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Madison County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1852-1923, consist of a Chancery Docket, Fee Book, Justices Judgment and Execution Book, Law and Chancery Docket, and Witness Attendance Books.

Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.

Madison County (Va.) Court Record, 1842. The collection contains an affidavit removed from Madison County court records. The affidavit pertains to publication of a decree from the Madison County Superior Court of Chancery cause Joanna Stewart (nee Barnett), etc. vs. Executrix of James Barnett, etc. Other surnames among the plaintiffs and defendants are Sullivan, Barnes, Jesse, Steel, Beale, Metcalfe, and McCormick.

Madison County (Va.) Court Records, 1861-1919, consist of a Clerk's Account Book, Fee Books, Memorandum Book, and an unidentified index.

Madison County (Va.) Deeds, 1793-1944, consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, deeds of trust, and deeds of emancipation. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.

Madison County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1835-1907, consist of Appraisement and Sale Books, an Index to Fiduciary Book No. 1, and a Register of Fiduciaries.

Madison County (Va.) Land Records, 1793-1944, consist of Deeds, General Indexes to Deeds, Lists of Deeds and Deeds of Trust, Oversize Deeds, and Unrecorded Deeds.

Madison County (Va.) List of Voters Registered Without Challenge, 1867-1869, records the names of individuals who resided in the third district of Madison County who did or did not qualify to vote under the suffrage qualifications found in the Reconstruction Acts of 1867-1868. The list of names are divided by race (white and colored.) Information found in the list of qualified voters includes name of registered voter, age, occupation, length of residence in the state, length of residence in the district, and where born. The volume also includes comments stating why voters were removed from the list after registering because they had relocated out of the county or district, underage, or mentally incompetent. Information found in the list of disqualified voters includes the name of individual, age, occupation, length of residence in the state, length of residence in the district, where born, and reason for disqualification. The volume also includes a certification of the 1867 election to send delegates to the 1867-1868 state constitutional convention signed by the board of registration.

Madison County (Va.) Local Board of Review Records contains records for 1915-1925.

Madison County (Va.) Marriage Records, 1793-1886, consist of Birth and Death Lists; Index to Registers of Births, Deaths, and Marriages; Marriage Bonds; Marriage Consents; Marriage Licenses; and Ministers' Returns.