{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=2","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=1","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=3","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-group\u0026facet.page=5\u0026page=104"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":104,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":1036,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"2017","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04","ref_ssm":["vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04"],"id":"vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05903","_root_":"vi_vi05903","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05903_c05_c63","parent_ssi":"vi_vi05903_c05_c63","parent_ssim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)","V. Correspondence and Subject Files, \n 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).","Litigation"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi05903","vi_vi05903_c05","vi_vi05903_c05_c63"],"title_filing_ssi":"2017","title_ssm":["2017"],"title_tesim":["2017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2017"],"text":["2017","Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)","V. Correspondence and Subject Files, \n 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).","Litigation"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)","V. Correspondence and Subject Files, \n 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).","Litigation"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)","V. Correspondence and Subject Files, \n 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).","Litigation"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":242,"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":7,"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#62/components#3","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:43:17.788Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi05903","ead_ssi":"vi_vi05903","_root_":"vi_vi05903","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi05903","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi05903.xml","title_ssm":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"title_tesim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"text":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)","52176","20.71 cu. ft. (36 boxes)","Collection is open to research.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","I. Clemency Files, 2010-2017;\nII. Judicial Appointments, 2014-2017 (bulk 2015);\nIII. Regulatory Decisions, 2014-2018;\nIV. Executive Orders and Directives, 2001; 2010-2018;\nV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).","The Executive Office is a division of the Office of the Governor in the Executive Branch of Virginia state government. Members of the Executive Office include the Governor, Chief of Staff, Counsel to the Governor and their assistants. On 6 January 2014, Governor-elect Terry McAuliffe appointed Carlos Hopkins as counselor to the governor. In this Cabinet-level position, Hopkins advised the Governor on the impact current federal and state law may have on the Governor's policy proposals.  He also provided advice on executive orders, state contracts, extraditions and pardons, administrative regulations, and other executive branch matters.","On 1 August 2017, Governor McAuliffe appointed Hopkins as Secretary of Veterans and Defense Affairs effective 1 September.","Prior to assuming his position as Counsel to the Governor, Hopkins was a Deputy City Attorney for the City of Richmond, focusing on tax assessment and eminent domain litigation as well as public safety. He was instrumental in bringing together members of the administration and Council staff to address the issues surrounding the reclamation of derelict properties in the City.","Between 1997 and 2005, Hopkins served seven years as a prosecutor in the City of Richmond where, as a Deputy Commonwealth's Attorney he supervised the office's narcotics and Project Exile prosecutions, working closely with his federal counterparts to stem the flow of drugs and illegal firearms in the City. As the Deputy in charge of the office's Manchester Courthouse Division, he supervised the prosecution of all cases occurring within the City of Richmond south of the James River. He also prosecuted a broad range of felonies including capital murder, rape and numerous drug and firearm offenses.","In 2006, Hopkins left his private practice when he was asked to serve as the Training Director for the Virginia Indigent Defense Commission, the state agency that manages Virginia's public defender system. The agency also determines the eligibility criteria for court appointed counsel-those attorneys who provide a legal defense for indigent persons accused of crimes that carry a potential penalty of incarceration or death.","In addition to his civilian legal experiences, Hopkins is also a Lieutenant Colonel in Virginia's National Guard where he currently served as the deputy chief legal advisor to the Commanding General of the 29th Infantry Division located at Fort Belvoir. From 2008-2009, he deployed as the Chief of Military Justice as part of Joint Task Force Guantanamo to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.","Hopkins is a graduate of The Citadel in Charleston, SC, where he graduated with a degree in political science. He received his law degree from the University Of Richmond School Of Law and is licensed by the Virginia State Bar. [Biography from Carlos Hopkins' electronic records.]","The Counselor was assisted in these responsibilities by a Deputy Counselor. The following individuals held this position during Governor McAuliffe's administration (2014-2018): Tracy Retchin (January 2014-May 2015, Noah Sullivan (May 2015-August 2017) and Jae K. Davenport (September 2017 to January 2018).","Governor McAuliffe appointed Noah Sullivan Counsel to the Governor on 1 September 2017. Previously, he served as Deputy Counsel to the Governor. Prior to joining the Governor's office, he was an associate at the law firm Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher LLP in Washington, DC. He previously worked at Dominion Energy in corporate public policy. Noah is a native of Lynchburg, Virginia. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Government from the University of Virginia, graduating with Highest Distinction. While at U.Va., Noah also served as Student Body President. Noah received his JD from Stanford Law School. [Biography from 1 September 2017 press release.]","Other staff of the Counselor's Office during the McAuliffe administration include: Jasmine Jackson, Confidential Assistant (January 2014-June 2016) and Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant (July 2016-July 2017).","With the exception of Series III. Regulatory Decisions, the processing archivist imposed an arrangement within each series in 2023 given the absence of usable order.","OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR-TERRY MCAULIFFE","The Governor Terry McAuliffe Administration Web Archive Collection, 2014-2018","The Executive Orders Digital Collection includes the executive orders and executive directives issued by Governor Terry McAuliffe.","LIVE WEBSITES","The Virginia General Assembly's Legislative Information System contains searchable databases for bills and resolutions from 1994 to the present and reports to the general assembly. It also includes links to the Code of Virginia, Virginia Administrative Code, Constitution of Virginia, Charters, Authorities, Compacts and Uncodified Acts.","The Virginia State Budget Portal\n provides information about Budget Bills, Budget Amendments, and Committee Reports related to the budget from 1996 to the present.","The Virginia Department of Planning and Budget\n assists the Governor's Office, General Assembly, and state agencies develop and implement the budget. The website contains information on Virginia's budget from 2000 to the present.","The Virginia Regulatory Townhall website\n is a source of information about proposed changes to Virginia's regulations, including a meetings calendar and board minutes. This site also facilitates public participation through online comment forums and an email notification service.","The Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records are housed in 36 boxes. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series have been designated for: I. Clemency Files; II. Judicial Appointments; III. Regulatory Decisions; IV. Executive Orders and Directives; and V. Correspondence and Subject Files. These records include agendas, agreements, applications, budget documents, correspondence, e-mail, executive orders, handouts, legal briefs, legal files, legislative files, meeting notes, memorandums, note pads, petitions and reports.","This collection documents the actions of Governor McAuliffe's Counselor's Office between 2014 and 2018. Topics include denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017) and Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017); Jens Soering petition for international prisoner transfer to Germany; the selection and appointment by Governor McAuliffe of Judge Jane M. Roush to the Supreme Court of Virginia; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; and litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 2016 restoration of rights order, redistricting, and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell.","The Clemency Files series is housed in 9 boxes. It is divided into two subseries: A. Executions and B. Pardons. This series contains clemency petitions from prisoners submitted to the Governor. The clemency petitions usually include: petition from prisoner, constituent letters (for and against clemency), court documents and opinions, summary of the case provided by the Office of the Attorney General, and a memorandum to Governor McAuliffe from Counselor to the Governor Carlos Hopkins or Noah Sullivan, providing background information on the case, analysis of petition and conclusion/recommendation to Governor.This series contains confidential, privacy-protected and attorney-client privileged records and is closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 2.2-3705.1, 2.2-3800 and 42.1-78.","This subseries is housed in four boxes and is arranged chronologically. Included are denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017) and William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017).","This subseries is housed in five boxes and is arranged alphabetically. Included are clemency requests for Travion Blount (conditional pardon granted 12 January 2018), Robert Paul Davis (conditional pardon granted 21 December 2015; absolute pardon granted 15 December 2016), Reginald Latson (conditional pardon granted 20 January 2015), Michael McAlister (absolute pardon granted 13 May 2015), and Davey James Reedy (absolute pardon granted 21 December 2015). Other notable files included Jens Soering's petition for an international prison transfer (denied), the Virginia Parole Board's investigation of Joseph M. Giarratano (parole granted on 21 November 2017), and Keith Allen Howard, who the Virginia Supreme Court granted a writ of actual innocence; he was released from prison on 8 April 2016.","The Judicial Appointments series is housed in four (4) boxes and is arranged into three (3) subseries. Subseries have been designated for: A. Supreme Court of Virginia; B. Other Courts; and C. Judicial Selection. Judges of the Circuit Court, Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of Virginia are elected by a majority of each house of the General Assembly (8 year terms for Circuit Court and Court of Appeals; 12 year term for the Supreme Court of Virginia). Interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. Records for each applicant usually include: letter of interest, letters of support, resume, Virginia State Bar Judicial Questionnaire, and Statement of Economic Interest. The applications (boxes 10-12) are considered personnel files and are closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 42.1-78.","This subseries is housed in two (2) boxes and is arranged alphabetically. On 28 April 2015, Supreme Court of Virginia Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. announced his retirement effective 31 July 2015. With the Virginia General Assembly out of session, interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. On 27 July 2015, Governor Terry McAuliffe appointed Judge Jane M. Roush as interim Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. When the General Assembly convened in special session on 17 August 2015, it failed to elect anyone to the full twelve-year term before the Virginia Senate adjourned sine die. The Virginia House of Delegates did not adjourn and there was legal confusion if the General Assembly was still in session. The Virginia Senate nominated Roush to a full term on 2 March 2016. The House rejected the nomination 38-55. The General Assembly later that session elected Judge Stephen R. McCullough to the vacancy for a full term.","The Regulatory Decisions series is housed in 8 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series was processed using minimal processing standards: the records have not been refoldered and the original order maintained. The series consists of regulation review forms, memorandums, recommendations, and summary of regulations.","This series documents the McAuliffe Administration's executive branch review of Virginia's Regulatory Process. Before a regulation become available for public comment on Town Hall, Virginia's regulatory website, it often undergoes review by the Department of Planning and Budget, the responsible Cabinet Secretary and the Governor (via the Policy Office). The Office of the Attorney General also may review the regulation. Each regulation reviewed by the Policy Office usually includes a Regulatory Review Form, memorandum(s) from the Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) and the Town Hall posting. Most of the information in these records is available on the most of file is available on the Virginia Regulatory Town Hall website: https://townhall.virginia.gov/. There are two documents in the files that do not appear online: Governor's Policy Office Regulation Review Form and DPB Regulation Review Memorandum.","The Executive Orders and Directives series is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series contains copies of executive orders and directives issued by Governor Robert McDonnell (2010-2014) and Governor Terry McAuliffe (2014-2018). In a few instances, the files include drafts and background information. Copies of the McDonnell and McAuliffe executive orders are available via the Library of Virginia's digital collections and the archived website for each governor.","The Correspondence and Subject files of the Counsel to the Governor series is housed in 13 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by subject. This series contains the records of Carlos Hopkins, Counsel to the Governor (2014-2017), Tracy Retchin, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (January 2104-May 2015), and Noah Sullivan, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (May 2015-August 2017) and Counsel to the Governor (September 2017 to January 2018). Also included are a small number of files created by Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant to Counsel (July 2016 to July 2017), and Jade Moss, Legal Fellow (2017). Privacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, medical records, and personnel records.","Notable subjects include: Center for Innovative Technology (CTI); Fort Monroe; licensure of abortion facilities; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 22 April 2016 blanket restoration of rights order (William J. Howell, et al v. Terence R. McAuliffe, et al), redistricting (Golden Bethune-Hill, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al; Gloria Personhuballah, et al v. James B. Alcorn, et al; and Dawn Paige, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al), and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell (United States of America v. Robert F. McDonnell, et al); same-sex marriage; and the 2015 Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control/Martese Rashaad Johnson case (restricted). The majority of litigation contains only copies of briefs, decisions, subpoenas, and court opinions.","The 2010 Affordable Care Act (sometimes known as ACA or Obamacare) enabled states to expand their Medicaid program to cover all adults with income below 138% of the federal poverty level. Initially, the federal government fully paid for expansion; it now pays for 90%. The Virginia General Assembly and the Governor Robert McDonnell administration did not agree to expand Medicaid. Terry McAuliffe, during his successful 2013 gubernatorial campaign, promised to expand Medicaid. He was unsuccessful. The Medicaid records in this series document the McAuliffe's expansion attempts including: removing language from the 2014 state budget that appropriated extra Medicaid funds to a Medicaid commission but only if it approved expansion; and a 2016 line item veto of budget language that prevented the governor from expanding Medicaid without its permission. The General Assembly did not recognize McAuliffe's veto; they argued the governor could not veto conditions attached to an appropriate without vetoing the entire appropriation. The Virginia General Assembly approved Medicaid expansion as part of the FY2019-2020 state budget signed into law by Governor Ralph Northam on 7 June 2018.","Privacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, and personnel records.","As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)).","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"collection_ssim":["Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records\n2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["52176"],"unitid_tesim":["52176"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Office of the Governor, Patrick Henry Building, 1111 E. Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia, 23219, accession 52176 transferred on 12 January 2018 and accessioned on 17 January 2018."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["20.71 cu. ft. (36 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eI. Clemency Files, 2010-2017;\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eII. Judicial Appointments, 2014-2017 (bulk 2015);\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIII. Regulatory Decisions, 2014-2018;\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIV. Executive Orders and Directives, 2001; 2010-2018;\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017).\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","I. Clemency Files, 2010-2017;\nII. Judicial Appointments, 2014-2017 (bulk 2015);\nIII. Regulatory Decisions, 2014-2018;\nIV. Executive Orders and Directives, 2001; 2010-2018;\nV. Correspondence and Subject Files, 2002-2006; 2008; 2010-2017 (bulk 2014-2017)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Executive Office is a division of the Office of the Governor in the Executive Branch of Virginia state government. Members of the Executive Office include the Governor, Chief of Staff, Counsel to the Governor and their assistants. On 6 January 2014, Governor-elect Terry McAuliffe appointed Carlos Hopkins as counselor to the governor. In this Cabinet-level position, Hopkins advised the Governor on the impact current federal and state law may have on the Governor's policy proposals.  He also provided advice on executive orders, state contracts, extraditions and pardons, administrative regulations, and other executive branch matters.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eOn 1 August 2017, Governor McAuliffe appointed Hopkins as Secretary of Veterans and Defense Affairs effective 1 September.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003ePrior to assuming his position as Counsel to the Governor, Hopkins was a Deputy City Attorney for the City of Richmond, focusing on tax assessment and eminent domain litigation as well as public safety. He was instrumental in bringing together members of the administration and Council staff to address the issues surrounding the reclamation of derelict properties in the City.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eBetween 1997 and 2005, Hopkins served seven years as a prosecutor in the City of Richmond where, as a Deputy Commonwealth's Attorney he supervised the office's narcotics and Project Exile prosecutions, working closely with his federal counterparts to stem the flow of drugs and illegal firearms in the City. As the Deputy in charge of the office's Manchester Courthouse Division, he supervised the prosecution of all cases occurring within the City of Richmond south of the James River. He also prosecuted a broad range of felonies including capital murder, rape and numerous drug and firearm offenses. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2006, Hopkins left his private practice when he was asked to serve as the Training Director for the Virginia Indigent Defense Commission, the state agency that manages Virginia's public defender system. The agency also determines the eligibility criteria for court appointed counsel-those attorneys who provide a legal defense for indigent persons accused of crimes that carry a potential penalty of incarceration or death.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his civilian legal experiences, Hopkins is also a Lieutenant Colonel in Virginia's National Guard where he currently served as the deputy chief legal advisor to the Commanding General of the 29th Infantry Division located at Fort Belvoir. From 2008-2009, he deployed as the Chief of Military Justice as part of Joint Task Force Guantanamo to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eHopkins is a graduate of The Citadel in Charleston, SC, where he graduated with a degree in political science. He received his law degree from the University Of Richmond School Of Law and is licensed by the Virginia State Bar. [Biography from Carlos Hopkins' electronic records.]\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Counselor was assisted in these responsibilities by a Deputy Counselor. The following individuals held this position during Governor McAuliffe's administration (2014-2018): Tracy Retchin (January 2014-May 2015, Noah Sullivan (May 2015-August 2017) and Jae K. Davenport (September 2017 to January 2018). \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eGovernor McAuliffe appointed Noah Sullivan Counsel to the Governor on 1 September 2017. Previously, he served as Deputy Counsel to the Governor. Prior to joining the Governor's office, he was an associate at the law firm Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher LLP in Washington, DC. He previously worked at Dominion Energy in corporate public policy. Noah is a native of Lynchburg, Virginia. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Government from the University of Virginia, graduating with Highest Distinction. While at U.Va., Noah also served as Student Body President. Noah received his JD from Stanford Law School. [Biography from 1 September 2017 press release.]\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eOther staff of the Counselor's Office during the McAuliffe administration include: Jasmine Jackson, Confidential Assistant (January 2014-June 2016) and Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant (July 2016-July 2017).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Executive Office is a division of the Office of the Governor in the Executive Branch of Virginia state government. Members of the Executive Office include the Governor, Chief of Staff, Counsel to the Governor and their assistants. On 6 January 2014, Governor-elect Terry McAuliffe appointed Carlos Hopkins as counselor to the governor. In this Cabinet-level position, Hopkins advised the Governor on the impact current federal and state law may have on the Governor's policy proposals.  He also provided advice on executive orders, state contracts, extraditions and pardons, administrative regulations, and other executive branch matters.","On 1 August 2017, Governor McAuliffe appointed Hopkins as Secretary of Veterans and Defense Affairs effective 1 September.","Prior to assuming his position as Counsel to the Governor, Hopkins was a Deputy City Attorney for the City of Richmond, focusing on tax assessment and eminent domain litigation as well as public safety. He was instrumental in bringing together members of the administration and Council staff to address the issues surrounding the reclamation of derelict properties in the City.","Between 1997 and 2005, Hopkins served seven years as a prosecutor in the City of Richmond where, as a Deputy Commonwealth's Attorney he supervised the office's narcotics and Project Exile prosecutions, working closely with his federal counterparts to stem the flow of drugs and illegal firearms in the City. As the Deputy in charge of the office's Manchester Courthouse Division, he supervised the prosecution of all cases occurring within the City of Richmond south of the James River. He also prosecuted a broad range of felonies including capital murder, rape and numerous drug and firearm offenses.","In 2006, Hopkins left his private practice when he was asked to serve as the Training Director for the Virginia Indigent Defense Commission, the state agency that manages Virginia's public defender system. The agency also determines the eligibility criteria for court appointed counsel-those attorneys who provide a legal defense for indigent persons accused of crimes that carry a potential penalty of incarceration or death.","In addition to his civilian legal experiences, Hopkins is also a Lieutenant Colonel in Virginia's National Guard where he currently served as the deputy chief legal advisor to the Commanding General of the 29th Infantry Division located at Fort Belvoir. From 2008-2009, he deployed as the Chief of Military Justice as part of Joint Task Force Guantanamo to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.","Hopkins is a graduate of The Citadel in Charleston, SC, where he graduated with a degree in political science. He received his law degree from the University Of Richmond School Of Law and is licensed by the Virginia State Bar. [Biography from Carlos Hopkins' electronic records.]","The Counselor was assisted in these responsibilities by a Deputy Counselor. The following individuals held this position during Governor McAuliffe's administration (2014-2018): Tracy Retchin (January 2014-May 2015, Noah Sullivan (May 2015-August 2017) and Jae K. Davenport (September 2017 to January 2018).","Governor McAuliffe appointed Noah Sullivan Counsel to the Governor on 1 September 2017. Previously, he served as Deputy Counsel to the Governor. Prior to joining the Governor's office, he was an associate at the law firm Gibson, Dunn and Crutcher LLP in Washington, DC. He previously worked at Dominion Energy in corporate public policy. Noah is a native of Lynchburg, Virginia. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Government from the University of Virginia, graduating with Highest Distinction. While at U.Va., Noah also served as Student Body President. Noah received his JD from Stanford Law School. [Biography from 1 September 2017 press release.]","Other staff of the Counselor's Office during the McAuliffe administration include: Jasmine Jackson, Confidential Assistant (January 2014-June 2016) and Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant (July 2016-July 2017)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Governor Terry McAuliffe, 2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017), Accession 52176, State Records Collection, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Governor Terry McAuliffe, 2001-2006; 2008; 2010-2018 (bulk 2014-2017), Accession 52176, State Records Collection, Library of Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWith the exception of Series III. Regulatory Decisions, the processing archivist imposed an arrangement within each series in 2023 given the absence of usable order.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["With the exception of Series III. Regulatory Decisions, the processing archivist imposed an arrangement within each series in 2023 given the absence of usable order."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eOFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR-TERRY MCAULIFFE\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.archive-it.org/collections/4186\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGovernor Terry McAuliffe Administration Web Archive Collection, 2014-2018\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://tinyurl.com/3pz9v6ck\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eExecutive Orders Digital Collection\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e includes the executive orders and executive directives issued by Governor Terry McAuliffe.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLIVE WEBSITES\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia General Assembly's \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://lis.virginia.gov/\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLegislative Information System\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e contains searchable databases for bills and resolutions from 1994 to the present and reports to the general assembly. It also includes links to the Code of Virginia, Virginia Administrative Code, Constitution of Virginia, Charters, Authorities, Compacts and Uncodified Acts.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVirginia State Budget Portal\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e\n provides information about Budget Bills, Budget Amendments, and Committee Reports related to the budget from 1996 to the present.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://dpb.virginia.gov/\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Virginia Department of Planning and Budget\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e\n assists the Governor's Office, General Assembly, and state agencies develop and implement the budget. The website contains information on Virginia's budget from 2000 to the present.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://townhall.virginia.gov/\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVirginia Regulatory Townhall website\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e\n is a source of information about proposed changes to Virginia's regulations, including a meetings calendar and board minutes. This site also facilitates public participation through online comment forums and an email notification service.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR-TERRY MCAULIFFE","The Governor Terry McAuliffe Administration Web Archive Collection, 2014-2018","The Executive Orders Digital Collection includes the executive orders and executive directives issued by Governor Terry McAuliffe.","LIVE WEBSITES","The Virginia General Assembly's Legislative Information System contains searchable databases for bills and resolutions from 1994 to the present and reports to the general assembly. It also includes links to the Code of Virginia, Virginia Administrative Code, Constitution of Virginia, Charters, Authorities, Compacts and Uncodified Acts.","The Virginia State Budget Portal\n provides information about Budget Bills, Budget Amendments, and Committee Reports related to the budget from 1996 to the present.","The Virginia Department of Planning and Budget\n assists the Governor's Office, General Assembly, and state agencies develop and implement the budget. The website contains information on Virginia's budget from 2000 to the present.","The Virginia Regulatory Townhall website\n is a source of information about proposed changes to Virginia's regulations, including a meetings calendar and board minutes. This site also facilitates public participation through online comment forums and an email notification service."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records are housed in 36 boxes. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series have been designated for: I. Clemency Files; II. Judicial Appointments; III. Regulatory Decisions; IV. Executive Orders and Directives; and V. Correspondence and Subject Files. These records include agendas, agreements, applications, budget documents, correspondence, e-mail, executive orders, handouts, legal briefs, legal files, legislative files, meeting notes, memorandums, note pads, petitions and reports. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the actions of Governor McAuliffe's Counselor's Office between 2014 and 2018. Topics include denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017) and Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017); Jens Soering petition for international prisoner transfer to Germany; the selection and appointment by Governor McAuliffe of Judge Jane M. Roush to the Supreme Court of Virginia; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; and litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 2016 restoration of rights order, redistricting, and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Clemency Files series is housed in 9 boxes. It is divided into two subseries: A. Executions and B. Pardons. This series contains clemency petitions from prisoners submitted to the Governor. The clemency petitions usually include: petition from prisoner, constituent letters (for and against clemency), court documents and opinions, summary of the case provided by the Office of the Attorney General, and a memorandum to Governor McAuliffe from Counselor to the Governor Carlos Hopkins or Noah Sullivan, providing background information on the case, analysis of petition and conclusion/recommendation to Governor.\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis series contains confidential, privacy-protected and attorney-client privileged records and is closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 2.2-3705.1, 2.2-3800 and 42.1-78.\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in four boxes and is arranged chronologically. Included are denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017) and William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017).\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in five boxes and is arranged alphabetically. Included are clemency requests for Travion Blount (conditional pardon granted 12 January 2018), Robert Paul Davis (conditional pardon granted 21 December 2015; absolute pardon granted 15 December 2016), Reginald Latson (conditional pardon granted 20 January 2015), Michael McAlister (absolute pardon granted 13 May 2015), and Davey James Reedy (absolute pardon granted 21 December 2015). Other notable files included Jens Soering's petition for an international prison transfer (denied), the Virginia Parole Board's investigation of Joseph M. Giarratano (parole granted on 21 November 2017), and Keith Allen Howard, who the Virginia Supreme Court granted a writ of actual innocence; he was released from prison on 8 April 2016.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Judicial Appointments series is housed in four (4) boxes and is arranged into three (3) subseries. Subseries have been designated for: A. Supreme Court of Virginia; B. Other Courts; and C. Judicial Selection. Judges of the Circuit Court, Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of Virginia are elected by a majority of each house of the General Assembly (8 year terms for Circuit Court and Court of Appeals; 12 year term for the Supreme Court of Virginia). Interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. Records for each applicant usually include: letter of interest, letters of support, resume, Virginia State Bar Judicial Questionnaire, and Statement of Economic Interest. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe applications (boxes 10-12) are considered personnel files and are closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 42.1-78.\u003c/emph\u003e \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in two (2) boxes and is arranged alphabetically. On 28 April 2015, Supreme Court of Virginia Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. announced his retirement effective 31 July 2015. With the Virginia General Assembly out of session, interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. On 27 July 2015, Governor Terry McAuliffe appointed Judge Jane M. Roush as interim Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. When the General Assembly convened in special session on 17 August 2015, it failed to elect anyone to the full twelve-year term before the Virginia Senate adjourned sine die. The Virginia House of Delegates did not adjourn and there was legal confusion if the General Assembly was still in session. The Virginia Senate nominated Roush to a full term on 2 March 2016. The House rejected the nomination 38-55. The General Assembly later that session elected Judge Stephen R. McCullough to the vacancy for a full term.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\t\t","\u003cp\u003eThe Regulatory Decisions series is housed in 8 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series was processed using minimal processing standards: the records have not been refoldered and the original order maintained. The series consists of regulation review forms, memorandums, recommendations, and summary of regulations. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series documents the McAuliffe Administration's executive branch review of Virginia's Regulatory Process. Before a regulation become available for public comment on Town Hall, Virginia's regulatory website, it often undergoes review by the Department of Planning and Budget, the responsible Cabinet Secretary and the Governor (via the Policy Office). The Office of the Attorney General also may review the regulation. Each regulation reviewed by the Policy Office usually includes a Regulatory Review Form, memorandum(s) from the Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) and the Town Hall posting. Most of the information in these records is available on the most of file is available on the Virginia Regulatory Town Hall website: https://townhall.virginia.gov/. There are two documents in the files that do not appear online: Governor's Policy Office Regulation Review Form and DPB Regulation Review Memorandum. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Executive Orders and Directives series is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series contains copies of executive orders and directives issued by Governor Robert McDonnell (2010-2014) and Governor Terry McAuliffe (2014-2018). In a few instances, the files include drafts and background information. Copies of the McDonnell and McAuliffe executive orders are available via the Library of Virginia's digital collections and the archived website for each governor.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence and Subject files of the Counsel to the Governor series is housed in 13 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by subject. This series contains the records of Carlos Hopkins, Counsel to the Governor (2014-2017), Tracy Retchin, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (January 2104-May 2015), and Noah Sullivan, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (May 2015-August 2017) and Counsel to the Governor (September 2017 to January 2018). Also included are a small number of files created by Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant to Counsel (July 2016 to July 2017), and Jade Moss, Legal Fellow (2017). \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePrivacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, medical records, and personnel records.\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eNotable subjects include: Center for Innovative Technology (CTI); Fort Monroe; licensure of abortion facilities; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 22 April 2016 blanket restoration of rights order (William J. Howell, et al v. Terence R. McAuliffe, et al), redistricting (Golden Bethune-Hill, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al; Gloria Personhuballah, et al v. James B. Alcorn, et al; and Dawn Paige, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al), and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell (United States of America v. Robert F. McDonnell, et al); same-sex marriage; and the 2015 Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control/Martese Rashaad Johnson case (restricted). The majority of litigation contains only copies of briefs, decisions, subpoenas, and court opinions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 2010 Affordable Care Act (sometimes known as ACA or Obamacare) enabled states to expand their Medicaid program to cover all adults with income below 138% of the federal poverty level. Initially, the federal government fully paid for expansion; it now pays for 90%. The Virginia General Assembly and the Governor Robert McDonnell administration did not agree to expand Medicaid. Terry McAuliffe, during his successful 2013 gubernatorial campaign, promised to expand Medicaid. He was unsuccessful. The Medicaid records in this series document the McAuliffe's expansion attempts including: removing language from the 2014 state budget that appropriated extra Medicaid funds to a Medicaid commission but only if it approved expansion; and a 2016 line item veto of budget language that prevented the governor from expanding Medicaid without its permission. The General Assembly did not recognize McAuliffe's veto; they argued the governor could not veto conditions attached to an appropriate without vetoing the entire appropriation. The Virginia General Assembly approved Medicaid expansion as part of the FY2019-2020 state budget signed into law by Governor Ralph Northam on 7 June 2018.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Governor Terry McAuliffe, Executive Office-Counselor's Office, Records are housed in 36 boxes. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series have been designated for: I. Clemency Files; II. Judicial Appointments; III. Regulatory Decisions; IV. Executive Orders and Directives; and V. Correspondence and Subject Files. These records include agendas, agreements, applications, budget documents, correspondence, e-mail, executive orders, handouts, legal briefs, legal files, legislative files, meeting notes, memorandums, note pads, petitions and reports.","This collection documents the actions of Governor McAuliffe's Counselor's Office between 2014 and 2018. Topics include denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017) and Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017); Jens Soering petition for international prisoner transfer to Germany; the selection and appointment by Governor McAuliffe of Judge Jane M. Roush to the Supreme Court of Virginia; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; and litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 2016 restoration of rights order, redistricting, and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell.","The Clemency Files series is housed in 9 boxes. It is divided into two subseries: A. Executions and B. Pardons. This series contains clemency petitions from prisoners submitted to the Governor. The clemency petitions usually include: petition from prisoner, constituent letters (for and against clemency), court documents and opinions, summary of the case provided by the Office of the Attorney General, and a memorandum to Governor McAuliffe from Counselor to the Governor Carlos Hopkins or Noah Sullivan, providing background information on the case, analysis of petition and conclusion/recommendation to Governor.This series contains confidential, privacy-protected and attorney-client privileged records and is closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 2.2-3705.1, 2.2-3800 and 42.1-78.","This subseries is housed in four boxes and is arranged chronologically. Included are denied clemency requests for Alfred R. Prieto (executed 1 October 2015), Ricky Javon Gray (executed 18 January 2017) and William Morva (executed 6 July 2017); granted clemency requests for Ivan Teleguz (granted 20 April 2017) and William Joseph Burns (granted 29 December 2017).","This subseries is housed in five boxes and is arranged alphabetically. Included are clemency requests for Travion Blount (conditional pardon granted 12 January 2018), Robert Paul Davis (conditional pardon granted 21 December 2015; absolute pardon granted 15 December 2016), Reginald Latson (conditional pardon granted 20 January 2015), Michael McAlister (absolute pardon granted 13 May 2015), and Davey James Reedy (absolute pardon granted 21 December 2015). Other notable files included Jens Soering's petition for an international prison transfer (denied), the Virginia Parole Board's investigation of Joseph M. Giarratano (parole granted on 21 November 2017), and Keith Allen Howard, who the Virginia Supreme Court granted a writ of actual innocence; he was released from prison on 8 April 2016.","The Judicial Appointments series is housed in four (4) boxes and is arranged into three (3) subseries. Subseries have been designated for: A. Supreme Court of Virginia; B. Other Courts; and C. Judicial Selection. Judges of the Circuit Court, Court of Appeals, Supreme Court of Virginia are elected by a majority of each house of the General Assembly (8 year terms for Circuit Court and Court of Appeals; 12 year term for the Supreme Court of Virginia). Interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. Records for each applicant usually include: letter of interest, letters of support, resume, Virginia State Bar Judicial Questionnaire, and Statement of Economic Interest. The applications (boxes 10-12) are considered personnel files and are closed for 75 years per Code of Virginia, 42.1-78.","This subseries is housed in two (2) boxes and is arranged alphabetically. On 28 April 2015, Supreme Court of Virginia Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. announced his retirement effective 31 July 2015. With the Virginia General Assembly out of session, interim appointments are made by the Governor subject to election by the General Assembly at the next regular session. On 27 July 2015, Governor Terry McAuliffe appointed Judge Jane M. Roush as interim Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. When the General Assembly convened in special session on 17 August 2015, it failed to elect anyone to the full twelve-year term before the Virginia Senate adjourned sine die. The Virginia House of Delegates did not adjourn and there was legal confusion if the General Assembly was still in session. The Virginia Senate nominated Roush to a full term on 2 March 2016. The House rejected the nomination 38-55. The General Assembly later that session elected Judge Stephen R. McCullough to the vacancy for a full term.","The Regulatory Decisions series is housed in 8 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series was processed using minimal processing standards: the records have not been refoldered and the original order maintained. The series consists of regulation review forms, memorandums, recommendations, and summary of regulations.","This series documents the McAuliffe Administration's executive branch review of Virginia's Regulatory Process. Before a regulation become available for public comment on Town Hall, Virginia's regulatory website, it often undergoes review by the Department of Planning and Budget, the responsible Cabinet Secretary and the Governor (via the Policy Office). The Office of the Attorney General also may review the regulation. Each regulation reviewed by the Policy Office usually includes a Regulatory Review Form, memorandum(s) from the Department of Planning and Budget (DPB) and the Town Hall posting. Most of the information in these records is available on the most of file is available on the Virginia Regulatory Town Hall website: https://townhall.virginia.gov/. There are two documents in the files that do not appear online: Governor's Policy Office Regulation Review Form and DPB Regulation Review Memorandum.","The Executive Orders and Directives series is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged roughly in chronological order. This series contains copies of executive orders and directives issued by Governor Robert McDonnell (2010-2014) and Governor Terry McAuliffe (2014-2018). In a few instances, the files include drafts and background information. Copies of the McDonnell and McAuliffe executive orders are available via the Library of Virginia's digital collections and the archived website for each governor.","The Correspondence and Subject files of the Counsel to the Governor series is housed in 13 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by subject. This series contains the records of Carlos Hopkins, Counsel to the Governor (2014-2017), Tracy Retchin, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (January 2104-May 2015), and Noah Sullivan, Deputy Counsel to the Governor (May 2015-August 2017) and Counsel to the Governor (September 2017 to January 2018). Also included are a small number of files created by Khaki LaRiviere, Confidential Assistant to Counsel (July 2016 to July 2017), and Jade Moss, Legal Fellow (2017). Privacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, medical records, and personnel records.","Notable subjects include: Center for Innovative Technology (CTI); Fort Monroe; licensure of abortion facilities; the McAuliffe administration's attempt to expand Medicaid; litigation related to Governor McAuliffe's 22 April 2016 blanket restoration of rights order (William J. Howell, et al v. Terence R. McAuliffe, et al), redistricting (Golden Bethune-Hill, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al; Gloria Personhuballah, et al v. James B. Alcorn, et al; and Dawn Paige, et al v. Virginia State Board of Elections, et al), and former Governor Robert F. McDonnell (United States of America v. Robert F. McDonnell, et al); same-sex marriage; and the 2015 Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control/Martese Rashaad Johnson case (restricted). The majority of litigation contains only copies of briefs, decisions, subpoenas, and court opinions.","The 2010 Affordable Care Act (sometimes known as ACA or Obamacare) enabled states to expand their Medicaid program to cover all adults with income below 138% of the federal poverty level. Initially, the federal government fully paid for expansion; it now pays for 90%. The Virginia General Assembly and the Governor Robert McDonnell administration did not agree to expand Medicaid. Terry McAuliffe, during his successful 2013 gubernatorial campaign, promised to expand Medicaid. He was unsuccessful. The Medicaid records in this series document the McAuliffe's expansion attempts including: removing language from the 2014 state budget that appropriated extra Medicaid funds to a Medicaid commission but only if it approved expansion; and a 2016 line item veto of budget language that prevented the governor from expanding Medicaid without its permission. The General Assembly did not recognize McAuliffe's veto; they argued the governor could not veto conditions attached to an appropriate without vetoing the entire appropriation. The Virginia General Assembly approved Medicaid expansion as part of the FY2019-2020 state budget signed into law by Governor Ralph Northam on 7 June 2018."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePrivacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, and personnel records.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAs of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f)). \u003c/p\u003e\n\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Privacy protected and confidential information is restricted from public access for 75 years (Code of Virginia 42.1-78). Restricted records in this collection have been sealed but not removed. Types of restricted may include, but is not limited to: administrative investigation records, attorney-client privileged documents, criminal records, mediation documents, and personnel records.","As of September 11, 2019, medical records will be open 125 years after the date of creation or after date closed, whichever is later. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires that individually identifiable health information of a decedent be protected for 50 years following the date of death of the individual (45 CFR 164.502(f))."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":388,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:43:17.788Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi05903_c05_c63_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats, 2017","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","parent_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_693"],"title_filing_ssi":"2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats","title_ssm":["2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats"],"title_tesim":["2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats, 2017"],"text":["2017 vs. Villanova Wildcats, 2017","ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.","The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2017"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2017 October 14"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":4,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"extent_ssm":["14 posters"],"extent_tesim":["14 posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":14,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"persname_ssim":["Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)"],"names_ssim":["Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)"],"date_range_isim":[2017],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_693.xml","title_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters"],"title_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters"],"unitdate_ssm":["2015","2017","2023"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2015","2017","2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"text":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015","SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693","Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","All 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via JSTOR.","The collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents.","Bell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml.","Bozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.","Holtzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.","\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.","sports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.","\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015.","Held every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.","James Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.","The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.","ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.","Wooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.","The 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022.","The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","Internet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase.","The 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.","The poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.","The poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team.","Poster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.","The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.","The poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.","The poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.","The poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.","The poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.","The poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.","The poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay.","While popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.","The full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.","The poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.","The poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win.","The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University.","An internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.","The poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around.","Additionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd.","The poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.","The poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University.","The poster has an unknown signature.","The poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.","Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.","Sign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).","The sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.","Sign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).","The sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).","Two-sided sign.","The primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.","The opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.","The sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.","The NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.","Demands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"","A sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.","Features the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.","Two-sided sign.","One side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.","The second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.","During a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).","Two-sided sign.","One side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.","The second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"","The sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.","The sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.","Accuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.","Features purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.","Features an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.","Comments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"","Two-sided sign.","One side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).","The second side encourages people to support libraries.","Two-sided sign. Both sides are identical.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Demands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.","The sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","Crossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.","James Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"","Quotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).","Refers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.","Demands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.","Printed sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.","Printed sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"","Accuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.","Four-sided laminated sign.","1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.","2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026 Mary, or others.","4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"","Creator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"","Features a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.","Features a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.","Uses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.","Features image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.","Two-sided sign.","The primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie Mean Girls during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.","The other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.","Compares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show Spongebob Squarepants. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.","Includes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).","Crossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.","Invokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.","Pair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.","The left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","The right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a scene from the television show The Office in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","The second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.","Images from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.","One image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.","Includes the hashtag #letusbowl.","Two-sided sign.","One side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.","The other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.","Refers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.","Refers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.","The second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.","Festive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).","Features a scene from SpongeBob SquarePants with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.","Two-sided sign.","One side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.","Second side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"collection_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"creators_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Posters were donated on or soon after October 14, 2017 directly following GameDay events and collected at the front desk of Carrier Library. One of the 2015 GameDay posters was donated on October 9, 2017 directly to Special Collections. One 2017 poster was donated in November 2018. The 2023 GameDay posters were brought to a designated donation table located in front of Moody Hall after the broadcast on November 18, 2023. Special Collections staff also salvaged orphaned or trashed posters after the broadcast. The posters were donated by JMU students, alumni, and fans. Donors were not asked to sign deeds of gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 cubic feet 15 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["15 cubic feet 15 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"date_range_isim":[2015,2017,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.jstor.org/site/jamesmadisonuniversity/jamesmadisonuniversityespncollegegamedayposters/\"\u003eJSTOR\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["All 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via JSTOR."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHoltzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003esports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml.","Bozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.","Holtzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.","\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.","sports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.","\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHeld every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Held every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.","James Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.","The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.","ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015, 2017, 2023, SC 0336, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015, 2017, 2023, SC 0336, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Wooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.","The 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInternet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster has an unknown signature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side encourages people to support libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign. Both sides are identical.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eQuotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour-sided laminated sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026amp; Mary, or others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCreator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMean Girls\u003c/emph\u003e during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpongebob Squarepants\u003c/emph\u003e. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrimary side includes a scene from the television show \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Office\u003c/emph\u003e in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImages from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the hashtag #letusbowl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrimary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFestive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a scene from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpongeBob SquarePants\u003c/emph\u003e with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSecond side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","Internet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase.","The 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.","The poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.","The poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team.","Poster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.","The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.","The poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.","The poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.","The poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.","The poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.","The poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.","The poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay.","While popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.","The full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.","The poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.","The poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win.","The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University.","An internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.","The poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around.","Additionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd.","The poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.","The poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University.","The poster has an unknown signature.","The poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.","Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.","Sign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).","The sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.","Sign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).","The sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).","Two-sided sign.","The primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.","The opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.","The sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.","The NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.","Demands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"","A sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.","Features the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.","Two-sided sign.","One side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.","The second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.","During a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).","Two-sided sign.","One side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.","The second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"","The sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.","The sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.","Accuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.","Features purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.","Features an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.","Comments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"","Two-sided sign.","One side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).","The second side encourages people to support libraries.","Two-sided sign. Both sides are identical.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Demands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.","The sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","Crossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.","James Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"","Quotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).","Refers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.","Demands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.","Printed sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.","Printed sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"","Accuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.","Four-sided laminated sign.","1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.","2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026 Mary, or others.","4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"","Creator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"","Features a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.","Features a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.","Uses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.","Features image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.","Two-sided sign.","The primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie Mean Girls during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.","The other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.","Compares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show Spongebob Squarepants. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.","Includes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).","Crossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.","Invokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.","Pair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.","The left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","The right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a scene from the television show The Office in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","The second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.","Images from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.","One image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.","Includes the hashtag #letusbowl.","Two-sided sign.","One side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.","The other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.","Refers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.","Refers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.","The second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.","Festive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).","Features a scene from SpongeBob SquarePants with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.","Two-sided sign.","One side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.","Second side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7db16ad7b8ea3ec44dbf745436fd4229\"\u003eThe ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century"],"persname_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c02"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers, 2023","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eMany of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","parent_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_693"],"title_filing_ssi":"2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers","title_ssm":["2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers"],"title_tesim":["2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers, 2023"],"text":["2023 vs. Appalachian State Mountaineers, 2023","ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-","ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.","Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2023"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2023 November 18"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":19,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"extent_ssm":["54 posters"],"extent_tesim":["54 posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":54,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"corpname_ssim":["National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"persname_ssim":["Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"names_ssim":["National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"date_range_isim":[2023],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMany of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_693.xml","title_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters"],"title_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters"],"unitdate_ssm":["2015","2017","2023"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2015","2017","2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"text":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015","SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693","Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","All 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via JSTOR.","The collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents.","Bell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml.","Bozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.","Holtzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.","\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.","sports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.","\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015.","Held every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.","James Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.","The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.","ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.","Wooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.","The 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022.","The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","Internet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase.","The 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.","The poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.","The poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team.","Poster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.","The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.","The poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.","The poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.","The poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.","The poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.","The poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.","The poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay.","While popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.","The full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.","The poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.","The poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win.","The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University.","An internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.","The poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around.","Additionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd.","The poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.","The poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University.","The poster has an unknown signature.","The poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.","Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.","Sign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).","The sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.","Sign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).","The sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).","Two-sided sign.","The primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.","The opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.","The sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.","The NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.","Demands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"","A sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.","Features the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.","Two-sided sign.","One side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.","The second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.","During a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).","Two-sided sign.","One side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.","The second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"","The sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.","The sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.","Accuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.","Features purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.","Features an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.","Comments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"","Two-sided sign.","One side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).","The second side encourages people to support libraries.","Two-sided sign. Both sides are identical.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Demands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.","The sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","Crossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.","James Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"","Quotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).","Refers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.","Demands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.","Printed sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.","Printed sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"","Accuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.","Four-sided laminated sign.","1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.","2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026 Mary, or others.","4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"","Creator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"","Features a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.","Features a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.","Uses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.","Features image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.","Two-sided sign.","The primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie Mean Girls during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.","The other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.","Compares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show Spongebob Squarepants. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.","Includes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).","Crossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.","Invokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.","Pair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.","The left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","The right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a scene from the television show The Office in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","The second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.","Images from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.","One image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.","Includes the hashtag #letusbowl.","Two-sided sign.","One side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.","The other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.","Refers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.","Refers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.","The second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.","Festive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).","Features a scene from SpongeBob SquarePants with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.","Two-sided sign.","One side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.","Second side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"collection_ssim":["ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0336","/repositories/4/resources/693"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"creators_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Posters were donated on or soon after October 14, 2017 directly following GameDay events and collected at the front desk of Carrier Library. One of the 2015 GameDay posters was donated on October 9, 2017 directly to Special Collections. One 2017 poster was donated in November 2018. The 2023 GameDay posters were brought to a designated donation table located in front of Moody Hall after the broadcast on November 18, 2023. Special Collections staff also salvaged orphaned or trashed posters after the broadcast. The posters were donated by JMU students, alumni, and fans. Donors were not asked to sign deeds of gift."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Memes","Education, Higher -- Social aspects","Football -- Humor","Sports -- Social aspects","College students -- Social life and customs","College students -- Attitudes","College sports -- Attitudes","College sports","College athletes","Popular culture","Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 cubic feet 15 flat files"],"extent_tesim":["15 cubic feet 15 flat files"],"genreform_ssim":["Posters","Memes (Internet)"],"date_range_isim":[2015,2017,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://www.jstor.org/site/jamesmadisonuniversity/jamesmadisonuniversityespncollegegamedayposters/\"\u003eJSTOR\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["All 2015 and 2017 posters have been digitized and are available online via JSTOR."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in sub-groups according to date and ESPN College GameDay opponents."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eBell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eBozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eHoltzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003esports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Bell, Brittany. \"A Journey Well-Written - JMU.\" James Madison University, 16 April 2021, https://www.jmu.edu/news/alumni/2021/2021_04_16_a_journey_well_written.shtml.","Bozek, Richie. \"JMU selected for ESPN 'College GameDay' next weekend.\" 2015. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/jmu-selected-for-espn-college-gameday-next-weekend/article_3afdfd8e-743a-11e5-9742-3bee473e4cd1.html.","Holtzclaw, Harry. \"A look at how JMU can get College GameDay once again.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/a-look-at-how-jmu-can-get-college-gameday-once-again/article_0ec75c94-9ed9-11e7-a150-a797ee396993.html.","\"meme, n.\" OED Online, Oxford University Press, September 2022, www.oed.com/view/Entry/239909.","sports desk. \"ESPN's 'College GameDay' announces return to JMU.\" 2017. The Breeze, https://www.breezejmu.org/sports/espns-college-gameday-announces-return-to-jmu/article_1c195fac-abed-11e7-a6d6-3fe7ae1346f6.html.","\"2015 Football Cumulative Statistics.\" James Madison University Athletics, https://jmusports.com/sports/football/stats/2015."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHeld every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Held every Saturday morning during the college football regular season, ESPN College GameDay broadcasts live from the campus of the team hosting the featured football game.","James Madison University was first considered for ESPN's College GameDay in 2015. While there was conversation happening behind the scenes about James Madison University being that week's possible location, it was a tweet from Lee Fitting, ESPN producer for GameDay, that started public recognition of the school for a possible host for GameDay. His tweet came as a response from a James Madison University account called \"JMU Duke Blawg\" who had been pushing for ESPN GameDay attention. Between Everett Withers' as head football coach and Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee as quarterback, their season was gaining a lot of attention in the lead up to the GameDay picks. The undefeated season for James Madison University and the University of Richmond's winning streak helped make them a strong contender. James Madison University was sitting at a (7-0) undefeated winning streak while the University of Richmond was (5-1) and on a five-game winning streak at the time. ESPN announced on Sunday, October 18, 2015 that James Madison University would host the 2015 College GameDay on Saturday, October 24.","The 2017 choice for GameDay was heavily influenced by online presence from the university and their long winning streak. With the popularization of social media, online attention from universities have become an easy way to get recognized, and from this, receive opportunities such as GameDay. The strategy for James Madison University was to lay the groundwork throughout their season while also maintaining a strong online presence in order to be considered. The Breeze, James Madison University's school newspaper, posted an article on September 21, 2017 laying out the strategy in place to secure a second year of hosting College GameDay. Part of the university's strategy included ensuring that James Madison University remained undefeated, that Villanova remained undefeated, and that the \"JMU Nation must continue to nag College GameDay on social media.\" Ultimately, James Madison University went on to have the nation's longest winning streak, 17 games, in the lead up to ESPN College GameDay. On Sunday, October 8, 2017 ESPN officially announced that James Madison University would host GameDay on Saturday, October 14, 2017.","ESPN College GameDay's third visit to Harrisonburg on November 18, 2023 was marked by a record setting crowd of approximately 26,000 people. Additionally, GameDay celebrated its 30th anniversary with its visit to JMU which also included musical performances by the Jonas Brothers and Bailey Zimmerman.","Leading up to GameDay, JMU and the NCAA were embroiled in a bowl game controversy related to JMU's transition period after switching from the Coastal Athletic Association to the Sun Belt Conference in 2021. Per NCAA rules, a two-year transition period is required for teams to fully transition from Division I FCS (Football Championship Subdivision) to Division I FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision). JMU's transition period was in effect from July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2024. While JMU was undefeated and nationally ranked at the time, the NCAA upheld the transition period rule that the football team would not be bowl eligible. Ultimately, JMU was able to play in a bowl game (Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl vs. Air Force, 2023 December 23) since there were not enough six-win teams to fill all the bowl game slots."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015, 2017, 2023, SC 0336, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], ESPN College GameDay posters, 2015, 2017, 2023, SC 0336, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Wooden dowels, PVC pipes, and other yard sticks were removed from signs. Given the usage of mixed media (glitter, ribbons, paint, etc.) in their creation, the posters were interfiled with acid-free paper. Several of the physical posters exhibit smearing due to water exposure and warping as well as color loss and image degradation.","The 2015 and 2017 posters were digitized in October 2022 by graduate assistants Mariam Ismail and Kayleigh Bishop using a Nikon D3300 digital camera with a 18-55 mm lens. Bodeene Amyot Cairdeas, digital and audiovisual archivist, edited the digital files to address the following issues: color, exposure, and lens correction, distortion, and chromatic aberration. Tiffany Cole, archivist, uploaded the edited files and respective metadata into JSTOR Forum/Artstor in December 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInternet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster has an unknown signature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side encourages people to support libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign. Both sides are identical.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eQuotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDemands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour-sided laminated sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026amp; Mary, or others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCreator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMean Girls\u003c/emph\u003e during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpongebob Squarepants\u003c/emph\u003e. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrimary side includes a scene from the television show \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Office\u003c/emph\u003e in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eImages from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the hashtag #letusbowl.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrimary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFestive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeatures a scene from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSpongeBob SquarePants\u003c/emph\u003e with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo-sided sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSecond side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.","Internet memes, defined as humorous images online that are often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations, are used throughout the posters and represent the cultural references of the period and sometimes inside jokes from students at James Madison University directed at the opposing team. The signs also frequently draw on pop culture references and poke fun at the opposing team and their fanbase.","The 2015 GameDay posters focus on James Madison University's quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee, implying he will lead them to victory. Vad Lee had a strong season in 2014 by taking James Madison University to the FCS playoffs and led a strong 2015 season leading up to the Richmond game, season statistics were (7-0; 4-0) at this point in the season. These posters center on Vad's leadership skills as quarterback and cheer him on through various pop culture references from 2015.","The poster is a play on words from George Thorogood's song \"Bad to the Bone\" to cheer on James Madison University's 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique  Lee.","The poster plays on the popular catchphrase \"Hulk smash\" and depicts 2015 quarterback, Lavaedeay \"Vad\" Monlique Lee, as smashing the Richmond's mascot WebstUR the spider. The quote \"Hulk smash\" was made popular from a series of Marvel movies wherein the comic book character the hulk proclaims \"HULK SMASH\" before smashing something. While also popular from the comics themselves, the phrase made its way into pop culture references after Marvel began releasing movies with the Hulk often quoting the phrase in them. The poster references how the James Madison University quarterback is going to smash the Villanova football team.","Poster is signed by Jonathan \"Jon\" Alger, the President of James Madison University, Matt Brady, and Samantha \"Sam\" Ponder.","The 2017 GameDay posters primarily focus on James Madison University's strength as a team, and school, over Villanova. Using viral internet images popular in 2017, they center on the inferiority of the Villanova team when being compared to James Madison University. These viral images, often called memes, are variously displaying James Madison University's \"superior taste\" in all regards. Calling attention to Villanova's cost of tuition and low football game attendance rates, the majority of the posters purport that James Madison University will defeat them. One poster references an inside joke to James Madison University students about how Villanova will lose the football game because they are not fans of the correct condiment. There are some posters that center less on the animosity of the two teams and instead are saying hello to friends and family.","The poster revises the common saying \"don't bring a knife to a gunfight,\" popularized by the 1987 film \"The Untouchables,\" to display the superiority of James Madison University's mascot, the Duke Dog, over Villanova's own Will D. Cat, the wildcat. The poster is meant to imply that not only are dogs better than cats but that James Madison University will perform better than Villanova's team.","The poster follows a popularized internet format, commonly called a meme, to depict how James Madison University is better than Villanova. The image is commonly known as the \"You vs. the guy meme\" and is meant to be used to show how one guy is superior to another. The format traditionally depicts two images, usually men, side by side with the implication being that the image on the right is better and the more desirable. This poster implies that James Madison University is better and more likely to win, and thus that you should be worried if you are the other \"guy\" in the image.","The poster uses the image of Austin Rogers, a famous Jeopardy player in 2017 who had a 12-game win streak. Known for his quirky yet funny anecdotes on Jeopardy, his image quickly became a househould face for a large portion of 2017. The poster uses his image paired with the saying as a statement on how well James Madison University's season is going. Going into the Villanova game, they had 17 wins in a row, outlasting Rogers' streak on Jeopardy. The poster talks to their successful season and how it will lead them to victory over Villanova. Their final season stats of (14-1; 8-0) displays their successful season and how the James Madison University football team had a longer winning streak than a popular Jeopardy star at the time.","The poster comments on the animosity between cats and dogs by using the fact that domesticated cats use a litter box to make fun of Villanova's Will D. Cat the wildcat as being more domestic and less threatening than James Madison University's Duke Dog. The implication is that Villanova's football team will lose because they, like their mascot, are not threatening enough to beat James Madison University.","The poster discusses James Madison University's high attendance to football games. Villanova's 2017 season had low attendance rates, 5,649 average for their home team attendance. James Madison University's 2017 home team attendance is averaged around 21,724. The ESPN GameDay estimated attendance was around 14,000 people. The poster uses these statistics to show the support for James Madison University over Villanova and their hopes that this will impact the outcome of the game.","The poster uses yum-yum sauce, a Japanese steakhouse mayonnaise sauce, to undermine Villanova. Yum-yum sauce is a popularized condiment for Japanese cuisine in the United States but holds a particular fondness for James Madison University students. Brought to the dining hall, D-hall, around 2017, it was famous on campus to students as the superior sauce choice for stir-fry. This poster functions as a James Madison University inside joke to Villanova by insulting their lack of taste when it comes to condiment choices. It is then implied that their lack of taste will be reflected in how they perform at GameDay.","While popular, yum-yum sauce was a short lived condiment on campus. It was removed from D-hall after a few years and is now remembered fondly by those students who were on campus at the time.","The full poster details the specific costs of attending Villanova in 2017. It lists out the prices of tuition and fees, $49,430, room and board, $13,093, and books and miscellaneous items, $3,400. These prices are all added up and the total is stated as \"1 a$$ kicking from JMU.\" The poster is discussing how Villanova's high cost to attend is not reflected in their ability to beat James Madison University at football. The poster is detailing not only James Madison University's lower cost of attendance but is attempting to explain how money at a university does not translate to techinical abilities on the field.","The poster functions as a gesture from a student to their parents during GameDay weekend. With GameDay being broadcast on ESPN, this poster is a way for a student to show their family where they are on the broadcast and say hello to them from the crowd.","The poster features James Madison University's colors of gold and purple with the university letters surrounded by hearts. The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster states how James Madison's successful season, 17 straight wins at this point in 2017, will lead to a victory over the Villanova team. The statement of \"it's OVA\" is a reference to a common phrase about something already being done. The connotation here is that it is already over for Villanova and James Madison University will win.","The poster is made on a Pizza Hut sponsored GameDay poster. In 2017, it was Pizza Hut's third year as GameDay sponsor. These posters were handed out to students to create their own sayings for the football game.","The poster uses a popular internet graphic from the 2010s to depict how former James Madison University head coach, Everett Withers is regretting his decision to leave and coach at Texas State University.","An internet meme is a humorous image online that is often replicated and parodied to fit specific situations. The poster uses the popular meme entitled \"distracted boyfriend\" which shows a guy walking with his girlfriend but looking back at another girl. Traditionally, the meme is used to show how someone is disloyal or regretting a choice they have made. The meme first appeared in early 2017 but by August 2017 was viral online.","The poster uses this viral internet frame to portray Everett Withers as the \"distracted boyfriend\" in the meme. James Madison University is the girl he is looking back at and Texas State University is his current girlfriend. After coaching the James Madison University football team in the 2015 GameDay, the poster implies his disloyalty to his current team and regret around not coaching James Madison University for their second GameDay. Brought on by James Madison University's strong season in 2017, a 17-game winning streak, it is implying they will not lose at GameDay this time around.","Additionally, the back of the poster has \"Hey Papa Waller!\" on it. This is likely a message from a student to their family. Knowing that GameDay will be streaming on ESPN, it would have served as a way for their family to see them on TV and say \"hey\" from the large GameDay crowd.","The poster is in reference to a comment by Cam Newton, then Carolina Panthers quarterback, to reporter Jourdan Rodrigue on October 4, 2017. In response to her question about running routes with wide receiver Devin Funchess, Cam Newton responded \"it's funny to hear a female talk about routes.\" This poster references said comment and undermines Newton's comment about women. The poster has an unknown signature on it.","The poster uses a pop culture reference to a popular children's television show to display how bad of a team Villanova is. Referencing the popular show Spongebob Squarepants, the poster is meant to show Villanova's distasteful nature in their choice of restaurant from the show. Notably, the show centers around the restaurant known as \"The Krusty Krab\", a popular eatery in the show compared to its rival the \"Chum Bucket.\" The Chum Bucket is known for serving poor food, often chum, and is often considered the villain in the show. The poster references how Villanova is viewed in the same regard by James Madison University students. It is also inferred that due to their restaurant choice Villanova will lose the game because they have inferior restaurant tastes compared to James Madison University.","The poster has an unknown signature.","The poster uses a popular image from \"It's the Great Pumpkin, Charlie Brown\" film to represent the superiority of James Madison University's football team over Villanova's. Using the image of Charlie Brown trick or treating in his ghost costume, Villanova is represented as the one who gets a rock in their bag. Paired with James Madison University's character, also dressed as a ghost, stating that they received a championship ring, it is meant to imply their superiority at football. This was a common internet image circulating at the time. It was commonly known as \"Charlie Brown Halloween Rock Meme\" and is meant to show how one person always gets something less than the other. The poster adds the university logos to each ghost character to further this point of James Madison University being better sports team than Villanova.","Many of the signs make reference to the NCAA bowl game controversy; the Jonas Brothers, specifically Joe Jonas's recent separation from actress Sophie Turner; University of Michigan's football cheating scandal; and other happenings in pop culture.","Sign reads \"Joe Jonas I'm Single (also go dukes)\" and is in reference to Joe Jonas's recent separation from Sophie Turner. Created by Olivia Lewis ('23).","The sign suggests that JMU will easily defeat Appalachian State, whose mascot is Yosef the Mountaineer. The hashtag #everythingschool is also included which refers to the JMU's success in numerous sports during the fall of 2023 including football, men's basketball, and women's soccer. While some colleges and universities are historically known to be a \"football school\" or a \"basketball school\", JMU conversely was colloquially recognized as an \"everything school\" by excelling in all things.","Sign includes purple and gold paw prints and a hand-drawn barking Duke Dog. Created by Lydia Endersby ('23).","The sign reimagines a line from the song \"Munch (Feelin' U)\" by Ice Spice, released in 2023, and presumably refers to Kevin Jonas. Created by Laine Kelly ('25).","Two-sided sign.","The primary side features the Duke Dog standing on the top of a mountain peak saying \"Roll Dukes\" while Yosef the Mountaineer, the Appalachian State mascot, rolls down on a boulder to the base of the mountain to join the other opponents JMU defeated earlier in the season.","The opposite side requests that Nick Jonas show his Dexcom device, a continuous glucose monitoring system for diabetes management, and the sign-holder will show him theirs. Jonas was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at the age of 13.","The sign refers to ESPN College GameDay analyst Kirk Herbstreit's Golden Retriever named Ben who frequently accompanied Herbstreit on his trips to call and analyze football games. Ben was in attendance at JMU's College GameDay.","The NCAA's ruling that JMU was ineligible to play in a bowl game because of their two-year transition period from FCS to FBS demonstrates the NCAA's hatred for puppies. The sign features a picture of a crying Duke Dog.","Demands of the NCAA to let JMU play in a bowl game and invokes the Jonas Brothers by using a play on the popular phrase \"What Would Jesus Do?\"","A sign presumably created for a two-year-old JMU fan and future Duke.","Features the Duke Dog trash talking Appalachian State by making a pun about their mascot Yosef.","Two-sided sign.","One side accuses Applachian State of having pubic lice. Includes the hashtag #RollMotherF*ckingDukes. The creator of the sign was dressed in a crab suit during GameDay.","The second side features a map of Virginia (labeled JMU) and North Carolina (labeled App State) using it as rationale for Appalachian State being inferior to JMU.","During a November 13, 2023 press conference, Jim Harbaugh, head coach of the University of Michigan Wolverines football team, referred to his team as \"America's team.\" The sign offers a counterpoint, asserting that JMU is actually America's team. Created by John Bowen Jr. ('04).","Two-sided sign.","One side features a play on words using the Sun Belt Conference, of which JMU became a member in 2022, and the phrase \"fly too close to the sun\" which refers to the story of Icarus in Greek mythology.","The second side requests information on Joe Jonas's impending divorce from actress Sophie Turner and follows up with the parenthetical question \"Marry Me??\"","The sign demonstrates fandom for JMU through the practice of sharing one's pronouns. Includes a graphic of the Duke Dog riding on a flying bald eagle.","The sign uses the lyrics of the Jonas Brothers song \"Sucker\" to convey the similarities and closeness between JMU and the band. Each of the Jonas Brothers' faces is superimposed on a bowling pin referring to the NCAA bowl eligibility controversy.","Accuses Desmond Howard of stealing Kirk Herbstreit's talking points for ESPN College GameDay. Both are analysts on the college football pre-game show. The sign may also allude to the University of Michigan sign-stealing controversy of 2023 given that Desmond Howard played college football at Michigan.","Features purple and gold \"JMU\" in bubble letters.","Features an image of Sophie Turner and Taylor Swift taken on the night of September 19, 2023 while the two were out in New York City. Also includes the hashtag #TeamSophie and select lyrics from Swift's song \"Vigilante Shit.\" The sign is an obvious reference to Turner's recent separation from Joe Jonas.","Comments on the success of JMU's football team by making reference to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Burnin' Up.\"","Two-sided sign.","One side declares that JMU (hot) is superior to App State (not).","The second side encourages people to support libraries.","Two-sided sign. Both sides are identical.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","Demands of the NCAA to allow JMU play in a bowl game.","The sign predicts JMU will have a record of 11-0 after their game against Appalachian State, presuming a victory over the Mountaineers. Also includes the slogan made popular by Apple in 2009 claiming that there is an application for everything.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","Crossword-style graphic and includes image of embarrassed Duke Dog and football helmet.","The sign redefines the NCAA acronym and presumably refers to its decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Also includes the hashtag #letjmubowl.","James Madison is universally acknowledged as the Father of the Constitution due to his instrumental role in drafting the Constitution as well as the Bill of Rights. The sign argues that James Madison is also the father of football, a claim likely made due to JMU's dominance in football. Includes drawing of the American flag and the Duke Dog holding a copy of the Bill of Rights with the amendment \"JMU shall bowl.\"","Quotes the Preamble of the Constitution to convince the NCAA to allow JMU to play in a bowl game. Includes image of James Madison wearing sunglasses and bowling pins labeled with each of JMU's opponents up until that point in the 2023 season. Created by Maddy Brendel ('27).","Refers to the two-year transition period the NCAA requires of teams that join new conferences before they're allowed to play in the postseason. Includes each teams' win percentage since 2022 when JMU formally joined the Sun Belt Conference. JMU had an 86% win percentage while Appalachian State's win percentage was 55%.","Demands that the NCAA allow JMU to play in a bowl game by touting the team's undefeated record. Other imagery identifies Appalachian State as losers while JMU are winners.","Printed sign features official JMU letters and an artifical intelligence (AI)-generated Duke Dog with a fierce facial expression and a crown.","Printed sign features JMU logo (Duke Dog on top of JMU letters) with the phrases \"Duke Dog's Ready to Pound\" and \"Welcome to Our House!\"","Accuses Appalachian State fans of urinating while standing and therefore being weak or effeminate or any number of other presumed insults associated with that manner of using the bathroom. The attack is likely targeted at men fans who would otherwise stand while they urinate. The word \"Pee\" is in yellow letters.","Four-sided laminated sign.","1. \"Who Let the Dukes Out???\" is a reinterpretation of the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" The song has historically been associated with sporting events.","2. \"I'm a Sucker for (JM)U\" uses lyrics to the Jonas Brothers' song \"Sucker\" to convey affinity for JMU.","3. \"JMU = Virginia's School\" asserts that JMU is the flagship university in the state, not Virginia Tech, University of Virginia, William \u0026 Mary, or others.","4. \"We Want the Jonas Bros to Stay at JMU Until the Year 3,000?\" refers to the Jonas Brothers' 2006 song \"Year 3000.\"","Creator included initials and date to each side -  \"KEL 2023.\"","Features a game prediction alongside graphic of Baby Yoda (aka Grogu). The prediction uses the object-subject-verb pattern that is typical of Yoda speak.","Features a photoshopped image of Lee Corso, GameDay analyst, wearing a birthday cake hat. ESPN College GameDay formally celebrated its 30th anniversary as part of the festivities at JMU on November 18, 2023. The program first used a traveling broadcast model for its November 13, 1993 show.","Uses the hashtag #letJMUbowl to plead to the NCAA that JMU should be able to play in a post-season bowl game. The Duke Dog is featured holding a football and appears to be running similar to how a football player rushes for yards.","Features image of Count von Count from Sesame Street on a television screen with the numbers 11-0 to signify what would be JMU's record if they beat Appalachian State.","Two-sided sign.","The primary side of the sign includes a quote and scene from the movie Mean Girls during which Regina George (JMU), played by Rachel McAdams, insults Cady Heron (Appalachian State), played by Lindsay Lohan.","The other side pleads to Barstool Sports, a digital media company, to hire the creator of the sign who will be a 2024 graduate of the School of Media Arts and Design (SMAD) and claims \"I need a job.\" Includes email address for contact.","Compares the average Appalachian State fan to Pinhead Larry, a character played by Patrick Star from the cartoon television show Spongebob Squarepants. Pinhead Larry is depicted as a dimwit and only has one tooth.","Includes official NCAA logo with \"Unfair\" underneath referring to the NCAA's decision to deny JMU from playing in a bowl game. Created by Riley Isakower ('22).","Crossword-style graphic asserting that JMU should be eligible to play in a bowl game with JMU-Duke Dog logo.","Invokes the popular internet meme \"girl math\" by using the equation that JMU plus an 11-0 record equals (or should equal) a bowl game. A 10-0 record is crossed out and replaced with an 11-0 record which presumes JMU will beat Appalachian State. The typical concept of girl math is a humorous way of rationalizing extravagent, unnecessary, or impulsive purchases.","Pair of complementary signs each shaped like a foot.","The left foot sign reads \"Our Dawgs Are Barkin'\" which is a common saying when someone's feet are hurt. It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","The right foot sign reads \"Let the Dawgs Out\" is a reference to the Baha Men's 2000 song \"Who Let the Dogs Out.\" It also refers to JMU's mascot which is a dog.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a scene from the television show The Office in which a younger Michael Scott, played by Steve Carell, is shaking hands with his then boss Ed Truck, played by Ken Howard. The handshake meme is typically used to illustrate commonalities between two entities. In this case, the act of consistently making horrible decisions and the NCAA are shaking hands and are therefore in solidarity. This refers to the NCAA's decision to not allow JMU to play in a bowl game.","The second side is a black-and-white swirl optical illusion.","Images from the 2012 U.S. Open bowling tournament during which professional bowler Pete Weber bowled a strike during the final frame and subsequently won the tournament. Famously, Weber launched into a celebratory fit and yelled the incoherent phrase \"Who do you think you are? I am!\" This illogical celebration became a popular internet meme.","One image features Weber in his bowling stance. The NCAA logo is superimposed onto Weber and the JMU logo is superimposed onto Weber's bowling ball. The second image shows Weber's celebration with Curt Cignett's face superimposed onto Weber's face.","Includes the hashtag #letusbowl.","Two-sided sign.","One side has a congratulatory theme due to ESPN College GameDay's 30th anniversary.","The other side identifies the sign creators as both JMU alumni and parents to a student at the University of Auburn.","Refers to the viral Tik Tok motivational catchphrase \"Never back down. Never What? Never give up\" made popular by Nick Eh 30, an online streamer. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog his muscles.","Refers to the JMU tradition of holding the door for others when entering and exiting a building.","Two-sided sign.","Primary side includes a comparison of the University of Michigan and JMU football teams and concludes that the NCAA does not make sense. Michigan's head football coach, Jim Harbaugh, is noted as having been twice suspended in 2023 for impermissible recruiting and chating while JMU's coach was not suspended at all. Michigan was involved in a cheating scandal while JMU was not. Despite all of this Michigan was bowl eligible while JMU was not thus the argument that the NCAA  is an illogical entity.","The second side reads \"JMU Duuukes\" which is a common chant among fans.","Festive sign that reads \"Fans For 40 Years - ESPN College GameDay - Go Dukes! - Beat App State.\" Created by Kenny Sothoron ('83) and Rebecca Woodcock Sothoron ('85).","Features a scene from SpongeBob SquarePants with Patrick Star and Tattletale Strangler who are both in jail. Michigan head football coach Jim Harbaugh's head is superimposed onto Patrick Star and the Duke Dog-JMU logo is superimposed on Tattletale Strangler. Patrick Star/Jim Harbaugh is asking Tattletale Strangler/JMU \"Hey pal, what're you in for?\" referencing Harbaugh's suspension for cheating and presumably JMU's sentence brought down by the NCAA of being bowl ineligible.","Two-sided sign.","One side states that enrolling for a sixth year of college was a wise choice due to ESPN College GameDay visiting campus as well as JMU being superior in all things. Includes \"Everything School\" logo in JMU colors.","Second side uses a turn of phrase regarding dogs and bowls to argue that JMU, whose mascot is a dog, should be eligible to play in a bowl game. Includes graphic of the Duke Dog and a bowl-shaped trophy with a clip-art picture of a peach on it which presumably refers to the Peach Bowl."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7db16ad7b8ea3ec44dbf745436fd4229\"\u003eThe ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The ESPN College GameDay Posters consist of 70 posters created for the 2015, 2017, and 2023 ESPN College GameDay braodcasts held on the campus of James Madison University. Two of the posters were made for the 2015 ESPN College GameDay against the Richmond Spiders. Fourteen of the posters were created for the 2017 ESPN College GameDay against the Villanova Wildcats. Fifty-four posters document the 2023 ESPN College GameDay against the Appalachian State Mountaineers."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century"],"persname_ssim":["Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison Dukes (Football team)","ESPN (Television network)","James Madison University -- Sports","James Madison University -- Football -- 21st century","National Collegiate Athletic Association","Jonas Brothers","Michigan Wolverines (Football team)","United States (Title of work: Constitution.)","Baha Men (Musical group)","Auburn University","Lee, Vad, 1993-","Alger, Jonathan R.","Rogers, Austin, 1978-","Withers,  Everett, 1963-","Newton, Cam, 1989-","Rodrigue, Jourdan","SquarePants SpongeBob, (Fictitious character) (1999-05-01)","Brown, Charlie, (Fictitious character) (1946-10-30)","Jonas, Joe, 1989-","Jonas, Kevin, 1987-","Ice Spice, 2000-","Jonas, Nick, 1992-","Herbstreit, Kirk","Harbaugh, Jim (James Joseph), 1963-","Turner, Sophie, 1996-","Howard, Desmond, 1970-","Swift, Taylor (Taylor Alison), 1989-","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Grogu, (Fictitious character)","Corso, Lee","Count, (Fictitious character from Sesame Street)","Weber, Pete, 1962-","Cignetti, Curt, 1961-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_693_c03"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"2024 Conference Video Recordings, 2024","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04","parent_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024","Conference Records, 1970/2024","2024 Conference: Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry, 2024"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"2024 Conference Video Recordings","title_ssm":["2024 Conference Video Recordings"],"title_tesim":["2024 Conference Video Recordings"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2024 Conference Video Recordings, 2024"],"text":["2024 Conference Video Recordings, 2024","Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024","Conference Records, 1970/2024","2024 Conference: Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry, 2024","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","Berry Media Group","Moore, Jessica Care","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Facknitz, Susan","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Harris, Duriel E.","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Singleton, Giovanni","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Jess, Tyehimba","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Obama, Barack","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Betts, Tara","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024","Conference Records, 1970/2024","2024 Conference: Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry, 2024"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024","Conference Records, 1970/2024","2024 Conference: Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry, 2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2024"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":843,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024"],"creator_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":19,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"corpname_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","Berry Media Group"],"persname_ssim":["Moore, Jessica Care","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Facknitz, Susan","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Harris, Duriel E.","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Singleton, Giovanni","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Jess, Tyehimba","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Obama, Barack","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Betts, Tara","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L."],"names_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","Berry Media Group","Moore, Jessica Care","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Facknitz, Susan","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Harris, Duriel E.","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Singleton, Giovanni","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Jess, Tyehimba","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Obama, Barack","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Betts, Tara","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L."],"date_range_isim":[2024],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_488.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/resources/488","title_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"title_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024"],"text":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024","UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488","United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)","Collection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","running time:","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Original audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting.","It is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Small Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.","Due to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system.","The collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.","Grants and Financial Files, 2004-2021\n      Publications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012\n      Events, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019\n      Conference Records, 1970-2015","The series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:","Sub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009Sub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007Sub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015","Event footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details.","\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml.","The Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:","The time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.","Many who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event.","Due to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.","In 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.","Today, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).","FFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.","The 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference.","Additional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found here.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"","In April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Video recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.","See \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.","See the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.","Arranged chronologically.","FFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.","Arranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.","This series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.","Arranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.","This series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.","One file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.","This series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.","Arranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.","This series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.","Opening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Michael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.","Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Poetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m.","Tape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.","Supercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.","Supercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Footage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Arranged alphabetically.","Materials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.","Opening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.","The first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","The second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Laureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","The third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.","Lifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.","Opening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Keynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026 Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.","The Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","A Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Dear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026 Work of Poet \u0026 Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Walk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Laureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","Magnitude \u0026 Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026 Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026 Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Growing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Black Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.","A Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Closing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.","Interview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","A copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection.","The following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.","A broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Jazz Ensemble","Berry Media Group","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Hodges, John L.","Wright, Steven","Facknitz, Susan","Brice-Finch, Jacqueline","Claiborne, C. B. (Claudius B.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Hunt, Doris","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Brown, Vernisha","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Traylor, Eleanor W.","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","Stover, Darrell \"SCIPOET\"","Drew, Shahara","Miller, Adam David (1922-10-08-2020-11-04)","Love, Monifa A.","Thompson, Mylea","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Ellis, Thomas Sayers (1963)","Keene, John (John R.), 1965-","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Phillips, Carl, 1959-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Joyce, Joyce Ann, 1949-","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Renegade, D. J.","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Brooks, Gwendolyn, 1917-2000","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Gayles, Gloria Jean Wade (19380701)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Patterson, Raymond R. (1929-12-14-2001-04-05)","Graham, Maryemma (1949-06-13)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Braxton, Joanne M. (1950)","Taylor, Clyde (1931-07-03-2024-01-24)","Steptoe, Lamont B., 1949-","Gillespie, Carmen (1965-06-17-2019-08-30)","Coates, Ta-Nehisi (Ta-Nehisi Paul) (1975-09-30)","Rice, Dorothy Marie, 1948-","Blackman, Toni","Alexander, Kwame (1968-08-21)","deGannes, Nehassaiu","Kein, Sybil (1939-09-29-2022-10-28)","Osbey, Brenda Marie (1957-12-12)","Iverem, Esther, 1960-","Saloy, Mona Lisa (19500701)","Drake, Jeannette M.","Fabu","Dance, Daryl Cumber (1938-01-17)","Trethewey, Natasha D., 1966-","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Beatty, Vera L.","Strange, Sharan (1959)","Young, Kevin (Kevin Lowell), 1970-","Gex, Quo Vadis","Bullock, Byron","Morris, Mellasenah Young","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Goven, Sandra","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Brown, Douglas T.","Harris, Trudier (1948-02)","Holladay, Hilary (1961-07-03)","Bolden, Tony","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Anderson, T. J., III, 1958-","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Baker, Houston A., Jr., 1943-","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Favorite, Malaika, 1949-","Pollard, Velma (1937-03-26)","Sanders, Mark A., 1963-","Dibinga, Omékongo","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Moore, Jessica Care","Boyd, Melba Joyce (1950-04-02)","Harris, William J., 1942-","Lansana, Quraysh Ali (1964-09-13)","Rambsy, Howard (1976)","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Thornhill, Samantha","Shannon, Angela","Ellis, Kelly Norman, 1964-","Jess, Tyehimba","Betts, Tara","Singleton, Giovanni","Harris, Duriel E.","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Sheba Queen","Moon, Kamilah Aisha (1972-09-05)","Martin, Dawn Lundy (1975)","Obadike, Mendi Lewis, 1973-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Nelson, Marilyn, 1946-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Warner, Mark R. (Mark Robert) (1954-12-15)","Allen, George, 1952-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","Okai, Atukwei, 1941-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Obama, Barack","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024"],"collection_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K."],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Hodges, John L.","Wright, Steven","Facknitz, Susan","Brice-Finch, Jacqueline","Claiborne, C. B. (Claudius B.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Hunt, Doris","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Brown, Vernisha","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Traylor, Eleanor W.","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","Stover, Darrell \"SCIPOET\"","Drew, Shahara","Miller, Adam David (1922-10-08-2020-11-04)","Love, Monifa A.","Thompson, Mylea","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Ellis, Thomas Sayers (1963)","Keene, John (John R.), 1965-","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Phillips, Carl, 1959-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Joyce, Joyce Ann, 1949-","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Renegade, D. J.","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Brooks, Gwendolyn, 1917-2000","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Gayles, Gloria Jean Wade (19380701)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Patterson, Raymond R. (1929-12-14-2001-04-05)","Graham, Maryemma (1949-06-13)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Braxton, Joanne M. (1950)","Taylor, Clyde (1931-07-03-2024-01-24)","Steptoe, Lamont B., 1949-","Gillespie, Carmen (1965-06-17-2019-08-30)","Coates, Ta-Nehisi (Ta-Nehisi Paul) (1975-09-30)","Rice, Dorothy Marie, 1948-","Blackman, Toni","Alexander, Kwame (1968-08-21)","deGannes, Nehassaiu","Kein, Sybil (1939-09-29-2022-10-28)","Osbey, Brenda Marie (1957-12-12)","Iverem, Esther, 1960-","Saloy, Mona Lisa (19500701)","Drake, Jeannette M.","Fabu","Dance, Daryl Cumber (1938-01-17)","Trethewey, Natasha D., 1966-","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Beatty, Vera L.","Strange, Sharan (1959)","Young, Kevin (Kevin Lowell), 1970-","Gex, Quo Vadis","Bullock, Byron","Morris, Mellasenah Young","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Goven, Sandra","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Brown, Douglas T.","Harris, Trudier (1948-02)","Holladay, Hilary (1961-07-03)","Bolden, Tony","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Anderson, T. J., III, 1958-","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Baker, Houston A., Jr., 1943-","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Favorite, Malaika, 1949-","Pollard, Velma (1937-03-26)","Sanders, Mark A., 1963-","Dibinga, Omékongo","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Moore, Jessica Care","Boyd, Melba Joyce (1950-04-02)","Harris, William J., 1942-","Lansana, Quraysh Ali (1964-09-13)","Rambsy, Howard (1976)","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Thornhill, Samantha","Shannon, Angela","Ellis, Kelly Norman, 1964-","Jess, Tyehimba","Betts, Tara","Singleton, Giovanni","Harris, Duriel E.","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Sheba Queen","Moon, Kamilah Aisha (1972-09-05)","Martin, Dawn Lundy (1975)","Obadike, Mendi Lewis, 1973-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Nelson, Marilyn, 1946-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Warner, Mark R. (Mark Robert) (1954-12-15)","Allen, George, 1952-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","Okai, Atukwei, 1941-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Obama, Barack","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Jazz Ensemble","Berry Media Group"],"creators_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Hodges, John L.","Wright, Steven","Facknitz, Susan","Brice-Finch, Jacqueline","Claiborne, C. B. (Claudius B.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Hunt, Doris","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Brown, Vernisha","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Traylor, Eleanor W.","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","Stover, Darrell \"SCIPOET\"","Drew, Shahara","Miller, Adam David (1922-10-08-2020-11-04)","Love, Monifa A.","Thompson, Mylea","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Ellis, Thomas Sayers (1963)","Keene, John (John R.), 1965-","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Phillips, Carl, 1959-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Joyce, Joyce Ann, 1949-","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Renegade, D. J.","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Brooks, Gwendolyn, 1917-2000","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Gayles, Gloria Jean Wade (19380701)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Patterson, Raymond R. (1929-12-14-2001-04-05)","Graham, Maryemma (1949-06-13)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Braxton, Joanne M. (1950)","Taylor, Clyde (1931-07-03-2024-01-24)","Steptoe, Lamont B., 1949-","Gillespie, Carmen (1965-06-17-2019-08-30)","Coates, Ta-Nehisi (Ta-Nehisi Paul) (1975-09-30)","Rice, Dorothy Marie, 1948-","Blackman, Toni","Alexander, Kwame (1968-08-21)","deGannes, Nehassaiu","Kein, Sybil (1939-09-29-2022-10-28)","Osbey, Brenda Marie (1957-12-12)","Iverem, Esther, 1960-","Saloy, Mona Lisa (19500701)","Drake, Jeannette M.","Fabu","Dance, Daryl Cumber (1938-01-17)","Trethewey, Natasha D., 1966-","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Beatty, Vera L.","Strange, Sharan (1959)","Young, Kevin (Kevin Lowell), 1970-","Gex, Quo Vadis","Bullock, Byron","Morris, Mellasenah Young","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Goven, Sandra","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Brown, Douglas T.","Harris, Trudier (1948-02)","Holladay, Hilary (1961-07-03)","Bolden, Tony","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Anderson, T. J., III, 1958-","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Baker, Houston A., Jr., 1943-","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Favorite, Malaika, 1949-","Pollard, Velma (1937-03-26)","Sanders, Mark A., 1963-","Dibinga, Omékongo","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Moore, Jessica Care","Boyd, Melba Joyce (1950-04-02)","Harris, William J., 1942-","Lansana, Quraysh Ali (1964-09-13)","Rambsy, Howard (1976)","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Thornhill, Samantha","Shannon, Angela","Ellis, Kelly Norman, 1964-","Jess, Tyehimba","Betts, Tara","Singleton, Giovanni","Harris, Duriel E.","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Sheba Queen","Moon, Kamilah Aisha (1972-09-05)","Martin, Dawn Lundy (1975)","Obadike, Mendi Lewis, 1973-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Nelson, Marilyn, 1946-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Warner, Mark R. (Mark Robert) (1954-12-15)","Allen, George, 1952-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","Okai, Atukwei, 1941-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Obama, Barack","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Jazz Ensemble","Berry Media Group"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center transferred these materials to Special Collections on May 16 and June 29, 2016. Subsequent transfers occurred in September 2017, September 2019, April 2023, and October 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.6 cubic feet 43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container"],"extent_tesim":["17.6 cubic feet 43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003erunning time:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","running time:","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Original audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIt is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["It is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSmall Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Information"],"appraisal_tesim":["Small Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.","Due to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGrants and Financial Files, 2004-2021\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePublications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEvents, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eConference Records, 1970-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEvent footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.","Grants and Financial Files, 2004-2021\n      Publications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012\n      Events, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019\n      Conference Records, 1970-2015","The series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:","Sub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009Sub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007Sub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015","Event footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToday, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History","Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:","The time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.","Many who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event.","Due to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.","In 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.","Today, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).","FFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.","The 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found \u003ca href=\"https://poets.org/text/brief-guide-dark-room-collective\"\u003ehere.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note"],"odd_tesim":["Additional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found here."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;695ef954-06ba-43a6-b341-cc3edf3fc1e6\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|695ef954-06ba-43a6-b341-cc3edf3fc1e6/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;9e242b35-14e6-4742-bd85-186794dcc4ec\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|9e242b35-14e6-4742-bd85-186794dcc4ec/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;ac68aac5-b304-45cc-aeb4-0905f8a57259\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ac68aac5-b304-45cc-aeb4-0905f8a57259/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL","Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL","Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access","Preservica Internal","Preservica Access","Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item, (including title and date)], [box #, folder # OR identifier], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","[Identification of item, (including title and date)], [box #, folder # OR identifier], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVideo recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"","In April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Video recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29908\"\u003eSam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29908\"\u003eSam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29910\"\u003eToi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29910\"\u003eToi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30039\"\u003eMichael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30040\"\u003eMichael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29907\"\u003eMari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29907\"\u003eMari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.","See the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A","Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026amp; Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026amp; Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026amp; Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026amp; Work of Poet \u0026amp; Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMagnitude \u0026amp; Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026amp; Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026amp; Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrowing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClosing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Contents","Contents","Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.","Arranged chronologically.","FFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.","Arranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.","This series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.","Arranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.","This series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.","One file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.","This series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.","Arranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.","This series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.","Opening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Michael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.","Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Poetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m.","Tape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.","Supercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.","Supercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux).","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale.","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Footage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Arranged alphabetically.","Materials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.","Opening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.","The first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","The second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Laureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","The third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.","Lifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.","Opening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Keynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026 Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.","The Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","A Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Dear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026 Work of Poet \u0026 Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Walk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Laureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","Magnitude \u0026 Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026 Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026 Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Growing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Black Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.","A Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Closing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.","Interview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection.","The following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.","A broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_45f28e16f5fdc8ade98243e65fa6eef4\"\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). 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(Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":883,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c04_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"2 inch Video Tapes","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02"],"id":"viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04106","_root_":"viu_viu04106","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04106_c10_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu04106_c10_c02","parent_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series X - Audio-Visual Records","Sub-series B - Video Tapes"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu04106","viu_viu04106_c10","viu_viu04106_c10_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"2 inch Video Tapes","title_ssm":["2 inch Video Tapes"],"title_tesim":["2 inch Video Tapes"],"normalized_title_ssm":["2 inch Video Tapes"],"text":["2 inch Video Tapes","Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series X - Audio-Visual Records","Sub-series B - Video Tapes"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series X - Audio-Visual Records","Sub-series B - Video Tapes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","Series X - Audio-Visual Records","Sub-series B - Video Tapes"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":32012,"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":17,"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:39:57.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu04106","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04106","_root_":"viu_viu04106","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04106","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu04106.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"text":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)","13900","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.","Box 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Any original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:","Series I: Senate Records\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Files\n        Sub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\n        Sub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\n        Sub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\n        Sub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\n        Sub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\n        Sub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\n        Sub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\n        Sub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\n        Sub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\n        Sub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\n        Sub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\n        Sub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\n        Sub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\n        Sub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\n        Sub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\n        Series II: Watergate Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\n        Sub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\n        Sub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\n        Series III: House of Representatives Files\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\n        Sub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\n        Sub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\n        Series IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\n        Sub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\n        Sub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\n        Sub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\n        Sub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\n        Sub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\n        Sub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\n        Series V: Gubernatorial Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\n        Sub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\n        Sub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\n        Sub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\n        Sub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\n        Sub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\n        Series VI: Weicker Family Records\n        Sub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\n        Sub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\n        Sub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\n        Series VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\n        Series VIII: Microfilms \n        Sub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\n        Sub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\n        Series IX: Photographic Materials\n        Sub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\n        Sub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\n        Sub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\n        Sub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\n        Series X: Audio-Visual Records\n        Sub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\n        Sub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\n        Sub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\n        Sub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\n        Series XI: Restricted Files\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\n        Sub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\n        Series XII: Memorabilia.\n        Series XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)","Lowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.","As a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.","Weicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.","Weicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.","Weicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.","Weicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.","Weicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.","During the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.","Weicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.","Weicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.","Weicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.","Weicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew.","This collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).","Series I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.","Series I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.","Series I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.","Series I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.","Series I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.","Series I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.","Series II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.","Series II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.","Series III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.","Series III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.","Series III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.","Series III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.","Series IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.","Series V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.","Series VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.","Series VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.","Series VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.","Series VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.","Series VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.","Series VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.","Series IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.","Series X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.","Series X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.","Series X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.","Series X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.","Series XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.","Series XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.","Series XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well.","See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                     1834-2010 (Bulk\n                    1942-1995)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["13900"],"unitid_tesim":["13900"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were donated to the University of Virginia by Lowell P. Weicker, Jr.\n                    in January 2007."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2119 Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["2119 Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n        ","\u003cp\u003eBox 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled.  For additional information, contact Special Collections.","Box 344, Folder 1 is closed to researchers until January 2036. Part of Box 1860,\n                    Folder 12 is closed to researchers until after Lowell Weicker's death. Series XI\n                    is closed to researchers until January 2086."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Any original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:","Series I: Senate Records\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Files\n        Sub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\n        Sub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\n        Sub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\n        Sub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\n        Sub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\n        Sub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\n        Sub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\n        Sub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\n        Sub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\n        Sub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\n        Sub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\n        Sub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\n        Sub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\n        Sub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\n        Sub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\n        Series II: Watergate Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\n        Sub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\n        Sub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\n        Series III: House of Representatives Files\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\n        Sub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\n        Sub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\n        Sub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\n        Series IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\n        Sub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\n        Sub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\n        Sub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\n        Sub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\n        Sub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\n        Sub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\n        Series V: Gubernatorial Records\n        Sub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\n        Sub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\n        Sub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\n        Sub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\n        Sub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\n        Sub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\n        Sub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\n        Sub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\n        Sub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\n        Sub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\n        Sub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\n        Series VI: Weicker Family Records\n        Sub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\n        Sub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\n        Sub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\n        Series VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\n        Series VIII: Microfilms \n        Sub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\n        Sub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\n        Series IX: Photographic Materials\n        Sub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\n        Sub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\n        Sub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\n        Sub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\n        Series X: Audio-Visual Records\n        Sub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\n        Sub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\n        Sub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\n        Sub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\n        Sub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\n        Series XI: Restricted Files\n        Sub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\n        Sub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\n        Sub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\n        Sub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\n        Series XII: Memorabilia.\n        Series XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAs a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWeicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lowell Palmer Weicker, Jr. was born in Paris, France on May 16, 1931 to Lowell Palmer\n                Weicker, Sr. and Mary Bickford Weicker. His father was a prominent American\n                industrialist, who in course of his career served as President and Chief Executive\n                Officer of E.R. Squibb and Sons, as President and Director of Northco Corporation,\n                and as Chief Executive Officer of Bigelow Sanford Carpet Company. Lowell Sr. also\n                had a distinguished military career, first serving as an intelligence officer with\n                the United States Army Air Force in Europe during World War II, then later as the\n                North Atlantic Treaty Organization's Assistant Secretary General for Production and\n                Logistics during the early 1950s.","As a child, Lowell Weicker Jr. attended Buckley School in New York, New York and\n                Culver Military Academy in Culver, Indiana. In 1949, he graduated from the\n                Lawrenceville School, a preparatory school in Lawrenceville, New Jersey. He attended\n                Yale University, where he developed an interest in politics, graduating in 1953 with\n                a B.A. in Political Science. Weicker served as a first lieutenant in the United\n                States Army from 1953 to 1955 and in the United States Army Reserve from 1959 to\n                1964. He graduated from the University of Virginia Law School in 1958, before moving\n                to Greenwich, Connecticut where he practiced law.","Weicker began his political career as a Republican at the state and local level in\n                Greenwich. He was elected as Greenwich's representative to the Connecticut General\n                Assembly in 1962, subsequently winning re-election to this office in 1964 and 1966.\n                While serving as State Representative, he was also elected as the Town of\n                Greenwich's First Selectman in 1963 and 1965.","Weicker's congressional career began in 1968 when he was elected as a Republican to\n                the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut's Fourth District.\n                Serving a single term in the House, he focused much of his attention on two issues\n                affecting Connecticut's Fourth District: urban renewal and transportation. In the\n                area of urban renewal, Weicker successfully drafted and introduced an amendment to\n                the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1969, which required one-for-one\n                replacement of housing units demolished for urban renewal projects. He sponsored the\n                Connecticut Transportation Act, which kept the bankrupt New Haven Railroad operating\n                until it merged with the Penn Central Railroad. While serving in the House, Weicker\n                supported the United States space program. He also advocated a bombing halt in the\n                Vietnam War and urged the United States initiation of peace talks to end the\n                conflict.","Weicker was elected to the United State Senate as a Republican in 1970 and was\n                re-elected in 1976 and 1982. In his Senate career, Weicker served on a number of\n                committees, including the Government Operations Committee, Committee on Commerce,\n                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Committee on Labor and Human Resources,\n                and Committee on Appropriations. He also served in a number of Senate leadership\n                positions, including as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business, Chairman of the\n                Subcommittee on Labor, Health, and Human Services, Chairman of the Subcommittee on\n                the Handicapped, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and\n                Supply.","Weicker rose to national prominence in 1973-1974 during the Senate's investigation of\n                the Watergate scandal, in which he actively participated as a minority member of the\n                Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. In course of the committee's\n                investigation, he emerged as a notable critic and opponent of the Nixon\n                administration. It was also during Watergate that Weicker earned a reputation as a\n                political maverick. For the remainder of his Senate career, he was frequently at\n                odds with the Republican Party leadership during a time period in which the party\n                was becoming increasingly conservative.","Weicker made a number of noteworthy legislative contributions during the 1970s.\n                Continuing his interest in rail transportation, he supported the formation and\n                funding of Amtrak and sponsored legislation providing federal assistance for the\n                rehabilitation and revitalization of the American rail network. Starting with the\n                1973-1974 Energy Crisis, Weicker was a firm proponent of energy conservation. As a\n                member of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, he supported legislation\n                designed to reduce American dependency upon foreign oil and encourage fossil fuel\n                conservation. In the aftermath of Watergate, Weicker sponsored Watergate reform\n                legislation, including bills pertaining to open government and intelligence\n                oversight. From 1975 onward, Weicker was a noted advocate for conservation of the\n                world's oceans. He helped draft and sponsored legislation pertaining to ocean\n                conservation efforts, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act of 1978. In\n                addition to his legislative work, Weicker was briefly a candidate for President in\n                the 1980 campaign.","During the 1980s, Weicker frequently sparred with the Reagan administration and the\n                conservative wing of the Republican Party over a number of policy issues. Continuing\n                his strong interest in ocean conservation and research, as a member of the Committee\n                on Appropriations, Weicker protected the National Oceanic and Atmospheric\n                Administration's marine research funding from proposed Reagan administration budget\n                cutbacks. Weicker and four other moderate Republican Senators known as “The Gang of\n                Five” stopped proposed cutbacks and eliminations affecting a number of federal\n                health and social programs, including the National Institutes of Health and the\n                Legal Services Corporation. In 1985, as Chairman of the Committee on Small Business,\n                he successfully opposed the Reagan administration's efforts to abolish the Small\n                Business Administration. A strong supporter of AIDS research, Weicker played an\n                instrumental role in obtaining federal funding for the Center of Disease Control's\n                and National Institutes of Health's clinical trials of the anti-AIDS drug AZT.\n                Throughout the 1980s, he actively opposed the Reagan administration and Republican\n                Party conservatives on a number of constitutional issues, including abortion, civil\n                rights, busing, and school prayer.","Weicker became a nationally-recognized advocate for the physically and mentally\n                handicapped. He considered his work in the area of handicapped legislation the most\n                significant achievements of his Senate tenure. Throughout the 1980s, as a member of\n                the Committee on Appropriations and as Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker protected federal disability programs from proposed budget cuts\n                by the Reagan administration. His efforts included the reauthorization and increased\n                funding of disability programs under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act\n                and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. As Chairman of the Subcommittee on the\n                Handicapped, Weicker conducted a Senate investigation on the state of mental\n                institutions in the United States, which uncovered numerous cases of neglect and\n                abuse of mental patients. Largely in response to the findings of this investigation,\n                he drafted and sponsored the Protection and Advocacy for the Mentally Ill Act, which\n                was signed into law in 1985. In 1988, Weicker introduced the legislation that became\n                the Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law in 1990 after Weicker\n                left the Senate.","Weicker was defeated by Democratic opponent Joseph Lieberman in 1988 and left office\n                in January 1989. Following his departure from the Senate, Weicker taught\n                constitutional law at George Washington University School of Law. He also served as\n                Chief Executive Officer of the non-profit medical research advocacy group Research!\n                America.","Weicker returned to politics as a third party candidate in the 1990 Connecticut\n                gubernatorial election. Running as the candidate of A Connecticut Party, a third\n                party he founded, Weicker won the governorship by defeating Republican John Rowland\n                and Democrat Bruce Morrison. When Weicker took office in January 1991, he inherited\n                a state budget deficit of $963 million. To address the financial shortfall, Weicker\n                introduced a budget that included a state income tax of 6 percent, which was met\n                with fierce opposition by both the voting public and the General Assembly. After a\n                protracted political stalemate, which included Weicker's veto of three General\n                Assembly budgets without an income tax and a three day interruption of state\n                services, the General Assembly passed a budget that included a 4.5 percent state\n                income tax on August 22, 1991. This state income tax took effect and the State of\n                Connecticut ended the next three fiscal years with a budget surplus. For this\n                accomplishment in the face of widespread opposition, he was awarded the John F.\n                Kennedy Library Foundation's Profiles in Courage Award in 1992. Weicker did not seek\n                re-election in 1994 and retired from the governorship in January 1995.","Weicker has three sons with his first wife Marie Louise “Bunny” Godfrey (1953-1977):\n                Scott, Gray, and Brian, as well as two sons with his second wife Camille Butler\n                (1977-1984): Sonny and Lowell III. In December 1984, Weicker married his third wife\n                Claudia Testa, who has two sons: Mason and Andrew."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Accession #13900, Special Collections,\n                    University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., Accession #13900, Special Collections,\n                    University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the political and personal papers of Lowell P. Weicker,\n                Jr., United States Congressman and Senator from Connecticut, and Governor of\n                Connecticut, 1834-2010 (Bulk 1942-1995), consisting of ca. 100,000 items (2119\n                Hollinger boxes, 14 Oversized boxes, ca. 911.0 linear feet).","Series I contains Lowell Weicker's United States Senate Records. This series is the\n                main focus of the collection and constitutes the bulk of the collection's materials.\n                It is arranged into fourteen sub-series.","Series I, Sub-series A contains Weicker's Washington Senate Office files. It is the\n                largest sub-series of the collection and is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject\n                Files, Staff Files, Correspondence Files, and Constituency Files. The Subject Files\n                are arranged alphabetically by topic, and they document the legislative activities\n                of Weicker on issues that were of concern to him during his Senate career, including\n                but not limited to legislation in support handicapped and mentally handicapped\n                individuals, the rights of small businesses, and environmental conservation of the\n                world's oceans. The Staff Files document the legislative and office activities of\n                nineteen members of Weicker's Washington staff, and they are arranged alphabetically\n                by staff member. The Correspondence Files contain the business and personal\n                correspondence generated and received by Weicker at his Washington Senate Office,\n                and they are arranged into Chronological Correspondence, Alphabetical\n                Correspondence, and CMS (Computer Mail System) Correspondence. The Chronological\n                Correspondence is arranged by year, the Alphabetical Correspondence is arranged\n                alphabetically by subject, and the CMS Correspondence is arranged numerically by CMS\n                Number. The Constituency Files document the activities of Weicker and his Washington\n                staff on behalf of his Connecticut constituents, and they are arranged into Staff\n                Files, Agency Files, Municipal Files, and Project Files.","Series I, Sub-series B contains Weicker's Bridgeport Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files,\n                Constituency Files, Photographs, and Appointment Books.","Series I, Sub-series C contains Weicker's Hartford Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, Staff\n                Files, Constituency Files, Clippings, Press Releases, Speeches and Statements,\n                Photographs, Miscellaneous, and Audio Cassettes.","Series I, Sub-series D contains Weicker's Waterbury Senate Office files. It is\n                arranged into the following sub-groups: Subject Files, Photographs, and\n                Miscellaneous.","Series I, Sub-series E-N contain a number of different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his Senate tenure. These sub-series are arranged in the\n                following order: E, Articles by Weicker; F, Clippings; G, Press Releases; H,\n                Speeches and Statements; I, Radio Tapes (scripts of Lowell Weicker radio\n                broadcasts); J, News Show Transcripts; K, Telelectures (Weicker's telephone lectures\n                to schools and senior citizen groups); L, Newsletters; M, Voting Records; and N,\n                Appointment Books.","Series II concerns Watergate and Weicker's participation in the Senate's\n                investigation of the scandal as a minority member of the Select Committee on\n                Presidential Campaign Activities. This series mainly contain photocopies of\n                materials made available to the Select Committee during the investigation (including\n                White House materials), photocopies of materials generated by the Select Committee,\n                and photocopies of materials generated by the press coverage of Watergate. The types\n                of photocopied materials found in the Watergate Records include but are not limited\n                to correspondence, memos, notes, transcripts, financial documents, legal documents,\n                government documents, reports, report drafts, press releases, and clippings. This\n                series also contains a significant amount original material produced by Lowell\n                Weicker and his Watergate aides, H. William Shure and Roy E. “Pete” Kinsey,\n                including but not limited to correspondence, memos, transcripts, and notes.","Series II is arranged into three subseries: Subject Files, Reports, and Pete Kinsey\n                Files. Sub-series A, Subject Files, documents the Select Committee's investigation\n                of the various subjects involved in Watergate. Sub-series B, Reports, mainly\n                concerns the Select Committee's drafting of its final report on Watergate and the\n                drafting of Weicker's personal report on the scandal. It also contains several\n                miscellaneous reports on Watergate and clippings files documenting Weicker's role in\n                the investigation. Sub-series C, Pete Kinsey Files, contains the files of Roy E.\n                “Pete” Kinsey, a former assistant to White Counsel John Dean, who became a Weicker\n                aide during the Watergate investigation and later assisted with Weicker's continued\n                investigation following President Richard Nixon's resignation. The folders in all\n                three sub-series are arranged alphabetically. Each individual document in this\n                series is listed in the finding aid.","Series III contains Lowell Weicker's United States House of Representatives Records.\n                It is arranged into eleven sub-series.","Series III, Sub-series A contains Weicker's House of Representatives subject files.\n                The files are arranged alphabetically by topic, and document the legislative efforts\n                of Weicker on the subjects that were of concern to him, including but not limited to\n                Connecticut issues and the United States space program.","Series III, Sub-series B contains the correspondence generated and received by\n                Weicker as a member of the House of Representatives. The correspondence files are\n                arranged into two sub-groups: Chronological Correspondence, which is arranged by\n                year, and Alphabetical Correspondence, which is arranged alphabetically by subject.\n                Of particular interest in this sub-series are the files concerning Connecticut rail\n                service, housing and urban development, and the Vietnam War.","Series III, Sub-series C-K contain the other different types of materials produced by\n                Weicker and his staff during his House of Representatives tenure. The sub-series are\n                arranged in the following order: C, Articles by Weicker; D, Clippings; E, Press\n                Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Radio Tapes; H, News Show Transcripts; I,\n                Newsletters; J, Voting Records; and K, Appointment Books.","Series IV contains Lowell Weicker's federal election campaign records. This series is\n                arranged chronologically into six sub-series by election campaign: A, 1968 House of\n                Representatives Campaign; B, 1970 Senatorial Campaign; C, 1976 Senatorial Campaign;\n                D, 1980 Presidential Campaign; E, 1982 Senatorial Campaign; and F, 1988 Senatorial\n                Campaign. The files under each sub-series are arranged alphabetically. The contents\n                of the campaign records consist of subject files, correspondence, financial files,\n                briefing books, speeches and statements, press releases, clippings, and campaign\n                memorabilia.","Series V concerns Lowell Weicker's tenure as Governor of Connecticut. This series\n                mainly focuses on Weicker's successful 1990 gubernatorial campaign, but also\n                contains materials pertaining to his governorship. It is arranged into fourteen\n                sub-series: A, Subject Files; B, Correspondence; C, Articles by Weicker; D,\n                Clippings; E, Press Releases; F, Speeches and Statements; G, Transcripts; H, 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records; I, Photographs; J, Audio Visual Materials\n                (consisting of audio cassettes and VHS video tapes); K, Voting Records; L,\n                Miscellaneous; and M, Appointment Books. Of particular interest are the 1990\n                Gubernatorial Campaign Records, which document a rare example of a successful third\n                party gubernatorial campaign.","Series VI contains the Weicker Family Records. This series is divided into three\n                sub-series: A, Lowell Weicker Sr. Files; B, Lowell Weicker Jr. Files; and C, Weicker\n                Family Files.","Series VI, Sub-series A contains the personal papers of Lowell Weicker, Sr., a\n                prominent American industrialist and military officer. These files are arranged into\n                three sub-groups: Subject Files, Correspondence Files, and Miscellaneous. The\n                Subject Files mostly concern Lowell Sr.'s military and business career, including\n                files documenting his service in the U.S. Army Air Force and the North Atlantic\n                Treaty Organization, and his tenure as President and Director of Northco\n                Corporation. The Correspondence Files contain Weicker, Sr.'s correspondence with his\n                large and distinguished social and professional circle, including but not limited to\n                20th century notables such as New York Governor Thomas E. Dewey, actor Douglas\n                Fairbanks Jr., U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, and United States Army Air\n                Force General Carl Spaatz.","Series VI, Sub-series B contains personal files belonging to Lowell Weicker, Jr. and\n                is arranged into four sub-groups: Subject Files, Clippings, Speeches and Statements,\n                and Miscellaneous. This series consists mostly of materials produced by Weicker\n                after his 1995 retirement from politics, but also contains a few items from his\n                senatorial career.","Series VI, Sub-series C contains a handful of items pertaining to the history of the\n                Weicker Family.","Series VII contains writer Barry Sussman's research files for Weicker's autobiography\n                Maverick. These files are arranged alphabetically by subject.","Series VIII contains microfilms of correspondence generated and received by Weicker\n                as both a United States Representative and a United State Senator. This series is\n                arranged into two sub-series: A, Camera Ready Copy and B, Working Copy. Both\n                sub-series are arranged alphabetically.","Series IX contains photographic materials and is arranged into four sub-series: A,\n                Photographs; B, Negatives; C, Slides; and D, Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks. It\n                contains images of Weicker at work and leisure throughout his political career,\n                including individual portraits, his family, constituents, interns, and staff\n                members. This series contains images of Weicker with a number of his political\n                contemporaries, including Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan,\n                and fellow Senators Edward Kennedy, Sam Ervin, and Barry Goldwater. There are also\n                images of Weicker with 20th century notables, including Fidel Castro and Frank\n                Sinatra. Individual images of 20th century notables (including Jimmy Carter, Ronald\n                Reagan, and Pearl Bailey) and other miscellaneous images (including slides from\n                Weicker's mid 1980s investigation of American mental institutions) are in this\n                series as well.","Series X contains audio-visual materials and is arranged into seven sub-series: A,\n                Audio Tapes; B, Video Tapes; C, Motion Pictures; D, Dictation Disks; E, Phonograph\n                Records; F, DVDs; and G, Campaign Video Tapes.","Series X, Sub-series A contains audio tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into two sub-groups: Audio Cassettes and Reel to Reel Tapes. It includes sound\n                recordings of Weicker produced in the course of his congressional career, including\n                interviews, news show appearances, speeches and statements, Senate debates and\n                testimony, campaign appearances, and campaign spots. This sub-series also contains\n                recordings of Weicker's 1970s telelectures to schools and senior citizens groups.\n                Recordings pertaining to Weicker's investigation of American mental institutions\n                during the mid 1980s and a handful of other miscellaneous recordings are also found\n                in this sub-series.","Series X, Sub-series B contains video tapes which are arranged by recording format\n                into the following sub-groups: 1-Inch, 2-Inch, Beta, U-Matic, U-Matic S, and VHS. It\n                contains video recordings of Weicker produced during his congressional and\n                gubernatorial career, including interviews, news show appearances, speeches and\n                statements, Senate debates and testimony, press conferences, campaign debates, and\n                campaign spots. Recordings of miscellaneous news show broadcasts, documentaries, and\n                public service programs are in this sub-series as well.","Series X, Sub-series C consists of 16 mm motion picture films, including several\n                featuring Weicker and two films concerning the Apollo moon missions. Sub-series D\n                consists of three dictation disks of Weicker radio broadcasts. Sub-series E consists\n                of William Dixon's 45 rpm phonograph record Why? - It Don't Make Sense (You Can't\n                Make Peace)/It's in the News. Sub-series F contains the DVD disk The 20th\n                Anniversary of ADA, Human Rights in Progress. Sub-series G contains eighteen 1-inch\n                video tapes of campaign spots from Weicker's 1988 Senatorial Campaign.","Series XI contains Weicker's restricted records. This series is arranged into the\n                following four sub-series: A, Washington Office; B, Bridgeport Office; and C,\n                Hartford Office; and D, Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files.","Series XI, Sub-series A-C contain Weicker's constituent files from his Washington,\n                Bridgeport, and Hartford offices. They are of historical interest because they\n                provide a documentary cross section of Weicker's constituency during his tenure in\n                the Senate. The files shed light on the economic, social, and political issues\n                affecting Connecticut residents on an individual basis during the 1970s and 1980s.\n                They also document the efforts of Weicker's staff to address and resolve matters\n                brought to their attention by individual constituents. Sub-series A-C are arranged\n                alphabetically. Due to legal and privacy considerations, the files in Sub-series A-C\n                are closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XI, Sub-series D contains miscellaneous documents which have been withdrawn\n                from the collection. The materials in this sub-series mainly concern constituent\n                matters. The documents in this sub-series are cross-referenced with the files and\n                boxes from which they were withdrawn from and the files are arranged by box and\n                folder number. This sub-series is closed to researchers until January 2086.","Series XII consists of memorabilia, such as plaques, awards, and trophies.","Series XIII mainly consists of oversized items concerning the life and political\n                career of Lowell Weicker, including photographs of Weicker, 1990 Gubernatorial\n                Campaign memorabilia, political cartoons, awards, posters, signed letters with bill\n                signing pens from Presidents Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, and Ronald Reagan, and\n                other miscellaneous personal mementoes. A few oversized items not directly\n                concerning Weicker include photographs, maps, posters, and miscellaneous\n                memorabilia. A handful of oversized audio-visual materials, including a 16 mm film\n                of the Apollo 8 moon mission, a 2-inch video tape of Representative Stewart McKinney\n                debating on the floor of the House of Representatives, and three 2-inch video tapes\n                of Lowell Weicker debating on the Senate floor during the early 1970s are included\n                in this series as well."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n            \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":32379,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:39:57.361Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAny original order has been preserved as much as possible. Files with no discernible\n                order have been organized with similar types of material. These papers are arranged\n                in twelve series, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Senate Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Washington Office Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 1: Subject Files (Boxes 1-469)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 2: Staff Files (Boxes 470-974)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 3: Correspondence Files (Boxes 975-1474)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-group 4: Constituency Files (Boxes 1475-1489)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Bridgeport Office Files (Boxes 1490-1505)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Hartford Office Files (Boxes 1506-1537)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Waterbury Office Files (Box 1538)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1539-1540)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Clippings (Boxes 1541-1578)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Press Releases (Boxes 1579-1594)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1595-1625)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Radio Tapes (Box 1626)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: News Show Transcripts (Box 1627)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Telelectures (Box 1628)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series L: Newsletters (Boxes 1629)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series M: Voting Records (Boxes 1630-1635)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series N: Appointment Books (Boxes 1636-1648)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Watergate Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1649-1673)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Reports (Boxes 1674-1683)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Pete Kinsey Files (Box 1684)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III: House of Representatives Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1685-1696)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Correspondence Files (Boxes 1697-1769)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Boxes 1769-1770)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1770-1771)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Press Releases (Boxes 1771-1776)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1776-1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Radio Tapes (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: News Show Transcripts (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Newsletters (Box 1777)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: Voting Records (Boxes 1777-1778)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Appointment Books (Box 1778)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Federal Election Campaign Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: 1968 House of Representatives Campaign (Boxes 1779-1780)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: 1970 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1781-1789)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: 1976 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1790-1792)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: 1980 Presidential Campaign (Boxes 1793-1794)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: 1982 Senatorial Campaign (Boxes 1795-1810)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: 1988 Senatorial Campaign (Box 1811)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V: Gubernatorial Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Subject Files (Boxes 1812-1815)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Correspondence (Box 1816)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Articles by Weicker (Box 1816)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Clippings (Boxes 1816-1819)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Press Releases (Box 1819)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: Speeches and Statements (Boxes 1819-1821)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Transcripts (Box 1821)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series H: 1990 Gubernatorial Campaign Records (Boxes 1821-1829)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series I: Photographs (Box 1830)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series J: Audio-Visual Materials (Boxes 1831-1834)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series K: Voting Records (Box 1835)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series L: Miscellaneous (Box 1835)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series M: Appointment Books (Boxes 1836-1837)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Weicker Family Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Lowell Weicker Sr. Files (Boxes 1838-1857)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Lowell Weicker Jr. Files (Boxes 1858-1859)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Weicker Family Files (Box 1859)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII: Barry Sussman Records (Boxes 1860-1866)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Microfilms \u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Camera Ready Copy (Boxes 1867-1879)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Working Copy (Boxes 1880-1886)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Photographic Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Photographs (Boxes 1887-1901)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Negatives (Boxes 1902-1904)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Slides (Box 1905)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Photograph Albums and Scrapbooks (Box 1906)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X: Audio-Visual Records\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Audio Tapes (Boxes 1907-1930)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Video Tapes (Boxes 1930-1966)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Motion Pictures (Boxes 1967-1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Dictation Disks (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series E: Phonograph Records (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series F: DVD Disks (Box 1969)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series G: Campaign One Inch Video Tapes (Boxes 1970-1972)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI: Restricted Files\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series A: Washington Office Case Files (Boxes 1973-2045)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series B: Bridgeport Office Case Files (Boxes 2046-2097)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series C: Hartford Office Case Files (Boxes 2098-2112)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSub-series D: Miscellaneous Withdrawn Files (Boxes 2113-2119)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII: Memorabilia.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII: Oversized (Boxes S-101 to S-102, T-42 to T-51, U-14 to\n                    U-15)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04106_c10_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"A, 1956/1967","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02","parent_ssim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923/1968, bulk 1950/1968"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"A","title_ssm":["A"],"title_tesim":["A"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A, 1956/1967"],"text":["A, 1956/1967","Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923/1968, bulk 1950/1968"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923/1968, bulk 1950/1968"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923/1968, bulk 1950/1968"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/1967"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1967, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":5193,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:03.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1409.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","title_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"title_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-2004","(bulk 1919-1969)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-2004"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1919-1969)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969"],"text":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969","Ms.1985.004","Virginia, Southwest","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion","The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.","This folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Duplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","The collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969), is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).","Within each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order.","The number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject.","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968), is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Series III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969, is divided by creator. \n\nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n\nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n\nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n\nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n\nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.","Series IV. Record books, 1866-1973, are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n\nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.","Series V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s], is divided by format and arranged chronologically.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.","This group of materials was tied together and remains in original order.","The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","Robert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools.","In 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education.","William Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer.","Bishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric.","For more information on the early history of the Diocese, see Hills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938 by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979).","The guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","These photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.","The processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","See the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018 and Bishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).","The Archives of the Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the Episcopal Appalachian Ministries (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","The records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.","Some documents are numbered 259.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.","Includes photographs and undated newsclippings.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.","Some documents are numbered 228.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes newsclippings and photographs.","Includes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.","Some documents are numbered 155.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.","Some documents are numbered 232.","Includes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.","Some documents are numbered 154.","Includes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.","Includes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.","Includes material regarding renovation.","Includes historical information.","Includes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.","Contains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.","Includes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.","Includes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.","Includes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.","Includes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.","These files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Includes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.","Contains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.","Contains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.","Contains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.","Contains typed financial lists.","Contains loose financial lists and a membership record.","Contains expense report.","Contains expense report.","Contains calculations of Official Acts.","Contains report form.","Contains summary and letter.","Contains summaries and notes.","Contains notes.","Contains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.","Contains letters and notes.","Contains letter and financial notes.","Contains report and notes.","Contains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.","Contains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.","Contains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.","Contains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.","Contains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.","Contains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.","Loose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.","Contains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)","Some items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.","Contains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.","Photographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.","Postcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.","Mounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.","A couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.","Booklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3.","The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Franklin County Virginia, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the County News, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","Annual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council, 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.","Restricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.","These materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.","The following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection: Franklin County Virginia, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the County News, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese.","Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969"],"collection_ssim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, 1866/2004, bulk 1919/1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1985.004"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1985.004"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Southwest"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"creator_ssm":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee"],"creators_ssim":["Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were permanently deposited to Special Collections and University Archives by the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia in 1985. A small initial deposit was made in 1976, and additional materials were received from 1989 thru 1992. Some materials were accessioned in 2012 and 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["148.3 Cubic Feet 109 boxes, 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["148.3 Cubic Feet 109 boxes, 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.","This folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/lh/episcopal\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Duplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969),\u003c/emph\u003e is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968),\u003c/emph\u003e is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969,\u003c/emph\u003e is divided by creator. \n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV. Record books, 1866-1973,\u003c/emph\u003e are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s],\u003c/emph\u003e is divided by format and arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was tied together and remains in original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969), is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).","Within each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order.","The number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject.","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968), is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Series III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969, is divided by creator. \n\nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n\nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n\nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n\nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n\nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.","Series IV. Record books, 1866-1973, are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n\nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n\nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.","Series V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s], is divided by format and arranged chronologically.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.","This group of materials was tied together and remains in original order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor more information on the early history of the Diocese, see \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938\u003c/emph\u003e by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","Robert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools.","In 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education.","William Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer.","Bishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric.","For more information on the early history of the Diocese, see Hills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938 by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General note"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","These photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, Ms1985-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, Ms1985-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.","The processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2658.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eEpiscopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1439.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eBishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.episcopalarchives.org/\"\u003eArchives of the Episcopal Church\u003c/a\u003e in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.episcopalarchives.org/episcopal-appalachian-ministries\"\u003eEpiscopal Appalachian Ministries\u003c/a\u003e (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018 and Bishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).","The Archives of the Episcopal Church in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the Episcopal Appalachian Ministries (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 259.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photographs and undated newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 228.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newsclippings and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 155.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 232.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 154.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material regarding renovation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes historical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains typed financial lists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains loose financial lists and a membership record.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains expense report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains expense report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains calculations of Official Acts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains report form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains summary and letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains summaries and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letters and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letter and financial notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains report and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePostcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.","Some documents are numbered 259.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.","Includes photographs and undated newsclippings.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.","Some documents are numbered 228.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes newsclippings and photographs.","Includes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.","Some documents are numbered 155.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.","Some documents are numbered 232.","Includes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.","Some documents are numbered 154.","Includes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.","Includes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.","Includes material regarding renovation.","Includes historical information.","Includes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.","Contains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.","Includes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.","Includes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.","Includes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.","Includes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.","These files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Includes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.","Contains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.","Contains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.","Contains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.","Contains typed financial lists.","Contains loose financial lists and a membership record.","Contains expense report.","Contains expense report.","Contains calculations of Official Acts.","Contains report form.","Contains summary and letter.","Contains summaries and notes.","Contains notes.","Contains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.","Contains letters and notes.","Contains letter and financial notes.","Contains report and notes.","Contains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.","Contains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.","Contains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.","Contains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.","Contains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.","Contains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.","Loose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.","Contains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)","Some items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.","Contains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.","Photographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.","Postcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.","Mounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.","A couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.","Booklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCounty News\u003c/title\u003e, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAnnual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council\u003c/title\u003e, 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRestricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCounty News\u003c/title\u003e, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Franklin County Virginia, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the County News, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","Annual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council, 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.","Restricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.","These materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.","The following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection: Franklin County Virginia, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the County News, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_52cedd4dc03978bee672483539080186\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e41de8798ebe8031e9bc85628b950749\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee"],"names_coll_ssim":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"persname_ssim":["Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":5393,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:03.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"A-C","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnderson, William A.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAppalachian Geology\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAugusta Mill \u0026amp; Merchantile Co.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlacksburg, Town of\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBockee, John J.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrown, J. Wilcox\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCalcite \u0026amp; Aragmite Experiements\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCampbell, M. R.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCaves\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCement\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCement--thesis\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCharts \u0026amp; Maps\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Railway Co.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCline, W. S.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurd, William C.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03","parent_ssim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945","Series III: General Files"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03"],"title_filing_ssi":"A-C","title_ssm":["A-C"],"title_tesim":["A-C"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A-C"],"text":["A-C","Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945","Series III: General Files","box 1","Anderson, William A.\nAppalachian Geology\nAugusta Mill \u0026 Merchantile Co.\nBlacksburg, Town of\nBockee, John J.\nBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\nBrown, J. Wilcox\nCalcite \u0026 Aragmite Experiements\nCampbell, M. R.\nCaves\nCement\nCement--thesis\nCharts \u0026 Maps\nChesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway Co.\nCline, W. S.\nClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\nCurd, William C.\nCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945","Series III: General Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945","Series III: General Files"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":24,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnderson, William A.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAppalachian Geology\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAugusta Mill \u0026amp; Merchantile Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBlacksburg, Town of\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBockee, John J.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBrown, J. Wilcox\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCalcite \u0026amp; Aragmite Experiements\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCampbell, M. R.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCaves\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCement\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCement--thesis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCharts \u0026amp; Maps\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Railway Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCline, W. S.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCurd, William C.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Anderson, William A.\nAppalachian Geology\nAugusta Mill \u0026 Merchantile Co.\nBlacksburg, Town of\nBockee, John J.\nBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\nBrown, J. Wilcox\nCalcite \u0026 Aragmite Experiements\nCampbell, M. R.\nCaves\nCement\nCement--thesis\nCharts \u0026 Maps\nChesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway Co.\nCline, W. S.\nClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\nCurd, William C.\nCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:44:57.607Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1374.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Holden, Roy Jay, Papers","title_ssm":["Roy Jay Holden Papers"],"title_tesim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1945"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1904/1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945"],"text":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945","Ms.1982.014","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","Materials are organized into three series:","Series I: Professional Papers includes notes, manuscripts, Geology Department records, and a CV.","Series II: Subject Files contains materials collected on various topics relating to geology and mines, particularly in Virginia.","Series III: General Files includes correspondence, notes, and information on individuals and companies.","Roy Jay Holden was born to Harvey Jay and Sarah Diana (Danforth) Holden on October 21, 1870 in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin. He married Elizabeth Evans (1888-1967), and they had several children: Virginia S., Elizabeth F., and Roy Jay, Jr..","Holden earned B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Wisconsin in 1900 and 1915, respectively. He joined Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI) as an associate professor of Geology and Mineralogy (sometimes called Mining Geology) in 1905, becoming a professor in 1908. He served as the head of the department from 1908 until his death. Holden died on December 16, 1945, and is buried alongside his wife in the Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg, Virginia.","The Mineral Industries Building at VPI was renamed Holden Hall in honor of Holden in 1949.","External source:","U.S. Federal Census, 1880, 1920-1940","\"Roy Jay Holden\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69582162/roy-jay-holden, accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Holden Hall\", Virginia Tech, https://www.vt.edu/about/locations/buildings/holden-hall.html, accessed April 22, 2024.","Roy Jay Holden death certificate, in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2373370:9278, accessed April 22, 2024.","The guide to the Roy Jay Holden Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","An inventory of the Roy Jay Holden Papers was completed after their donation. Additional description was completed in January 2011, when the finding aid was created.","VT Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the papers of Holden's son, Roy Jay Holden, Jr. Papers, Ms1991-023.","Additional records from the Geological Sciences Department are available in Record Group 15/12. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","The Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department.","Africa\n\"Aladdin Was a Piker\"\n\"Algonkian Formations in the Blue Ridge of Virginia\"\n\"Animals of the Past\"\n\"Appalachian Alluvial Diamonds\"\nAurora Borealis\nAutomobile Touring--1930, 1936, 1937\nCanadian Northland, Tales of, 1938\n\"Touring in Ontario\" (Canada)\nCoal: \"Origin of Coal\"\nCoal: Coal Map of Virginia, Discussion of, for Virginia Planning Board\nCoal: \"A Visit to a Coal Mine,\" 1931\nCoal: Underground trip--Pocahontas Fuel Co.\nCommencement address, 1945: \"To Think or Not to Think\"\nColorado River, The\nColumbia Lavas, The, 1930\n\"Conservation of Natural Resources,\" 1932\n\"Dust\" (Atmospheric), 1933\n\"Earth, Looking into the,\" 1930\nEarth, Tales of the\nFenstreams\nFirst Families of America\nF.F.V.\nGeology Recitations, 1933: What is geology? (Ja. 12): Piedmont Section of Virginia; (Mar. 9): General questions about geology; (May 11): \"How do mountains grow?\" etc.; (June 8): Geology trip.\nGas Well, Virginia's First (4 pp.), 1932\nGems\nGenesis vs. Geology\nGlacier National Park, 1930\nGold, 1935, 1938\nHelictites in Virginia\nImperial Valley, The (Southern California) (3 pp.)\nIron in Virginia, Mining \u0026 Manufacturing of (4 pp.), 1931, 1944\nIron Gate Gap (4 pp.), 1932\nInorganic Resources of Virginia, Utilization of, in Chemical Manufacture (Arsenopyrite; Portland \u0026 Natural Cements; Lime; Gypsum; Salt; Sulphuric Acid; Manganese; Ceramic Materials; Nitrate; Copper; Lead \u0026 Zinc) (5 pp.)\nMagmatic Carbonation - Carbothermal Metamorphism\nMetallic Resources of Virginia\nNatural Bridge National Forest, 1931\nNational Resources, Conservation of, 1932\nNarrows, The (3 pp.), 1931\nNew River (\"Our Oldest River\"), 1931\nNon-Ferrous Metals in Virginia, 1931\n\"Origin of Life\"\nPetroleum in Virginia, 1930\nPhi Kappa Phi, Talk before, 1936\nPiedmont, Virginia, Geology of (8 pp.), 1933\n\"Plant Life Though the Ages\" (8 pp.)\nPrehistory (13 pp.), \"Measuring Prehistoric Time,\" 1937\n'Punch Jones' Sparkler\nRocky Mountains, The\n\"Sic Transit Gloria Mundi\" (7 pp.), 1943, Phi Kappa Phi\nStamp Collection, The Hobby of, 1936\nStarch Manufacture in Virginia, 1931\nUnderground trip--see Coal (above)\nWater (\u0026 chlorine)\nWater Power, Virginia (4 pp.), 1932\nWater, Yellow Sulphur Spring, Origin of the Sulphate\nMiscellaneous","History of the Iron Ore Industry of the United States (typescript of Holden's doctoral dissertation for the University of Wisconsin, 1915; 506 pp.)","30 small notebooks, many dealing with Virginia Geological Survey, including:\n\n1905: #1-3, 5\n1906: #4, 6, x\n1907: #7, x, Carnegie work\n1908: #1\n1909: #3-7, 7a, x\n1910: #8, 10-11\n1912: Zinc\n1914: #12\n1919: #13\n1929: \"Red notebook\"\nHistory notes 1-3\nOre \u0026 furnaces\nHistorical notes","Before 1920\n1920-1923\n1924-1928\nRequisitions, 1926\n1929\nRequisitions, 1934\nRequisitions, 1939\nRequisitions, 1943\nAppropriations \u0026 Budgets, 1909-1936\nAppropriations \u0026 Budgets, 1938-1945\nPayrolls, 1909-1945\nExpense Accounts","Box 2\nAlleghany Ore \u0026 Iron Company\nAnalyses--List of samples tested\nAnalyses--Penniman \u0026 Brown\nAppalachian Iron Company, Big Stone Gap\nBibliography of Virginia Iron Ores\nCacapon Sandstone as an Iron Ore\nCatalog of State Reports\nChemistry of Virginia Iron Ores\nDouthat Survey\nField note, VGS 1906-1911 (Virginia Geological Survey)\nGeological Survey letters--Bevan, McGill, Giles, Nelson, Warwick\nIron Ores (Virginia)\nIron Ores in Virginia \u0026 Iron Ores West of the Blue Ridge\nIron Sulphate","Box 3\nManganese Ore in Virginia \u0026 West Virginia\nManganese\nMetallic Mineral Resources of Virginia\nMethods of Analyses\nNorfolk \u0026 Western Railway\nOriskany Ore and Iron Company\nPulaski Iron Company\nReports\nRobinson, Heath\nSolution of the Iron\nSpecular Ores (Historical)\nVirginia Railway\nWalker Mountain--Pulaski (Caldwell, J. E.)","Tests on Burning Limestone\nLaws on Lime (Agriculture)\nLetters, miscellaneous\nSamples, list of contributors\nMarl\nMethods\nNational Lime Association\nReports\nRiverton\nSample Numbers\nSizing Tests\nTemperature Test\nWhite Rock Quarry Company\nAnalyses\nBags\nWeight Experiment\nWeights of Lime in Storage","Andis\nArcadia\nAustinville\nAustralia\nBack Valley\nBailey Crockett\nBarber\nBare Bank/Crozier/Blue Bank/Red Mountain\nBarren Springs and Bertha\nBess\nBig Hill\nBlack Rock\nBoyer\nBozoo Well Samples\nCallie\nCamp Prospect\nCarter Bank\nCharter Oak\nChestnut Knob (Henry County)\nCircle\nClarke Bank\nClayton (Pulaski County)\nCoffee\nColumbia and Liberty\nCrawford\nCrescent\nCrimora\nDixie Limonite\nDolly Ann\nDouthat Survey (Haynes \u0026 Moore tract, Alleghany County)\nEstelline\nEva\nFarris\nFenwick\nFerrol\nFoster Falls","Gannaway\nGarrison\nGiven\nHannah Forrer\nHematite\nHenderson\nHenrietta\nHepler\nHiden\nHome Bank (Musser Bank, Buchanan, Wynne)\nHurst of Buckeye\nIndian Camp\nIron Mountain\nIvanhoe\nJackson\nWilliam Jackson\nJohnson\nKennedy\nKimball\nKunkle (Augusta County)\nLiberty (Shennandoah County)\nLignite\nLittle Wythe\nLocust  Hill\nLongdale Iron Co. (houses Low Moor)\nLow Moor\nMartin Bank\nMcCormick\nMerica\nMerrimac (Montgomery County)\nMills Bank\nMine Run (Shennandoah County)\nMorris\nMount Torry\nNorma\nOriskany\nPatterson\nPercival\nPit Spring\nPoplar Camp\nPorter Bank\nPorter\nPosey\nPrincess Furnace Co. (Glen Wilton)\nPulaski\nRed Hill\nRed Mountain\nReed Island\nRich Hill\nRich Patch\nRileyville\nRoaring Run\nRumsey","Sanders\nSimmerman\nSmyth\nSpec\nStack\nSwecker\nTipton\nUnder Rock\nVan Buren\nVaughn (Shennandoah County)\nWalton\nWhite Rock\nWilton","Basalt; Bauxite; Clays; Copper; Dufrenite; Feldspar; Franklinite; Gold; Ilemite; Pegmatite-Moorefield; Pheancite in Amelia County; Platinum; Potash; Quartz; Spessarite; Staurolite-Fairy Stone; Tantalite; Titanium; Vanadium; Viviante; Waverlite; Zinc.","Anderson, William A.\nAppalachian Geology\nAugusta Mill \u0026 Merchantile Co.\nBlacksburg, Town of\nBockee, John J.\nBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\nBrown, J. Wilcox\nCalcite \u0026 Aragmite Experiements\nCampbell, M. R.\nCaves\nCement\nCement--thesis\nCharts \u0026 Maps\nChesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway Co.\nCline, W. S.\nClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\nCurd, William C.\nCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)","Daily, D. T.\nDams, Damsites \u0026 Reservoirs\nDillon's Sons, E.\nEchols, W. M.\nEngineering Experiment Station\nExperimental Results (Lime)\nField notes\nFirmstone, H.\nFischer, Alfred George\nForrer, Samuel\nFossils\nGeological Survey (Virginia) letters\nGoshen Iron Co.\nGraham, David\nHarvey, A. W.\nIndex to manuscript--Industrial Development\nJones, Catesby (chief chemist, state)\nJordan, S. H.\nJung, E. L.\nKimbalton Lime Co.\nLetters, miscellaneous\nLetters from outside the state of Virginia\nLow Moor Iron Co.","Manuscript--cutlines for figures\nMatthews, A. L.\nMeteorites\nMiscellaneous\nNewport News Ship \u0026 Dry Dock Co.\nPatents\nPechin, Edmund C., report\nPersinger, A. W.\nPulaski Fault\nPunch Jones Diamond\nRaymond, R. W.\nRiley Bill 1943\nRoanoke Cinder Block Co.\nRocks","Sinking Creek\nSkyline Parkway\nSoils \u0026 Soil Conservation\nSprings (mineral)\nState Planning Board--discussion of map\nStratigraphy\nVirginia Elements of Natural Environment\nVPI\u0026SU\nVulcanism\nWater (Springs \u0026 wells)\nWatson, Dr. T. L.","Alleghany\nAugusta\nBath \u0026 Bedford\nBotetourt\nBland\nBuchanan \u0026 Dickerson\nClarke\nCraig\nFrederick\nGiles\nHighland\nLee\nMontgomery\nPage\nPulaski\nRoanoke\nRockbridge\nRockingham\nRussell\nScott\nShennandoah (\u0026 Warren)\nSmyth\nTazewell\nWashington\nWise\nWythe","Grace Furnace\nPrincess Furnace Co.--Botetourt County\nVan Buren Furnace\nVernon Furnace (Grottoes Iron Co.)\nVirginia Iron \u0026 Coal Co.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department, where Holden (1870-1945) taught from 1905 until his death.","Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Jay Holden Papers, 1904/1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1982.014"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1982.014"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945"],"creator_ssim":["Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"creators_ssim":["Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Roy Jay Holden Papers were acquired by Special Collections in February 1982."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Cubic Feet 6 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are organized into three series: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Professional Papers includes notes, manuscripts, Geology Department records, and a CV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Subject Files contains materials collected on various topics relating to geology and mines, particularly in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: General Files includes correspondence, notes, and information on individuals and companies. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are organized into three series:","Series I: Professional Papers includes notes, manuscripts, Geology Department records, and a CV.","Series II: Subject Files contains materials collected on various topics relating to geology and mines, particularly in Virginia.","Series III: General Files includes correspondence, notes, and information on individuals and companies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy Jay Holden was born to Harvey Jay and Sarah Diana (Danforth) Holden on October 21, 1870 in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin. He married Elizabeth Evans (1888-1967), and they had several children: Virginia S., Elizabeth F., and Roy Jay, Jr..\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHolden earned B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Wisconsin in 1900 and 1915, respectively. He joined Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI) as an associate professor of Geology and Mineralogy (sometimes called Mining Geology) in 1905, becoming a professor in 1908. He served as the head of the department from 1908 until his death. Holden died on December 16, 1945, and is buried alongside his wife in the Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Mineral Industries Building at VPI was renamed Holden Hall in honor of Holden in 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExternal source: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Federal Census, 1880, 1920-1940\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Roy Jay Holden\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69582162/roy-jay-holden\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69582162/roy-jay-holden\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Holden Hall\", Virginia Tech, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.vt.edu/about/locations/buildings/holden-hall.html\"\u003ehttps://www.vt.edu/about/locations/buildings/holden-hall.html\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoy Jay Holden death certificate, in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2373370:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2373370:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed April 22, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roy Jay Holden was born to Harvey Jay and Sarah Diana (Danforth) Holden on October 21, 1870 in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin. He married Elizabeth Evans (1888-1967), and they had several children: Virginia S., Elizabeth F., and Roy Jay, Jr..","Holden earned B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Wisconsin in 1900 and 1915, respectively. He joined Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI) as an associate professor of Geology and Mineralogy (sometimes called Mining Geology) in 1905, becoming a professor in 1908. He served as the head of the department from 1908 until his death. Holden died on December 16, 1945, and is buried alongside his wife in the Westview Cemetery in Blacksburg, Virginia.","The Mineral Industries Building at VPI was renamed Holden Hall in honor of Holden in 1949.","External source:","U.S. Federal Census, 1880, 1920-1940","\"Roy Jay Holden\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69582162/roy-jay-holden, accessed April 22, 2024.","\"Holden Hall\", Virginia Tech, https://www.vt.edu/about/locations/buildings/holden-hall.html, accessed April 22, 2024.","Roy Jay Holden death certificate, in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2373370:9278, accessed April 22, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Roy Jay Holden Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Roy Jay Holden Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roy Jay Holden Papers, Ms1982-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roy Jay Holden Papers, Ms1982-014, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn inventory of the Roy Jay Holden Papers was completed after their donation. Additional description was completed in January 2011, when the finding aid was created.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["An inventory of the Roy Jay Holden Papers was completed after their donation. Additional description was completed in January 2011, when the finding aid was created."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the papers of Holden's son, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1833.xml\"\u003eRoy Jay Holden, Jr. Papers, Ms1991-023.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional records from the Geological Sciences Department are available in Record Group 15/12. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the papers of Holden's son, Roy Jay Holden, Jr. Papers, Ms1991-023.","Additional records from the Geological Sciences Department are available in Record Group 15/12. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAfrica\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Aladdin Was a Piker\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Algonkian Formations in the Blue Ridge of Virginia\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Animals of the Past\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Appalachian Alluvial Diamonds\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAurora Borealis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAutomobile Touring--1930, 1936, 1937\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCanadian Northland, Tales of, 1938\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Touring in Ontario\" (Canada)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCoal: \"Origin of Coal\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCoal: Coal Map of Virginia, Discussion of, for Virginia Planning Board\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCoal: \"A Visit to a Coal Mine,\" 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCoal: Underground trip--Pocahontas Fuel Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCommencement address, 1945: \"To Think or Not to Think\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eColorado River, The\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eColumbia Lavas, The, 1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Conservation of Natural Resources,\" 1932\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Dust\" (Atmospheric), 1933\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Earth, Looking into the,\" 1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEarth, Tales of the\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFenstreams\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFirst Families of America\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eF.F.V.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeology Recitations, 1933: What is geology? (Ja. 12): Piedmont Section of Virginia; (Mar. 9): General questions about geology; (May 11): \"How do mountains grow?\" etc.; (June 8): Geology trip.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGas Well, Virginia's First (4 pp.), 1932\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGems\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGenesis vs. Geology\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGlacier National Park, 1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGold, 1935, 1938\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHelictites in Virginia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eImperial Valley, The (Southern California) (3 pp.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron in Virginia, Mining \u0026amp; Manufacturing of (4 pp.), 1931, 1944\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron Gate Gap (4 pp.), 1932\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eInorganic Resources of Virginia, Utilization of, in Chemical Manufacture (Arsenopyrite; Portland \u0026amp; Natural Cements; Lime; Gypsum; Salt; Sulphuric Acid; Manganese; Ceramic Materials; Nitrate; Copper; Lead \u0026amp; Zinc) (5 pp.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMagmatic Carbonation - Carbothermal Metamorphism\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMetallic Resources of Virginia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNatural Bridge National Forest, 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNational Resources, Conservation of, 1932\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNarrows, The (3 pp.), 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNew River (\"Our Oldest River\"), 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNon-Ferrous Metals in Virginia, 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Origin of Life\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePetroleum in Virginia, 1930\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePhi Kappa Phi, Talk before, 1936\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePiedmont, Virginia, Geology of (8 pp.), 1933\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Plant Life Though the Ages\" (8 pp.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePrehistory (13 pp.), \"Measuring Prehistoric Time,\" 1937\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e'Punch Jones' Sparkler\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRocky Mountains, The\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Sic Transit Gloria Mundi\" (7 pp.), 1943, Phi Kappa Phi\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStamp Collection, The Hobby of, 1936\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStarch Manufacture in Virginia, 1931\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnderground trip--see Coal (above)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWater (\u0026amp; chlorine)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWater Power, Virginia (4 pp.), 1932\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWater, Yellow Sulphur Spring, Origin of the Sulphate\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the Iron Ore Industry of the United States (typescript of Holden's doctoral dissertation for the University of Wisconsin, 1915; 506 pp.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e30 small notebooks, many dealing with Virginia Geological Survey, including:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1905: #1-3, 5\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1906: #4, 6, x\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1907: #7, x, Carnegie work\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1908: #1\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1909: #3-7, 7a, x\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1910: #8, 10-11\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1912: Zinc\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1914: #12\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1919: #13\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1929: \"Red notebook\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHistory notes 1-3\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eOre \u0026amp; furnaces\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHistorical notes\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBefore 1920\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1920-1923\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1924-1928\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRequisitions, 1926\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e1929\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRequisitions, 1934\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRequisitions, 1939\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRequisitions, 1943\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAppropriations \u0026amp; Budgets, 1909-1936\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAppropriations \u0026amp; Budgets, 1938-1945\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePayrolls, 1909-1945\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eExpense Accounts\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eBox 2\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAlleghany Ore \u0026amp; Iron Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnalyses--List of samples tested\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnalyses--Penniman \u0026amp; Brown\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAppalachian Iron Company, Big Stone Gap\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBibliography of Virginia Iron Ores\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCacapon Sandstone as an Iron Ore\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCatalog of State Reports\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChemistry of Virginia Iron Ores\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDouthat Survey\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eField note, VGS 1906-1911 (Virginia Geological Survey)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeological Survey letters--Bevan, McGill, Giles, Nelson, Warwick\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron Ores (Virginia)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron Ores in Virginia \u0026amp; Iron Ores West of the Blue Ridge\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron Sulphate\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eBox 3\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eManganese Ore in Virginia \u0026amp; West Virginia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eManganese\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMetallic Mineral Resources of Virginia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMethods of Analyses\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNorfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eOriskany Ore and Iron Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePulaski Iron Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReports\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRobinson, Heath\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSolution of the Iron\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpecular Ores (Historical)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVirginia Railway\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWalker Mountain--Pulaski (Caldwell, J. E.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTests on Burning Limestone\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLaws on Lime (Agriculture)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLetters, miscellaneous\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSamples, list of contributors\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMarl\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMethods\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNational Lime Association\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReports\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRiverton\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSample Numbers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSizing Tests\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTemperature Test\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWhite Rock Quarry Company\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnalyses\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBags\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWeight Experiment\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWeights of Lime in Storage\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAndis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eArcadia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAustinville\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAustralia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBack Valley\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBailey Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBarber\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBare Bank/Crozier/Blue Bank/Red Mountain\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBarren Springs and Bertha\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBess\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBig Hill\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBlack Rock\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBoyer\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBozoo Well Samples\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCallie\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCamp Prospect\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCarter Bank\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCharter Oak\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChestnut Knob (Henry County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCircle\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClarke Bank\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClayton (Pulaski County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCoffee\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eColumbia and Liberty\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCrawford\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCrescent\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCrimora\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDixie Limonite\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDolly Ann\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDouthat Survey (Haynes \u0026amp; Moore tract, Alleghany County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEstelline\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEva\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFarris\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFenwick\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFerrol\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFoster Falls\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGannaway\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGarrison\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGiven\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHannah Forrer\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHematite\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHenderson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHenrietta\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHepler\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHiden\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHome Bank (Musser Bank, Buchanan, Wynne)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHurst of Buckeye\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIndian Camp\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIron Mountain\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIvanhoe\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJackson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam Jackson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohnson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKimball\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKunkle (Augusta County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLiberty (Shennandoah County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLignite\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLittle Wythe\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLocust  Hill\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLongdale Iron Co. (houses Low Moor)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLow Moor\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMartin Bank\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMcCormick\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMerica\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMerrimac (Montgomery County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMills Bank\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMine Run (Shennandoah County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMorris\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMount Torry\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNorma\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eOriskany\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePatterson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePercival\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePit Spring\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePoplar Camp\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePorter Bank\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePorter\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePosey\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePrincess Furnace Co. (Glen Wilton)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePulaski\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRed Hill\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRed Mountain\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReed Island\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRich Hill\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRich Patch\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRileyville\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRoaring Run\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRumsey\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSanders\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSimmerman\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSmyth\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpec\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStack\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSwecker\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTipton\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnder Rock\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVan Buren\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVaughn (Shennandoah County)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWalton\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWhite Rock\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilton\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBasalt; Bauxite; Clays; Copper; Dufrenite; Feldspar; Franklinite; Gold; Ilemite; Pegmatite-Moorefield; Pheancite in Amelia County; Platinum; Potash; Quartz; Spessarite; Staurolite-Fairy Stone; Tantalite; Titanium; Vanadium; Viviante; Waverlite; Zinc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnderson, William A.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAppalachian Geology\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAugusta Mill \u0026amp; Merchantile Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBlacksburg, Town of\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBockee, John J.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBrown, J. Wilcox\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCalcite \u0026amp; Aragmite Experiements\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCampbell, M. R.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCaves\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCement\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCement--thesis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCharts \u0026amp; Maps\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eChesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Railway Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCline, W. S.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCurd, William C.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDaily, D. T.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDams, Damsites \u0026amp; Reservoirs\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDillon's Sons, E.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEchols, W. M.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEngineering Experiment Station\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eExperimental Results (Lime)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eField notes\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFirmstone, H.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFischer, Alfred George\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eForrer, Samuel\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFossils\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeological Survey (Virginia) letters\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGoshen Iron Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGraham, David\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarvey, A. W.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIndex to manuscript--Industrial Development\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJones, Catesby (chief chemist, state)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJordan, S. H.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJung, E. L.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eKimbalton Lime Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLetters, miscellaneous\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLetters from outside the state of Virginia\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLow Moor Iron Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eManuscript--cutlines for figures\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMatthews, A. L.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMeteorites\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNewport News Ship \u0026amp; Dry Dock Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePatents\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePechin, Edmund C., report\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePersinger, A. W.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePulaski Fault\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePunch Jones Diamond\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRaymond, R. W.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRiley Bill 1943\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRoanoke Cinder Block Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRocks\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSinking Creek\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSkyline Parkway\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSoils \u0026amp; Soil Conservation\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSprings (mineral)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eState Planning Board--discussion of map\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStratigraphy\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVirginia Elements of Natural Environment\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVPI\u0026amp;SU\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVulcanism\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWater (Springs \u0026amp; wells)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWatson, Dr. T. L.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAlleghany\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAugusta\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBath \u0026amp; Bedford\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBotetourt\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBland\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBuchanan \u0026amp; Dickerson\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eClarke\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCraig\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFrederick\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGiles\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHighland\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLee\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMontgomery\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePage\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePulaski\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRoanoke\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRockbridge\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRockingham\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRussell\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eScott\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eShennandoah (\u0026amp; Warren)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSmyth\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTazewell\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWashington\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWise\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWythe\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGrace Furnace\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePrincess Furnace Co.--Botetourt County\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVan Buren Furnace\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVernon Furnace (Grottoes Iron Co.)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVirginia Iron \u0026amp; Coal Co.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department.","Africa\n\"Aladdin Was a Piker\"\n\"Algonkian Formations in the Blue Ridge of Virginia\"\n\"Animals of the Past\"\n\"Appalachian Alluvial Diamonds\"\nAurora Borealis\nAutomobile Touring--1930, 1936, 1937\nCanadian Northland, Tales of, 1938\n\"Touring in Ontario\" (Canada)\nCoal: \"Origin of Coal\"\nCoal: Coal Map of Virginia, Discussion of, for Virginia Planning Board\nCoal: \"A Visit to a Coal Mine,\" 1931\nCoal: Underground trip--Pocahontas Fuel Co.\nCommencement address, 1945: \"To Think or Not to Think\"\nColorado River, The\nColumbia Lavas, The, 1930\n\"Conservation of Natural Resources,\" 1932\n\"Dust\" (Atmospheric), 1933\n\"Earth, Looking into the,\" 1930\nEarth, Tales of the\nFenstreams\nFirst Families of America\nF.F.V.\nGeology Recitations, 1933: What is geology? (Ja. 12): Piedmont Section of Virginia; (Mar. 9): General questions about geology; (May 11): \"How do mountains grow?\" etc.; (June 8): Geology trip.\nGas Well, Virginia's First (4 pp.), 1932\nGems\nGenesis vs. Geology\nGlacier National Park, 1930\nGold, 1935, 1938\nHelictites in Virginia\nImperial Valley, The (Southern California) (3 pp.)\nIron in Virginia, Mining \u0026 Manufacturing of (4 pp.), 1931, 1944\nIron Gate Gap (4 pp.), 1932\nInorganic Resources of Virginia, Utilization of, in Chemical Manufacture (Arsenopyrite; Portland \u0026 Natural Cements; Lime; Gypsum; Salt; Sulphuric Acid; Manganese; Ceramic Materials; Nitrate; Copper; Lead \u0026 Zinc) (5 pp.)\nMagmatic Carbonation - Carbothermal Metamorphism\nMetallic Resources of Virginia\nNatural Bridge National Forest, 1931\nNational Resources, Conservation of, 1932\nNarrows, The (3 pp.), 1931\nNew River (\"Our Oldest River\"), 1931\nNon-Ferrous Metals in Virginia, 1931\n\"Origin of Life\"\nPetroleum in Virginia, 1930\nPhi Kappa Phi, Talk before, 1936\nPiedmont, Virginia, Geology of (8 pp.), 1933\n\"Plant Life Though the Ages\" (8 pp.)\nPrehistory (13 pp.), \"Measuring Prehistoric Time,\" 1937\n'Punch Jones' Sparkler\nRocky Mountains, The\n\"Sic Transit Gloria Mundi\" (7 pp.), 1943, Phi Kappa Phi\nStamp Collection, The Hobby of, 1936\nStarch Manufacture in Virginia, 1931\nUnderground trip--see Coal (above)\nWater (\u0026 chlorine)\nWater Power, Virginia (4 pp.), 1932\nWater, Yellow Sulphur Spring, Origin of the Sulphate\nMiscellaneous","History of the Iron Ore Industry of the United States (typescript of Holden's doctoral dissertation for the University of Wisconsin, 1915; 506 pp.)","30 small notebooks, many dealing with Virginia Geological Survey, including:\n\n1905: #1-3, 5\n1906: #4, 6, x\n1907: #7, x, Carnegie work\n1908: #1\n1909: #3-7, 7a, x\n1910: #8, 10-11\n1912: Zinc\n1914: #12\n1919: #13\n1929: \"Red notebook\"\nHistory notes 1-3\nOre \u0026 furnaces\nHistorical notes","Before 1920\n1920-1923\n1924-1928\nRequisitions, 1926\n1929\nRequisitions, 1934\nRequisitions, 1939\nRequisitions, 1943\nAppropriations \u0026 Budgets, 1909-1936\nAppropriations \u0026 Budgets, 1938-1945\nPayrolls, 1909-1945\nExpense Accounts","Box 2\nAlleghany Ore \u0026 Iron Company\nAnalyses--List of samples tested\nAnalyses--Penniman \u0026 Brown\nAppalachian Iron Company, Big Stone Gap\nBibliography of Virginia Iron Ores\nCacapon Sandstone as an Iron Ore\nCatalog of State Reports\nChemistry of Virginia Iron Ores\nDouthat Survey\nField note, VGS 1906-1911 (Virginia Geological Survey)\nGeological Survey letters--Bevan, McGill, Giles, Nelson, Warwick\nIron Ores (Virginia)\nIron Ores in Virginia \u0026 Iron Ores West of the Blue Ridge\nIron Sulphate","Box 3\nManganese Ore in Virginia \u0026 West Virginia\nManganese\nMetallic Mineral Resources of Virginia\nMethods of Analyses\nNorfolk \u0026 Western Railway\nOriskany Ore and Iron Company\nPulaski Iron Company\nReports\nRobinson, Heath\nSolution of the Iron\nSpecular Ores (Historical)\nVirginia Railway\nWalker Mountain--Pulaski (Caldwell, J. E.)","Tests on Burning Limestone\nLaws on Lime (Agriculture)\nLetters, miscellaneous\nSamples, list of contributors\nMarl\nMethods\nNational Lime Association\nReports\nRiverton\nSample Numbers\nSizing Tests\nTemperature Test\nWhite Rock Quarry Company\nAnalyses\nBags\nWeight Experiment\nWeights of Lime in Storage","Andis\nArcadia\nAustinville\nAustralia\nBack Valley\nBailey Crockett\nBarber\nBare Bank/Crozier/Blue Bank/Red Mountain\nBarren Springs and Bertha\nBess\nBig Hill\nBlack Rock\nBoyer\nBozoo Well Samples\nCallie\nCamp Prospect\nCarter Bank\nCharter Oak\nChestnut Knob (Henry County)\nCircle\nClarke Bank\nClayton (Pulaski County)\nCoffee\nColumbia and Liberty\nCrawford\nCrescent\nCrimora\nDixie Limonite\nDolly Ann\nDouthat Survey (Haynes \u0026 Moore tract, Alleghany County)\nEstelline\nEva\nFarris\nFenwick\nFerrol\nFoster Falls","Gannaway\nGarrison\nGiven\nHannah Forrer\nHematite\nHenderson\nHenrietta\nHepler\nHiden\nHome Bank (Musser Bank, Buchanan, Wynne)\nHurst of Buckeye\nIndian Camp\nIron Mountain\nIvanhoe\nJackson\nWilliam Jackson\nJohnson\nKennedy\nKimball\nKunkle (Augusta County)\nLiberty (Shennandoah County)\nLignite\nLittle Wythe\nLocust  Hill\nLongdale Iron Co. (houses Low Moor)\nLow Moor\nMartin Bank\nMcCormick\nMerica\nMerrimac (Montgomery County)\nMills Bank\nMine Run (Shennandoah County)\nMorris\nMount Torry\nNorma\nOriskany\nPatterson\nPercival\nPit Spring\nPoplar Camp\nPorter Bank\nPorter\nPosey\nPrincess Furnace Co. (Glen Wilton)\nPulaski\nRed Hill\nRed Mountain\nReed Island\nRich Hill\nRich Patch\nRileyville\nRoaring Run\nRumsey","Sanders\nSimmerman\nSmyth\nSpec\nStack\nSwecker\nTipton\nUnder Rock\nVan Buren\nVaughn (Shennandoah County)\nWalton\nWhite Rock\nWilton","Basalt; Bauxite; Clays; Copper; Dufrenite; Feldspar; Franklinite; Gold; Ilemite; Pegmatite-Moorefield; Pheancite in Amelia County; Platinum; Potash; Quartz; Spessarite; Staurolite-Fairy Stone; Tantalite; Titanium; Vanadium; Viviante; Waverlite; Zinc.","Anderson, William A.\nAppalachian Geology\nAugusta Mill \u0026 Merchantile Co.\nBlacksburg, Town of\nBockee, John J.\nBomb (to test the stability of natural silicates in iron furnaces)\nBrown, J. Wilcox\nCalcite \u0026 Aragmite Experiements\nCampbell, M. R.\nCaves\nCement\nCement--thesis\nCharts \u0026 Maps\nChesapeake \u0026 Ohio Railway Co.\nCline, W. S.\nClippings (newspaper) re: cement, lime mortar\nCurd, William C.\nCurve (results of carbonation of limestone)","Daily, D. T.\nDams, Damsites \u0026 Reservoirs\nDillon's Sons, E.\nEchols, W. M.\nEngineering Experiment Station\nExperimental Results (Lime)\nField notes\nFirmstone, H.\nFischer, Alfred George\nForrer, Samuel\nFossils\nGeological Survey (Virginia) letters\nGoshen Iron Co.\nGraham, David\nHarvey, A. W.\nIndex to manuscript--Industrial Development\nJones, Catesby (chief chemist, state)\nJordan, S. H.\nJung, E. L.\nKimbalton Lime Co.\nLetters, miscellaneous\nLetters from outside the state of Virginia\nLow Moor Iron Co.","Manuscript--cutlines for figures\nMatthews, A. L.\nMeteorites\nMiscellaneous\nNewport News Ship \u0026 Dry Dock Co.\nPatents\nPechin, Edmund C., report\nPersinger, A. W.\nPulaski Fault\nPunch Jones Diamond\nRaymond, R. W.\nRiley Bill 1943\nRoanoke Cinder Block Co.\nRocks","Sinking Creek\nSkyline Parkway\nSoils \u0026 Soil Conservation\nSprings (mineral)\nState Planning Board--discussion of map\nStratigraphy\nVirginia Elements of Natural Environment\nVPI\u0026SU\nVulcanism\nWater (Springs \u0026 wells)\nWatson, Dr. T. L.","Alleghany\nAugusta\nBath \u0026 Bedford\nBotetourt\nBland\nBuchanan \u0026 Dickerson\nClarke\nCraig\nFrederick\nGiles\nHighland\nLee\nMontgomery\nPage\nPulaski\nRoanoke\nRockbridge\nRockingham\nRussell\nScott\nShennandoah (\u0026 Warren)\nSmyth\nTazewell\nWashington\nWise\nWythe","Grace Furnace\nPrincess Furnace Co.--Botetourt County\nVan Buren Furnace\nVernon Furnace (Grottoes Iron Co.)\nVirginia Iron \u0026 Coal Co."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7b4360cf7d328a9a45d0020f38ad6b87\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department, where Holden (1870-1945) taught from 1905 until his death.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Roy Jay Holden Papers include field notes, charts and maps, and geological surveys and research results, covering the history of mineralogy and geology, especially in Virginia, including work at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI) Engineering Experiment Station. In addition to detailed materials on iron ores in Virginia, especially west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, there are reports on mines and furnaces in twenty-five counties of the state. The collection also contains Holden's notebooks, copies of addresses and speeches he made, and records from the VPI Geology Department, where Holden (1870-1945) taught from 1905 until his death."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_a15e83e5521e2d96094a023ab2512dd7\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["Please note: This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"persname_ssim":["Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Holden, Roy Jay, 1870-1945"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:44:57.607Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1374_c03_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999","General papers","Archeological Data Recovery Excavations at The Station Creek Site, the Chadwell site, the Parkey no. 3 site U.S. route 58 improvements, 2000"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02","viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation","title_ssm":["Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation"],"title_tesim":["Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation"],"text":["Accompanying correspondence: Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Transportation","Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999","General papers","Archeological Data Recovery Excavations at The Station Creek Site, the Chadwell site, the Parkey no. 3 site U.S. route 58 improvements, 2000","box 11","Folder 67"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999","General papers","Archeological Data Recovery Excavations at The Station Creek Site, the Chadwell site, the Parkey no. 3 site U.S. route 58 improvements, 2000"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999","General papers","Archeological Data Recovery Excavations at The Station Creek Site, the Chadwell site, the Parkey no. 3 site U.S. route 58 improvements, 2000"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":9,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999"],"containers_ssim":["box 11","Folder 67"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:50:34.320Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9755","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9755.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Oliver Perry papers","title_ssm":["Oliver Perry papers"],"title_tesim":["Oliver Perry papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1986-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1986-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1986/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999"],"text":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999","MS 00318","/repositories/2/resources/9755","Native American history and society","Nansemond Indian Tribe","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Six boxes relating to Chief Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Perry's life and role as Chief Emeritus for Virginia's Nansemond Tribe, including materials from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, National Register of Historic Places, NAGPRA documentation, personal photographs, archeological reports, magazine articles, personal and official correspondence, awards, resume, and assorted audiovisual materials. Also included is a copy of the Tribune Extra's \"First Account of the Custer Massacre\" dated Bismarck, D.T., July 6, 1876 (received 6 February 2001 by Danielle Moretti-Langholtz).","Includes correspondence from the Commonwealth of Virginia","Includes copies of certificates and a resume documenting Oliver Perry's life and career.","Includes original as well as copies of photographs of Oliver Perry and associates.","Includes copies of newspaper article from 1923 and 1975","Contains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to the Commission of Indian Affiars and the Nansemond Indian Tribal Association.","Contains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to William \u0026 Mary, Hampton University and the Jamestown Settlement.","Contains copies of clipping and registries from the 1830s","Contains notes and newspaper clippings","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Oliver Perry papers, 1986/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00318","/repositories/2/resources/9755"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00318","/repositories/2/resources/9755"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Native American history and society","Nansemond Indian Tribe"],"geogname_ssim":["Native American history and society","Nansemond Indian Tribe"],"places_ssim":["Native American history and society","Nansemond Indian Tribe"],"creator_ssm":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"creator_ssim":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010","Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Chief Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Perry and Danielle Moretti-Langholtz."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.59 Linear Feet 6 Hollinger boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.59 Linear Feet 6 Hollinger boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOliver Perry papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Oliver Perry papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSix boxes relating to Chief Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Perry's life and role as Chief Emeritus for Virginia's Nansemond Tribe, including materials from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, National Register of Historic Places, NAGPRA documentation, personal photographs, archeological reports, magazine articles, personal and official correspondence, awards, resume, and assorted audiovisual materials. Also included is a copy of the Tribune Extra's \"First Account of the Custer Massacre\" dated Bismarck, D.T., July 6, 1876 (received 6 February 2001 by Danielle Moretti-Langholtz).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence from the Commonwealth of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of certificates and a resume documenting Oliver Perry's life and career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes original as well as copies of photographs of Oliver Perry and associates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes copies of newspaper article from 1923 and 1975\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to the Commission of Indian Affiars and the Nansemond Indian Tribal Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to William \u0026amp; Mary, Hampton University and the Jamestown Settlement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains copies of clipping and registries from the 1830s\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains notes and newspaper clippings\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Six boxes relating to Chief Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Perry's life and role as Chief Emeritus for Virginia's Nansemond Tribe, including materials from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, National Register of Historic Places, NAGPRA documentation, personal photographs, archeological reports, magazine articles, personal and official correspondence, awards, resume, and assorted audiovisual materials. Also included is a copy of the Tribune Extra's \"First Account of the Custer Massacre\" dated Bismarck, D.T., July 6, 1876 (received 6 February 2001 by Danielle Moretti-Langholtz).","Includes correspondence from the Commonwealth of Virginia","Includes copies of certificates and a resume documenting Oliver Perry's life and career.","Includes original as well as copies of photographs of Oliver Perry and associates.","Includes copies of newspaper article from 1923 and 1975","Contains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to the Commission of Indian Affiars and the Nansemond Indian Tribal Association.","Contains materials documenting professional activities attended by Oliver Perry including those related to William \u0026 Mary, Hampton University and the Jamestown Settlement.","Contains copies of clipping and registries from the 1830s","Contains notes and newspaper clippings"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"names_coll_ssim":["Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Perry, Oliver \"Fish Hawk\" Linwood, 1922-2010"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":92,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:50:34.320Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9755_c02_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Account code expenditures, 2001/2002","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07","parent_ssim":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024","Financial files, 1987/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07"],"title_filing_ssi":"Account code expenditures","title_ssm":["Account code expenditures"],"title_tesim":["Account code expenditures"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Account code expenditures, 2001/2002"],"text":["Account code expenditures, 2001/2002","Student Government Association records, 1915/2024","Financial files, 1987/2014"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024","Financial files, 1987/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024","Financial files, 1987/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2001/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2001-2002"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":326,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[2001,2002],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#36","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:12.722Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_215.xml","title_ssm":["Student Government Association records"],"title_tesim":["Student Government Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024"],"text":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024","UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215","College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.","Files within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","This collection may receive additions.","The collection is arranged into 12 series:","Administrative, 1915-2015\n      Committees, 1931-2015\n      Correspondence, 1951-2003\n      Policies and Regulations, 1931-1971\n      Meeting Minutes, 1929-2012\n      Legislative Files, 1989-2012\n      Financial Files, 1987-2014\n      Disciplinary Files, 1922-1973\n      Photographs, 2000-2014\n      Scrapbooks, 2001-2009\n      Ephemera, 1930-2015\n      2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024","Raymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959).","James Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.","As the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association.","As of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment.","After reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure.","Some of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2","This collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.","This is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.","This series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.","This series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.","This series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.","This series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.","This series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.","This series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.","This series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.","This series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.","This series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.","This series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.","Series 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","Fonda, Jane, 1937-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024"],"collection_ssim":["Student Government Association records, 1915/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fonda, Jane, 1937-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"creators_ssim":["Fonda, Jane, 1937-","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The material in this collection was donated by members of James Madison University's Student Government Association in several different accessions between 1993 and 2024. The earlier accessions (1993-2001) were previously processed and assigned archival collection numbers SGA 93-0401, SGA 93-1019, and SGA 2001-1010. These materials were reprocessed along with the later accessions and combined into one larger collection, UA 0007. Additional accessions (2015-0830, 2015-0828, and 2015-0505) were added to the collection in November 2018. On May 1, 2019, an additional 2 storage boxes were donated by SGA Communications Director, Halle Forbes. Accession 2024-0507, comprising mostly digital files and transfered by acting SGA historian Mason Hoey, was incorporated into the collection in May 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.74 cubic feet 37 boxes","557 Megabytes 594 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["12.74 cubic feet 37 boxes","557 Megabytes 594 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.","Files within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection may receive additions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["This collection may receive additions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 12 series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative, 1915-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommittees, 1931-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1951-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePolicies and Regulations, 1931-1971\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMeeting Minutes, 1929-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLegislative Files, 1989-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Files, 1987-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDisciplinary Files, 1922-1973\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 2000-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks, 2001-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1930-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 12 series:","Administrative, 1915-2015\n      Committees, 1931-2015\n      Correspondence, 1951-2003\n      Policies and Regulations, 1931-1971\n      Meeting Minutes, 1929-2012\n      Legislative Files, 1989-2012\n      Financial Files, 1987-2014\n      Disciplinary Files, 1922-1973\n      Photographs, 2000-2014\n      Scrapbooks, 2001-2009\n      Ephemera, 1930-2015\n      2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eRaymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959).\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Raymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.","As the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association.","As of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Student Government Association Records, 1915-2024, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Student Government Association Records, 1915-2024, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfter reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["After reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Some of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.","This is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.","This series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.","This series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.","This series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.","This series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.","This series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.","This series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.","This series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.","This series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.","This series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.","This series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.","Series 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStaff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0da7b229c8c3f306c4ddb8f74a4cfc1a\"\u003eThe Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Fonda, Jane, 1937-"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","Fonda, Jane, 1937-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:12.722Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c07_c37"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c10","type":"Sub-Group","attributes":{"title":"Action Directe, 1979/1995","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c10","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c10"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c10","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Action Directe","title_ssm":["Action Directe"],"title_tesim":["Action Directe"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Action Directe, 1979/1995"],"text":["Action Directe, 1979/1995","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1979/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1979-1995"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Group"],"level_ssim":["Sub-group"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":84,"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"corpname_ssim":["Action directe (Terrorist group : France)"],"names_ssim":["Action directe (Terrorist group : France)"],"date_range_isim":[1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#9","timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016","SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained.","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection.","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English\n,       German\n,       French\n,       Spanish; Castilian\n,       Greek, Modern (1453-)\n,       Arabic\n,       Italian\n,       Armenian\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism, 1956/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\n      Teaching and scholarship\n      Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations, co-edited European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow, and wrote two volumes of Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response.","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. 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