{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=China\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=China\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nagurney, Mr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"text":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","There are no access restrictions.","The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","Series 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.","Glass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.","Glass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Glass negative of a street destroyed by combat.","Glass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.","Series 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.","Map of the northern area of China around Jehol province.","Map of communist controlled China in 1932.","Map of former Jehol province with elevation.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province.","Map of former Jehol province with railroads.","Map of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.","Map of areas of China invaded by Japan.","Map of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.","Map of Eurasia.","Caption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".","Series 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.","Armored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.","Machine gun mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.","Aerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Close up view of guns mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Armored train with guns.","Armored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.","Two soldiers loading an infantry mortar.","Soldiers firing machine guns from trenches.","Soldiers in the field with cannon.","Soldiers marching and towing a cannon.","Two soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.","Several cannons being fired during combat.","Soldiers marching and towing cannon.","Several groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.","Soldiers in the field with a cannon.","Fengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.","Two soldiers loading a mortar.","Two soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.","Two soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.","Several soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Soldiers behind a barricade on a city street.","Soldiers in combat with machine guns.","Soldiers firing machine guns during combat.","Two soldiers posed with large binoculars.","Two soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.","A group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.","Soldier with gun.","Western (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.","Western (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.","View from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.","Aerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.","Completely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.","Street scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.","Aerial view of a large section of destroyed city.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.","Demolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.","Demolished urban area with buildings in background.","Urban area destroyed by combat.","Damage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.","Street scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.","Chinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.","Aerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.","Street scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.","Pile of smoldering rubble.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.","Civilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.","View of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.","Civilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.","View of rubble.","A soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.","Destroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.","Soldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.","War casualties arranged in a pile.","Mass grave or pile of war casualties.","Series 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.","Portrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.","Dock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.","Large ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.","Several battleships at sea, possibly during combat.","Western troops on a street corner with a horse cart.","Aerial view of the Great Wall of China.","Image of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.","Large ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.","Several automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.","Aerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.","Man displaying a mortar bomb/shell.","The Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.","Image of a western style building with graveyard in front.","Image of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.","Image of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","View of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.","View of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of a street destroyed by combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the northern area of China around Jehol province.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of communist controlled China in 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with elevation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of areas of China invaded by Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Eurasia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMachine gun mounted on an armored train.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLong view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClose up view of guns mounted on an armored train.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLong view of an armored train stopped at a station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train with guns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading an infantry mortar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers firing machine guns from trenches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field with cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers marching and towing a cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers firing a cannon during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral cannons being fired during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers marching and towing cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field with a cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading a mortar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field during combat with tanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field during combat with tanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers fighting from behind a barricade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers behind a barricade on a city street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in combat with machine guns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers firing machine guns during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers posed with large binoculars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldier with gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompletely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of a large section of destroyed city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemolished urban area with buildings in background.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrban area destroyed by combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDamage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePile of smoldering rubble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of rubble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDestroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of burn victims/casualties of combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWar casualties arranged in a pile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMass grave or pile of war casualties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral battleships at sea, possibly during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern troops on a street corner with a horse cart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of the Great Wall of China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMan displaying a mortar bomb/shell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building with graveyard in front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge western style building in a busy city intersection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge western style building in a busy city intersection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","Series 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.","Glass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.","Glass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Glass negative of a street destroyed by combat.","Glass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.","Series 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.","Map of the northern area of China around Jehol province.","Map of communist controlled China in 1932.","Map of former Jehol province with elevation.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province.","Map of former Jehol province with railroads.","Map of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.","Map of areas of China invaded by Japan.","Map of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.","Map of Eurasia.","Caption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".","Series 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.","Armored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.","Machine gun mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.","Aerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Close up view of guns mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Armored train with guns.","Armored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.","Two soldiers loading an infantry mortar.","Soldiers firing machine guns from trenches.","Soldiers in the field with cannon.","Soldiers marching and towing a cannon.","Two soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.","Several cannons being fired during combat.","Soldiers marching and towing cannon.","Several groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.","Soldiers in the field with a cannon.","Fengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.","Two soldiers loading a mortar.","Two soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.","Two soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.","Several soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Soldiers behind a barricade on a city street.","Soldiers in combat with machine guns.","Soldiers firing machine guns during combat.","Two soldiers posed with large binoculars.","Two soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.","A group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.","Soldier with gun.","Western (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.","Western (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.","View from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.","Aerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.","Completely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.","Street scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.","Aerial view of a large section of destroyed city.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.","Demolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.","Demolished urban area with buildings in background.","Urban area destroyed by combat.","Damage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.","Street scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.","Chinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.","Aerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.","Street scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.","Pile of smoldering rubble.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.","Civilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.","View of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.","Civilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.","View of rubble.","A soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.","Destroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.","Soldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.","War casualties arranged in a pile.","Mass grave or pile of war casualties.","Series 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.","Portrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.","Dock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.","Large ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.","Several battleships at sea, possibly during combat.","Western troops on a street corner with a horse cart.","Aerial view of the Great Wall of China.","Image of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.","Large ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.","Several automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.","Aerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.","Man displaying a mortar bomb/shell.","The Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.","Image of a western style building with graveyard in front.","Image of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.","Image of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","View of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.","View of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:53:30.607Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_191.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection","title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1923-1933"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1923-1933"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1923/1933"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"text":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933","C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191","Manchuria (China)","China","Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives","There are no access restrictions.","The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.","Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)","The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.","Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","Series 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.","Glass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.","Glass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Glass negative of a street destroyed by combat.","Glass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.","Series 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.","Map of the northern area of China around Jehol province.","Map of communist controlled China in 1932.","Map of former Jehol province with elevation.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province.","Map of former Jehol province with railroads.","Map of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.","Map of areas of China invaded by Japan.","Map of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.","Map of Eurasia.","Caption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".","Series 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.","Armored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.","Machine gun mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.","Aerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Close up view of guns mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Armored train with guns.","Armored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.","Two soldiers loading an infantry mortar.","Soldiers firing machine guns from trenches.","Soldiers in the field with cannon.","Soldiers marching and towing a cannon.","Two soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.","Several cannons being fired during combat.","Soldiers marching and towing cannon.","Several groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.","Soldiers in the field with a cannon.","Fengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.","Two soldiers loading a mortar.","Two soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.","Two soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.","Several soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Soldiers behind a barricade on a city street.","Soldiers in combat with machine guns.","Soldiers firing machine guns during combat.","Two soldiers posed with large binoculars.","Two soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.","A group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.","Soldier with gun.","Western (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.","Western (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.","View from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.","Aerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.","Completely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.","Street scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.","Aerial view of a large section of destroyed city.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.","Demolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.","Demolished urban area with buildings in background.","Urban area destroyed by combat.","Damage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.","Street scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.","Chinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.","Aerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.","Street scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.","Pile of smoldering rubble.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.","Civilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.","View of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.","Civilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.","View of rubble.","A soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.","Destroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.","Soldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.","War casualties arranged in a pile.","Mass grave or pile of war casualties.","Series 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.","Portrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.","Dock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.","Large ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.","Several battleships at sea, possibly during combat.","Western troops on a street corner with a horse cart.","Aerial view of the Great Wall of China.","Image of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.","Large ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.","Several automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.","Aerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.","Man displaying a mortar bomb/shell.","The Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.","Image of a western style building with graveyard in front.","Image of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.","Image of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","View of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.","View of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues.","No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)","The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"collection_ssim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, 1923/1933"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"unitid_tesim":["C0200","/repositories/2/resources/191"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"geogname_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"places_ssim":["Manchuria (China)","China"],"creator_ssm":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"creators_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"access_terms_ssm":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Mr. Nagurney in 1978."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Collodion process","Lantern slides","War crimes","War","Mukden Incident, China, 1931","War casualties","Artillery","Glass negatives"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire collection is available online through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~29~29\" title=\"Japanese invasion of Manchuria collection\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The entire collection is available online through the .  You can also access the digital items through the inventory on this finding aid."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into four series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into four series.","Series\n      Series 1: Negatives, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 2: Maps, 1920s-1930s (Box 1)\n      Series 3: War Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Boxes 1-2)\n      Series 4: General Photographs, 1920s-1930s (Box 2)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The majority of the photographs in this collection appear to document the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. On September 19, 1931, the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria following the Mukden (Manchurian) Incident."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJapanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection, C0200, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011. EAD created by Kristen Korfitzen in November 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections of lantern slides."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of a street destroyed by combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the northern area of China around Jehol province.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of communist controlled China in 1932.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with elevation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with railroads.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of areas of China invaded by Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Eurasia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMachine gun mounted on an armored train.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLong view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClose up view of guns mounted on an armored train.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLong view of an armored train stopped at a station.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train with guns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading an infantry mortar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers firing machine guns from trenches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field with cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers marching and towing a cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers firing a cannon during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral cannons being fired during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers marching and towing cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field with a cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading a mortar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field during combat with tanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in the field during combat with tanks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers fighting from behind a barricade.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers behind a barricade on a city street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers in combat with machine guns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers firing machine guns during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers posed with large binoculars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJapanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldier with gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompletely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of a large section of destroyed city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemolished urban area with buildings in background.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrban area destroyed by combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDamage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStreet scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePile of smoldering rubble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of rubble.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDestroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of burn victims/casualties of combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWar casualties arranged in a pile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMass grave or pile of war casualties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral battleships at sea, possibly during combat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWestern troops on a street corner with a horse cart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of the Great Wall of China.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMan displaying a mortar bomb/shell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building with graveyard in front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImage of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge western style building in a busy city intersection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge western style building in a busy city intersection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eView of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933. The maps mainly show Jehol Province, which in 1955 was dissolved and incorporated into several other provinces. The maps highlight several passes in Jehol strategically important for the Japanese invasion. Other maps in the collection include larger areas of the Republic of China, areas of China under Communist control prior to the Chinese Civil War, and maps of Asia and Eurasia. The photo slides show various images of war throughout a possible 10 to 20 year period. The images include; soldiers in and out of combat, soldiers transporting weapons, soldiers demonstrating and displaying weapons, civilian casualties, destruction of cities, rebuilding of cities, armored vehicles and buildings around Manchuria. Images of soldiers could be from both Chinese and Japanese armies.","Series 1 consists of four glass negatives. The negatives feature images of soldiers in combat and are reproduced as lantern slides in the general collection.","Series 2 consists of map slides. Several slides depict maps of Jehol province dated to 1933. Maps of Jehol highlight areas of strategic importance for the Japanese invasion, routes of transportation, and combat maneuvers. Other maps in this series include larger maps of China, maps of Asia, maps of Eastern Hemisphere with the Eurasian continent highlighted and maps of areas of interest for the Japanese Empire.","Series 3 contains photographic slides relating to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other conflicts in the region during a similar time period. Images represented in these slides include pictures relating to all aspects of war and conflict. Many of the images document the damage inflicted on urban areas in China, including the destruction of entire cities. Civilians in these images go about their daily business amongst demolished buildings and rubble strewn streets. Several images document the Chinese and Japanese armies' use of weaponry and combat tactics. Weapons such as armored trains, first introduced in China during the Japanese invasion, cannon, mortar and machine guns are picture in use and for display purposes. Images of soldiers show them in active combat and occupying war camps. Lastly, graphic images of war casualties show bodies burned and assembled in large piles and mass graves.","Series 4 contains photographic slides of Manchuria and other areas. Photographs in this series depict urban areas of China, featuring scenes of residents and soldiers populating city streets and public squares. Images in this series also highlight historically and culturally significant architecture showing both Western and Chinese style buildings. Also included in this series are images of battleships and other large ships at sea and a major port.","Series 1 contains glass negatives featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.","Glass negative of soldiers firing a machine gun.","Glass negative of soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Glass negative of a street destroyed by combat.","Glass negative of two soldiers standing on a destroyed street.","Series 2 contains several lantern slides of maps including maps of China, Asia, and the Eastern Hemisphere.","Map of the northern area of China around Jehol province.","Map of communist controlled China in 1932.","Map of former Jehol province with elevation.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province with tactical maneuvers.","Map of former Jehol province.","Map of former Jehol province with railroads.","Map of former Jehol province with strategically important passes through the Great Wall of China.","Map of areas of China invaded by Japan.","Map of central Asia including China, Mongolia, Korea, Tibet, India and Russia.","Map of Eurasia.","Caption reads \"Japan's Mandate and its Setting\".","Series 3 contains photographic slides featuring images from the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and other military conflicts.","Armored train stopped at a station. Two soldiers appear, one on the train and one on the platform.","Machine gun mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train with soldiers aboard.","Aerial view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Close up view of guns mounted on an armored train.","Long view of an armored train stopped at a station.","Armored train with guns.","Armored train with two flags, the flag of the Republic of China, or \"Five Races Under One Union\" and one unidentified flag.","Two soldiers loading an infantry mortar.","Soldiers firing machine guns from trenches.","Soldiers in the field with cannon.","Soldiers marching and towing a cannon.","Two soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon during combat.","Group of soldiers firing a cannon in the field during combat.","Several cannons being fired during combat.","Soldiers marching and towing cannon.","Several groups of soldiers firing large cannons during combat.","Soldiers in the field with a cannon.","Fengtien soldiers standing with 150mm Howitzer cannon.","Two soldiers loading a mortar.","Two soldiers loading a mortar in an army camp.","Two soldiers posing with mortar and shell in an army camp.","Several soldiers load a mortar in an army camp.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers in the field during combat with tanks.","Soldiers fighting from behind a barricade.","Soldiers behind a barricade on a city street.","Soldiers in combat with machine guns.","Soldiers firing machine guns during combat.","Two soldiers posed with large binoculars.","Two soldiers engaged in combat on a street corner.","A group of soldiers on lookout, one perched on a large pole.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter.","Japanese or Chinese cavalry marching in winter. Same image as 1-51 but with a different label.","Soldier with gun.","Western (possibly Russian) sailors on street with civilians.","Western (possibly Russian) standing in a shallow trench in the street with other military personnel and civilians.","View from the street of a destroyed building, possibly a house.","Aerial view of several blocks of destroyed buildings due to combat.","Completely demolished street, strewn with rubble and no intact buildings.","Street scene with civilians and military walking through a public square. The buildings in the square have been heavily damaged due to combat.","Aerial view of a large section of destroyed city.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street.","Demolished urban area with two large buildings intact in the background.","Demolished urban area with buildings in background.","Urban area destroyed by combat.","Damage due to combat in a large section of a city along a river. In the background is a harbor with battle ships.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of an urban area along a river.","Aerial view of damage due to combat of a large urban area along a river including several bridges.","Street scene with civilians walking amongst destroyed buildings.","Chinese style tower destroyed by a Japanese shell.","Aerial view of people walking through the streets of a demolished city. In the background a large building remains intact.","Street scene of civilians walking through a demolished street. A large round building and overhead tram cables remain intact.","Pile of smoldering rubble.","Civilians weeding through rubble in a demolished street. In front of them is a large damaged building.","Civilian standing on a street corner in front of a completely demolished building.","View of a demolished street. In the background a temple can be seen.","Civilians walking, riding bikes and driving down a street in front of a very large destroyed building.","View of rubble.","A soldier stands in front of destroyed buildings in full uniform with gun.","Destroyed Shanhaikwan pass through the Great Wall. Now modern day Shanhaiguan.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat.","Image of burn victims/casualties of combat, arranged in a pile.","Soldiers or civilians carrying victims on a stretcher.","War casualties arranged in a pile.","Mass grave or pile of war casualties.","Series 4 contains photographs from Manchuria of general subject matter.","Portrait of Chang Tso-Hsiang, Chinese Commander in Chief.","Dock or harbor loaded with sandbags and other supplies.","Large ship docked at a harbor with personnel loading or unloading supplies.","Several battleships at sea, possibly during combat.","Western troops on a street corner with a horse cart.","Aerial view of the Great Wall of China.","Image of people standing, sitting, and walking in a public square. Could possibly be a market.","Large ship out at sea with several other ships surrounding it.","Several automobiles driving down a city street. Buildings on the street are undergoing reconstruction/renovation.","Aerial view of a walled city or palace on a hill.","Man displaying a mortar bomb/shell.","The Great Fortress of \"Potala\" in Chengteh. Possibly the Chengde Mountain Resort.","Image of a western style building with graveyard in front.","Image of a western style building on a residential street. Possibly a large house or small hotel.","Image of a western style building with a fountain in front of it. Possibly a hotel.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","Large western style building in a busy city intersection.","View of the front steps and gate of a building. A sign on the gate has wording in Chinese.","View of the front steps of a building, decorated with Chinese lion statues."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8e09b4d420beb4280c6f583203812a7f\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Japanese invasion of Manchuria photograph collection consists of 99 lantern slides and 4 glass negatives. The majority of the slides show images of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1932, but many also show images of conflict from earlier periods possibly including the Chinese revolution of 1911 and the reign of the Manchurian warlord Zhang Zuolin. Some slides in the collection are dated and several images show weapons, tanks and trains that were not introduced into China until the Japanese invasion in the 1930s. Several of the slides are maps dated to 1933."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun"],"names_coll_ssim":["Japan. Rikugun"],"persname_ssim":["Nagurney, Mr."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Japan. Rikugun","Nagurney, Mr."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":107,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:53:30.607Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_191"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_154.xml","title_ssm":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960s-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960s-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"text":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008","C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154","Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa","Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into five series:","Series\n      Series 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\n      Series 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)","Kjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes.","Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011.","Special Collections Research Centera also holds the .","Kjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website .","This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography.","Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books.","Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type.","Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography.","Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series.","Series 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.","20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles","20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae","20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae","20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus","20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone","20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea","20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae","20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis","20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae","20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum","20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree","20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius","20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura","20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica","9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae","38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae","13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum","20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera","20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae","20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus","20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae","20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid","154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes","20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium","20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita","20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum","20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae","6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae","145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.","Series 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.","20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid","20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae","44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae","16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly","20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae","20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae","103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.","17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae","15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte","20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.","Series 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.","20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands","18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.","20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.","20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.","20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.","20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.","18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.","22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.","13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.","20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.","20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.","20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.","18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.","30 slides of giraffes.","4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.","10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.","2 slides of forked tail gull.","21 slides of the hartebeest.","20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.","20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.","20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.","20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.","20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.","20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.","20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.","20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.","17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.","30 slides of zebras.","33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.","20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.","1 slide of a conch.","26 slides of coral.","13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.","20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.","20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.","20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.","32 slides of various species of anemone.","8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.","20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.","20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.","7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.","5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)","Series 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.","48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.","2 Slides of Shells","3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses","4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages","2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment","44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street","12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home","6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads","3 Slides of boats","4 Slides of land erosion and land","4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.","2 slides of totem poles","12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.","An order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters","4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved","Copy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters","A Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most.","R10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution","Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"unitid_tesim":["C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"geogname_ssim":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"places_ssim":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"creator_ssm":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"creators_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Kjell Sandved in 2005-2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into five series:","Series\n      Series 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\n      Series 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Kjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes.","Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKjell Sandved nature photograph collection, C0020, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, C0020, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Centera also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0077\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Butterfly Alphabet\" href=\"http://www.butterflyalphabet.com/main/index.php\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Centera also holds the .","Kjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 slides of giraffes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 slides of forked tail gull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 slides of the hartebeest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 slides of zebras.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 slide of a conch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 slides of coral.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e32 slides of various species of anemone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 Slides of Shells\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 Slides of boats\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Slides of land erosion and land\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 slides of totem poles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography.","Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books.","Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type.","Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography.","Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series.","Series 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.","20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles","20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae","20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae","20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus","20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone","20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea","20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae","20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis","20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae","20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum","20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree","20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius","20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura","20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica","9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae","38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae","13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum","20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera","20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae","20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus","20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae","20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid","154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes","20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium","20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita","20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum","20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae","6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae","145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.","Series 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.","20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid","20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae","44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae","16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly","20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae","20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae","103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.","17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae","15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte","20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.","Series 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.","20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands","18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.","20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.","20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.","20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.","20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.","18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.","22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.","13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.","20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.","20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.","20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.","18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.","30 slides of giraffes.","4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.","10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.","2 slides of forked tail gull.","21 slides of the hartebeest.","20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.","20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.","20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.","20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.","20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.","20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.","20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.","20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.","17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.","30 slides of zebras.","33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.","20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.","1 slide of a conch.","26 slides of coral.","13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.","20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.","20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.","20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.","32 slides of various species of anemone.","8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.","20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.","20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.","7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.","5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)","Series 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.","48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.","2 Slides of Shells","3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses","4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages","2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment","44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street","12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home","6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads","3 Slides of boats","4 Slides of land erosion and land","4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.","2 slides of totem poles","12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.","An order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters","4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved","Copy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters","A Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_10ef9340f0c855f7b907ca18baf4ab9c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4d5308de02ac5884a285bfdff127338f\"\u003eR10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Smithsonian Institution"],"persname_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution","Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":117,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:53:08.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_154.xml","title_ssm":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection"],"title_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960s-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960s-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"text":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008","C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154","Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa","Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into five series:","Series\n      Series 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\n      Series 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)","Kjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes.","Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011.","Special Collections Research Centera also holds the .","Kjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website .","This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography.","Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books.","Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type.","Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography.","Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series.","Series 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.","20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles","20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae","20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae","20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus","20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone","20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea","20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae","20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis","20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae","20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum","20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree","20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius","20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura","20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica","9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae","38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae","13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum","20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera","20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae","20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus","20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae","20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid","154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes","20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium","20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita","20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum","20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae","6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae","145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.","Series 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.","20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid","20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae","44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae","16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly","20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae","20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae","103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.","17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae","15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte","20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.","Series 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.","20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands","18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.","20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.","20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.","20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.","20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.","18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.","22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.","13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.","20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.","20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.","20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.","18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.","30 slides of giraffes.","4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.","10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.","2 slides of forked tail gull.","21 slides of the hartebeest.","20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.","20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.","20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.","20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.","20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.","20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.","20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.","20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.","17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.","30 slides of zebras.","33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.","20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.","1 slide of a conch.","26 slides of coral.","13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.","20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.","20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.","20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.","32 slides of various species of anemone.","8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.","20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.","20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.","7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.","5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)","Series 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.","48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.","2 Slides of Shells","3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses","4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages","2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment","44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street","12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home","6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads","3 Slides of boats","4 Slides of land erosion and land","4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.","2 slides of totem poles","12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.","An order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters","4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved","Copy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters","A Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most.","R10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution","Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, 1960/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"unitid_tesim":["C0020","/repositories/2/resources/154"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"geogname_ssim":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"places_ssim":["Sri Lanka","Nova Scotia","Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Qld.)","Grand Canyon (Ariz.)","Japan","China","Australia","Asia","Africa"],"creator_ssm":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"creators_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Kjell Sandved in 2005-2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Beetles","Botany","Orchids","Legumes","Dragonflies","Corals -- Photographs","Jellyfishes","Cactus","Birds","Slides (Photography)","Sea anemones","Hermit crabs","Lizards","Penguins","Zoology","Natural history","Lepidopterology","Monuments -- Washington (D.C.)","Plant morphology","Butterflies","Moths","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into five series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into five series:","Series\n      Series 1: Plants 1960s-1980s (Boxes 1-3)\n      Series 2: Insects 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 3: Landscape 1960s-1980s (Box 4)\n      Series 4: Animals 1960s-1980s (Boxes 5-6)\n      Series 5: General 1960s-1980s (Box 6)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Kjell B. Sandved is a nature photographer who has traveled the world taking pictures of butterflies and moths. Trekking through the rain forests of Brazil and New Guinea and the jungles of the Far East, Sandved photographed butterflies in their natural habitat during the early morning and late afternoon when cooler temperatures kept them inactive. On moonless nights he attracted moths with portable mercury lights. Over the years, Sandved has found a fantastic array of shapes and patterns on butterflies including every letter of the English alphabet, smiling faces, red hearts, and animal shapes.","Sandved also worked at the Smithsonian Institution Museum of Natural History. During his 32 year career there, Kjell Sandved has filmed penguins and seals in Antarctica, marine life and coral reefs in the Caribbean and Pacific, excavations of Early Bronze-Age Man at the Dead Sea, social behavior of orangutans in Kalimantan, and the world's largest flower, the Rafflesia Arnoldi, in Sumatra. He lectured with the Smithsonian Associates at schools and colleges around the United States on animal behavior and nature photography. Sandved has published two encyclopedias: The World of Music and The World of Art. He has also co-authored nine books: Butterfly Magic, Insect Magic, Shells, Butterflies, Rain forest and Cloud forest, Leaves, Bark, Butterfly Alphabet, and Spiders in the Smithsonian."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKjell Sandved nature photograph collection, C0020, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Kjell Sandved nature photograph collection, C0020, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty in August 2009. Additional processing and EAD markup completed by Kristen Korfitzen in September 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Centera also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Edith McChesney Ker papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0077\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Butterfly Alphabet\" href=\"http://www.butterflyalphabet.com/main/index.php\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Centera also holds the .","Kjell B. Sandved owns and maintains his own website ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 slides of giraffes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 slides of forked tail gull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e21 slides of the hartebeest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 slides of zebras.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1 slide of a conch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e26 slides of coral.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e32 slides of various species of anemone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 Slides of Shells\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 Slides of boats\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Slides of land erosion and land\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 slides of totem poles\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell B. Sandved. Spanning a 20 year period, the slides represent the bulk of Kjell B. Sandved's work from the early 1960s through the late 1980s. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed. In addition to insects and animals, the Kjell B. Sandved collection includes numerous landscape slides and images of people and objects representing cultures from around the world. Slides in the collection demonstrate a wide variety of photographic technique including wide angle shots, close cropped shots, aerial photography, microscopic photography, and underwater photography. Included with the slides is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his published works and his commercial photography.","Series 1 contains over one thousand Kodachrome slides of plants. The bulk of the series includes domestic, European and tropical flowers. Also represented are several types of tree, cactus and grass. Included within this series are slides of fungus. Images of flowers, trees, and fungus are categorized by family and species. The series contains over a hundred slides of orchids representing a wide spectrum of distinct orchid species. Slides of anthropomorphic plants are similar to those published in Kjell B. Sandved's books.","Series 2 contains several hundred slides of insects. Comprised of mostly moth and butterfly photography, the series also contains a wide variety of beetles as well as snails, mites, ants, weevils, worms and dragonflies. Many photographs from Kjell B. Sandved's published works such as The Butterfly Alphabet are represented in this slide collection. Photographs of moths and butterflies include full body depictions but also Sandved's familiar faces and letters found in their wings. The majority of slides are labeled with family, genus and species as well as their common name. Slides in this series are organized by family and type.","Series 3 is comprised of over 200 slides of landscape photography. Traditional landscapes, urban landscapes and seascapes represent Kjell B Sandved's extensive travels. The series contains numerous slides of the Grand Canyon and the Great Barrier Reef, as well as photographs of urban areas in south east Asia and the United states.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Represented in the series is a variety of species from around the globe. Subjects include domesticated animals such as cats, pigs and cattle, a large collection of animals indigenous to Africa, arctic penguins, and a variety of sea life. The series contains a large collection of Coral images including florescent corals. The series also represents a variety of photographic techniques including underwater photography, microscopic photography, and black light photography.","Series 5 contains general photographs spanning a 20 year period of Kjell B. Sandved's career. Included in the series are numerous photographs of museum artifacts and museum displays documenting Sandved's work as a scholar at the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. The series also includes a large collection of photographs of people from around the world. Many pictures of school children, indigenous tribes, and tourists represent the people Kjell B. Sandved met and interacted with during his extensive career. Also included are images of transportation, monuments and miscellaneous photography. Grouped with Series 5 is an original copy of Kjell B. Sandved's book The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material for his other published works and Butterfly Poster series.","Series 1 contains 1,045 Kodachrome slides picturing various plant life such as tropical plants, orchids, trees and fungus. Slides which are labeled are organized by family and species. Slides that are not labeled are grouped together.","20 slides: Flowers and trees; acanthaceae through agricoles","20 slides: Flowers and trees; alangiaceae through apocynaceae","20 slides: Trees; apocynaceae through araceae","20 slides: Flowers; araceae through asapagus","20 slides: Flowers and trees; asclepiadaceae through beloperone","20 slides: Flowers and trees; beloperone through bougainvillea","20 slides: Flowers and trees; bougainvillea through bromeliaceae","20 slides: Trees; bromeliaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; bromeliaceae through cactaceae","20 slides: Flowers, trees and cactus; cactaceae through calotropis","20 slides: Flowers and trees; calotropis through citrus Limon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; chamaecyparis through cruciferae","20 slides: Flowers, trees, and fruit; crinum through cyperaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees: datura candida through epidendrum","20 slides: Flowers and trees; epiphytic through euphorbiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees, euphorbiaceae through forbidden fruit tree","20 slides: Flowers, trees and fungus; fouquieriaceae through maresmius","20 slides: Fungus and flowers; gazania through graminae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; Graminae through Gynura","20 slides: Flowers and trees: haemodoraceae through ipomoea indica","9 slides: Flowers and trees; iris through liliaceae","38 slides: Flowers and trees; leguminosae","13 slides: Flowers and trees; lenticles on tree through lilium tigrinum","20 Slides: Flowers and trees, limonium latifolium through mammillaria gummifera","20 slides: Flowers and trees; mangifera indica through musaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; musaceae through myrtaceae","20 Slides: Flowers and trees: myrtaceae through myrtus","20 slides: Flowers and fungus; myxomycete through nymphaceae","20 slides: Flowers; nymphaea through arachnis hookeriana orchid","154 slides: Orchids; arundina graminifolia through vanda miss agnes","20 slides: Flowers and fruit; oxalis through pelargonium","20 slides: Flowers and trees; peperomia through portea petropolita","20 slides: Flowers; portea petropolita through ranunculaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; ranunculaceae through rubiaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; runnia sarmentosa through solanaceae","20 slides: Flowers and trees; solanaceae datura through strongylodon","20 slides: Flowers and trees; sunflower through venidium fastuosum","20 slides: Flowers; yellow flowers through zingiberaceae","6 Slides: Flowers; zingiberaceae","145 Slides. Several slides of bright tropical flowers, trees, and leaves. All slides are unlabeled but some are dated. Includes slides of palm trees, orchids, and marine plants.","Series 2 contains several hundred Kodachrome slides of insects including hundreds of slides of moths and butterflies. The series also contains some photographs used for Kjell B Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and Butterfly Posters. Insects are grouped by type and family.","20 slides: Beetles; paussidae through chrysomelid","20 slides: Beetles and butterflies; coleoptera through helicondiae","44 slides: Butterflies; heliconidae through satyridae","16 slides: Moths, cockroaches, and flies; cenuchidae through cranefly","20 slides: Moths, flies and katydid; ctenuchidae through tettigoniidae","20 slides: Koa Bug, mites and moths; scutelleridae through geometridae","103 slides: Moths; arctiidae through sphingidae. Includes portraits of Kjell B. Sandved with moths.","17 slides: Spiders, snails, stink bugs, ticks, and tree hoppers; psocoptera through membracidae","15 slides: Tree Hoppers, wasps, weevils, worms: membracidae through sabellastarte","20 slides: General insect photos including butterflies, moths, walking sticks, beetles, and dragonflies.","Series 3 includes pictures of different landscapes. Pictures in this series cover subject matter from all over the world, including photography of the Grand Canyon in Arizona, the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia, and urban China. Slides in this series are grouped by area.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, African desert, Alaska, and Antarctic.","20 slides including pictures of the Grand Canyon, the Great Barrier Reef, Borneo, and Australia.","20 slides including pictures of Australia, China, Connecticut, Costa Rica, the Falkland Islands, and the Galapagos Islands","18 slides of the Great Barrier Reef. 2 slides of Hawaii.","20 slides including pictures of Hawaii, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, and Jordan.","20 slides including pictures of Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Zealand, New England, and North Carolina.","20 slides including pictures of Norway, Nova Scotia, Oregon, and Pago Pago.","20 slides including pictures of Panama, Portugal, Sabah and Sri Lanka.","18 slides including pictures of Tanzania, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington DC.","22 unidentified slides including pictures of Asian, European and Ancient architecture and pictures of various beaches, huts, and a desert scene.","13 unidentified slides including pictures of a harbor, beaches, the sky, huts, and a store front.","Series 4 contains hundreds of slides of animal photography. Included are pictures of domestic animals such as cats and livestock, as well as wild animals from a variety of different habitats. Series 4 includes a large collection of marine life photography slides which have been grouped together by family.","20 slides of animal photography, including: birds (albatross, anhinga and black skimmers), fruit bats, African buffaloes, and cape hunting dogs.","20 slides of animal photography including: Cape hunting dogs, cattle, cranes, cheetahs and dolphins.","20 slides of animal photography including: dolphins, birds (ducks and doves), and elephants.","18 slides of animal photography including: elephants, frogs, lizards (geckos and Galapagos lizards), gazelles, and gibbons.","30 slides of giraffes.","4 slides of animal photography including: Goats, and gorillas.","10 Slides of the greater kudu. 2 Slides of forked tail gull.","2 slides of forked tail gull.","21 slides of the hartebeest.","20 slides of animal photography including: birds (hawks and herons) hippopotamuses, horses, and iguanas.","20 slides of animal photography including: iguanas, impalas, jaguars, kittens and leopards.","20 slides of animal photography including: leopards, lions, lizards.","20 slides of animal photography including: llamas, birds (macaws, mockingbirds, owls and ostrich) orangutan and opossum.","20 slides of animal photography including: ox, pandas, pangolin, birds (penguins and parrots), and pigs.","20 slides of animals photography including: pigs, pit vipers and wild ponies.","20 slides of animal photography including: wild ponies, pythons, seals, sparrows, dogs (Sharpaei) and terrapin.","20 slides of animal photography including: tigers, titmouse, topi and turtles.","17 slides of animal photography including: turtles and wildebeest.","30 slides of zebras.","33 slides of unlabeled and unidentified animals including lizards, birds, zebras, lions, penguins, and antelope like animals.","20 slides of ocean animals including: amphipod, bivalve, chitons and boxfish.","1 slide of a conch.","26 slides of coral.","13 slides of ocean animals including: crabs and cowry.","20 slides of ocean animals including: crabs, crayfish, discus fish, dolphins, eels, guppies and jellyfish.","20 slides of ocean animals including: jelly fish, limpets, lobsters, lion fish and nudibranch.","20 Slides of ocean animals including: nurse shark, octopus, piranhas, Portuguese man o' war, marine worms, and scallops.","32 slides of various species of anemone.","8 slides of ocean animals including: sea cucumbers, sea hares and sea horses.","20 slides of ocean animals including: sea horses, sea urchins, tube worms, shrimps and sea walnut.","20 slides of ocean animals including: X-Mas tree worms, sea sponge, squid, star fish, and triton.","7 slides of ocean creatures including: shells, worms and limpets, triton, and frogs.","5 slides of unidentified and unlabeled animals including a shark, a small fish and lobsters(?)","Series 5 contains general photography. Images include museum objects, people, transportation and unidentified photographs. Included is a copy of Kjell B. Sandved's The Butterfly Alphabet and promotional material associated with his publications.","48 slides of various museum objects mainly from the Smithsonian Museums. Objects include Native American and other cultural artifacts, drawings, dioramas, and fossils.","2 Slides of Shells","3 Slides of lighthouses and lights from lighthouses","4 Slides of Bamboo structures, bridge and cages","2 Slides, one of Sandved's first lab in Hawaii and one of Sandved carrying equipment","44 Slides of People including: School children, people on boats, the crew of a hydroplane, scientists, people on the street","12 Slides of various buildings including: Po Lin Monastery, a railroad station, a tree house and Mexican home","6 Slides of ice and snow on plants and roads","3 Slides of boats","4 Slides of land erosion and land","4 slides of a flower show, autumn leaves, and insect on flowers.","2 slides of totem poles","12 slides either unidentified or not able to be categorized including: a picture of fireworks, details of insects(?) a barrel of corn.","An order form for Butterfly Alphabet posters and Sandved's Animal Posters","4 Promotional 5'' x 3'' animal photographs signed by Kjell B Sandved","Copy of The Butterfly Alphabet by Kjell B Sandved, published Scholastic Inc. 1999. Includes butterfly bookmark and promotional letter introducing Butterfly posters","A Floppy Disk containing 17 digital photos and a MS Access database inventory. Available for viewing in the reading room."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_10ef9340f0c855f7b907ca18baf4ab9c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains thousands of natural history slides taken by nature photographer Kjell Sandved. Included are slides of flowers, fish, sea anemone, and hundreds of butterfly slides with identification information--family, genus, species, vernacular name, and locality--individually listed on most."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_4d5308de02ac5884a285bfdff127338f\"\u003eR10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R10, C1, S5\nOS R6, C4, S5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Smithsonian Institution"],"persname_ssim":["Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Smithsonian Institution","Sandved, Kjell B. (Kjell Bloch), 1922-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":117,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:53:08.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_154"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_686.xml","title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1856"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1856"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"text":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856","C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686","Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)","Maps","Engraving","Atlases","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.","In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection and the  \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","R 71 , C 1 , S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"collection_ssim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"unitid_tesim":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"geogname_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"places_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"creators_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1856],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0349\"\u003e \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection and the  \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026amp; Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1b8faee8da58f9a9a1365aa6179c415\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0611f8a61d196c2050f6ccd72c9fbd7c\"\u003eR 71 , C 1 , S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71 , C 1 , S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"persname_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:55:37.302Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_686.xml","title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1856"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1856"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1856"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"text":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856","C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686","Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)","Maps","Engraving","Atlases","There are no access restrictions.","This is a single item collection.","Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.","In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.","Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection and the  \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.","Public Domain. There are no known restrictions.","A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.","R 71 , C 1 , S 7","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"collection_ssim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, 1856"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"unitid_tesim":["C0413","/repositories/2/resources/686"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"geogname_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"places_ssim":["Japan","Asia","China","Ryukyu Islands","Taiwan","Bonin Islands (Japan)"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"creators_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor is unknown"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps","Engraving","Atlases"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":[".25 Linear Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Atlases"],"date_range_isim":[1856],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a single item collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This is a single item collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAshworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Ashworth, Jr., Dr. William B. 2015. \"Scientist of the Day: Matthew Calbraith Perry.\" The Linda Hall Library. April 10, 2015. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/matthew-calbraith-perry.","———. 2021. \"Scientist of the Day: Francis L. Hawks.\" The Linda Hall Library. June 10, 2021. https://www.lindahall.org/about/news/scientist-of-the-day/francis-l-hawks.","\"Edward S. Siebert.\" n.d. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://americanart.si.edu/artist/edward-s-siebert-4447.","\"Edward Selmar Siebert, American (1856–1944).\" n.d. Oxford Gallery. Accessed November 10, 2023. https://www.oxfordgallery.com/Period_Artists/siebert.html.","\"Rev Francis Lister Hawks (1798-1866).\" 2009. Find a Grave. April 14, 2009. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35857449/francis-lister-hawks.","\"Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858).\" 1998. Find a Grave. April 25, 1998. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/804/matthew-calbraith-perry.","\"Milestones in the History of U.S. Foreign Relations: The United States and the Opening to Japan, 1853.\" n.d. Office of the Historian. Accessed November 8, 2023. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1830-1860/opening-to-japan."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical and Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the mid-19th century, the United States became interested in reestablishing contact with the country of Japan, which for 250 years had maintained a strict isolationist policy toward to the West. With the opening of trade with China, and the establishment of an American port on the Pacific with the annexation of California in 1848, the United States anticipated regular and steady traffic between North America and Asia, which would require the need to secure coaling stations for the country's steam ships to refuel ahead of the long journey between continents. Additionally, the American whaling industry had entered the Pacific in the mid-18th century, leading to the need for increased access to safe and reliable harbors, supply stations, and assistance in the event of shipwrecks. In response to these perceived needs, in 1852 the United States sent a squadron of ships, led by Commodore Matthew C. Perry of the U.S. Navy, to Japan to demand that the country end its isolationist policy and open up trade with the West. After two trips, the second with a larger squadron, Japan agreed to Perry's demands and the two countries signed the Treaty of Kanagawa on March 31, 1854. Upon his return to the United States, Perry was offered a grant to write and publish a narrative of his expedition. To complete this, Perry hired Rev. Francis L. Hawks who used the personal logs and diaries of Perry and his crew to craft the first volume of Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan which was published in 1856.","Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry was born on April 10, 1794 to Christopher Raymond and Sarah Wallace (Alexander) Perry. The Perrys were a strong naval family, with his father serving in the Continental and United States Navies, Matthew and his four brothers serving as naval officers, and two of his three sisters marrying naval officers. Perry gained distinction as a naval commander during the Mexican-American War and is considered the \"Father of the Steam Navy\" for his promotion of converting the Navy's fleet to steam engines. Commodore Perry married Jane Slidell in 1814 and the couple would go on to have eight children and settle in New York City. Perry passed away only a few years after his expedition to Japan on March 4, 1858 at the age of 63 and was initially buried in his wife's family plot at Saint Mark's Church-in-the-Bowery, but later moved and reinterred in 1866 in the Perry family plot in Island Cemetery located in Newport, Rhode Island.","Reverand Francis Lister Hawks was born on June 10, 1798 in New Bern, North Carolina to Francis and Julia Airay (Stephens) Hawks. An Episcopal priest and preacher, Rev. Hawks was also a prolific writer, publishing on a variety of topics including a history of the Episcopal Church in America, editing an American biographical encyclopedia, and assisting with the narrative of Commodore Perry's expedition. Rev. Hawks passed away on September 26, 1866 at the age of 68 and is buried in Christ Church Cemetery in Greenwich, Connecticut.","Selmar Siebert was a German engraver who immigrated to the United States circa 1840. He settled with his family in Washington, D.C. and opened an engraving and printing shop which he ran until returning with his family to Germany in 1861 due to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War. Siebert's son, Edward Selmar Siebert, born in 1856, would go on to become a renowned American portrait painter with works displayed in galleries across the country, including the Smithsonian American Art Museum."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["\"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" bound volume, C0413, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing and finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from October - November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0213\"\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0349\"\u003e \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other historic maps, atlases, and engravings such as the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. map collection and the  \"A New Atlas of the British West Indies\" bound volume."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026amp; Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan. The two large charts include \"Chart of the World Showing the Track of the U.S. Steam Frigates Mississippi, Susquehanna and Powhatan as Flagships of the Japan Squadron under the Command of Commodore Mathew C. Perry, U.S.N. 1853-1854\" and \"Chart of the Coast of China and of the Japan Islands including the Marianes and a part of the Philippines compiled order of Commodore M.C. Perry, U.S.N. from the latest authorities, with additions and corrections by the U.S. Japan Expedition by Lieuts W. L. Maury and S. Bent, U.S.N. 1855\".","The remaining maps include The Island of Lew Chew, The Harbor of Napha, Deep Bay, Tubootch \u0026 Suco Harbors, Shah Bay, Keelung Harbor (Formosa Island), The Coffin Islands, Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo, \"Reconnaissance of the Gulf And survey of the Western Shore of the Bay of Yedo\", Simoda Harbor (Japan), The Harbor of Hakodadi (Japan), and Endermo Harbor (Island of Jesso). All charts and maps are engraved by Selmar Siebert."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublic Domain. There are no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Public Domain. There are no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f1b8faee8da58f9a9a1365aa6179c415\"\u003eA bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A bound volume titled \"United States Japan Expedition by Com. M.C. Perry. Vol. II. Maps\" containing 14 fold-out charts and maps printed to accompany a three volume set, written by Francis L. Hawks, recounting Commodore M.C. Perry's expedition to Japan."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_0611f8a61d196c2050f6ccd72c9fbd7c\"\u003eR 71 , C 1 , S 7\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71 , C 1 , S 7"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"persname_ssim":["Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","United States Naval Expedition to Japan (1852-1854)","Hawks, Francis L. (Francis Lister), 1798-1866","Perry, Matthew Calbraith, 1794-1858","Siebert, Selmar"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:55:37.302Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_686"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Vergil Dykstra slide collection, 1973/1977","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of slides taken by George Mason Univeristy (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra during his trips with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to China and Taiwan, as well as the GMU campus and President's House.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_698","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_698.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Vergil Dykstra slide collection","title_ssm":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection"],"title_tesim":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1973/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, 1973/1977"],"text":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, 1973/1977","C0423","/repositories/2/resources/698","China","Taiwan","Great Wall of China (China)","Virginia, Northern","San Francisco (Calif.)","Washington (D.C.)","Cities and towns -- China","Education, Higher","Educators","Slides","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged in three series.","Series\n      Series 1: China AASCU visit\n      Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit\n      Series 3: Personal","\"American Association of State Colleges and Universities.\" 2024. In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026oldid=1211286561.","\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra.","Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.","During his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the Christine Drennon European lantern slide collection, and the Edith McChesney Ker papers.","The University Archives hold the George Mason University Office of the President records.","A collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.","Series 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.","Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.","Series 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. Slides are divided into these general location groups.","Includes one slide of Dulles Airport","Spelled Canton and Fashan on slides","Spelled Soochow on slides","Spelled Wusih on slides","Spelled Nanking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Layover, views from Hotel New Otani and major sites immediately around hotel","Layover, airport and Hotel Hilton, San Francisco","Slides include descriptions of images, but no location specifics","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides may include locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Majority of slides are labeled with location","Mixed locations, slides are unlabeled","Mixed locations, some slides are labeled","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of slides taken by George Mason Univeristy (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra during his trips with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to China and Taiwan, as well as the GMU campus and President's House.","R 71, C 1, S 5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities","Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, 1973/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, 1973/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0423","/repositories/2/resources/698"],"unitid_tesim":["C0423","/repositories/2/resources/698"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["China","Taiwan","Great Wall of China (China)","Virginia, Northern","San Francisco (Calif.)","Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["China","Taiwan","Great Wall of China (China)","Virginia, Northern","San Francisco (Calif.)","Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["China","Taiwan","Great Wall of China (China)","Virginia, Northern","San Francisco (Calif.)","Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_ssm":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010"],"creator_ssim":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"creators_ssim":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Leslie Dykstra in February 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cities and towns -- China","Education, Higher","Educators","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cities and towns -- China","Education, Higher","Educators","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in three series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: China AASCU visit\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Taiwan AASCU visit\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in three series.","Series\n      Series 1: China AASCU visit\n      Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit\n      Series 3: Personal"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"American Association of State Colleges and Universities.\" 2024. In \u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026amp;oldid=1211286561.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"American Association of State Colleges and Universities.\" 2024. In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026oldid=1211286561.","\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"https://aascu.org/\"\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and Universities\u003c/a\u003e (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.","During his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVergil Dykstra slide collection, C0423, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, C0423, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0068\"\u003eChristine Drennon European lantern slide collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0077\"\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe University Archives hold the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0019\"\u003eGeorge Mason University Office of the President records\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the Christine Drennon European lantern slide collection, and the Edith McChesney Ker papers.","The University Archives hold the George Mason University Office of the President records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. Slides are divided into these general location groups.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes one slide of Dulles Airport\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Canton and Fashan on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Soochow on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Wusih on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Nanking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Peking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Peking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLayover, views from Hotel New Otani and major sites immediately around hotel\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLayover, airport and Hotel Hilton, San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides include descriptions of images, but no location specifics\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides may include locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of slides are labeled with location\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMixed locations, slides are unlabeled\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMixed locations, some slides are labeled\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.","Series 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.","Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.","Series 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. Slides are divided into these general location groups.","Includes one slide of Dulles Airport","Spelled Canton and Fashan on slides","Spelled Soochow on slides","Spelled Wusih on slides","Spelled Nanking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Layover, views from Hotel New Otani and major sites immediately around hotel","Layover, airport and Hotel Hilton, San Francisco","Slides include descriptions of images, but no location specifics","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides may include locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Majority of slides are labeled with location","Mixed locations, slides are unlabeled","Mixed locations, some slides are labeled"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_be910e8b13af7be11441b98fec4a1340\"\u003eA collection of slides taken by George Mason Univeristy (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra during his trips with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to China and Taiwan, as well as the GMU campus and President's House.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of slides taken by George Mason Univeristy (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra during his trips with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to China and Taiwan, as well as the GMU campus and President's House."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e00c4b0a4d235663792dc2368de70bc5\"\u003eR 71, C 1, S 5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 71, C 1, S 5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"persname_ssim":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026oldid=1211286561.","\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra.","Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.","During his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan.","Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024.","The Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the Christine Drennon European lantern slide collection, and the Edith McChesney Ker papers.","The University Archives hold the George Mason University Office of the President records.","A collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.","Series 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.","Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.","Series 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. Slides are divided into these general location groups.","Includes one slide of Dulles Airport","Spelled Canton and Fashan on slides","Spelled Soochow on slides","Spelled Wusih on slides","Spelled Nanking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Spelled Peking on slides","Layover, views from Hotel New Otani and major sites immediately around hotel","Layover, airport and Hotel Hilton, San Francisco","Slides include descriptions of images, but no location specifics","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Slides may include locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii","Majority of slides are labeled with location","Mixed locations, slides are unlabeled","Mixed locations, some slides are labeled","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","A collection of slides taken by George Mason Univeristy (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra during his trips with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to China and Taiwan, as well as the GMU campus and President's House.","R 71, C 1, S 5","George Mason University. 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Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"creators_ssim":["Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","American Association of State Colleges and Universities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Leslie Dykstra in February 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Cities and towns -- China","Education, Higher","Educators","Slides"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Cities and towns -- China","Education, Higher","Educators","Slides"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet 1 Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Slides"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in three series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: China AASCU visit\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Taiwan AASCU visit\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Personal\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in three series.","Series\n      Series 1: China AASCU visit\n      Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit\n      Series 3: Personal"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"American Association of State Colleges and Universities.\" 2024. In \u003ctitle\u003eWikipedia\u003c/title\u003e. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026amp;oldid=1211286561.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"American Association of State Colleges and Universities.\" 2024. In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American_Association_of_State_Colleges_and_Universities\u0026oldid=1211286561.","\"Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra · The Founding of GMU.\" n.d. Mason's Legacies. Accessed March 20, 2024. https://www.masonslegacies.org/exhibits/show/the-founding-of-gmu/the-first-three/dykstra."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the \u003ca href=\"https://aascu.org/\"\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and Universities\u003c/a\u003e (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was named the second President of George Mason University (GMU) on April 3, 1973 when he was only 48 years old. He was the first person to be hired specifically for that position, since first President Dr. Lorin A. Thompson was originally appointed President of George Mason College. Dykstra received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin, where he later accepted a teaching position. He served as Associate Dean of Harpur College in New York from 1962-1964 before becoming its Vice President, a position he held for five years, overseeing the transition of the college to the State University of New York at Binghamton. Dykstra served as President of GMU for four years before leaving the position in April 1977, being succeeded by Robert C. Krug. Dykstra passed away on December 31, 2010.","During his tenure as GMU's President, Dykstra oversaw both a rapid expansion in the student body and major campus development projects, as well as new academic programs and the development of the Council on Minority Relations and an Affirmative Action Task Force. Additionally, in 1975 and 1976, he joined a delegation of other U.S. college and university Presidents sponsored by the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) in visits to China and Taiwan."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVergil Dykstra slide collection, C0423, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Vergil Dykstra slide collection, C0423, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Meghan Glasbrenner from February-March 2024. Finding aid completed by Meghan Glasbrenner in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0068\"\u003eChristine Drennon European lantern slide collection\u003c/a\u003e, and the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0077\"\u003eEdith McChesney Ker papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe University Archives hold the \u003ca href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0019\"\u003eGeorge Mason University Office of the President records\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds other slide and photography collections including the Christine Drennon European lantern slide collection, and the Edith McChesney Ker papers.","The University Archives hold the George Mason University Office of the President records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. Slides are divided into these general location groups.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes one slide of Dulles Airport\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Canton and Fashan on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Soochow on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Wusih on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Nanking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Peking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpelled Peking on slides\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLayover, views from Hotel New Otani and major sites immediately around hotel\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLayover, airport and Hotel Hilton, San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides include descriptions of images, but no location specifics\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unmarked aside from the numbers, may locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides may include locations in both Taiwan and layovers in California and Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of slides are labeled with location\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMixed locations, slides are unlabeled\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMixed locations, some slides are labeled\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["A collection of slides taken by George Mason University (GMU) President Vergil Dykstra. The collection is arranged in three series.","Series 1: China AASCU visit (March – April 1975) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to China with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), including layover locations. Slides are divided by major location where possible.","Series 2: Taiwan AASCU visit (October 1976) includes images taken during Dykstra's visit to Taiwan with the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU). Slides are divided into numbered and unnumbered groupings.","Series 3: Personal (1973-1977) includes images depicting locations on the GMU campus, including many of the President's House, the general Northern Virginia and D.C. Metro area, and various sites in Binghamton, New York. 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