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Roanoke County (Va.) Church Files, 1931-1954, is a collection of petitions to receive the court's permission to sale church property and replace trustees.

Roanoke County (Va.) Deeds, 1838-1968 (bulk 1875-1968) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.

Roanoke County (Va.) Land Grant Files, Notes, and Maps, 1795-1865 circa, is a collection of land grant information compiled by a researcher. Information recorded includes name of land grant recipient, value of buildings on the land, total number of acres, plats, and geographic location in relation to courthouse.

Roanoke County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, 1837-1946, consist of militia returns, list of militia officers, muster rolls, correspondence, circulars, and obituaries of Confederate veterans; compilations, reports, and depositions related to servicemen who served in the Spanish-American War and World War I; and records of Hupp-Deyerle Camp of Confederate veterans. The collection also includes correspondence from the headquarters of the First Military District during the Reconstruction era and from the national United Confederate Veterans; a compiled history of civilian defense during World War II; World War II casualty list; war service record of Virginia's war dead; World War I draft board report of physical examinations and exemption claims.

Roanoke County (Va.) Muster Roll in the War with Germany,1917-1938 (bulk 1917-1918), is a listing of men who served in one of the several branches of the armed services during World War I. Information included in the muster roll includes name, address (name of town), age, color, selective service (date drafted), volunteers for army, navy and marine corps (date accepted and which branch), National Guard and naval militia (date and where mustered), rank, branch, and remarks which include notations about date discharged, reason and date of deaths, whether someone was a chaplain, etc.

Roanoke County (Va.) School House Deeds, 1871-1886 consist of deeds of bargain and sale and deeds of gift granting land to be used for erecting school buildings in the following school districts: Salem, Big Lick, Catawba, and Cave Spring. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats.