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Powhatan County (Va.) Birth and Death Records, 1843-1926, consist of birth and death records.

The Powhatan County (Va.) Board of the Overseer of the Poor Minutes are two volumes dated 1852-1859 and 1860-1870. The minutes give the names of people receiving financial support, food, and clothing, as well as those moved to the poor house and the burial of the deceased. At the end of the volume, Minutes 1852-1870, are accounts for the years 1853-1856 and 1859.

Powhatan County (Va.) Circular Concerning Instructions to Receive United States Registers of Marriages of Colored Persons, 1868, instructed the clerks of the county courts of Virginia to receive United States Registers of Marriages of Colored Persons and safely keep the same for future reference.

Powhatan County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1777-1904, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance. Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God. Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known. If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence. Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased. Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations.

Powhatan County (Va.) Court Records, 1847-1857. The collection contains two letters removed from Powhatan County court records: a letter from William C. Brazeal to Joseph L. Noble, 1847 May 17, regarding payment of a debt; and a letter from C.P. Davis to Willis J. Dance, 1857 Nov. 5, regarding settlement of the estate of Thomas Pettus.

Powhatan County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1820-1849 primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.

Powhatan County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, 1810-1904 consist of three folders of Mental Health Records and one folder of Smallpox Epidemic Records.

Powhatan County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1807-1844, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners identified in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.

Powhatan County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1796-1910, consist of militia papers and pension records. Militia papers include militia officer orders, 1818-1826, militia officer qualifications, certifications and commissions, 1796-1833, and miscellaneous records such as militia lists, delinquent militia fines, claims and disbursements, 1799-1864, including a letter from Captain W. I. Dance stationed near Fredericksburg during the Civil War. He expressed his gratitude to the citizens of Powhatan County for the tobacco and shoes they mailed to his company. Pension records consist of applications for aid, pensions, and artificial limbs, 1877-1884, and Confederate Pension Board Records, 1900-1910.