{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=4\u0026view=list","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=3\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=5\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026page=7278\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":4,"next_page":5,"prev_page":3,"total_pages":7278,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30,"total_count":72774,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,","Project Records,","Drawings","Haskell Remodels, Mill Valley, San Francisco, and location unknown,"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,","Project Records,","Drawings","Haskell Remodels, Mill Valley, San Francisco, and location unknown,"],"text":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,","Project Records,","Drawings","Haskell Remodels, Mill Valley, San Francisco, and location unknown,","1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988"],"title_filing_ssi":"1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988","title_ssm":["1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988"],"title_tesim":["1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1111 Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA, 1988"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":161,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#23/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:47:09.367Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2039.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gottlieb, Lois Davidson, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"title_tesim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.003"],"text":["Ms.1997.003","Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010.","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is divided into two series: Professional Papers and Project Records with all files arranged alphabetically.","Lois Davidson Gottlieb is a residential designer currently (2010) based in San Francisco, California. She was born on November 13,1926 in San Francisco and attended Stanford University from 1944 to 1947, where she studied art and engineering and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree. She served as an apprentice to famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright from 1948 to 1949 as part of the Taliesin Fellowship in Spring Green, Wisconsin and Scottsdale, Arizona. And she did her graduate work at Harvard University's School of Design from 1949 to 1950. ","Gottlieb began her career working as a designer for Warren Callister in San Francisco. Her first solo project was the design of the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA. She went on to design other residences in Marin County as part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson based in Sausalito, CA. This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956. From 1956 to 2002, Gottlieb worked as a freelance residential designer on over 100 projects in the Bay Area and in Riverside, CA, as well as in Washington, Idaho, and Virginia. ","Gottlieb served as a lecturer at the College of the Holy Names in Oakland, CA from 1960 to 1964, at Alameda State College in Hayward, CA from 1962 to 1964, and at the University of California Extension in Riverside, CA from 1966 to 1972. She also gave guest lectures at various universities around the world, including one at Virginia Tech in 1996. ","Gottlieb's work has been written about in many newspapers and periodicals, including  House Beautiful  and the  Marin County Independent Journal . She has also published several works of her own, including  Environment and Design in Housing  (a book which was based on her lectures for a course of the same name and was published in 1966) and  A Way of Life: An Apprenticeship with Frank Lloyd Wright  (which was based on the traveling exhibit of her photographs of Taliesin). Gottlieb's work has also been exhibited in institutions across the country, including a one-woman architectural exhibit at Virginia Tech in 1998 and the exhibit of photographs of Taliesin in2000-2001. ","From 1995 to 1996, Gottlieb designed and supervised the construction of an 11,000 sq. ft. home and office complex for her son, Mark Gottlieb, and his family in Fairfax Station, Virginia. She also produced a video, \"Building a Dream: A Family Affair,\" which documents her work on the project. ","The guide to the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing of the original donation took place from May to August 1997. The processing of additional materials and the arrangement and description of the entire collection took place from February to March 2004. The final processing of additional materials took place in October 2010.","The collection consists of files and drawings that relate to Gottlieb's work as an architectural designer of residences in California, Washington, Idaho, and Virginia spanning the time period from 1951 to 2002. The collection also consists of writings, photographs, correspondence, and printed material that relate to Gottlieb's work as an author and lecturer, as well as material relating to her various publications and exhibits and to the documentary video made about her work on 'The Gottlieb House' in Fairfax Station, Virginia. The collection also consists of some work from her days as an undergraduate student at Stanford University and as a graduate student in architecture at Harvard University.","Permission to publish material from the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections.","This collection includes the papers of Lois Davidson Gottlieb, architectural designer, author, and lecturer. It includes photographs, writings, storyboards, and printed material relating to her various professional activities as an author and lecturer, as well as some drawings from her work as an undergraduate and graduate student. Also includes files and drawings relating to her work on various residential design projects dating from 1951 to 2002.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gottlieb, Lois Davidson","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"collection_ssim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson"],"creator_ssim":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson"],"creators_ssim":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection was donated to the International Archive of Women in Architecture by the creator in April 1997. Additional materials were donated in February and March 2003."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010."],"extent_ssm":["21.89 Cubic Feet 20 boxes; 15 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.89 Cubic Feet 20 boxes; 15 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/125\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series: Professional Papers and Project Records with all files arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series: Professional Papers and Project Records with all files arranged alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLois Davidson Gottlieb is a residential designer currently (2010) based in San Francisco, California. She was born on November 13,1926 in San Francisco and attended Stanford University from 1944 to 1947, where she studied art and engineering and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree. She served as an apprentice to famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright from 1948 to 1949 as part of the Taliesin Fellowship in Spring Green, Wisconsin and Scottsdale, Arizona. And she did her graduate work at Harvard University's School of Design from 1949 to 1950. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGottlieb began her career working as a designer for Warren Callister in San Francisco. Her first solo project was the design of the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA. She went on to design other residences in Marin County as part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson based in Sausalito, CA. This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956. From 1956 to 2002, Gottlieb worked as a freelance residential designer on over 100 projects in the Bay Area and in Riverside, CA, as well as in Washington, Idaho, and Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGottlieb served as a lecturer at the College of the Holy Names in Oakland, CA from 1960 to 1964, at Alameda State College in Hayward, CA from 1962 to 1964, and at the University of California Extension in Riverside, CA from 1966 to 1972. She also gave guest lectures at various universities around the world, including one at Virginia Tech in 1996. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGottlieb's work has been written about in many newspapers and periodicals, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHouse Beautiful\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMarin County Independent Journal\u003c/title\u003e. She has also published several works of her own, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEnvironment and Design in Housing\u003c/title\u003e (a book which was based on her lectures for a course of the same name and was published in 1966) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Way of Life: An Apprenticeship with Frank Lloyd Wright\u003c/title\u003e (which was based on the traveling exhibit of her photographs of Taliesin). Gottlieb's work has also been exhibited in institutions across the country, including a one-woman architectural exhibit at Virginia Tech in 1998 and the exhibit of photographs of Taliesin in2000-2001. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1995 to 1996, Gottlieb designed and supervised the construction of an 11,000 sq. ft. home and office complex for her son, Mark Gottlieb, and his family in Fairfax Station, Virginia. She also produced a video, \"Building a Dream: A Family Affair,\" which documents her work on the project. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lois Davidson Gottlieb is a residential designer currently (2010) based in San Francisco, California. She was born on November 13,1926 in San Francisco and attended Stanford University from 1944 to 1947, where she studied art and engineering and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree. She served as an apprentice to famed architect Frank Lloyd Wright from 1948 to 1949 as part of the Taliesin Fellowship in Spring Green, Wisconsin and Scottsdale, Arizona. And she did her graduate work at Harvard University's School of Design from 1949 to 1950. ","Gottlieb began her career working as a designer for Warren Callister in San Francisco. Her first solo project was the design of the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA. She went on to design other residences in Marin County as part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson based in Sausalito, CA. This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956. From 1956 to 2002, Gottlieb worked as a freelance residential designer on over 100 projects in the Bay Area and in Riverside, CA, as well as in Washington, Idaho, and Virginia. ","Gottlieb served as a lecturer at the College of the Holy Names in Oakland, CA from 1960 to 1964, at Alameda State College in Hayward, CA from 1962 to 1964, and at the University of California Extension in Riverside, CA from 1966 to 1972. She also gave guest lectures at various universities around the world, including one at Virginia Tech in 1996. ","Gottlieb's work has been written about in many newspapers and periodicals, including  House Beautiful  and the  Marin County Independent Journal . She has also published several works of her own, including  Environment and Design in Housing  (a book which was based on her lectures for a course of the same name and was published in 1966) and  A Way of Life: An Apprenticeship with Frank Lloyd Wright  (which was based on the traveling exhibit of her photographs of Taliesin). Gottlieb's work has also been exhibited in institutions across the country, including a one-woman architectural exhibit at Virginia Tech in 1998 and the exhibit of photographs of Taliesin in2000-2001. ","From 1995 to 1996, Gottlieb designed and supervised the construction of an 11,000 sq. ft. home and office complex for her son, Mark Gottlieb, and his family in Fairfax Station, Virginia. She also produced a video, \"Building a Dream: A Family Affair,\" which documents her work on the project. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection, Ms1997-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection, Ms1997-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing of the original donation took place from May to August 1997. The processing of additional materials and the arrangement and description of the entire collection took place from February to March 2004. The final processing of additional materials took place in October 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing of the original donation took place from May to August 1997. The processing of additional materials and the arrangement and description of the entire collection took place from February to March 2004. The final processing of additional materials took place in October 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of files and drawings that relate to Gottlieb's work as an architectural designer of residences in California, Washington, Idaho, and Virginia spanning the time period from 1951 to 2002. The collection also consists of writings, photographs, correspondence, and printed material that relate to Gottlieb's work as an author and lecturer, as well as material relating to her various publications and exhibits and to the documentary video made about her work on 'The Gottlieb House' in Fairfax Station, Virginia. The collection also consists of some work from her days as an undergraduate student at Stanford University and as a graduate student in architecture at Harvard University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of files and drawings that relate to Gottlieb's work as an architectural designer of residences in California, Washington, Idaho, and Virginia spanning the time period from 1951 to 2002. The collection also consists of writings, photographs, correspondence, and printed material that relate to Gottlieb's work as an author and lecturer, as well as material relating to her various publications and exhibits and to the documentary video made about her work on 'The Gottlieb House' in Fairfax Station, Virginia. The collection also consists of some work from her days as an undergraduate student at Stanford University and as a graduate student in architecture at Harvard University."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Lois Davidson Gottlieb Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f9fc903eeb47ad20a9d940ca5693b1f4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes the papers of Lois Davidson Gottlieb, architectural designer, author, and lecturer. It includes photographs, writings, storyboards, and printed material relating to her various professional activities as an author and lecturer, as well as some drawings from her work as an undergraduate and graduate student. Also includes files and drawings relating to her work on various residential design projects dating from 1951 to 2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes the papers of Lois Davidson Gottlieb, architectural designer, author, and lecturer. It includes photographs, writings, storyboards, and printed material relating to her various professional activities as an author and lecturer, as well as some drawings from her work as an undergraduate and graduate student. Also includes files and drawings relating to her work on various residential design projects dating from 1951 to 2002."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gottlieb, Lois Davidson","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"persname_ssim":["Gottlieb, Lois Davidson","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":298,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:47:09.367Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2039_c02_c01_c24_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02732_c02_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02732_c02_c11"],"id":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02732","_root_":"viu_viu02732","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02732_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02732_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_viu02732","viu_viu02732_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02732","viu_viu02732_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n                \n               1980-1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n                \n               1980-1997"],"text":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n                \n               1980-1997","11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988","Box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988","title_ssm":["11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988"],"title_tesim":["11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. \n                   A Conservative View by\n                  James J. Kilpatrick \n                   1988"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":19,"containers_ssim":["Box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:33:01.158Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu02732","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02732","_root_":"viu_viu02732","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02732","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu02732.xml","title_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"title_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["6626-s"],"text":["6626-s","The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997","ca. 450 items (2\n         Hollinger boxes and 28 bound volumes, 11 linear\n         feet)","Arranged chronologically by subject.","James Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n          Richmond News Leader ,\n         television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n         columnist.","This collection consists of the additional papers of James\n         J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n         his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n         Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n         volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n         corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"","Other papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n         publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n         Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n          The Foxes' Union ;\n         correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n         concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n         the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n         columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n         Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n          National Geographic Traveler ,\n         concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n         and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n         participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n         correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n         Writer's Art.\"","This collection consists of James\n         J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n         of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n         correspondence.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["6626-s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"collection_ssim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n          1908,\n         1963-1997"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were given to the University of Virginia\n            Library by James J. Kilpatrick on June 8, 1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 450 items (2\n         Hollinger boxes and 28 bound volumes, 11 linear\n         feet)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/title\u003e,\n         television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n         columnist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n          Richmond News Leader ,\n         television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n         columnist."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the additional papers of James\n         J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n         his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n         Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n         volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n         corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n         publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n         Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Foxes' Union\u003c/title\u003e;\n         correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n         concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n         the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n         columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n         Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNational Geographic Traveler\u003c/title\u003e,\n         concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n         and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n         participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n         correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n         Writer's Art.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the additional papers of James\n         J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n         his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n         Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n         volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n         corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"","Other papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n         publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n         Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n          The Foxes' Union ;\n         correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n         concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n         the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n         columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n         Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n          National Geographic Traveler ,\n         concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n         and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n         participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n         correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n         Writer's Art.\""],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of James\n         J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n         of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n         correspondence.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of James\n         J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n         of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n         correspondence."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:33:01.158Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02732_c02_c11"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1: Annual Reports","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"text":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records","1.1: Annual Reports","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence."],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1: Annual Reports","title_ssm":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"title_tesim":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["c.1970s-1990s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/2014, bulk 1970/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"extent_ssm":["2.64 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.64 Cubic Feet"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":174,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such."],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|da857c0c-296a-44f7-ab6a-7c2ef7f6321b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Sub-Series Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:26.748Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_157.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/157","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1937-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"text":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157","Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries.","Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.","This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives","Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum.  More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.","Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. ","Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"extent_tesim":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.3. Circulation Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.5. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.3. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.5. Web Archives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Notes on Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum. \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/1939-sit-in\"\u003eMore details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/about-us#timeline\"\u003eFor a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum.  More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8c5ffb42-5524-4dc7-a8b4-a73f7efd331e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Library Board Records\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128\"\u003eAlexandria Library Company Records (MS002)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"persname_ssim":["Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":523,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:10:26.748Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01738_c05_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01738_c05_c07"],"id":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01738","_root_":"viu_viu01738","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01738_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01738_c05","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01738","viu_viu01738_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01738","viu_viu01738_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987","Murat Willis Williams"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987","Murat Willis Williams"],"text":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987","Murat Willis Williams","11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11","Oversize \n                  M-19"],"title_filing_ssi":"11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11","title_ssm":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11"],"title_tesim":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n                  Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n                   1954 May 11"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":153,"containers_ssim":["Oversize \n                  M-19"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:25:24.649Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01738","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01738","_root_":"viu_viu01738","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01738","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01738.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["10724"],"text":["10724","Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987","This collection\n         contains ca. 12,030 items.","The collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n         Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n         Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n         alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n         Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n         are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n         Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n         and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n         Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n         container list appended to this guide.","Each series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n         those members of the Williams family for which there are\n         documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n         chronologically.","The Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n         Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n         feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n         legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n         material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n         concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n         Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n         Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n         States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n         the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n         University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n         Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n         American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n         politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n         Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n         accumulation.","Series I: Williams Family This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n            to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n            a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n            Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n            the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n            1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n            daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n            were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n            member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n            Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n            British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n            Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n            and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n            letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n            letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n            which Williams was associated in a peripheral role. Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n            Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n            Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n            admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n            9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n            January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n            from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n            participating in a riot. \n             1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n            Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n            papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n            nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n            testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n            Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n            [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n            Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879. John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n            Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n            College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n            and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n            courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n            County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n            father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n            served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n            Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n            presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n            the only items regarding him in the collection. John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n            banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n            (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n            University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n            Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n            Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n            was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n            financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n            established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n            the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n            founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n            was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n            Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n            treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n            1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n            printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n            cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n            publication. Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n            Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n            with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n            particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n            by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n            or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n            typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n            her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n            while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n            Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n            camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n            mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n            her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n            1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n            and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n            April 18 and its aftermath. John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n            parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n            Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n            Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n            Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n            Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n            Williams). John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n            County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n            After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n            appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n            Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n            Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n            resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n            1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n            and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n            life and career. Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n            the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n            Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n            the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n            various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n            Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n            Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n            1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n            family. Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n            Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n            University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n            economics. He later became associated with his father's\n            bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n            this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n            obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n            him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n            included him among the plaintiffs. William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n            County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n            but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n            which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n            the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n            Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n            Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n            served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n            court and as superintendent of the county school\n            (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n            five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n            resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n            General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n            1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n            on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n             2 In this collection he is\n            represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n            Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n            information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n            Williams (1768-1817). 1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n            Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n            Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n            December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n            indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n            Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n            genealogical and biographical information on members of\n            their family. \n             2 Information on William C.\n            Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n            provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n            the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n            William Clayton, Jr.","Series II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n            and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n            Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n            the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n            receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n            Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n            earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n            Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n            honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n            University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n            York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n            \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n            Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n            had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n            then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n            Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n            A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n            partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n            Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n            \u0026 Pollard and Rogers). Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n            Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n            1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n            (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n            with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n            Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n            Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n            Dandridge, and Richard Burwell. From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n            Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n            1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n            School. Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n            1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n            was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n            State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n            in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n            city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n            also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n            of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n            Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959. His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n            include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n            papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n            reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n            United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n            letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n             Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n            and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n            Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n            Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n            correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n            activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n            safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n            ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n            folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n            the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n            1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n            guide. His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n            from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n            her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n            in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n            typescript of an article from \n             First Families: A Magazine of Real\n            Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n            ceremony.","Series III: Murat Willis Williams Papers The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n            Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n            born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n            Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n            1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n            reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n             News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n            at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n            awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n            American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n            States Navy during World War II. He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n            death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n            1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n            and Michael. From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n            Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n            service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n            States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n            Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n            student at the National War College, consul general at\n            Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n            Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n            Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n            counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n            Israel. In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n            by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n            until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n            the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n            C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n            Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n            Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n            Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n            was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n            Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n            Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n            Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n            School of International Service at American University. He\n            died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n            79. Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n            (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n            correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n            aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n            service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n            and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n            These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n            wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n            correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n            (boxes 18 to 19).","Subseries A: Correspondence This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n            Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n            correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n            from various places around the world. Prominent\n            correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n            Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n            Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n            Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n            S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n            Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n            Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n            Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n            and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n            general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n            Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n            Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938]. Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n            which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n            employment at the Richmond \n             News Leader (mostly letters\n            from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n            and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n            and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n            Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n            prominent correspondents in this group. The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n            by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n            mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n            containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n            16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n            Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n            outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n            Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n            by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n            [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n            his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n            the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n            Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n            Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n            which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n            [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n            Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n            [October 28, 1938]. There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n            Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n            conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n            Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n            contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n            Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n            the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n            were mailed to the United States via several ships\n            including the \n             Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n            Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n            York, and \n             Nieuw Amsterdam.","Subseries B: Foreign Service In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n            1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n            with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n            Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n            photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n            folders are organized chronologically.","Subseries C: Political Papers Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n            to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n            letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n            regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n            McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n            correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n            Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n            Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n            J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n            George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n            Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n            \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n            folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n            Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n            Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n            \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n            Several letters from these and other political figures may\n            also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n            1970s.","Subseries D: Miscellaneous Files These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n            material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n            photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n            and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n            certificate, marriage license, military identification\n            cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n            of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n             Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n            20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n            Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n            ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University. Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n            certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n            cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n            Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n            oversize list at the end of this guide.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["10724"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n          1798 (1802-1972)\n         1987"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Williams Family Papers were given to the Library by\n            Ambassador Murat W. Williams of Washington, D.C., on June\n            19, 1987, and bear no restrictions."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n         contains ca. 12,030 items."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n         Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n         Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n         alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n         Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n         are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n         Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n         and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n         Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n         container list appended to this guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n         those members of the Williams family for which there are\n         documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n         chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n         Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n         Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n         alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n         Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n         are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n         Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n         and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n         Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n         container list appended to this guide.","Each series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n         those members of the Williams family for which there are\n         documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n         chronologically."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n         Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n         feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n         legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n         material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n         concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n         Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n         Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n         States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n         the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n         University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n         Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n         American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n         politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n         Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n         accumulation.","Series I: Williams Family This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n            to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n            a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n            Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n            the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n            1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n            daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n            were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n            member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n            Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n            British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n            Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n            and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n            letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n            letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n            which Williams was associated in a peripheral role. Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n            Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n            Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n            admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n            9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n            January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n            from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n            participating in a riot. \n             1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n            Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n            papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n            nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n            testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n            Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n            [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n            Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879. John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n            Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n            College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n            and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n            courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n            County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n            father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n            served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n            Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n            presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n            the only items regarding him in the collection. John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n            banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n            (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n            University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n            Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n            Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n            was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n            financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n            established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n            the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n            founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n            was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n            Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n            treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n            1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n            printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n            cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n            publication. Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n            Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n            with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n            particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n            by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n            or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n            typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n            her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n            while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n            Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n            camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n            mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n            her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n            1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n            and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n            April 18 and its aftermath. John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n            parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n            Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n            Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n            Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n            Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n            Williams). John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n            County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n            After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n            appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n            Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n            Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n            resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n            1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n            and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n            life and career. Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n            the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n            Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n            the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n            various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n            Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n            Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n            1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n            family. Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n            Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n            University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n            economics. He later became associated with his father's\n            bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n            this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n            obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n            him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n            included him among the plaintiffs. William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n            County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n            but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n            which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n            the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n            Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n            Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n            served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n            court and as superintendent of the county school\n            (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n            five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n            resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n            General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n            1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n            on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n             2 In this collection he is\n            represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n            Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n            information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n            Williams (1768-1817). 1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n            Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n            Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n            December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n            indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n            Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n            genealogical and biographical information on members of\n            their family. \n             2 Information on William C.\n            Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n            provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n            the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n            William Clayton, Jr.","Series II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n            and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n            Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n            the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n            receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n            Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n            earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n            Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n            honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n            University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n            York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n            \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n            Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n            had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n            then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n            Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n            A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n            partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n            Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n            \u0026 Pollard and Rogers). Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n            Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n            1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n            (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n            with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n            Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n            Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n            Dandridge, and Richard Burwell. From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n            Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n            1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n            School. Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n            1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n            was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n            State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n            in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n            city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n            also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n            of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n            Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959. His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n            include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n            papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n            reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n            United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n            letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n             Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n            and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n            Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n            Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n            correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n            activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n            safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n            ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n            folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n            the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n            1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n            guide. His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n            from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n            her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n            in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n            typescript of an article from \n             First Families: A Magazine of Real\n            Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n            ceremony.","Series III: Murat Willis Williams Papers The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n            Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n            born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n            Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n            1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n            reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n             News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n            at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n            awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n            American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n            States Navy during World War II. He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n            death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n            1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n            and Michael. From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n            Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n            service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n            States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n            Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n            student at the National War College, consul general at\n            Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n            Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n            Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n            counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n            Israel. In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n            by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n            until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n            the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n            C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n            Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n            Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n            Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n            was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n            Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n            Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n            Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n            School of International Service at American University. He\n            died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n            79. Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n            (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n            correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n            aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n            service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n            and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n            These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n            wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n            correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n            (boxes 18 to 19).","Subseries A: Correspondence This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n            Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n            correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n            from various places around the world. Prominent\n            correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n            Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n            Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n            Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n            S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n            Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n            Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n            Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n            and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n            general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n            Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n            Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938]. Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n            which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n            employment at the Richmond \n             News Leader (mostly letters\n            from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n            and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n            and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n            Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n            prominent correspondents in this group. The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n            by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n            mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n            containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n            16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n            Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n            outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n            Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n            by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n            [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n            his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n            the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n            Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n            Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n            which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n            [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n            Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n            [October 28, 1938]. There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n            Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n            conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n            Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n            contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n            Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n            the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n            were mailed to the United States via several ships\n            including the \n             Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n            Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n            York, and \n             Nieuw Amsterdam.","Subseries B: Foreign Service In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n            1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n            with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n            Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n            photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n            folders are organized chronologically.","Subseries C: Political Papers Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n            to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n            letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n            regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n            McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n            correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n            Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n            Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n            J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n            George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n            Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n            \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n            folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n            Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n            Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n            \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n            Several letters from these and other political figures may\n            also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n            1970s.","Subseries D: Miscellaneous Files These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n            material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n            photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n            and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n            certificate, marriage license, military identification\n            cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n            of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n             Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n            20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n            Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n            ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University. Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n            certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n            cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n            Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n            oversize list at the end of this guide."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:25:24.649Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n         Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n         feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n         legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n         material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n         concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n         Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n         Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n         States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n         the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n         University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n         Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n         American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n         politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n         Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n         accumulation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSeries I: Williams Family\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThis series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n            to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n            a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n            Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n            the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n            1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n            daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n            were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n            member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n            Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n            British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n            Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n            and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n            letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n            letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n            which Williams was associated in a peripheral role.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eLewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n            Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n            Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n            admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n            9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n            January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n            from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n            participating in a riot. \n            \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eHe was married to Mary Catlett\n            Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n            papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n            nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n            testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n            Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n            [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n            Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eJohn Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n            Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n            College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n            and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n            courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n            County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n            father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n            served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n            Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n            presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n            the only items regarding him in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n            banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n            (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n            University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n            Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n            Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n            was a member of Lancaster \u0026amp; Company, Confederate\n            financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n            established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n            the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n            founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n            was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n            Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n            treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n            1880 \u0026amp; 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n            printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n            cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n            publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eMaria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n            Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n            with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n            particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n            by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n            or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n            typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026amp; 1863, from\n            her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n            while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n            Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n            camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n            mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n            her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026amp; 1914,\n            1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n            and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n            April 18 and its aftermath.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n            parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n            Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n            Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n            Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n            Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n            Williams).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eJohn Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n            County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n            After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n            appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n            Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n            Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n            resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026amp;\n            1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n            and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n            life and career.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eEdmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n            the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n            Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n            the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n            various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n            Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n            Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026amp;\n            1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n            family.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eLangbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n            Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n            University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n            economics. He later became associated with his father's\n            bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n            this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n            obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n            him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n            included him among the plaintiffs.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eWilliam C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n            County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n            but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n            which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n            the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n            Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n            Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n            served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n            court and as superintendent of the county school\n            (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n            five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n            resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n            General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n            1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n            on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n            \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eIn this collection he is\n            represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n            Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n            information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n            Williams (1768-1817).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eMarye Pochyla, Office of the\n            Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n            Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026amp; Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n            December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n            indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n            Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n            genealogical and biographical information on members of\n            their family. \n            \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eInformation on William C.\n            Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n            provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n            the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n            William Clayton, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSeries II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eLewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n            and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n            Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n            the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n            receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n            Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n            earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n            Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n            honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n            University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n            York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n            \u0026amp; Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n            Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n            had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n            then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n            Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n            A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n            partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n            Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n            \u0026amp; Pollard and Rogers).\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eWilliams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n            Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n            1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n            (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n            with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n            Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n            Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n            Dandridge, and Richard Burwell.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eFrom 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n            Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n            1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n            School.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eWilliams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n            1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n            was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n            State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n            in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n            city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n            also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n            of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n            Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eHis papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n            include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n            papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n            reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n            United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n            letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times- Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e),\n            and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n            Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026amp; 1951), and Williams's son\n            Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n            correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n            activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n            safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n            ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n            folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n            the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026amp;\n            1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n            guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eHis wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n            from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n            her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n            in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n            typescript of an article from \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFirst Families: A Magazine of Real\n            Society\u003c/title\u003ewhich describes her 1902 wedding\n            ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSeries III: Murat Willis Williams Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n            Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n            born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n            Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n            1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n            reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader,\u003c/title\u003ea Rhodes Scholar\n            at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n            awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n            American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n            States Navy during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eHe married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n            death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n            1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n            and Michael.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n            Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n            service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n            States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n            Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n            student at the National War College, consul general at\n            Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n            Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n            Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n            counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n            Israel.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eIn 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n            by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n            until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n            the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n            C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n            Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n            Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n            Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n            was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n            Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n            Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n            Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n            School of International Service at American University. He\n            died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n            79.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eAmbassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n            (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n            correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n            aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n            Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n            service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n            and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n            These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n            wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n            correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n            (boxes 18 to 19).\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSubseries A: Correspondence\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThis subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n            Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n            correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n            from various places around the world. Prominent\n            correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n            Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n            Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n            Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n            S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n            Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n            Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n            Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n            and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n            general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n            Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n            Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eFollowing the general correspondence are topical folders\n            which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n            employment at the Richmond \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e(mostly letters\n            from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n            and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n            and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n            Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n            prominent correspondents in this group.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThe ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n            by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n            mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n            containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n            16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n            Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n            outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n            Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n            by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n            [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n            his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n            the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026amp; 29]. He was acquainted with\n            Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n            Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n            which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n            [May 22 \u0026amp; 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026amp; May 21, 1939].\n            Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n            [October 28, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThere are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n            Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n            conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n            Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n            contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n            Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n            the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n            were mailed to the United States via several ships\n            including the \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eQueen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n            Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n            York,\u003c/title\u003eand \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNieuw Amsterdam.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSubseries B: Foreign Service\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eIn this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n            1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n            with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n            Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n            photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n            folders are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSubseries C: Political Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eMurat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n            to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n            letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n            regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n            McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n            correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n            Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n            Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n            J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n            George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n            Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n            \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n            folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n            Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n            Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n            \u0026amp; 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n            Several letters from these and other political figures may\n            also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n            1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n        \u003chead\u003eSubseries D: Miscellaneous Files\u003c/head\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eThese folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n            material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n            photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n            and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n            certificate, marriage license, military identification\n            cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n            of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n            \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMan From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n            20th Century Virginian,\u003c/title\u003ea photograph of Murat\n            Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n            ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University.\u003c/p\u003e\n        \u003cp\u003eOversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n            certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n            cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n            Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n            oversize list at the end of this guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n      \u003c/scopecontent\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01738_c05_c07"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work"],"text":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work","1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject","title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":56,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is opern for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_655.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Larsen, Carl E. \"Chick\", papers","title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1989, undated","1960-1980"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1989, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"text":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","This collection is opern for research.","The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. ","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.","The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.","There are no restrictions","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creators_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"extent_tesim":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is opern for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is opern for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. ","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e. This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the  Richmond Times-Dispatch . This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Larsen, Barbara"],"persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":199,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vira_across-the-way_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vira_across-the-way_c01_c01"],"id":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vira_across-the-way","_root_":"vira_across-the-way","_nest_parent_":"vira_across-the-way_c01","parent_ssi":"vira_across-the-way_c01","parent_ssim":["vira_across-the-way","vira_across-the-way_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vira_across-the-way","vira_across-the-way_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n 2002-2016"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n 2002-2016"],"text":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n 2002-2016","1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016","box"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016\n\t","title_ssm":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016\n\t"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Radford University"],"collection_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016"],"extent_ssm":[""],"extent_tesim":[""],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":22,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"containers_ssim":["box"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:11:13.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vira_across-the-way","ead_ssi":"vira_across-the-way","_root_":"vira_across-the-way","_nest_parent_":"vira_across-the-way","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/ru/across-the-way.xml","title_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016\n"],"title_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AC 035\n"],"text":["AC 035\n","Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016",".","Subject Terms\n Johnson, Erika Hodges,Kris Across the Way Productions, Inc. Floyd Fest Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest Floyd Fandango Oddfella's Cantina The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc. Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival Virginia Wine Festival Virginia, Floyd Virginia, Roanoke Virginia, Southwest-- Music Festival","The records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n","Series 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n 1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n 1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015 1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016 1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 1.7 The Phoenix, 2006 \nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals 2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016 2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015 2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated 2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011  \nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival 3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006 3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated 3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007  3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004 \nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles  4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015  \nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia  5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014 5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003 5.3 Mini Discs, 2002 \nSeries 6: Live Discs  6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012 6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012 6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007 6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010 6.5 Fandango, 2010  6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009 6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008 6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010 6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011 6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012","Across the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n","This collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n","Across the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n","Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["AC 035\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016"],"collection_title_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016"],"collection_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n 2002-2016"],"repository_ssm":["Radford University"],"repository_ssim":["Radford University"],"creator_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear feet, 1,090 photographs, 3 mini discs, 6 videotapes, 5 linear feet of C.D's"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear feet, 1,090 photographs, 3 mini discs, 6 videotapes, 5 linear feet of C.D's"],"indexes_html_tesm":["\u003cindex\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSubject Terms\n\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eJohnson, Erika\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eHodges,Kris\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eAcross the Way Productions, Inc.\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eFloyd Fest\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eCapital City Carnival and Microbew Fest\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eFloyd Fandango\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eOddfella's Cantina\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eThe Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eTotally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eVintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eVirginia Wine Festival\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Floyd\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Roanoke\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Southwest-- Music Festival\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003c/index\u003e"],"indexes_tesim":["Subject Terms\n Johnson, Erika Hodges,Kris Across the Way Productions, Inc. Floyd Fest Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest Floyd Fandango Oddfella's Cantina The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc. Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival Virginia Wine Festival Virginia, Floyd Virginia, Roanoke Virginia, Southwest-- Music Festival"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.7 The Phoenix, 2006\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.3 Mini Discs, 2002\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 6: Live Discs \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.5 Fandango, 2010 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n","Series 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n 1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n 1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015 1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016 1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 1.7 The Phoenix, 2006 \nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals 2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016 2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015 2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated 2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011  \nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival 3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006 3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated 3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007  3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004 \nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles  4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015  \nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia  5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014 5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003 5.3 Mini Discs, 2002 \nSeries 6: Live Discs  6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012 6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012 6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007 6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010 6.5 Fandango, 2010  6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009 6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008 6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010 6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011 6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcross the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information \n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAcross the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Across the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n"],"names_ssim":["Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival"],"name_ssim":["Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":554,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:11:13.988Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vira_across-the-way_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c12_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01993_c12_c11"],"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c12"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"text":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA","11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955","Box 301"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955","title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955"],"title_tesim":["11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n                   \n                  1955"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2353,"containers_ssim":["Box 301"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:36:33.499Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01993","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01993.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9973"],"text":["9973","Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956","The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items.","GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n          I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n          II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n          III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n          IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n          V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n          VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n          VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n          VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n          IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n          X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n          XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n          XII. Memorabilia \n          XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n          XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n          XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n          XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n          XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n          XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n          XIX. Motion Picture Films \n          XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n          XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n          1. \n          Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n          2. \n          Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n          3. \n          May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n          4. \n          Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n          5. \n          Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n          6. \n          Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n          7. \n          Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n          This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n          In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n          The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n          1. \n          General Correspondence File :\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n          This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n          The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n          Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n          The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n          2. \n          Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n          a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n          b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n          c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n          d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n          Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n          The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n          Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n          A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n          A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n          Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n          2. \n          Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n          Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n          2. \n          Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n          Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n          The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n          All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n          The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n          The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n          From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n          Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n          Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n          The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n          A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n          The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n          The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n          The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n          A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         ","The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n          State V. Harold Israel in which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n          Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration (1934); \n          Federal Justice , with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n          We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n          The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.","The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n          Federal Justice and \n          The Biography of a Department ,\n         correspondence about these books and \n          The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n          Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["9973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n          \n         1850-1956"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were a gift to the library from Professor\n            Carl McFarland, School of Law, University of Virginia, on\n            14 December 1976. They were originally deposited in the\n            library on 21 June and 26 July 1974."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n          I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n          II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n          III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n          IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n          V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n          VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n          VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n          VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n          IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n          X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n          XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n          XII. Memorabilia \n          XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n          XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n          XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n          XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n          XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n          XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n          XIX. Motion Picture Films \n          XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n          XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n          1. \n          Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n          2. \n          Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n          3. \n          May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n          4. \n          Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n          5. \n          Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n          6. \n          Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n          7. \n          Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n          This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n          In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n          The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n          1. \n          General Correspondence File :\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n          This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n          The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n          Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n          The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n          2. \n          Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n          a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n          b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n          c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n          d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n          Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n          The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n          Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n          A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n          A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n          Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n          2. \n          Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n          Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n          2. \n          Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n          Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n          The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n          All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n          The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n          The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n          From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n          Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n          Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n          The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n          A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n          The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n          The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n          The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n          A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eState V. Harold Israel\u003c/title\u003ein which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was the author of four books: \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLiberty Under Law and\n         Administration\u003c/title\u003e(1934); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e, with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWe Can Prevent Crime\u003c/title\u003e(1937); and\n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Tired Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n          State V. Harold Israel in which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n          Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration (1934); \n          Federal Justice , with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n          We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n          The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biography of a Department\u003c/title\u003e,\n         correspondence about these books and \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings\u003c/title\u003e, and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n          Federal Justice and \n          The Biography of a Department ,\n         correspondence about these books and \n          The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n          Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2709,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:36:33.499Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eGENERAL BACKGROUND\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eI. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eII. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIII. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eV. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eX. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXII. Memorabilia \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIX. Motion Picture Films \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDESCRIPTION OF SERIES\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eSeries I: Family Papers\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHomer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAudie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925\u003c/emph\u003e: This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMay Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHelen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955\u003c/emph\u003e: This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eJulia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMarguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIn addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eGeneral Correspondence File\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eOf particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMiscellaneous Papers\u003c/emph\u003e. This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ea) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eb) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ec) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ed) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Speeches and Articles\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSpeeches, 1886-1950\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSpeeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArticles, 1918-1945\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Literary Papers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDiaries, 1919-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLiterary Papers, 1750-1953\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAll but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFrom the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBesides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThere are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMany excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c12_c11"}},{"id":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"/11 Phi Delta Phi","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02470_c04_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02470_c04_c11"],"id":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02470","_root_":"viu_viu02470","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02470_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02470_c04","parent_ssim":["viu_viu02470","viu_viu02470_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02470","viu_viu02470_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"text":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia","/4 Fraternities","/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"title_filing_ssi":"/11 Phi Delta Phi","title_ssm":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"title_tesim":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"normalized_title_ssm":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":31,"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:11:51.099Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu02470","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02470","_root_":"viu_viu02470","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02470","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu02470.xml","title_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-23"],"text":["RG-23","Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia","The collection\n         comprises 200 linear feet.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-23"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"collection_title_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n         Virginia"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The collection\n         comprises 200 linear feet."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":103,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:11:51.099Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02470_c04_c11"}},{"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c40#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","ref_ssm":["viu_viu03215_c03_c40"],"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n               Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n               Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"text":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n               Rives Childs' Foreign Travels","11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943","Box 18"],"title_filing_ssi":"11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943","title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943"],"title_tesim":["11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n                   Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings 1943"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":183,"containers_ssim":["Box 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#39","timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:30:57.644Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu03215","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu03215.xml","title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9256-d"],"text":["9256-d","The Papers of J. Rives Childs","The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n          General\n         Correspondence. Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n          Memoirs and letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.","The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["9256-d"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were packed at Mr. Childs' home in Nice and\n            shipped to the University in January, 1972."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eGeneral\n         Correspondence.\u003c/title\u003eAmong Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMemoirs\u003c/title\u003eand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n          General\n         Correspondence. Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n          Memoirs and letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":206,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T02:30:57.644Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c40"}},{"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11 photographs labelled \n                   Spain, 1943 1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","ref_ssm":["viu_viu03215_c03_c35"],"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Papers of J. 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Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eGeneral\n         Correspondence.\u003c/title\u003eAmong Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMemoirs\u003c/title\u003eand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. 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Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n          Memoirs and letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. 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