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Northumberland County (Va.) Account of Expenses in Conveying British Prisoners to Richmond, 1814, consists of receipts and a report, which detail the costs incurred while transporting British prisoners of war from Northumberland County to the city of Richmond.

Northumberland County (Va.) Appointment of School Commissioners, 1836 consists of a document appointing nine individuals to serve as school commissioners.

Northumberland County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1759-1980 (bulk 1902-1950), consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.

Northumberland County (Va.) Citizens' Claims of Property Lost to British Army, 1815, includes inventories made by citizens of Northumberland County that record a listing of the slaves they claimed were taken by the British military between 1812 and 1814. Information found in the inventories include the slaves' names, value, age, occupation, date they escaped or were taken, and name of the individual making the claim.

Northumberland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1800, 1859-1898, 1909 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, and indictments handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from assault and battery to larceny. Some 1860 causes reference enslaved people arrested for being "at large," as well as cases involving enslaved or free persons.

Northumberland County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1822, primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.

Northumberland (Va.) Deeds, circa 1787-1921 consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, deeds of trust, and deeds of emancipation. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.

Northumberland County (Va.) Estate Records, 1859, 1912 consist of documents relating to estate sales, appraisments, and settlements. Prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865, slaves were considered property and appeared in estate accounts.

Northumberland County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, 1826-1869, consist of Mental Health Records, 1826-1869.