{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?facet.page=4\u0026page=228712\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?facet.page=4\u0026page=228711\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?facet.page=4\u0026page=228713\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?facet.page=4\u0026page=228715\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":228712,"next_page":228713,"prev_page":228711,"total_pages":228715,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2287110,"total_count":2287144,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zvosec-Johnson Project, 1976/1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19_c14","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19_c14"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19_c14","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8538_c03_c19","parent_ssim":["Office of the President. 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Graves, Jr. Records, 1940/1985, bulk 1971/1985"],"containers_ssim":["Box Series 3, Box 19","Folder 14"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Accessions may require permission from the originating office or the staff of the University Archives because they contain personnel, student, or other records covered by privacy laws and regulations including the following accessions: 1978.001, 1979.084, 1980.116, 1981.084, 1982.059, 1983.059, 1984.042, 1985.035, 1986.024, and 1987.077.","Acc. 1985.036 is closed until 2060.","Acc. 1999.011 is confidential.","Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Acc. 1980.116 received from the Office of the President 7/1/1980. Acc. 1981.081 received from the Office of the President 8/12/1981. Acc. 1981.084 received from the Office of the President 8/23/1977. Acc. 1982.059 received from the Office of the President 8/13/1982. Acc. 1983.038 received from the Office of the President 9/2/1983. Acc. 1983.059 received from the Office of the President 10/24/1983. Acc. 1984.042 received from the Office of the President 8/2/1984. Acc. 1985.035 received from the Office of the President 6/10/1985. Acc. 1985.036 received from the Office of the President 6/7/1985. Acc. 1985.037 received from the Office of the President 6/10/1985 and 8/6/1987. Acc. 1986.024 received from the Office of the President 7/28/1986. Acc. 1987.077 received from the Office of the President 8/6/1987. 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Graves retired in 2004, and moved back to Williamsburg with his wife, Zoe."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffice of the President, Thomas Ashley Graves, Jr. Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Office of the President, Thomas Ashley Graves, Jr. Records, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInventories were normally received with the material when transferred to the SCRC. SCRC staff are rehousing the collection and adding inventories for all accessions to the database. This effort is currently ongoing (January 2010).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Inventories were normally received with the material when transferred to the SCRC. SCRC staff are rehousing the collection and adding inventories for all accessions to the database. This effort is currently ongoing (January 2010)."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffice of the President, Davis Young Paschall Records (UA 2.015); Thomas Ashley Graves Papers (UA 2.21).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Office of the President, Davis Young Paschall Records (UA 2.015); Thomas Ashley Graves Papers (UA 2.21)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes subject files, speeches, and other material from the administration of College of William and Mary President Thomas Ashley Graves with some overlap with his predecessor Davis Y. Paschall and his successor Paul Verkuil. For the most part, headings assigned to folders in their office of origin have been maintained in the box list inventories available here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In addition, there are two unprocessed boxes. 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Consult a staff member for assistance."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePinks have been removed to Acc. 1983.039.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials:"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Pinks have been removed to Acc. 1983.039."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","Associated and Branch Campuses--Richard Bland College","Associated and Branch Campuses--Virginia Associated Research Campus","College of William and Mary. 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In a 1930 Act the duties of the Secretary were redefined with the Secretary of the Commonwealth serving as the ex officio secretary of the Governor, as custodian of many official State records, and as keeper of the Greater and Lesser Seals of the Commonwealth.  The office of the Secretary has gradually acquired other functions, such as:  service of out-of-state civil process; appointment and regulation of notaries public; and registration and oversight of lobbyists.  The Office became a gubernatorial appointment subsequent to a 1958 Act of the Assembly.  The Secretary of the Commonwealth is under the jurisdiction of the Governor's Office.  The Secretary is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years.  Currently the Secretary of the Commonwealth is responsible for gubernatorial appointments, clemency and restoration of civil rights requests and extraditions.  Additional activities include:  serving as ex officio Secretary to the Governor; serving as keeper of the seals of the Commonwealth; compiling and publishing the annual Blue Book; commissioning and regulating notary publics, including the publication of a Notary Handbook and conduct of disciplinary hearings; promulgating the lobbying disclosure requirements, registration of lobbyists, and recording of lobbying reports; servicing the civil process of out-of-state defendants and other parties; and authenticating and certifying the records of the courts and of any state agency.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth has evolved from early colonial times when there existed a Secretary of the Colony.  Thomas Nelson held the position of the first Secretary of Virginia in 1776.  Early Secretaries were elected by the public.  An Act of the General Assembly in 1920 changed the election to a joint vote of the General Assembly.  In a 1930 Act the duties of the Secretary were redefined with the Secretary of the Commonwealth serving as the ex officio secretary of the Governor, as custodian of many official State records, and as keeper of the Greater and Lesser Seals of the Commonwealth.  The office of the Secretary has gradually acquired other functions, such as:  service of out-of-state civil process; appointment and regulation of notaries public; and registration and oversight of lobbyists.  The Office became a gubernatorial appointment subsequent to a 1958 Act of the Assembly.  The Secretary of the Commonwealth is under the jurisdiction of the Governor's Office.  The Secretary is appointed by the Governor for a term of four years.  Currently the Secretary of the Commonwealth is responsible for gubernatorial appointments, clemency and restoration of civil rights requests and extraditions.  Additional activities include:  serving as ex officio Secretary to the Governor; serving as keeper of the seals of the Commonwealth; compiling and publishing the annual Blue Book; commissioning and regulating notary publics, including the publication of a Notary Handbook and conduct of disciplinary hearings; promulgating the lobbying disclosure requirements, registration of lobbyists, and recording of lobbying reports; servicing the civil process of out-of-state defendants and other parties; and authenticating and certifying the records of the courts and of any state agency."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Virginia Secretary of the Commonwealth, [cite specific date and accession used].  State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Secretary of the Commonwealth, [cite specific date and accession used].  State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Secretary of the Commonwealth, Records, are housed in 290 boxes.  The collection is arranged into ten (10) series.  Series have been designated for:  I Appointment Calendars; II. Correspondence and Supporting Documentation; III. Executive Papers; IV. Registration of State Agency Logos, Devices and Slogans; V. Clemency:  Pardon Files; VI. Clemency:  Pardon Files-Denied; VII. Extradition Requisitions and Renditions; VIII. Notary Public Register; IX. Restoration of Rights Files; and X. Restoration of Rights Files-Denied.  These records include affidavits, agendas, appointment calendars, certificates, executive orders, invitations, judicial records, legal files, letters (correspondence), medical records, memorandums, notes, oaths, petitions, transcripts, warrants and writs.  These records primarily document the clemency activities of the Warner Administration (2002-2006).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Secretary of the Commonwealth, Records, are housed in 290 boxes.  The collection is arranged into ten (10) series.  Series have been designated for:  I Appointment Calendars; II. Correspondence and Supporting Documentation; III. Executive Papers; IV. Registration of State Agency Logos, Devices and Slogans; V. Clemency:  Pardon Files; VI. Clemency:  Pardon Files-Denied; VII. Extradition Requisitions and Renditions; VIII. Notary Public Register; IX. Restoration of Rights Files; and X. Restoration of Rights Files-Denied.  These records include affidavits, agendas, appointment calendars, certificates, executive orders, invitations, judicial records, legal files, letters (correspondence), medical records, memorandums, notes, oaths, petitions, transcripts, warrants and writs.  These records primarily document the clemency activities of the Warner Administration (2002-2006)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExtradition Requisition and Rendition files may contain confidential and privacy-protected information.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Extradition Requisition and Rendition files may contain confidential and privacy-protected information."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":5013,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:23:31.175Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00968_c09_c02_c02_c511"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Zwarte Piet, 1978","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eZwarte Piet is an \"Old Maid\" type game featuring a blackface minstrel character original from Belgium and Netherlands named \"Black Pete\", who is an assistant to Saint Nicholas and a racist caricature of a black person.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01_c27","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01","parent_ssim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005","Series 1: Board games and card games, 1850/2005"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","viw_repositories_2_resources_10016_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zwarte Piet","title_ssm":["Zwarte Piet"],"title_tesim":["Zwarte Piet"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zwarte Piet, 1978"],"text":["Zwarte Piet, 1978","David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005","Series 1: Board games and card games, 1850/2005","box 7","Bermann \u0026 Sohn","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Zwarte Piet is an \"Old Maid\" type game featuring a blackface minstrel character original from Belgium and Netherlands named \"Black Pete\", who is an assistant to Saint Nicholas and a racist caricature of a black person."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005","Series 1: Board games and card games, 1850/2005"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005","Series 1: Board games and card games, 1850/2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1978"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c. 1978"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":28,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005"],"containers_ssim":["box 7"],"creator_ssim":["Bermann \u0026 Sohn"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Use of these materials must be limited to persons using them for research and/or scholarly activites. These materials may not be sold or distributed without knowing their intended use. They are not allowed to fall into the hands of anyone who might use them to support beliefs in the superiority or inferiority of any race, creed, or ethnicity"],"corpname_ssim":["Bermann \u0026 Sohn"],"names_ssim":["Bermann \u0026 Sohn"],"date_range_isim":[1978],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZwarte Piet is an \"Old Maid\" type game featuring a blackface minstrel character original from Belgium and Netherlands named \"Black Pete\", who is an assistant to Saint Nicholas and a racist caricature of a black person.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Zwarte Piet is an \"Old Maid\" type game featuring a blackface minstrel character original from Belgium and Netherlands named \"Black Pete\", who is an assistant to Saint Nicholas and a racist caricature of a black person."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#26","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:25.099Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10016","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_10016.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Greenwald, David Galt games and puzzles collection","title_ssm":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection"],"title_tesim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1850/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005"],"text":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005","MS 00427","/repositories/2/resources/10016","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","The David Galt Greenwald board games and puzzles collection consists of black Americana board games, puzzles, card games, and ephemera. Series 1 consists of boxed games, puzzles, and toys, largely depicting racist caricatures, including minstrel/blackface imagery, stereotypes, propaganda, and sometimes anti-black violence. Other items in Series 1 depict black empowerment, history, heritage, culture, and collaboration. Series 2 consists of entertainment-related or associated ephemera, including paper board games and puzzles, toys, a stereoview, a watercolor booklet, Court Whist scorecards, promotional material, and pages of a 1883 almanac. The majority, but not all, of these materials likewise feature minstrel/blackface imagery and racist caricatures and stereotypes. These materials offer insight into the cohesive use and promotion of racist imagery, stereotypes, and rhetoric through entertainment media in the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States and Europe. These materials also offer insight into the use of physical entertainment media during the 20th century to educate the public about the Black Power movement, and black community, history, heritage, and empowerment. Additionally, the collection may offer insights into the sale and popularity of black Americana materials between the 19th and early 21st centuries, with at least one board game likely being a 21st century \"hoax\" using historical anti-black imagery to feign its true age.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","of these materials must be limited to persons using them for research and/or scholarly activites. These materials may not be sold or distributed without knowing their intended use. They are not allowed to fall into the hands of anyone who might use them to support beliefs in the superiority or inferiority of any race, creed, or ethnicity","Special Collections Research Center","BAOA, Inc.","Cadaco-Ellis (Chicago, IL)","Identity Toys, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI)","Motherland, Inc. (Boston, MA)","Milton Bradley Co.","Selchow \u0026 Righter Co. (New York, NY)","Parker Brothers (Salem, MA)","Lubbers \u0026 Bell Mfg. Co. (Clinton, IA)","E. E. Fairchild Corporation","Goezte Game Co. (Plymouth, WI)","J. W. Spear \u0026 Sons (London, UK)","Psychology Today Games (Del Mar, CA)","G. H. Robinson Company (Chicago, IL)","Bermann \u0026 Sohn","The Fireside Game Co. (Cincinnati, OH)","Chad Valley Co., Ltd.","The Concept Card Co. (New Orleans, LA)","Hampden Novelty Mfg, Inc.","H Fishlove \u0026 Co.","Frank Leslie Publishing House","H. C. White Co. (North Bennington, VT)","National Lead Company","O.C. Harn","John W. Brophy Co. (Westerly, RI)","English\n      Dutch; Flemish\n      German\n      French"],"collection_title_tesim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005"],"collection_ssim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, 1850/2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00427","/repositories/2/resources/10016"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00427","/repositories/2/resources/10016"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","BAOA, Inc.","Cadaco-Ellis (Chicago, IL)","Identity Toys, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI)","Motherland, Inc. (Boston, MA)","Milton Bradley Co.","Selchow \u0026 Righter Co. (New York, NY)","Parker Brothers (Salem, MA)","Lubbers \u0026 Bell Mfg. Co. (Clinton, IA)","E. E. Fairchild Corporation","Goezte Game Co. (Plymouth, WI)","J. W. Spear \u0026 Sons (London, UK)","Psychology Today Games (Del Mar, CA)","G. H. Robinson Company (Chicago, IL)","Bermann \u0026 Sohn","The Fireside Game Co. (Cincinnati, OH)","Chad Valley Co., Ltd.","The Concept Card Co. (New Orleans, LA)","Hampden Novelty Mfg, Inc.","H Fishlove \u0026 Co.","Frank Leslie Publishing House","H. C. White Co. (North Bennington, VT)","National Lead Company","O.C. Harn","John W. Brophy Co. (Westerly, RI)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","BAOA, Inc.","Cadaco-Ellis (Chicago, IL)","Identity Toys, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI)","Motherland, Inc. (Boston, MA)","Milton Bradley Co.","Selchow \u0026 Righter Co. (New York, NY)","Parker Brothers (Salem, MA)","Lubbers \u0026 Bell Mfg. Co. (Clinton, IA)","E. E. Fairchild Corporation","Goezte Game Co. (Plymouth, WI)","J. W. Spear \u0026 Sons (London, UK)","Psychology Today Games (Del Mar, CA)","G. H. Robinson Company (Chicago, IL)","Bermann \u0026 Sohn","The Fireside Game Co. (Cincinnati, OH)","Chad Valley Co., Ltd.","The Concept Card Co. (New Orleans, LA)","Hampden Novelty Mfg, Inc.","H Fishlove \u0026 Co.","Frank Leslie Publishing House","H. C. White Co. (North Bennington, VT)","National Lead Company","O.C. Harn","John W. Brophy Co. (Westerly, RI)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Use of these materials must be limited to persons using them for research and/or scholarly activites. These materials may not be sold or distributed without knowing their intended use. They are not allowed to fall into the hands of anyone who might use them to support beliefs in the superiority or inferiority of any race, creed, or ethnicity"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8 Boxes Five oversize boxes, one half Hollinger box, and two rectangle artifact boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8 Boxes Five oversize boxes, one half Hollinger box, and two rectangle artifact boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDavid Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["David Galt Greenwald games and puzzles collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe David Galt Greenwald board games and puzzles collection consists of black Americana board games, puzzles, card games, and ephemera. Series 1 consists of boxed games, puzzles, and toys, largely depicting racist caricatures, including minstrel/blackface imagery, stereotypes, propaganda, and sometimes anti-black violence. Other items in Series 1 depict black empowerment, history, heritage, culture, and collaboration. Series 2 consists of entertainment-related or associated ephemera, including paper board games and puzzles, toys, a stereoview, a watercolor booklet, Court Whist scorecards, promotional material, and pages of a 1883 almanac. The majority, but not all, of these materials likewise feature minstrel/blackface imagery and racist caricatures and stereotypes. These materials offer insight into the cohesive use and promotion of racist imagery, stereotypes, and rhetoric through entertainment media in the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States and Europe. These materials also offer insight into the use of physical entertainment media during the 20th century to educate the public about the Black Power movement, and black community, history, heritage, and empowerment. Additionally, the collection may offer insights into the sale and popularity of black Americana materials between the 19th and early 21st centuries, with at least one board game likely being a 21st century \"hoax\" using historical anti-black imagery to feign its true age.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The David Galt Greenwald board games and puzzles collection consists of black Americana board games, puzzles, card games, and ephemera. Series 1 consists of boxed games, puzzles, and toys, largely depicting racist caricatures, including minstrel/blackface imagery, stereotypes, propaganda, and sometimes anti-black violence. Other items in Series 1 depict black empowerment, history, heritage, culture, and collaboration. Series 2 consists of entertainment-related or associated ephemera, including paper board games and puzzles, toys, a stereoview, a watercolor booklet, Court Whist scorecards, promotional material, and pages of a 1883 almanac. The majority, but not all, of these materials likewise feature minstrel/blackface imagery and racist caricatures and stereotypes. These materials offer insight into the cohesive use and promotion of racist imagery, stereotypes, and rhetoric through entertainment media in the 19th and 20th centuries in the United States and Europe. These materials also offer insight into the use of physical entertainment media during the 20th century to educate the public about the Black Power movement, and black community, history, heritage, and empowerment. Additionally, the collection may offer insights into the sale and popularity of black Americana materials between the 19th and early 21st centuries, with at least one board game likely being a 21st century \"hoax\" using historical anti-black imagery to feign its true age."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eof these materials must be limited to persons using them for research and/or scholarly activites. These materials may not be sold or distributed without knowing their intended use. They are not allowed to fall into the hands of anyone who might use them to support beliefs in the superiority or inferiority of any race, creed, or ethnicity\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","of these materials must be limited to persons using them for research and/or scholarly activites. These materials may not be sold or distributed without knowing their intended use. They are not allowed to fall into the hands of anyone who might use them to support beliefs in the superiority or inferiority of any race, creed, or ethnicity"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","BAOA, Inc.","Cadaco-Ellis (Chicago, IL)","Identity Toys, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI)","Motherland, Inc. 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It is for an exhibition titled \"Two Strokes\" at the TV Tower in Berlin (December 12, 1990 - January 13, 1991).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316_c775#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316_c775","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316_c775"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316_c775","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","parent_ssim":["East German poster collection film series, 1947/1995"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zweitakt","title_ssm":["Zweitakt"],"title_tesim":["Zweitakt"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zweitakt, 1990"],"text":["Zweitakt, 1990","East German poster collection film series, 1947/1995","This poster shows a painting with two geometric objects on a blue background. 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It is for an exhibition titled \"Two Strokes\" at the TV Tower in Berlin (December 12, 1990 - January 13, 1991)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#774","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:37.194Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_316.xml","title_ssm":["East German poster collection film series"],"title_tesim":["East German poster collection film series"],"unitdate_ssm":["1947-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1947-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1947/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["East German poster collection film series, 1947/1995"],"text":["East German poster collection film series, 1947/1995","C0208","/repositories/2/resources/316","Germany (East)","Motion pictures -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Yugoslavian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, West German -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Spanish -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Film posters","Motion Pictures, Soviet -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Romanian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Polish -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, North Korean -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, American -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Australian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Austrian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Bulgarian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Chinese -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Cuban -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Czechoslovakian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, East German -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, French -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, German -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Hungarian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Italian -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Motion Pictures, Japanese -- Germany (East) -- Posters","Posters","Collection is open to research.","Arranged by subject and a numbering system.","The cinema of East Germany is strongly identified with the studio Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft (DEFA) and the distributor Progress Film Vertrieb, which later became VEB Progress Film Vertrieb, and then Progress Film Verleih. 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EAD markup completed by Jordan Patty in 2011. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in July 2022 and October 2023.","Processing supported by a grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe East German poster collection contains other series, including the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"art exhibitions series\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0207\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"performing arts series\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0209\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"culture and science series\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0206\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"political series\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0169\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, GMU Professor Samuel Huneke led the completion of the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"East German Poster Database\" href=\"https://eastgermanposters.gmu.edu/s/eastgermanposters/page/home\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n, a project funded by a Fenwick Fellowship. The posters from each of the East German poster collection series can be searched in this database.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The East German poster collection contains other series, including the , , , and .","In 2021, GMU Professor Samuel Huneke led the completion of the \n, a project funded by a Fenwick Fellowship. The posters from each of the East German poster collection series can be searched in this database."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese posters document the cinematic heritage of the DDR and represent the films through both abstract works and interpretations of scenes from the films. The posters range in size from 21 x 57.5 cm to 84 x 59.5 cm. Although the posters date from 1947-1995, the majority fall between 1950 and 1990. The collection includes a poster for the 1965 DEFA production of \"The Rabbit is Me,\" which was banned by the DDR as anti-socialist. Another poster for \"Your Unknown Brother,\" a film that was nominated for the Cannes Film Festival, was withdrawn by DDR officials. A poster for \"Jacob the Liar,\" the first and only DDR film to be nominated for an Academy Award in 1975, was not released to the public until 1989. A significant portion of the posters are for films produced outside the former Eastern Bloc, but they often promote socialist concepts or have socialist undertones. For example, one of the posters advertises for \"Trading Places,\" an American film about two wealthy capitalists manipulating the marketplace and their downfall arranged by a homeless black man and a white former employee of the capitalists. Most of the films from other countries are from the former Soviet Union and other Communist countries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These posters document the cinematic heritage of the DDR and represent the films through both abstract works and interpretations of scenes from the films. The posters range in size from 21 x 57.5 cm to 84 x 59.5 cm. Although the posters date from 1947-1995, the majority fall between 1950 and 1990. The collection includes a poster for the 1965 DEFA production of \"The Rabbit is Me,\" which was banned by the DDR as anti-socialist. Another poster for \"Your Unknown Brother,\" a film that was nominated for the Cannes Film Festival, was withdrawn by DDR officials. A poster for \"Jacob the Liar,\" the first and only DDR film to be nominated for an Academy Award in 1975, was not released to the public until 1989. A significant portion of the posters are for films produced outside the former Eastern Bloc, but they often promote socialist concepts or have socialist undertones. For example, one of the posters advertises for \"Trading Places,\" an American film about two wealthy capitalists manipulating the marketplace and their downfall arranged by a homeless black man and a white former employee of the capitalists. Most of the films from other countries are from the former Soviet Union and other Communist countries."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere may be restrictions on reproduction. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There may be restrictions on reproduction. Contact the Special Collections Research Center for more information."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_700efba4c5b4e42f689760e84a9deae5\"\u003eThese posters document the cinematic heritage of the DDR and represent the films through both abstract works and interpretations of scenes from the films. The posters range in size from 21 x 57.5 cm to 84 x 59.5 cm. Although the posters date from 1947-1995, the majority fall between 1950 and 1990.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["These posters document the cinematic heritage of the DDR and represent the films through both abstract works and interpretations of scenes from the films. The posters range in size from 21 x 57.5 cm to 84 x 59.5 cm. Although the posters date from 1947-1995, the majority fall between 1950 and 1990."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5ad7900c9eb15215493fa99eec8d329b\"\u003eMC 5.1-7.2, 10.5, 20.2, 20.5, 28.1, 28.3\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["MC 5.1-7.2, 10.5, 20.2, 20.5, 28.1, 28.3"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Special Collections Research Center","DEFA","Progress Film-Verleih","Progress Film-Vertrieb (Berlin, Germany)","Sovėksportfilʹm (Firm)","Wongel, Gisela","Wittkugel, Klaus, 1910-","Westphal, Fred","Wendt, Horst","Wendlandt, Lars","Rosié, Paul, 1910-1984","Müller, Rudolf Felix","Lenk, Eberhard","Hill, Thomas","Lauenroth, Ernst","Baltzer, Hans, 1900-1972","Bofinger, Manfred","Brandt, Gernot","Claus, Matthias","Ebel, Heinz","Ehbets, Christoph","Geffers, Kurt","Grüttner, Erhard","Grüttner, Roswitha","Handschick, Heinz","Heller, Bert","Klemke, Werner","Kummert, Otto, 1936-"],"language_ssim":["German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1870,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:37.194Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_316_c775"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier, 1914","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis Maennerchor / Donnerstag Abend, den 31, December, 1914.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04","parent_ssim":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919","Series 4: Ephemera, 1905/1922","Programs: Concerts, plays, etc., 1914/1917"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04","viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier","title_ssm":["Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier"],"title_tesim":["Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier, 1914"],"text":["Zweites Konzert und Sylvester-Feier, 1914","Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919","Series 4: Ephemera, 1905/1922","Programs: Concerts, plays, etc., 1914/1917","Box 2","Folder 20","Indianapolis Maennerchor / Donnerstag Abend, den 31, December, 1914."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919","Series 4: Ephemera, 1905/1922","Programs: Concerts, plays, etc., 1914/1917"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919","Series 4: Ephemera, 1905/1922","Programs: Concerts, plays, etc., 1914/1917"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914 December 31"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":244,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919"],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 20"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1914],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis Maennerchor / Donnerstag Abend, den 31, December, 1914.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Indianapolis Maennerchor / Donnerstag Abend, den 31, December, 1914."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:19.325Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8668","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8668.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Thompson, Ruth Papers","title_ssm":["Ruth Thompson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Ruth Thompson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1905-1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1905-1919"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1905/1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919"],"text":["Ruth Thompson Papers, 1905/1919","Mss. Acc. 2012.292","/repositories/2/resources/8668","Indiana--Social life and customs--20th century","Massachusetts--Social life and customs","Teenagers--Massachusetts","Women--Diaries","Women--History--Massachusetts","World War, 1914-1918--United States","Young women--Diaries","Diaries","Scrapbooks","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Thompson and Elizabeth Hubbard Thompson, who by 1905 were residing in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Mr. Thompson was an invalid, taken care of at home, for at least six years before his death in December 1911.  Mrs. Thompson maintained their home, managed various properties they leased, engaged in an active social life, and occasionally sold homemade products such as fruit jellies and sewn novelties.\n\n Ruth had two older brothers, Harold Evert Thompson and Lyman Hubbard Thompson, both of whom attended Purdue University, married, and served in the military during World War I.\n\n In 1909 Ruth graduated from the Tudor Hall School for Girls in Indianapolis.  After waiting a year, she entered a two-year program for girls not planning to attend college, at Bradford Academy in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  She graduated in June 1912 and returned to her mother's home in Indianapolis.\n\n Ruth had an active social life in Indianapolis.  She visited and received friends, neighbors, and relatives.  She taught Sunday School, participated in educational and social clubs, and attended movies, plays, concerts, and lectures.  She had numerous male friends, a few of whom became persistent suitors.  She rejected all before expressing serious interest in Frank Richards.  Frank went off to war, however, and the papers in this collection do not reveal how that relationship developed or ended.\n\n Ruth traveled frequently to visit friends and relatives in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Kentucky.  She attended summer camps in Indiana and vacationed with her mother at lakeside resorts in Indiana and Michigan.  In 1912 and 1915 she and her mother traveled by train to California for extensive visits with relatives, including attendance at the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco.  Ruth visited friends in New England and New York over the holiday season of 1917/18, before joining her mother in Washington, DC, where her brothers were stationed temporarily.\n\n Ruth led the life of a young, unemployed woman until World War I, when she volunteered with the Red Cross before taking a job briefly with the rationing administration in Indianapolis.  The war ended, as did Ruth's job, in November 1918.  In the summer of 1920 she was on the staff of a girls' camp in Michigan, and that is the last these papers reveal about her.","Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Ruth Elizabeth Thompson was born on August 4, 1891.  Her parents were Evert M. Thompson and Elizabeth Hubbard Thompson, who by 1905 were residing in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Mr. Thompson was an invalid, taken care of at home, for at least six years before his death in December 1911.  Mrs. Thompson maintained their home, managed various properties they leased, engaged in an active social life, and occasionally sold homemade products such as fruit jellies and sewn novelties.","Ruth had two older brothers, Harold Evert Thompson and Lyman Hubbard Thompson, both of whom attended Purdue University, married, and served in the military during World War I.","In 1909 Ruth graduated from the Tudor Hall School for Girls in Indianapolis.  After waiting a year, she entered a two-year program for girls not planning to attend college, at Bradford Academy in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  She graduated in June 1912 and returned to her mother's home in Indianapolis.","Ruth had an active social life in Indianapolis.  She visited and received friends, neighbors, and relatives.  She taught Sunday School, participated in educational and social clubs, and attended movies, plays, concerts, and lectures.  She had numerous male friends, a few of whom became persistent suitors.  She rejected all before expressing serious interest in Frank Richards.  Frank went off to war, however, and the papers in this collection do not reveal how that relationship developed or ended.","Ruth traveled frequently to visit friends and relatives in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Kentucky.  She attended summer camps in Indiana and vacationed with her mother at lakeside resorts in Indiana and Michigan.  In 1912 and 1915 she and her mother traveled by train to California for extensive visits with relatives, including attendance at the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco.  Ruth visited friends in New England and New York over the holiday season of 1917/18, before joining her mother in Washington, DC, where her brothers were stationed temporarily.","Ruth led the life of a young, unemployed woman until World War I, when she volunteered with the Red Cross before taking a job briefly with the rationing administration in Indianapolis.  The war ended, as did Ruth's job, in November 1918.  In the summer of 1920 she was on the staff of a girls' camp in Michigan, and that is the last these papers reveal about her.","Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in August 2012.","Diaries, scrapbooks, and letters, circa 1905-1919, of Ruth Thompson of Indianapolis, Indiana. 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Thompson and Elizabeth Hubbard Thompson, who by 1905 were residing in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Mr. Thompson was an invalid, taken care of at home, for at least six years before his death in December 1911.  Mrs. Thompson maintained their home, managed various properties they leased, engaged in an active social life, and occasionally sold homemade products such as fruit jellies and sewn novelties.\n\n Ruth had two older brothers, Harold Evert Thompson and Lyman Hubbard Thompson, both of whom attended Purdue University, married, and served in the military during World War I.\n\n In 1909 Ruth graduated from the Tudor Hall School for Girls in Indianapolis.  After waiting a year, she entered a two-year program for girls not planning to attend college, at Bradford Academy in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  She graduated in June 1912 and returned to her mother's home in Indianapolis.\n\n Ruth had an active social life in Indianapolis.  She visited and received friends, neighbors, and relatives.  She taught Sunday School, participated in educational and social clubs, and attended movies, plays, concerts, and lectures.  She had numerous male friends, a few of whom became persistent suitors.  She rejected all before expressing serious interest in Frank Richards.  Frank went off to war, however, and the papers in this collection do not reveal how that relationship developed or ended.\n\n Ruth traveled frequently to visit friends and relatives in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Kentucky.  She attended summer camps in Indiana and vacationed with her mother at lakeside resorts in Indiana and Michigan.  In 1912 and 1915 she and her mother traveled by train to California for extensive visits with relatives, including attendance at the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco.  Ruth visited friends in New England and New York over the holiday season of 1917/18, before joining her mother in Washington, DC, where her brothers were stationed temporarily.\n\n Ruth led the life of a young, unemployed woman until World War I, when she volunteered with the Red Cross before taking a job briefly with the rationing administration in Indianapolis.  The war ended, as did Ruth's job, in November 1918.  In the summer of 1920 she was on the staff of a girls' camp in Michigan, and that is the last these papers reveal about her.\n\n \u003c/bioghist\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eFurther information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Ruth_Thompson\" title=\"Ruth Thompson\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRuth Elizabeth Thompson was born on August 4, 1891.  Her parents were Evert M. Thompson and Elizabeth Hubbard Thompson, who by 1905 were residing in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Mr. Thompson was an invalid, taken care of at home, for at least six years before his death in December 1911.  Mrs. Thompson maintained their home, managed various properties they leased, engaged in an active social life, and occasionally sold homemade products such as fruit jellies and sewn novelties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Ruth had two older brothers, Harold Evert Thompson and Lyman Hubbard Thompson, both of whom attended Purdue University, married, and served in the military during World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1909 Ruth graduated from the Tudor Hall School for Girls in Indianapolis.  After waiting a year, she entered a two-year program for girls not planning to attend college, at Bradford Academy in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  She graduated in June 1912 and returned to her mother's home in Indianapolis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Ruth had an active social life in Indianapolis.  She visited and received friends, neighbors, and relatives.  She taught Sunday School, participated in educational and social clubs, and attended movies, plays, concerts, and lectures.  She had numerous male friends, a few of whom became persistent suitors.  She rejected all before expressing serious interest in Frank Richards.  Frank went off to war, however, and the papers in this collection do not reveal how that relationship developed or ended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Ruth traveled frequently to visit friends and relatives in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Kentucky.  She attended summer camps in Indiana and vacationed with her mother at lakeside resorts in Indiana and Michigan.  In 1912 and 1915 she and her mother traveled by train to California for extensive visits with relatives, including attendance at the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco.  Ruth visited friends in New England and New York over the holiday season of 1917/18, before joining her mother in Washington, DC, where her brothers were stationed temporarily.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Ruth led the life of a young, unemployed woman until World War I, when she volunteered with the Red Cross before taking a job briefly with the rationing administration in Indianapolis.  The war ended, as did Ruth's job, in November 1918.  In the summer of 1920 she was on the staff of a girls' camp in Michigan, and that is the last these papers reveal about her.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical Information:","Administrative History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: .","Administrative History: Ruth Elizabeth Thompson was born on August 4, 1891.  Her parents were Evert M. 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Thompson and Elizabeth Hubbard Thompson, who by 1905 were residing in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Mr. Thompson was an invalid, taken care of at home, for at least six years before his death in December 1911.  Mrs. Thompson maintained their home, managed various properties they leased, engaged in an active social life, and occasionally sold homemade products such as fruit jellies and sewn novelties.","Ruth had two older brothers, Harold Evert Thompson and Lyman Hubbard Thompson, both of whom attended Purdue University, married, and served in the military during World War I.","In 1909 Ruth graduated from the Tudor Hall School for Girls in Indianapolis.  After waiting a year, she entered a two-year program for girls not planning to attend college, at Bradford Academy in Haverhill, Massachusetts.  She graduated in June 1912 and returned to her mother's home in Indianapolis.","Ruth had an active social life in Indianapolis.  She visited and received friends, neighbors, and relatives.  She taught Sunday School, participated in educational and social clubs, and attended movies, plays, concerts, and lectures.  She had numerous male friends, a few of whom became persistent suitors.  She rejected all before expressing serious interest in Frank Richards.  Frank went off to war, however, and the papers in this collection do not reveal how that relationship developed or ended.","Ruth traveled frequently to visit friends and relatives in Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Kentucky.  She attended summer camps in Indiana and vacationed with her mother at lakeside resorts in Indiana and Michigan.  In 1912 and 1915 she and her mother traveled by train to California for extensive visits with relatives, including attendance at the 1915 World's Fair in San Francisco.  Ruth visited friends in New England and New York over the holiday season of 1917/18, before joining her mother in Washington, DC, where her brothers were stationed temporarily.","Ruth led the life of a young, unemployed woman until World War I, when she volunteered with the Red Cross before taking a job briefly with the rationing administration in Indianapolis.  The war ended, as did Ruth's job, in November 1918.  In the summer of 1920 she was on the staff of a girls' camp in Michigan, and that is the last these papers reveal about her."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRuth Thompson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Ruth Thompson Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in August 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in August 2012."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDiaries, scrapbooks, and letters, circa 1905-1919, of Ruth Thompson of Indianapolis, Indiana. Includes scrapbooks and diaries of Thompson's time at the Bradford Academy, a women's boarding school in Haverhill, Massachusetts. There are also diaries from after Thompson's graduation, when she returned to Indianapolis. These include entries about World War I, including newspaper clippings of people from her area who were drafted. Finally, there are letters written to Thompson by various people.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Diaries, scrapbooks, and letters, circa 1905-1919, of Ruth Thompson of Indianapolis, Indiana. Includes scrapbooks and diaries of Thompson's time at the Bradford Academy, a women's boarding school in Haverhill, Massachusetts. There are also diaries from after Thompson's graduation, when she returned to Indianapolis. These include entries about World War I, including newspaper clippings of people from her area who were drafted. Finally, there are letters written to Thompson by various people."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Thompson, Ruth"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Thompson, Ruth"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:19.325Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8668_c04_c04_c04"}},{"id":"vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital, \" in Colonial Williamsburg, 1985.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63","ref_ssm":["vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63"],"id":"vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03031","_root_":"vi_vi03031","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03031_c15_c01","parent_ssi":"vi_vi03031_c15_c01","parent_ssim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006.","Subseries A. Articles and Pamphlets, 1844-2006."],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi03031","vi_vi03031_c15","vi_vi03031_c15_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital,\" in Colonial Williamsburg,  \n\t\t\t1985.","title_ssm":["Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital, \" in Colonial Williamsburg, 1985."],"title_tesim":["Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital, \" in Colonial Williamsburg, 1985."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital, \" in Colonial Williamsburg, 1985."],"text":["Zwelling, Shomer S., \"Inside the Public Hospital, \" in Colonial Williamsburg, 1985.","Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006.","Subseries A. Articles and Pamphlets, 1844-2006.","box 71","folder 25"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006.","Subseries A. Articles and Pamphlets, 1844-2006."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006.","Subseries A. Articles and Pamphlets, 1844-2006."],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1421,"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"containers_ssim":["box 71","folder 25"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"_nest_path_":"/components#14/components#0/components#62","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:30.362Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03031","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03031","_root_":"vi_vi03031","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03031","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03031.xml","title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"text":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009","23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)","40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders","As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.","Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003","\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.","Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.","Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.","Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"unitid_tesim":["23459; 31783; 44812; 45017; 53882 (and 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; 36652)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Eastern State Hospital"],"creator_ssim":["Eastern State Hospital"],"access_terms_ssm":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 23459 transferred by Mrs. Henry E. Davis, 17 October 1949.","Accession 31783 transferred by Wyolene S. Pointer, Medical Records Administrator, Eastern State Hospital, Drawer A, Williamsburg, Virginia, 27 May 1983.","Accession 44812 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 17 February 2010.","Accession 45017 transferred by Michelle L. Porter, Health Information Management Department, Eastern State Hospital, 4601 Ironbound Road, Williamsburg, Virginia, 3 June 2010.","Accession 53882 donated by Judi Barnett, 24 April 2023.","Accessions 36551; 36642; 36643; 36644; 36645; 36646; 36647; 36648; 36649; 36650; 36651; and 36652 (Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings), were accessioned individually as part of the Library of Virginia's General Architectural Files Collection."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["40.75 cu. ft. of paper records, 202 volumes, 42 oversize folders"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAs of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)). \u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eProtected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information.  \u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","Protected health information (PHI) as defined under the Privacy Regulations issued under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) includes, but is not limited to, personally identifiable information such as names, addresses, and social security numbers. Restricted material may include, but is not limited to: patient lists, patient admission registers, treatment registers and medical record files. Please contact Archives Research Services for further information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Most of the records comprising Series IV., Subseries D. Correspondence, Subject Files and Ledgers (Superintendent) can also be found on microfilm (Miscellaneous reels 4083-4085).  Please note that the original records have been reboxed since microfilming and the folder numbers no longer correspond to those on the film."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI. History Files, 1942-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XV. Publications, 1844-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Admission and Statistical Registers, 1808-1996\n        Series II. Buildings and Grounds Records, 1829-1996\n        Series III. Commitment Registers, 1911-1946\n        Series IV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1791-1997\n        Series V. Financial Registers, 1882-1974\n        Series VI. History Files, 1942-1999\n        Series VII. Inventory and Supply Registers, 1876-1976\n        Series VIII. Minutes, 1770-1989\n        Series IX. News Clippings and Summaries, 1964-2008\n        Series X. Newsletters, 1948-2008\n        Series XI. Papers, Speeches and Lectures, 1949-1985\n        Series XII. Patient and Medical Treatment Records, 1841-2009\n        Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1907-1988\n        Series XIV. Photographs, 1931-2007\n        Series XV. Publications, 1844-2006\n        Series XVI. Reports, 1842-1994\n        Series XVII. Rules, Regulations and Procedures, 1841-1979\n        Series XVIII. Scrapbooks, 1946-1991\n        Series XIX. Theses, Dissertations and Projects, 1949-2003"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBy the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eEastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"The Publick Hospital for Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds\" at Williamsburg was first proposed by Royal Governor Francis Fauquier in 1766.  A committee was authorized to prepare a bill to provide for the founding of the hospital, which it did in 1769.  In April 1770, architect Robert Smith was chosen to design the new hospital and an act formally establishing the hospital was passed by the General Assembly in June 1770.  Construction of the hospital building in the center of Williamsburg took several years.  The first patients were admitted in October 1773.  The first hospital employee appointed was the keeper, who was directed to call the visiting physician as needed because there was no resident doctor on staff. The first visiting physician at the hospital was Dr. John De Sequeyra.","The Galt family of Williamsburg worked closely with the hospital for much of the first 100 years of its existence.  The first keeper of the hospital was James Galt who was succeeded by William T. Galt in 1800.  Dickie Galt also served as keeper during the 1830s.  In 1841 Dr. John Minson Galt, II, was appointed the first hospital superintendent by an act of the General Assembly.  Additionally, Dr. Galt's grandfather, Dr. John Minson Galt, and also his father, Dr. Alexander D. Galt both served as visiting physicians prior to the establishment of the superintendent position.  Dr. Galt served as superintendent from 1841 until 1862 when the hospital was overtaken by Union forces during the Civil War. Dr. Galt died shortly after being forced to leave the hospital grounds.","Dr. John M. Galt, II introduced the concept of \"moral management\" to the Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Moral management (or \"moral therapy\") suggested that the roots of insanity might be emotional.  Providing kindness, an aesthetically pleasing and comfortable atmosphere, exercise, and organized social activity was believed to work better for treating mental diseases than other methods such as restraints and bleedings.  Dr. Galt also went against conventional beliefs when he applied for and received legislative consent to accept mentally ill slaves as patients to the hospital in 1846.  However, by 1869, racial segregation was reestablished with the creation of Central Lunatic Asylum (later Central State Hospital) now located near Petersburg, Virginia.","By the 1930s the population of the hospital had outgrown its cramped quarters in downtown Williamsburg.  With no room to expand, the hospital began construction on what would be called the Dunbar Extension.  The land was formally known as the Dunbar Plantation and was located about three miles west of the city.  Four buildings were erected in 1936, but construction plans were halted when the United States became involved in World War Two.  Construction resumed in 1947 and continued for the better part of the next two decades.  For many years patients were split between the two sites, but by the late 1970s all patients were housed at Dunbar.  Many of the original downtown hospital buildings were demolished in the 1960s, though a recreation of the first Public Hospital building, completed in 1985, can be found on the grounds of Colonial Williamsburg.","Eastern State Hospital experienced various name changes over the years.  Originally known as the Public Hospital, it also became known as Eastern Lunatic State Hospital and Eastern Lunatic Asylum.  Through an act of the General Asssemby in 1894, the current name of Eastern State Hospital was established."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of Eastern State Hospital, 1770-2009. [Cite specific accession number], State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Series II., Subseries B. Architectural and Engineering Plans and Drawings is an artificially-created series made up of individually accessioned drawings that are part of the General Architectural Files Collection.  The origin of these items is unknown, though they may have at one time been part of an early accession of Eastern State Hospital records.  The inclusion of these drawings in this finding aid is for ease of research use.","Researchers should also note that records belonging to Western State Hospital were found during the transfer of accession 44812 to the Library of Virginia.  The records include correspondence, contracts, agreements, buildings and grounds records and other miscellaneous documents pertaining to operation of the hospital.  According to records at Eastern State and Western State, these items were removed from the Western State archives in 1983 and used by researchers to accurately reconstruct the Public Hospital at Colonial Williamsburg.  The records were never returned to Western State and were eventually found in a basement at Eastern State in 1987.  The records were taken to the Eastern State archives where they were housed until the hospital transferred its historical records to the Library of Virginia.  The records will remain part of Eastern State Hospital accession 44812, but will not be featured in the contents list below.  A full description of these records can be found in the finding aid titled \"Records of Western State Hospital,\" under Series VI. Records Found at Eastern State Hospital, 1825-1918. The Western State finding aid is available on the Virginia Heritage Project website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains volumes and paper records dating from 1770 to 2009.  The earliest material in the collection is a Court of Directors minute book, 1770-1801, though the bulk of the collection dates from the mid-nineteenth century through the twentieth century.  A few sporadic records from 2000-2009 exist as well.  Included in the Eastern State records are admission registers, correspondence and subject files, architectural drawings and construction files, photographs, personnel records, newsletters, news clippings, scrapbooks, publications and reports, meeting minutes, patient treatment, and financial records.  Also found in this collection are many files created and maintained by Dr. John Minson Galt, II that include his essays on mental health and other topics. The records as a whole document the complex administrative and operational aspects of the hospital, and to a lesser extent, patient life at Eastern State."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Confidential or personally identifiable health information (PHI) less than 125 years of age that may be encountered during research will not be recorded, published, publicized, or re-disclosed to any other party for any purpose. Improper use and/or re-disclosure of privacy protected information is a breach of confidentiality which could result in the loss of access to the archival collections housed and maintained by The Library of Virginia, and could result in legal penalties (Code of Virginia, 18.2-186.3). Please see the \"Use Restrictions\" section of the finding aid for additional restriction information."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1655,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:30.362Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03031_c15_c01_c63"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Albemarle Charlottesville Historical Society","value":"Albemarle Charlottesville Historical Society","hits":212},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Albemarle+Charlottesville+Historical+Society\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":12849},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Arlington Public Library","value":"Arlington Public Library","hits":14399},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Arlington+Public+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Augusta County Historical Society","value":"Augusta County Historical Society","hits":601},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Augusta+County+Historical+Society\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bridgewater College","value":"Bridgewater College","hits":112},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Bridgewater+College\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Central Rappahannock Heritage Center","value":"Central Rappahannock Heritage Center","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Central+Rappahannock+Heritage+Center\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Charles City County Richard M. 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