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Northumberland County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1799, 1816, consist of suits initiated by slaves seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of slaves and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether slave(s) won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include slave's argument for freedom, acquisition of slaves by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between slaves and slaveowners.

Northumberland County (Va.) Land Records, circa 1834-1915 consist of a petition to establish a boundry line (1915), a petition to establish a mill (1837), a petition for oyster planting grounds (1896), and three plats (1834, 1886, 1899).

Northumberland County (Va.) Military and Pension Records, circa 1785-1919 consist of applications for commutation money and artifical limbs (1882-1886), applications for pensions (circa 1888-1908), a bond from Northumberland County to the widows and minor children of confederate soldiers and sailors (1877), confederate pension board minutes and appointments (1900-1915), a declaration of Revolutionary War military service (undated), exemptions from military service (1862), General Assembly resolutions regarding money and property expended during the Revolutionary War (1788), lists of applications for pensions (1906-1919), certification of pensioners (1785-1791, 1902), militia officer qualifications (1804), the muster roll of infantry attached to the 2nd battalion of the 3rd regiment (1850), a petition for an exemption from military duty (1862), records regarding soldiers' heirs and bounty warrants (1836-1858), reports of indigent families of soldiers (1862-1865), and salt agents' reports (1864-1865).

Northumberland County (Va.) Organization Records, circa 1765-1935 is comprised of various records created by groups in Northumberland County. Represented records largely consist of unprocessed loose records. These records typically consist of appointments of trustees, minutes, and miscellaneous records of religious organizations, fraternal organizations, independent associations, and cooperatives.

Northumberland County (Va.) Petition of Smithland Baptist Church, 1912 consists of a document from the congregation requesting the Circuit Court judge to appoint Thomas W. Clarke, J. C. Dawson, and J. H. Clarke as trustees of the church.

Northumberland County (Va.) Records, 1700-1879, consist of the following series: Business Records, Court Records, Fiduciary Records, Land Records, Tax and Fiscal Records, and Wills

Northumberland County (Va.) Tax and Fiscal Records, circa 1786-1902 consist of commonwealth claims (1836), county claims (1902), lists of taxable property (1790, 1799), sheriffs' accounts and returns (1786-1789), and tithable lists (undated).