Richmond County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1739-1958 (bulk 1860-1939)

Access and use

Location of collection:
Library of Virginia
The Library of Virginia
800 East Broad Street
Richmond, VA 23219
Contact for questions and access:
POC: Archives Reference Services
Phone: (804) 692-3888
Restrictions:

Patrons are to use digital images of Richmond County Chancery Causes, 1739-1958 found on the Chancery Records Index available electronically at the website of the Library of Virginia.

Terms of access:

There are no restrictions.

Preferred citation:

Richmond County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1739-1958. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection, Richmond County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.

Summary

Creator:
Richmond County (Va.) Circuit Court.
Language:
English
Preferred citation:

Richmond County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1739-1958. (Cite style of suit and chancery index no.). Local Government Records Collection, Richmond County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, 23219.

Background

Scope and content:

Richmond County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1739-1958, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.

Biographical / historical:

Context of Record type:Chancery Causes are cases of equity. According to Black's Law Dictionary they are "administered according to fairness as contrasted with the strictly formulated rules of common law." A judge, not a jury, determines the outcome of the case; however, the judge is basing the decision on findings compiled and documented by Commissioners. Chancery causes are useful when researching local history, genealogical information, and land or estate divisions. They are a valuable source of local, state, social, and legal history and serve as a primary source for understanding a locality's history. Chancery causes document the lived experiences of free and enslaved individuals; women; children; people living with physical disabilities or mental health struggles; people living in poverty; defunct institutions and corporate entities; or those that may not have otherwise left traditional written histories.

Locality History: Richmond County may have been named for Richmond borough in Surrey, England, or for Charles Lennox, first duke of Richmond and a son of King Charles II. It was formed from Old Rappahannock County in 1692. The county seat is Warsaw.

Lost Locality Notes: Some volumes were burned and mutilated through unknown causes; in addition, the will books prior to 1699 were missing as early as 1793, and order books for the period 1794-1816 are also missing. Numerous loose records prior to 1781 are missing as well.

Acquisition information:
These records came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Richmond County (Va.) in 2006 under the accession number 42487 and under an undated accession.
Processing information:

Richmond County (Va.) Chancery Causes 1739-1958 were processed in two separate groups. The first was field processed in 1999-2000 and the second in 2007 by G. Crawford.

Microfilm was generated from original material processed in the field. Digital images were then created from the microfilm.

Encoded by G. Crawford, 2006; Updated by E. Swain, June 2024.

Arrangement:

Organized by case, of which each is assigned a unique index number comprised of the latest year found in case and a sequentially increasing 3-digit number assigned by the processor as cases for that year are found. Arranged chronologically.

Arrangement of documents within each folder are as follows: Bill, Answer, and Final Decree (if found.)

Physical location:
Library of Virginia
Physical description:
61 cubic feet (124 boxes); Digital images.