{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=6409","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=6408","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=6410","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=6414"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":6409,"next_page":6410,"prev_page":6408,"total_pages":6414,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":64080,"total_count":64137,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop, 1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236","vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop","title_ssm":["Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop"],"title_tesim":["Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop, 1919"],"text":["Workers in a Shoe Repair Shop, 1919","Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01","box 01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":6,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"containers_ssim":["box 01"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1919],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|2f35aab8-bf27-4766-8fae-8567e13d6b5f/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorkers in a Shoe Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["Workers in a Shoe Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_236.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/236   ","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk 1919","title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"text":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Businesses--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.","Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.","This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","A portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder.","ODU Community Collections","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of David E. 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Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_69880ae0e722bdba24a77f1abfd83cea\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":48,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c05"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c24","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Workers in a Shoe Store, 1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c24#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c24","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c24"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c24","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236","vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Workers in a Shoe Store","title_ssm":["Workers in a Shoe Store"],"title_tesim":["Workers in a Shoe Store"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Workers in a Shoe Store, 1919"],"text":["Workers in a Shoe Store, 1919","Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01","box 01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":25,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"containers_ssim":["box 01"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1919],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|89f26560-eff8-4044-b905-fa686389d782/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorkers in a Shoe Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["Workers in a Shoe Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#23","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_236.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/236   ","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk 1919","title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"text":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Businesses--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. 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East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.","Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.","This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. 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Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. 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The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_69880ae0e722bdba24a77f1abfd83cea\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. 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The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.","Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.","This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. 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Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. 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This study is located in the collection's control folder."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":48,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c45"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Workers in a Women's Clothing Store, 1919","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01","parent_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_236","vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Workers in a Women's Clothing Store","title_ssm":["Workers in a Women's Clothing Store"],"title_tesim":["Workers in a Women's Clothing Store"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Workers in a Women's Clothing Store, 1919"],"text":["Workers in a Women's Clothing Store, 1919","Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01","box 01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","Box 01"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":45,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"containers_ssim":["box 01"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1919],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|5b08869b-ca21-438a-982d-90e155b01e6a/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorkers in a Women's Clothing Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["Workers in a Women's Clothing Store, 1919 November, Box 1, Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#43","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_236","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_236.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/236   ","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk 1919","title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1919 November","Date acquired: 11/21/1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"text":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919","MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Businesses--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. 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East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.","Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.","This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","A portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder.","ODU Community Collections","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, 1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 69","/repositories/5/resources/236"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of David E. Johnson, Associate Professor of History","Gift. Accession #A88-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Businesses--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Businesses--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Linear Feet","1 photograph box boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Linear Feet","1 photograph box boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1919,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The photographs presented here show some of the people and businesses of Norfolk, Virginia about one year after war ended on the western front in 1918. The anonymous photographer was clearly interested in certain kinds of businesses as the pictures feature scenes that other observers tended to miss. Rather than portraying the political leaders and the finest homes in Norfolk, the unknown photographer depicted small shop owners and employees, along with a few of their customers. The folks portrayed in this fashion look reasonably normal, but neither the nation nor Norfolk were experiencing normal times when the pictures were taken.\nThe Norfolk of 1919 differed considerably from the city of the 1980s. Then, as now, there were distinct districts within the city, but these varied drastically from any current configuration. Between Water Street (now Waterside Drive) and the river were warehouses amid steamship and railroad terminals. Main Street presented an appearance entirely different from that of today. East Main Street, which commenced at Granby and ended at the large Union Station featured dozens of small shops, many of which appear in the collection of photographs. The eleven or twelve blocks contained some brothels for which this part of the city became notorious, but in 1919 it also held at least twelve lunch counters or restaurants, an equal number of tailor shops or garment makers, several groceries, shoe stores, and emporiums of various descriptions.\nOf the handful of photographs that have been identified, all were taken of the small businesses on East Main or nearby streets. The Boston Cafe, managed by Hop Sing and Joe Eng, stood at 711 East Main while the New York Lunch Room was located just a few doors down across the street, at 728. Demetrious Feleros, the proprietor of the latter establishment, may be the fellow standing behind the lunch counter at the New York Lunch Room. The address on one of the menus, 1115 East Main, confirms the presence of the Olympic Restaurant in the collection while the Maryland Fruit Store and Cleopatra's can be identified by the signs on their store fronts. The local directory fails to confirm the existence of these places in Norfolk or Portsmouth, but Cleopatra's neighbor, Brown's which sold breakfasts, stood near the ferry slip. Many of these establishments appear quite tiny and of questionable longevity."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Due to the fragile nature of the photographs, researchers are encouraged to use the online images in the Old Dominion Univeristy Libraries Digital Collections."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk 1919 Photograph Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_52304204-52c4-424e-bae7-e088603d9fad/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a portfolio of 46 prints, each were contact printed from the original 6.5\" X 8.5\" glass plate negative. These photographs were taken in November of 1919 by an anonymous photographer. Most of the businesses depicted in the photographs appear to have been located in the area of East Main Street between Commercial Place and Union Station in Norfolk. The collection has been digitized and is available in the Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_69880ae0e722bdba24a77f1abfd83cea\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A portfolio of 46 prints that depict small shop owners and employees of businesses in Norfolk, Virginia in 1919. Also, includes a study written by Dr. Peter Stewart, an Old Dominion University History Professor and local historian, that examines what Norfolk was like in 1919. This study is located in the collection's control folder."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":48,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_236_c01_c44"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19"],"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01","parent_ssim":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009","Series VII: Videos and Recordings, 1958/2005","Sub-Series 3: CDs, 1986/2005","Box 34"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_2_resources_50","vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07","vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03","vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)","title_ssm":["Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)"],"title_tesim":["Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)"],"text":["Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time)","Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009","Series VII: Videos and Recordings, 1958/2005","Sub-Series 3: CDs, 1986/2005","Box 34","box 34"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009","Series VII: Videos and Recordings, 1958/2005","Sub-Series 3: CDs, 1986/2005","Box 34"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009","Series VII: Videos and Recordings, 1958/2005","Sub-Series 3: CDs, 1986/2005","Box 34"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":480,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009"],"containers_ssim":["box 34"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorks by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time), undated, Box 34, Allan Blank Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["Works by Allan Blank and Margaret Brouwer (Links; Moments in Time), undated, Box 34, Allan Blank Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#2/components#0/components#18","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:05.984Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_50","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_2_resources_50.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/2/resources/50","title_filing_ssi":"Blank, Allan","title_ssm":["Allan Blank Papers"],"title_tesim":["Allan Blank Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1958-2009, undated","Date acquired: 00/00/1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1958-2009, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1958/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009"],"text":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009","DCR MG 5","/repositories/2/resources/50","Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)","Richmond (Va.)","Vocal Music--20th century","Music--United States--20th century","Opera--Juvenile","Operas","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additions were made in 2000, 2009, and 2010.","This collection has been organized into seven series: Series I: Original Compositions; Series II: Sketches and Sketchbooks; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Programs; Series V: Publicity; Series VI: Personal and Professional Reference Materials; and Series VII: Videos and Recordings.","Original reel to reel recordings are not available for use.","The collection was processed by Jessica Mirasol in 2010.","The Allan Blank Papers consist primarily of scores (mainly in manuscript and facsimile formats) and materials related directly to his significant compositions and published materials, including programs, reviews and recordings. His compositions encompass a wide range of instrumentation and format. His works include pieces for a solo instrument, full orchestra, chamber ensemble, voice, music for children, and opera. Materials in this collection also document some of Mr. Blank's personal and professional interests.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association","Blank, Allan (1925-2013)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Allan Blank Papers, 1958/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["DCR MG 5","/repositories/2/resources/50"],"unitid_tesim":["DCR MG 5","/repositories/2/resources/50"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)","Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)","Richmond (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)","Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"creator_ssim":["Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association"],"creators_ssim":["Blank, Allan (1925-2013)","ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Allan Blank","Gift"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Vocal Music--20th century","Music--United States--20th century","Opera--Juvenile","Operas"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Vocal Music--20th century","Music--United States--20th century","Opera--Juvenile","Operas"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["62.30 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["62.30 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions were made in 2000, 2009, and 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions were made in 2000, 2009, and 2010."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into seven series: Series I: Original Compositions; Series II: Sketches and Sketchbooks; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Programs; Series V: Publicity; Series VI: Personal and Professional Reference Materials; and Series VII: Videos and Recordings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into seven series: Series I: Original Compositions; Series II: Sketches and Sketchbooks; Series III: Correspondence; Series IV: Programs; Series V: Publicity; Series VI: Personal and Professional Reference Materials; and Series VII: Videos and Recordings."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal reel to reel recordings are not available for use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Original reel to reel recordings are not available for use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Allan Blank Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Allan Blank Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed by Jessica Mirasol in 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed by Jessica Mirasol in 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Allan Blank Papers consist primarily of scores (mainly in manuscript and facsimile formats) and materials related directly to his significant compositions and published materials, including programs, reviews and recordings. His compositions encompass a wide range of instrumentation and format. His works include pieces for a solo instrument, full orchestra, chamber ensemble, voice, music for children, and opera. Materials in this collection also document some of Mr. Blank's personal and professional interests.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Allan Blank Papers consist primarily of scores (mainly in manuscript and facsimile formats) and materials related directly to his significant compositions and published materials, including programs, reviews and recordings. His compositions encompass a wide range of instrumentation and format. His works include pieces for a solo instrument, full orchestra, chamber ensemble, voice, music for children, and opera. Materials in this collection also document some of Mr. Blank's personal and professional interests."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association"],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association","Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"persname_ssim":["Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Old Dominion University","American String Teachers Association","Association for the Promotion of New Music","National Endowment for the Arts","Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra","Virginia Commission on the Arts","Virginia Commonwealth University","Virginia Music Educators Association","Blank, Allan (1925-2013)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":752,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:05.984Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_50_c07_c03_c01_c19"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_108#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_108#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Contains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_108#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_108.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/108","title_filing_ssi":"World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads","title_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records"],"title_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1960-2009, undated","Date acquired: 03/20/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1960-2009, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/20/2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"text":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008","MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108","Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy","Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additions arrived in 2002 and 2004.","The collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s.","The World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.","Note written by Mel Frizzell","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website","The collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence.","ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"collection_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"creator_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creator_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lesley Fort, Executive Director","Gift. Accession #A99-2"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.00 Linear Feet","44 Hollinger document cases and 2 half Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["21.00 Linear Feet","44 Hollinger document cases and 2 half Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions arrived in 2002 and 2004.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions arrived in 2002 and 2004."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Mel Frizzell\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.","Note written by Mel Frizzell"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.hrwac.org/\"\u003eWorld Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_610890a72f55520c80f929ce4b9fe68d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"names_coll_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":953,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_108","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_108.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/108","title_filing_ssi":"World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads","title_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records"],"title_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1960-2009, undated","Date acquired: 03/20/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1960-2009, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/20/2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"text":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008","MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108","Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy","Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Additions arrived in 2002 and 2004.","The collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s.","The World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.","Note written by Mel Frizzell","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website","The collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Contains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence.","ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"collection_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Records, 1960/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 65","/repositories/5/resources/108"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Intellectual life--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Intellectual life--20th century","United States--Politics and government--20th century","United States--Foreign policy"],"creator_ssm":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creator_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"creators_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lesley Fort, Executive Director","Gift. Accession #A99-2"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Lectures and lecturing--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.00 Linear Feet","44 Hollinger document cases and 2 half Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["21.00 Linear Feet","44 Hollinger document cases and 2 half Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditions arrived in 2002 and 2004.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Additions arrived in 2002 and 2004."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is broken down into the following series: Series I: 1960s; Series II: 1970s; Series III: 1980s; Series IV: 1990s; and Series V: 2000s."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Mel Frizzell\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads is a non-profit educational organization furnishing community services and programs unduplicated by other agencies in the area. The purpose of the WAC is to promote education, study, discussion, and understanding of world affairs, including all aspects of relations among peoples of the world, and of United States' foreign policy.\nThe foundations of the World Affairs Council (WAC) of Greater Hampton Roads were established by the Norfolk Chamber of Commerce, which sponsored the Norfolk Regional Foreign Policy Conference with the Department of State. This conference, held on November 21-22, 1968, attracted 450 business and government leaders from Virginia and North Carolina and 400 Virginia college students.\nBeginning in January 1969, the Chamber sponsored a World Affairs Program Series in order to measure interest in the formation of World Affairs Council. As a result of the World Affairs Program Series, a nucleus of 150 persons, representing most of Hampton Road' cities, were identified as supporters for the establishment of a World Affairs Council.\nThis group elected a temporary executive committee and charged them with establishing WAC. After a series of public sessions to provide a guideline for the programming and activities of the Council, a charter was submitted to the State Corporation Commission and was validated on May 8, 1969.","Note written by Mel Frizzell"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.hrwac.org/\"\u003eWorld Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads Website"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains organizational and business related material, event flyers and programs, membership information, correspondence, and some photos related to the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads. Items related to sister and parent organizations, including correspondence and event materials, are also included."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_610890a72f55520c80f929ce4b9fe68d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eContains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Contains the administrative records of the World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads, a non-profit organization that promotes an interest in international affairs. The collection includes business papers, information on programs put on by the group, meeting minutes, photos, and correspondence."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"names_coll_ssim":["World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","World Affairs Council of Greater Hampton Roads"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":953,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:21.092Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_108"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"World Map, National Geographic Society, 1951","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01","parent_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_140","vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14","vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"World Map, National Geographic Society","title_ssm":["World Map, National Geographic Society"],"title_tesim":["World Map, National Geographic Society"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World Map, National Geographic Society, 1951"],"text":["World Map, National Geographic Society, 1951","Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1951"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1546,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"containers_ssim":["Oversize Box 38"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1951],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorld Map, National Geographic Society, 1951, Oversize Box 38, Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["World Map, National Geographic Society, 1951, Oversize Box 38, Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#0/components#19","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_140.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/140","title_filing_ssi":"Ansel, Walter C.","title_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers"],"title_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1917-1974, undated","Date acquired: 04/25/1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1917-1974, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/25/1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"text":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140","World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Second accession: June 26,1978","The collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Walter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.","Walter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.","At the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.","Returning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.","Admiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.","Ansel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.","The research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.","Note written by John Michael Leeds, Jr.","Finding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001.","The papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Collection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, Hitler Confronts England and Hitler and the Middle Sea. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German.","ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy","Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)","English\n      German"],"collection_title_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"collection_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"creators_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)","ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Willits Ansel","Gift. Accession #A78-26"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.60 Linear Feet","37 Hollinger document cases, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["16.60 Linear Feet","37 Hollinger document cases, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSecond accession: June 26,1978\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Second accession: June 26,1978"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReturning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdmiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnsel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by John Michael Leeds, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.","Walter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.","At the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.","Returning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.","Admiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.","Ansel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.","The research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.","Note written by John Michael Leeds, Jr."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFinding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Finding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9e8cd18a55935469b5ef9138f94970ec\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHitler Confronts England\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHitler and the Middle Sea\u003c/emph\u003e. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, Hitler Confronts England and Hitler and the Middle Sea. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Navy"],"persname_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy","Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"language_ssim":["English\n      German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1586,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c20"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"World News Map, General Drafting Company, 1958","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01","parent_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_140","vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14","vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"World News Map, General Drafting Company","title_ssm":["World News Map, General Drafting Company"],"title_tesim":["World News Map, General Drafting Company"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World News Map, General Drafting Company, 1958"],"text":["World News Map, General Drafting Company, 1958","Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","Series XIV: Oversized Materials, 1917/1969","Oversize Box 38"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1958"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1958"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1533,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"containers_ssim":["Oversize Box 38"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1958],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorld News Map, General Drafting Company, 1958, Oversize Box 38, Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["World News Map, General Drafting Company, 1958, Oversize Box 38, Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#0/components#6","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_140","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_140.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/140","title_filing_ssi":"Ansel, Walter C.","title_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers"],"title_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1917-1974, undated","Date acquired: 04/25/1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1917-1974, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/25/1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1917/1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"text":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974","MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140","World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Second accession: June 26,1978","The collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.","Walter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.","Walter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.","At the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.","Returning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.","Admiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.","Ansel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.","The research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.","Note written by John Michael Leeds, Jr.","Finding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001.","The papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Collection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, Hitler Confronts England and Hitler and the Middle Sea. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German.","ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy","Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)","English\n      German"],"collection_title_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"collection_ssim":["Walter C. Ansel Papers, 1917/1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 29","/repositories/5/resources/140"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"creators_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)","ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Willits Ansel","Gift. Accession #A78-26"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Admirals--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16.60 Linear Feet","37 Hollinger document cases, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["16.60 Linear Feet","37 Hollinger document cases, 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSecond accession: June 26,1978\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Second accession: June 26,1978"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into fourteen series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Photographs Used in Ansel's Research; Series III: Documents of the German Military during World War II; Series IV: German Military Reports; Series V: English, French, German Publications; Series VI: German Military Reports; Series VII: U.S., Military Publications; Series VIII: American Published Articles; Series IX: German Published Articles; Series X: Notes on Ansel's Books; Series XI: Maps, Sketches, and Drawings; Series XII: Personal Papers; Series XIII: Miscellaneous Reference Materials; and Series XIV: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWalter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReturning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdmiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnsel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by John Michael Leeds, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Walter C. Ansel was born in Elgin, Illinois on August 25, 1897. He was the son of Albert Frank Ansel, a president of a food-packing firm, and the former Emilie Pauline Binder. Walter Ansel was married to the former Eleanor Dyer on October 23, 1921. They had three children: Abbie Dora (now Mrs. Carval Blair), David Dyer, and Willits Dyer Ansel.","Walter Ansel graduated from Elgin High School in 1915 and then received an appointment to the U.S. Naval Academy. He graduated from the Naval Academy with the class of 1918. During World War I he served on the patrol craft U.S.S. Rambler, which engaged in anti-submarine operations off the coast of France. During his subsequent career in the U.S. Navy, Admiral Ansel served in various types of combat vessels and shore establishments. From 1918 to 1924, Ansel was stationed, as a line officer, to the Destroyer Escort Force out of Brest, France. In 1930, he completed the junior course at the Naval War College and the Field Officers Course, in 1931, with the Marine Corps. Before World War II he devoted a good deal of time and effort to the development of the technique and corresponding doctrine and manuals for amphibious landing operations.","At the outbreak of World War II, Rear Admiral Ansel was on duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and a month later he assumed command of the oiler U.S.S. Winooski. He commanded that vessel from her commissioning in January until July 1942, and was commanding her in operations in the North Atlantic. Ansel was then ordered to the staff of Commander Advance Group, Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet in the United Kingdom. This group became the Naval Port Support Group for the North African invasion. The main objective was Oreon, Algeria. At this time Rear Admiral (then Captain) Ansel was serving as Plans and Operations Officer. During the landings in Algeria (Nov. 1942), he commanded the Advance Party, which entered the small port of Arzeu in the wake of the assault units. His party secured the shipping and prepared the port for unloading operations. For his role in the action Admiral Ansel was awarded the Commendation Ribbon with combat \"V.\" He was then transferred to duty as Assistant Chief of Staff and Operations Officer on the staff of Commander, Amphibious Force, North African Waters. For his services in this capacity during the preparations for and during the invasion of Sicily, he was awarded the Legion of Merit. In October 1943, Ansel was ordered to command the cruiser U.S.S. Philadelphia, in the Mediterranean. Early in 1944, the Philadelphia supported the operations at Anzio and Formia. In this operation Rear Admiral Ansel, with marines from the Philadelphia and the cruiser U.S.S. Augusta, accepted the surrender of the German garrisons in the fortress islands off Marseilles. In recognition for distinguished service, Rear Admiral Ansel was awarded the Gold Star in lieu of the second Legion of Merit and the Croix de Guerre with Silver Star from the French Government.","Returning to the United States in late 1944, Admiral Ansel was assigned to duty in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. In 1946, he was again ordered to sea with duties as Chief of Staff, Support Group One, Japan. Following this assignment, he returned for duty in the Office of the Secretary of the Navy and later served with the U.S. Naval Mission in Brazil. In June 1949, Rear Admiral Walter Ansel retired and was placed on the inactive list.","Admiral Ansel would be recalled to active duty for a brief time. From September 1952 until April 1953 he would be on duty in accordance with his work on the U.S. Naval Academy's Forrestal Fellowship.","Ansel was given this privilege because he was awarded the fellowship and to minimize the expense He was the second individual to receive the Forrestal Fellowship and was at the age of fifty-four. This fellowship in Naval History was instituted at the U.S. Naval Academy and is set up for extensive study of Sea Power as it relates to land and air power. It is the task of the fellows to set forth from the great mass of naval and military records the lessons of Sea Power in the last two World Wars and previous conflicts. Admiral Ansel undertook this fellowship to research and write on the German Operation Sea Lion for the invasion of Britain with the view of adding to the general naval historical fund of knowledge in this specific subject. His objective was also the drawing pertinent lessons of Sea and Amphibious Power for the benefit of our own Navy. Ansel's work necessitated research in Germany, France, and England to obtain first hand material from participants, particularly in the hitherto unexplored lower echelons.","The research material and inquiries that Admiral Ansel obtained in Europe was used by him to produce several works relating to the German military operations in World War II. He was able to accomplish much of his research in Germany with cooperation with the U.S. Army Historical Division. In addition to his research material, Admiral Ansel was able to speak and correspond with German officers that served in the German High Command. In this collection of Admiral Ansel's papers resides these communications. The remaining arrangement is a collection of photographs, German Military Documents, and an assortment of material used by Admiral Ansel to write his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" From 1953 until his death in 1977, Admiral Ansel lived in retirement and working on his farm in Gavea, Maryland. After his second book was completed he then moved to produce a third work titled \"Study of National Strategy and Policy of the United States and their Difference and Confusions.\" This final work would not be completed because Admiral Ansel passed away in 1977.","Note written by John Michael Leeds, Jr."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Walter C. Ansel Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFinding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Finding aid updated by Jan Halecki August 13, 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Admiral Walter C. Ansel deal primarily with research for and publication of his books, \"Hitler Confronts England\" and \"Hitler and the Middle Sea.\" Included in the collection are correspondence with German and American military officers who were involved in World War II, copies of German Military documents dated, and maps mostly of Europe. The collection includes copies of photographs of Adolph Hitler's high command."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9e8cd18a55935469b5ef9138f94970ec\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHitler Confronts England\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHitler and the Middle Sea\u003c/emph\u003e. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collection deals primarily with Admiral Walter C. Ansel's research on German operations during World War II resulting in two books, Hitler Confronts England and Hitler and the Middle Sea. Of note is extensive correspondence with German officers, many of which are in German."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Navy"],"persname_ssim":["Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Navy","Ansel, Walter C. (1897-1977)"],"language_ssim":["English\n      German"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1586,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:23.934Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_140_c14_c01_c07"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"World War I and II Panorama Photographs, 1918/1945","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02","parent_ssim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964","Series VI: Photographs, 1942/1964","Oversize Box 9"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_34","vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06","vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"World War I and II Panorama Photographs","title_ssm":["World War I and II Panorama Photographs"],"title_tesim":["World War I and II Panorama Photographs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World War I and II Panorama Photographs, 1918/1945"],"text":["World War I and II Panorama Photographs, 1918/1945","Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964","Series VI: Photographs, 1942/1964","Oversize Box 9","Oversize Box 09"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964","Series VI: Photographs, 1942/1964","Oversize Box 9"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964","Series VI: Photographs, 1942/1964","Oversize Box 9"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1918-1945"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":151,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964"],"containers_ssim":["Oversize Box 09"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restriction."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorld War I and II Panorama Photographs, circa 1918-1945, Oversize Box 9, Howard Bertram Aison Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["World War I and II Panorama Photographs, circa 1918-1945, Oversize Box 9, Howard Bertram Aison Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_34","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_34.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/34","title_filing_ssi":"Aison, Howard Bertram","title_ssm":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers"],"title_tesim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1918-1964, undated","Date acquired: 06/22/1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1918-1964, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/22/1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/1964"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964"],"text":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964","MG 61","/repositories/5/resources/34","World War, 1939-1945","Korean War, 1950-1953","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","Korean War, 1950-1953--Veterans","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Veterans","Open to researchers without restriction.","The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Military Records; Series III: Student Papers; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Maps; Series VI: Photographs; and Series VII: Oversized Materials.","Howard Bertram Aison was born in Chicago, Illinois on June 7, 1920. He served almost his entire life in the United States Army, serving in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. He attended Georgetown University, graduating in 1942 with a Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service. He also participated in ROTC. On June 4, 1942, Aison was drafted into the United States Army. Although he had taken ROTC courses in college he chose to remain an enlisted man, feeling that he was not prepared to be an officer. He served in the 77th Ordnance Depot Company taking part in the Allied campaigns in North Africa, Italy, Southern France, and Germany.","After the war, Aison returned to civilian life, married, and began working as a salesman. He did not enjoy civilian life, however, and chose to reenlist in the Army, this time as an officer. He was commissioned a second Lieutenant in the Ordnance Department on August 6, 1948. On March 7, 1951, he was promoted to first Lieutenant in the Infantry and, a year later, was ordered to Korea. Aison was first assigned as a United Nations liaison officer with the 2nd Infantry Division, 8th Army. He was responsible for acting as the liaison between the U.S. Division and the United Nations' units serving with it. He then became a platoon leader in a weapons platoon, and then a rifle platoon. On July 6, 1952, he was awarded a Bronze star for actions during a patrol. He was transferred to Civil Assistance in the 2nd Division, where he took an active role in the formation of the \"Friendship Home,\" an orphanage for Korean children. On July 31, 1953 he was promoted to Captain and returned home from Korea in September.","From March 1962 to March 1963, Aison served as senior advisor to the 6th Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division, I Corps, Army of the Republic of Vietnam. On October 21, 1963, he was awarded a Bronze star with first Oak Leaf cluster for \"meritorious duty against hostile forces.\" He retired from the United States Army in 1969 as a Lieutenant Colonel. He resided in Virginia Beach where he worked in imports and exports and invested in real estate. In 1974, he separated from his wife, but never divorced. On August 28, 1997, Lt. Colonel Howard Bertram Aison (ret.) died in Virginia Beach.","Note written by Jay Gaidmore","The collection contains correspondence, photographs, military training manuals, orders, diaries, recollections, unit histories, commendations, printed material, artifacts, and maps related to Howard Bertram Aison's service in the United States Army. The bulk of the collection documents his participation in World War II , Korean War, and Vietnam War. Papers accumulated during Aison's years as a student at Georgetown University are also included.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Aison was a career Army officer who served in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. This collection primarily relates to his service in these wars. Includes correspondence, photographs, citations, orders, diaries and recollections, unit histories, artifacts, and maps.","ODU Community Collections","United States. Army","Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964"],"collection_ssim":["Howard Bertram Aison Papers, 1918/1964"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 61","/repositories/5/resources/34"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 61","/repositories/5/resources/34"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"creator_ssim":["Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Army"],"creators_ssim":["Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)","ODU Community Collections","United States. Army"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gerald P. Gaidmore","Gift. Accession #A98-5"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1939-1945","Korean War, 1950-1953","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","Korean War, 1950-1953--Veterans","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Veterans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1939-1945","Korean War, 1950-1953","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","World War, 1939-1945--Veterans","Korean War, 1950-1953--Veterans","Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Veterans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5.70 Linear Feet","8 Hollinger document cases and 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.70 Linear Feet","8 Hollinger document cases and 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restriction.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restriction."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Military Records; Series III: Student Papers; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Maps; Series VI: Photographs; and Series VII: Oversized Materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into seven series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Military Records; Series III: Student Papers; Series IV: Printed Material; Series V: Maps; Series VI: Photographs; and Series VII: Oversized Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHoward Bertram Aison was born in Chicago, Illinois on June 7, 1920. He served almost his entire life in the United States Army, serving in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. He attended Georgetown University, graduating in 1942 with a Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service. He also participated in ROTC. On June 4, 1942, Aison was drafted into the United States Army. Although he had taken ROTC courses in college he chose to remain an enlisted man, feeling that he was not prepared to be an officer. He served in the 77th Ordnance Depot Company taking part in the Allied campaigns in North Africa, Italy, Southern France, and Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Aison returned to civilian life, married, and began working as a salesman. He did not enjoy civilian life, however, and chose to reenlist in the Army, this time as an officer. He was commissioned a second Lieutenant in the Ordnance Department on August 6, 1948. On March 7, 1951, he was promoted to first Lieutenant in the Infantry and, a year later, was ordered to Korea. Aison was first assigned as a United Nations liaison officer with the 2nd Infantry Division, 8th Army. He was responsible for acting as the liaison between the U.S. Division and the United Nations' units serving with it. He then became a platoon leader in a weapons platoon, and then a rifle platoon. On July 6, 1952, he was awarded a Bronze star for actions during a patrol. He was transferred to Civil Assistance in the 2nd Division, where he took an active role in the formation of the \"Friendship Home,\" an orphanage for Korean children. On July 31, 1953 he was promoted to Captain and returned home from Korea in September.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom March 1962 to March 1963, Aison served as senior advisor to the 6th Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division, I Corps, Army of the Republic of Vietnam. On October 21, 1963, he was awarded a Bronze star with first Oak Leaf cluster for \"meritorious duty against hostile forces.\" He retired from the United States Army in 1969 as a Lieutenant Colonel. He resided in Virginia Beach where he worked in imports and exports and invested in real estate. In 1974, he separated from his wife, but never divorced. On August 28, 1997, Lt. Colonel Howard Bertram Aison (ret.) died in Virginia Beach.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jay Gaidmore\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Howard Bertram Aison was born in Chicago, Illinois on June 7, 1920. He served almost his entire life in the United States Army, serving in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. He attended Georgetown University, graduating in 1942 with a Bachelor of Science in Foreign Service. He also participated in ROTC. On June 4, 1942, Aison was drafted into the United States Army. Although he had taken ROTC courses in college he chose to remain an enlisted man, feeling that he was not prepared to be an officer. He served in the 77th Ordnance Depot Company taking part in the Allied campaigns in North Africa, Italy, Southern France, and Germany.","After the war, Aison returned to civilian life, married, and began working as a salesman. He did not enjoy civilian life, however, and chose to reenlist in the Army, this time as an officer. He was commissioned a second Lieutenant in the Ordnance Department on August 6, 1948. On March 7, 1951, he was promoted to first Lieutenant in the Infantry and, a year later, was ordered to Korea. Aison was first assigned as a United Nations liaison officer with the 2nd Infantry Division, 8th Army. He was responsible for acting as the liaison between the U.S. Division and the United Nations' units serving with it. He then became a platoon leader in a weapons platoon, and then a rifle platoon. On July 6, 1952, he was awarded a Bronze star for actions during a patrol. He was transferred to Civil Assistance in the 2nd Division, where he took an active role in the formation of the \"Friendship Home,\" an orphanage for Korean children. On July 31, 1953 he was promoted to Captain and returned home from Korea in September.","From March 1962 to March 1963, Aison served as senior advisor to the 6th Regiment, 2nd Infantry Division, I Corps, Army of the Republic of Vietnam. On October 21, 1963, he was awarded a Bronze star with first Oak Leaf cluster for \"meritorious duty against hostile forces.\" He retired from the United States Army in 1969 as a Lieutenant Colonel. He resided in Virginia Beach where he worked in imports and exports and invested in real estate. In 1974, he separated from his wife, but never divorced. On August 28, 1997, Lt. Colonel Howard Bertram Aison (ret.) died in Virginia Beach.","Note written by Jay Gaidmore"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Howard Bertram Aison Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Howard Bertram Aison Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence, photographs, military training manuals, orders, diaries, recollections, unit histories, commendations, printed material, artifacts, and maps related to Howard Bertram Aison's service in the United States Army. The bulk of the collection documents his participation in World War II , Korean War, and Vietnam War. Papers accumulated during Aison's years as a student at Georgetown University are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence, photographs, military training manuals, orders, diaries, recollections, unit histories, commendations, printed material, artifacts, and maps related to Howard Bertram Aison's service in the United States Army. The bulk of the collection documents his participation in World War II , Korean War, and Vietnam War. Papers accumulated during Aison's years as a student at Georgetown University are also included."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9add06ff95c5acd5ecc0f77a1ca4e0cc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAison was a career Army officer who served in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. This collection primarily relates to his service in these wars. Includes correspondence, photographs, citations, orders, diaries and recollections, unit histories, artifacts, and maps.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Aison was a career Army officer who served in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. This collection primarily relates to his service in these wars. Includes correspondence, photographs, citations, orders, diaries and recollections, unit histories, artifacts, and maps."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Army"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Army","Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)","Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"persname_ssim":["Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","United States. Army","Aison, Howard B. (Howard Bertram) (1920-1997)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":169,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:33.091Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_34_c06_c02_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"World War I Beret, 1916/1919","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eBeret worn by Switzer during his tenure in the United States Army during World War I.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05","parent_ssim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985","Series VI: Memorabilia, 1914/1955","Box 12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_189","vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06","vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"World War I Beret","title_ssm":["World War I Beret"],"title_tesim":["World War I Beret"],"normalized_title_ssm":["World War I Beret, 1916/1919"],"text":["World War I Beret, 1916/1919","Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985","Series VI: Memorabilia, 1914/1955","Box 12","box 12","Beret worn by Switzer during his tenure in the United States Army during World War I."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985","Series VI: Memorabilia, 1914/1955","Box 12"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985","Series VI: Memorabilia, 1914/1955","Box 12"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916/1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1916-1919"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":193,"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985"],"containers_ssim":["box 12"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1916,1917,1918,1919],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWorld War I Beret, circa 1916-1919, Box 12, Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["World War I Beret, circa 1916-1919, Box 12, Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeret worn by Switzer during his tenure in the United States Army during World War I.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Beret worn by Switzer during his tenure in the United States Army during World War I."],"_nest_path_":"/components#5/components#4/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:26.509Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_189","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_189.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/189","title_filing_ssi":"Switzer, Samuel Leyens","title_ssm":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1910-1985, undated","Date acquired: 03/20/1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1910-1985, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 03/20/1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985"],"text":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985","MG 37","/repositories/5/resources/189","World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Businessmen--Mississippi--Vicksburg","Civic leaders--Mississippi--Vicksburg","World War, 1914-1918","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Last accession August 15, 2005.","The collection is divided into six series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Literary Productions; Series III: Printed Material; Series IV: Maps; Series V: Photographic Material; and Series VI: Memorabilia.","Samuel Leyens Switzer was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on November 26, 1896. He was a son of Simon and Flora Leyens Switzer. In 1902, Sam's father died, leaving his widow Flora with four children: Louis, Minette, Barbara and Samuel. Samuel Switzer's correspondence begins when he journeyed North in 1911 to complete his secondary education at Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire. After Exeter, Sam entered Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a member of the class of 1918. Sam's letters home during this period reveal that he was a typical college student interested in fashions, football, girls and grades.","While attending college Samuel Switzer joined Harvard University's Military Reserve Unit. After his sophomore year, in the summer of 1916, Sam attended and successfully completed a United States Army training camp in Plattsburgh, New York. Sam returned to Harvard University in the fall of 1916. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, he spent time training from then until 1918. Switzer eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant.","After the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, Lieutenant Switzer traveled through Luxembourg and into Germany. He remained in Kretz and Kruft, Germany, with the American Army of Occupation.At Beaune University he studied French, political science and business law. In May 1919, while still in France, Sam Switzer was awarded his A.B. degree in absentia from Harvard University. He was awarded this degree as a student who had completed three-fourths of the requirements but was unable to complete the entire course due to military service.","On June 15, 1919, Sam Switzer sailed for home with the St. Aignan Special (Beaune University) Casual Company Number 6438. After his arrival in New York City, Lieutenant Switzer proceeded to Fort Shelby, Mississippi, where he was formally discharged from the United States Army on July 29, 1919.","As a civilian, Sam Switzer entered the family business in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Switzer family owned The Valley Dry Goods Company, the largest department store in the Mississippi Valley. As president of The Valley, Samuel Switzer remained one of Vicksburg's most eminent businessmen. He was active in all phases of civic life and was a devoted member of Anshe Chesed congregation, having served as congregation president and for a number of years as president of the Young Men's Hebrew Association. He was former chairman of the Jewish Welfare Federation and was a member of B'nai B'rith. Samuel Leyens Switzer died on April 14, 1960, in Vicksburg, Mississippi. His family remembered him as being \" fervently American as a nationality and Jewish as a religion. \"","The collection contains the correspondence, publications, photographs, maps, and memorability of Samuel Leyens Switzer, a soldier who fought in World War I as well as a merchant in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The bulk of the material details Switzer's time as a Lieutenant in World War I. Some of the highlights of the collector include letters chronically the daily life of soldiers, photographs of Switzer and fellow officers, and maps containing detailed battle positions and troop movements.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Department store owner in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Includes correspondence, literary productions, legal documents, newspaper and magazine clippings, maps, memorabilia and photographs. Collection documents his service as an artillery officer in World War I. Of note are maps of Europe detailing battle positions and troop movements in World War I.","ODU Community Collections","Harvard University","Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, 1910/1985"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 37","/repositories/5/resources/189"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 37","/repositories/5/resources/189"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"creator_ssim":["Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Harvard University"],"creators_ssim":["Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)","ODU Community Collections","Harvard University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. Bettie Minette Cooper","Loan. Accession #A80-19"],"access_subjects_ssim":["World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Businessmen--Mississippi--Vicksburg","Civic leaders--Mississippi--Vicksburg","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World War, 1914-1918--Veterans","Businessmen--Mississippi--Vicksburg","Civic leaders--Mississippi--Vicksburg","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.2 Linear Feet","Five hollinger document cases and three oversize boxes. boxes"],"extent_tesim":["13.2 Linear Feet","Five hollinger document cases and three oversize boxes. boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLast accession August 15, 2005.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Last accession August 15, 2005."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into six series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Literary Productions; Series III: Printed Material; Series IV: Maps; Series V: Photographic Material; and Series VI: Memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into six series: Series I: Correspondence; Series II: Literary Productions; Series III: Printed Material; Series IV: Maps; Series V: Photographic Material; and Series VI: Memorabilia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel Leyens Switzer was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on November 26, 1896. He was a son of Simon and Flora Leyens Switzer. In 1902, Sam's father died, leaving his widow Flora with four children: Louis, Minette, Barbara and Samuel. Samuel Switzer's correspondence begins when he journeyed North in 1911 to complete his secondary education at Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire. After Exeter, Sam entered Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a member of the class of 1918. Sam's letters home during this period reveal that he was a typical college student interested in fashions, football, girls and grades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n    While attending college Samuel Switzer joined Harvard University's Military Reserve Unit. After his sophomore year, in the summer of 1916, Sam attended and successfully completed a United States Army training camp in Plattsburgh, New York. Sam returned to Harvard University in the fall of 1916. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, he spent time training from then until 1918. Switzer eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, Lieutenant Switzer traveled through Luxembourg and into Germany. He remained in Kretz and Kruft, Germany, with the American Army of Occupation.At Beaune University he studied French, political science and business law. In May 1919, while still in France, Sam Switzer was awarded his A.B. degree in absentia from Harvard University. He was awarded this degree as a student who had completed three-fourths of the requirements but was unable to complete the entire course due to military service.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn June 15, 1919, Sam Switzer sailed for home with the St. Aignan Special (Beaune University) Casual Company Number 6438. After his arrival in New York City, Lieutenant Switzer proceeded to Fort Shelby, Mississippi, where he was formally discharged from the United States Army on July 29, 1919.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a civilian, Sam Switzer entered the family business in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Switzer family owned The Valley Dry Goods Company, the largest department store in the Mississippi Valley. As president of The Valley, Samuel Switzer remained one of Vicksburg's most eminent businessmen. He was active in all phases of civic life and was a devoted member of Anshe Chesed congregation, having served as congregation president and for a number of years as president of the Young Men's Hebrew Association. He was former chairman of the Jewish Welfare Federation and was a member of B'nai B'rith. Samuel Leyens Switzer died on April 14, 1960, in Vicksburg, Mississippi. His family remembered him as being \" fervently American as a nationality and Jewish as a religion. \"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel Leyens Switzer was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on November 26, 1896. He was a son of Simon and Flora Leyens Switzer. In 1902, Sam's father died, leaving his widow Flora with four children: Louis, Minette, Barbara and Samuel. Samuel Switzer's correspondence begins when he journeyed North in 1911 to complete his secondary education at Phillips Exeter Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire. After Exeter, Sam entered Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a member of the class of 1918. Sam's letters home during this period reveal that he was a typical college student interested in fashions, football, girls and grades.","While attending college Samuel Switzer joined Harvard University's Military Reserve Unit. After his sophomore year, in the summer of 1916, Sam attended and successfully completed a United States Army training camp in Plattsburgh, New York. Sam returned to Harvard University in the fall of 1916. When the United States entered World War I in 1917, he spent time training from then until 1918. Switzer eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant.","After the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918, Lieutenant Switzer traveled through Luxembourg and into Germany. He remained in Kretz and Kruft, Germany, with the American Army of Occupation.At Beaune University he studied French, political science and business law. In May 1919, while still in France, Sam Switzer was awarded his A.B. degree in absentia from Harvard University. He was awarded this degree as a student who had completed three-fourths of the requirements but was unable to complete the entire course due to military service.","On June 15, 1919, Sam Switzer sailed for home with the St. Aignan Special (Beaune University) Casual Company Number 6438. After his arrival in New York City, Lieutenant Switzer proceeded to Fort Shelby, Mississippi, where he was formally discharged from the United States Army on July 29, 1919.","As a civilian, Sam Switzer entered the family business in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Switzer family owned The Valley Dry Goods Company, the largest department store in the Mississippi Valley. As president of The Valley, Samuel Switzer remained one of Vicksburg's most eminent businessmen. He was active in all phases of civic life and was a devoted member of Anshe Chesed congregation, having served as congregation president and for a number of years as president of the Young Men's Hebrew Association. He was former chairman of the Jewish Welfare Federation and was a member of B'nai B'rith. Samuel Leyens Switzer died on April 14, 1960, in Vicksburg, Mississippi. His family remembered him as being \" fervently American as a nationality and Jewish as a religion. \""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Samuel Leyens Switzer Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains the correspondence, publications, photographs, maps, and memorability of Samuel Leyens Switzer, a soldier who fought in World War I as well as a merchant in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The bulk of the material details Switzer's time as a Lieutenant in World War I. Some of the highlights of the collector include letters chronically the daily life of soldiers, photographs of Switzer and fellow officers, and maps containing detailed battle positions and troop movements.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains the correspondence, publications, photographs, maps, and memorability of Samuel Leyens Switzer, a soldier who fought in World War I as well as a merchant in Vicksburg, Mississippi. The bulk of the material details Switzer's time as a Lieutenant in World War I. Some of the highlights of the collector include letters chronically the daily life of soldiers, photographs of Switzer and fellow officers, and maps containing detailed battle positions and troop movements."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6ad1a9471c9725dacc79b3cc295c4bbf\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDepartment store owner in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Includes correspondence, literary productions, legal documents, newspaper and magazine clippings, maps, memorabilia and photographs. Collection documents his service as an artillery officer in World War I. Of note are maps of Europe detailing battle positions and troop movements in World War I.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Department store owner in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Includes correspondence, literary productions, legal documents, newspaper and magazine clippings, maps, memorabilia and photographs. Collection documents his service as an artillery officer in World War I. Of note are maps of Europe detailing battle positions and troop movements in World War I."],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Harvard University"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harvard University","Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"persname_ssim":["Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Harvard University","Switzer, Samuel Leyens (1896-1960)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":202,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:39:26.509Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_189_c06_c05_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":64137},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026facet.sort=index"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1907 Jamestown Exposition, St. Paul's Episcopal Church Records, 1907/1908","value":"1907 Jamestown Exposition, St. Paul's Episcopal Church Records, 1907/1908","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1907+Jamestown+Exposition%2C+St.+Paul%27s+Episcopal+Church+Records%2C+1907%2F1908\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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