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Chesterfield County (Va.) Health and Medical Records, 1780-1904, consist of .225cf of Mental Health Records and Smallpox Epidemic Records.

Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.

Chesterfield County (Va.) Court Records, 1814-1848. The collection contains various documents removed from Chesterfield County court records, as follows: a letter from James Taylor, of Washington County, to Zachariah Brooks, of Manchester, Virginia, 1814; a letter, 1837, with the surnames Wilkinson, Flournoy, and Epps; an answer from the chancery cause Batte vs. Buchanan, 1838; comissioners reports from the chancery causes Binns vs. Gibbs and Gibbs vs. Binns, 1841 and 1844; a subpoena from the chancery cause Dunston vs. Anderson, 1843; the will of Alexander Snelling, 1848; a memo from the chancery cause Alvis vs. Goff, 1848; and several envelopes from unknown series.

Chesterfield County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1751-1927, consists of criminal causes, Commonwealth causes, and grand jury presentments containing warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts for criminal offenses. These cases were heard in the County Court, Superior Court of Law, Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court.

Chesterfield County (Va.) Declarations for Revolutionary War Pensions, 1818-1843 primarily record the declarations of individuals seeking to obtain Revolutionary War pensions provided by various acts of Congress. The applicants present detailed testimony of their time of service during the Revolutionary War. Information found in the declarations include date and location applicants entered into service, names of military companies they served in, names of military commanders they served under, names of fellow soldiers they served with, length of service, their age, and their place of birth. The predominant portion of the declarations are narratives of their tours of duty during the Revolutionary War with emphasis on battles they fought. The declarations also include affidavits from witnesses who could verify information provided by applicants.

Chesterfield County (Va.) Deeds, 1749-1981 (bulk 1780-1953) consist of deeds recorded and unrecorded of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, bills of sale, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, enslaved people in Virginia were considered personal property and were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.

Chesterfield County Index for Registered Voters, records the roll of registered voters in Chesterfield County. The volume is divided by precincts: Swansboro, Oak Grove, Bon Air, Midlothian, Horner's Store, Clover Hill, Court House, Beach, Chester, Eyler's Store, Pulliam's Store, Stroud's Store, Skinquarter, Winterpock, Dale, and Bermuda; and within each precinct on the basis of color. Information found in the volumes includes date of registration; number of registered voter; name of registered voter; date of birth; age; occupation; residence; length of residence in state, county, and precinct; whether exempt from poll tax; if naturalized, and if so, date of papers and by what court issued; if transferred from another precinct, and if so, when and to what precinct.

Chesterfield County (Va.) Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1847, consist of one suit for freedom initiated by Baker Parham. He filed a writ of habeas corpus claiming to be a free person of color unlawfully detained in the county jail. He wasa native of Sussex County who had lost his free papers

Chesterfield County (Va.) Lists of Tithables, 1747-1821. Consists of manuscript and photostat images of the list of tithable heads of household in the county for the years 1747-1821. The 1821 list is for insolvents.

The Chesterfield County (Va.) Lists of Provisions for Confederate Soldiers' Families, 1863-1864 is primarily made up of lists of individuals related to Confederate soldiers. These reports can include the names of soldiers, the name of their wives, mothers or other family members, the number of dependant individuals in each family, the condition of the soldier and his family, the amount of money or supplies provided to each family, and the use for which the money was intended. Also included are certifications for soldiers' families detailing their need for assistance. Information included in the accounts include number of children, economic state and health of family and details about the soldiers. The lists record that funds were to be used for specific foods such as bacon and flour.