- Randolph H. Lytton Historical Virginia collection, 1670/20041
- Randolph H. Lytton historical Virginia collection2
- Richard A. Rutyna Papers, 1763/20111
- Richard G. Joynt Collection of British Manuscripts, 1593/20152
- Richard J. DeMartino papers, 1910/19651
- Richard Lee Morton papers, 1756/2006, bulk 1930/19691
- Robb-Bernard Papers, 1665/1980, bulk 1850/19502
- Robert Hunt Land Papers, 1938/19423
- Robert Morton Hughes Papers, 1715/1940, bulk 1871/19331
- Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, 1679/1984, bulk 1840/19601
- Ruby Leighton Family History Collection, 1908/20101
- Ruffner Family Association Collection, 1811/2014, bulk 1999/20141
- Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/19952
- Samuel H. Yonge papers, 1890/19351
- Sheet Music Collection, 1827/19742