{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Mason%2C+Vivian+Carter+%281900-1982%29","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Mason%2C+Vivian+Carter+%281900-1982%29\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Vivian Carter Mason Interviews","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_239#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_239#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Founding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_239#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_239.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/239","title_filing_ssi":"Mason, Vivian Carter","title_ssm":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"title_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1978","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 53","/repositories/5/resources/239"],"text":["MG 53","/repositories/5/resources/239","Vivian Carter Mason Interviews","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Race relations--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Segregation","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Discrimination against African Americans","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Vivian Carter Mason was born February 10, 1900. Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)","The collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. ","The March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.","The March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.","The May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.","The October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Founding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. 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Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason was born February 10, 1900. Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Vivian Carter Mason Interviews, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Vivian Carter Mason Interviews, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWomen's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. ","The March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.","The March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.","The May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.","The October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b1ef2ba46c89d0889d1e26df27c974a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk."],"names_coll_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"persname_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:11.056Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_239","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_239.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/239","title_filing_ssi":"Mason, Vivian Carter","title_ssm":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"title_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"unitdate_ssm":["1978","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1978","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 53","/repositories/5/resources/239"],"text":["MG 53","/repositories/5/resources/239","Vivian Carter Mason Interviews","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Race relations--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Segregation","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Discrimination against African Americans","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Vivian Carter Mason was born February 10, 1900. Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)","The collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. ","The March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.","The March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.","The May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.","The October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Founding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk.","ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 53","/repositories/5/resources/239"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"collection_title_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"collection_ssim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"creator_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"creators_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. H. 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Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason was born February 10, 1900. Her father was a Methodist minister and her mother a music teacher. She grew up in a mostly white neighborhood in Auburn, New York, where she experienced discrimination first hand. She was also greatly affected by the stories her father told of her grandmother's life as a slave.\nCarter Mason credits her parents with encouraging her and her siblings to work hard in school and insisting that they go on to college. She succeeded in school and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1925. After college she was a social worker in New York where she worked her way up to the position of Director of Social Services from 1940-1942.\nAfter being injured in a train wreck in 1942 she went to Norfolk, her husband's home town, to recuperate. During this time she began thinking about ways to reconcile the differences between the races. She began by calling women that she knew or were recommended to her, both black and white, who were concerned about racial injustice. These concerned women formed the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation in 1945. This was the first group in the area to hold integrated public meetings. Mason served as the Council's first president from 1945-47.\nMason was involved in many other civil rights organizations. In 1953 she was elected the third president of the National Council of Negro Women. During her tenure as president she helped the organization devise strategies to work toward implementation of the Brown vs. Board of Education supreme court decision. In Norfolk, when schools were closed during the massive resistance she helped educate the \"Norfolk 17\" by administering the school opened for them in the First Baptist Church.\nShe became the first black woman to serve on the Norfolk city school board in 1971. She served on the school board until 1978 when she resigned to start the Urban League of Hampton Roads.\nVivian Carter Mason died on May 10, 1982 in Norfolk. She is survived by her son William T. Mason, an attorney in Norfolk.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Vivian Carter Mason Interviews, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Vivian Carter Mason Interviews, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWomen's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Papers (MG 54)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of cassette tapes and transcripts of four interviews with Vivian Carter Mason, one of the founders of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation. Each interview was conducted by Zelda Silverman, and were recorded between March and October of 1978. The interviews primarily cover the early 1900s to the 1950s, and largely concern Carter Mason's family history and civil rights issues. ","The March 24, 1978 interview tape was damaged. Although it was restored, some of it is still inaudible. Topics covered in this interview include: Carter Mason's experiences trying to find employment, her home town in upstate New York, police in Norfolk in the 1940s, and taking her son to New York to go to school.","The March 29, 1978 interview includes discussion of her childhood in Auburn New York, Carter family history, slavery, civil rights issues, social work, and a train accident.","The May 8, 1978 interview includes discussion of her civil rights experiences, job discrimination, black colleges, Adam Powell, the NAACP.","The October 19, 1978 interview covers civil rights issues, Norfolk politics, the Women's Council on Interracial Cooperation, segregation, Massive Resistance in Norfolk."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b1ef2ba46c89d0889d1e26df27c974a\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founding member of the Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation and an active participant in the Civil Rights movement. Contains transcripts and audiotapes of an interview that documents her life and the Civil Rights movement in Norfolk."],"names_coll_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"persname_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","Powell, Adam Clayton (1908-1972)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:11.056Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_239"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_240#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_240#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Founded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_240#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_240.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/240","title_filing_ssi":"Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation","title_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"title_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1964, undated","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1964, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240"],"text":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government","Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention","Open to researchers without restrictions.","On April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.","At that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.","Mrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.","Early in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all","The WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.","As stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.","Note written by Jan Halecki","Vivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)","Edith R. White Papers (MG 109)","The Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Founded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University.","ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"collection_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. H. M. Silverman","Gift of Mrs. H.M. Silverman, president of the organization from 1955 to 1957. Accession #A82-13"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.60 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.60 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jan Halecki\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.","At that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.","Mrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.","Early in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all","The WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.","As stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.","Note written by Jan Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdith R. White Papers (MG 109)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)","Edith R. White Papers (MG 109)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d5119a8d33254e74d2d467937505f48c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University."],"names_coll_ssim":["Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":27,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:28.789Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_240","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_240.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/240","title_filing_ssi":"Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation","title_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"title_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1964, undated","Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1964, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/19/1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240"],"text":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government","Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention","Open to researchers without restrictions.","On April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.","At that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.","Mrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.","Early in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all","The WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.","As stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.","Note written by Jan Halecki","Vivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)","Edith R. White Papers (MG 109)","The Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Founded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University.","ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 54","/repositories/5/resources/240"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"collection_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Mrs. H. M. Silverman","Gift of Mrs. H.M. Silverman, president of the organization from 1955 to 1957. Accession #A82-13"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women--Virginia--Social conditions","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","School integration--Massive resistance movement","African Americans--Civil rights","Race relations--History--20th century","Virginia--Politics and government--1865-1950","Racism--Prevention"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.60 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.60 Linear Feet","1 Hollinger document case boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Jan Halecki\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["On April 17, 1945, eight black and eleven white women met in the vestry room of Ohef Sholom Temple in Norfolk. Mrs. Vivian Carter Mason had invited these women in order to consider forming an interracial committee. All the women present were active in civic organizations, and came from different religious backgrounds.","At that first meeting it was decided that such an interracial group could indeed be beneficial to Norfolk. Furthermore, they decided that their organization should be autonomous - not affiliated with any other organization, but working in cooperation with them.","Mrs. Mason was appointed temporary chairman and the group held meetings in May, June, and September. The first two meetings were devoted to establishing a constitution and coming up with a name. By December, there were 86 members.","Early in 1946, the WCIC was becoming active in the public school system, and worked with the public libraries and the Boy Scouts to notify the public of their humanitarian goals. These goals were: to improve city facilities for education, recreation, employment, and health; improve interracial attitudes; to seek equality of opportunity for everyone; and to work towards full citizenship privileges for all","The WCIC implemented these goals by calling attention to the need for more blacks in civic occupations; worked with health organizations in providing testing for diseases and public health information; held public meetings and other activities with nationally known speakers to advance the ideas of integration; and met with city officials concerning proper housing for the poor. For the first two years the group met in different churches and kept their files and printed materials in the homes of its officers and chairmen. Finally the WCIC was able to get space for an office and meetings at the YWCA. This lasted for several years.","As stress in Norfolk over the desegregation of public schools reached a climax, the WCIC found itself pitted against many opponents of desegregation. It became more difficult to find meeting places open to such a group. Also, when they did find a place, they often could not advertise their meeting because of criticism and possible censure it would draw towards those who allowed such a meeting to take place at their establishment. Consequently, for a period of time, the WCIC worked more \"behind the scenes\" than in the public eye. However the effectiveness of the group endured and through their studies and reports of other cities with integrated school systems, the group helped Norfolk overcome the crisis in 1958 when the public high schools were shut down.","Note written by Jan Halecki"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdith R. White Papers (MG 109)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Vivian Carter Mason Interviews (MG 53)","Edith R. White Papers (MG 109)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (WCIC) was an organization of white and black women devoted to fostering racial harmony. The records include the organization's constitution, minutes of meetings, correspondence, speeches, annual reports, member lists, booklets, pamphlets, programs, invitations, newspaper clippings and published articles. Of interest is a transcribed panel report titled, \"How Norfolk Opened Her Schools,\" dated February 2, 1959, and Susan Slaughter's personal account of the \"First Fifteen Years of WCIC.\" In addition, there is material relating to the inception and early history of the Human Relations Council, which superseded the WCIC."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d5119a8d33254e74d2d467937505f48c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founded in 1945 as an interracial organization designed to address concerns with education, health, and housing among the Afro-American community in Norfolk. Predecessor to the Norfolk Human Relations Council. Includes correspondence, newspapers clippings, minutes, reports, pamphlets, and membership lists. Bulk of the organization's records are in the archives at Norfolk State University."],"names_coll_ssim":["Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)","Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Women's Council for Interracial Cooperation (Norfolk, Va.)","Human Relations Council (Norfolk, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Mason, Vivian Carter (1900-1982)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":27,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:28.789Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_240"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Mason%2C+Vivian+Carter+%281900-1982%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Mason%2C+Vivian+Carter+%281900-1982%29"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Vivian Carter Mason Interviews","value":"Vivian Carter Mason 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