{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=4","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=3","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=5","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=104"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":4,"next_page":5,"prev_page":3,"total_pages":104,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30,"total_count":1036,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Alphabetical Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02"],"id":"viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04106","_root_":"viu_viu04106","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04106_c03_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu04106_c03_c02","parent_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series III - House of Representatives Records","Sub-series B - Correspondence Files"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu04106","viu_viu04106_c03","viu_viu04106_c03_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Alphabetical Correspondence","title_ssm":["Alphabetical Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Alphabetical Correspondence"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alphabetical Correspondence"],"text":["Alphabetical Correspondence","Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series III - House of Representatives Records","Sub-series B - Correspondence Files"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series III - House of Representatives Records","Sub-series B - Correspondence Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series III - House of Representatives Records","Sub-series B - Correspondence Files"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":28356,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":15,"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:39:57.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu04106","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04106","_root_":"viu_viu04106","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04106","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu04106.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"text":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","13900","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.","Box 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Any original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:","Series I: Senate Records\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Files\n        Sub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\n        Sub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\n        Sub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\n        Sub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\n        Sub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\n        Sub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\n        Sub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\n        Sub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\n        Sub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\n        Sub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\n        Sub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\n        Sub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\n        Sub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\n        Sub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\n        Sub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\n        Series II: Watergate Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\n        Sub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\n        Sub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\n        Series III: House of Representatives Files\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\n        Sub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\n        Sub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\n        Series IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\n        Sub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\n        Sub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\n        Sub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\n        Sub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\n        Sub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\n        Sub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\n        Series V: Gubernatorial Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\n        Sub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\n        Sub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\n        Sub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\n        Sub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\n        Sub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\n        Series VI: Weicker Family Records\n        Sub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\n        Sub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\n        Sub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\n        Series VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\n        Series VIII: Microfilms \n        Sub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\n        Sub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\n        Series IX: Photographic Materials\n        Sub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\n        Sub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\n        Sub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\n        Sub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\n        Series X: Audio-Visual Records\n        Sub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\n        Sub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\n        Sub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\n        Sub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\n        Series XI: Restricted Files\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\n        Sub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\n        Series XII: Memorabilia.\n        Series XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)","Lowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.","As a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.","Weicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.","Weicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.","Weicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.","Weicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.","Weicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.","During the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.","Weicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.","Weicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.","Weicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.","Weicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew.","This collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).","Series I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.","Series I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.","Series I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.","Series I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.","Series I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.","Series I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.","Series II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.","Series II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.","Series III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.","Series III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.","Series III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.","Series III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.","Series IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.","Series V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.","Series VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.","Series VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.","Series VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.","Series VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.","Series VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.","Series VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.","Series IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.","Series X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.","Series X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.","Series X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.","Series X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.","Series XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.","Series XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.","Series XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["13900"],"unitid_tesim":["13900"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were donated to the University of Virginia by Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                    in January 2007."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2119 Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["2119 Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eBox 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.","Box 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Any original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:","Series I: Senate Records\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Files\n        Sub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\n        Sub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\n        Sub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\n        Sub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\n        Sub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\n        Sub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\n        Sub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\n        Sub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\n        Sub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\n        Sub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\n        Sub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\n        Sub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\n        Sub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\n        Sub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\n        Sub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\n        Series II: Watergate Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\n        Sub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\n        Sub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\n        Series III: House of Representatives Files\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\n        Sub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\n        Sub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\n        Series IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\n        Sub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\n        Sub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\n        Sub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\n        Sub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\n        Sub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\n        Sub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\n        Series V: Gubernatorial Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\n        Sub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\n        Sub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\n        Sub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\n        Sub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\n        Sub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\n        Series VI: Weicker Family Records\n        Sub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\n        Sub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\n        Sub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\n        Series VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\n        Series VIII: Microfilms \n        Sub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\n        Sub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\n        Series IX: Photographic Materials\n        Sub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\n        Sub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\n        Sub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\n        Sub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\n        Series X: Audio-Visual Records\n        Sub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\n        Sub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\n        Sub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\n        Sub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\n        Series XI: Restricted Files\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\n        Sub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\n        Series XII: Memorabilia.\n        Series XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAs a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.","As a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.","Weicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.","Weicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.","Weicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.","Weicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.","Weicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.","During the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.","Weicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.","Weicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.","Weicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.","Weicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Accession #13900, Special Collections,\n                    University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Accession #13900, Special Collections,\n                    University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).","Series I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.","Series I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.","Series I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.","Series I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.","Series I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.","Series I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.","Series II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.","Series II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.","Series III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.","Series III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.","Series III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.","Series III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.","Series IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.","Series V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.","Series VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.","Series VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.","Series VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.","Series VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.","Series VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.","Series VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.","Series IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.","Series X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.","Series X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.","Series X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.","Series X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.","Series XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.","Series XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.","Series XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":32379,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:39:57.361Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAny original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Senate Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Washington Office Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Watergate Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III: House of Representatives Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V: Gubernatorial Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Weicker Family Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Microfilms \u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Photographic Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X: Audio-Visual Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI: Restricted Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII: Memorabilia.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04106_c03_c02_c02"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Al-Qaeda, 1993/2014","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Al-Qaeda","title_ssm":["Al-Qaeda"],"title_tesim":["Al-Qaeda"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Al-Qaeda, 1993/2014"],"text":["Al-Qaeda, 1993/2014","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014","Qaida (Organization)","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993/2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-2014"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":38,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"corpname_ssim":["Qaida (Organization)"],"names_ssim":["Qaida (Organization)"],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained.","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection.","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c03"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c32","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Amanda Yankey, 2019","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c32#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c32","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c32"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c32","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019","Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Amanda Yankey","title_ssm":["Amanda Yankey"],"title_tesim":["Amanda Yankey"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amanda Yankey, 2019"],"text":["Amanda Yankey, 2019","Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019","Oral History Interviews, 2019","Yankey, Amanda","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Parker, Mone'"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019","Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019","Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2019"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2019 November 12"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":47,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"persname_ssim":["Yankey, Amanda","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Parker, Mone'"],"names_ssim":["Yankey, Amanda","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Parker, Mone'"],"date_range_isim":[2019],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#31","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_779.xml","title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["2019"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019"],"text":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019","SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779","oral histories (literary works)","This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.","The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019\n      Oral History Interviews, 2019","This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019 Black Studies and Black Spaces course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center","Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories, 2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"unitid_tesim":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. 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Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"creators_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Molly Godfrey, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eClassroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eOral History Interviews, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019\n      Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019 \u003cemph\u003eBlack Studies and Black Spaces\u003c/emph\u003e course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the \u003ccorpname\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Center\u003c/corpname\u003e (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026amp; Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019 Black Studies and Black Spaces course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"persname_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. 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His musical (book/Lyrics) \"Yes, Virginia The Musical\" was the recipient of a Gold and Silver Lion Award at the 2013 Cannes International Festival of Creativity \nand a Gold CLIO Award. Among other musical highlights, \"American River Suite\" debuted at Carnegie Hall in 2009 and \"Free to Dream\" premiered at Joe's Pub in NYC, followed by a production featuring Darlene Love at the Kimball Theatre. Bill was invited to write the lyrics for \"And That's the Way It Is\" to honor legendary newsman Walter Cronkite at his Lincoln Center \nmemorial service.","In Spring 2017, Bill was a William \u0026 Mary Theatre Department artist-in residence; a William \u0026 Mary class workshop of his World War II Musical \"Swing Wings\" was performed. 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The series also includes photographs  and notebooks.","The Oversized series is comprised of a large retirment card from his time at Macy's, Parade Sheet Music, Sketch Pad, Posters and Art.","Pins and Badges contains personal pins documenting Schermerhorn's personal and professional experinces.","The Audio and Visual Material series contains tapes of Schermerhorn's productions of Macy's events in addition to video recordings of parades and CDs of productions he produced."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArtifacts and Ephemera document Schermerhorn's life in New York City, his work at Macy's and other events.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Artifacts and Ephemera document Schermerhorn's life in New York City, his work at Macy's and other events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":911,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:50:34.320Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9805_c01_c07_c159"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides","title_ssm":["Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides"],"title_tesim":["Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides"],"text":["Anti-Imperialist International Brigades (AIIB) slides","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":98,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#17","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained.","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection.","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c18"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Arizona","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Arizona","title_ssm":["Arizona"],"title_tesim":["Arizona"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arizona"],"text":["Arizona","Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":9,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:46:42.574Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2270.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Goodsell, Charles, Collection","title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1982-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1982-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1982/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"text":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Ms.2004.012","Faculty and staff","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in the following three series:","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries:","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects.","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country.","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series.","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse.","Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University.","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy.","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture; The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples; The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic; American Corporations and Peruvian Politics; and Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946 and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002.","The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy.","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas.","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. Also includes published copies of the books.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.012"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.012"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Charles Goodsell Collection was donated to the Special Collections in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/380\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/us\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/inter\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the following three series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the following three series:","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries:","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects.","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country.","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series.","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Corporations and Peruvian Politics\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAdministration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946\u003c/title\u003e and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet\u003c/title\u003e. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University.","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy.","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture; The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples; The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic; American Corporations and Peruvian Politics; and Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946 and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy.","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas.","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab1d0a6718e119f610be120ad3402424\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. Also includes published copies of the books.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. Also includes published copies of the books."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":488,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:46:42.574Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Arkansas","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Arkansas","title_ssm":["Arkansas"],"title_tesim":["Arkansas"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arkansas"],"text":["Arkansas","Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Series I: Photographs","Subseries A: United States"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":18,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:46:42.574Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2270.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Goodsell, Charles, Collection","title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1982-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1982-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1982/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"text":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001","Ms.2004.012","Faculty and staff","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in the following three series:","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries:","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects.","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country.","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series.","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse.","Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University.","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy.","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture; The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples; The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic; American Corporations and Peruvian Politics; and Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946 and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002.","The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy.","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas.","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. Also includes published copies of the books.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection, 1982/2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.012"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.012"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Charles Goodsell Collection was donated to the Special Collections in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/380\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/us\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/inter\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the following three series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the following three series:","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries:","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects.","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country.","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series.","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Corporations and Peruvian Politics\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAdministration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946\u003c/title\u003e and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet\u003c/title\u003e. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University.","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy.","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture; The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples; The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic; American Corporations and Peruvian Politics; and Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946 and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy.","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas.","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab1d0a6718e119f610be120ad3402424\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. Also includes published copies of the books.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture and The American Statehouse. Also includes published copies of the books."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":488,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:46:42.574Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c01_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA), 1980/1985","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA)","title_ssm":["Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA)"],"title_tesim":["Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA), 1980/1985"],"text":["Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA), 1980/1985","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980/1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980-1985"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":56,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"corpname_ssim":["Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak"],"names_ssim":["Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained.","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection.","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c05"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Articles","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","parent_ssim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_719"],"title_filing_ssi":"Articles","title_ssm":["Articles"],"title_tesim":["Articles"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Articles"],"text":["Articles","Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":38,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":13,"_nest_path_":"/components#20","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:30:23.622Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_719","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_719.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106848","title_ssm":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"text":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014","MSS.04.5","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/719","Memorabilia","Scrapbooks","photographs","Speeches presented by Mortimer  Caplin during his tenure as Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 1961-1964. Annotated notes, outlines, press releases, and speech transcripts. Five bound books, including an index.","Three bound volumes of photocopied articles written by Mortimer M. Caplin. Please refer to document entitled \"Selected Bibliography of Mortimer M. Caplin, Vol. I-III\" for an index of contents.","Binders and bound volumes containing, photographs, correspondence, articles, and other memorabilia associated with Mortimer M. Caplin. Includes seven-book collection covering Mr. Caplin's tenure as IRS Commissioner, 1961-1964. Also of interest is a collection of correspondence relative to Mr. Caplin's role in President Kennedy's 1960 Taxation Tax Force and appointment as IRS Commission, Nov. 1960-Jan. 1961.","Addendum (c) to the Mortimer M. Caplin collection consists of 20 binders (4 cartons, 1 archival box, 4 linear ft.) that contain drafts of texts to Mr. Caplin speeches dated 1964-1986, and 2003-2014.  It seems that the binders between 1987 and 2002 had been lost in one of Mr. Caplin's office moves.  This collection has a copy of the 1992 Report on The Future of the Arts at the University of Virginia and a framed collage that recognizes Mr. Caplin's  association and generosity to the University of Virginia Law School.\nIndexes to the each of the binders have been scanned.","There is an additional address by Mortimer M. Caplin at a Luncheon Meeting of the Corporate Counsel Institute","This collection reflects Mortimer M. Caplin's (Law 1940) life during his years as a student at the University of Virginia and as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service. It consists primarily of awards, photographs, certificates, articles, interviews, and newspaper clippings.","This first installment of the Mortimer M. Caplin Collection consists of memorabilia: three signed letters of President John F. Kennedy, photographs, certificates, resolutions, plaques.  was received by Special Collections in September 2004","(5 photos, copies of originals)","(2 photos, copies of originals)","(Copy of original)","This collection includes Mortimer Caplin's four bound volumes of his speeches (1961-1964), three bound volumes of articles written by Caplin, several scrapbooks that cover his career as IRS Commissioner, some correspondence, photographs, certificates, and several  books and bound  government documents.","Has a duplicate photograph","(3 photographs)","(2 folders)","On the Shelf","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"collection_ssim":["Mortimer M. Caplin papers and memorabilia, 1930/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.04.5","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/719"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.04.5","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/719"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Memorabilia"],"geogname_ssim":["Memorabilia"],"places_ssim":["Memorabilia"],"creator_ssm":["Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"creator_ssim":["Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service"],"creators_ssim":["Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to Special Collections by Mortimer M. Caplin in 2004, December 2013, and October 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Scrapbooks","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Scrapbooks","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Cubic Feet","5 Volumes 5 Bound Volumes of Spe","3 items","14 items","24 Cubic Feet","35 items","18 items"],"extent_tesim":["9 Cubic Feet","5 Volumes 5 Bound Volumes of Spe","3 items","14 items","24 Cubic Feet","35 items","18 items"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 Hollinger boxes including Addendum [b]","3 volumes of articles","14 scrapbooks","35 Government Documents (in bound form)","Printed Materials (in bound form)"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpeeches presented by Mortimer  Caplin during his tenure as Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 1961-1964. Annotated notes, outlines, press releases, and speech transcripts. Five bound books, including an index.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree bound volumes of photocopied articles written by Mortimer M. Caplin. Please refer to document entitled \"Selected Bibliography of Mortimer M. Caplin, Vol. I-III\" for an index of contents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBinders and bound volumes containing, photographs, correspondence, articles, and other memorabilia associated with Mortimer M. Caplin. Includes seven-book collection covering Mr. Caplin's tenure as IRS Commissioner, 1961-1964. Also of interest is a collection of correspondence relative to Mr. Caplin's role in President Kennedy's 1960 Taxation Tax Force and appointment as IRS Commission, Nov. 1960-Jan. 1961.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum (c) to the Mortimer M. Caplin collection consists of 20 binders (4 cartons, 1 archival box, 4 linear ft.) that contain drafts of texts to Mr. Caplin speeches dated 1964-1986, and 2003-2014.  It seems that the binders between 1987 and 2002 had been lost in one of Mr. Caplin's office moves.  This collection has a copy of the 1992 Report on The Future of the Arts at the University of Virginia and a framed collage that recognizes Mr. Caplin's  association and generosity to the University of Virginia Law School.\nIndexes to the each of the binders have been scanned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is an additional address by Mortimer M. Caplin at a Luncheon Meeting of the Corporate Counsel Institute\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Speeches presented by Mortimer  Caplin during his tenure as Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 1961-1964. Annotated notes, outlines, press releases, and speech transcripts. Five bound books, including an index.","Three bound volumes of photocopied articles written by Mortimer M. Caplin. Please refer to document entitled \"Selected Bibliography of Mortimer M. Caplin, Vol. I-III\" for an index of contents.","Binders and bound volumes containing, photographs, correspondence, articles, and other memorabilia associated with Mortimer M. Caplin. Includes seven-book collection covering Mr. Caplin's tenure as IRS Commissioner, 1961-1964. Also of interest is a collection of correspondence relative to Mr. Caplin's role in President Kennedy's 1960 Taxation Tax Force and appointment as IRS Commission, Nov. 1960-Jan. 1961.","Addendum (c) to the Mortimer M. Caplin collection consists of 20 binders (4 cartons, 1 archival box, 4 linear ft.) that contain drafts of texts to Mr. Caplin speeches dated 1964-1986, and 2003-2014.  It seems that the binders between 1987 and 2002 had been lost in one of Mr. Caplin's office moves.  This collection has a copy of the 1992 Report on The Future of the Arts at the University of Virginia and a framed collage that recognizes Mr. Caplin's  association and generosity to the University of Virginia Law School.\nIndexes to the each of the binders have been scanned.","There is an additional address by Mortimer M. Caplin at a Luncheon Meeting of the Corporate Counsel Institute"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection reflects Mortimer M. Caplin's (Law 1940) life during his years as a student at the University of Virginia and as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service. It consists primarily of awards, photographs, certificates, articles, interviews, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis first installment of the Mortimer M. Caplin Collection consists of memorabilia: three signed letters of President John F. Kennedy, photographs, certificates, resolutions, plaques.  was received by Special Collections in September 2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(5 photos, copies of originals)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 photos, copies of originals)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Copy of original)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes Mortimer Caplin's four bound volumes of his speeches (1961-1964), three bound volumes of articles written by Caplin, several scrapbooks that cover his career as IRS Commissioner, some correspondence, photographs, certificates, and several  books and bound  government documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas a duplicate photograph\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(3 photographs)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(2 folders)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the Shelf\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection reflects Mortimer M. Caplin's (Law 1940) life during his years as a student at the University of Virginia and as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service. It consists primarily of awards, photographs, certificates, articles, interviews, and newspaper clippings.","This first installment of the Mortimer M. Caplin Collection consists of memorabilia: three signed letters of President John F. Kennedy, photographs, certificates, resolutions, plaques.  was received by Special Collections in September 2004","(5 photos, copies of originals)","(2 photos, copies of originals)","(Copy of original)","This collection includes Mortimer Caplin's four bound volumes of his speeches (1961-1964), three bound volumes of articles written by Caplin, several scrapbooks that cover his career as IRS Commissioner, some correspondence, photographs, certificates, and several  books and bound  government documents.","Has a duplicate photograph","(3 photographs)","(2 folders)","On the Shelf"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"persname_ssim":["Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law","United States. Department of Treasury. Internal Revenue Service","Caplin, Mortimer M., 1916-2019"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":976,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:30:23.622Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_719_c21"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04","parent_ssim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016","Media, 1975/2016"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials","title_ssm":["Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials"],"title_tesim":["Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials"],"text":["Assorted unprocessed audiovisual materials","Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016","Media, 1975/2016","box 20"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016","Media, 1975/2016"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016","Media, 1975/2016"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":132,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016"],"containers_ssim":["box 20"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_404","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_404.xml","title_ssm":["Marching Royal Dukes Records"],"title_tesim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1975-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016"],"text":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016","UA 0016","/repositories/4/resources/404","Student activities","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Administrative records","Handbooks","Programs (documents)","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Slides (photographs)","Negatives (photographs)","VHS","Compact discs","Media (information storage)","DVDs","Collection is open for research. Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Media was examined and recorded on an item level. A full inventory is available here.","The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 and Series 2 are arranged alphabetically. Series 3 is organized chronologically. Series 4 is stored as received and can be digitized upon request. A full inventory for Series 4 is available upon request.","Administrative Files, 1977-2016\n      Ephemera, 1975-2016\n      Photographs, 1975-2015\n      Media, 1975-2016","\"About the Pep Band.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/pepband.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Kappa Kappa Psi.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/kappakappapsi.shtml (Accessed May 2017).","\"Marching Royal Dukes: Directors.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/directors.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Marching Royal Dukes: Our Program.\" https://www.jmu.edu/mrd/about-us.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Tau Beta Sigma.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/taubetasigma.shtml (accessed May 2017).","The Marching Royal Dukes (MRDs) are the marching band of James Madison University. The MRDs were formed in 1972 simultaneously with the JMU football program. The first director was Malcolm Harris who assembled the original band; they performed for the first time during the 1972 football season. After Harris stepped down, the band was directed by Ken Moulton and later Mike Davis. Davis stepped down as director and former MRD drum major William G. \"Bill\" Posey was hired as interim director. In 1982, John Patrick \"Pat\" Rooney took over as director and remained in the position until 2007 when Scott Rikkers became director. Bill Posey remained assistant director from 1982 until 2012 when Chad Reep took the position. Reep served as assistant director of the Marching Royal Dukes and director of the JMU Pep Band until he was replaced in 2017 by Amy Birdsong. The band staff has also been assisted since 1987 by long-time administrative assistant Connie Driscoll, a former recipient of the College of Arts and Letters Staff Award. Driscoll appears in various documents throughout the records, organizing and planning events such as the Parade of Champions, Macy's Thanksgiving Parade trips, international trips, and day-to-day activities.","The MRDs grew from early enrollment of 100 members to its peak in 2012 with 495, the largest marching band in the country at the time, university or otherwise. Over the course of its existence, the MRDs have been awarded various trophies and recognitions for competition and exhibition performances, garnering the nickname \"Virginia's Finest.\" These awards culminated in 1994 with the awarding of the Sudler Trophy, often described as the \"Heisman Trophy of marching bands.\" The MRDs act primarily as an exhibition band, focusing primarily on performances for the public, acting as headliners at events such as the Bands of America Grand National Championship and National Football Championship (NFC) title games.","The band has represented JMU on multiple domestic and international trips in its history including performances at the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade in 2001, 2008, and 2013, Virginia gubernatorial parades, the inaugural parades of Presidents Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, and have traveled to Athens, Dublin, Monaco, London, and Rome for tours and parades.","While at JMU, the MRDs make regular pre-game, half-time, and post-game performances for JMU home football games, and travel to select away games. The MRDs also host the annual Parade of Champions, a high school-level marching competition that attracts over 50 bands annually from Virginia and surrounding states. All members of the band assist in the event and perform show selections for participating bands. In addition, the MRDs host the week-long JMU Summer Band Camp for high school marchers to instruct basics, instill leadership, and perform a joint show with all participants.","The annual shows of the band typically follow a similar routine each year, usually memorizing two shows consisting of three to four pieces each. The JMU Dukettes dance team typically perform alongside the band for at least one piece. They practice five days a week for 90 minutes in addition to the week-long pre-season band camp.","In addition to football games, the JMU Pep Band acts partially as a branch of the Marching Royal Dukes and is represented at men's and women's basketball games in the late fall and early spring semesters. They perform primarily at the JMU Convocation Center and were awarded by President Carrier for their outstanding performance and energy in the 1983 basketball season. The Pep Band has also traveled with the men's and women's teams to Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) playoff tournaments. The Pep Band has been directed by Pat Rooney (1982-2007), Scott Rikkers (2007-2011), Chad Reep (2011-2017), and Amy Birdsong (2017- ).","The service fraternity and sorority of the band are Kappa Kappa Psi and Tau Beta Sigma. They provide essential assistance in day-to-day operation of the band. The founding of the JMU Tau Beta Sigma branch was sponsored primarily by Pat Rooney during his years as director.","This collection was received from donor with no discernable order, with the majority of the material loose in storage bins. The material was loosely organized by format with many instances of material mixing. The material was initially separated by format and shared content characteristics. Ephemeral material that could not be efficiently housed (plaques and awards) were scanned by Digital Collections and returned to the donor. Duplicate material and newspaper issues and clippings were separated and returned to donor. Damaged, folded, or rolled material was repaired and flattened by preservation. Photographs stored in albums were removed and foldered. A scrapbook's material was removed and stored in its original order. All material was then separated into five series and organized topically, then alphabetized.","Kappa Kappa Psi Records, 1958-2009 (bulk 1979-2009), UA 0021, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Library, Harrisonburg, VA.","The Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975-2016, consist of 26.74 cubic feet in 33 boxes and 3 flat folders. The collections consists primarily of organizational files and photographs that pertain to the JMU Marching Royal Dukes. The collection also includes assorted ephemeral material as well as an extensive library of media recorded in multiple formats.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1977-2016, represents the bulk of written material in the collection. The series consists of correspondence, handbooks, and general administrative material pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes. Also included are logistical files on various trips the Marching Royal Dukes participated in, both domestic and abroad.","Staff material represents higher-level management information that is used to operate the program from the top. Materials such as annual service reports, correspondence, drill, MRD Leadership Handbooks, press releases, and uniform orders represent such information. Such material represents accurately what information was to be conveyed and taught to student members and how the process operated on a yearly basis. These materials show how the MRDs operated from an instructor's position and how the program responded to internal and external influences in its management and teaching style. Examples of interesting staff material include letters from Congressman Bob Goodlatte and various other political representatives, and hand-drawn ideas for new MRD uniforms in the uniform orders material.","Membership material is represented in the series by folders such as the MRD Handbooks, Pre-Season Mailings, Music and Scores, and Band Banquet programs. These materials indicate important general information for the student members of the MRDs such as behavior policy, professional expectations, the learning process, and instrumentation section-related material such as music and section policies. \nExamples of interesting membership material includes: evolving complexity and integration of technological requirements such as the smart phone app DrillBook Next shown in the pre-season mailings, Band Banquet programs recognizing upper-classman membership in the band, and full instrumentation scores of traditional MRD pieces such as the JMU Fight Song, Get It On, Salvation is Created, the JMU Alma Mater, and Start Wearing Purple.","A bulk of the Administrative Files is made up by travel-related files. These files show the logistical planning and organizing that were needed to facilitate the MRD's travel needs. The travel files include itineraries, travel rosters, agreement forms, maps, brochures, trip-specific correspondence, and logistical material for the organization of such events. The folders that contain these are marked as Trip Files and include the travel to locations and venues, both domestic and abroad, such as Athens, Dublin, Macy's Thanksgiving Parades, Monaco, London, Governor's Inaugurations, and the Presidential Inaugurations of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush.","Series 2: Ephemera, 1975-2016, consists of general ephemeral material relating to the Marching Royal Dukes and its members and staff. The bulk of the series is made up of programs and articles pertaining to former director of the MRDs, Pat Rooney. The programs come from clinics and honor bands which Rooney led, spoke, or taught at. Such clinics and honor bands include, The All American Marching Band, Pennsylvania Music Educators Association (PMEA), Virginia Band and Orchestra Directors Association (VBODA), Nebraska Honor Band, and various state and area bands from across the nation.","There also includes a general Assorted Ephemera folder which includes several items of interest from or relating to the MRDs and the JMU music department. These items include issues of the Music Rhapsody (an internal JMU music department newsletter), programs from various performances of the MRDs and other ensembles such as the JMU Concert Band and Wind Symphony, awards given to the MRDs and JMU Pep Band, a mockup of the MRD European Tour CD cover, concert posters, and a bumper sticker bearing former assistant director Chad Reep's name sold by MRD members.","Event buttons and pins are stored in a folder which consists of four commemorative pins for events in which the MRDs participated. These commemorate participation in the 1994 Sudler Trophy Award Ceremony, the Monaco 1998 New Year's Celebration, and the 82nd and 87th Macy's Thanksgiving Parades.","Included in the series is a folder of material removed from a scrapbook commemorating the awarding of the Sudler Trophy to the MRDs in 1994. The material remains in its original order. The material included consists of photographs, news articles, quotes, certificates, event scripts, programs, press releases, and correspondence directly related to or referring to the awarding of the Sudler Trophy. An item of note is a correspondence from the White House regarding an invitation to President Clinton to the Sudler Trophy Ceremony.","Stored in a letter-sized half Hollinger box is apparel. The apparel is made up of three articles of clothing: one hat and two T-shirts. The hat commemorates participation in the 1997 Presidential Inauguration of Bill Clinton which the MRDs participated in. One t-shirt is a black band membership shirt dated 2012 with the MRD logo on the front left breast and the quote \"Virginia's Finest\" on the back. The second t-shirt is a purple student leadership shirt dated 2013 featuring the MRD logo on the front left breast and the word \"Staff\" on the back.","Some ephemeral material has been documented digitally due to storage concerns and returned to the donor. This material primarily consisted of plaques and various decorative awards given the MRDs and JMU Pep Band through their history. Digital surrogates can be made available upon request.","Series 3: Photographs, 1975-2016, consists of photographic material of or relating to the Marching Royal Dukes, its members, and administrative team. The photographs document performances, practices, and out-of-class experiences of MRD members. The bulk of the photographs primarily document the Pat Rooney years of the band, 1982-2007. There is, however, a folder documenting a small amount of pre-1982 material and folders lightly documenting post-2007. Also included in the series are four folders of loose negatives that were unpaired with developed photographs during processing dating 1980-1999 and undated. There also exists in the series a group of four folders of photographic slides dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated.","The majority of the images represent the band during pre-season band camp, performances, and practice sessions, both candid and posed. Several folders have full-field photographs of drill formations and practice blocks. An example of nearly set-by-set drill photographs is housed in the 1992 folders in the form of proofs by Jolesch Photography when the MRDs performed at an Indianapolis Colts game in the RCA Dome.","There are instances of instrumentation section photographs representing the flute/piccolo, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet, tuba, trombone, baritone, mellophone, and percussion sections as well as the JMU Dukettes, Color Guard, and Drum Majors. While there are scattered examples of such group photographs throughout the series, the most complete and comprehensive selection of section photographs is stored in the 1990 and 1992 folders. Such photographs represent the individual members, often in uniform. Because of this, the series well-documents changes in membership numbers, uniform styles, and instrumentation over time.","MRD trips and events such as the Bands of Americas Grand National Championship (1988), the Sudler Award (1994), Monaco (1997/1998), Rome (2014), Macy's Parades (2001, 2008, and 2013), Dublin (2004), and the annual Parade of Champions are documented in dated and undated folders. The event photographs include in the undated section are Parade of Champions photographs or performances in unconfirmed locations and/or times not in normal MRD venues of performance.","Another well-documented subject in the series is the JMU Summer Band Camp, an annual summer event in which MRD members volunteered to instruct various marching methods and procedures to high school students. This event was thoroughly photographed in 1986, 1987, and 1988 consisting of hundreds of photographs.","The Undated folders represent 22 folders and roughly half of material of the series. These photographs have been arranged in folders by physical size for ease of access and visibility. The content of the images ranges from performance, candid practice, and out-of-class candid. Performance and practice photographs represent drill formations and members learning new material on the field, representing the program in a professional setting. The candid photographs are more casual and represent individuals more accurately. Some examples of candid photographs include photographs of staff members such as Pat Rooney running rehearsal or speaking to members, Halloween practices in which band members are dressed in costume, and Tau Beta Sigma and Kappa Kappa Psi brothers and sisters relaxing at group events or performing services for the band.","The Slides group of folders within the series shows field photographs of drill formations as well as candid photographs dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated.","Each folder of photographic slides houses the slides in their original packaging for ease of storage.","Oversize photographs have been moved to the Oversize series for storage purposes. The majority of these photographs are stored in Map Case 1:2. These photographs include images of Macy's Parade 2001, assorted formations, and Walt Disney All American Marching Band group photographs.","All photographs with confirmed paired negatives are stored in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.","Series 4: Media, 1975-2016, consists of 566 pieces of recorded or saved media ranging from LP Records, 3mm tape reel recordings, camcorder tapes, VHS, CD, and DVD from 41 years of the group's existence. The content of the media is primarily audio-video recordings of the Marching Royal Dukes in performance at football games and competitions or professional audio recordings. Also included in the media are recorded performances by the JMU Pep Band, JMU Wind Symphony, and JMU Concert Band. A small portion of the media are administrative files stored on DVD-ROM ranging from 2014-2016. The MRD Official CDs, LPs, and Cassette recordings are also stored with media, ranging from 1983-2011.","This series remains in process. Individual items may be digitized upon request. A complete inventory and detailed descriptions of individual materials is available here.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Marching Royal Dukes Records contain the organizational files pertaining to the operation of the JMU marching band from 1975-2016. In addition to these files, the records include ephemera, photographs, and audio-video recordings of and pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0016","/repositories/4/resources/404"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0016","/repositories/4/resources/404"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred to Special Collections by Scott Rikkers, the director of the Marching Royal Dukes, in February 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Student activities","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Administrative records","Handbooks","Programs (documents)","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Slides (photographs)","Negatives (photographs)","VHS","Compact discs","Media (information storage)","DVDs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Student activities","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Administrative records","Handbooks","Programs (documents)","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Slides (photographs)","Negatives (photographs)","VHS","Compact discs","Media (information storage)","DVDs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26.74 cubic feet 33 boxes, 3 flat folders"],"extent_tesim":["26.74 cubic feet 33 boxes, 3 flat folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Administrative records","Handbooks","Programs (documents)","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Slides (photographs)","Negatives (photographs)","VHS","Compact discs","Media (information storage)","DVDs"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Media was examined and recorded on an item level. A full inventory is available \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/manuscripts/UA0016_MRD_Media_Inventory.pdf\"\u003ehere\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Most of the audiovisual components in this collection are not immediately accessible because they require further processing before use. Unless otherwise noted, staff need to reformat for access copies of the media. Media was examined and recorded on an item level. A full inventory is available here."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 and Series 2 are arranged alphabetically. Series 3 is organized chronologically. Series 4 is stored as received and can be digitized upon request. A full inventory for Series 4 is available upon request.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative Files, 1977-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1975-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1975-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMedia, 1975-2016\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in four series. Series 1 and Series 2 are arranged alphabetically. Series 3 is organized chronologically. Series 4 is stored as received and can be digitized upon request. A full inventory for Series 4 is available upon request.","Administrative Files, 1977-2016\n      Ephemera, 1975-2016\n      Photographs, 1975-2015\n      Media, 1975-2016"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"About the Pep Band.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/pepband.shtml (accessed May 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Kappa Kappa Psi.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/kappakappapsi.shtml (Accessed May 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Marching Royal Dukes: Directors.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/directors.shtml (accessed May 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Marching Royal Dukes: Our Program.\" https://www.jmu.edu/mrd/about-us.shtml (accessed May 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"Tau Beta Sigma.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/taubetasigma.shtml (accessed May 2017).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"About the Pep Band.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/pepband.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Kappa Kappa Psi.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/kappakappapsi.shtml (Accessed May 2017).","\"Marching Royal Dukes: Directors.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/directors.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Marching Royal Dukes: Our Program.\" https://www.jmu.edu/mrd/about-us.shtml (accessed May 2017).","\"Tau Beta Sigma.\" http://www.jmu.edu/mrd/taubetasigma.shtml (accessed May 2017)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Marching Royal Dukes (MRDs) are the marching band of James Madison University. The MRDs were formed in 1972 simultaneously with the JMU football program. The first director was Malcolm Harris who assembled the original band; they performed for the first time during the 1972 football season. After Harris stepped down, the band was directed by Ken Moulton and later Mike Davis. Davis stepped down as director and former MRD drum major William G. \"Bill\" Posey was hired as interim director. In 1982, John Patrick \"Pat\" Rooney took over as director and remained in the position until 2007 when Scott Rikkers became director. Bill Posey remained assistant director from 1982 until 2012 when Chad Reep took the position. Reep served as assistant director of the Marching Royal Dukes and director of the JMU Pep Band until he was replaced in 2017 by Amy Birdsong. The band staff has also been assisted since 1987 by long-time administrative assistant Connie Driscoll, a former recipient of the College of Arts and Letters Staff Award. Driscoll appears in various documents throughout the records, organizing and planning events such as the Parade of Champions, Macy's Thanksgiving Parade trips, international trips, and day-to-day activities.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe MRDs grew from early enrollment of 100 members to its peak in 2012 with 495, the largest marching band in the country at the time, university or otherwise. Over the course of its existence, the MRDs have been awarded various trophies and recognitions for competition and exhibition performances, garnering the nickname \"Virginia's Finest.\" These awards culminated in 1994 with the awarding of the Sudler Trophy, often described as the \"Heisman Trophy of marching bands.\" The MRDs act primarily as an exhibition band, focusing primarily on performances for the public, acting as headliners at events such as the Bands of America Grand National Championship and National Football Championship (NFC) title games.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe band has represented JMU on multiple domestic and international trips in its history including performances at the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade in 2001, 2008, and 2013, Virginia gubernatorial parades, the inaugural parades of Presidents Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, and have traveled to Athens, Dublin, Monaco, London, and Rome for tours and parades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile at JMU, the MRDs make regular pre-game, half-time, and post-game performances for JMU home football games, and travel to select away games. The MRDs also host the annual Parade of Champions, a high school-level marching competition that attracts over 50 bands annually from Virginia and surrounding states. All members of the band assist in the event and perform show selections for participating bands. In addition, the MRDs host the week-long JMU Summer Band Camp for high school marchers to instruct basics, instill leadership, and perform a joint show with all participants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe annual shows of the band typically follow a similar routine each year, usually memorizing two shows consisting of three to four pieces each. The JMU Dukettes dance team typically perform alongside the band for at least one piece. They practice five days a week for 90 minutes in addition to the week-long pre-season band camp.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to football games, the JMU Pep Band acts partially as a branch of the Marching Royal Dukes and is represented at men's and women's basketball games in the late fall and early spring semesters. They perform primarily at the JMU Convocation Center and were awarded by President Carrier for their outstanding performance and energy in the 1983 basketball season. The Pep Band has also traveled with the men's and women's teams to Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) playoff tournaments. The Pep Band has been directed by Pat Rooney (1982-2007), Scott Rikkers (2007-2011), Chad Reep (2011-2017), and Amy Birdsong (2017- ). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe service fraternity and sorority of the band are Kappa Kappa Psi and Tau Beta Sigma. They provide essential assistance in day-to-day operation of the band. The founding of the JMU Tau Beta Sigma branch was sponsored primarily by Pat Rooney during his years as director. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Marching Royal Dukes (MRDs) are the marching band of James Madison University. The MRDs were formed in 1972 simultaneously with the JMU football program. The first director was Malcolm Harris who assembled the original band; they performed for the first time during the 1972 football season. After Harris stepped down, the band was directed by Ken Moulton and later Mike Davis. Davis stepped down as director and former MRD drum major William G. \"Bill\" Posey was hired as interim director. In 1982, John Patrick \"Pat\" Rooney took over as director and remained in the position until 2007 when Scott Rikkers became director. Bill Posey remained assistant director from 1982 until 2012 when Chad Reep took the position. Reep served as assistant director of the Marching Royal Dukes and director of the JMU Pep Band until he was replaced in 2017 by Amy Birdsong. The band staff has also been assisted since 1987 by long-time administrative assistant Connie Driscoll, a former recipient of the College of Arts and Letters Staff Award. Driscoll appears in various documents throughout the records, organizing and planning events such as the Parade of Champions, Macy's Thanksgiving Parade trips, international trips, and day-to-day activities.","The MRDs grew from early enrollment of 100 members to its peak in 2012 with 495, the largest marching band in the country at the time, university or otherwise. Over the course of its existence, the MRDs have been awarded various trophies and recognitions for competition and exhibition performances, garnering the nickname \"Virginia's Finest.\" These awards culminated in 1994 with the awarding of the Sudler Trophy, often described as the \"Heisman Trophy of marching bands.\" The MRDs act primarily as an exhibition band, focusing primarily on performances for the public, acting as headliners at events such as the Bands of America Grand National Championship and National Football Championship (NFC) title games.","The band has represented JMU on multiple domestic and international trips in its history including performances at the Macy's Thanksgiving Parade in 2001, 2008, and 2013, Virginia gubernatorial parades, the inaugural parades of Presidents Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush, and have traveled to Athens, Dublin, Monaco, London, and Rome for tours and parades.","While at JMU, the MRDs make regular pre-game, half-time, and post-game performances for JMU home football games, and travel to select away games. The MRDs also host the annual Parade of Champions, a high school-level marching competition that attracts over 50 bands annually from Virginia and surrounding states. All members of the band assist in the event and perform show selections for participating bands. In addition, the MRDs host the week-long JMU Summer Band Camp for high school marchers to instruct basics, instill leadership, and perform a joint show with all participants.","The annual shows of the band typically follow a similar routine each year, usually memorizing two shows consisting of three to four pieces each. The JMU Dukettes dance team typically perform alongside the band for at least one piece. They practice five days a week for 90 minutes in addition to the week-long pre-season band camp.","In addition to football games, the JMU Pep Band acts partially as a branch of the Marching Royal Dukes and is represented at men's and women's basketball games in the late fall and early spring semesters. They perform primarily at the JMU Convocation Center and were awarded by President Carrier for their outstanding performance and energy in the 1983 basketball season. The Pep Band has also traveled with the men's and women's teams to Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) and National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) playoff tournaments. The Pep Band has been directed by Pat Rooney (1982-2007), Scott Rikkers (2007-2011), Chad Reep (2011-2017), and Amy Birdsong (2017- ).","The service fraternity and sorority of the band are Kappa Kappa Psi and Tau Beta Sigma. They provide essential assistance in day-to-day operation of the band. The founding of the JMU Tau Beta Sigma branch was sponsored primarily by Pat Rooney during his years as director."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975-2016, UA 0016, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975-2016, UA 0016, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was received from donor with no discernable order, with the majority of the material loose in storage bins. The material was loosely organized by format with many instances of material mixing. The material was initially separated by format and shared content characteristics. Ephemeral material that could not be efficiently housed (plaques and awards) were scanned by Digital Collections and returned to the donor. Duplicate material and newspaper issues and clippings were separated and returned to donor. Damaged, folded, or rolled material was repaired and flattened by preservation. Photographs stored in albums were removed and foldered. A scrapbook's material was removed and stored in its original order. All material was then separated into five series and organized topically, then alphabetized.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was received from donor with no discernable order, with the majority of the material loose in storage bins. The material was loosely organized by format with many instances of material mixing. The material was initially separated by format and shared content characteristics. Ephemeral material that could not be efficiently housed (plaques and awards) were scanned by Digital Collections and returned to the donor. Duplicate material and newspaper issues and clippings were separated and returned to donor. Damaged, folded, or rolled material was repaired and flattened by preservation. Photographs stored in albums were removed and foldered. A scrapbook's material was removed and stored in its original order. All material was then separated into five series and organized topically, then alphabetized."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/manuscripts/UA0021KappaKappaPsi.aspx\"\u003eKappa Kappa Psi Records, 1958-2009 (bulk 1979-2009), UA 0021, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Library, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Kappa Kappa Psi Records, 1958-2009 (bulk 1979-2009), UA 0021, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University Library, Harrisonburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975-2016, consist of 26.74 cubic feet in 33 boxes and 3 flat folders. The collections consists primarily of organizational files and photographs that pertain to the JMU Marching Royal Dukes. The collection also includes assorted ephemeral material as well as an extensive library of media recorded in multiple formats.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative Files, 1977-2016, represents the bulk of written material in the collection. The series consists of correspondence, handbooks, and general administrative material pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes. Also included are logistical files on various trips the Marching Royal Dukes participated in, both domestic and abroad. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStaff material represents higher-level management information that is used to operate the program from the top. Materials such as annual service reports, correspondence, drill, MRD Leadership Handbooks, press releases, and uniform orders represent such information. Such material represents accurately what information was to be conveyed and taught to student members and how the process operated on a yearly basis. These materials show how the MRDs operated from an instructor's position and how the program responded to internal and external influences in its management and teaching style. Examples of interesting staff material include letters from Congressman Bob Goodlatte and various other political representatives, and hand-drawn ideas for new MRD uniforms in the uniform orders material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembership material is represented in the series by folders such as the MRD Handbooks, Pre-Season Mailings, Music and Scores, and Band Banquet programs. These materials indicate important general information for the student members of the MRDs such as behavior policy, professional expectations, the learning process, and instrumentation section-related material such as music and section policies. \nExamples of interesting membership material includes: evolving complexity and integration of technological requirements such as the smart phone app DrillBook Next shown in the pre-season mailings, Band Banquet programs recognizing upper-classman membership in the band, and full instrumentation scores of traditional MRD pieces such as the JMU Fight Song, Get It On, Salvation is Created, the JMU Alma Mater, and Start Wearing Purple. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA bulk of the Administrative Files is made up by travel-related files. These files show the logistical planning and organizing that were needed to facilitate the MRD's travel needs. The travel files include itineraries, travel rosters, agreement forms, maps, brochures, trip-specific correspondence, and logistical material for the organization of such events. The folders that contain these are marked as Trip Files and include the travel to locations and venues, both domestic and abroad, such as Athens, Dublin, Macy's Thanksgiving Parades, Monaco, London, Governor's Inaugurations, and the Presidential Inaugurations of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Ephemera, 1975-2016, consists of general ephemeral material relating to the Marching Royal Dukes and its members and staff. The bulk of the series is made up of programs and articles pertaining to former director of the MRDs, Pat Rooney. The programs come from clinics and honor bands which Rooney led, spoke, or taught at. Such clinics and honor bands include, The All American Marching Band, Pennsylvania Music Educators Association (PMEA), Virginia Band and Orchestra Directors Association (VBODA), Nebraska Honor Band, and various state and area bands from across the nation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere also includes a general Assorted Ephemera folder which includes several items of interest from or relating to the MRDs and the JMU music department. These items include issues of the Music Rhapsody (an internal JMU music department newsletter), programs from various performances of the MRDs and other ensembles such as the JMU Concert Band and Wind Symphony, awards given to the MRDs and JMU Pep Band, a mockup of the MRD European Tour CD cover, concert posters, and a bumper sticker bearing former assistant director Chad Reep's name sold by MRD members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEvent buttons and pins are stored in a folder which consists of four commemorative pins for events in which the MRDs participated. These commemorate participation in the 1994 Sudler Trophy Award Ceremony, the Monaco 1998 New Year's Celebration, and the 82nd and 87th Macy's Thanksgiving Parades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in the series is a folder of material removed from a scrapbook commemorating the awarding of the Sudler Trophy to the MRDs in 1994. The material remains in its original order. The material included consists of photographs, news articles, quotes, certificates, event scripts, programs, press releases, and correspondence directly related to or referring to the awarding of the Sudler Trophy. An item of note is a correspondence from the White House regarding an invitation to President Clinton to the Sudler Trophy Ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStored in a letter-sized half Hollinger box is apparel. The apparel is made up of three articles of clothing: one hat and two T-shirts. The hat commemorates participation in the 1997 Presidential Inauguration of Bill Clinton which the MRDs participated in. One t-shirt is a black band membership shirt dated 2012 with the MRD logo on the front left breast and the quote \"Virginia's Finest\" on the back. The second t-shirt is a purple student leadership shirt dated 2013 featuring the MRD logo on the front left breast and the word \"Staff\" on the back. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome ephemeral material has been documented digitally due to storage concerns and returned to the donor. This material primarily consisted of plaques and various decorative awards given the MRDs and JMU Pep Band through their history. Digital surrogates can be made available upon request. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1975-2016, consists of photographic material of or relating to the Marching Royal Dukes, its members, and administrative team. The photographs document performances, practices, and out-of-class experiences of MRD members. The bulk of the photographs primarily document the Pat Rooney years of the band, 1982-2007. There is, however, a folder documenting a small amount of pre-1982 material and folders lightly documenting post-2007. Also included in the series are four folders of loose negatives that were unpaired with developed photographs during processing dating 1980-1999 and undated. There also exists in the series a group of four folders of photographic slides dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the images represent the band during pre-season band camp, performances, and practice sessions, both candid and posed. Several folders have full-field photographs of drill formations and practice blocks. An example of nearly set-by-set drill photographs is housed in the 1992 folders in the form of proofs by Jolesch Photography when the MRDs performed at an Indianapolis Colts game in the RCA Dome. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are instances of instrumentation section photographs representing the flute/piccolo, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet, tuba, trombone, baritone, mellophone, and percussion sections as well as the JMU Dukettes, Color Guard, and Drum Majors. While there are scattered examples of such group photographs throughout the series, the most complete and comprehensive selection of section photographs is stored in the 1990 and 1992 folders. Such photographs represent the individual members, often in uniform. Because of this, the series well-documents changes in membership numbers, uniform styles, and instrumentation over time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMRD trips and events such as the Bands of Americas Grand National Championship (1988), the Sudler Award (1994), Monaco (1997/1998), Rome (2014), Macy's Parades (2001, 2008, and 2013), Dublin (2004), and the annual Parade of Champions are documented in dated and undated folders. The event photographs include in the undated section are Parade of Champions photographs or performances in unconfirmed locations and/or times not in normal MRD venues of performance. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnother well-documented subject in the series is the JMU Summer Band Camp, an annual summer event in which MRD members volunteered to instruct various marching methods and procedures to high school students. This event was thoroughly photographed in 1986, 1987, and 1988 consisting of hundreds of photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Undated folders represent 22 folders and roughly half of material of the series. These photographs have been arranged in folders by physical size for ease of access and visibility. The content of the images ranges from performance, candid practice, and out-of-class candid. Performance and practice photographs represent drill formations and members learning new material on the field, representing the program in a professional setting. The candid photographs are more casual and represent individuals more accurately. Some examples of candid photographs include photographs of staff members such as Pat Rooney running rehearsal or speaking to members, Halloween practices in which band members are dressed in costume, and Tau Beta Sigma and Kappa Kappa Psi brothers and sisters relaxing at group events or performing services for the band.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Slides group of folders within the series shows field photographs of drill formations as well as candid photographs dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach folder of photographic slides houses the slides in their original packaging for ease of storage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversize photographs have been moved to the Oversize series for storage purposes. The majority of these photographs are stored in Map Case 1:2. These photographs include images of Macy's Parade 2001, assorted formations, and Walt Disney All American Marching Band group photographs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll photographs with confirmed paired negatives are stored in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Media, 1975-2016, consists of 566 pieces of recorded or saved media ranging from LP Records, 3mm tape reel recordings, camcorder tapes, VHS, CD, and DVD from 41 years of the group's existence. The content of the media is primarily audio-video recordings of the Marching Royal Dukes in performance at football games and competitions or professional audio recordings. Also included in the media are recorded performances by the JMU Pep Band, JMU Wind Symphony, and JMU Concert Band. A small portion of the media are administrative files stored on DVD-ROM ranging from 2014-2016. The MRD Official CDs, LPs, and Cassette recordings are also stored with media, ranging from 1983-2011.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series remains in process. Individual items may be digitized upon request. A complete inventory and detailed descriptions of individual materials is available \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.lib.jmu.edu/special/manuscripts/UA0016_MRD_Media_Inventory.pdf\"\u003ehere\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Marching Royal Dukes Records, 1975-2016, consist of 26.74 cubic feet in 33 boxes and 3 flat folders. The collections consists primarily of organizational files and photographs that pertain to the JMU Marching Royal Dukes. The collection also includes assorted ephemeral material as well as an extensive library of media recorded in multiple formats.","Series 1: Administrative Files, 1977-2016, represents the bulk of written material in the collection. The series consists of correspondence, handbooks, and general administrative material pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes. Also included are logistical files on various trips the Marching Royal Dukes participated in, both domestic and abroad.","Staff material represents higher-level management information that is used to operate the program from the top. Materials such as annual service reports, correspondence, drill, MRD Leadership Handbooks, press releases, and uniform orders represent such information. Such material represents accurately what information was to be conveyed and taught to student members and how the process operated on a yearly basis. These materials show how the MRDs operated from an instructor's position and how the program responded to internal and external influences in its management and teaching style. Examples of interesting staff material include letters from Congressman Bob Goodlatte and various other political representatives, and hand-drawn ideas for new MRD uniforms in the uniform orders material.","Membership material is represented in the series by folders such as the MRD Handbooks, Pre-Season Mailings, Music and Scores, and Band Banquet programs. These materials indicate important general information for the student members of the MRDs such as behavior policy, professional expectations, the learning process, and instrumentation section-related material such as music and section policies. \nExamples of interesting membership material includes: evolving complexity and integration of technological requirements such as the smart phone app DrillBook Next shown in the pre-season mailings, Band Banquet programs recognizing upper-classman membership in the band, and full instrumentation scores of traditional MRD pieces such as the JMU Fight Song, Get It On, Salvation is Created, the JMU Alma Mater, and Start Wearing Purple.","A bulk of the Administrative Files is made up by travel-related files. These files show the logistical planning and organizing that were needed to facilitate the MRD's travel needs. The travel files include itineraries, travel rosters, agreement forms, maps, brochures, trip-specific correspondence, and logistical material for the organization of such events. The folders that contain these are marked as Trip Files and include the travel to locations and venues, both domestic and abroad, such as Athens, Dublin, Macy's Thanksgiving Parades, Monaco, London, Governor's Inaugurations, and the Presidential Inaugurations of Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush.","Series 2: Ephemera, 1975-2016, consists of general ephemeral material relating to the Marching Royal Dukes and its members and staff. The bulk of the series is made up of programs and articles pertaining to former director of the MRDs, Pat Rooney. The programs come from clinics and honor bands which Rooney led, spoke, or taught at. Such clinics and honor bands include, The All American Marching Band, Pennsylvania Music Educators Association (PMEA), Virginia Band and Orchestra Directors Association (VBODA), Nebraska Honor Band, and various state and area bands from across the nation.","There also includes a general Assorted Ephemera folder which includes several items of interest from or relating to the MRDs and the JMU music department. These items include issues of the Music Rhapsody (an internal JMU music department newsletter), programs from various performances of the MRDs and other ensembles such as the JMU Concert Band and Wind Symphony, awards given to the MRDs and JMU Pep Band, a mockup of the MRD European Tour CD cover, concert posters, and a bumper sticker bearing former assistant director Chad Reep's name sold by MRD members.","Event buttons and pins are stored in a folder which consists of four commemorative pins for events in which the MRDs participated. These commemorate participation in the 1994 Sudler Trophy Award Ceremony, the Monaco 1998 New Year's Celebration, and the 82nd and 87th Macy's Thanksgiving Parades.","Included in the series is a folder of material removed from a scrapbook commemorating the awarding of the Sudler Trophy to the MRDs in 1994. The material remains in its original order. The material included consists of photographs, news articles, quotes, certificates, event scripts, programs, press releases, and correspondence directly related to or referring to the awarding of the Sudler Trophy. An item of note is a correspondence from the White House regarding an invitation to President Clinton to the Sudler Trophy Ceremony.","Stored in a letter-sized half Hollinger box is apparel. The apparel is made up of three articles of clothing: one hat and two T-shirts. The hat commemorates participation in the 1997 Presidential Inauguration of Bill Clinton which the MRDs participated in. One t-shirt is a black band membership shirt dated 2012 with the MRD logo on the front left breast and the quote \"Virginia's Finest\" on the back. The second t-shirt is a purple student leadership shirt dated 2013 featuring the MRD logo on the front left breast and the word \"Staff\" on the back.","Some ephemeral material has been documented digitally due to storage concerns and returned to the donor. This material primarily consisted of plaques and various decorative awards given the MRDs and JMU Pep Band through their history. Digital surrogates can be made available upon request.","Series 3: Photographs, 1975-2016, consists of photographic material of or relating to the Marching Royal Dukes, its members, and administrative team. The photographs document performances, practices, and out-of-class experiences of MRD members. The bulk of the photographs primarily document the Pat Rooney years of the band, 1982-2007. There is, however, a folder documenting a small amount of pre-1982 material and folders lightly documenting post-2007. Also included in the series are four folders of loose negatives that were unpaired with developed photographs during processing dating 1980-1999 and undated. There also exists in the series a group of four folders of photographic slides dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated.","The majority of the images represent the band during pre-season band camp, performances, and practice sessions, both candid and posed. Several folders have full-field photographs of drill formations and practice blocks. An example of nearly set-by-set drill photographs is housed in the 1992 folders in the form of proofs by Jolesch Photography when the MRDs performed at an Indianapolis Colts game in the RCA Dome.","There are instances of instrumentation section photographs representing the flute/piccolo, clarinet, saxophone, trumpet, tuba, trombone, baritone, mellophone, and percussion sections as well as the JMU Dukettes, Color Guard, and Drum Majors. While there are scattered examples of such group photographs throughout the series, the most complete and comprehensive selection of section photographs is stored in the 1990 and 1992 folders. Such photographs represent the individual members, often in uniform. Because of this, the series well-documents changes in membership numbers, uniform styles, and instrumentation over time.","MRD trips and events such as the Bands of Americas Grand National Championship (1988), the Sudler Award (1994), Monaco (1997/1998), Rome (2014), Macy's Parades (2001, 2008, and 2013), Dublin (2004), and the annual Parade of Champions are documented in dated and undated folders. The event photographs include in the undated section are Parade of Champions photographs or performances in unconfirmed locations and/or times not in normal MRD venues of performance.","Another well-documented subject in the series is the JMU Summer Band Camp, an annual summer event in which MRD members volunteered to instruct various marching methods and procedures to high school students. This event was thoroughly photographed in 1986, 1987, and 1988 consisting of hundreds of photographs.","The Undated folders represent 22 folders and roughly half of material of the series. These photographs have been arranged in folders by physical size for ease of access and visibility. The content of the images ranges from performance, candid practice, and out-of-class candid. Performance and practice photographs represent drill formations and members learning new material on the field, representing the program in a professional setting. The candid photographs are more casual and represent individuals more accurately. Some examples of candid photographs include photographs of staff members such as Pat Rooney running rehearsal or speaking to members, Halloween practices in which band members are dressed in costume, and Tau Beta Sigma and Kappa Kappa Psi brothers and sisters relaxing at group events or performing services for the band.","The Slides group of folders within the series shows field photographs of drill formations as well as candid photographs dating 1981, 1985, 1987, and undated.","Each folder of photographic slides houses the slides in their original packaging for ease of storage.","Oversize photographs have been moved to the Oversize series for storage purposes. The majority of these photographs are stored in Map Case 1:2. These photographs include images of Macy's Parade 2001, assorted formations, and Walt Disney All American Marching Band group photographs.","All photographs with confirmed paired negatives are stored in their original envelopes for organizational purposes.","Series 4: Media, 1975-2016, consists of 566 pieces of recorded or saved media ranging from LP Records, 3mm tape reel recordings, camcorder tapes, VHS, CD, and DVD from 41 years of the group's existence. The content of the media is primarily audio-video recordings of the Marching Royal Dukes in performance at football games and competitions or professional audio recordings. Also included in the media are recorded performances by the JMU Pep Band, JMU Wind Symphony, and JMU Concert Band. A small portion of the media are administrative files stored on DVD-ROM ranging from 2014-2016. The MRD Official CDs, LPs, and Cassette recordings are also stored with media, ranging from 1983-2011.","This series remains in process. Individual items may be digitized upon request. A complete inventory and detailed descriptions of individual materials is available here."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b2305911d68f6f8c2c4b5e2d0672a7dd\"\u003eThe Marching Royal Dukes Records contain the organizational files pertaining to the operation of the JMU marching band from 1975-2016. In addition to these files, the records include ephemera, photographs, and audio-video recordings of and pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Marching Royal Dukes Records contain the organizational files pertaining to the operation of the JMU marching band from 1975-2016. In addition to these files, the records include ephemera, photographs, and audio-video recordings of and pertaining to the Marching Royal Dukes."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Marching Royal Dukes","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":144,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_404_c04_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":15},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":142},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":118},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Randolph-Macon College","value":"Randolph-Macon College","hits":34},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Randolph-Macon+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Mary Washington","value":"University of Mary Washington","hits":15},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Mary+Washington"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","value":"University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept.","hits":86},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia%2C+Special+Collections+Dept."}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","value":"Virginia Military Institute Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Military+Institute+Archives"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":584},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A.S. Hammack papers, 1864/1954","value":"A.S. 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