{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=581","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=580","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=582","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=599"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":581,"next_page":582,"prev_page":580,"total_pages":599,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":5800,"total_count":5986,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Weaving materials (#487)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51"],"id":"viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00497","_root_":"viwc_viwc00497","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00497","viwc_viwc00497_c01","viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00497","viwc_viwc00497_c01","viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935","Acquisitions","Miscellaneous Sources, Purchases and gifts,  1930-1931  (57 items)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935","Acquisitions","Miscellaneous Sources, Purchases and gifts,  1930-1931  (57 items)"],"text":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935","Acquisitions","Miscellaneous Sources, Purchases and gifts,  1930-1931  (57 items)","Weaving materials (#487)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Weaving materials (#487)","title_ssm":["Weaving materials (#487)"],"title_tesim":["Weaving materials (#487)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weaving materials (#487)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":141,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5/components#50","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:00.864Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00497","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00497","_root_":"viwc_viwc00497","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00497","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00497.xml","title_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935 "],"title_tesim":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1994.4 "],"text":["MS 1994.4 ","Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935","Antiques.","Architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg","Historic buildings - Virginia -\n                    Williamsburg","Black and white photographs.","140 items, 2 vols.","The collection is arranged in two series. ","Perry, Dean, Rogers \u0026 Partners, Architects, (then Perry, Shaw and Hepburn)\n                was the firm selected by Rev. W.A.R. Goodwin and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. for the\n                reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. ","Consisting entirely of photographs, this collection documents some of the many items\n                acquired by Colonial Williamsburg as the restoration progressed in the 1930s. These\n                items, including engravings, furniture, Delftware, pewter, and other household\n                goods, comprise the first series. ","The collection contains two series, photographs and albums. Within the photographs\n                series are 6 subseries, each pertaining to the source of the acquisitions. Within\n                each subseries items are listed alphabetically. An exception occurs in the\n                Fridenberg and Miscellaneous subseries, where multiple portraits and engravings were\n                photographed together. In both cases the subseries has been further divided to\n                include a Multiple Images section.","Approximately 140 photoprints documenting acquisitions for\n                Colonial Williamsburg. Two photo albums documenting the restoration. ","On site. ","Perry, Shaw, \u0026 Hepburn","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","English "],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1994.4 "],"normalized_title_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935"],"collection_title_tesim":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935"],"collection_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg acquisition\n                photographs  ca.\n                    1930-1935"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Perry, Shaw, \u0026 Hepburn\n            "],"creator_ssim":["Perry, Shaw, \u0026 Hepburn\n            "],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift, 1993 "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Antiques.","Architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg","Historic buildings - Virginia -\n                    Williamsburg","Black and white photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Antiques.","Architecture - Virginia - Williamsburg","Historic buildings - Virginia -\n                    Williamsburg","Black and white photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["140 items, 2 vols."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in two series. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement "],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in two series. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePerry, Dean, Rogers \u0026amp; Partners, Architects, (then Perry, Shaw and Hepburn)\n                was the firm selected by Rev. W.A.R. Goodwin and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. for the\n                reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information "],"bioghist_tesim":["Perry, Dean, Rogers \u0026 Partners, Architects, (then Perry, Shaw and Hepburn)\n                was the firm selected by Rev. W.A.R. Goodwin and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. for the\n                reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsisting entirely of photographs, this collection documents some of the many items\n                acquired by Colonial Williamsburg as the restoration progressed in the 1930s. These\n                items, including engravings, furniture, Delftware, pewter, and other household\n                goods, comprise the first series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains two series, photographs and albums. Within the photographs\n                series are 6 subseries, each pertaining to the source of the acquisitions. Within\n                each subseries items are listed alphabetically. An exception occurs in the\n                Fridenberg and Miscellaneous subseries, where multiple portraits and engravings were\n                photographed together. In both cases the subseries has been further divided to\n                include a Multiple Images section.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consisting entirely of photographs, this collection documents some of the many items\n                acquired by Colonial Williamsburg as the restoration progressed in the 1930s. These\n                items, including engravings, furniture, Delftware, pewter, and other household\n                goods, comprise the first series. ","The collection contains two series, photographs and albums. Within the photographs\n                series are 6 subseries, each pertaining to the source of the acquisitions. Within\n                each subseries items are listed alphabetically. An exception occurs in the\n                Fridenberg and Miscellaneous subseries, where multiple portraits and engravings were\n                photographed together. In both cases the subseries has been further divided to\n                include a Multiple Images section."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eApproximately 140 photoprints documenting acquisitions for\n                Colonial Williamsburg. Two photo albums documenting the restoration. \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Approximately 140 photoprints documenting acquisitions for\n                Colonial Williamsburg. Two photo albums documenting the restoration. "],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eOn site. \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["On site. "],"names_ssim":["Perry, Shaw, \u0026 Hepburn","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation"],"corpname_ssim":["Perry, Shaw, \u0026 Hepburn","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation"],"language_ssim":["English "],"total_component_count_is":145,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:00.864Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00497_c01_c06_c51"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26"],"id":"viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00491","_root_":"viwc_viwc00491","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00491_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00491_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00491","viwc_viwc00491_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00491","viwc_viwc00491_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877","Rough inventory of Eliza Selden Washington papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877","Rough inventory of Eliza Selden Washington papers"],"text":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877","Rough inventory of Eliza Selden Washington papers","Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895","title_ssm":["Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895"],"title_tesim":["Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wedding announcement, Robert W. Hunter and Eliza Selden\n                            Washington,  1895"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":27,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#25","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:25.136Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00491","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00491","_root_":"viwc_viwc00491","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00491","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00491.xml","title_ssm":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877 "],"title_tesim":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 2004.19 "],"text":["MS 2004.19 ","Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877","136 items.","The papers have been inventoried but not arranged. ","Eliza Selden Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington. ","Papers of Eliza Selden Washington (1848-1909), dating from June 1825 to February\n                1877. Chiefly, letters to and from Eliza Selden Washington and other family members\n                in Virginia and West Virginia concerning family matters and several references to\n                Mount Vernon and the Civil War. The collection contains some items of Eliza's\n                father, John Augustine Washington, Jr. (1820-1861), including correspondence, a lock\n                of his hair, and violets taken by him from Mount Vernon as he left for war in 1861.\n                John Augustine Washington, Jr. was the grand-nephew of George Washington and the\n                last private owner of Mount Vernon. ","","On site. ","Washington, Eliza Selden, 1848-1909 -\n                    correspondence","Washington, John Augustine, 1821-1861 -\n                    correspondence","Alexander, Charlotte - correspondence","Alexander, Judith B. - correspondence","Alexander, Minnie - correspondence","Alexander, W.F. - correspondence","Lloyd, John - correspondence","Lloyd, Rebecca - correspondence","Washington, Anna Maria - correspondence","Washington, Christian M. - correspondence","Washington, Eleanor Seldon - correspondence","Washington, George fl. 1860s - correspondence","Washington, Jane C. - correspondence","Washington, Jane Charlotte - correspondence","Washington, Louisa F. - correspondence","Washington, Richard Blackburn - correspondence","English "],"unitid_tesim":["MS 2004.19 "],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877"],"collection_ssim":["Eliza Selden Washington papers  1825-1877"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, Eliza Selden\n            "],"creator_ssim":["Washington, Eliza Selden\n            "],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 2004 "],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["136 items."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers have been inventoried but not arranged. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement "],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers have been inventoried but not arranged. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEliza Selden Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information "],"bioghist_tesim":["Eliza Selden Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Eliza Selden Washington (1848-1909), dating from June 1825 to February\n                1877. Chiefly, letters to and from Eliza Selden Washington and other family members\n                in Virginia and West Virginia concerning family matters and several references to\n                Mount Vernon and the Civil War. The collection contains some items of Eliza's\n                father, John Augustine Washington, Jr. (1820-1861), including correspondence, a lock\n                of his hair, and violets taken by him from Mount Vernon as he left for war in 1861.\n                John Augustine Washington, Jr. was the grand-nephew of George Washington and the\n                last private owner of Mount Vernon. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of Eliza Selden Washington (1848-1909), dating from June 1825 to February\n                1877. Chiefly, letters to and from Eliza Selden Washington and other family members\n                in Virginia and West Virginia concerning family matters and several references to\n                Mount Vernon and the Civil War. The collection contains some items of Eliza's\n                father, John Augustine Washington, Jr. (1820-1861), including correspondence, a lock\n                of his hair, and violets taken by him from Mount Vernon as he left for war in 1861.\n                John Augustine Washington, Jr. was the grand-nephew of George Washington and the\n                last private owner of Mount Vernon. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"/\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":[""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eOn site. \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["On site. "],"names_ssim":["Washington, Eliza Selden, 1848-1909 -\n                    correspondence","Washington, John Augustine, 1821-1861 -\n                    correspondence","Alexander, Charlotte - correspondence","Alexander, Judith B. - correspondence","Alexander, Minnie - correspondence","Alexander, W.F. - correspondence","Lloyd, John - correspondence","Lloyd, Rebecca - correspondence","Washington, Anna Maria - correspondence","Washington, Christian M. - correspondence","Washington, Eleanor Seldon - correspondence","Washington, George fl. 1860s - correspondence","Washington, Jane C. - correspondence","Washington, Jane Charlotte - correspondence","Washington, Louisa F. - correspondence","Washington, Richard Blackburn - correspondence"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Eliza Selden, 1848-1909 -\n                    correspondence","Washington, John Augustine, 1821-1861 -\n                    correspondence","Alexander, Charlotte - correspondence","Alexander, Judith B. - correspondence","Alexander, Minnie - correspondence","Alexander, W.F. - correspondence","Lloyd, John - correspondence","Lloyd, Rebecca - correspondence","Washington, Anna Maria - correspondence","Washington, Christian M. - correspondence","Washington, Eleanor Seldon - correspondence","Washington, George fl. 1860s - correspondence","Washington, Jane C. - correspondence","Washington, Jane Charlotte - correspondence","Washington, Louisa F. - correspondence","Washington, Richard Blackburn - correspondence"],"language_ssim":["English "],"total_component_count_is":142,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:25.136Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00491_c01_c26"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Weddings.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white formal portraits of African American couples and their wedding parties, as well as photos of the bride and groom, the wedding party, and guests at the wedding ceremony and reception.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings.","16 folders.","Box-folder \n                  3:5-4:13","Includes black and white formal portraits of\n                  African American couples and their wedding parties,\n                  as well as photos of the bride and groom, the wedding\n                  party, and guests at the wedding ceremony and\n                  reception."],"title_filing_ssi":"\n                  Weddings.","title_ssm":["\n                  Weddings."],"title_tesim":["\n                  Weddings."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weddings."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"physdesc_tesim":["16 folders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":8,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  3:5-4:13"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white formal portraits of\n                  African American couples and their wedding parties,\n                  as well as photos of the bride and groom, the wedding\n                  party, and guests at the wedding ceremony and\n                  reception.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes black and white formal portraits of\n                  African American couples and their wedding parties,\n                  as well as photos of the bride and groom, the wedding\n                  party, and guests at the wedding ceremony and\n                  reception."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Weddings.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","White\n                  People."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","White\n                  People."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","White\n                  People.","Weddings.","Box-folder \n                     10:20"],"title_filing_ssi":"Weddings.","title_ssm":["Weddings."],"title_tesim":["Weddings."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weddings."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":85,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                     10:20"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#13/components#20","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c14_c21"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings.","Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","Box-folder \n                     3:5-3:8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","title_ssm":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"title_tesim":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":9,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                     3:5-3:8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c01"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01","viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Weddings.","Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","Box-folder \n                     4:1-4:13"],"title_filing_ssi":"Weddings: African\n                     Americans.","title_ssm":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"title_tesim":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weddings: African\n                     Americans."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":10,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                     4:1-4:13"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00077_c68","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00077_c68#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00077_c68","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00077_c68"],"id":"viwc_viwc00077_c68","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00077","_root_":"viwc_viwc00077","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00077","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00077","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00077"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00077"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"text":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825.","Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778.","Box-folder \n               1:6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778.","title_ssm":["Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778."],"title_tesim":["Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Weights of tobacco now at Moss Neck, \n                1778."],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":68,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n               1:6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#67","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:25.136Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00077","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00077","_root_":"viwc_viwc00077","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00077","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00077.xml","title_ssm":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"title_tesim":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["DMS 1971.5"],"text":["DMS 1971.5","Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825.","Tobacco\n            industry--Virginia.","\n            Taxation--Virginia.","\n            Agriculture--Virginia.","\n            Merchants--Great Britain.","Indentured\n            servants--Virginia.","\n            Education--Virginia.","3 volumes and 370 items.","Chronologically arranged.","Richard Corbin (ca. 1708-1790) served as a burgess,\n         councillor, and receiver general of Virginia, 1761-1776.","Letters and accounts of Richard Corbin. Included are\n         warrants for payments from the Virginia quitrents; accounts\n         and letters with Osgood and Capel Hanbury, his London agents;\n         memoranda and accounts regarding his plantations; accounts\n         with tradesmen; and accounts, legal papers, and letters to his\n         son, Richard Corbin, Jr., which comprise most of the later\n         material.","The three volumes include Corbin's letterbook, 1758-1768,\n         with copies of letters and invoices to Edward Athawes, Lt.\n         Gov. Robert Dinwiddie, the Hanburys, Edmund Jenings, Philip\n         Ludwell, John Roberts, Ralph Wormeley, Charles Goore, the Rev.\n         Beilby Porteus, and others; his tobacco book, 1746-1790,\n         recording annual quantity, origin, place of inspection,\n         disposition, and overseers' shares; and the diary of John\n         Harrower, 1773-1776, Scottish indentured tutor of Col. William\n         Daingerfield's children. Daingerfield, of Belvidera, near\n         Fredericksburg, Va., was a neighbor of the Corbins.","Prominent names in the papers include Jaquelin Ambler,\n         Leroy Anderson, Burwell Bassett, Carter Braxton, Charles\n         Carter, Robert Cary, Robert Cholemondeley, James Lee, John\n         Norton and Sons, John Robinson, James Semple, Benjamin\n         Tomkins, and Benjamin Waller.","Capel and Osgood Hanbury\n            (Firm).","John Norton\n            \u0026 Sons.","Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790.","Ambler,\n            Jaquelin, 1742-1798.","Anderson, Leroy Hammond,\n            1770-1837.","Athawes, Edward, fl.\n            1750-1775.","Bassett,\n            Burwell, d. 1793.","Braxton,\n            Carter, 1736-1797.","Carter, Charles,\n            1732-1806.","Cary, Robert.","Cholemondeley,\n            Robert.","Corbin, Richard, ca.\n            1708-1790.","Corbin, Richard,\n            1751-1819.","Daingerfield,\n            William.","Dinwiddie,\n            Robert, 1693-1770.","Goore, Charles.","Harrower,\n            John, 1733 or 4-1777.","Jennings, Edmund,\n            1731-1819.","Lee, James.","Ludwell, Philip,\n            1716-1767.","Porteus,\n            Beilby, 1731-1809.","Robinson, John,\n            1705-1766.","Semple, James,\n            1768-1831.","Tompkins,\n            Benjamin.","Waller, Benjamin,\n            1716-1786.","Wormeley, Ralph,\n            1715-1790.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["DMS 1971.5"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"collection_ssim":["Richard Corbin Papers, \n          \n         1746-1825."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790."],"creator_ssim":["Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790."],"creators_ssim":["Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Deposit, 1971."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Tobacco\n            industry--Virginia.","\n            Taxation--Virginia.","\n            Agriculture--Virginia.","\n            Merchants--Great Britain.","Indentured\n            servants--Virginia.","\n            Education--Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Tobacco\n            industry--Virginia.","\n            Taxation--Virginia.","\n            Agriculture--Virginia.","\n            Merchants--Great Britain.","Indentured\n            servants--Virginia.","\n            Education--Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["3 volumes and 370 items."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronologically arranged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronologically arranged."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Corbin (ca. 1708-1790) served as a burgess,\n         councillor, and receiver general of Virginia, 1761-1776.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Corbin (ca. 1708-1790) served as a burgess,\n         councillor, and receiver general of Virginia, 1761-1776."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters and accounts of Richard Corbin. Included are\n         warrants for payments from the Virginia quitrents; accounts\n         and letters with Osgood and Capel Hanbury, his London agents;\n         memoranda and accounts regarding his plantations; accounts\n         with tradesmen; and accounts, legal papers, and letters to his\n         son, Richard Corbin, Jr., which comprise most of the later\n         material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe three volumes include Corbin's letterbook, 1758-1768,\n         with copies of letters and invoices to Edward Athawes, Lt.\n         Gov. Robert Dinwiddie, the Hanburys, Edmund Jenings, Philip\n         Ludwell, John Roberts, Ralph Wormeley, Charles Goore, the Rev.\n         Beilby Porteus, and others; his tobacco book, 1746-1790,\n         recording annual quantity, origin, place of inspection,\n         disposition, and overseers' shares; and the diary of John\n         Harrower, 1773-1776, Scottish indentured tutor of Col. William\n         Daingerfield's children. Daingerfield, of Belvidera, near\n         Fredericksburg, Va., was a neighbor of the Corbins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProminent names in the papers include Jaquelin Ambler,\n         Leroy Anderson, Burwell Bassett, Carter Braxton, Charles\n         Carter, Robert Cary, Robert Cholemondeley, James Lee, John\n         Norton and Sons, John Robinson, James Semple, Benjamin\n         Tomkins, and Benjamin Waller.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters and accounts of Richard Corbin. Included are\n         warrants for payments from the Virginia quitrents; accounts\n         and letters with Osgood and Capel Hanbury, his London agents;\n         memoranda and accounts regarding his plantations; accounts\n         with tradesmen; and accounts, legal papers, and letters to his\n         son, Richard Corbin, Jr., which comprise most of the later\n         material.","The three volumes include Corbin's letterbook, 1758-1768,\n         with copies of letters and invoices to Edward Athawes, Lt.\n         Gov. Robert Dinwiddie, the Hanburys, Edmund Jenings, Philip\n         Ludwell, John Roberts, Ralph Wormeley, Charles Goore, the Rev.\n         Beilby Porteus, and others; his tobacco book, 1746-1790,\n         recording annual quantity, origin, place of inspection,\n         disposition, and overseers' shares; and the diary of John\n         Harrower, 1773-1776, Scottish indentured tutor of Col. William\n         Daingerfield's children. Daingerfield, of Belvidera, near\n         Fredericksburg, Va., was a neighbor of the Corbins.","Prominent names in the papers include Jaquelin Ambler,\n         Leroy Anderson, Burwell Bassett, Carter Braxton, Charles\n         Carter, Robert Cary, Robert Cholemondeley, James Lee, John\n         Norton and Sons, John Robinson, James Semple, Benjamin\n         Tomkins, and Benjamin Waller."],"names_ssim":["Capel and Osgood Hanbury\n            (Firm).","John Norton\n            \u0026 Sons.","Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790.","Ambler,\n            Jaquelin, 1742-1798.","Anderson, Leroy Hammond,\n            1770-1837.","Athawes, Edward, fl.\n            1750-1775.","Bassett,\n            Burwell, d. 1793.","Braxton,\n            Carter, 1736-1797.","Carter, Charles,\n            1732-1806.","Cary, Robert.","Cholemondeley,\n            Robert.","Corbin, Richard, ca.\n            1708-1790.","Corbin, Richard,\n            1751-1819.","Daingerfield,\n            William.","Dinwiddie,\n            Robert, 1693-1770.","Goore, Charles.","Harrower,\n            John, 1733 or 4-1777.","Jennings, Edmund,\n            1731-1819.","Lee, James.","Ludwell, Philip,\n            1716-1767.","Porteus,\n            Beilby, 1731-1809.","Robinson, John,\n            1705-1766.","Semple, James,\n            1768-1831.","Tompkins,\n            Benjamin.","Waller, Benjamin,\n            1716-1786.","Wormeley, Ralph,\n            1715-1790."],"corpname_ssim":["Capel and Osgood Hanbury\n            (Firm).","John Norton\n            \u0026 Sons."],"persname_ssim":["Richard Corbin, ca. 1708-1790.","Ambler,\n            Jaquelin, 1742-1798.","Anderson, Leroy Hammond,\n            1770-1837.","Athawes, Edward, fl.\n            1750-1775.","Bassett,\n            Burwell, d. 1793.","Braxton,\n            Carter, 1736-1797.","Carter, Charles,\n            1732-1806.","Cary, Robert.","Cholemondeley,\n            Robert.","Corbin, Richard, ca.\n            1708-1790.","Corbin, Richard,\n            1751-1819.","Daingerfield,\n            William.","Dinwiddie,\n            Robert, 1693-1770.","Goore, Charles.","Harrower,\n            John, 1733 or 4-1777.","Jennings, Edmund,\n            1731-1819.","Lee, James.","Ludwell, Philip,\n            1716-1767.","Porteus,\n            Beilby, 1731-1809.","Robinson, John,\n            1705-1766.","Semple, James,\n            1768-1831.","Tompkins,\n            Benjamin.","Waller, Benjamin,\n            1716-1786.","Wormeley, Ralph,\n            1715-1790."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":379,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:25.136Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00077_c68"}},{"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains sketches with notes. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61","ref_ssm":["viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61"],"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61","ead_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608","_root_":"viwc_ViWC00608","_nest_parent_":"viwc_ViWC00608_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","1"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","1"],"text":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","1","WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA","folder 61","Contains sketches with notes.\n\t"],"title_filing_ssi":"WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA\n\t","title_ssm":["WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA\n\t"],"title_tesim":["WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WELL HOUSES, HANOVER Co. VA"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"extent_ssm":["3 items"],"extent_tesim":["3 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":62,"containers_ssim":["folder 61"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains sketches with notes.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains sketches with notes.\n\t"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#60","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_ViWC00608","ead_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608","_root_":"viwc_ViWC00608","_nest_parent_":"viwc_ViWC00608","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/ViWC00608.xml","title_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972\n"],"title_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1989.23\n"],"text":["MS 1989.23\n","Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia.","Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n","Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n","Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1989.23\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_title_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"creator_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 cubic ft."],"extent_tesim":["7 cubic ft."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n"],"names_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"persname_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c01_c61"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13"],"id":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526","_root_":"viwc_viwc00526","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00526","viwc_viwc00526_c01","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00526","viwc_viwc00526_c01","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots"],"text":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots","Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875","title_ssm":["Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875"],"title_tesim":["Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wellington,  ca.\n                                    1875"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":29,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#0/components#12","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:44.204Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00526","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526","_root_":"viwc_viwc00526","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00526.xml","title_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995 "],"title_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1995.1 20C "],"text":["MS 1995.1 20C ","Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History","1.2 linear feet.","Arranged in series. ","Ernest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. ","During the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. ","Peterkin was a fellow of the Company of Military Historians and co-founder of the\n                    North-South Skirmish Association, which demonstrates Civil War-era weapons. As\n                    part of his involvement with war reenactment groups, he helped plan major battle\n                    anniversary programs. Additionally, Peterkin was considered an authority on\n                    Civil War monitors. His writings included two books on arms and ships and\n                    several articles, and he contributed to other authors' works concerning shoes\n                    and military dress. Each year he demonstrated his knowledge of antique footwear\n                    at a festival in Westford, VA","Peterkin and his wife Betty were married for 47 years and were the parents of\n                    three daughters. He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.","Source Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995","A series within the 20th Century Collections of the Library, the Peterkin Shoe\n                    papers have been divided into five subseries: Correspondence, Patterns and\n                    Sketches, Photographs, Reference Material, and Research Files. ","Correspondence between Peterkin and other members of the military and shoe\n                    communities is arranged in chronological order. Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. ","The Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. Folders relate to specific\n                    styles from specific time periods. Peterkin's descriptions were retained as much\n                    as possible.","While Photographs of shoes and boots can be found throughout the series, those\n                    with no associated documentation have been compiled into a separate subseries.\n                    Many include handwritten notes from Peterkin, providing additional style and age\n                    information for the pictured shoe. ","Documentation, primarily secondary source material, acquired by Peterkin over the\n                    years comprises the Reference Material subseries. Much of this information has\n                    been photocopied. Also found in this section is information provided to Peterkin\n                    by fellow shoe enthusiasts Fred Gaede and Al Saguto.","Peterkin's publications, and the work leading up to them, highlight the Research\n                    Files subseries. Writings such as the United States Army footwear chronology can\n                    be found here. ","Material collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin ","On site. ","Peterkin, Ernest W.","Gaede, Fred","Saguto, Al","English "],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1995.1 20C "],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Peterkin, Ernest W. "],"creator_ssim":["Peterkin, Ernest W. "],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift, 1995 "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.2 linear feet."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged in series. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement "],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged in series. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeterkin was a fellow of the Company of Military Historians and co-founder of the\n                    North-South Skirmish Association, which demonstrates Civil War-era weapons. As\n                    part of his involvement with war reenactment groups, he helped plan major battle\n                    anniversary programs. Additionally, Peterkin was considered an authority on\n                    Civil War monitors. His writings included two books on arms and ships and\n                    several articles, and he contributed to other authors' works concerning shoes\n                    and military dress. Each year he demonstrated his knowledge of antique footwear\n                    at a festival in Westford, VA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeterkin and his wife Betty were married for 47 years and were the parents of\n                    three daughters. He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information "],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. ","During the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. ","Peterkin was a fellow of the Company of Military Historians and co-founder of the\n                    North-South Skirmish Association, which demonstrates Civil War-era weapons. As\n                    part of his involvement with war reenactment groups, he helped plan major battle\n                    anniversary programs. Additionally, Peterkin was considered an authority on\n                    Civil War monitors. His writings included two books on arms and ships and\n                    several articles, and he contributed to other authors' works concerning shoes\n                    and military dress. Each year he demonstrated his knowledge of antique footwear\n                    at a festival in Westford, VA","Peterkin and his wife Betty were married for 47 years and were the parents of\n                    three daughters. He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.","Source Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA series within the 20th Century Collections of the Library, the Peterkin Shoe\n                    papers have been divided into five subseries: Correspondence, Patterns and\n                    Sketches, Photographs, Reference Material, and Research Files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Peterkin and other members of the military and shoe\n                    communities is arranged in chronological order. Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. Folders relate to specific\n                    styles from specific time periods. Peterkin's descriptions were retained as much\n                    as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile Photographs of shoes and boots can be found throughout the series, those\n                    with no associated documentation have been compiled into a separate subseries.\n                    Many include handwritten notes from Peterkin, providing additional style and age\n                    information for the pictured shoe. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation, primarily secondary source material, acquired by Peterkin over the\n                    years comprises the Reference Material subseries. Much of this information has\n                    been photocopied. Also found in this section is information provided to Peterkin\n                    by fellow shoe enthusiasts Fred Gaede and Al Saguto.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeterkin's publications, and the work leading up to them, highlight the Research\n                    Files subseries. Writings such as the United States Army footwear chronology can\n                    be found here. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content "],"scopecontent_tesim":["A series within the 20th Century Collections of the Library, the Peterkin Shoe\n                    papers have been divided into five subseries: Correspondence, Patterns and\n                    Sketches, Photographs, Reference Material, and Research Files. ","Correspondence between Peterkin and other members of the military and shoe\n                    communities is arranged in chronological order. Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. ","The Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. Folders relate to specific\n                    styles from specific time periods. Peterkin's descriptions were retained as much\n                    as possible.","While Photographs of shoes and boots can be found throughout the series, those\n                    with no associated documentation have been compiled into a separate subseries.\n                    Many include handwritten notes from Peterkin, providing additional style and age\n                    information for the pictured shoe. ","Documentation, primarily secondary source material, acquired by Peterkin over the\n                    years comprises the Reference Material subseries. Much of this information has\n                    been photocopied. Also found in this section is information provided to Peterkin\n                    by fellow shoe enthusiasts Fred Gaede and Al Saguto.","Peterkin's publications, and the work leading up to them, highlight the Research\n                    Files subseries. Writings such as the United States Army footwear chronology can\n                    be found here. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMaterial collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Material collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin "],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eOn site. \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["On site. "],"names_ssim":["Peterkin, Ernest W.","Gaede, Fred","Saguto, Al"],"persname_ssim":["Peterkin, Ernest W.","Gaede, Fred","Saguto, Al"],"language_ssim":["English "],"total_component_count_is":94,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:44.204Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c13"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wellington Whole Cut","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c14","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c14"],"id":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01_c14","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526","_root_":"viwc_viwc00526","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00526","viwc_viwc00526_c01","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00526","viwc_viwc00526_c01","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02","viwc_viwc00526_c01_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots"],"text":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Peterkin","Patterns and Sketches","Boots","Wellington Whole Cut"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wellington Whole Cut","title_ssm":["Wellington Whole Cut"],"title_tesim":["Wellington Whole Cut"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wellington Whole Cut"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":30,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#0/components#13","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:44.204Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00526","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00526","_root_":"viwc_viwc00526","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00526.xml","title_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995 "],"title_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995 "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1995.1 20C "],"text":["MS 1995.1 20C ","Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995","Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History","1.2 linear feet.","Arranged in series. ","Ernest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. ","During the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. ","Peterkin was a fellow of the Company of Military Historians and co-founder of the\n                    North-South Skirmish Association, which demonstrates Civil War-era weapons. As\n                    part of his involvement with war reenactment groups, he helped plan major battle\n                    anniversary programs. Additionally, Peterkin was considered an authority on\n                    Civil War monitors. His writings included two books on arms and ships and\n                    several articles, and he contributed to other authors' works concerning shoes\n                    and military dress. Each year he demonstrated his knowledge of antique footwear\n                    at a festival in Westford, VA","Peterkin and his wife Betty were married for 47 years and were the parents of\n                    three daughters. He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.","Source Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995","A series within the 20th Century Collections of the Library, the Peterkin Shoe\n                    papers have been divided into five subseries: Correspondence, Patterns and\n                    Sketches, Photographs, Reference Material, and Research Files. ","Correspondence between Peterkin and other members of the military and shoe\n                    communities is arranged in chronological order. Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. ","The Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. Folders relate to specific\n                    styles from specific time periods. Peterkin's descriptions were retained as much\n                    as possible.","While Photographs of shoes and boots can be found throughout the series, those\n                    with no associated documentation have been compiled into a separate subseries.\n                    Many include handwritten notes from Peterkin, providing additional style and age\n                    information for the pictured shoe. ","Documentation, primarily secondary source material, acquired by Peterkin over the\n                    years comprises the Reference Material subseries. Much of this information has\n                    been photocopied. Also found in this section is information provided to Peterkin\n                    by fellow shoe enthusiasts Fred Gaede and Al Saguto.","Peterkin's publications, and the work leading up to them, highlight the Research\n                    Files subseries. Writings such as the United States Army footwear chronology can\n                    be found here. ","Material collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin ","On site. ","Peterkin, Ernest W.","Gaede, Fred","Saguto, Al","English "],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1995.1 20C "],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest W. Peterkin Papers  1950-1995"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Peterkin, Ernest W. "],"creator_ssim":["Peterkin, Ernest W. "],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift, 1995 "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Shoes - History","Boots - history","Military uniforms--Virginia--History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.2 linear feet."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged in series. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement "],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged in series. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeterkin was a fellow of the Company of Military Historians and co-founder of the\n                    North-South Skirmish Association, which demonstrates Civil War-era weapons. As\n                    part of his involvement with war reenactment groups, he helped plan major battle\n                    anniversary programs. Additionally, Peterkin was considered an authority on\n                    Civil War monitors. His writings included two books on arms and ships and\n                    several articles, and he contributed to other authors' works concerning shoes\n                    and military dress. Each year he demonstrated his knowledge of antique footwear\n                    at a festival in Westford, VA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeterkin and his wife Betty were married for 47 years and were the parents of\n                    three daughters. He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information "],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest Wilson Peterkin was born in Enfield Wash, England to American parents. He\n                    was raised first in the Boston area, and then Detroit. Peterkin was a graduate\n                    of the Lawrence Institute of Technology (in Detroit) and the University of\n                    Maryland. During World War II Peterkin served in the Navy and continued as a\n                    member of the Navy Reserve until 1980, when he retired as a captain. A 35 year\n                    employee of the Naval Research Laboratory, Peterkin retired in 1978 as manager\n                    of a project that measured solar activity. ","During the 1950s Peterkin became interested in shoemaking, and apprenticed under\n                    Frederich Engleke in the 1960s. This new hobby set the stage for a second career\n                    as a historian and re-creator of colonial and civil war era military dress and\n                    shoes. After retiring, Peterkin pursued his work as a consultant on military\n                    history for several organizations. 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He died January 6, 1995 at the age of 74.","Source Consulted: Washington Post, January 10, 1995"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA series within the 20th Century Collections of the Library, the Peterkin Shoe\n                    papers have been divided into five subseries: Correspondence, Patterns and\n                    Sketches, Photographs, Reference Material, and Research Files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Peterkin and other members of the military and shoe\n                    communities is arranged in chronological order. Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. 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Prominent in this subseries is\n                    the well-documented struggle Peterkin had in order to replicate a pair of shoes\n                    for an exhibit at the Smithsonian. ","The Patterns and Sketches subseries contains those items created and gathered by\n                    Peterkin as he replicated shoes over the years. Folders relate to specific\n                    styles from specific time periods. Peterkin's descriptions were retained as much\n                    as possible.","While Photographs of shoes and boots can be found throughout the series, those\n                    with no associated documentation have been compiled into a separate subseries.\n                    Many include handwritten notes from Peterkin, providing additional style and age\n                    information for the pictured shoe. ","Documentation, primarily secondary source material, acquired by Peterkin over the\n                    years comprises the Reference Material subseries. Much of this information has\n                    been photocopied. Also found in this section is information provided to Peterkin\n                    by fellow shoe enthusiasts Fred Gaede and Al Saguto.","Peterkin's publications, and the work leading up to them, highlight the Research\n                    Files subseries. Writings such as the United States Army footwear chronology can\n                    be found here. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMaterial collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin \u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Material collected by shoe historian Ernest W. Peterkin "],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eOn site. \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["On site. 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