{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026view=list","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=8\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=10\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=7304\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":9,"next_page":10,"prev_page":8,"total_pages":7304,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":80,"total_count":73032,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c12_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01993_c12_c11"],"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c12"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. Masonic Apron \n                  \n                  1955","title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"title_tesim":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"text":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955","Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA","Box 301"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2353,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"containers_ssim":["Box 301"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#10","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:57:30.183Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01993","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01993.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"text":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956","9973","The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items.","There are no restrictions.","GENERAL BACKGROUNDThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n         I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n         II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n         III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n         IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n         V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n         VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n         VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n         VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n         IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n         X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n         XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n         XII. Memorabilia \n         XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n         XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n         XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n         XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n         XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n         XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n         XIX. Motion Picture Films \n         XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n         XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953","DESCRIPTION OF SERIESSeries I: Family PapersThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n         1. \n         Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956: This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n         2. \n         Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925: This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n         3. \n         May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955: Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n         4. \n         Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953: This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n         5. \n         Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955: This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n         6. \n         Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956: This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n         7. \n         Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955: Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them.","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n         This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n         In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n         The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically.","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n         1. \n         General Correspondence File:\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n         This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n         The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n         Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n         The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n         2. \n         Miscellaneous Papers. This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n         a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n         b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n         c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n         d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order.","Series IV: Speeches and Articles1. \n         Speeches, 1886-1950: This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n         The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n         Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n         A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n         A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n         Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n         2. \n         Articles, 1918-1945: Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.","Series V. Literary Papers1. \n         Diaries, 1919-1956: Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n         2. \n         Literary Papers, 1750-1953:\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n         Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n         The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n         All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n         The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n         The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n         From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n         Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n         Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937.","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically.","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938.","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n         The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n         A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n         The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n         The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n         The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n         A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives.","The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n         State V. Harold Israelin which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n         Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration(1934); \n         Federal Justice, with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n         We Can Prevent Crime(1937); and\n         The Tired Sea(1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.","The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n         Federal Justiceand \n         The Biography of a Department,\n         correspondence about these books and \n         The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings, and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n         Federal Justice.","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9973"],"unitid_tesim":["9973"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were a gift to the library from Professor\n            Carl McFarland, School of Law, University of Virginia, on\n            14 December 1976. They were originally deposited in the\n            library on 21 June and 26 July 1974."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["GENERAL BACKGROUNDThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n         I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n         II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n         III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n         IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n         V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n         VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n         VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n         VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n         IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n         X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n         XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n         XII. Memorabilia \n         XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n         XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n         XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n         XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n         XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n         XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n         XIX. Motion Picture Films \n         XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n         XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953","DESCRIPTION OF SERIESSeries I: Family PapersThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n         1. \n         Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956: This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n         2. \n         Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925: This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n         3. \n         May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955: Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n         4. \n         Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953: This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n         5. \n         Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955: This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n         6. \n         Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956: This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n         7. \n         Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955: Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them.","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n         This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n         In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n         The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically.","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n         1. \n         General Correspondence File:\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n         This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n         The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n         Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n         The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n         2. \n         Miscellaneous Papers. This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n         a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n         b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n         c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n         d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order.","Series IV: Speeches and Articles1. \n         Speeches, 1886-1950: This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n         The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n         Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n         A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n         A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n         Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n         2. \n         Articles, 1918-1945: Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.","Series V. Literary Papers1. \n         Diaries, 1919-1956: Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n         2. \n         Literary Papers, 1750-1953:\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n         Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n         The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n         All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n         The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n         The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n         From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n         Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n         Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937.","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically.","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938.","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n         The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n         A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n         The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n         The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n         The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n         A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eState V. Harold Israel\u003c/title\u003ein which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eHe was the author of four books: \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLiberty Under Law and\n         Administration\u003c/title\u003e(1934); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e, with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWe Can Prevent Crime\u003c/title\u003e(1937); and\n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Tired Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n         State V. Harold Israelin which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n         Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration(1934); \n         Federal Justice, with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n         We Can Prevent Crime(1937); and\n         The Tired Sea(1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n            9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n            Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n            9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n            Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biography of a Department\u003c/title\u003e,\n         correspondence about these books and \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings\u003c/title\u003e, and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eCummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n         Federal Justiceand \n         The Biography of a Department,\n         correspondence about these books and \n         The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings, and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n         Federal Justice.","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2709,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:57:30.183Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eGENERAL BACKGROUND\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eI. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eII. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIII. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eV. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eX. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXII. Memorabilia \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIX. Motion Picture Films \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDESCRIPTION OF SERIES\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eSeries I: Family Papers\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHomer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAudie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925\u003c/emph\u003e: This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMay Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHelen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955\u003c/emph\u003e: This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eJulia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMarguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIn addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eGeneral Correspondence File\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eOf particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMiscellaneous Papers\u003c/emph\u003e. This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ea) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eb) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ec) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ed) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Speeches and Articles\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSpeeches, 1886-1950\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSpeeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArticles, 1918-1945\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Literary Papers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDiaries, 1919-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLiterary Papers, 1750-1953\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAll but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFrom the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBesides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThere are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMany excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n    "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c12_c11"}},{"id":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"/11 Phi Delta Phi","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02470_c04_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02470_c04_c11"],"id":"viu_viu02470_c04_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02470","_root_":"viu_viu02470","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02470_c04","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02470_c04","parent_ssim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02470","viu_viu02470_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"/11 Phi Delta Phi","title_ssm":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"title_tesim":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"normalized_title_ssm":["/11 Phi Delta Phi"],"text":["/11 Phi Delta Phi","Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia","/4 Fraternities"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":31,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#10","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:09.197Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu02470","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02470","_root_":"viu_viu02470","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02470","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu02470.xml","title_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"text":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia","RG-23","The collection\n         comprises 200 linear feet.","There are no restrictions.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Student Organizations at the University of\n Virginia"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-23"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-23"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The collection\n         comprises 200 linear feet."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStudent Organizations at the University of Virginia,\n            Accession # RG-23, Special Collections Dept., University of\n            Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Student Organizations at the University of Virginia,\n            Accession # RG-23, Special Collections Dept., University of\n            Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":103,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:09.197Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02470_c04_c11"}},{"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11 photographs labelled \n Patton-Orgaz\n meetings1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c40#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","ref_ssm":["viu_viu03215_c03_c40"],"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c40","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"11 photographs labelled \n                  Patton-Orgaz\n                  meetings1943","title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n Patton-Orgaz\n meetings1943"],"title_tesim":["11 photographs labelled \n Patton-Orgaz\n meetings1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n Patton-Orgaz\n meetings1943"],"text":["11 photographs labelled \n Patton-Orgaz\n meetings1943","The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels","Box 18"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":183,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"containers_ssim":["Box 18"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#39","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:26.667Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu03215","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu03215.xml","title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"text":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","9256-d","There are no restrictions.","The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         General\n         Correspondence.Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         Memoirsand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.","The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9256-d"],"unitid_tesim":["9256-d"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were packed at Mr. Childs' home in Nice and\n            shipped to the University in January, 1972."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eGeneral\n         Correspondence.\u003c/title\u003eAmong Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMemoirs\u003c/title\u003eand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         General\n         Correspondence.Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         Memoirsand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of J. Rives Childs, Accession #9256-d ,\n            Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs, Accession #9256-d ,\n            Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":206,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:26.667Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c40"}},{"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11 photographs labelled \n Spain, 19431943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","ref_ssm":["viu_viu03215_c03_c35"],"id":"viu_viu03215_c03_c35","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssi":"viu_viu03215_c03","parent_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu03215","viu_viu03215_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"11 photographs labelled \n                  Spain, 19431943","title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n Spain, 19431943"],"title_tesim":["11 photographs labelled \n Spain, 19431943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11 photographs labelled \n Spain, 19431943"],"text":["11 photographs labelled \n Spain, 19431943","The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels","Box 18"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","Papers Relating to and Photographs of J.\n Rives Childs' Foreign Travels"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":178,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"containers_ssim":["Box 18"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#34","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:26.667Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu03215","ead_ssi":"viu_viu03215","_root_":"viu_viu03215","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu03215","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu03215.xml","title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"text":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs","9256-d","There are no restrictions.","The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         General\n         Correspondence.Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         Memoirsand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.","The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"collection_ssim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9256-d"],"unitid_tesim":["9256-d"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were packed at Mr. Childs' home in Nice and\n            shipped to the University in January, 1972."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eGeneral\n         Correspondence.\u003c/title\u003eAmong Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMemoirs\u003c/title\u003eand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three parts, the first of\n         which contains correspondence and personal items. Childs'\n         correspondence is mainly with his family and the Baroness\n         Marcelle de Jouvenel. Other correspondence is grouped under\n         the heading \n         General\n         Correspondence.Among Childs' personal items are\n         articles written by him, Confederate bills, a diary of Mrs.\n         John W. Childs, 1873- 1876, items concerning Childs' student\n         days, and pictures of Childs and his wife.","The second part of the collection contains papers relating\n         to the life of Jacques Casanova. Included are copies of\n         Casanova's \n         Memoirsand letters, articles\n         written about Casanova, research notes of Childs and other\n         Casanova scholars, and correspondence between Childs and\n         various people interested in Casanova. Two boxes contain\n         microfilmed copies of Casanova materials.","The last part of this collection contains two manuscripts\n         about the middle east and three boxes of snapshots of Childs'\n         foreign travels."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of J. Rives Childs, Accession #9256-d ,\n            Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of J. Rives Childs, Accession #9256-d ,\n            Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia Library,\n            Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The additional papers of J. Rives Childs accessioned as\n         #9256-d comprise 19 Hollinger boxes and 1 oversize folio. In\n         addition to his manuscripts, there are nine books and\n         magazines and a newspaper."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":206,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:58:26.667Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu03215_c03_c35"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01","parent_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 1: Administrative"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents","title_ssm":["1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents"],"text":["1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents","Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 1: Administrative"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 1: Administrative"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 1: Administrative"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":37,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_600.xml","title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"text":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.","This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.","2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"unitid_tesim":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by The Commonwealth Council of Virginia Girl Scouts in two batches in 2011 and 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Reports\u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Financial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.9 Other Councils\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Camps\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\t\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.3 Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Slides \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 Audio-Visual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Artifacts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2Ephemera\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2: Camps\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. \u003cbr\u003eThis series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:16.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi01145_c02_c07","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association, 12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01145_c02_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01145_c02_c07","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01145_c02_c07"],"id":"vi_vi01145_c02_c07","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01145","_root_":"vi_vi01145","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01145_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01145_c02","parent_ssim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002","Operations Manuals, 1985-1988"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01145","vi_vi01145_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association,\n12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia.","title_ssm":["11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association, 12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia."],"title_tesim":["11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association, 12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia."],"normalized_title_ssm":["11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association, 12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia."],"text":["11th Annual Joint Meeting of Southeastern United States/Japan Association, 12-14 October 1986.\nHeld in Hot Springs, Virginia.","William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002","Operations Manuals, 1985-1988"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002","Operations Manuals, 1985-1988"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002","Operations Manuals, 1985-1988"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":17,"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#6","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:23:47.882Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01145","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01145","_root_":"vi_vi01145","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01145","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01145.xml","title_ssm":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"title_tesim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"text":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002","41386","Collection is open to research.","William Bartow Rowland, Jr. earned his bachelor's degree from Augusta College and his master's degree from the University of Georgia. He served as deputy director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, director\nof Executive Services in the Office of the Governor, and deputy director of the Department of Planning and Budget. After leaving government employ, Rowland served as a consultant to government through his firm,\nThe Consultancy. He and his wife Janice Flanders Rowland had three children. Rowland died 30 January 2006 in Richmond, Virginia.","Operation manuals, 1976-2002, compiled by William Bartow Rowland (1943-2002), while serving as Events Coordinator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. The manuals cover operational procedures for a wide range of\nevents from the bicentennial celebration of the battle of Yorktown and the voyage of the replica of the ship Godspeed to Governors' Conferences and agency meetings, as well as a postponed visit by officials from\nthe Soviet Union. Collection also includes reports on various aspects of state government and on the Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation and the celebration of the 400th anniversary of Jamestown settlement.","There are no restrictions.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"collection_ssim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["41386"],"unitid_tesim":["41386"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of William B. Rowland of Richmond, Virginia, 9 August 2004."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Bartow Rowland, Jr. earned his bachelor's degree from Augusta College and his master's degree from the University of Georgia. He served as deputy director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, director\nof Executive Services in the Office of the Governor, and deputy director of the Department of Planning and Budget. After leaving government employ, Rowland served as a consultant to government through his firm,\nThe Consultancy. He and his wife Janice Flanders Rowland had three children. Rowland died 30 January 2006 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Bartow Rowland, Jr. earned his bachelor's degree from Augusta College and his master's degree from the University of Georgia. He served as deputy director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, director\nof Executive Services in the Office of the Governor, and deputy director of the Department of Planning and Budget. After leaving government employ, Rowland served as a consultant to government through his firm,\nThe Consultancy. He and his wife Janice Flanders Rowland had three children. Rowland died 30 January 2006 in Richmond, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002. Accession 41386, Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["William Bartow Rowland Operations Manuals, 1976-2002. Accession 41386, Personal Papers Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOperation manuals, 1976-2002, compiled by William Bartow Rowland (1943-2002), while serving as Events Coordinator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. The manuals cover operational procedures for a wide range of\nevents from the bicentennial celebration of the battle of Yorktown and the voyage of the replica of the ship Godspeed to Governors' Conferences and agency meetings, as well as a postponed visit by officials from\nthe Soviet Union. Collection also includes reports on various aspects of state government and on the Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation and the celebration of the 400th anniversary of Jamestown settlement.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Operation manuals, 1976-2002, compiled by William Bartow Rowland (1943-2002), while serving as Events Coordinator for the Commonwealth of Virginia. The manuals cover operational procedures for a wide range of\nevents from the bicentennial celebration of the battle of Yorktown and the voyage of the replica of the ship Godspeed to Governors' Conferences and agency meetings, as well as a postponed visit by officials from\nthe Soviet Union. Collection also includes reports on various aspects of state government and on the Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation and the celebration of the 400th anniversary of Jamestown settlement."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":59,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:23:47.882Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01145_c02_c07"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials, 1996","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01","parent_ssim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024","Series I: International UIFA Events"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials,","title_ssm":["11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials"],"title_tesim":["11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials, 1996"],"text":["11th Congress UIFA, Budapest, Hungary conference materials, 1996","International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024","Series I: International UIFA Events","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024","Series I: International UIFA Events"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024","Series I: International UIFA Events"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1996"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["September 2-8, 1996"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":11,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1996],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#7","timestamp":"2026-09-17T13:57:22.154Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2755.xml","title_filing_ssi":"International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials","title_ssm":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials"],"title_tesim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials"],"unitdate_ssm":["1981-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024"],"text":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024","Ms.2012.001","/repositories/2/resources/2755","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women-owned architectural firms","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","The International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials is arranged subject: Series I: International UIFA Events, which is arranged chronologically, and Series II: UIFA Chapters.","Founded in 1963, by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour, the International Union of Women Architects/Union International des Femmes Architectes (UIFA) aims to make known and promote the Woman Architect; to establish relationships and exchanges between professional women; to collect all information concerning the stature and professional life of these women world-wide; to favor friendship links and solidarity, between all members, without political, racial, or religious discrimination. UIFA also works closely with the International Union of Architects (UIA) and others for the interest of the built environment.","UIFA members range from over 75 different countries.","The guide to the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials was completed in January 2012. The 2015 accession and additional items were incorporated prior to 2023. A 2023 addition was incorporated in October 2023.","See the following collections, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives, for additional UIFA materials and information:","Kristine K. Fallon Papers, Ms2000-035","Gertrude Galster publications and Gerda Pingel exhibition posters in the  IAWA Small Collections, Ms1996-020","L. Jane Hastings Architectural Papers, Ms2004-004","Berta Rahm Architectural Collection, Ms1998-011","Jean Linden Young Papers, Ms1998-022","Ute Weström Architectural Papers, Ms1996-023","The collection contains publications and presentation material from UIFA international events beginning with the Second Workshop of UIFA in 1981 and continuing to present day conferences. Newsletters and pamphlets from individual chapters of representing nations (specifically UIFA Japan) are also present.","A significant portion of these materials have been donated by Milka Bliznakov, International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA) founder as well as frequent speaker and attendee at UIFA events.  Bliznakov used UIFA Congresses as a catalyst for meeting leading woman in the profession and for encouraging participants to donate collections to the IAWA.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) was founded in 1963 by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour.  The organization aims to promote women in the profession by increasing the public's awareness of contributions made to the field by women and by creating a network of international colleagues. UIFA encourages the exchange of information through its regular conferences hosted by participating chapters from around the globe.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Union of Women Architects","Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako","The materials in the collection are in English and Japanese."],"collection_title_tesim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024"],"collection_ssim":["International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, 1981/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2012.001","/repositories/2/resources/2755"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2012.001","/repositories/2/resources/2755"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Union of Women Architects"],"creators_ssim":["Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Union of Women Architects"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in multiple accruals from 2001-2015 and in additional undated donations. An addition was made in 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women-owned architectural firms","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women-owned architectural firms","Architects","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Cubic Feet 3 boxes, 4 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["4 Cubic Feet 3 boxes, 4 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials is arranged subject: Series I: International UIFA Events, which is arranged chronologically, and Series II: UIFA Chapters.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials is arranged subject: Series I: International UIFA Events, which is arranged chronologically, and Series II: UIFA Chapters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded in 1963, by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour, the International Union of Women Architects/Union International des Femmes Architectes (UIFA) aims to make known and promote the Woman Architect; to establish relationships and exchanges between professional women; to collect all information concerning the stature and professional life of these women world-wide; to favor friendship links and solidarity, between all members, without political, racial, or religious discrimination. UIFA also works closely with the International Union of Architects (UIA) and others for the interest of the built environment. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUIFA members range from over 75 different countries.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded in 1963, by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour, the International Union of Women Architects/Union International des Femmes Architectes (UIFA) aims to make known and promote the Woman Architect; to establish relationships and exchanges between professional women; to collect all information concerning the stature and professional life of these women world-wide; to favor friendship links and solidarity, between all members, without political, racial, or religious discrimination. UIFA also works closely with the International Union of Architects (UIA) and others for the interest of the built environment.","UIFA members range from over 75 different countries."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, Ms2012-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials, Ms2012-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials was completed in January 2012. The 2015 accession and additional items were incorporated prior to 2023. A 2023 addition was incorporated in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) Conference Materials was completed in January 2012. The 2015 accession and additional items were incorporated prior to 2023. A 2023 addition was incorporated in October 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the following collections, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives, for additional UIFA materials and information:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3229\" title=\"Kristine Fallon\"\u003eKristine K. Fallon Papers, Ms2000-035\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGertrude Galster publications and Gerda Pingel exhibition posters in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2473\" title=\"IAWA Small Collections\"\u003e IAWA Small Collections, Ms1996-020\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2265\" title=\"L. Jane Hastings\"\u003eL. Jane Hastings Architectural Papers, Ms2004-004\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2068\" title=\"Berta Rahm\"\u003eBerta Rahm Architectural Collection, Ms1998-011\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2076\" title=\"Jean Linden Young\"\u003eJean Linden Young Papers, Ms1998-022\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2033\" title=\"Ute Westrom\"\u003eUte Weström Architectural Papers, Ms1996-023\u003c/a\u003e \u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the following collections, which are also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives, for additional UIFA materials and information:","Kristine K. Fallon Papers, Ms2000-035","Gertrude Galster publications and Gerda Pingel exhibition posters in the  IAWA Small Collections, Ms1996-020","L. Jane Hastings Architectural Papers, Ms2004-004","Berta Rahm Architectural Collection, Ms1998-011","Jean Linden Young Papers, Ms1998-022","Ute Weström Architectural Papers, Ms1996-023"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains publications and presentation material from UIFA international events beginning with the Second Workshop of UIFA in 1981 and continuing to present day conferences. Newsletters and pamphlets from individual chapters of representing nations (specifically UIFA Japan) are also present. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA significant portion of these materials have been donated by Milka Bliznakov, International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA) founder as well as frequent speaker and attendee at UIFA events.  Bliznakov used UIFA Congresses as a catalyst for meeting leading woman in the profession and for encouraging participants to donate collections to the IAWA. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains publications and presentation material from UIFA international events beginning with the Second Workshop of UIFA in 1981 and continuing to present day conferences. Newsletters and pamphlets from individual chapters of representing nations (specifically UIFA Japan) are also present.","A significant portion of these materials have been donated by Milka Bliznakov, International Archives of Women in Architecture (IAWA) founder as well as frequent speaker and attendee at UIFA events.  Bliznakov used UIFA Congresses as a catalyst for meeting leading woman in the profession and for encouraging participants to donate collections to the IAWA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d8e930f984afef3511225274be3fe3c9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) was founded in 1963 by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour.  The organization aims to promote women in the profession by increasing the public's awareness of contributions made to the field by women and by creating a network of international colleagues. UIFA encourages the exchange of information through its regular conferences hosted by participating chapters from around the globe.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The International Union of Women Architects (UIFA) was founded in 1963 by Solange d'Herbez de la Tour.  The organization aims to promote women in the profession by increasing the public's awareness of contributions made to the field by women and by creating a network of international colleagues. UIFA encourages the exchange of information through its regular conferences hosted by participating chapters from around the globe."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Union of Women Architects"],"names_coll_ssim":["International Union of Women Architects","Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako"],"persname_ssim":["Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Union of Women Architects","Gorgenyi, Judit","Hoksza, Eva","Oron, Joyce, 1954-","Nanasy, Ilona","Matsukawa-Tsuchida, Junko","Toshiko-Yamamoto, Kimiyo","Ishikawa, Yaeko","Masamune, Kazuko","Nanay, Eva","Tihanyi, Judit","Xu, Yifang","Inagaki, Hiroko","Møller, Alice Finnerup","Higashi, Yumiko","Suzuki, Hisako","Katsumi, Noriko","Yakabe, Masako","Hazwaw, Masako"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English and Japanese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":63,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-09-17T13:57:22.154Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2755_c01_c08"}},{"id":"vi_vi01278_c01_c10","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"11. Virginia State Crime Commission.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01278_c01_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01278_c01_c10","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01278_c01_c10"],"id":"vi_vi01278_c01_c10","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01278","_root_":"vi_vi01278","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01278_c01","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01278_c01","parent_ssim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999."],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01278","vi_vi01278_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. Virginia State Crime Commission.","title_ssm":["11. Virginia State Crime Commission."],"title_tesim":["11. Virginia State Crime Commission."],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. Virginia State Crime Commission."],"text":["11. Virginia State Crime Commission.","Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999."],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":114,"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":80,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["One box of privacy protected records (Box 130) is closed until 2075. Access to privacy protected records including but not limited to: criminal records, social security numbers, and medical records is restricted (public access and photoduplication) for 75 years after date of creation per Code of Virginia 42.1-78."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:23:59.059Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01278","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01278","_root_":"vi_vi01278","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01278","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01278.xml","title_ssm":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"title_tesim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"text":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999","42967","61 cu. ft. (133 boxes)","One box of privacy protected records (Box 130) is closed until 2075. Access to privacy protected records including but not limited to: criminal records, social security numbers, and medical records is restricted (public access and photoduplication) for 75 years after date of creation per Code of Virginia 42.1-78.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999\n        Series II: Legislation files, 1979-1999\n        Series III: Dated files, 1979-1999","Clifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum III of Roanoke, Virginia, was born in 1938 in Washington, D.C.  He attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and received his law degree from the University of Virginia. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention for Virginia in 1972 and served as Virginia Democratic state chair 1972-1976. He was elected to the Virginia State House of Delegates in 1980 and served until his retirement in 2004. His grandfather, Clifton A. Woodrum (1887-1950), served in the U.S. Congress from 1923 to 1945.","Papers, 1979-1999, of Clifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum, former member of the Virginia House of Delegates in the 16th House District, encompassing Roanoke and Roanoke County. Included are legislative and project files, campaign files, press clippings and releases, speeches, and special media.","The papers contain information on specific legislation and topics such as crime, education, judicial selection, medical and health issues, state lottery, rights of women, and taxes. Included are resolutions and material relating to the budget and budget amendments, copies of Virginia House and Senate bills and resolutions, notes, memorandums, correspondence, newsclippings, press releases, reports, and studies. There is correspondence from constituents, colleagues, public interest groups, professional organizations, administration officials, and local government. Also included are internal memos and notes, drafts, reports and studies, and publications.","Woodrum was a spokesman for education, rights of women, and for a fairer tax code. He sponsored legislation in 1987 creating the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program [H.B. 1216], a fund covering medical bills and other expenses for children who suffer disabling neurological injuries at birth. He also headed the Virginia Freedom of Information Advisory Council and pushed for access to government meetings and documents. He was an outspoken critic of the state's move toward electric utility deregulation. Of note are Woodrum's legislative efforts for Roanoke and the surrounding area, including the Roanoke city charter, education, redevelopment, Roanoke Valley consolidation, Hotel Roanoke, and the Roanoke Regional Woodrum Field Airport.","The collection was organized into three series, Numerical files, Legislation files, and Dated files. All three series contain the same type of materials, with Numerical files being the largest series that followed a system created by the office of Woodrum. The archivist attempted to provide descriptive folder titles in an effort to guide the researchers. Many of the folders are arranged by House Bill or House Joint Resolution number and a description of the bill follows the numbers.","There are no restrictions.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"collection_ssim":["Clifton A. Woodrum Papers, 1979-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["42967"],"unitid_tesim":["42967"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Honorable Clifton A. Woodrum III, November 2006."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["61 cu. ft. (133 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne box of privacy protected records (Box 130) is closed until 2075. Access to privacy protected records including but not limited to: criminal records, social security numbers, and medical records is restricted (public access and photoduplication) for 75 years after date of creation per Code of Virginia 42.1-78. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["One box of privacy protected records (Box 130) is closed until 2075. Access to privacy protected records including but not limited to: criminal records, social security numbers, and medical records is restricted (public access and photoduplication) for 75 years after date of creation per Code of Virginia 42.1-78."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Numerical files, 1979-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Legislation files, 1979-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III: Dated files, 1979-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Numerical files, 1979-1999\n        Series II: Legislation files, 1979-1999\n        Series III: Dated files, 1979-1999"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum III of Roanoke, Virginia, was born in 1938 in Washington, D.C.  He attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and received his law degree from the University of Virginia. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention for Virginia in 1972 and served as Virginia Democratic state chair 1972-1976. He was elected to the Virginia State House of Delegates in 1980 and served until his retirement in 2004. His grandfather, Clifton A. Woodrum (1887-1950), served in the U.S. Congress from 1923 to 1945.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Clifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum III of Roanoke, Virginia, was born in 1938 in Washington, D.C.  He attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and received his law degree from the University of Virginia. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention for Virginia in 1972 and served as Virginia Democratic state chair 1972-1976. He was elected to the Virginia State House of Delegates in 1980 and served until his retirement in 2004. His grandfather, Clifton A. Woodrum (1887-1950), served in the U.S. Congress from 1923 to 1945."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClifton A. Woodrum. Papers, 1979-1999. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Clifton A. Woodrum. Papers, 1979-1999. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1979-1999, of Clifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum, former member of the Virginia House of Delegates in the 16th House District, encompassing Roanoke and Roanoke County. Included are legislative and project files, campaign files, press clippings and releases, speeches, and special media. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe papers contain information on specific legislation and topics such as crime, education, judicial selection, medical and health issues, state lottery, rights of women, and taxes. Included are resolutions and material relating to the budget and budget amendments, copies of Virginia House and Senate bills and resolutions, notes, memorandums, correspondence, newsclippings, press releases, reports, and studies. There is correspondence from constituents, colleagues, public interest groups, professional organizations, administration officials, and local government. Also included are internal memos and notes, drafts, reports and studies, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\nWoodrum was a spokesman for education, rights of women, and for a fairer tax code. He sponsored legislation in 1987 creating the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program [H.B. 1216], a fund covering medical bills and other expenses for children who suffer disabling neurological injuries at birth. He also headed the Virginia Freedom of Information Advisory Council and pushed for access to government meetings and documents. He was an outspoken critic of the state's move toward electric utility deregulation. Of note are Woodrum's legislative efforts for Roanoke and the surrounding area, including the Roanoke city charter, education, redevelopment, Roanoke Valley consolidation, Hotel Roanoke, and the Roanoke Regional Woodrum Field Airport.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection was organized into three series, Numerical files, Legislation files, and Dated files. All three series contain the same type of materials, with Numerical files being the largest series that followed a system created by the office of Woodrum. The archivist attempted to provide descriptive folder titles in an effort to guide the researchers. Many of the folders are arranged by House Bill or House Joint Resolution number and a description of the bill follows the numbers.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1979-1999, of Clifton 'Chip' A. Woodrum, former member of the Virginia House of Delegates in the 16th House District, encompassing Roanoke and Roanoke County. Included are legislative and project files, campaign files, press clippings and releases, speeches, and special media.","The papers contain information on specific legislation and topics such as crime, education, judicial selection, medical and health issues, state lottery, rights of women, and taxes. Included are resolutions and material relating to the budget and budget amendments, copies of Virginia House and Senate bills and resolutions, notes, memorandums, correspondence, newsclippings, press releases, reports, and studies. There is correspondence from constituents, colleagues, public interest groups, professional organizations, administration officials, and local government. Also included are internal memos and notes, drafts, reports and studies, and publications.","Woodrum was a spokesman for education, rights of women, and for a fairer tax code. He sponsored legislation in 1987 creating the Virginia Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Program [H.B. 1216], a fund covering medical bills and other expenses for children who suffer disabling neurological injuries at birth. He also headed the Virginia Freedom of Information Advisory Council and pushed for access to government meetings and documents. He was an outspoken critic of the state's move toward electric utility deregulation. Of note are Woodrum's legislative efforts for Roanoke and the surrounding area, including the Roanoke city charter, education, redevelopment, Roanoke Valley consolidation, Hotel Roanoke, and the Roanoke Regional Woodrum Field Airport.","The collection was organized into three series, Numerical files, Legislation files, and Dated files. All three series contain the same type of materials, with Numerical files being the largest series that followed a system created by the office of Woodrum. The archivist attempted to provide descriptive folder titles in an effort to guide the researchers. Many of the folders are arranged by House Bill or House Joint Resolution number and a description of the bill follows the numbers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1582,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:23:59.059Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01278_c01_c10"}},{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"1.1: Washington and Lee University Trustee\n \n 1977-1972","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01"],"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01","parent_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01","parent_ssim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999","1: Subject Files \n \n 1960-1995"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00017","vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Washington and Lee University Trustee\n               \n               1977-1972","title_ssm":["1.1: Washington and Lee University Trustee\n \n 1977-1972"],"title_tesim":["1.1: Washington and Lee University Trustee\n \n 1977-1972"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1: Washington and Lee University Trustee\n \n 1977-1972"],"text":["1.1: Washington and Lee University Trustee\n \n 1977-1972","A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999","1: Subject Files \n \n 1960-1995","Carton 1-2"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999","1: Subject Files \n \n 1960-1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999","1: Subject Files \n \n 1960-1995"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"collection_ssim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"containers_ssim":["Carton 1-2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:46.595Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00017","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wl-law/vilxwl00017.xml","title_ssm":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"title_tesim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"text":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999","017",".","Collection is open to research.","Asbury Christian Compton (October 24, 1929 – April 9, 2006) was an American attorney and judge who served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1974 until 2000, and as a Senior justice until his death.","Compton was a native of Ashland in Hanover County, Virginia, and graduated from Ashland High School in 1946. Compton earned his B.A. in history and politics from Washington and Lee in 1950 and his LL.B. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1953. While at Washington and Lee, Compton served as president of Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity, class officer and captain of the basketball team. He was also a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the lacrosse team, Phi Alpha Delta legal fraternity, the University Glee Club and the Cotillion Club.","Compton served in the U.S. Navy from 1953-1956 and the U.S. Naval Reserve from 1953-1961. He practiced law in Richmond with May, Garrett, Miller, Newman and Compton from 1957-1966.","In 1966, Gov. Mills Godwin appointed Compton to the Law \u0026 Equity Court of the City of Richmond and then to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1974. The General Assembly re-elected him to another term in 1987. He retired from the Supreme Court in February 2000 and began service as a senior justice.","Compton maintained strong ties to Washington and Lee throughout his career. He served as president of the Alumni Association from 1972-1973. He received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from his alma mater in 1975. He served member of the Board of Trustees from 1978-1989. He selected most of his law clerks from the top graduates of Washington and Lee School of Law.","Compton was married to Betty Stephenson Compton for 52 years until his death. They had three daughters-Leigh Compton Kiczales, Mary Compton Psyllos, Melissa Compton Patterson; and eight grandsons. (Source: Wikipedia, 5 October 2016.)","The A. Christian Compton Papers consist of four record cartons of subject files and three record cartons of his Supreme Court of Virginia case files. Much of the subject files deal with Compton's service to his alma mater, Washington and Lee University, as a board member and as an active alumnus. The case files contain appeal documents with an occasional newspaper clipping or letter.","There are no restrictions.","Powell Archives stacks","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"collection_ssim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, 1960-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["017"],"unitid_tesim":["017"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"creator_ssm":["A. Christian Compton"],"creator_ssim":["A. Christian Compton"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["From the estate of A. Christian Compton."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":["7 cubic feet"],"extent_tesim":["7 cubic feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAsbury Christian Compton (October 24, 1929 – April 9, 2006) was an American attorney and judge who served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1974 until 2000, and as a Senior justice until his death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompton was a native of Ashland in Hanover County, Virginia, and graduated from Ashland High School in 1946. Compton earned his B.A. in history and politics from Washington and Lee in 1950 and his LL.B. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1953. While at Washington and Lee, Compton served as president of Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity, class officer and captain of the basketball team. He was also a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the lacrosse team, Phi Alpha Delta legal fraternity, the University Glee Club and the Cotillion Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompton served in the U.S. Navy from 1953-1956 and the U.S. Naval Reserve from 1953-1961. He practiced law in Richmond with May, Garrett, Miller, Newman and Compton from 1957-1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1966, Gov. Mills Godwin appointed Compton to the Law \u0026amp; Equity Court of the City of Richmond and then to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1974. The General Assembly re-elected him to another term in 1987. He retired from the Supreme Court in February 2000 and began service as a senior justice.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompton maintained strong ties to Washington and Lee throughout his career. He served as president of the Alumni Association from 1972-1973. He received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from his alma mater in 1975. He served member of the Board of Trustees from 1978-1989. He selected most of his law clerks from the top graduates of Washington and Lee School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompton was married to Betty Stephenson Compton for 52 years until his death. They had three daughters-Leigh Compton Kiczales, Mary Compton Psyllos, Melissa Compton Patterson; and eight grandsons. (Source: Wikipedia, 5 October 2016.)\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Asbury Christian Compton (October 24, 1929 – April 9, 2006) was an American attorney and judge who served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1974 until 2000, and as a Senior justice until his death.","Compton was a native of Ashland in Hanover County, Virginia, and graduated from Ashland High School in 1946. Compton earned his B.A. in history and politics from Washington and Lee in 1950 and his LL.B. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1953. While at Washington and Lee, Compton served as president of Phi Kappa Sigma fraternity, class officer and captain of the basketball team. He was also a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, the lacrosse team, Phi Alpha Delta legal fraternity, the University Glee Club and the Cotillion Club.","Compton served in the U.S. Navy from 1953-1956 and the U.S. Naval Reserve from 1953-1961. He practiced law in Richmond with May, Garrett, Miller, Newman and Compton from 1957-1966.","In 1966, Gov. Mills Godwin appointed Compton to the Law \u0026 Equity Court of the City of Richmond and then to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1974. The General Assembly re-elected him to another term in 1987. He retired from the Supreme Court in February 2000 and began service as a senior justice.","Compton maintained strong ties to Washington and Lee throughout his career. He served as president of the Alumni Association from 1972-1973. He received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from his alma mater in 1975. He served member of the Board of Trustees from 1978-1989. He selected most of his law clerks from the top graduates of Washington and Lee School of Law.","Compton was married to Betty Stephenson Compton for 52 years until his death. They had three daughters-Leigh Compton Kiczales, Mary Compton Psyllos, Melissa Compton Patterson; and eight grandsons. (Source: Wikipedia, 5 October 2016.)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Christian Compton Papers, Ms 017,\n            Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee\n            University School of Law, Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["A. Christian Compton Papers, Ms 017,\n            Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee\n            University School of Law, Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe A. Christian Compton Papers consist of four record cartons of subject files and three record cartons of his Supreme Court of Virginia case files. Much of the subject files deal with Compton's service to his alma mater, Washington and Lee University, as a board member and as an active alumnus. The case files contain appeal documents with an occasional newspaper clipping or letter.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The A. Christian Compton Papers consist of four record cartons of subject files and three record cartons of his Supreme Court of Virginia case files. Much of the subject files deal with Compton's service to his alma mater, Washington and Lee University, as a board member and as an active alumnus. The case files contain appeal documents with an occasional newspaper clipping or letter."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Storage Location\"\u003ePowell Archives stacks\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["Powell Archives stacks"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":10,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:38:46.595Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00017_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe, 1816/1914","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series includes the personal papers, correspondence, business, legal, and financial documents of William and Mary Boothe. Notable items include Captain William J. Boothe's ship's logs, and Mary Boothe's detailed financial management of her household after her husband's death.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01","parent_ssim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990","Series 1: Boothe Family History"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe","title_ssm":["1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe"],"title_tesim":["1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe, 1816/1914"],"text":["1.1: William J. Boothe And Mary Grace Leadbeater Boothe, 1816/1914","Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990","Series 1: Boothe Family History","This sub-series includes the personal papers, correspondence, business, legal, and financial documents of William and Mary Boothe. Notable items include Captain William J. Boothe's ship's logs, and Mary Boothe's detailed financial management of her household after her husband's death."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990","Series 1: Boothe Family History"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990","Series 1: Boothe Family History"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1816/1914"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1816-1914"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990"],"extent_ssm":["1.22 Cubic Feet 2 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["1.22 Cubic Feet 2 boxes, 6 oversize folders"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":27,"date_range_isim":[1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series includes the personal papers, correspondence, business, legal, and financial documents of William and Mary Boothe. Notable items include Captain William J. Boothe's ship's logs, and Mary Boothe's detailed financial management of her household after her husband's death.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series includes the personal papers, correspondence, business, legal, and financial documents of William and Mary Boothe. Notable items include Captain William J. Boothe's ship's logs, and Mary Boothe's detailed financial management of her household after her husband's death."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_87.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/87","title_ssm":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164)"],"title_tesim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1803-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1803-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1803/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990"],"text":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990","MS164","Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy.","School integration -- Virginia","United States. Army. Volunteer Cavalry, 1st.","World War -- 1939-1945","Spanish-American War, 1898","Business records","Business -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Law offices -- Alexandria (Va.)","Ship registers -- Alexandria (Va.)","Genealogy","Politicians -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Correspondence","This collection has been rearranged to increase access and findability. Previously, it was arranged \"Roughly chronologically and thereunder topically.  Oversized items are grouped by size rather than by subject.\"","The collection has been re-arranged into four series, the first focusing on Armistead Boothe's close and extended family, and the second focusing on Boothe's life and work in Alexandria and Virginia politics. The third series is realia, and and the fourth is photos.","The first series is organized by generation, with genealogical information of Boothe's extended family at the end. The second series is organized topically by the phases of Boothe's life. The fourth series, photos, is arranged by family and then topically.","Included in Series 1 and 2 are folders specifically labelled as containing correspondence, however there are additional instances of correspondence in other folders.","Armistead Boothe (1907-1990) was an Alexandria lawyer and politician. He began practicing law in 1931 at his father's practice. He served as special assistant to the U.S. Attorney General from 1934 to 1936, and then as City Attorney of Alexandria from 1939 through 1943. He was a naval officer in the Pacific Theater from 1943-1945. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1948 and served until 1956, when he was elected to Virginia State Senate, where he served until his retirement in 1964. Boothe married Elizabeth Ravenel Peele in 1934 and had three children and six grandchildren.","Armistead's father, Gardner Lloyd Boothe (1872-1964), was an Alexandria attorney, and president of the First National Bank and the First and Citizens National Bank, member of the Virginia Theological Seminary Board of Trustees from 1916 to 1956, and a vestryman of Christ Church from 1895 to 1956. He married Eleanor Harrison Carr (1881-1968) of Petersburg, Virginia, in 1906, and they lived at 711 Prince Street in Alexandria. Together they had two children, Gardner Lloyd Jr. and Armistead.","Armistead Boothe's paternal grandfather, Captain William J. Boothe (1818-1894), went to sea at an early age and worked up to ship captain. He was married to Mary Leadbeater Boothe (1839-1914) of the Leadbeater Apothecary Shop family. Captain Boothe later served as president of the Alexandria Water Company, vice-president of the First National Bank, and General Superintendent of the American Coal Company.","These are the collected papers of Alexandria politician Armistead Lloyd Boothe (1907-1990). Papers created or collected by Boothe in the course of his career include campaign materials, correspondence with colleagues, and extensive newspaper clippings in addition to other research on political issues such as segregation, education, and transportation.","The collection also includes scrapbooks, journals, albums, memorabilia and other forms of personal papers from various family members. One scrapbook documents Joseph Armistead Carr's career and death as a Rough Rider. Among the highlights of the business, legal, and financial papers in this collection are Captain William Boothe's ship logs. Genealogical papers relate to the Boothe, Carr, Harrison, and other families of Virginia and Alexandria.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution","Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family","Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Armistead Boothe Papers (MS164), 1803/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS164"],"unitid_tesim":["MS164"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy."],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy."],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- Genealogy."],"creator_ssm":["Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964"],"creator_ssim":["Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family"],"creators_ssim":["Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution","Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Julie Boothe Perry between 1989-1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["School integration -- Virginia","United States. Army. Volunteer Cavalry, 1st.","World War -- 1939-1945","Spanish-American War, 1898","Business records","Business -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Law offices -- Alexandria (Va.)","Ship registers -- Alexandria (Va.)","Genealogy","Politicians -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["School integration -- Virginia","United States. Army. Volunteer Cavalry, 1st.","World War -- 1939-1945","Spanish-American War, 1898","Business records","Business -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Law offices -- Alexandria (Va.)","Ship registers -- Alexandria (Va.)","Genealogy","Politicians -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.2 Cubic Feet 14.5 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 18 oversize folders, 3 oversize items, 2 items in map drawers, 1 rolled item"],"extent_tesim":["10.2 Cubic Feet 14.5 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 18 oversize folders, 3 oversize items, 2 items in map drawers, 1 rolled item"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection has been rearranged to increase access and findability. Previously, it was arranged \"Roughly chronologically and thereunder topically.  Oversized items are grouped by size rather than by subject.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been re-arranged into four series, the first focusing on Armistead Boothe's close and extended family, and the second focusing on Boothe's life and work in Alexandria and Virginia politics. The third series is realia, and and the fourth is photos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first series is organized by generation, with genealogical information of Boothe's extended family at the end. The second series is organized topically by the phases of Boothe's life. The fourth series, photos, is arranged by family and then topically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in Series 1 and 2 are folders specifically labelled as containing correspondence, however there are additional instances of correspondence in other folders. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection has been rearranged to increase access and findability. Previously, it was arranged \"Roughly chronologically and thereunder topically.  Oversized items are grouped by size rather than by subject.\"","The collection has been re-arranged into four series, the first focusing on Armistead Boothe's close and extended family, and the second focusing on Boothe's life and work in Alexandria and Virginia politics. The third series is realia, and and the fourth is photos.","The first series is organized by generation, with genealogical information of Boothe's extended family at the end. The second series is organized topically by the phases of Boothe's life. The fourth series, photos, is arranged by family and then topically.","Included in Series 1 and 2 are folders specifically labelled as containing correspondence, however there are additional instances of correspondence in other folders."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArmistead Boothe (1907-1990) was an Alexandria lawyer and politician. He began practicing law in 1931 at his father's practice. He served as special assistant to the U.S. Attorney General from 1934 to 1936, and then as City Attorney of Alexandria from 1939 through 1943. He was a naval officer in the Pacific Theater from 1943-1945. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1948 and served until 1956, when he was elected to Virginia State Senate, where he served until his retirement in 1964. Boothe married Elizabeth Ravenel Peele in 1934 and had three children and six grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmistead's father, Gardner Lloyd Boothe (1872-1964), was an Alexandria attorney, and president of the First National Bank and the First and Citizens National Bank, member of the Virginia Theological Seminary Board of Trustees from 1916 to 1956, and a vestryman of Christ Church from 1895 to 1956. He married Eleanor Harrison Carr (1881-1968) of Petersburg, Virginia, in 1906, and they lived at 711 Prince Street in Alexandria. Together they had two children, Gardner Lloyd Jr. and Armistead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArmistead Boothe's paternal grandfather, Captain William J. Boothe (1818-1894), went to sea at an early age and worked up to ship captain. He was married to Mary Leadbeater Boothe (1839-1914) of the Leadbeater Apothecary Shop family. Captain Boothe later served as president of the Alexandria Water Company, vice-president of the First National Bank, and General Superintendent of the American Coal Company. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Armistead Boothe (1907-1990) was an Alexandria lawyer and politician. He began practicing law in 1931 at his father's practice. He served as special assistant to the U.S. Attorney General from 1934 to 1936, and then as City Attorney of Alexandria from 1939 through 1943. He was a naval officer in the Pacific Theater from 1943-1945. He was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1948 and served until 1956, when he was elected to Virginia State Senate, where he served until his retirement in 1964. Boothe married Elizabeth Ravenel Peele in 1934 and had three children and six grandchildren.","Armistead's father, Gardner Lloyd Boothe (1872-1964), was an Alexandria attorney, and president of the First National Bank and the First and Citizens National Bank, member of the Virginia Theological Seminary Board of Trustees from 1916 to 1956, and a vestryman of Christ Church from 1895 to 1956. He married Eleanor Harrison Carr (1881-1968) of Petersburg, Virginia, in 1906, and they lived at 711 Prince Street in Alexandria. Together they had two children, Gardner Lloyd Jr. and Armistead.","Armistead Boothe's paternal grandfather, Captain William J. Boothe (1818-1894), went to sea at an early age and worked up to ship captain. He was married to Mary Leadbeater Boothe (1839-1914) of the Leadbeater Apothecary Shop family. Captain Boothe later served as president of the Alexandria Water Company, vice-president of the First National Bank, and General Superintendent of the American Coal Company."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8638a5b6-e449-4ae5-8734-ca2c21ce2d99/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item identification], Armistead Boothe Papers, MS164, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item identification], Armistead Boothe Papers, MS164, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese are the collected papers of Alexandria politician Armistead Lloyd Boothe (1907-1990). Papers created or collected by Boothe in the course of his career include campaign materials, correspondence with colleagues, and extensive newspaper clippings in addition to other research on political issues such as segregation, education, and transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes scrapbooks, journals, albums, memorabilia and other forms of personal papers from various family members. One scrapbook documents Joseph Armistead Carr's career and death as a Rough Rider. Among the highlights of the business, legal, and financial papers in this collection are Captain William Boothe's ship logs. Genealogical papers relate to the Boothe, Carr, Harrison, and other families of Virginia and Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These are the collected papers of Alexandria politician Armistead Lloyd Boothe (1907-1990). Papers created or collected by Boothe in the course of his career include campaign materials, correspondence with colleagues, and extensive newspaper clippings in addition to other research on political issues such as segregation, education, and transportation.","The collection also includes scrapbooks, journals, albums, memorabilia and other forms of personal papers from various family members. One scrapbook documents Joseph Armistead Carr's career and death as a Rough Rider. Among the highlights of the business, legal, and financial papers in this collection are Captain William Boothe's ship logs. Genealogical papers relate to the Boothe, Carr, Harrison, and other families of Virginia and Alexandria."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution","Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965"],"famname_ssim":["Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family"],"persname_ssim":["Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Water Company","Potomac, Piedmont and Valley Agricultural Society (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Canal Company","Alexandria Hospital (Va.)","Protestant Episcopal Theological Seminary in Virginia (Alexandria, Va.)","Society of the Sons of the American Revolution","Boothe Family","Carr Family","Harrison Family","Baylor Family","Bernard Family","Bowles Family","Hartshorne Family","Painter Family","Peele Family","Randolph Family","Ravenel Family","Stanley Family","Tatum Family","Thoroughgood Family","Trezevant Family","Boothe, Armistead L. (Armistead Lloyd), 1907-1990","Boothe, Eleanor Harrison Carr, 1881-1968","Boothe, Gardner L. (Gardner Lloyd), 1872-1964","Boothe, William J. (William Jeremiah), 1816-1894","Boothe, Mary Grace Stabler-Leadbeater, 1839-1914","Carr, Joseph Armistead, 1867-1901","Carr, Francis \"Fanny\" Smith Harrison","Boothe, Elizabeth \"Betty\" Ravenel Peele, b. 1912","Churchill, Winston (Winston Leonard Spencer), 1874-1965"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":400,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_87_c01_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":53},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Arlington Public Library","value":"Arlington Public Library","hits":750},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Arlington+Public+Library\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Augusta County Historical Society","value":"Augusta County Historical Society","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Augusta+County+Historical+Society\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Christiansburg Institute Museum and Archives","value":"Christiansburg Institute Museum and Archives","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Christiansburg+Institute+Museum+and+Archives\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":5013},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":75},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax Circuit Court Historic Records Center","value":"Fairfax Circuit Court Historic Records Center","hits":32},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+Circuit+Court+Historic+Records+Center\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":83},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":302},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":98},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the International Archive of Women in Architecture Center, \" selected exhibit panels, 2010","value":"\"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the International Archive of Women in Architecture Center, \" selected exhibit panels, 2010","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Glass+Ceilings%3A+Highlights+from+the+International+Archive+of+Women+in+Architecture+Center%2C+%22+selected+exhibit+panels%2C+2010\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1867-1899","value":"1867-1899","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1867-1899\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Collection of the Professional and Personal Papers of Paul Neff Garber: The Garber Collection\n1899-1972","value":"A Collection of the Professional and Personal Papers of Paul Neff Garber: The Garber Collection\n1899-1972","hits":55},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Collection+of+the+Professional+and+Personal+Papers+of+Paul+Neff+Garber%3A+The+Garber+Collection%0A1899-1972\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide To the Papers of Harry Walter Roberts","value":"A Guide To the Papers of Harry Walter Roberts","hits":44},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+To+the+Papers+of+Harry+Walter+Roberts\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to Burton-Neighbors Addendums","value":"A Guide to Burton-Neighbors Addendums","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+Burton-Neighbors+Addendums\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Congressman Richard Poff Collection","value":"A Guide to the Congressman Richard Poff Collection","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Congressman+Richard+Poff+Collection\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Contents of the Huff Lane Elementary School Time Capsule","value":"A Guide to the Contents of the Huff Lane Elementary School Time Capsule","hits":19},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Contents+of+the+Huff+Lane+Elementary+School+Time+Capsule\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Delta Omega Chapter of\n Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc., 1921, 1988","value":"A Guide to the Delta Omega Chapter of\n Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc., 1921, 1988","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Delta+Omega+Chapter+of%0A+Alpha+Kappa+Alpha+Sorority+Inc.%2C+1921%2C+1988\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Department of Education, School Buildings Service, Architectural drawings and plans, 1920-1970","value":"A Guide to the Department of Education, School Buildings Service, Architectural drawings and plans, 1920-1970","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Department+of+Education%2C+School+Buildings+Service%2C+Architectural+drawings+and+plans%2C+1920-1970\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor E. Lee Trinkle, 1919-1929 [bulk 1922-1926]","value":"A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor E. Lee Trinkle, 1919-1929 [bulk 1922-1926]","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Executive+Papers+of+Governor+E.+Lee+Trinkle%2C+1919-1929+%5Bbulk+1922-1926%5D\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930","value":"A Guide to the Executive Papers of Governor Harry F. Byrd, 1926-1930","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+the+Executive+Papers+of+Governor+Harry+F.+Byrd%2C+1926-1930\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"994","value":"994","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=994\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"995","value":"995","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=995\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"996","value":"996","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=996\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"997","value":"997","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=997\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"998","value":"998","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=998\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"999","value":"999","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=999\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1000","value":"1000","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1001","value":"1001","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1001\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1002","value":"1002","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1002\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1003","value":"1003","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1003\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1004","value":"1004","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1004\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Beck Engraving Company","value":"Beck Engraving Company","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Beck+Engraving+Company\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","value":"Bernard, Simon, 1779-1839","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Bernard%2C+Simon%2C+1779-1839\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","value":"Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Blanding%2C+Magdalen+Gordon%2C+1823-1885\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bowman, Bernard D.","value":"Bowman, Bernard D.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Bowman%2C+Bernard+D.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","value":"Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Buffalo+Society+of+Natural+Sciences\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","value":"Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Chace%2C+Abby+Wheaton+Pearce\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cole, Fred Carrington","value":"Cole, Fred Carrington","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Cole%2C+Fred+Carrington\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","value":"Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Comegys%2C+Harriet+Clayton%2C+1840-1927\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Couper, Wm. (William), 1884-1964","value":"Couper, Wm. (William), 1884-1964","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Couper%2C+Wm.+%28William%29%2C+1884-1964\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","value":"Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Cunningham%2C+Ann+Pamela%2C+1816-1875\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Davis, William W.","value":"Davis, William W.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Davis%2C+William+W.\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","value":"(Later: Salton, Inc.; Russel Hobbs, Inc.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%28Later%3A+Salton%2C+Inc.%3B+Russel+Hobbs%2C+Inc.%29\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A La Vieille Russie (Firm)","value":"A La Vieille Russie (Firm)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A+La+Vieille+Russie+%28Firm%29\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A.\n                     Lincoln","value":"A.\n                     Lincoln","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Lincoln\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A.\n                     Spotswood","value":"A.\n                     Spotswood","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Spotswood\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A.\n                     T. M. Rust","value":"A.\n                     T. M. Rust","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.%0A+++++++++++++++++++++T.+M.+Rust\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Burton Clarke","value":"A. Burton Clarke","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+Burton+Clarke\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","value":"A. Colburn Company (Philadelphia)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+Colburn+Company+%28Philadelphia%29\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","value":"A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+D.+Handy%2C+Stereopticons+and+Supplies+%28Boston%2C+Ma%29\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","value":"A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+E.+Staley+Manufacturing+Company\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. K. Johnston","value":"A. K. Johnston","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+K.+Johnston\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. L. S. Wood","value":"A. L. S. Wood","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+L.+S.+Wood\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Belvoir Mansion","value":"Belvoir Mansion","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Belvoir+Mansion\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bolton Building","value":"Bolton Building","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Bolton+Building\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bowling Green Entrance","value":"Bowling Green Entrance","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Bowling+Green+Entrance\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Central Passage","value":"Central Passage","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Central+Passage\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Circle Storehouse, Clerk's Quarters and Paint Cellar","value":"Circle Storehouse, Clerk's Quarters and Paint Cellar","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Circle+Storehouse%2C+Clerk%27s+Quarters+and+Paint+Cellar\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Coach House","value":"Coach House","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Coach+House\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonnades","value":"Colonnades","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Colonnades\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cupola","value":"Cupola","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Cupola\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"East Lawn","value":"East Lawn","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=East+Lawn\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fredericksburg (Va.)","value":"Fredericksburg (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fredericksburg+%28Va.%29\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Front Parlor","value":"Front Parlor","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Front+Parlor\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Baseball","value":"Baseball","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Baseball\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Basketball","value":"Basketball","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Basketball\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Boats and boating","value":"Boats and boating","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Boats+and+boating\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Choral music","value":"Choral music","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Choral+music\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Cross country","value":"Cross country","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Cross+country\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"DVDs","value":"DVDs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=DVDs\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickey, James -- Correspondence","value":"Dickey, James -- Correspondence","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dickey%2C+James+--+Correspondence\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickey, James -- Deliverance (book)","value":"Dickey, James -- Deliverance (book)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dickey%2C+James+--+Deliverance+%28book%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickey, James -- First Editions","value":"Dickey, James -- First Editions","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dickey%2C+James+--+First+Editions\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickey, James -- Journals","value":"Dickey, James -- Journals","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dickey%2C+James+--+Journals\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Dickey, James -- Photographs","value":"Dickey, James -- Photographs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Dickey%2C+James+--+Photographs\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Sub-series","value":"Sub-series","hits":73032},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":26},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026page=9\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=list"}}]}