- R. H. Lancaster Lodge No. 1370, Grand United Order of Odd Fellows of the State of Virginia Records (MS076), 1890/191019
- Ramsay Family Papers Collection (MS012), 1742/196013
- Relief Truck and Engine Co. #1 Collection (MS130), 1788/19245
- Robert Clinton Rutledge Collection (MS406), 1939/194547
- Robert H. McNulty Papers (MS282), 1970/199171
- Robert Hume Bashaw Papers (MS320), 1833/1870117
- Roberts United Methodist Church Records (MS048), 1877/191315
- Robinson Terminal Warehouse Records (MS321), 1940/196320
- Rosemont Historic District (MS262), 1991/199319
- Royd R. Sayers Collection (MS094), 1932/196816
- Ruth Kaye Collection (MS029), 1970/2010330