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This collection consiste of Alexander Sterrett Paxton's journals in six volumes (484 p.)during the American Civil War. They cover his service as a member of the 4th Virginia Infantry of the Stonewall Brigade, including his role as a Commissary Sergeant of the regiment. Journal entries explore the war experiences of a Confederate foot soldier and include: his insights into motives for war; observations and descriptions of ranking officers, fellow soldiers, friends and family; detailed accounts of battles and campaigns; and experiences in hospitals and camps, including a few pencil-drawn maps of Stonewall Brigade camps (1861-1862). Volume 6 includes a month-long dream journal that Paxton kept in 1864. The collection also includes correspondence between Paxton's second wife, Mary Frances Tapscott Paxton, and her family; ten pre and post-war photographs of Paxton, his brother, Joseph McClung Paxton and other family members (Tapscott family and Lilley family of Augusta County, Va.); and a ca.1860 fraternity/secret society bylaws document handwritten by Paxton.

This collection contains items of the Anderson and Alexander families including correspondence dealing with legal business, family matters, and Lexington, Virginia affairs. Consists largely of the family correspondence of William Alexander Anderson, Francis T. Anderson, and Mary Anne Alexander Anderson; includes letters to and from Virginia Governor John Letcher, and two letters from Mildred Lee, daughter of Robert E. Lee. Other correspondents include William A. Glasgow, George Hutcheson Denny, Charles Alfred Graves, Henry Holstine, George Junkin, George Bolling Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, James McDowell, Samuel McDowell Moore, and Walter LeConte Stevens. Also includes legal and business correspondence of Francis T. Anderson; letters and diary of William D. Alexander dated 1858-1859; business accounts, wills, obituaries, including Mary Anne Alexander Anderson's obituary as a pamphlet titled In Memoriam, November 27, 1881; and genealogies of the McNutt, Anderson, and Thomas families. Includes copies of speeches of William A. Anderson dated 1842-1930 and a few photographs.

The scrapbook is a genealogical compendium of the Welsh family of Rockbridge County, Virginia and their descendants and includes many family photographs and documents.

This collection includes minutes, scrapbooks, histories, photographs, recipie booklets, and other items of twenty home demonstration clubs in the Rockbridge County, Virginia area.

Photograph collection of members of the Hotinger family of Rockbridge County, Va. This collection includes a photograph of Rice Hotinger and Susan Radar Hotinger celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary on October 18, 1949; Harvey and Katherine Hotinger; Gertrude Hotinger; as well as a group photo of the Hotinger family, where each individual in this group photograph is identified. The collection consists of originals and copies. Also incuded is a group photo of Mr. and Mrs. Grover Hotinger, and their four children, and an early photo as a couple; a bust photo of May Lowman, daughter of Ida Hotinger Lowman and Ruffner Lowman; a photo of Tommy Marshall and girlfriend Peggy Alphin; and a group photo of Lucy Hotinger Marshall, Lenoard Hotinger, Sarah Hotinger, and Josephine Hotinger.

This collection includes copies and originals of 18th and 19th century land grants for acreage in Rockbridge County, Augusta County, Bath County, and other areas in southwestern Virginia. Three folders relate to the Borden land grant, which established Rockbridge County. There is a fragment of an undated, handwritten copy of the Borden land grant. Other folders related to the Borden grant include historical analysis and recounting of the development of the grant by E.P. Tompkins. Some land grants pre-date the Borden grant. Folders with the parenthetical note of "Copy" only include photocopies of the original land grants. The Trimble land grants can be found in oversized drawer 33.

This file consists of a bound copy of a record of Lexington Free Tourist Camp.

This collection consists of files containing newspaper articles, history essays and writing, and photographs concerning Native American land, battles with colonial settlers, prominent figures, and forts in Rockbridge County. Many materials describe the Shawnee Tribe and their presence and relationship with settlers in Kerrs Creek, Abbs' Valley, Balcony Falls, and Hayes Creek Mound. Some materials concern the death of Chief Cornstalk, also known as Hokoleskwa, and the Kerrs Creek Massacre.

This collection consists materials compiled and collected by Matthew "Matt" White Paxton, Jr. The primary subject matter of the collection is Paxton family genealogy, the history of the Rockbridge County, Virginia, and related families including Houston, Walker, White, Brockenbrough, Hopkins, Bowyer, Owen, and Braxton. The collection includes original manuscripts, photographs, and secondary source materials such as notes, articles, clippings, pamphlets, and published materials. The photographs are predominately Paxton family members from the late 19th-mid 20th century. There is one photograph of Matthew Paxton, Sr. taken while a student at Washington and Lee University (1873-1874) as well as photographs of his son, Matthew Paxton, Jr. at Fancy Dress and dressed in military uniform in 1918. There are also cased ambrotypes and daguerreotypes of members of the White and Hopkins families. The collection includes a number of photographs from the Michael Miley Studio.

The Effinger School collection consists of the compiled research of Clinton Lee Anderson and Henry A. Hatcher, co-authors of "Celebrate Effinger, 1922-2010" their published history of the Effinger School in the Collierstown vicinity of Rockbridge County, Virginia. Included within the collection are various records, publications, printed matter from the school, school newspapers, alumni records, photographs, and general history of the school.