{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+History+--+Civil+War%2C+1861-1865+--+Personal+narratives","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+History+--+Civil+War%2C+1861-1865+--+Personal+narratives\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=United+States+--+History+--+Civil+War%2C+1861-1865+--+Personal+narratives\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":28,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1821/1897"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"text":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThere are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eLock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCondolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:13.060Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1821/1897"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"text":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897","MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers, 1821/1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThere are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eLock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841.","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the Boston Home Journal, the New York Tribune, and the Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children.","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the Southern Churchmen also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCondolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo.","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men.","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions.","The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the  The Richmond Times Dispatch dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\"","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","Also of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard)","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","Other articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:13.060Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFacsimile of a manuscript historical narrative regarding James Edward Hanger (1843-1919) by Clyde Cale, Jr. The narrative describes Hanger's injury and amputation, brief imprisonment as a Confederate prisoner-of-war, and his postwar life and inventions. Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6929.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212920","title_ssm":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"unitdate_ssm":["undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"text":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran","A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929","Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Civil War -- Confederacy","Prisoners-of-war --  Civil War","Civil War battles - Philippi.","Civil War - veterans - Confederate.","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Battlefields","Prosthetists","No special acess restriction applies.","Facsimile of a manuscript historical narrative regarding James Edward Hanger (1843-1919) by Clyde Cale, Jr. The narrative describes Hanger's injury and amputation, brief imprisonment as a Confederate prisoner-of-war, and his postwar life and inventions. Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"collection_ssim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Facsimile of a manuscript historical narrative regarding James Edward Hanger (1843-1919) by Clyde Cale, Jr. The narrative describes Hanger's injury and amputation, brief imprisonment as a Confederate prisoner-of-war, and his postwar life and inventions. Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_23b1d8218b17e96b02794e715313f97c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:59:29.663Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6929.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212920","title_ssm":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"title_tesim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"unitdate_ssm":["undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["undated"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"text":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran","A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929","Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Civil War battles.","Civil War -- Confederate Army","Civil War -- Confederacy","Prisoners-of-war --  Civil War","Civil War battles - Philippi.","Civil War - veterans - Confederate.","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Battlefields","Prosthetists","No special acess restriction applies.","Facsimile of a manuscript historical narrative regarding James Edward Hanger (1843-1919) by Clyde Cale, Jr. The narrative describes Hanger's injury and amputation, brief imprisonment as a Confederate prisoner-of-war, and his postwar life and inventions. Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"collection_ssim":["Biographical Sketch of James Edward Hanger, Confederate States Army Veteran"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4543","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6929"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Civil War Injuries","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Prisoners and prisons","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Military life","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Facsimile of a manuscript historical narrative regarding James Edward Hanger (1843-1919) by Clyde Cale, Jr. The narrative describes Hanger's injury and amputation, brief imprisonment as a Confederate prisoner-of-war, and his postwar life and inventions. Hanger was born in Churchville, Augusta County, Virginia. In early June 1861, he joined his brothers as a member of the Confederate Churchville Cavalry, and shortly after, he was injured by a Union cannonball early in the Battle of Philippi. His left leg was amputated, and he was briefly a prisoner-of-war at Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio) before he was released and exchanged about two months later. After the war, knowing he and other disabled veterans would need improved prosthetic limbs, he founded a prosthetic company that continues in business today."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_23b1d8218b17e96b02794e715313f97c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Cale, Clyde","Hanger, James E., 1843-1949"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:59:29.663Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6929"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1681#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1681#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1681#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1681.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196863","title_filing_ssi":"Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba","title_ssm":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba"],"title_tesim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba"],"unitdate_ssm":["March 7, 1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 7, 1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"text":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865","MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Correspondence","The collection is open for research use.","Military, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.","Once Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships.","The passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.","Source:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben","For more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/","Campbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/","\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm","Block, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm","This collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_ssm":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMilitary, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnce Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCampbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlock, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Military, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.","Once Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships.","The passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.","Source:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben","For more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/","Campbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/","\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm","Block, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16853, Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16853, Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:43.518Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1681","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1681.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196863","title_filing_ssi":"Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba","title_ssm":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba"],"title_tesim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba"],"unitdate_ssm":["March 7, 1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 7, 1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"text":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865","MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Correspondence","The collection is open for research use.","Military, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.","Once Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships.","The passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.","Source:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben","For more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/","Campbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/","\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm","Block, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm","This collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16853","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1681"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_ssm":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creator_ssim":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMilitary, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnce Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCampbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlock, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Military, Blockade, and Civil War maritime letter from Galveston, Texas from a wife and mother named Isabella and her daughters to her unnamed husband with a description of their travel on a blockade ship to see their him in Havana, Cuba dated March 7, 1865.","Once Wilmington, North Carolina fell to the Union Army, Galveston, Texas was the only port open to blockade runners, and it became busier than at any previous time during the war. This letter would have been carried by one of these ships.","The passage would have been expensive (over $3500 in today's money). Few firsthand written accounts such as this one, particularly from females, exist from this time.","Source:\nDealer: Kurt A. Sanftleben","For more information:\nGlover, Robert W. \"The West Gulf Blockade, 1861-1865: An Evaluation,\" Benton, Texas. May 1974.\nhttps://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500924/","Campbell, Thomas, R. \"Last of the Gray Phantoms: The Confederate Blockade Runners\"\nhttps://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/last-of-the-gray-phantoms-the-confederate-blockade-runners/","\"The Capture of the S. S. Salvor\" Accessed 8/26/24\nhttps://www.tampapix.com/salvor.htm","Block, W. T. \"Sabine Pass and Galveston were Successsful Blockade-Running Ports\"  Beaumont Enterprises. 5 February 1984\nhttp://www.wtblock.com/blockade.htm"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16853, Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16853, Blockade Civil War letter from wife Isabella and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa to her husband in Cuba, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a rare letter written by a woman named Isabella, and her children, Jumain, Miriam, and Rosa, to her unnamed husband describing their attempts to sail from Galveston, Texas, to join him in Havana, Cuba. Their passage was on a blockade runner that failed as they could not pass through the Union ships. The back of the letter contains short notes from each of the children addressed to their father."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"names_coll_ssim":["Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Kurt A Sanftleben, LLC"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:43.518Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1681"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1805#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1805#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1805.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/228112","title_filing_ssi":"Bradley, Charles Ellery, Civil War diaries","title_ssm":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers"],"title_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"text":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863","MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Fair to good.May need housing.","This collection is open for research.","Charles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.","The 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.","The 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.","After the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.","Bradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.","Source:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/","Earlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/","Charles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Richard B. Pasto to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 4 May 2018."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good.May need housing."],"extent_ssm":["0.09 Cubic Feet 3 folders in a half-width letter size box"],"extent_tesim":["0.09 Cubic Feet 3 folders in a half-width letter size box"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.","The 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.","The 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.","After the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.","Bradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.","Source:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 9728, Charles Ellery Bradley Civil War diaries, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 9728, Charles Ellery Bradley Civil War diaries, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Earlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:59.529Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1805","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1805.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/228112","title_filing_ssi":"Bradley, Charles Ellery, Civil War diaries","title_ssm":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers"],"title_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1863"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1863"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"text":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863","MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Fair to good.May need housing.","This collection is open for research.","Charles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.","The 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.","The 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.","After the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.","Bradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.","Source:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/","Earlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/","Charles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Ellery Bradley papers, 1861/1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 9728","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1805"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Richard B. Pasto to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on 4 May 2018."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good.May need housing."],"extent_ssm":["0.09 Cubic Feet 3 folders in a half-width letter size box"],"extent_tesim":["0.09 Cubic Feet 3 folders in a half-width letter size box"],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley was born 13 November 1842 in Danby, New York to Lyman Bradley (1808-1884) and his wife Mary Ann Hill (1808 -).He served with Co. I, 32nd New York Volunteers. He enlisted 7 May 1861 at Ithaca serving two years. He mustered in as private on 31 May 1861, was promoted to Corporal 17 March 1862, and then promoted again to Sergeant on 7 October 1862. He mustered out on 9 June 1863 as a Sergeant with his company in New York City. He was commissioned a second lieutenant 9 May 1863, but was not mustered with rank from January 6, 1863.","The 32nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, also known as the \"1st California Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Col. Roderick Matheson, was accepted by the State 22 May 1861. He organized the regiment at New York City, and it was mustered in the service of the United States for two years on 31 May 1861, at New Dorp, Staten Island. The Empire City Regiment and the Cerro Gordo Legion, incomplete organizations, were merged into it. On 25 May 1863, the three years' men of the regiment were transferred to the 121st Infantry.","The 32nd Regiment left New York for Washington, D.C. on June 29 1861; was quartered there for a week and then encamped near Alexandria, where it was assigned to the 2nd brigade, 5th division, Army of Northeastern Virginia. The regiment was engaged at Fairfax Court House, Bull Run, and at Munson's hill, and spent the winter at Fort Ward, in Newton's brigade of Franklin's division. In March, 1862, with the 3d brigade, 1st division, 1st corps, Army of the Potomac, the regiment moved to Manassas; then returned to Alexandria and embarked for the Peninsula where it was engaged at West Point (Battle of Eltham's Landing), with a loss of 67 killed, wounded or missing, and soon after was assigned to the 3d brigade, 1st division, 6th corps, with which it engaged in the Seven Days' battles; then went into camp at Harrison's landing until 16 Aug., when it returned to Alexandria. The regiment participated in the battles of Crampton's Gap, Antietam and Fredericksburg. It went into winter quarters at Belle Plain; participated in the \"Mud March,\" and on 28 April 1863, broke camp and joined the light brigade of the 6th corps for the Chancellorsville campaign, in which the 32nd lost 43 members killed, wounded or missing. It returned on May 8 to the camp at Belle Plain and on the 25th the three years' men were transferred to the 121st N. Y. Infantry. The two years men were mustered out at New York City on 9 June 1863.","After the Civil War, Charles E. Bradley was found enumerated in Spencer, New York. He went into business with his father and took it over after his father retired. He is listed a dry goods merchant in the 1875 New York State Census, and as a merchant in the U.S. 1880 Census, in Spencer. Charles died on 24 December 1915 and was buried in Evergreen Cemetery, Spencer, Tioga Co., New York.","Bradley was married in 1863 to Margaret E. Bush (1842-1904). She was born 10 June 1842; and died 17 September 1904, and was buried in the same plot with her husband. She was the daughter of Richard Platt Bush (1813-1853) and Jerusha Beers. Together Charles E. Bradley and his wife Margaret (Maggie) had at least three children; Kate M. Bradley (1868-1935); Lyman R. Bradley; born 1871; and Madge Bradley, born 1876.","Source:\nhttps://chasbradley.home.blog/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 9728, Charles Ellery Bradley Civil War diaries, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 9728, Charles Ellery Bradley Civil War diaries, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Earlier addition of Charles Ellery Bradley correspondence MSS 9728 is described in the public services VIRGO catalog. There is also an independent website with description and digital images of this earlier collection at https://chasbradley.home.blog/"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Charles Ellery Bradley U.S. Civil War diaries 1861, 1862, and 1863. Bradley, a volunteer in the 32nd Regiment., New York, describes marching, keeping guard, and fighting in key battles including Bull Run, The Battle of Gettysburg, Antietam, and mentions generals such as Ambrose Everett Burside, John Sedgwick, George B. McClellan, and Joseph Hooker."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:59.529Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1805"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861/1863","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Johnson, Robert K., fl. 2011","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eTranscription of the Civil War diaries of Captain George Johnson of the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. George Johnson was about 35 years old when he enlisted in the 11th Ohio Infantry in June 1861 and served in Companies A and K until late December 1863. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6910.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212443","title_ssm":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry"],"title_tesim":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1863","2009-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1863","2009-2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861/1863"],"text":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861/1863","A\u0026M 4538","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6910","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Civil War battles.","Civil War - Ohio 11th Volunteer Infantry.","Civil War - Union soldiers.","Civil War --  War diaries","Diaries - Civil War.","Prisoners-of-war --  Civil War","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","The PDF titled \"The Civil War Diaries of Captain George Johnson,\" has had an email address redacted from it in both the physical and digital copies of the item. If you wish to view the original digital file, please complete Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials.","As of 2022/11/28, three of the transcribed diaries are believed to be owned by Mercury One, which owns the American Journey Experience, a museum in Irving, Texas.","Transcription of the Civil War diaries of Captain George Johnson of the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. George Johnson was about 35 years old when he enlisted in the 11th Ohio Infantry in June 1861 and served in Companies A and K until late December 1863.","The transcription was completed by his descendant, Robert K. Johnson, in 2011, and includes the transcription of seven diaries from mid-1861 through December 1863. His diaries include candid descriptions of camp life and soldier conduct, his wounding at the Battle of South Mountain, his experiences in Confederate prisons such as Libby Prison in Richmond, Va., and his experiences in other battles such as the Second Battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, and Lookout Mountain. Also included are Johnson's officer commission, company muster rolls, widow's pension documents from the War Department, and several pictures of the diaries and Johnson's sword. Johnson was discharged on December 23, 1863, due to his wound incurred at the Battle of South Mountain. He lived in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was married to Sarah Hardin and had at least three children. He died in 1887, still suffering from his wounds.","The only physical material is the CD of the transcriptions and materials, and a two-page document containing notes by the donor about George Johnson and the transcriptions. The rest of the collection's content is PDF files of transcriptions of the seven diaries, as well as additional documents of research and images of historical documents and items pertaining to Johnson.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Johnson, Robert K., fl. 2011","Johnson, George W., Captain, ca. 1826-1887","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. Johnson, 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861/1863"],"collection_ssim":["Civil War Diary Transcriptions and Related Material of Captain George W. 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His diaries include candid descriptions of camp life and soldier conduct, his wounding at the Battle of South Mountain, his experiences in Confederate prisons such as Libby Prison in Richmond, Va., and his experiences in other battles such as the Second Battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, and Lookout Mountain. Also included are Johnson's officer commission, company muster rolls, widow's pension documents from the War Department, and several pictures of the diaries and Johnson's sword. Johnson was discharged on December 23, 1863, due to his wound incurred at the Battle of South Mountain. He lived in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was married to Sarah Hardin and had at least three children. He died in 1887, still suffering from his wounds.","The only physical material is the CD of the transcriptions and materials, and a two-page document containing notes by the donor about George Johnson and the transcriptions. The rest of the collection's content is PDF files of transcriptions of the seven diaries, as well as additional documents of research and images of historical documents and items pertaining to Johnson."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from copyright holder. 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If you wish to view the original digital file, please complete Agreement for the Use of Restricted Materials.","As of 2022/11/28, three of the transcribed diaries are believed to be owned by Mercury One, which owns the American Journey Experience, a museum in Irving, Texas.","Transcription of the Civil War diaries of Captain George Johnson of the 11th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. George Johnson was about 35 years old when he enlisted in the 11th Ohio Infantry in June 1861 and served in Companies A and K until late December 1863.","The transcription was completed by his descendant, Robert K. Johnson, in 2011, and includes the transcription of seven diaries from mid-1861 through December 1863. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_9d135ecdd19d51598111d5df52793a09\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Johnson, Robert K., fl. 2011","Johnson, George W., Captain, ca. 1826-1887"],"names_coll_ssim":["Johnson, George W., Captain, ca. 1826-1887","Johnson, Robert K., fl. 2011"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Johnson, Robert K., fl. 2011","Johnson, George W., Captain, ca. 1826-1887"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:59:29.663Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6910"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1769#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Whitmore Rare Books","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1769#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1769#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1769.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/216754","title_filing_ssi":"Brooks, Elizabeth Albee diary","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"text":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865","MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Good","This collection is minimally processed and open for research.","Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.","Source\nNew England Historic Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911. (Accessed through Ancestry)\nDudley, Dean. History of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 . Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)","This collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally.","The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Whitmore Rare Books","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-"],"creator_ssim":["Whitmore Rare Books","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society"],"creators_ssim":["Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Whitemore Rare Books by the Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia on 5 February 2024."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is minimally processed and open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is minimally processed and open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource\n\u003ccorpname\u003eNew England Historic Genealogical Society\u003c/corpname\u003e; Boston, Massachusetts;\u003ctitle\u003e Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911\u003c/title\u003e. (Accessed through Ancestry)\n\u003cpersname\u003eDudley, Dean\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026amp;c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 \u003c/title\u003e. Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.","Source\nNew England Historic Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911. (Accessed through Ancestry)\nDudley, Dean. History of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 . Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16890, Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16890, Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["Whitmore Rare Books"],"persname_ssim":["Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:43.518Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1769","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1769.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/216754","title_filing_ssi":"Brooks, Elizabeth Albee diary","title_ssm":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary"],"title_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1865"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"text":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865","MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Good","This collection is minimally processed and open for research.","Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.","Source\nNew England Historic Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911. (Accessed through Ancestry)\nDudley, Dean. History of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 . Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)","This collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally.","The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"collection_ssim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, 1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16890","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1769"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"creator_ssm":["Whitmore Rare Books","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-"],"creator_ssim":["Whitmore Rare Books","Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society"],"creators_ssim":["Brooks, Elizabeth Albee, 1830-","Dudley, Dean","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Whitmore Rare Books","New England Historic Genealogical Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from Whitemore Rare Books by the Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia on 5 February 2024."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good"],"extent_ssm":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"extent_tesim":[".03 Cubic Feet 1 letter folder"],"date_range_isim":[1865],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is minimally processed and open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is minimally processed and open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource\n\u003ccorpname\u003eNew England Historic Genealogical Society\u003c/corpname\u003e; Boston, Massachusetts;\u003ctitle\u003e Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911\u003c/title\u003e. (Accessed through Ancestry)\n\u003cpersname\u003eDudley, Dean\u003c/persname\u003e. \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026amp;c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 \u003c/title\u003e. Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) was born to Rev.Charles Brooks and Cecilia Williams. She had one brother, Charles Wolcott, who survived to adulthood. She lived in the Boston suburb of Medford for her entire life. She attended art classes and academic lectures in Medford before they were disrupted by the Civil War. Elizabeth returned to art classes when they resumed at the conclusion of the war in April 1865. Brooks also attended lectures and classes at the Boston Historical Society, Normal School, and the Athenaeum. She died of consumption in 1869 at the age of fourty-one.","Source\nNew England Historic Genealogical Society; Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts Vital Records, 1840–1911. (Accessed through Ancestry)\nDudley, Dean. History of the Dudley family: with genealogical tables, pedigrees, \u0026c.: Dudley, Dean, 1823-1906 . Wakefield, Mass.: D. Dudley publisher, 1886. (Accessed through Ancestry)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16890, Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16890, Elizabeth Albee Brooks Diary, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the diary of Elizabeth Albee Brooks (1828-1869) from 1865. Brooks was an artist in training who lived in Medford, Massachusetts. The diary has an inscription in the front endpaper that reads \"With many happy new years from her loving Auntie. Medford.\" The diary contains 124 entries handwritten in pencil graphite. It documents and gives insights into the experiences of adult, single women in suburban Northern communities as the Civil War came to a close. The diary documents her life, the resumption of art classes, notes of appointments with friends to attend performances, exhibits, and lectures, and grappling with a decision to travel to California with her brother Charlie or not. She notes friends having babies, losing husbands to the war. She also notes her travel which increases with the end of the war. Which includes trips to Boston, New York, and Newport, Rhode Island. Notable events in her diary include attending the Unitarian Convention of 1865 and the assassination of President Lincoln which she notes on April 15, which marked significant changes for her personally and nationally."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. 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Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1682#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1682","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1682","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1682","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1682","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1682.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/196864","title_filing_ssi":"Bartlett, Ellen Strong letters","title_ssm":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters"],"title_tesim":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1864-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1864-1897"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1864/1897"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897"],"text":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897","MSS 16854","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1682","United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","good","This collection is minimally processed and open for research.","Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett was born on March 28, 1849 to Ellen Root Strong and John Newton Bartlett in New Haven, Connecticut. Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County.","This collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor.","The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co.","Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897"],"collection_ssim":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16854","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1682"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16854","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1682"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_ssm":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","James Arsenault and Co."],"creator_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","James Arsenault and Co."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co."],"creators_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co."],"access_terms_ssm":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. 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Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett was born on March 28, 1849 to Ellen Root Strong and John Newton Bartlett in New Haven, Connecticut. Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16854, Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16854, Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. 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Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County.","This collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor.","The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co.","Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897"],"collection_ssim":["Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, 1864/1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16854","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1682"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16854","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1682"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States --  History  -- Civil War, 1861-1865","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_ssm":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","James Arsenault and Co."],"creator_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","James Arsenault and Co."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co."],"creators_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co."],"access_terms_ssm":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. 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Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Description"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett was born on March 28, 1849 to Ellen Root Strong and John Newton Bartlett in New Haven, Connecticut. Ellen began to write at a young age, principally focusing on her surroundings in New Haven. One of Bartlett's earliest books was \"Bits from Great Grandmother's Diary\", a collection of insights from her great grandmother who lived in Farmington and experienced the Revolutionary War. Ellen's great grandmother also served as an official editor for the Colony (later State) of Connecticut. Ellen's seminal work was \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\", published in 1897. The book is in part a collection of her writings that appeared in \"New England Magazine\" and \"The Connecticut Quarterly\". It offers a portrait of mid-nineteenth century New Haven, Connecticut through the exploration of centuries of history, photographs, architectural analysis, and folklore descriptions. Bartlett's \"Historical Sketches of New Haven\" set the precedent for how local histories were researched and written thereafter. Ellen died in New Haven on May 1, 1940 at the age of 91. She is interred at the Fairview Cemetery in Hartford County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16854, Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16854, Ellen Strong Bartlett letters, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains the letters of Ellen \"Nellie\" Strong Bartlett, author and historian, when she was sixteen years old. Ten letters describe her trip to Washington, D.C., from January to early March 1864. She stayed with her aunt and uncle, Julia and David Bartlett. David Bartlett wrote an early and influential campaign biography of Abraham Lincoln and served as the Clerk of the Committee on Elections in the House of Representatives. The letters describe her travels to Washington and the scene in the nation's capital shortly before the close of the Civil War. She tells her impressions of Lincoln and other political and military officials, accounts of public events, private parties, sightseeing excursions in and beyond the city, and the trends of ladies' fashion. Most letters are from Nellie to her family, most to her parents, but one to her grandmother. Also included is a letter written by her grandmother while Nellie was in Washington and a letter from her mother to Nellie while she visited her Grandparents in September. There is also one letter addressed to a woman named Sadie, written by Nellie's grandmother. In addition to the letters are a Certificate of Non-Liability, which exempted her father from the draft, and a prospectus for her book \"Historical Sketches of New Haven.\" Also included are transcripts of the letters from the vendor."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. Visit our Permissions and Publishing page for more information about use of Special Collections materials. The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The Library believes that all or nearly all material in this collection is likely to be in the public domain, free of copyright restrictions. 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The library can provide copyright information upon request, but users are responsible for making their own determination about lawful use of collections materials."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co."],"names_coll_ssim":["James Arsenault and Co."],"persname_ssim":["Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","James Arsenault and Co.","Bartlett, Ellen Strong, 1848-1940"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:43.518Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1682"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_421#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_421#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_421.xml","title_ssm":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers"],"title_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1880s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1880s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1875/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"text":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895","SC 0247","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Partial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request.","The two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders.","McClellan, H.B. The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.","Wert, Jeffry D. Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, 2008.","Williams, Richard G. Jr. The Battle of Waynesboro. Charleston: The History Press, 2014.","Elliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879.","The collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, published in 1885.","The undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:","\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"","\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"","\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026 rear, but they were soon checked.\"","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"collection_ssim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0247"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0247"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["James Madison University Special Collections acquired these papers from an eBay auction in August 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Partial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMcClellan, H.B. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWert, Jeffry D. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, 2008.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWilliams, Richard G. Jr. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Battle of Waynesboro\u003c/emph\u003e. Charleston: The History Press, 2014.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["McClellan, H.B. The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.","Wert, Jeffry D. Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, 2008.","Williams, Richard G. Jr. The Battle of Waynesboro. Charleston: The History Press, 2014."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, circa 1880s, SC 0247, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, circa 1880s, SC 0247, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart\u003c/emph\u003e, published in 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026amp; rear, but they were soon checked.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, published in 1885.","The undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:","\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"","\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"","\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026 rear, but they were soon checked.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_66a6c86e12e12db90eae76ac3b1bfdb8\"\u003eThe Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_421","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_421.xml","title_ssm":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers"],"title_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1880s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1880s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1875/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"text":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895","SC 0247","Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns","Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Partial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request.","The two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders.","McClellan, H.B. The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.","Wert, Jeffry D. Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, 2008.","Williams, Richard G. Jr. The Battle of Waynesboro. Charleston: The History Press, 2014.","Elliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879.","The collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, published in 1885.","The undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:","\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"","\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"","\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026 rear, but they were soon checked.\"","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"collection_ssim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, 1875/1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0247"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0247"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Correspondence","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["James Madison University Special Collections acquired these papers from an eBay auction in August 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Soldiers -- Virginia -- Correspondence","Gettysburg, Battle of, Gettysburg, Pa., 1863","Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.08 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.08 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Memoirs"],"date_range_isim":[1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Partial document transcriptions from the seller are available upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The two documents are arranged chronologically in two separate legal folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eMcClellan, H.B. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia\u003c/emph\u003e. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWert, Jeffry D. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eCavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart\u003c/emph\u003e. New York: Simon \u0026amp; Schuster, 2008.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eWilliams, Richard G. Jr. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Battle of Waynesboro\u003c/emph\u003e. Charleston: The History Press, 2014.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["McClellan, H.B. The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, commander of the cavalry of the army of northern Virginia. Richmond: Houghton, Mifflin and Co., 1885.","Wert, Jeffry D. Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J.E.B. Stuart. New York: Simon \u0026 Schuster, 2008.","Williams, Richard G. Jr. The Battle of Waynesboro. Charleston: The History Press, 2014."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elliott Guthrie Fishburne (also known as \"Fish\" or \"Ellie\") was born September 3, 1842 in Waynesboro, Virginia to Daniel and Margaret L. Guthrie Fishburne. He was married to Ella Letitia Vanlear Fishburne and they had three children. During the American Civil War he fought for the Confederacy in Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry, which fought in the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. According to published biographical information on Fishburne, he served as 3rd Sergeant for his regiment. After the war, Fishburne opened his own general merchandise store, \"Fishburne's Cheap Cash and Trade Store\" in Millboro Springs, Virginia. Shortly thereafter, he moved the business to its established location on Main Street in downtown Waynesboro, where it operated primarily as a drugstore until it was demolished in 1979. Fishburne died in Waynesboro on February 25, 1906. James Abbott Fishburne (1856-1923), Fishburne's brother, founded the Fishburne Military School in Waynesboro in 1879."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, circa 1880s, SC 0247, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers, circa 1880s, SC 0247, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart\u003c/emph\u003e, published in 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026amp; rear, but they were soon checked.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of two handwritten documents by E.G. Fishburne: one memoir and one letter. The letter, dated April 1, 1886, is six pages and addressed to \"Maj. H.B. McClellan,\" a fellow Confederate veteran who served as officer and adjutant general for Company G, 3rd Virginia Cavalry. As requested, Fishburne relates his recollection of the regiment's experience during the battle of Gettysburg. In addition, he offers both praise and corrections for McClellan's \"book.\" Fishburne writes, \"You ask if I have discovered any mistakes? So I will name or one or two as corrections . . . I like your book very much – read it with much interest. Have sold 20 copies only – I suppose they have sold many more in Staunton.\" Although Fishburne does not give the book title, he is presumably referring to McClellan's The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J.E.B. Stuart, published in 1885.","The undated memoir is two pages and contains the title \"The 1st VA Cavalry at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863\" written at the top of the document. Given the memoir's similarities to the letter in terms of stationary, penmanship, and condition, the memoir was likely written in the 1880s. As the title suggests, the document contains Fishburne's first-hand account of actions taken by Company E of the 1st Virginia Cavalry during the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863. Highlights include:","\"Very soon we were countermarched to take up another position when, just about the time the regiment got straightened out, the enemy was reported as charging, and overpowering our sharpshooters.\"","\"Just at this very critical point, while the enemy were overriding our dismounted men, the 1st VA having been countermarched, was standing in column of fours with its rear to the line of battle; the command was given us. By fours, right about wheel! Forward! Charge! and away we went!\"","\"I rode with General [J. E. B] Stuart a short distance while falling back, and got several shots at the pursuing enemy on our right \u0026 rear, but they were soon checked.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_66a6c86e12e12db90eae76ac3b1bfdb8\"\u003eThe Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Elliott Guthrie Fishburne Papers consist of one letter (1886) from Fishburne to H.B. McClellan, and one undated memoir (ca. 1880s) describing the 1st Virginia Cavalry at the battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Confederate States of America. Army. Virginia Cavalry Regiment, 1st. Company E -- History"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_421"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1186#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eOne autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. Hayes to Major Davis regarding reports about the American Civil War and Morgan's Raid in Buffington, Ohio, in July 1863.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1186#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1186.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126701","title_filing_ssi":"Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis","title_ssm":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis"],"title_tesim":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891 January"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1891 January"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891"],"text":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891","MSS 16651","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1186","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Presidents -- United States","Good.","The collection is open for research use.","Rutherford Birchard Hayes (/ˈrʌðərfərd/; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South.","Source:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22","One autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. Hayes to Major Davis regarding reports about the American Civil War and Morgan's Raid in Buffington, Ohio, in July 1863.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891"],"collection_ssim":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 16651","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1186"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 16651","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1186"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"places_ssim":["United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was a gift from Ronald Rubin to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library on July 5, 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Presidents -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Presidents -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Good."],"extent_ssm":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.03 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRutherford Birchard Hayes (/ˈrʌðərfərd/; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rutherford Birchard Hayes (/ˈrʌðərfərd/; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South.","Source:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16651, Rutherford B. Hayes letter to Major Davis, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16651, Rutherford B. Hayes letter to Major Davis, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. Hayes to Major Davis regarding reports about the American Civil War and Morgan's Raid in Buffington, Ohio, in July 1863.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["One autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. Hayes to Major Davis regarding reports about the American Civil War and Morgan's Raid in Buffington, Ohio, in July 1863."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:28:13.060Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1186","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1186.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/126701","title_filing_ssi":"Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis","title_ssm":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis"],"title_tesim":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis"],"unitdate_ssm":["1891 January"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1891 January"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1891"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891"],"text":["Hayes, Rutherford, B. letter to Major Davis, 1891","MSS 16651","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1186","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","Presidents -- United States","Good.","The collection is open for research use.","Rutherford Birchard Hayes (/ˈrʌðərfərd/; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South.","Source:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22","One autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. 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Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Rutherford Birchard Hayes (/ˈrʌðərfərd/; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor of Ohio. Before the U.S. Civil War, Hayes was a lawyer and staunch abolitionist who defended refugee slaves in court proceedings. He served in the Union Army and the House of Representatives before assuming the presidency. His presidency represents a turning point in U.S. history, as historians consider it the formal end of Reconstruction. By placating southern Democrats, Hayes ended all federal efforts to bring racial equality to the South.","Source:\n\"Rutherford B. Hayes\" Wikipedia. Accessed 1/27/22"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 16651, Rutherford B. Hayes letter to Major Davis, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 16651, Rutherford B. Hayes letter to Major Davis, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne autographed signed letter by Rutherford B. 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Staysa Civil War Diary, 1862","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1597#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1597","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1597","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1597","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1597","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1597.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/192532","title_filing_ssi":"Staysa, John, G. Civil War Diary","title_ssm":["John G. Staysa Civil War Diary"],"title_tesim":["John G. Staysa Civil War Diary"],"unitdate_ssm":["January 25 - June 2, 1862"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["January 25 - June 2, 1862"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John G. Staysa Civil War Diary, 1862"],"text":["John G. Staysa Civil War Diary, 1862","MSS 16812","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1597","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","diaries","The collection is open for research use.","Co. B, 184th Pennsylvania. Staysa, John G. Mustered in as PVT, May 12, 1864. Promoted CPL, date unknown. Killed near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Originally buried on the Ruffin Plantation, one mile north of Meade Station and East of the railroad then reinterred in City Point.\nFather #110597260 Josiah D. Staysa( 1850 Potter co PA Census)..Mother #110614093 Susannah Barnes Staysa.. Both buried Clara Cemetery Potter CO. PA...","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["John G. Staysa Civil War Diary, 1862"],"collection_ssim":["John G. 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B, 184th Pennsylvania. Staysa, John G. Mustered in as PVT, May 12, 1864. Promoted CPL, date unknown. Killed near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Originally buried on the Ruffin Plantation, one mile north of Meade Station and East of the railroad then reinterred in City Point.\nFather #110597260 Josiah D. Staysa( 1850 Potter co PA Census)..Mother #110614093 Susannah Barnes Staysa.. Both buried Clara Cemetery Potter CO. PA...\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Co. B, 184th Pennsylvania. Staysa, John G. Mustered in as PVT, May 12, 1864. Promoted CPL, date unknown. Killed near Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864. Originally buried on the Ruffin Plantation, one mile north of Meade Station and East of the railroad then reinterred in City Point.\nFather #110597260 Josiah D. Staysa( 1850 Potter co PA Census)..Mother #110614093 Susannah Barnes Staysa.. Both buried Clara Cemetery Potter CO. 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