{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026page=3","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026page=2","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026page=4","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026page=8"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":8,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":75,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Death.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains 5x7 and 8x10 inch black and white photos of African American funerals, as well as of dead adults and babies in their coffins.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Death.","1 folder.","Box-folder \n                  6:9","Contains 5x7 and 8x10 inch black and white photos\n                  of African American funerals, as well as of dead\n                  adults and babies in their coffins."],"title_filing_ssi":"Death.","title_ssm":["Death."],"title_tesim":["Death."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Death."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"physdesc_tesim":["1 folder."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":20,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  6:9"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains 5x7 and 8x10 inch black and white photos\n                  of African American funerals, as well as of dead\n                  adults and babies in their coffins.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains 5x7 and 8x10 inch black and white photos\n                  of African American funerals, as well as of dead\n                  adults and babies in their coffins."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c06"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Family\n                  Portraits.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eConsists of formal black and white portraits of African American families posing in their homes or gathered for a special event, such as Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Family\n                  Portraits.","6 folders.","Box-folder \n                  6:1-6:8","Consists of formal black and white portraits of\n                  African American families posing in their homes or\n                  gathered for a special event, such as Christmas."],"title_filing_ssi":"Family\n                  Portraits.","title_ssm":["Family\n                  Portraits."],"title_tesim":["Family\n                  Portraits."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Family\n                  Portraits."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"physdesc_tesim":["6 folders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":15,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  6:1-6:8"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of formal black and white portraits of\n                  African American families posing in their homes or\n                  gathered for a special event, such as Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of formal black and white portraits of\n                  African American families posing in their homes or\n                  gathered for a special event, such as Christmas."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c04"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00097_c04_c03","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"General.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00097_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00097_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00097_c04_c03"],"id":"viwc_viwc00097_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00097","_root_":"viwc_viwc00097","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00097_c04","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00097_c04","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00097","viwc_viwc00097_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00097","viwc_viwc00097_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959.","Printed\n               Materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959.","Printed\n               Materials"],"text":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959.","Printed\n               Materials","General.","Box-folder \n                  6:5"],"title_filing_ssi":"\n                  General.","title_ssm":["\n                  General."],"title_tesim":["\n                  General."],"normalized_title_ssm":["General."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Delos H. 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Reference/Research Cards \n          Series 10. Scrapbooks \n          Series 11 Oversize Drawings"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDelos H. Smith (1884-1963) was the architect and\n         architectural historian of Alexandria, Virginia. Smith\n         specialized in ecclesiastical work and practiced in Washington\n         D. C. His projects included numerous churches, two low-rent\n         housing projects, the Beltsville Farm Export Station, and the\n         Capitol Building Prayer Room, on which he was a consulting\n         architect. Smith also served as commander of the Civil\n         Engineering Corps, U.S. Naval Reserve, from 1940-45, and as\n         design superintendent of the Army and Navy Munitious Board at\n         the Norfolk Navy Yard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Delos H. Smith (1884-1963) was the architect and\n         architectural historian of Alexandria, Virginia. Smith\n         specialized in ecclesiastical work and practiced in Washington\n         D. C. His projects included numerous churches, two low-rent\n         housing projects, the Beltsville Farm Export Station, and the\n         Capitol Building Prayer Room, on which he was a consulting\n         architect. Smith also served as commander of the Civil\n         Engineering Corps, U.S. Naval Reserve, from 1940-45, and as\n         design superintendent of the Army and Navy Munitious Board at\n         the Norfolk Navy Yard."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in the collection include photographs, prints,\n         architectural drawings, newspaper and magazine clippings,\n         letters, scrapbooks, notebooks, maps, books, and periodicals.\n         Major subject areas in the collection are colonial religious\n         and secular architecture in the eastern United States,\n         materials on British and other European origins of American\n         colonial architecture, and art books as sources for\n         architectural drawings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the collection include photographs, prints,\n         architectural drawings, newspaper and magazine clippings,\n         letters, scrapbooks, notebooks, maps, books, and periodicals.\n         Major subject areas in the collection are colonial religious\n         and secular architecture in the eastern United States,\n         materials on British and other European origins of American\n         colonial architecture, and art books as sources for\n         architectural drawings."],"names_ssim":["Delos H. 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Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959.","Church\n            architecture--East (U.S.)","Church\n            history--East (U.S.)",".5 cubic feet.","This collection has been organized into series: \n          Series 1. Photographs \n          Series 2. Correspondence \n          Series 3. Drawings \n          Series 4. Printed Materials \n          Series 5. Newspaper and Magazine Clippings \n          Series 6. Notebooks and Maps with Colonial Churches\n         Marked \n          Series 7. Miscellaneous Materials arranged and labelled\n         by D. H. Smith \n          Series 8. Washington (D.C.) and Surrounding Area\n         Materials \n          Series 9. Reference/Research Cards \n          Series 10. Scrapbooks \n          Series 11 Oversize Drawings","Delos H. Smith (1884-1963) was the architect and\n         architectural historian of Alexandria, Virginia. Smith\n         specialized in ecclesiastical work and practiced in Washington\n         D. C. 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Smith (Delos Hamilton),\n            1884-1963.","Smith, Delos\n            H. (Delos Hamilton), 1884- 1963.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 90.6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959."],"collection_title_tesim":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959."],"collection_ssim":["Delos H. Smith Collection, \n          \n         ca.1940-ca.1959."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Delos H. Smith (Delos Hamilton),\n            1884-1963."],"creator_ssim":["Delos H. Smith (Delos Hamilton),\n            1884-1963."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Delos H. Smith (Delos Hamilton),\n            1884-1963."],"creators_ssim":["Delos H. 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Reference/Research Cards \n          Series 10. Scrapbooks \n          Series 11 Oversize Drawings"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDelos H. Smith (1884-1963) was the architect and\n         architectural historian of Alexandria, Virginia. Smith\n         specialized in ecclesiastical work and practiced in Washington\n         D. C. His projects included numerous churches, two low-rent\n         housing projects, the Beltsville Farm Export Station, and the\n         Capitol Building Prayer Room, on which he was a consulting\n         architect. Smith also served as commander of the Civil\n         Engineering Corps, U.S. Naval Reserve, from 1940-45, and as\n         design superintendent of the Army and Navy Munitious Board at\n         the Norfolk Navy Yard.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Delos H. Smith (1884-1963) was the architect and\n         architectural historian of Alexandria, Virginia. 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(Delos Hamilton), 1884- 1963."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":116,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:29:52.019Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00097_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Gooch Notes (n.d.)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02"],"id":"viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00527","_root_":"viwc_viwc00527","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00527_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00527_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00527","viwc_viwc00527_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00527","viwc_viwc00527_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d.","Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d.","Papers"],"text":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d.","Papers","Gooch Notes (n.d.)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Gooch Notes (n.d.)","title_ssm":["Gooch Notes (n.d.)"],"title_tesim":["Gooch Notes (n.d.)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Gooch Notes (n.d.)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":11,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":15,"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00527","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00527","_root_":"viwc_viwc00527","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00527","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00527.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d. "],"title_tesim":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d. "],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS2007.8 "],"text":["MS2007.8 ","Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d.","Governors - Virginia","Notes",".25 linear feet.","The papers are arranged in series. ","Dr. Edward Riley was Director of Research at Colonial Williamsburg. He was appointed\n                in 1954 and retired in 1976. ","A series within the 20th Century Collections, the Dr. Edward Riley Papers have been\n                divided into two subseries: Assorted and Gooch Notes. The Assorted subseries\n                contains documents donated by Riley's widow, Annette, to Riley's successor, Cary\n                Carson. Several boxes were given to Carson, and the Historical Research Department\n                sorted through before transfering the papers to Special Collections. Riley's\n                research on William Gooch comprises the other subseries. 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","","On site - 20th Century Collections ","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Tennessee Emigration Society ","Baylor family","Gooch, William, Sir, 1681-1751","English "],"unitid_tesim":["MS2007.8 "],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d."],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Edward Riley Papers  n.d."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Riley, Dr. Edward "],"creator_ssim":["Riley, Dr. Edward "],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transfer, 2007 "],"access_subjects_ssim":["Governors - Virginia","Notes"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Governors - Virginia","Notes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".25 linear feet."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in series. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement "],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in series. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Edward Riley was Director of Research at Colonial Williamsburg. He was appointed\n                in 1954 and retired in 1976. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information "],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Edward Riley was Director of Research at Colonial Williamsburg. He was appointed\n                in 1954 and retired in 1976. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA series within the 20th Century Collections, the Dr. Edward Riley Papers have been\n                divided into two subseries: Assorted and Gooch Notes. The Assorted subseries\n                contains documents donated by Riley's widow, Annette, to Riley's successor, Cary\n                Carson. Several boxes were given to Carson, and the Historical Research Department\n                sorted through before transfering the papers to Special Collections. Riley's\n                research on William Gooch comprises the other subseries. Per CW Historian Linda\n                Rowe, Riley intended to publish Gooch's letters. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content "],"scopecontent_tesim":["A series within the 20th Century Collections, the Dr. Edward Riley Papers have been\n                divided into two subseries: Assorted and Gooch Notes. The Assorted subseries\n                contains documents donated by Riley's widow, Annette, to Riley's successor, Cary\n                Carson. Several boxes were given to Carson, and the Historical Research Department\n                sorted through before transfering the papers to Special Collections. Riley's\n                research on William Gooch comprises the other subseries. Per CW Historian Linda\n                Rowe, Riley intended to publish Gooch's letters. "],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"/\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":[""],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eOn site - 20th Century Collections \u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["On site - 20th Century Collections "],"names_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Tennessee Emigration Society ","Baylor family","Gooch, William, Sir, 1681-1751"],"corpname_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg Foundation","Tennessee Emigration Society "],"famname_ssim":["Baylor family"],"persname_ssim":["Gooch, William, Sir, 1681-1751"],"language_ssim":["English "],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00527_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Historic buildings outside of Virginia","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains reference and research drawings and notes on colonial style architecture outside of Virginia. Arranged alphebetically by location name. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02"],"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608","_root_":"viwc_ViWC00608","_nest_parent_":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02","parent_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02","parent_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2"],"text":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2","Historic buildings outside of Virginia","folder 2","Contains reference and research drawings and notes on colonial style architecture outside of Virginia. Arranged alphebetically by location name.\n\t"],"title_filing_ssi":"Historic buildings outside of Virginia\n\t","title_ssm":["Historic buildings outside of Virginia\n\t"],"title_tesim":["Historic buildings outside of Virginia\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic buildings outside of Virginia"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"extent_ssm":["12 folders"],"extent_tesim":["12 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":12,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":128,"containers_ssim":["folder 2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains reference and research drawings and notes on colonial style architecture outside of Virginia. Arranged alphebetically by location name.\n\t\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains reference and research drawings and notes on colonial style architecture outside of Virginia. Arranged alphebetically by location name.\n\t"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_ViWC00608","ead_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608","_root_":"viwc_ViWC00608","_nest_parent_":"viwc_ViWC00608","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/ViWC00608.xml","title_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972\n"],"title_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1989.23\n"],"text":["MS 1989.23\n","Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia.","Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n","Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n","Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1989.23\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_title_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"creator_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 cubic ft."],"extent_tesim":["7 cubic ft."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n"],"names_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"persname_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Historic buildings within Williamsburg","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e Contains reference and research drawings and notes on 18th century buildings within Williamsburg, VA. Also contains some sketches on Native american villages and a sketchbook. Arranged alphebetically by location name. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01"],"id":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608","_root_":"viwc_ViWC00608","_nest_parent_":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02","parent_ssi":"viwc_ViWC00608_c02","parent_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_ViWC00608","viwc_ViWC00608_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2"],"text":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","2","Historic buildings within Williamsburg","folder 1"," Contains reference and research drawings and notes on 18th century buildings within Williamsburg, VA. Also contains some sketches on Native american villages and a sketchbook. Arranged alphebetically by location name.\n\t"],"title_filing_ssi":"Historic buildings within Williamsburg\n\t","title_ssm":["Historic buildings within Williamsburg\n\t"],"title_tesim":["Historic buildings within Williamsburg\n\t"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historic buildings within Williamsburg"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"extent_ssm":["55 folders"],"extent_tesim":["55 folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":54,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":73,"containers_ssim":["folder 1"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Contains reference and research drawings and notes on 18th century buildings within Williamsburg, VA. Also contains some sketches on Native american villages and a sketchbook. 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Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972","Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia.","Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n","Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n","This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n","Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1989.23\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_title_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"collection_ssim":["Singleton P. Moorehead Papers, \n 1923-1972"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"creator_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P. (Singleton Peabody) (1900-1964)\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Colonial--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architecture, Modern.","Architecture--Conservation and restoration--Virginia--Williamsburg.","Architects--Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 cubic ft."],"extent_tesim":["7 cubic ft."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged in ten boxes, the first five of which are oversized materials. Boxes 1 and 2 are research and reference drawings organized by location name. Box 3 contains his notebooks. Boxes 4 and 5 primarily contain materials from when Moorehead was a student. Box 6 contains correspondence and other miscellaneous reference material. Boxes 7-10 contain reference index cards. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSingleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a prominent Architect involved in the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg. He graduated from Harvard School of Architecture and was a member of the Boston firm Perry, Shaw, and Hepburn when they were involved in the early stages of the restoration project. He was hired directly and worked on the restoration in the town for 35 years, partnering with archeologists to conduct research on historical architecture all around Virginia. He authored multiple reports on the various historic buildings in Williamsburg. In 1944 he became the Head of Architecture and moved to a consulting position in 1948. In 1963 he retired citing poor heath and died a year later.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964). Included are finished drawings, sketches, reproductions, artwork, postcards, correspondence, printed material and oversized architectural drawings. Much of the material relates to Williamsburg or Virginia buildings. The bulk of the collection is reference and research material from the reconstruction of Colonial Williamsburg. Also included are materials from when Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964) was a student at Harvard, and his time spent studying in Europe, including reproductions of European art and personal original art. There is one item in the collection from after Moorehead's death, a letter sent to a family member located in box six. The majority of the collection is not dated.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection was gathered during the career of Colonial Williamsburg architect, Singleton P. Moorehead (1900-1964), starting from his days as a student at Harvard. It contains architectural drawings, notebooks, notes, sketches, and other illustrations in ten boxes.\n"],"names_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"persname_ssim":["Moorehead, Singleton P., 1900-1964."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:14.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_ViWC00608_c02_c01"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Hunting and\n                  Fishing.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white and color prints of African American men hunting and fishing. Most of the hunting photos are formal portraits of hunting clubs displaying the game they caught. The fishing photos are candid shots of groups engaged in fishing on boats or along rivers.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Hunting and\n                  Fishing.","2 folders.","Box-folder \n                  13;5-13:6","Includes black and white and color prints of\n                  African American men hunting and fishing. Most of the\n                  hunting photos are formal portraits of hunting clubs\n                  displaying the game they caught. The fishing photos\n                  are candid shots of groups engaged in fishing on\n                  boats or along rivers."],"title_filing_ssi":"Hunting and\n                  Fishing.","title_ssm":["Hunting and\n                  Fishing."],"title_tesim":["Hunting and\n                  Fishing."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hunting and\n                  Fishing."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"physdesc_tesim":["2 folders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":100,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  13;5-13:6"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes black and white and color prints of\n                  African American men hunting and fishing. Most of the\n                  hunting photos are formal portraits of hunting clubs\n                  displaying the game they caught. The fishing photos\n                  are candid shots of groups engaged in fishing on\n                  boats or along rivers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes black and white and color prints of\n                  African American men hunting and fishing. Most of the\n                  hunting photos are formal portraits of hunting clubs\n                  displaying the game they caught. The fishing photos\n                  are candid shots of groups engaged in fishing on\n                  boats or along rivers."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#20","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c21"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Jamestown.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eConsists of color prints of costumed interpreters and visitors at the reconstructed Jamestown fort and of the monument on Jamestown Island.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22"],"id":"viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100_c01","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00100","viwc_viwc00100_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints."],"text":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","Photoprints.","Jamestown.","2 folders.","Box-folder \n                  13:7-13:8","Consists of color prints of costumed interpreters\n                  and visitors at the reconstructed Jamestown fort and\n                  of the monument on Jamestown Island."],"title_filing_ssi":"\n                  Jamestown.","title_ssm":["\n                  Jamestown."],"title_tesim":["\n                  Jamestown."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jamestown."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"physdesc_tesim":["2 folders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":101,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  13:7-13:8"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConsists of color prints of costumed interpreters\n                  and visitors at the reconstructed Jamestown fort and\n                  of the monument on Jamestown Island.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Consists of color prints of costumed interpreters\n                  and visitors at the reconstructed Jamestown fort and\n                  of the monument on Jamestown Island."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#21","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00100","_root_":"viwc_viwc00100","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00100","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00100.xml","title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AV-92.1"],"text":["AV-92.1","Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs.","34 boxes (14 linear ft.)","This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers","Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.","The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.","Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.","Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["AV-92.1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"collection_ssim":["Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Albert Durant."],"creator_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"creators_ssim":["Albert Durant."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase, 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["\n            Accidents--Virginia--Williamsburg-- Photographs.","African\n            American photographers--Virginia--Williamsburg.","African\n            American students--Virginia-- Photographs.","African\n            American\n            students--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","African\n            Americans--Virginia--Williamsburg--Social life and\n            customs--Photographs.","\n            Crime--Virginia--Williamsburg--Photographs.","Disasters--\n            Virginia--Williamsburg- -Photographs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["34 boxes (14 linear ft.)"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 5 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. Photoprints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Negatives \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Slides \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Oversize Prints \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 5 series: \n          Series 1. Photoprints \n          Series 2. Negatives \n          Series 3. Slides \n          Series 4. Oversize Prints \n          Series 5. Personal Papers"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Wadsworth Durant was born on February 2, 1920 in New\n         York City to Samuel and Bessie Durant. His mother was a native\n         of Williamsburg who moved with her husband to New York and\n         worked as a domestic servant for a family. After the death of\n         her husband, who was originally from the West Indies, Bessie\n         Durant and her children re-located to Williamsburg, Virginia\n         in 1929.","At age 36, Durant married Elsie Lucille Ferguson on August\n         18, 1956. They raised three sons, Albert W. Durant, Jr., Byron\n         Murphy, and Roderick Ferguson and two daughters, Yvette Durant\n         and Deanna Ferguson.","Albert Durant ran his own chauffeuring and limousine\n         business in the Williamsburg area, providing services to many\n         distinguished visitors to the city, including the Queen Mother\n         of England, the Prince of Japan, and various chief justices.\n         He often took his customers on excursions to local historic\n         sites, including Colonial Williamsburg, Jamestown, and the\n         James River plantations. Through course work at the College of\n         William and Mary, Durant acquired a background in American\n         history which enabled him to provide historical commentary as\n         he drove customers through the countryside.","Durant's contacts at the College of William and Mary\n         sparked his initial interest in photography and once he had\n         obtained equipment and training, Durant began creating his own\n         historical record of the Williamsburg area. As the first city\n         licensed black photographer in Williamsburg, Durant produced\n         hundreds of portraits documenting the families and activities\n         of African-American residents and also documented significant\n         events, places, and person in and around Williamsburg.","In addition, Albert Durant worked to improve the conditions\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg by serving in various\n         positions in the city's government. He acted as the first\n         black Justice of the Peace and Bail Commissioner in\n         Williamsburg and served as the first black magistrate of the\n         General District Court from his appointment in 1962 until his\n         retirement in 1975.","Albert Durant died at age 71 on April 14, 1991."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfrican-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOccupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDurant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Story of a Patriot,\u003c/title\u003e\"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlthough this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Albert Durant Photography Collection encompasses\n         photoprints, negatives, slides, and personal papers which\n         document the photographic production of Williamsburg's first\n         black city-licensed photographer, Albert Durant. In addition,\n         these materials offer a visual archive of the African-American\n         experience in Williamsburg between the 1930s and 1960s.","African-American family life is documented in both formal\n         and informal family portraits and portraits of infants and\n         children. Family events, such as birthdays, anniversaries,\n         weddings, funerals, and holiday celebrations, are also\n         represented in formal group portraits and candid shots of\n         events taking place.","The collection provides a fascinating glimpse into\n         African-American social life in Williamsburg during the 1940s\n         and 1950s. Durant captures the atmosphere of local jazz and\n         nite clubs through scenes of performers singing and dancing\n         and audiences socializing. Many different taverns and clubs\n         are represented, including Yorkie's Tavern in Lightfoot, Va.,\n         the Hillside Cafe Beer Garden, and various clubs in West Point\n         and Hampton. Entertainers pictured in the images include\n         Grant's Trio, Mell-O-Tones, and the Atomic Swingsters. Since\n         Durant occasionally took trips to New York to meet members of\n         well-known blues and jazz bands, the collection also features\n         a few portraits of such musicians as Count Basie.","Durant also acted as photographer for many African-\n         American clubs and organizations. Along with taking formal\n         group portraits, he documented these groups through informal\n         shots of meetings, dinners, and special events. Many\n         African-American women's clubs dedicated to social reform, as\n         well as women's missionary circles, are documented in these\n         photos. The series of club portraits also encompasses\n         occupational groups, such as hairdresser's clubs and doctor's\n         conventions, as well as garden clubs, musical performance\n         groups, hunting and fishing clubs, and community service\n         groups. Several African-American organizations dedicated to\n         fighting for civil rights are also represented, including the\n         Yorktown Chapter of the National Association for the\n         Advancement of Corlored People.","African-American student life during the late 1940s and\n         early 1950s is also featured in this visual archive. Durant\n         acted as a portrait photographer for Junior-Senior Proms at\n         local black high schools and also documented the sports teams,\n         marching bands, choirs, students, and faculty at Bruton\n         Heights School in Williamsburg. The series of images he\n         categorized as relating to \"School Affairs\" encompasses\n         Homecoming parades and assemblies, football and basketball\n         teams, theater productions, graduation portraits, and group\n         portraits of classes, clubs, and faculty at various high\n         schools. His negative identifications for this series indicate\n         that he photographed students at Frederick Douglas School,\n         James Weldon Johnson School in Yorktown, Charles City School,\n         Bruton Heights School, Mathew Whaley School, and at various\n         schools in Isle of Wight and Charles City counties.","Various clubs and student organizations are featured in\n         images of parades in Williamsburg and Smithfield. Among the\n         parades represented are the College of William and Mary's\n         Homecoming parades, a Shriner parade, and a parade celebrating\n         the 250th Anniversary of Williamsburg. These photos show\n         various floats prepared by such groups as the Puritan Club,\n         the Junior Women's Club, the Smithfield Players, and college\n         glee clubs and fraternities and sororities.","A popular summer recreational area for Williamsburg's\n         African-Americans in the 1940s and 1950s was Log Cabin Beach.\n         Durant took dozens of souvenir portraits of men, women, and\n         children at this beach along James River. The collection\n         includes numerous examples of these souvenir portraits, some\n         of which are still in their original mats with the Log Cabin\n         Beach inscription.","African-American spiritual life is also well-documented by\n         the collection. Durant photographed church groups, such as\n         choirs and missionary circles, as well as individuals\n         participating in rituals, at many different black churches in\n         the Williamsburg area. Included in this collection are\n         negatives and photoprints of members of the congregations of\n         Mt. Gilead Baptist Church in Grove, Va., New Zion Baptist\n         Church in Lightfoot, Va., First Baptist Church in\n         Williamsburg, Va., and several other Baptist churches in the\n         area. A series of photos also captures Baptist ministers\n         performing full-immersion baptisms in a river.","Occupations, working conditions, and business opportunities\n         for African-Americans in Williamsburg are also documented in\n         this collection. The photos show African-Americans working in\n         restaurants, beauty and barber shops, stores, offices, dry\n         cleaners, and gas stations. Since he often picked up customers\n         at the Williamsburg Inn and Williamsburg Lodge, Durant enjoyed\n         photographing other chaffeurs and taxi drivers waiting at the\n         hotels, as well as African-American porters and bell captains\n         who were stationed at the entrances. African-American costumed\n         interpreters at Colonial Williamsburg are also captured in\n         some of his informal portraits.","Durant compiled a photographic record of the white\n         community in Williamsburg in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s as he\n         fulfilled commissions for wedding pictures, school portraits,\n         businesses, nightclubs, organizations, and special events.\n         Since he chauffered many distinguished visitors around\n         Williamsburg, Durant had opportunities to capture the visits\n         of such heads of state as Queen Elizabeth of Great Britain and\n         the Prince of Japan. In addition, Durant photographed various\n         members of John D. Rockefeller, Jr.'s family at Bassett Hall\n         and at various sites around the Historic Area.","Colonial Williamsburg's buildings, employees, and programs\n         are also featured in many photos. As part of his photography\n         business, Durant prepared Christmas photo cards with snow\n         scenes of the Historic Area. In addition, he took a series of\n         color slides which document the filming of \n          The Story of a Patriot, \"\n         the official orientation film still in use at Colonial\n         Williamsburg's Visitor's Center. Durant also took many posed\n         portraits of both white and African-American costumed\n         interpreters who worked in the Historic Area.","Crime, accidents, and disasters in Williamsburg were also\n         recorded on film by Durant, who appers to have provided\n         photographic services to the Police Department. A series of\n         photos provides a graphic visual record of a fire at the Brick\n         House Tavern in the Historic Area. Durant also recorded\n         automobile accidents and police investigations.","Other local events commemorated in Durant's photos include\n         the trial run of the S.S. United States, a ship built by the\n         Newport News Shipyard and Drydock Co. (now known as Newport\n         News Shipbuilding.) This series of photos documents staff on\n         board the ship, as well as the interiors of various rooms and\n         the exterior of the ship. Durant also compiled photographic\n         documentation of the groundbreaking for the Anheuser-Busch\n         plant and of the Bicentennial at Yorktown in 1976.","Although this collection provides little documentation of\n         Durant's personal life, it does include one box of personal\n         papers relating to Durant's limousine business and to his\n         activities as a member of the city government. Some of these\n         papers were removed for preservation purposes from a scrapbook\n         and are retained in their original order in a folder. They\n         include certificates, correspondence, news clippings, and\n         photos documenting Durant's activities as a magistrate, notary\n         public, and chauffeur. Durant's concern about equal\n         opportunities for African-Americans is reflected in news\n         clippings about housing discrimination, as well as a letter\n         from President Johnson's secretary personally thanking Durant\n         for his comments on the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The\n         scrapbook materials also include several letters from\n         satisfied customers who enjoyed Durant's driving and\n         historical commentary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collections consists of the\n         photographs of Albert Durant, chauffer, entrepreneur, and\n         photographer of Williamsburg, Va. Photos chiefly depict the\n         social, religious, and economic activities of African-\n         Americans in Williamsburg and the surrounding area from the\n         1930s through the 1960s."],"names_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)","Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"corpname_ssim":["Atomic Swingsters (Musical\n            group)","Brick House Tavern\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Bruton Heights School\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Charles City School (Charles\n            City, Va.)","Colonial\n            Williamsburg Foundation.","First Baptist Church\n            (Williamsburg, Va.)","Grant's Trio (Musical\n            group)","Hillside Cafe Beer\n            Garden.","James Weldon Johnson School\n            (Yorktown, Va.)","Mell-O-Tones (Musical\n            group)","Mt. Gilead Baptist Church\n            (James City County, Va.)","National Association for the\n            Advancement of Colored People--Yorktown, Virginia\n            Branch.","New Zion Baptist Church\n            (Lightfoot, Va.)","Newport News Shipbuilding\n            and Dry Dock Company.","United States (Ship :\n            1952)","United\n            States. Voting Rights Act of 1965.","Yorkie's Tavern (Yorktown,\n            Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Albert Durant.","Basie, Count,\n            1904-","Elizabeth,\n            II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Durant, Albert Wadsworth,\n            1920-1991."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":187,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:39.454Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00100_c01_c22"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"John Paul Jones\n                  articles.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePrinted articles by Samuel Eliot Morison on John Paul Jones including several manuscript copies of his article on the Willie Jones-John Paul Jones tradition.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02"],"id":"viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00089","_root_":"viwc_viwc00089","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00089_c02","parent_ssi":"viwc_viwc00089_c02","parent_ssim":["viwc_viwc00089","viwc_viwc00089_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viwc_viwc00089","viwc_viwc00089_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964.","Samuel Eliot Morison\n               Publications."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964.","Samuel Eliot Morison\n               Publications."],"text":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964.","Samuel Eliot Morison\n               Publications.","John Paul Jones\n                  articles.","Box-folder \n                  2:33","Printed articles by Samuel Eliot Morison on John\n                  Paul Jones including several manuscript copies of his\n                  article on the Willie Jones-John Paul Jones\n                  tradition."],"title_filing_ssi":"John Paul Jones\n                  articles.","title_ssm":["John Paul Jones\n                  articles."],"title_tesim":["John Paul Jones\n                  articles."],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Paul Jones\n                  articles."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"collection_ssim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":37,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder \n                  2:33"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrinted articles by Samuel Eliot Morison on John\n                  Paul Jones including several manuscript copies of his\n                  article on the Willie Jones-John Paul Jones\n                  tradition.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Printed articles by Samuel Eliot Morison on John\n                  Paul Jones including several manuscript copies of his\n                  article on the Willie Jones-John Paul Jones\n                  tradition."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:36.624Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00089","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00089","_root_":"viwc_viwc00089","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00089","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00089.xml","title_ssm":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"title_tesim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 90.3"],"text":["MS 90.3","Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964.","1 linear ft.","This collection has been organized into 7 series: \n          Series 1. John Paul Jones Research \n          Series 2. Samuel Eliot Morison Publications \n          Series 3. Ball Family Research \n          Series 4. Lafayette Research \n          Series 5. Mason Family Research \n          Series 6. Montague/Minor/Weeks Research \n          Series 7. Miscellaneous Materials \n          Series 8. Oversize Materials","Helene and Estelle Philibert, researchers of Alexandria,\n         Virginia, were employed by the Department of the Navy in a\n         confidential capacity for many years and later assisted with\n         naval history projects.","Papers include notes, printed pamphlets, brochures,\n         catalogues and newspaper clippings, as well as typescripts and\n         copies of documents. They pertain to the Philiberts' research\n         on different topics and individuals. The bulk of the\n         collection pertains to Helene Philibert's research on John\n         Paul Jones (1747-1792) for Samuel Eliot Morisons's (1887-1976)\n         work on Jones entitled John Paul Jones: a Sailor's Biography,\n         c.1959. The Jones research contains copies of documents\n         pertaining to or written by Jones. These papers concern\n         primarily his arrival in America and his service in the United\n         States Navy during the Revolution (1776-1781.)","Also includes correspondence between Samuel Eliot Morison\n         and Helene Philibert documenting the research process, and\n         clippings and photos pertaining to Jones and to Morison's\n         career. Other topics and individuals include the Montague,\n         Minor and Weeks families; the Ball family, especially Mary\n         Washington Ball (1708-1789); the Marquis de Lafayette\n         (1757-1834), especially his 1824-25 visit to the United\n         States, and the Society of the American Friends of Lafayette;\n         and the Mason family, especially John Mason, the growth of\n         Washington, D.C., and Gunston Hall.","United\n            States--Navy--History--Revolution, 1775-1783.","Ball\n            family.","Mason\n            family.","Minor\n            family.","Montague\n            family.","Weeks\n            family.","Helene Philibert.","Estelle Philibert.","Philibert,\n            Helene.","Forrestal,\n            James, 1892- 1949.","Jones, John\n            Paul, 1747-1792.","Lafayette,\n            Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de,\n            1757-1834.","Morison,\n            Samuel Eliot, 1887-1976.","Washington,\n            Mary Ball, 1708- 1789.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 90.3"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"collection_title_tesim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"collection_ssim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert Papers, \n          \n         1947-1964."],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Helene Philibert. Estelle Philibert."],"creator_ssim":["Helene Philibert. Estelle Philibert."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Helene Philibert.","Estelle Philibert."],"creators_ssim":["Helene Philibert.","Estelle Philibert."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift, 1990."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 linear ft."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been organized into 7 series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1. John Paul Jones Research \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2. Samuel Eliot Morison Publications \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3. Ball Family Research \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4. Lafayette Research \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5. Mason Family Research \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6. Montague/Minor/Weeks Research \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7. Miscellaneous Materials \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8. Oversize Materials\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been organized into 7 series: \n          Series 1. John Paul Jones Research \n          Series 2. Samuel Eliot Morison Publications \n          Series 3. Ball Family Research \n          Series 4. Lafayette Research \n          Series 5. Mason Family Research \n          Series 6. Montague/Minor/Weeks Research \n          Series 7. Miscellaneous Materials \n          Series 8. Oversize Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelene and Estelle Philibert, researchers of Alexandria,\n         Virginia, were employed by the Department of the Navy in a\n         confidential capacity for many years and later assisted with\n         naval history projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Helene and Estelle Philibert, researchers of Alexandria,\n         Virginia, were employed by the Department of the Navy in a\n         confidential capacity for many years and later assisted with\n         naval history projects."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers include notes, printed pamphlets, brochures,\n         catalogues and newspaper clippings, as well as typescripts and\n         copies of documents. They pertain to the Philiberts' research\n         on different topics and individuals. The bulk of the\n         collection pertains to Helene Philibert's research on John\n         Paul Jones (1747-1792) for Samuel Eliot Morisons's (1887-1976)\n         work on Jones entitled John Paul Jones: a Sailor's Biography,\n         c.1959. The Jones research contains copies of documents\n         pertaining to or written by Jones. These papers concern\n         primarily his arrival in America and his service in the United\n         States Navy during the Revolution (1776-1781.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso includes correspondence between Samuel Eliot Morison\n         and Helene Philibert documenting the research process, and\n         clippings and photos pertaining to Jones and to Morison's\n         career. Other topics and individuals include the Montague,\n         Minor and Weeks families; the Ball family, especially Mary\n         Washington Ball (1708-1789); the Marquis de Lafayette\n         (1757-1834), especially his 1824-25 visit to the United\n         States, and the Society of the American Friends of Lafayette;\n         and the Mason family, especially John Mason, the growth of\n         Washington, D.C., and Gunston Hall.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers include notes, printed pamphlets, brochures,\n         catalogues and newspaper clippings, as well as typescripts and\n         copies of documents. They pertain to the Philiberts' research\n         on different topics and individuals. The bulk of the\n         collection pertains to Helene Philibert's research on John\n         Paul Jones (1747-1792) for Samuel Eliot Morisons's (1887-1976)\n         work on Jones entitled John Paul Jones: a Sailor's Biography,\n         c.1959. The Jones research contains copies of documents\n         pertaining to or written by Jones. These papers concern\n         primarily his arrival in America and his service in the United\n         States Navy during the Revolution (1776-1781.)","Also includes correspondence between Samuel Eliot Morison\n         and Helene Philibert documenting the research process, and\n         clippings and photos pertaining to Jones and to Morison's\n         career. Other topics and individuals include the Montague,\n         Minor and Weeks families; the Ball family, especially Mary\n         Washington Ball (1708-1789); the Marquis de Lafayette\n         (1757-1834), especially his 1824-25 visit to the United\n         States, and the Society of the American Friends of Lafayette;\n         and the Mason family, especially John Mason, the growth of\n         Washington, D.C., and Gunston Hall."],"names_ssim":["United\n            States--Navy--History--Revolution, 1775-1783.","Ball\n            family.","Mason\n            family.","Minor\n            family.","Montague\n            family.","Weeks\n            family.","Helene Philibert.","Estelle Philibert.","Philibert,\n            Helene.","Forrestal,\n            James, 1892- 1949.","Jones, John\n            Paul, 1747-1792.","Lafayette,\n            Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de,\n            1757-1834.","Morison,\n            Samuel Eliot, 1887-1976.","Washington,\n            Mary Ball, 1708- 1789."],"corpname_ssim":["United\n            States--Navy--History--Revolution, 1775-1783."],"famname_ssim":["Ball\n            family.","Mason\n            family.","Minor\n            family.","Montague\n            family.","Weeks\n            family."],"persname_ssim":["Helene Philibert.","Estelle Philibert.","Philibert,\n            Helene.","Forrestal,\n            James, 1892- 1949.","Jones, John\n            Paul, 1747-1792.","Lafayette,\n            Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de,\n            1757-1834.","Morison,\n            Samuel Eliot, 1887-1976.","Washington,\n            Mary Ball, 1708- 1789."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":76,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:30:36.624Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00089_c02_c02"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":75},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","value":"Albert Durant Photography Collection,\n          20th\n         century.","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Albert+Durant+Photography+Collection%2C%0A++++++++++20th%0A+++++++++century.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Delos H. 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