- Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/19952
- Sally Brown Math Exercise Book, 1786/17871
- Samuel H. Yonge papers, 1890/19351
- Samuel Hanway Papers, 1782/18181
- Samuel Henley Letter to Mr. Johnson, 1775/18002
- Samuel Henley Papers, 1772/18042
- Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers, 1945/20171
- Scott and Gunnell family papers, 1772/19902
- Scottish Court of Session records, 1757/183430
- Sessional Records of South-Central Virginia Churches, 1760/19922
- Seth Stowers Ledger, 1769/18112
- Shakes Letter Collection (MS005), 1778/20152
- Sheet Music Collection, 1827/19743
- Shelton H. Short III papers, 1970/19903
- Shenandoah Valley Legal Documents, 1751/1968, bulk 1901/19353