{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=38\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=40\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=51\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":39,"next_page":40,"prev_page":38,"total_pages":51,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":380,"total_count":509,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vil_vil00018_c08_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c08_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c08_c15","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c08_c15"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c08_c15","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c08","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c08","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1904"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1904"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1904","Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Peery, Kent Eppa (Rockbridge County)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":172,"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#14","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c08_c15"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c02_c16","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c02_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c02_c16","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c02_c16"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c02_c16","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c02","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c02","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1898"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1898"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1898","Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pollard, W.T. (City of Lynchburg)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":36,"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#15","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c02_c16"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c11_c16","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c11_c16#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c11_c16","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c11_c16"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c11_c16","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c11","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c11","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c11"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907","Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Powell, Jr., J.L. (Spotsylvania County)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":273,"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#15","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c11_c16"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c07_c13","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c07_c13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c07_c13","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c07_c13"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c07_c13","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c07","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c07","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903","Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Powell, Samuel Peter (Spotsylvania County)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":149,"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#12","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c07_c13"}},{"id":"vil_vil00001_c09_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c09_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c09_c01","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00001_c09_c01"],"id":"vil_vil00001_c09_c01","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001_c09","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c09","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c09"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c09"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Justices' speeches,\n 1931-1975"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Justices' speeches,\n 1931-1975"],"text":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Justices' speeches,\n 1931-1975","Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29"],"title_filing_ssi":"Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29\n\t","title_ssm":["Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29\n\t"],"title_tesim":["Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Presentation of Chief Justice Hughes at the dinner tendered him by the Virginia State Bar Association and the Bar Association of the City of Richmond, at the Commonwealth Club, Richmond,  \n\t 1931 Sep. 29"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":118,"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00001","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00001.xml","title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028513\n"],"text":["00028513\n","Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond.","5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)","The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n","The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.","The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.","Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028513\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Clerk's office to the State Law Library in 2006.\n","Portions of the collection were found in other files after the collection was initially processed and interfiled or added in 2012 and 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court."],"names_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"corpname_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"persname_ssim":["Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":134,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c09_c01"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c07_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c07_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c07_c14","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c07_c14"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c07_c14","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c07","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c07","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1903","Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Price, Jr., William H. (Charlottesville)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":150,"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#13","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c07_c14"}},{"id":"vil_vil00001_c12_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c12_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c12_c02","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00001_c12_c02"],"id":"vil_vil00001_c12_c02","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001_c12","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c12","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c12"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Miscellaneous records, \n 1936-2005."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Miscellaneous records, \n 1936-2005."],"text":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Miscellaneous records, \n 1936-2005.","Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep.","2 items","box-folder 12-7"],"title_filing_ssi":"Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep. \n\t","title_ssm":["Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep. \n\t"],"title_tesim":["Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep. \n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Program, Conference of Chief Justices Visit Virginia, \n\t 1950 Sep."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":132,"containers_ssim":["box-folder 12-7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00001","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00001.xml","title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028513\n"],"text":["00028513\n","Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond.","5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)","The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n","The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.","The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.","Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028513\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Clerk's office to the State Law Library in 2006.\n","Portions of the collection were found in other files after the collection was initially processed and interfiled or added in 2012 and 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court."],"names_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"corpname_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"persname_ssim":["Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":134,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c12_c02"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c11_c17","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c11_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c11_c17","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c11_c17"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c11_c17","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c11","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c11","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c11"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for certification to take the written bar exam, \n 1907","Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)\n\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)\n\n\t\t"],"title_tesim":["Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)\n\n\t\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Purvis, Benjamin (Stafford County)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":274,"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#16","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909) \n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c11_c17"}},{"id":"vil_vil00001_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c01_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains recommendations and endorsements from bar associations for judges nominated to serve on the Special Court of Appeals: Judge A.T. Browning; Judge Douglas Dabney; Edward W. Hudgins; and Judge Howard W. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00001_c01_c02"],"id":"vil_vil00001_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001_c01","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00001_c01","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00001","vil_vil00001_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Special Court of Appeals records, \n 1924-1928"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Special Court of Appeals records, \n 1924-1928"],"text":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Special Court of Appeals records, \n 1924-1928","Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924","box 1-2","This folder contains recommendations and endorsements from bar associations for judges nominated to serve on the Special Court of Appeals: Judge A.T. Browning; Judge Douglas Dabney; Edward W. Hudgins; and Judge Howard W. Smith."],"title_filing_ssi":"Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924\n\t","title_ssm":["Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924\n\t"],"title_tesim":["Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Recommendations and endorsements,\n\t 1924"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3,"containers_ssim":["box 1-2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains recommendations and endorsements from bar associations for judges nominated to serve on the Special Court of Appeals: Judge A.T. Browning; Judge Douglas Dabney; Edward W. Hudgins; and Judge Howard W. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This folder contains recommendations and endorsements from bar associations for judges nominated to serve on the Special Court of Appeals: Judge A.T. Browning; Judge Douglas Dabney; Edward W. Hudgins; and Judge Howard W. Smith."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00001","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00001","_root_":"vil_vil00001","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00001","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00001.xml","title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028513\n"],"text":["00028513\n","Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond.","5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)","The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n","The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.","The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.","Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028513\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Clerk's office to the State Law Library in 2006.\n","Portions of the collection were found in other files after the collection was initially processed and interfiled or added in 2012 and 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Clerks of court -- Virginia.","Court administration -- Virginia.","Court rules -- Virginia.","Courts -- Virginia.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- Portraits.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Judicial process -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Martinsville Seven Trial Martinsville, Va., 1949.","Booklets -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Building plans -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Ceremonies -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Dedications (ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Invitations -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Memorandums -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Oaths -- Virginia.","Obituaries -- Virginia.","Portraits -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Presentations (cultural ceremonies) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Resolutions (administrative records) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Souvenir programs -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Staunton.","Special libraries (institutions) -- Virginia -- Wytheville.","Speeches -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Transcripts -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5.8 cu. ft. (13 boxes)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into the following series: Special Court of Appeals records, 1924-1928; Judicial Council correspondence, 1930-1935; 1946; clerk's correspondence with justices, 1917-2005; clerk's general correspondence, 1929-1981; subject files documenting court ceremonies (investitutures, portrait presentations, memorials), anniversaries,  and building dedications, 1925-2006; justices' speeches, 1931-1975; court publications, 1983; clippings, 1972; and miscellaneous records, 1936-2005.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Its jurisdiction was primarily appellate, and its members were elected by the legislature.\nThe Constitution of 1870 required that annual sessions be held away from Richmond in the localities of Wytheville, Staunton, and Winchester. This mandate from the days of horse and buggy travel continued into the twentieth century, with sessions being held in Staunton as late as September, 1970.","By Constitutional amendment in 1928, the number of justices was increased from five to seven and the title of the presiding officer of the Court was changed from President to Chief Justice. At the same time, the amendment significantly increased the power given the Supreme Court by permitting the Court to prescribe forms and to regulate the practice of Virginia's courts. The Constitution of 1971 changed the name of the Court to its present title of Supreme Court of Virginia.","Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed. Virginia does not allow an appeal to the Supreme Court as a matter of right except in cases involving the State Corporation Commission, certain disciplinary actions against an attorney, and review of\nthe death penalty.","The Court's original jurisdiction is limited to cases of habeas corpus (ordering one holding custody to produce the detained person before the Court for the purpose of determining whether such custody is proper), mandamus (ordering the holder of an office to perform his duty), prohibition (ordering a public\nofficial to stop an action), and actual innocence (based on biological testing). The Supreme Court also has\noriginal jurisdiction in matters filed by the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission relating to judicial\ncensure and retirement, and removal of judges.\n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","Maury B. Watts was appointed Clerk in 1933 and served until his death in 1952. Howard G. Turner served from 1952 to 1977, Allen L. Lucy from 1977 to 1984, and David B. Beach from 1984 to 2003. Patricia Harrington was appointed in 2003.  \n","The Special Court of Appeals was established by the General Assembly to relieve congestion of the high court docket by adjudicating cases assigned to it by the state Supreme Court.  It met from 1924 to 1928.","The Judicial Council was established by the General Assembly in 1928.  It was relatively inactive between 1936 and 1947, when Chief Justice Hudgins revitalized it."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence files of the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, documenting the Clerk's role in managing the records of the Court, maintaining communication with justices in their offices across the state, and managing administrative issues, especially during the period 1933 to 1952.  The collection also contains records documenting the ceremonial history of the court."],"names_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"corpname_ssim":["Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","Judicial Council of Virginia.","Richmond Association of Attorneys' Wives (Richmond, Va.).","Virginia. Art Commission.","Virginia. Court of Appeals.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Organization of the Bar.","Virginia State Bar Association. Committee on Portraits.","Virginia. Supreme Court. History. 20th century.","Virginia. Special Court of Appeals.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"persname_ssim":["Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","Archer, Margaret.","Beach, David Bernard.","Brown, John, 1830-1901.","Browning, George Landon, 1867-1947.","Buchanan, Archibald Chapman, 1890-1979.","Burks, Martin Parks, 1851-1928.","Butts, William Davis.","Campbell, Preston White, 1874-1946.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-.","Carrington, Paul, 1733-1818.","Carrington, Wirt Johnton Turner, 1845-1928.","Chichester, R.H.L. (Richard Henry Lee), 1870-1930.","Chinn, Joseph William, 1866-1936.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Compton, A. Christian (Asbury Christian), 1929-2006.","Crump, Beverly, b. 1854.","Eggleston, John William, 1886-1976.","Epes, Louis Spencer, 1882-1935.","Fox, Leo.","Gordon, Thomas Christian, 1915-2003.","Gregory, Herbert Bailey, 1884-1951.","Hade, Karl Robert.","Harman, Alexander Marrs, 1921-1996.","Harrington, Patricia Leas.","Harrison, Albertis Sydney, 1907-1995.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","Holt, Henry Winston, 1864-1947.","Hudgins, Edward Wren, 1882-1958.","Hunton, Eppa, 1855-1932.","I'Anson, L. Warren (Lawrence Warren), 1907-1990.","Keenan, Barbara Milano, 1950-.","Keith, James, 1839-1918.","Kinser, Cynthia D. (Cynthia Diana Fannon), 1951-.","Koontz, Lawrence Larkins, 1940-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Lemons, Donald W., 1949-.","Lucy, Allen L.","Mercer, James, 1736-1793.","Miller, Willis Dance, 1893-1960.","Moncure, William A., 1863-1947.","Nurnberger, Robert.","Ozlin, Thomas W.","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","Powell, Lewis F., 1908-1998.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Russell, Charles Stevens, 1926-.","Sims, Frederick Wilmer, 1862-1925.","Smales, W.W.","Smith, Alfred C.","Smith, Charles Henry.","Smith, Lemuel Franklin, 1890-1956.","Smith, W. Worth.","Snead, Harold Fleming, 1903-1987.","Spratley, Claude Vernon, 1936-1967.","Staples, Abram P. (Abram Penn), 1885-1951.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011.","Thomas, John Charles, 1950-.","Thompson, W. Carrington (William Carrington), 1915-2011.","Taylor, George, active 1785-1810.","Tucker, St. George, 1752-1827.","Turner, Howard G., 1910-1992.","Watts, Maury B., 1879-1952.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","Whittle, Kennon Caithness, 1891-1967.","Whittle, Stafford Gorman, 1849-1931."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":134,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:38.949Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00001_c01_c02"}},{"id":"vil_vil00016","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00016#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00016#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCommission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00016#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00016","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00016","_root_":"vil_vil00016","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00016","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00016.xml","title_ssm":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)\n"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00030217\n"],"text":["00030217\n","Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)","Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia.","0.35 cu. ft. (1 box)","By authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)","The Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions.","Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n","Includes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. ","New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902).","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00030217\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, in 2007.  Robert Prentis, President of the Court of Appeals of Virginia, was chairman of the commission.     \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["By authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)","The Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n","Includes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. "],"names_ssim":["New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902).","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert."],"corpname_ssim":["New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902)."],"persname_ssim":["Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:35.427Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00016","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00016","_root_":"vil_vil00016","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00016","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00016.xml","title_ssm":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)\n"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00030217\n"],"text":["00030217\n","Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)","Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia.","0.35 cu. ft. (1 box)","By authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)","The Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions.","Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n","Includes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. ","New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902).","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00030217\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution,     \n 1922-1936 (bulk 1926-1927)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk, Supreme Court of Virginia, in 2007.  Robert Prentis, President of the Court of Appeals of Virginia, was chairman of the commission.     \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Finance, Public -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond. ","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","Pamphlets -- Virginia.","Press releases -- Virginia.","Reports -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["By authority of an act approved March 25, 1926, Governor Harry Byrd appointed a commission of seven members (Robert R. Prentis, President, Supreme Court of Appeals), R. Gray Williams, of Winchester; William Minor Lile, Dean of the University of Virginia Law School, Robert M. Hughes, of Norfolk; Joseph H. Chitwood, of Roanoke, former Governor Henry C. Stuart, and William Meade Fletcher, of Sperryville, to a commission to suggest changes in the Virginia Constitution. The commission was \"charged with the duty of studying the constitution of Virginia and proposing in detail such revisions of the same as in the opinion of the commission will be for the best interests of the commonwealth.\" The suggested amendments, approved by the General Assembly, reduced the number of statewide elected officials from eight to three (what became known as the short ballot), and \"revised the state tax system by implementing a system of tax segregation that gave localities the power to tax real estate and personal property while leaving the income tax available to the state.\" (Encyclopedia Virginia article on Harry F. Byrd, viewed July 30, 2012.)","The Bureau of Municipal Research was a citizens committee headed by William T. Reed, friend and mentor of Harry F. Byrd. The General Assembly authorized the bureau to survey Virginia government and recommend reductions."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution records documenting the work of the commission from 1926-1927. Contains meeting minutes, correspondence, reports, press release, suggested amendments, drafts, notes, a transcript of public hearing about proposed amendments, a pamphlet summarizing a survey, initiated by the Office of the Governor, of county and city government in other states; newspaper clippings, and two speeches. Contains correspondence between Chief Justice Robert Prentis, Chair of the Commission, and Governor Harry F. Byrd, and with Congressmen R. Walton Moore (8th District), commission member Robert M. Hughes, as well as letters from lawyers, state officials and delegates, commenting on proposed amendments. Also contains correspondence pertaining to press relations and public hearings, printed reports of the commission and drafting committee, a statement from Robert Tunstall, 1926; and a report, \"Organization and Management of the State Government of Virginia: Report on a Survey made for the Governor and his Committee on Consolidation and Simplification,\" issued by the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, January 1927.      \n","Includes correspondence between University of Virginia president Edwin A. Alderman and Judge Prentis in which Alderman describes his concerns about Section 184 of the Constitution, which prohibited public borrowing for improvements; a memo from Governor Byrd to the members of the commission enclosing recommendations of the New York Bureau of Municipal Research for changes to the constitution, 1927 Jan. 18; and a letter recommending contemporary scientific research on race to the commission. "],"names_ssim":["New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902).","Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert."],"corpname_ssim":["New York Bureau of Municipal Research.","Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.","Virginia. Constitution (1902)."],"persname_ssim":["Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966.","Hughes, Robert M. (Robert Morton), b. 1855.","Lile, William Minor, 1893-1932.","Moore, R. Walton (Robert Walton), 1859-1941.","Prentis, Robert Riddick, 1855-1931.","Tunstall, Robert."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:31:35.427Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00016"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia","value":"Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia","hits":509},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Assistant Executive Secretary Records,      \n 1961-1985","value":"Assistant Executive Secretary Records,      \n 1961-1985","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Assistant+Executive+Secretary+Records%2C++++++%0A+1961-1985\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Audio recordings of court ceremonies\n 1969-2005","value":"Audio recordings of court ceremonies\n 1969-2005","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Audio+recordings+of+court+ceremonies%0A+1969-2005\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n 2007-2010","value":"Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n 2007-2010","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Chief+Justice+Leroy+Hassell%27s+Annual+State+of+the+Judiciary+Messages%2C+++++++%0A+2007-2010\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Circuit Court Judges Benchbook Committee Records,  \n 1977; 1984-2011","value":"Circuit Court Judges Benchbook Committee Records,  \n 1977; 1984-2011","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Circuit+Court+Judges+Benchbook+Committee+Records%2C++%0A+1977%3B+1984-2011\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","value":"Clerk's Correspondence and other Records,\n 1918-2006","hits":135},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Clerk%27s+Correspondence+and+other+Records%2C%0A+1918-2006\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colombian College v. Clopton's Administrators, etc., legal correspondence,    \n 1842-1851","value":"Colombian College v. Clopton's Administrators, etc., legal correspondence,    \n 1842-1851","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Colombian+College+v.+Clopton%27s+Administrators%2C+etc.%2C+legal+correspondence%2C++++%0A+1842-1851\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Committee on District Courts Records,       \n 1965-2011 (bulk 1973-1974)","value":"Committee on District Courts Records,       \n 1965-2011 (bulk 1973-1974)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Committee+on+District+Courts+Records%2C+++++++%0A+1965-2011+%28bulk+1973-1974%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Commonwealth of Virginia v. John Allen Muhammad Case File,     \n 2002-2004","value":"Commonwealth of Virginia v. John Allen Muhammad Case File,     \n 2002-2004","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Commonwealth+of+Virginia+v.+John+Allen+Muhammad+Case+File%2C+++++%0A+2002-2004\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Court of Appeals of Virginia Oral History Interviews,   \n 2009-2015","value":"Court of Appeals of Virginia Oral History Interviews,   \n 2009-2015","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Court+of+Appeals+of+Virginia+Oral+History+Interviews%2C+++%0A+2009-2015\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Judge Philip Trompeter Oral History Interview,   \n 2009","value":"Judge Philip Trompeter Oral History Interview,   \n 2009","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Judge+Philip+Trompeter+Oral+History+Interview%2C+++%0A+2009\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Judge Thomas T. Faunterloy Letters to James B. Dorman,  \n 1895-1900","value":"Judge Thomas T. Faunterloy Letters to James B. Dorman,  \n 1895-1900","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Judge+Thomas+T.+Faunterloy+Letters+to+James+B.+Dorman%2C++%0A+1895-1900\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n","value":"Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Compton%2C+Asbury+Christian%2C+1974-2006%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fauntleroy, Thomas T., 1823-1906.\n","value":"Fauntleroy, Thomas T., 1823-1906.\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Fauntleroy%2C+Thomas+T.%2C+1823-1906.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n","value":"Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Poff%2C+Richard+Harding%2C+1923-2011%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n","value":"Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Stephenson%2C+Roscoe+Bolar%2C+1922-2011%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Supreme Court of Virginia Archives\n","value":"Supreme Court of Virginia Archives\n","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Supreme+Court+of+Virginia+Archives%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission.\n","value":"Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission.\n","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Supreme+Court+of+Virginia+Historical+Commission.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Terry, Abner Wentworth Clopton (1815-1851)\n","value":"Terry, Abner Wentworth Clopton (1815-1851)\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Terry%2C+Abner+Wentworth+Clopton+%281815-1851%29%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia State Law Library.  \n","value":"Virginia State Law Library.  \n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library.++%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia. Circuit Court Judges Benchbook Committee.","value":"Virginia. Circuit Court Judges Benchbook Committee.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Virginia.+Circuit+Court+Judges+Benchbook+Committee.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n","value":"Virginia. Commission to Suggest Changes in the Virginia Constitution.  \n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Virginia.+Commission+to+Suggest+Changes+in+the+Virginia+Constitution.++%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia. Committee on District Courts.  \n","value":"Virginia. Committee on District Courts.  \n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Virginia.+Committee+on+District+Courts.++%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","value":"Agee, G. Steven (George Steven), 1952-.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Agee%2C+G.+Steven+%28George+Steven%29%2C+1952-.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agee, G. Steven.","value":"Agee, G. Steven.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Agee%2C+G.+Steven.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","value":"Alderman, Edwin Anderson, 1861-1931.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alderman%2C+Edwin+Anderson%2C+1861-1931.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","value":"Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alleghany+County+%28Va.%29+Commonwealth%27s+Attorney.+\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alper, Joanne F.","value":"Alper, Joanne F.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alper%2C+Joanne+F.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Annunziata, Rosemarie Petitti, 1940-.","value":"Annunziata, Rosemarie Petitti, 1940-.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Annunziata%2C+Rosemarie+Petitti%2C+1940-.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","value":"Appeals Press (Richmond, Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Appeals+Press+%28Richmond%2C+Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Archer, Margaret.","value":"Archer, Margaret.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Archer%2C+Margaret.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Baldwin, Robert N.","value":"Baldwin, Robert N.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Baldwin%2C+Robert+N.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Beach, David Bernard.","value":"Beach, David Bernard.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Beach%2C+David+Bernard.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bennett, Hubert D.","value":"Bennett, Hubert D.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Bennett%2C+Hubert+D.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Barton Heights (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Barton Heights (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Barton+Heights+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Birmingham (Al.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Birmingham (Al.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Birmingham+%28Al.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Norfolk+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Roanoke (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Roanoke (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Roanoke+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","value":"Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+Politics+and+government+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century.","value":"Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+--+Politics+and+government+--+21st+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"African American civil rights workers -- Interviews.","value":"African American civil rights workers -- Interviews.","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+civil+rights+workers+--+Interviews.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American judges  -- Biographies.","value":"African American judges  -- Biographies.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+judges++--+Biographies.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American judges -- Interviews.","value":"African American judges -- Interviews.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+judges+--+Interviews.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American judges.","value":"African American judges.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+judges.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American lawyers -- Interviews.","value":"African American lawyers -- Interviews.","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+lawyers+--+Interviews.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","value":"Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Alleghany+County+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+World+War%2C+1914-1918.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Articles.","value":"Articles.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Articles.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","value":"Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Audiocassettes+--+Virginia+--+Richmond.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Audiocassettes.","value":"Audiocassettes.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Audiocassettes.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Baptists -- clergy -- Virginia -- Charlotte County.","value":"Baptists -- clergy -- Virginia -- Charlotte County.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Baptists+--+clergy+--+Virginia+--+Charlotte+County.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Black and white transparencies.","value":"Black and white transparencies.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Black+and+white+transparencies.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":351},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subseries","value":"Subseries","hits":88},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+Law+Library%2C+Supreme+Court+of+Virginia\u0026page=39\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}}]}