{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=9","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=8","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=10","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=22"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":9,"next_page":10,"prev_page":8,"total_pages":22,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":80,"total_count":218,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00005_c03","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00005_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00005_c03","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00005_c03"],"id":"vipets_vipets00005_c03","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00005","_root_":"vipets_vipets00005","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00005","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00005","parent_ssim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00005"],"title_filing_ssi":"SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U.","title_ssm":["SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U."],"title_tesim":["SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U."],"normalized_title_ssm":["SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U."],"text":["SERIES III: WORKS-V.S.U.","Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":138,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":12,"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00005","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00005","_root_":"vipets_vipets00005","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00005","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00005.xml","title_ssm":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"title_tesim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"text":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938","1982-20","This collection\n contains ca. 5,000 pieces.","The items in Box 29 are restricted; there are no other\n restrictions in this collection.","Series I. BIOGRAPHICAL DATA (Container 1) \n Series II. CORRESPONDENCE \u0026 REPORTS (Containers 1-9)\n A. Family [1. By Date / 2. By Name] \n B. Personal [1. By Name / 2. By Date] \n C. Business [1. Azurest Syndicate / 2. U. S. Patent\n Office] \n Series III. WORK- V.S.U. (Container 9) \n Series IV. ALUMNI (Containers 10-12) \n A. General \n B. House Committee \n Series V. ORGANIZATIONAL AFFILIATIONS (Container 12) \n A. Dunbar High School Class Reunion \n B. Gillfield Baptist Church \n C. The Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Club \n Series VI. SCRAPBOOKS (Containers 13-15, loose books) \n Series VII. PHOTOGRAPHS (Container 16) \n Series VIII PRINTED MATERIAL (Container 17) \n Series IX. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS (Containers 18-20) \n A. Furniture \n B. Line Drawings \n C. Blueprints","Amaza Lee Meredith was born in Lynchburg, Virginia on\n August 14,1895. She was the daughter of Emma P. Kenny\n (Meredith) and Samuel P. Meredith. She had two sisters and one\n brother; the eldest child , Maude, maintained a life-long\n closeness with Amaza. In 1915, Meredith completed here early\n schooling in Lynchburg, where she graduated at the top of her\n class.","Her First teaching job was at a rural ungraded school\n called Indian Rock, located in Botetourt County, Virginia.\n Here, Meredith organized the Indian Rock Parent- Teacher's\n Association, which worked in conjunction with the Negro\n Organization Society of Virginia to bring improvement to the\n local school system. In 1918, she returned to Lynchburg, where\n she taught elementary school. In 1922, she served as\n Valedictorian for her class at the Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute. This was followed by six years of\n teaching mathematics at Dunbar High School in Lynchburg.","Ms. Meredith enrolled in the Teacher's College of Columbia\n University, New York in 1928. It was there where she earned\n both her Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in Fine Arts\n Education.","Her career with Virginia State University began in 1930,\n though she took a leave of absence from 1934-35 to complete\n her Master's degree. In 1935, she advanced to the position of\n Department Char, where she remained until her retirement in\n 1958. Amaza Meredith established the schools of Fine Arts\n department.","Beyond her career at V. S. U., Meredith's life was also\n rich in contributions. Her artistic self spilled over into\n these other facets of her life. She exhibited her art at the\n Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and in galleries in New York and\n North Carolina. Some works were acquired by groups, such as\n the Gillfield Baptist Church, where they are still displayed;\n many others hang in the homes of area residents.","She also developed interior decorating and design skills.\n In the field of business, she coordinated color schemes for\n campus buildings. To provide for new shelving units, she\n created blueprints, which proposed modifications in the art\n department layouts.","This remarkable person also pursued architectural\n interests. Though she had no known formal training, Amaza\n Meredith fully designed her own home - both inside and out,\n and im1939, it was built on Boisseau Street here in Ettrick.\n She named it \"Azurest South.\" In the ensuing decades, Meredith\n laid out the blueprints for several homes, most notably in Sag\n Harbor, Long Island, New York.","In the 1950's Sag Harbor flourished as resort area for\n blacks. Amaza and her sister, Maude, worked together to buy,\n create, and develop the subdivision later called \"Azurest\n North.\" They worked with others to establish the \"Azurest\n Syndicate, Inc.\" Syndicate lots were sold to individual\n investors, who the built summer, or year-round cottages and\n this land. Ms. Meredith designed at least two of these\n residences: 1) Terry Cottage, summer home for her sister,\n Maude Terry: and 2) Edendot, belonging to friends Ed and Dot\n Spaulding.","Additionally, Meredith provided several sets of blueprints\n for the proposed V. S. U. Alumni House in 1949. Once these\n plans fell through, Amaza tried another approach: She willed\n her half of Azurest South to the V. S. U. Alumni Association\n in the hopes that the dream for which she had worked so long\n would become a reality. Joint ownership of Azurest South was\n held with Ms. Edna Colson, another retired faculty member of\n V. S. U. In 1985, the Alumni Association purchased the\n Colson's half of the house, and Azurest South is now the\n official V. S. U. Alumni House.","Meredith was generally active in the Alumni Association.\n She was an honorary member of the Gillfield Baptist Church.\n While she participated in several other organizations and\n committees, the extent of her involvement is not known.","In 1984, Amaza Lee Meredith died.","The Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, 1912-1983, document a slice\n of Virginia's history in the twentieth century. This founder\n of the Fine Arts Department lived a life abundant in\n contributions well beyond her career at Virginia State\n University, while some materials relate directly to her work\n as a faculty member. Her devotion to education spanned over\n four decades; these papers reflect her efforts. Born in 1895,\n Meredith was raised in a period which some consider the lowest\n point in African-American history since the antebellum era. A\n product of such adversity, she adjusted to work and achieve\n during and after a time of legal segregation. This collection\n speaks to her successes in overcoming the \"obstacles\" of both\n race and gender.","Beginning in 1930, Meredith corresponded frequently with\n family, most notably, her sister, Maude Terry. These letters\n reveal the depth of love and loyalty the family cultivated and\n nurtured for lifetime. They demonstrate the difference in\n women's roles between the black and white interdependent\n relationship with men; black women have received greater\n support from their peers in the arena of independence. In this\n vein, Meredith's family gave her nothing short of a full\n endorsement for her outstanding achievements. It is likely\n that such contributed to her ability to surmount societal\n resistance.","Many of Meredith's peers were educators. Her papers include\n correspondence with Helen Edmonds, Anne Crittendon Preston,\n and Jean Murrell Capers (who later made her mark in politics).\n The remaining correspondence comes from people of varied\n backgrounds, also as viable research material.","Another group of personal correspondence related to\n Stafford Evans, a prized students of Ms. Meredith. While there\n is some continuation of correspondence into the 1980s, most of\n these letters were written while Evans served in the navy from\n 1943-45. Included are copies of The Mananan, a WWII Black\n sailors' March and December of 1945. This sub-series lends\n expression to the ambiguity, which black soldiers felt while\n in fighting for a democracy to which they themselves were not\n privy.","Meredith's business records document the origins of the\n Azurest Syndicate in 1953. Ms. Meredith worked with her\n sister, Ms. Terry, to pioneer the development of a Black\n summer resort area known as the Azurest North. The Syndicate\n served to regulate the subdivision's lot sales. The unique\n aspect of this venture are numerous: the development of a\n black resort in this time period, the syndicate, and the\n project's creation and development by two Black women - whose\n careers were unrelated to such a field.","It appears that, from the 1950's through the 1970's some\n homes in Azurest North were designed by Ms. Meredith. Though\n she had no known formal architectural schooling, she created\n countless line and ink drawings as well as blueprints, which\n are also included in this collection. Several of these\n projects succeeded in being built. For many more, the end\n result is as yet undetermined.","Unquestionably, Meredith designed and built her own home,\n known as Azurest South, which she truly reflects her artistic\n gift. Blueprints, line drawings, and sketches of this home are\n available for research.","Found in another series are the plans for the proposed V.\n S. U. Alumni House. Beginning in 1949 and working through the\n next decade, Meredith was active with the Alumni House\n Committee in attempts to produce an Alumni House. She retained\n general Alumni records from as early as 1936 and ending in\n 1969.","Lastly, she created more than a dozen scrapbooks, devoting\n each to a different subject and/or person. They contain\n documents, photos, letters, news clippings, and ephemera,\n which combine to form a rich source of research on their\n topics. The materials cut across all the other sub-series in\n these collections.","Amaza Meredith maintained a life-long friendship with Edna\n Colson, former head of the Education Department at V. S. U.\n They also shared a residence and had mutual friends. Clearly,\n in order to research either person in- depth, it will be\n necessary to study the other. Some further correspondence\n exists in Colson/Hill the sub-series of MS. Colson's personal\n correspondence dating from 1905-79. This includes information\n of the trip to Europe made by Colson and Meredith. Some\n materials, however are restricted (Box 29).","This is a collection of cards and programs.\n Included in this scrapbook is one of several\n telegrams.","This is a photographic record of Azurest South\n during its construction and as the home shared by\n Amaza Meredith and Edna Colson.","Correspondence, number of letters concerning\n Amamza Meredith teaching career in Lynchburg, and her\n being recruited to come to Virginia State by John M.\n Gandy. The other letters are mainly from friends\n concerning a variety of subjects. Included in the\n scrapbook is numerous of news-clippings, programs,\n tickets and other items collected by her long\n life.","Some correspondence, most of the materials consist\n of several programs, which were designed by Miss\n Meredith. Included in this book are also a number of\n speeches most concerning the teaching of or about\n art.","A collection of photographs covering a wide\n area.","This scrapbook includes a number of poems and\n letters written by Amaza Lee Meredith. The Evening\n song and Alma Mater of Virginia State is embodied in\n this scrapbook. Other letters and poems written or\n given to Miss Meredith can also be found. There are\n newspaper-clippings of poems written by Miss Amaza\n and also others that she collected.","Correspondence, photo's and newspaper-clippings\n from some of her former students. Included in this\n scrapbook are: James Gault Chander Flymn, Roderick\n Taylor, Freddrick F. Kersy, Reyenea Perry, Mildred\n Fountain, Huedillard Fitzgerald. Stanford Evens and\n others. There is addition some material about\n Lynchberg Virginia.","Some correspondence, news-clipping, programs most\n of which document the establishment of the Meredith\n Art at Virginia State in 1972 Gallery.","This scrapbook contains some correspondence,\n programs and printed articles about Anne Spencer of\n Lynchburg. Mrs. Spencer was a poet of the Harlem\n Renaissance Period. One of Miss Meredith sisters was\n married to Miss Spencer sons.","A Scrapbook of letters from a wide group of people\n dating from 1941 through 1976.","Some correspondence photographs and cards of\n sympathy about the death of Iris Terry Richards. Dr.\n Richards was Miss Meredith niece.","News-clippings, newsletters and other material\n mostly about Art.","A combination of items includes Miss Meredith's\n High School grades and diploma. There are letters of\n recognition and certificates.","Most of the material document Miss Meredith\n involvement with the Gillfield Baptist Church in\n Petersburg, Va.","This scrapbook document Miss Meredith retirement\n from Virginia State University in 1958. There are\n cards, programs, letters and photographs.","EDIT ME!","The Amaza Lee Meredith papers\n contain personal and business documents generated by Ms.\n Meredith which reflect the activities of her lifetime.\n Included are materials related to her career at Virginia State\n University, her participation in the V.S.U. Alumni Association\n the official records of the Azurest North Syndicate, and\n personal correspondence with several prominent blueprints,\n line drawings, and sketches of Ms. Meredith's designs which\n demonstrates her pursuits in architecture.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"collection_ssim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, \n 1912,\n 1930-1938"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1982-20"],"unitid_tesim":["1982-20"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were given to the V.S.U. Archives/ Special\n Collections Department by decree of Ms. Meredith's Last\n Will and Testament."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n contains ca. 5,000 pieces."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in Box 29 are restricted; there are no other\n restrictions in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The items in Box 29 are restricted; there are no other\n restrictions in this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. BIOGRAPHICAL DATA (Container 1) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries II. CORRESPONDENCE \u0026amp; REPORTS (Containers 1-9)\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. Family [1. By Date / 2. By Name] \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. Personal [1. By Name / 2. By Date] \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eC. Business [1. Azurest Syndicate / 2. U. S. Patent\n Office] \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries III. WORK- V.S.U. (Container 9) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries IV. ALUMNI (Containers 10-12) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. General \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. House Committee \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries V. ORGANIZATIONAL AFFILIATIONS (Container 12) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. Dunbar High School Class Reunion \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. Gillfield Baptist Church \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eC. The Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Club \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries VI. SCRAPBOOKS (Containers 13-15, loose books) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries VII. PHOTOGRAPHS (Container 16) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries VIII PRINTED MATERIAL (Container 17) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries IX. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS (Containers 18-20) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. Furniture \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. Line Drawings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eC. Blueprints\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. BIOGRAPHICAL DATA (Container 1) \n Series II. CORRESPONDENCE \u0026 REPORTS (Containers 1-9)\n A. Family [1. By Date / 2. By Name] \n B. Personal [1. By Name / 2. By Date] \n C. Business [1. Azurest Syndicate / 2. U. S. Patent\n Office] \n Series III. WORK- V.S.U. (Container 9) \n Series IV. ALUMNI (Containers 10-12) \n A. General \n B. House Committee \n Series V. ORGANIZATIONAL AFFILIATIONS (Container 12) \n A. Dunbar High School Class Reunion \n B. Gillfield Baptist Church \n C. The Virginia Federation of Colored Women's Club \n Series VI. SCRAPBOOKS (Containers 13-15, loose books) \n Series VII. PHOTOGRAPHS (Container 16) \n Series VIII PRINTED MATERIAL (Container 17) \n Series IX. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS (Containers 18-20) \n A. Furniture \n B. Line Drawings \n C. Blueprints"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmaza Lee Meredith was born in Lynchburg, Virginia on\n August 14,1895. She was the daughter of Emma P. Kenny\n (Meredith) and Samuel P. Meredith. She had two sisters and one\n brother; the eldest child , Maude, maintained a life-long\n closeness with Amaza. In 1915, Meredith completed here early\n schooling in Lynchburg, where she graduated at the top of her\n class.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHer First teaching job was at a rural ungraded school\n called Indian Rock, located in Botetourt County, Virginia.\n Here, Meredith organized the Indian Rock Parent- Teacher's\n Association, which worked in conjunction with the Negro\n Organization Society of Virginia to bring improvement to the\n local school system. In 1918, she returned to Lynchburg, where\n she taught elementary school. In 1922, she served as\n Valedictorian for her class at the Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute. This was followed by six years of\n teaching mathematics at Dunbar High School in Lynchburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMs. Meredith enrolled in the Teacher's College of Columbia\n University, New York in 1928. It was there where she earned\n both her Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in Fine Arts\n Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHer career with Virginia State University began in 1930,\n though she took a leave of absence from 1934-35 to complete\n her Master's degree. In 1935, she advanced to the position of\n Department Char, where she remained until her retirement in\n 1958. Amaza Meredith established the schools of Fine Arts\n department.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBeyond her career at V. S. U., Meredith's life was also\n rich in contributions. Her artistic self spilled over into\n these other facets of her life. She exhibited her art at the\n Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and in galleries in New York and\n North Carolina. Some works were acquired by groups, such as\n the Gillfield Baptist Church, where they are still displayed;\n many others hang in the homes of area residents.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eShe also developed interior decorating and design skills.\n In the field of business, she coordinated color schemes for\n campus buildings. To provide for new shelving units, she\n created blueprints, which proposed modifications in the art\n department layouts.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis remarkable person also pursued architectural\n interests. Though she had no known formal training, Amaza\n Meredith fully designed her own home - both inside and out,\n and im1939, it was built on Boisseau Street here in Ettrick.\n She named it \"Azurest South.\" In the ensuing decades, Meredith\n laid out the blueprints for several homes, most notably in Sag\n Harbor, Long Island, New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1950's Sag Harbor flourished as resort area for\n blacks. Amaza and her sister, Maude, worked together to buy,\n create, and develop the subdivision later called \"Azurest\n North.\" They worked with others to establish the \"Azurest\n Syndicate, Inc.\" Syndicate lots were sold to individual\n investors, who the built summer, or year-round cottages and\n this land. Ms. Meredith designed at least two of these\n residences: 1) Terry Cottage, summer home for her sister,\n Maude Terry: and 2) Edendot, belonging to friends Ed and Dot\n Spaulding.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Meredith provided several sets of blueprints\n for the proposed V. S. U. Alumni House in 1949. Once these\n plans fell through, Amaza tried another approach: She willed\n her half of Azurest South to the V. S. U. Alumni Association\n in the hopes that the dream for which she had worked so long\n would become a reality. Joint ownership of Azurest South was\n held with Ms. Edna Colson, another retired faculty member of\n V. S. U. In 1985, the Alumni Association purchased the\n Colson's half of the house, and Azurest South is now the\n official V. S. U. Alumni House.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMeredith was generally active in the Alumni Association.\n She was an honorary member of the Gillfield Baptist Church.\n While she participated in several other organizations and\n committees, the extent of her involvement is not known.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984, Amaza Lee Meredith died.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Amaza Lee Meredith was born in Lynchburg, Virginia on\n August 14,1895. She was the daughter of Emma P. Kenny\n (Meredith) and Samuel P. Meredith. She had two sisters and one\n brother; the eldest child , Maude, maintained a life-long\n closeness with Amaza. In 1915, Meredith completed here early\n schooling in Lynchburg, where she graduated at the top of her\n class.","Her First teaching job was at a rural ungraded school\n called Indian Rock, located in Botetourt County, Virginia.\n Here, Meredith organized the Indian Rock Parent- Teacher's\n Association, which worked in conjunction with the Negro\n Organization Society of Virginia to bring improvement to the\n local school system. In 1918, she returned to Lynchburg, where\n she taught elementary school. In 1922, she served as\n Valedictorian for her class at the Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute. This was followed by six years of\n teaching mathematics at Dunbar High School in Lynchburg.","Ms. Meredith enrolled in the Teacher's College of Columbia\n University, New York in 1928. It was there where she earned\n both her Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in Fine Arts\n Education.","Her career with Virginia State University began in 1930,\n though she took a leave of absence from 1934-35 to complete\n her Master's degree. In 1935, she advanced to the position of\n Department Char, where she remained until her retirement in\n 1958. Amaza Meredith established the schools of Fine Arts\n department.","Beyond her career at V. S. U., Meredith's life was also\n rich in contributions. Her artistic self spilled over into\n these other facets of her life. She exhibited her art at the\n Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and in galleries in New York and\n North Carolina. Some works were acquired by groups, such as\n the Gillfield Baptist Church, where they are still displayed;\n many others hang in the homes of area residents.","She also developed interior decorating and design skills.\n In the field of business, she coordinated color schemes for\n campus buildings. To provide for new shelving units, she\n created blueprints, which proposed modifications in the art\n department layouts.","This remarkable person also pursued architectural\n interests. Though she had no known formal training, Amaza\n Meredith fully designed her own home - both inside and out,\n and im1939, it was built on Boisseau Street here in Ettrick.\n She named it \"Azurest South.\" In the ensuing decades, Meredith\n laid out the blueprints for several homes, most notably in Sag\n Harbor, Long Island, New York.","In the 1950's Sag Harbor flourished as resort area for\n blacks. Amaza and her sister, Maude, worked together to buy,\n create, and develop the subdivision later called \"Azurest\n North.\" They worked with others to establish the \"Azurest\n Syndicate, Inc.\" Syndicate lots were sold to individual\n investors, who the built summer, or year-round cottages and\n this land. Ms. Meredith designed at least two of these\n residences: 1) Terry Cottage, summer home for her sister,\n Maude Terry: and 2) Edendot, belonging to friends Ed and Dot\n Spaulding.","Additionally, Meredith provided several sets of blueprints\n for the proposed V. S. U. Alumni House in 1949. Once these\n plans fell through, Amaza tried another approach: She willed\n her half of Azurest South to the V. S. U. Alumni Association\n in the hopes that the dream for which she had worked so long\n would become a reality. Joint ownership of Azurest South was\n held with Ms. Edna Colson, another retired faculty member of\n V. S. U. In 1985, the Alumni Association purchased the\n Colson's half of the house, and Azurest South is now the\n official V. S. U. Alumni House.","Meredith was generally active in the Alumni Association.\n She was an honorary member of the Gillfield Baptist Church.\n While she participated in several other organizations and\n committees, the extent of her involvement is not known.","In 1984, Amaza Lee Meredith died."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmaza Lee Meredith Papers, 1912, 1930-1930, Accession\n #1982-20, Special Collections Dept., Johnson Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, 1912, 1930-1930, Accession\n #1982-20, Special Collections Dept., Johnson Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, 1912-1983, document a slice\n of Virginia's history in the twentieth century. This founder\n of the Fine Arts Department lived a life abundant in\n contributions well beyond her career at Virginia State\n University, while some materials relate directly to her work\n as a faculty member. Her devotion to education spanned over\n four decades; these papers reflect her efforts. Born in 1895,\n Meredith was raised in a period which some consider the lowest\n point in African-American history since the antebellum era. A\n product of such adversity, she adjusted to work and achieve\n during and after a time of legal segregation. This collection\n speaks to her successes in overcoming the \"obstacles\" of both\n race and gender.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1930, Meredith corresponded frequently with\n family, most notably, her sister, Maude Terry. These letters\n reveal the depth of love and loyalty the family cultivated and\n nurtured for lifetime. They demonstrate the difference in\n women's roles between the black and white interdependent\n relationship with men; black women have received greater\n support from their peers in the arena of independence. In this\n vein, Meredith's family gave her nothing short of a full\n endorsement for her outstanding achievements. It is likely\n that such contributed to her ability to surmount societal\n resistance.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMany of Meredith's peers were educators. Her papers include\n correspondence with Helen Edmonds, Anne Crittendon Preston,\n and Jean Murrell Capers (who later made her mark in politics).\n The remaining correspondence comes from people of varied\n backgrounds, also as viable research material.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAnother group of personal correspondence related to\n Stafford Evans, a prized students of Ms. Meredith. While there\n is some continuation of correspondence into the 1980s, most of\n these letters were written while Evans served in the navy from\n 1943-45. Included are copies of The Mananan, a WWII Black\n sailors' March and December of 1945. This sub-series lends\n expression to the ambiguity, which black soldiers felt while\n in fighting for a democracy to which they themselves were not\n privy.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMeredith's business records document the origins of the\n Azurest Syndicate in 1953. Ms. Meredith worked with her\n sister, Ms. Terry, to pioneer the development of a Black\n summer resort area known as the Azurest North. The Syndicate\n served to regulate the subdivision's lot sales. The unique\n aspect of this venture are numerous: the development of a\n black resort in this time period, the syndicate, and the\n project's creation and development by two Black women - whose\n careers were unrelated to such a field.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIt appears that, from the 1950's through the 1970's some\n homes in Azurest North were designed by Ms. Meredith. Though\n she had no known formal architectural schooling, she created\n countless line and ink drawings as well as blueprints, which\n are also included in this collection. Several of these\n projects succeeded in being built. For many more, the end\n result is as yet undetermined.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eUnquestionably, Meredith designed and built her own home,\n known as Azurest South, which she truly reflects her artistic\n gift. Blueprints, line drawings, and sketches of this home are\n available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFound in another series are the plans for the proposed V.\n S. U. Alumni House. Beginning in 1949 and working through the\n next decade, Meredith was active with the Alumni House\n Committee in attempts to produce an Alumni House. She retained\n general Alumni records from as early as 1936 and ending in\n 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eLastly, she created more than a dozen scrapbooks, devoting\n each to a different subject and/or person. They contain\n documents, photos, letters, news clippings, and ephemera,\n which combine to form a rich source of research on their\n topics. The materials cut across all the other sub-series in\n these collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAmaza Meredith maintained a life-long friendship with Edna\n Colson, former head of the Education Department at V. S. U.\n They also shared a residence and had mutual friends. Clearly,\n in order to research either person in- depth, it will be\n necessary to study the other. Some further correspondence\n exists in Colson/Hill the sub-series of MS. Colson's personal\n correspondence dating from 1905-79. This includes information\n of the trip to Europe made by Colson and Meredith. Some\n materials, however are restricted (Box 29).\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of cards and programs.\n Included in this scrapbook is one of several\n telegrams.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis is a photographic record of Azurest South\n during its construction and as the home shared by\n Amaza Meredith and Edna Colson.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, number of letters concerning\n Amamza Meredith teaching career in Lynchburg, and her\n being recruited to come to Virginia State by John M.\n Gandy. The other letters are mainly from friends\n concerning a variety of subjects. Included in the\n scrapbook is numerous of news-clippings, programs,\n tickets and other items collected by her long\n life.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSome correspondence, most of the materials consist\n of several programs, which were designed by Miss\n Meredith. Included in this book are also a number of\n speeches most concerning the teaching of or about\n art.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eA collection of photographs covering a wide\n area.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis scrapbook includes a number of poems and\n letters written by Amaza Lee Meredith. The Evening\n song and Alma Mater of Virginia State is embodied in\n this scrapbook. Other letters and poems written or\n given to Miss Meredith can also be found. There are\n newspaper-clippings of poems written by Miss Amaza\n and also others that she collected.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, photo's and newspaper-clippings\n from some of her former students. Included in this\n scrapbook are: James Gault Chander Flymn, Roderick\n Taylor, Freddrick F. Kersy, Reyenea Perry, Mildred\n Fountain, Huedillard Fitzgerald. Stanford Evens and\n others. There is addition some material about\n Lynchberg Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSome correspondence, news-clipping, programs most\n of which document the establishment of the Meredith\n Art at Virginia State in 1972 Gallery.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis scrapbook contains some correspondence,\n programs and printed articles about Anne Spencer of\n Lynchburg. Mrs. Spencer was a poet of the Harlem\n Renaissance Period. One of Miss Meredith sisters was\n married to Miss Spencer sons.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eA Scrapbook of letters from a wide group of people\n dating from 1941 through 1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSome correspondence photographs and cards of\n sympathy about the death of Iris Terry Richards. Dr.\n Richards was Miss Meredith niece.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eNews-clippings, newsletters and other material\n mostly about Art.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eA combination of items includes Miss Meredith's\n High School grades and diploma. There are letters of\n recognition and certificates.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMost of the material document Miss Meredith\n involvement with the Gillfield Baptist Church in\n Petersburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis scrapbook document Miss Meredith retirement\n from Virginia State University in 1958. There are\n cards, programs, letters and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Amaza Lee Meredith Papers, 1912-1983, document a slice\n of Virginia's history in the twentieth century. This founder\n of the Fine Arts Department lived a life abundant in\n contributions well beyond her career at Virginia State\n University, while some materials relate directly to her work\n as a faculty member. Her devotion to education spanned over\n four decades; these papers reflect her efforts. Born in 1895,\n Meredith was raised in a period which some consider the lowest\n point in African-American history since the antebellum era. A\n product of such adversity, she adjusted to work and achieve\n during and after a time of legal segregation. This collection\n speaks to her successes in overcoming the \"obstacles\" of both\n race and gender.","Beginning in 1930, Meredith corresponded frequently with\n family, most notably, her sister, Maude Terry. These letters\n reveal the depth of love and loyalty the family cultivated and\n nurtured for lifetime. They demonstrate the difference in\n women's roles between the black and white interdependent\n relationship with men; black women have received greater\n support from their peers in the arena of independence. In this\n vein, Meredith's family gave her nothing short of a full\n endorsement for her outstanding achievements. It is likely\n that such contributed to her ability to surmount societal\n resistance.","Many of Meredith's peers were educators. Her papers include\n correspondence with Helen Edmonds, Anne Crittendon Preston,\n and Jean Murrell Capers (who later made her mark in politics).\n The remaining correspondence comes from people of varied\n backgrounds, also as viable research material.","Another group of personal correspondence related to\n Stafford Evans, a prized students of Ms. Meredith. While there\n is some continuation of correspondence into the 1980s, most of\n these letters were written while Evans served in the navy from\n 1943-45. Included are copies of The Mananan, a WWII Black\n sailors' March and December of 1945. This sub-series lends\n expression to the ambiguity, which black soldiers felt while\n in fighting for a democracy to which they themselves were not\n privy.","Meredith's business records document the origins of the\n Azurest Syndicate in 1953. Ms. Meredith worked with her\n sister, Ms. Terry, to pioneer the development of a Black\n summer resort area known as the Azurest North. The Syndicate\n served to regulate the subdivision's lot sales. The unique\n aspect of this venture are numerous: the development of a\n black resort in this time period, the syndicate, and the\n project's creation and development by two Black women - whose\n careers were unrelated to such a field.","It appears that, from the 1950's through the 1970's some\n homes in Azurest North were designed by Ms. Meredith. Though\n she had no known formal architectural schooling, she created\n countless line and ink drawings as well as blueprints, which\n are also included in this collection. Several of these\n projects succeeded in being built. For many more, the end\n result is as yet undetermined.","Unquestionably, Meredith designed and built her own home,\n known as Azurest South, which she truly reflects her artistic\n gift. Blueprints, line drawings, and sketches of this home are\n available for research.","Found in another series are the plans for the proposed V.\n S. U. Alumni House. Beginning in 1949 and working through the\n next decade, Meredith was active with the Alumni House\n Committee in attempts to produce an Alumni House. She retained\n general Alumni records from as early as 1936 and ending in\n 1969.","Lastly, she created more than a dozen scrapbooks, devoting\n each to a different subject and/or person. They contain\n documents, photos, letters, news clippings, and ephemera,\n which combine to form a rich source of research on their\n topics. The materials cut across all the other sub-series in\n these collections.","Amaza Meredith maintained a life-long friendship with Edna\n Colson, former head of the Education Department at V. S. U.\n They also shared a residence and had mutual friends. Clearly,\n in order to research either person in- depth, it will be\n necessary to study the other. Some further correspondence\n exists in Colson/Hill the sub-series of MS. Colson's personal\n correspondence dating from 1905-79. This includes information\n of the trip to Europe made by Colson and Meredith. Some\n materials, however are restricted (Box 29).","This is a collection of cards and programs.\n Included in this scrapbook is one of several\n telegrams.","This is a photographic record of Azurest South\n during its construction and as the home shared by\n Amaza Meredith and Edna Colson.","Correspondence, number of letters concerning\n Amamza Meredith teaching career in Lynchburg, and her\n being recruited to come to Virginia State by John M.\n Gandy. The other letters are mainly from friends\n concerning a variety of subjects. Included in the\n scrapbook is numerous of news-clippings, programs,\n tickets and other items collected by her long\n life.","Some correspondence, most of the materials consist\n of several programs, which were designed by Miss\n Meredith. Included in this book are also a number of\n speeches most concerning the teaching of or about\n art.","A collection of photographs covering a wide\n area.","This scrapbook includes a number of poems and\n letters written by Amaza Lee Meredith. The Evening\n song and Alma Mater of Virginia State is embodied in\n this scrapbook. Other letters and poems written or\n given to Miss Meredith can also be found. There are\n newspaper-clippings of poems written by Miss Amaza\n and also others that she collected.","Correspondence, photo's and newspaper-clippings\n from some of her former students. Included in this\n scrapbook are: James Gault Chander Flymn, Roderick\n Taylor, Freddrick F. Kersy, Reyenea Perry, Mildred\n Fountain, Huedillard Fitzgerald. Stanford Evens and\n others. There is addition some material about\n Lynchberg Virginia.","Some correspondence, news-clipping, programs most\n of which document the establishment of the Meredith\n Art at Virginia State in 1972 Gallery.","This scrapbook contains some correspondence,\n programs and printed articles about Anne Spencer of\n Lynchburg. Mrs. Spencer was a poet of the Harlem\n Renaissance Period. One of Miss Meredith sisters was\n married to Miss Spencer sons.","A Scrapbook of letters from a wide group of people\n dating from 1941 through 1976.","Some correspondence photographs and cards of\n sympathy about the death of Iris Terry Richards. Dr.\n Richards was Miss Meredith niece.","News-clippings, newsletters and other material\n mostly about Art.","A combination of items includes Miss Meredith's\n High School grades and diploma. There are letters of\n recognition and certificates.","Most of the material document Miss Meredith\n involvement with the Gillfield Baptist Church in\n Petersburg, Va.","This scrapbook document Miss Meredith retirement\n from Virginia State University in 1958. There are\n cards, programs, letters and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEDIT ME!\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights"],"userestrict_tesim":["EDIT ME!"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Amaza Lee Meredith papers\n contain personal and business documents generated by Ms.\n Meredith which reflect the activities of her lifetime.\n Included are materials related to her career at Virginia State\n University, her participation in the V.S.U. Alumni Association\n the official records of the Azurest North Syndicate, and\n personal correspondence with several prominent blueprints,\n line drawings, and sketches of Ms. Meredith's designs which\n demonstrates her pursuits in architecture.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The Amaza Lee Meredith papers\n contain personal and business documents generated by Ms.\n Meredith which reflect the activities of her lifetime.\n Included are materials related to her career at Virginia State\n University, her participation in the V.S.U. Alumni Association\n the official records of the Azurest North Syndicate, and\n personal correspondence with several prominent blueprints,\n line drawings, and sketches of Ms. Meredith's designs which\n demonstrates her pursuits in architecture."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":369,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00005_c03"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00024_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Legal Documents","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00024_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00024_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00024_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00024_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00024","_root_":"vipets_vipets00024","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00024","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00024","parent_ssim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00024"],"title_filing_ssi":"Legal Documents","title_ssm":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"text":["Series II: Legal Documents","James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":4,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00024","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00024","_root_":"vipets_vipets00024","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00024","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00024.xml","title_ssm":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"title_tesim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"text":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914","1963-9","There are no restrictions.","Series I.Correspondence,1865,1908 Two letters, One of which\n is a letter of introduction for a former slave.","Series II.Legal Documents Several items, a teaching\n contract for the city of Richmond, Court documents concerning\n a will, an indenture and a petition.","Series III. Printed. Subseries A.Newspaper and Journals.\n Two African American Newspapers from the 1880's and 1895, V.A.\n \u0026 C.I. Journal. Subseries B. Flyers and Invitations.\n Flyers and invitation from various schools in and outside of\n Virginia. Included are items from the Richmond Normal School\n and the Peabody Normal Institute. Subseries C. Catalogs. Two\n items, documenting programs conducted at Howard and the\n Lynchburg Seminary. Sebseries D. Awards, Commissions, and\n Degrees. some of the honors and awards given to James hugo\n Johnston, Sr. during his life.","Series IV.Minutes and Reports Mintues and Reports\n documenting some of the educational activities in Virginia\n regarding the education of African Americans, most of the\n material is about V.N. \u0026 C.I.","Series V. Ledgers and Account Books A. V.T.A. Record Books,\n the minutes of the Virginia Teachers Association documetning\n formation of this group in the 1880's. B. Johnston Home,\n records, Johnston family record books documenting their day to\n day activities and expenses.","Series VI.Literary, Speeches Speeches delivered by James\n Hugo Johnston. The speeches are ranging and provide some\n information about current issues of the day. The speeches are\n arranged chronologically, those without dates may be found at\n the end of the series.","James Hugo Johnston was born in Richmond, Virginia., July\n 29, 1858. Not much is known about his parents. He graduated\n from the Richmond Normal School in Richmond, in 1876, and that\n Fall he was elected a teacher in the public schools of his\n native city. He began in the lowest grade of the system and\n made his way upward until he was elected principal of the\n Baker Street group of schools, having twelve teachers under\n him.","Because of his work at the Baker Street School the State\n Superintendent of Public Instruction, John L. Buchanan, made\n him conductor of the Peabody Institute for \"colored\" teachers\n held at Lynchburg, Virginia. This was one of the largest and\n most successful institutes ever held in the state. Here was\n organized the Virginia Teachers' Reading Circle, and the\n conductor of the Institute was elected President.","In 1886, Governor Fitzbugh Lee, appointed him a member of\n the Board of Vistors of the Virginia Normal and Collegiate\n Institute. He was also elected Secretay of the Board because\n of his record at the Baker Street School. Mr. Johnston would\n also tahe under his administration a three year; Course of\n study was approved by the State Superintendent and begun in\n the Institute in June 1889.","In addition to serving as President, he ws professor of\n Philospohy, Moral Philosphy, and Political Economy. It was in\n recognition of his ability and worth that Shaw University, as\n its commencement held on May 23, 1889, conferred on him the\n degree of A.M.; and in 1882, the Ph. D.","For three years he was corresponding secretary of the\n Virginia Baptist Sunday School Convention. Mr. Johnston was an\n active Mason and has worked his way to the highest level in\n that order. He served two terms each as Grand Master and Grand\n Commander of the State.","As a member of the chapter, he attended the National\n Masonic convention held at Chicago in 1887. Here he delivered\n the opening address, \"The True Status of Negro Masonry in\n America.\"","The records of the Peabody Reading Circle and the \"Virginia\n Teachers Reading\" document the development of profesionalism\n of Africn american Teachers in Virginia. Minutes, reports and\n programs covering the period is all that remains of what would\n become the largest African American profesional organization\n in Virginia. The record books which were used to keep an\n account of the family's household expense are also useful for\n social and family history.","State Normal and Industrial School, Alabama\n Commencement- Invitation 1892, Livingstone College\n North Carolina commencement 1891, St.Augustine\n Normal School and Collegiate Institute North\n Carolina Annual Commencement 1892, The Trustees of\n Wellesley College Commencement 1889, Fisk\n University Annual Commencement 1892.","Masonic Order 1899","There are no restrictions.","The James Hugo Johnston, Sr. papers\n do not contain any correspondence of a personal nature.\n Although there is very little correspondence, there are\n several notebooks maintained by Mr. Johnston; during his\n lifetime. Several books document the early proceedings of the\n Peabody Reading Circle and there are some early notes of the\n formation of the Virginia Teachers Association. There are also\n a number of notebooks documenting the Johnston household\n expenses, and a number of speeches. James Hugo Johnston, Sr.\n was the second President of Virginia State University from\n 1887-1914.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"collection_ssim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr. Papers, \n \n 1865-1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1963-9"],"unitid_tesim":["1963-9"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift to Virginia State University in 1963."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I.Correspondence,1865,1908 Two letters, One of which\n is a letter of introduction for a former slave.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II.Legal Documents Several items, a teaching\n contract for the city of Richmond, Court documents concerning\n a will, an indenture and a petition.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Printed. Subseries A.Newspaper and Journals.\n Two African American Newspapers from the 1880's and 1895, V.A.\n \u0026amp; C.I. Journal. Subseries B. Flyers and Invitations.\n Flyers and invitation from various schools in and outside of\n Virginia. Included are items from the Richmond Normal School\n and the Peabody Normal Institute. Subseries C. Catalogs. Two\n items, documenting programs conducted at Howard and the\n Lynchburg Seminary. Sebseries D. Awards, Commissions, and\n Degrees. some of the honors and awards given to James hugo\n Johnston, Sr. during his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV.Minutes and Reports Mintues and Reports\n documenting some of the educational activities in Virginia\n regarding the education of African Americans, most of the\n material is about V.N. \u0026amp; C.I.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Ledgers and Account Books A. V.T.A. Record Books,\n the minutes of the Virginia Teachers Association documetning\n formation of this group in the 1880's. B. Johnston Home,\n records, Johnston family record books documenting their day to\n day activities and expenses.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI.Literary, Speeches Speeches delivered by James\n Hugo Johnston. The speeches are ranging and provide some\n information about current issues of the day. The speeches are\n arranged chronologically, those without dates may be found at\n the end of the series.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I.Correspondence,1865,1908 Two letters, One of which\n is a letter of introduction for a former slave.","Series II.Legal Documents Several items, a teaching\n contract for the city of Richmond, Court documents concerning\n a will, an indenture and a petition.","Series III. Printed. Subseries A.Newspaper and Journals.\n Two African American Newspapers from the 1880's and 1895, V.A.\n \u0026 C.I. Journal. Subseries B. Flyers and Invitations.\n Flyers and invitation from various schools in and outside of\n Virginia. Included are items from the Richmond Normal School\n and the Peabody Normal Institute. Subseries C. Catalogs. Two\n items, documenting programs conducted at Howard and the\n Lynchburg Seminary. Sebseries D. Awards, Commissions, and\n Degrees. some of the honors and awards given to James hugo\n Johnston, Sr. during his life.","Series IV.Minutes and Reports Mintues and Reports\n documenting some of the educational activities in Virginia\n regarding the education of African Americans, most of the\n material is about V.N. \u0026 C.I.","Series V. Ledgers and Account Books A. V.T.A. Record Books,\n the minutes of the Virginia Teachers Association documetning\n formation of this group in the 1880's. B. Johnston Home,\n records, Johnston family record books documenting their day to\n day activities and expenses.","Series VI.Literary, Speeches Speeches delivered by James\n Hugo Johnston. The speeches are ranging and provide some\n information about current issues of the day. The speeches are\n arranged chronologically, those without dates may be found at\n the end of the series."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Hugo Johnston was born in Richmond, Virginia., July\n 29, 1858. Not much is known about his parents. He graduated\n from the Richmond Normal School in Richmond, in 1876, and that\n Fall he was elected a teacher in the public schools of his\n native city. He began in the lowest grade of the system and\n made his way upward until he was elected principal of the\n Baker Street group of schools, having twelve teachers under\n him.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBecause of his work at the Baker Street School the State\n Superintendent of Public Instruction, John L. Buchanan, made\n him conductor of the Peabody Institute for \"colored\" teachers\n held at Lynchburg, Virginia. This was one of the largest and\n most successful institutes ever held in the state. Here was\n organized the Virginia Teachers' Reading Circle, and the\n conductor of the Institute was elected President.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1886, Governor Fitzbugh Lee, appointed him a member of\n the Board of Vistors of the Virginia Normal and Collegiate\n Institute. He was also elected Secretay of the Board because\n of his record at the Baker Street School. Mr. Johnston would\n also tahe under his administration a three year; Course of\n study was approved by the State Superintendent and begun in\n the Institute in June 1889.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to serving as President, he ws professor of\n Philospohy, Moral Philosphy, and Political Economy. It was in\n recognition of his ability and worth that Shaw University, as\n its commencement held on May 23, 1889, conferred on him the\n degree of A.M.; and in 1882, the Ph. D.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFor three years he was corresponding secretary of the\n Virginia Baptist Sunday School Convention. Mr. Johnston was an\n active Mason and has worked his way to the highest level in\n that order. He served two terms each as Grand Master and Grand\n Commander of the State.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of the chapter, he attended the National\n Masonic convention held at Chicago in 1887. Here he delivered\n the opening address, \"The True Status of Negro Masonry in\n America.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Hugo Johnston was born in Richmond, Virginia., July\n 29, 1858. Not much is known about his parents. He graduated\n from the Richmond Normal School in Richmond, in 1876, and that\n Fall he was elected a teacher in the public schools of his\n native city. He began in the lowest grade of the system and\n made his way upward until he was elected principal of the\n Baker Street group of schools, having twelve teachers under\n him.","Because of his work at the Baker Street School the State\n Superintendent of Public Instruction, John L. Buchanan, made\n him conductor of the Peabody Institute for \"colored\" teachers\n held at Lynchburg, Virginia. This was one of the largest and\n most successful institutes ever held in the state. Here was\n organized the Virginia Teachers' Reading Circle, and the\n conductor of the Institute was elected President.","In 1886, Governor Fitzbugh Lee, appointed him a member of\n the Board of Vistors of the Virginia Normal and Collegiate\n Institute. He was also elected Secretay of the Board because\n of his record at the Baker Street School. Mr. Johnston would\n also tahe under his administration a three year; Course of\n study was approved by the State Superintendent and begun in\n the Institute in June 1889.","In addition to serving as President, he ws professor of\n Philospohy, Moral Philosphy, and Political Economy. It was in\n recognition of his ability and worth that Shaw University, as\n its commencement held on May 23, 1889, conferred on him the\n degree of A.M.; and in 1882, the Ph. D.","For three years he was corresponding secretary of the\n Virginia Baptist Sunday School Convention. Mr. Johnston was an\n active Mason and has worked his way to the highest level in\n that order. He served two terms each as Grand Master and Grand\n Commander of the State.","As a member of the chapter, he attended the National\n Masonic convention held at Chicago in 1887. Here he delivered\n the opening address, \"The True Status of Negro Masonry in\n America.\""],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Hugo Johnston, Sr., 1865-1914 , Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["James Hugo Johnston, Sr., 1865-1914 , Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Peabody Reading Circle and the \"Virginia\n Teachers Reading\" document the development of profesionalism\n of Africn american Teachers in Virginia. Minutes, reports and\n programs covering the period is all that remains of what would\n become the largest African American profesional organization\n in Virginia. The record books which were used to keep an\n account of the family's household expense are also useful for\n social and family history.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eState Normal and Industrial School, Alabama\n Commencement- Invitation 1892, Livingstone College\n North Carolina commencement 1891, St.Augustine\n Normal School and Collegiate Institute North\n Carolina Annual Commencement 1892, The Trustees of\n Wellesley College Commencement 1889, Fisk\n University Annual Commencement 1892.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMasonic Order 1899\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Peabody Reading Circle and the \"Virginia\n Teachers Reading\" document the development of profesionalism\n of Africn american Teachers in Virginia. Minutes, reports and\n programs covering the period is all that remains of what would\n become the largest African American profesional organization\n in Virginia. The record books which were used to keep an\n account of the family's household expense are also useful for\n social and family history.","State Normal and Industrial School, Alabama\n Commencement- Invitation 1892, Livingstone College\n North Carolina commencement 1891, St.Augustine\n Normal School and Collegiate Institute North\n Carolina Annual Commencement 1892, The Trustees of\n Wellesley College Commencement 1889, Fisk\n University Annual Commencement 1892.","Masonic Order 1899"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe James Hugo Johnston, Sr. papers\n do not contain any correspondence of a personal nature.\n Although there is very little correspondence, there are\n several notebooks maintained by Mr. Johnston; during his\n lifetime. Several books document the early proceedings of the\n Peabody Reading Circle and there are some early notes of the\n formation of the Virginia Teachers Association. There are also\n a number of notebooks documenting the Johnston household\n expenses, and a number of speeches. James Hugo Johnston, Sr.\n was the second President of Virginia State University from\n 1887-1914.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The James Hugo Johnston, Sr. papers\n do not contain any correspondence of a personal nature.\n Although there is very little correspondence, there are\n several notebooks maintained by Mr. Johnston; during his\n lifetime. Several books document the early proceedings of the\n Peabody Reading Circle and there are some early notes of the\n formation of the Virginia Teachers Association. There are also\n a number of notebooks documenting the Johnston household\n expenses, and a number of speeches. James Hugo Johnston, Sr.\n was the second President of Virginia State University from\n 1887-1914."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":103,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00024_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00050_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Legal Documents","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00050_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00050_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00050_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00050_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00050","_root_":"vipets_vipets00050","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00050","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00050","parent_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00050"],"title_filing_ssi":"Legal Documents","title_ssm":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Legal Documents"],"text":["Series II: Legal Documents","A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":13,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00050","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00050","_root_":"vipets_vipets00050","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00050","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00050.xml","title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"text":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984","1965-13","There are no restrictions.","Series I. History of the Colson Family Box # 1 Obituaries,\n records of birth, marriages and short sketches of members of\n the Colson-Hill Family","Sub-Series A. Family History A family history compiled by\n Alice A. Jackson for an exhibit about the Colson family.\n Included are copies of various documents and sketches of a\n number of family members.","Sub-Series B. Obituaries Funeral programs and several\n sketches of deceased family members.","Series II. Estate Correspodence and family documents Box #2\n Legal documents covering various matters of the Colson-Hill\n family. This series includes Colson estate correspondence,\n wills, State and local tax receipts and leases for property Of\n special interest is an application for Canadian citizenship\n for John Henry Hill, who had escaped from the institution of\n slavery in 1857.","Series III. Family Correspondence, Telegrams and\n Postcards","Sub-Series A. Family Correspondence Boxes 3-15 Letters\n between members of this family for more than one hundred\n years. Subjects discussed, the underground railroad, family\n problems, education, politics, sound issues wars, politics and\n civil rights. The materials are arranged chronically\n Correspondence without dates are arranged by alphabet.","Sub-Series B. William Nelson Colson Boxes 16- A interesting\n number of letters written by William Nelson Colson (1890-1922)\n were found together and have been arranged accordingly. The\n materials include family correspondence, personal\n correspondence and correspondence pertaining to his days at\n Virginia Union University.","Sub-Series C: The Colson/Woody 1950-1967 Mainly\n correspondence having to do with Mary Colson's interest in the\n family estate. Included in this material is her will.","Sub-Series D: The John and Mary Colson Shore Papers\n 1844-1877 John K. Shore was married to Mary Colson and lived\n and worked in Petersburg. Shore was a barber, and after the\n Civil War served on the Common Council. The Shore papers\n consist mainly of tax and business receipts.","Sub-Series E: The John and Susie Hill Harris Papers\n 1900,1924 Papers of Susie Hill, sister of Kate Hill Colson.\n Photo, some correspondence.","Sub-Series F. Family Personal Box 20 Family correspondence\n with friends and associates. Very interesting letter from\n William Still to John Henry Hill.","Sub-Series G. Family Business Boxes 21-22 Records of family\n business activities from the anlebellum through the 1950's.\n Most of correspondece documents ownership and rents from\n family owned properties. Included in this sub-series are\n records of the House of Roberts and Colson (1833-1836) a\n merticle Company established by William Neslon Colson and\n Joseph Jenkins Roberts who became the first president of\n Liberia.","Sub-Series H. Family Work Box 23 James Major and Kate Hill\n Colsons work at the John A. Dix School in Dinwiddle County.\n John A. Dix was one of many little Tuskeeges established in\n the United States. Interesting Correspondence with and Colson\n work with the school improvement league. Series Includes\n records of the John A. Dix Industrial School.","Series IV. Edna Colson (Personal, Colson/Meredith,\n Education, Employment) 1905-1984","Sub-Series A. Correspondence Personal Box 24-28\n Correspondence with friends and associates beginning in 1905\n and continuting until 1980. This sub-series is arranged with\n Men Colson's correspondence maintained by date, and her\n correspondence kept by subject heading. Some of the\n correspondents, Ambrose Caliver, Gordan Hancock Jackson Davis,\n A.G. Richardson, and Carrie Gandy.","Sub-Series B. Colson/Meredith Correspondence Boxes 29-32\n Correspondence between Edna Meade Colson and Amaza Meredith\n beginning in 1916 and continuing until 1982. Education, work,\n social and polilical and home ownership. The sub-series\n documents their vacation. Mister Colson and Meredith were\n companion for over fifty years.","Sub-Series C. Correspondence (Education) Box 33 Documents\n Ms.Colson's efforts to acquire graduated training during the\n era of segregation. Miss Colson's association with Teacher\n College began in 1924 and continued until 1964. Correspondence\n documents curriculum, research, problems faced by African\n American students encounted such as housing Colson's\n involvement with the Negro Education Club is also covered. The\n bulk of the correspondence is with Miss Mable Carney who was\n Edna Colson's major Professor at Columbia.","Sub-Series D. Correspondence (Employment) Box 34-47\n Correspondence documenting Edna Meade Colson's forty-four\n years at Virginia State University. Arranged in there\n sections, correspondence with the presidents of Virginia\n State, by Subject heading and by alphabet. There are manuals\n of committees, information about public education in Virginia,\n reports. Arranged alphabetically and chronologically within\n the folder. Correspondence with John M. Gandy, Mable Carney,\n Luther Foster, Jackson Davis, Charles S. Johnson, and\n others.","Series V. Organizations and Affiliations of Edna Meade\n Colson Box # 48-60 This series contains material documenting\n Edna M. Colson's activities on and off the campus during her\n career at Virginia State University. Included in this series\n are records of: The Virginia Federation of Colored Women\n Clubs, the National Association of College Women, the Alpha\n Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Chesterfield County \"Colored\" red\n Cross and others.","Sub-Series A. The Virginia Federation Of Colored Women's\n Clubs 1931,1961, Boxes 48-53 Records and Correspondence of the\n Petersburg Chapter of the Federation of Colored Women.\n Included are materials from the Petersburg Women's Council and\n the Virginia State College Education Club.","Sub-Series B. The National Association of College Women\n 1925-1964 Boxes 54-56 The National Association of Colored\n Women was organized in 1923 at Howard University. At this\n meeting a temporary NACW was established. One year later a\n larger group of African-American women met in Washington and\n formed a permanent \"National Association of College Women.\"\n The Virginia State University Chapter was organized March 8th\n 1925 by Ms. Pauline Puryear. Edna Colson was one of the\n charter members. Mrs. Colson served as President of the\n Petersburg Branch, sectional director for the South and\n National Vice President. The materials include minutes,\n records, programs, photographs, and Correspondence.","Sub-Series C. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc. Boxes 57- 57\n A, 57 B Correspondence, minutes and reports of the Delta Omega\n Graduate Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority. Miss Colson\n was one of the charter members of this chapter, which was\n established at Virginia State University in 1925.","Sub-Series D. The Chesterfield County Red Cross 1929-1948\n Box 58 Minutes, correspondence, reports and By-Laws of the\n Chesterfield County Red Cross. Miss Colson was the Chairman of\n the \"Colored Auxiliary\". The \"Colored Auxiliary\" attempted to\n ensure fair treatment in dispersing services being provided\n during the depression and the War years.","Sub-Series E. The Virginia Society for Research 1930-1934\n Box 58 The Virginia Society for Research was established to\n promote and encourage serious research in the field of\n education, and to demonstrate that information derived from\n these efforts. Correspondence, minutes, and constitution.","Sub-Series F. The Negro Organizational Society 1912-1952\n Box 59 The NOS was organized in 1912 to work on improving the\n schools, health, and homes of African American. This\n sub-series contains correspondence, reports and newsletters of\n this groups activities. Included in the materials are some\n correspondence concerning the School Improvement League.","Sub-Series G. The Gillfield Baptist Church 1910, 1974 Box\n 59 Correspondence, Parish Minister and information about\n placing stained glass windows in Gillfield.","Sub-Series H. The Links Incorporated 1958,1965 Container 59\n Some materials about the Eastern Area Conference of the \"Links\n Incorporated\" one folder.","Sub-Series I. The Virginia Commission on Interracial\n Cooperation Box 59 One folder of correspondence","Sub-Series J. The Committee for Virginia 1940,1946 Box 59\n One folder, includes a Constitution written in 1940 and some\n correspondence","Sub-Series K. The N.A.A.C.P 1949 Two folders,\n Correspondence to Edna Colson about membership. One Folder\n contains a copy of a Petersburg Chapter Newsletters.","Sub-Series L The Virginia Council On Human Relations\n 1955-1975 Box 60 Correspondence, Reports, minutes, and printed\n items. The correspondence and addresses a number of social and\n political issues which were of great concern during this time.\n Miss Colson was a member of the board of Directors.","Sub-Series M. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee\n 1960 Box 60 Newsletters and hand-bills","Sub-Series N. The SCLC 1961-1964 Box 60 SCLC Newsletter\n 1961, 1966","Series VI. Literary Box # 61-63 Diaries, speeches and\n articles produced by family members. In this series are a\n number of diaries of James Major Colson. While he was a\n student at Dartmouth College. The majority of the materials\n however are writings and speeches of Edna M. Colson.","Series VII. Financial Records Boxes # 64-66 Receipts and\n bills for school, rental household (including furniture, food,\n and clothing). There are a number of ledgers.","Sub-Series A. Receipts and Bills Boxes # 64-65 A unique\n array of receipts and bills of the Colson-Hill Family.\n Included are receipts for rent, school bills, medical\n receipts, household (including furniture, food, and clothing),\n and contractors.","Sub-Series B. Ledgers and Bank Books Box # 66 Rental books\n maintained by the Colson-Hill family. The Ledgers also contain\n information about family purchases and receipts for building\n and contractors.","Series VIII. Photographs Boxes 67-74 Photographs of family\n and friends. The material is arranged into several\n sub-series.","Sub-Series A. Family ,Many of the photos in these paper\n were taken on the 1870's and 80's.","Sub-Series B. William Nelson Colson III. Colson, was a\n student studying law at Harvard University in 1917 when he\n decided to join the United State Army. The photo's which\n William Nelson sent home from Fort Ames,Iowa gave his family\n and friends some idea of what he was doing in officers\n training school. The photos incude some postcards of camp\n scenes.","Sub-series C. Photographs- Friends(by name), of Edna Meade\n Colson or school affiliations. In addition there are a number\n of photographs of individuals,quit a few were friends or\n former students of Kate Colson. Many of the photographs are\n not identified by name. Many of the photographs were taken in\n the following locations: The Leath Company, Rockwell and the\n New York Gallery were all in Petersburg others were taken in\n Richmond, Danville, New York, Winston-Salem, Baltimore,\n Philadelphia and Washington D.C.","Sub-Series D. Photograph Book Photo Book containing mostly\n tin-types of friends of the Colson-Hill family. Most are in\n color.","Series IX. Scrapbooks Twelve scrapbooks generated by Edna\n Meade Colson. Each book is titled. Most of the books consist\n of photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.","Series X. Printed","Sub-Series A. Programs, Invitations, Pamphlets Programs,\n Invitations, and Pamphlets collected by family members.","Sub-Series B. Degrees Grade reports for several members of\n the Colson family. Of particular interest James Major Colson\n Jr's prep school reports.","Sub-Series C. Newspaper Clippings News clippings of\n particular interest to members of the family.","The Beginnings of the Colson Family can be traced back to\n 1791. The Person of record was James Colson (1768-1824) who\n had been enslaved by a William Nelson of York County Virginia.\n He was emancipated in Williamsburg around 1791 and it is\n certain that by 1794 James Colson was living in Petersburg\n Virginia.","James Colson became a barber. This was one of the\n occupations free African American men were allowed to engage\n in. In 1804, Colson purchased a lot on Union Street and around\n 1820 another piece of property on Oak Street. James Colson\n died in 1825 and his son William took over the Business. In\n 1826 William Colson married Sarah Elebek. One of five children\n fathered by Major Elebek. Elebek like Colson was also a barber\n and a free African American.","William Colson became interested in the American\n Colonization Society's (1817-1895) efforts to remove to Africa\n all African Americans to what would become Liberia. At this\n time in Petersburg the Colson and Elebek families were members\n of the Methodist Church. Here they met another family by the\n name of Roberts. The Roberts and Colson family combined and\n formed a mercantile business, and Roberts and his family\n emigrated to Liberia. William Nelson Colson remained in\n Petersburg and managed the business from the U.S. side. In\n 1835 William Colson went to Liberia to confer with Roberts\n where he became ill and died.","Three children came from the Union of William and Sarah\n Elebek Colson. James Major, Mary Alexena and William Nelson\n Colson. Mary Alexena Colson married John K. Shore and William\n Nelson married Milvina and moved to Boston, Massachusetts.\n James Major Colson married Fannie Meade Bolling of Petersburg\n in 1850. Nine children were born to this couple.","The other component of this family were a mixture of free\n African American and enslaved family. John Henry Hill was born\n in King and Queen county Virginia in 1828. Like many others\n born into bondage, Hill was trained as a carpenter and was\n hired out by his owner. Although a native of King and Queen,\n Hill was either sold or rented out in Petersburg and in1853\n was owned by a John Mitchell. Hill had also married a free\n African American woman, Rose McCray and they were the parents\n of two young sons.","Hill was enslaved and in 1853 his owner had decided to sell\n him. It is unclear how Hill found out. His possible sale and\n instead of being sold, he escaped. Hill found his way to\n Canada where his wife later joined him, and the seven Hill\n daughters were born. After the Civil War Hill returned to\n Petersburg, became a prosperous Businessman and engaged in\n local politics.","Edna Meade Colson was born October 7, 1888, in Petersburg,\n Virginia, the oldest of five children to James Major Colson,\n Jr., and his wife Kate Hill Colson who was one of the\n daughters of John Henry Hill.","Included in these materials is an interesting letter from\n William Still and in the Alice and Henry Colson Jackson Papers\n correspondence regarding the House of Roberts and Colson.","Edna Meade Colson was a product of the Petersburg public\n school system. After graduation from Peabody High School in\n 1904, she continued her education at Fisk University in\n Nashville, Tennessee. In 1908 she completed the Normal Course\n and joined the staff of Virginia State (then the Virginia\n Normal and Industrial Institute) in 1909. Edna Colson returned\n to Fisk and earned the Bachelor of Education in 1915. She\n later earned the Degrees of Bachelor of Science in 1923,\n Master of Arts in 1924, and Doctor of Philosophy in 1940 from\n Columbia Teachers College, New York. Her dissertation was An\n Analysis of Specific References to Negroes in Selected\n Curricula for the Education of Teachers.","During her career at Virginia State University Miss Colson\n served as classroom teacher, Supervisor of Student Teaching,\n Director of the Normal School, and Director of the Division of\n Education through the changing phases of the development of\n the University. In 1951 she became the Director of the newly\n created School of Education.","Miss Colson was very active in school functions at\n Teachers. She was Vice President of the Negro Education Club,\n and in 1931 she was a representative of the Club to the White\n House Conference on Education, and in the summer of 1939 she\n studied workshop organization at the University of\n Chicago.","Miss Colson was: affiliated with the American Association\n of University Professors, The Association for Supervision and\n Curriculum Development, The Virginia Teachers Association, The\n Virginia Association of Jeanes Supervisors, and the Virginia\n Academy of Science, a life member of the American Teachers\n Association, a charter member of the Virginia Research\n Society, the National Association of College Women. The\n Virginia Interracial Commission, the Negro Organization\n Society, The American Red Cross, The National Association for\n the Advancement of Colored People, a charter member of the\n Delta Omega Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha, and the Virginia\n State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.","Miss Colson was a prolific writer and a highly sought after\n speaker throughout the state of Virginia. During her career\n she contributed articles to the Virginia State College\n Gazette, The Quarterly Journal of Higher Education for Negroes\n and the Journal of Negro Education.","Edna Colson was considered an authority on curriculum\n development and on source materials which could be used in\n teaching about the African American experience in America. She\n was considered by many to be the most influential person in\n the development of African American teachers, and teacher\n education.","Edna Colson corresponded with J.L. Blair, H.C. Newbold, L.\n C. Reynolds, Jannie Porter Barrett, A.G. Richardson, Eva\n Mitchell, Fred M. Alexander, D.A. Wilkerson, Rose Butler\n Brown, Mary Branch, Belle Boone Beard, and Mable Carney.","The Colson Hill Family Papers document one of the most\n unique African-American families in the United States. This\n manuscript group covers this family's life and activities in\n the Commonwealth of Virginia from 1834-1984. These papers\n document the family's involvement with: The establishment of\n Liberia, the Underground Railroad, the establishment of\n Virginia State University, public education in Petersburg and\n in Virginia, the readjuster party, business in Petersburg and\n the social and community activities in the African American\n community as well. Not only did Miss Colson become keeper of\n the family papers, her long an outstanding career led to the\n creation of a large number of records documenting her\n productive life as well. Miss Colson was a teacher and a\n teacher of teachers. She was a student and believer in the\n idea that education could solve societies social, political,\n and economic ills. The papers provide a window into several\n aspects of African American society rarely scene. The bulk of\n the materials is in the form on correspondence, however, there\n are numerous printed items and photographs as well. The papers\n are quite useful for the study of: History of Education,\n Women's History, Local History, Family History, and Social and\n Economic History.","Four diaries maintained by James Major Colson Jr.\n beginning in January of 1878 and continuing through\n 1899. Not only did James Major Colson maintain a\n diary, his wife Kate also began in 1887 her first\n diray. Mrs. Colson's diary,however, only covers a few\n months of that year. Also, In this sub-series is a\n diary belonging to William Nelson Colson II, son of\n James and Kate Colson. The Diary begins in the summer\n of 1914 and continues to February 1915. During this\n time Mr.Colson was a member of the faculty at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond, VA.","Notebooks kept by James Major Colson and Kate Hill\n as students. Mr.Colson's notebook covers a variety of\n subjects taken taken at Dartmouth. Included is a\n notebook maintained for his class in Physics\n (1881-1882) other subjects include language, natural\n history, physiology, and literature. Mrs. Colson\n notebook covers a number of subjects, which would\n have been included in the study for a teaching\n certificate at this time.","A Composition notebook kept by Edna M. Colson. The\n notebook appears to have been used to teach Sunday\n School classes. Two autograph books, one belonging to\n Miss Kate Hill (later Kate Colson) and dates from\n 1882-through Aug 1883. The other autograph book\n belongs to Miss Edna Meade Colson and covers the time\n span from 1907 through 1909. There is also a travel\n log which was kept by Edna M. Colson, no date.","Photo Book containing mostly tin-types of\n friends of the Colson/Hill Family. Most are in\n color.","Twelve Scrapbooks generated by Edna Meade Colson.\n Each book is titled. Most of the books consist of\n photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.","2 boxes loose news clipping from a number of\n newspapers from around the United States no order or\n no arrangement","There are no restrictions.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of The\n Colson-Hill Family \n \n 1833-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1965-13"],"unitid_tesim":["1965-13"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["The Colson-Hill Papers are a\n gift of the Colson Family."],"creator_ssim":["The Colson-Hill Papers are a\n gift of the Colson Family."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. History of the Colson Family Box # 1 Obituaries,\n records of birth, marriages and short sketches of members of\n the Colson-Hill Family\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Family History A family history compiled by\n Alice A. Jackson for an exhibit about the Colson family.\n Included are copies of various documents and sketches of a\n number of family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Obituaries Funeral programs and several\n sketches of deceased family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Estate Correspodence and family documents Box #2\n Legal documents covering various matters of the Colson-Hill\n family. This series includes Colson estate correspondence,\n wills, State and local tax receipts and leases for property Of\n special interest is an application for Canadian citizenship\n for John Henry Hill, who had escaped from the institution of\n slavery in 1857.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Family Correspondence, Telegrams and\n Postcards\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Family Correspondence Boxes 3-15 Letters\n between members of this family for more than one hundred\n years. Subjects discussed, the underground railroad, family\n problems, education, politics, sound issues wars, politics and\n civil rights. The materials are arranged chronically\n Correspondence without dates are arranged by alphabet.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. William Nelson Colson Boxes 16- A interesting\n number of letters written by William Nelson Colson (1890-1922)\n were found together and have been arranged accordingly. The\n materials include family correspondence, personal\n correspondence and correspondence pertaining to his days at\n Virginia Union University.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C: The Colson/Woody 1950-1967 Mainly\n correspondence having to do with Mary Colson's interest in the\n family estate. Included in this material is her will.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D: The John and Mary Colson Shore Papers\n 1844-1877 John K. Shore was married to Mary Colson and lived\n and worked in Petersburg. Shore was a barber, and after the\n Civil War served on the Common Council. The Shore papers\n consist mainly of tax and business receipts.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E: The John and Susie Hill Harris Papers\n 1900,1924 Papers of Susie Hill, sister of Kate Hill Colson.\n Photo, some correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series F. Family Personal Box 20 Family correspondence\n with friends and associates. Very interesting letter from\n William Still to John Henry Hill.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series G. Family Business Boxes 21-22 Records of family\n business activities from the anlebellum through the 1950's.\n Most of correspondece documents ownership and rents from\n family owned properties. Included in this sub-series are\n records of the House of Roberts and Colson (1833-1836) a\n merticle Company established by William Neslon Colson and\n Joseph Jenkins Roberts who became the first president of\n Liberia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series H. Family Work Box 23 James Major and Kate Hill\n Colsons work at the John A. Dix School in Dinwiddle County.\n John A. Dix was one of many little Tuskeeges established in\n the United States. Interesting Correspondence with and Colson\n work with the school improvement league. Series Includes\n records of the John A. Dix Industrial School.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Edna Colson (Personal, Colson/Meredith,\n Education, Employment) 1905-1984\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Correspondence Personal Box 24-28\n Correspondence with friends and associates beginning in 1905\n and continuting until 1980. This sub-series is arranged with\n Men Colson's correspondence maintained by date, and her\n correspondence kept by subject heading. Some of the\n correspondents, Ambrose Caliver, Gordan Hancock Jackson Davis,\n A.G. Richardson, and Carrie Gandy.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Colson/Meredith Correspondence Boxes 29-32\n Correspondence between Edna Meade Colson and Amaza Meredith\n beginning in 1916 and continuing until 1982. Education, work,\n social and polilical and home ownership. The sub-series\n documents their vacation. Mister Colson and Meredith were\n companion for over fifty years.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Correspondence (Education) Box 33 Documents\n Ms.Colson's efforts to acquire graduated training during the\n era of segregation. Miss Colson's association with Teacher\n College began in 1924 and continued until 1964. Correspondence\n documents curriculum, research, problems faced by African\n American students encounted such as housing Colson's\n involvement with the Negro Education Club is also covered. The\n bulk of the correspondence is with Miss Mable Carney who was\n Edna Colson's major Professor at Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Correspondence (Employment) Box 34-47\n Correspondence documenting Edna Meade Colson's forty-four\n years at Virginia State University. Arranged in there\n sections, correspondence with the presidents of Virginia\n State, by Subject heading and by alphabet. There are manuals\n of committees, information about public education in Virginia,\n reports. Arranged alphabetically and chronologically within\n the folder. Correspondence with John M. Gandy, Mable Carney,\n Luther Foster, Jackson Davis, Charles S. Johnson, and\n others.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Organizations and Affiliations of Edna Meade\n Colson Box # 48-60 This series contains material documenting\n Edna M. Colson's activities on and off the campus during her\n career at Virginia State University. Included in this series\n are records of: The Virginia Federation of Colored Women\n Clubs, the National Association of College Women, the Alpha\n Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Chesterfield County \"Colored\" red\n Cross and others.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. The Virginia Federation Of Colored Women's\n Clubs 1931,1961, Boxes 48-53 Records and Correspondence of the\n Petersburg Chapter of the Federation of Colored Women.\n Included are materials from the Petersburg Women's Council and\n the Virginia State College Education Club.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. The National Association of College Women\n 1925-1964 Boxes 54-56 The National Association of Colored\n Women was organized in 1923 at Howard University. At this\n meeting a temporary NACW was established. One year later a\n larger group of African-American women met in Washington and\n formed a permanent \"National Association of College Women.\"\n The Virginia State University Chapter was organized March 8th\n 1925 by Ms. Pauline Puryear. Edna Colson was one of the\n charter members. Mrs. Colson served as President of the\n Petersburg Branch, sectional director for the South and\n National Vice President. The materials include minutes,\n records, programs, photographs, and Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc. Boxes 57- 57\n A, 57 B Correspondence, minutes and reports of the Delta Omega\n Graduate Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority. Miss Colson\n was one of the charter members of this chapter, which was\n established at Virginia State University in 1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. The Chesterfield County Red Cross 1929-1948\n Box 58 Minutes, correspondence, reports and By-Laws of the\n Chesterfield County Red Cross. Miss Colson was the Chairman of\n the \"Colored Auxiliary\". The \"Colored Auxiliary\" attempted to\n ensure fair treatment in dispersing services being provided\n during the depression and the War years.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E. The Virginia Society for Research 1930-1934\n Box 58 The Virginia Society for Research was established to\n promote and encourage serious research in the field of\n education, and to demonstrate that information derived from\n these efforts. Correspondence, minutes, and constitution.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series F. The Negro Organizational Society 1912-1952\n Box 59 The NOS was organized in 1912 to work on improving the\n schools, health, and homes of African American. This\n sub-series contains correspondence, reports and newsletters of\n this groups activities. Included in the materials are some\n correspondence concerning the School Improvement League.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series G. The Gillfield Baptist Church 1910, 1974 Box\n 59 Correspondence, Parish Minister and information about\n placing stained glass windows in Gillfield.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series H. The Links Incorporated 1958,1965 Container 59\n Some materials about the Eastern Area Conference of the \"Links\n Incorporated\" one folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series I. The Virginia Commission on Interracial\n Cooperation Box 59 One folder of correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series J. The Committee for Virginia 1940,1946 Box 59\n One folder, includes a Constitution written in 1940 and some\n correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series K. The N.A.A.C.P 1949 Two folders,\n Correspondence to Edna Colson about membership. One Folder\n contains a copy of a Petersburg Chapter Newsletters.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series L The Virginia Council On Human Relations\n 1955-1975 Box 60 Correspondence, Reports, minutes, and printed\n items. The correspondence and addresses a number of social and\n political issues which were of great concern during this time.\n Miss Colson was a member of the board of Directors.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series M. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee\n 1960 Box 60 Newsletters and hand-bills\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series N. The SCLC 1961-1964 Box 60 SCLC Newsletter\n 1961, 1966\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Literary Box # 61-63 Diaries, speeches and\n articles produced by family members. In this series are a\n number of diaries of James Major Colson. While he was a\n student at Dartmouth College. The majority of the materials\n however are writings and speeches of Edna M. Colson.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Financial Records Boxes # 64-66 Receipts and\n bills for school, rental household (including furniture, food,\n and clothing). There are a number of ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Receipts and Bills Boxes # 64-65 A unique\n array of receipts and bills of the Colson-Hill Family.\n Included are receipts for rent, school bills, medical\n receipts, household (including furniture, food, and clothing),\n and contractors.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Ledgers and Bank Books Box # 66 Rental books\n maintained by the Colson-Hill family. The Ledgers also contain\n information about family purchases and receipts for building\n and contractors.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Photographs Boxes 67-74 Photographs of family\n and friends. The material is arranged into several\n sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Family ,Many of the photos in these paper\n were taken on the 1870's and 80's.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. William Nelson Colson III. Colson, was a\n student studying law at Harvard University in 1917 when he\n decided to join the United State Army. The photo's which\n William Nelson sent home from Fort Ames,Iowa gave his family\n and friends some idea of what he was doing in officers\n training school. The photos incude some postcards of camp\n scenes.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series C. Photographs- Friends(by name), of Edna Meade\n Colson or school affiliations. In addition there are a number\n of photographs of individuals,quit a few were friends or\n former students of Kate Colson. Many of the photographs are\n not identified by name. Many of the photographs were taken in\n the following locations: The Leath Company, Rockwell and the\n New York Gallery were all in Petersburg others were taken in\n Richmond, Danville, New York, Winston-Salem, Baltimore,\n Philadelphia and Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Photograph Book Photo Book containing mostly\n tin-types of friends of the Colson-Hill family. Most are in\n color.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Scrapbooks Twelve scrapbooks generated by Edna\n Meade Colson. Each book is titled. Most of the books consist\n of photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Printed\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Programs, Invitations, Pamphlets Programs,\n Invitations, and Pamphlets collected by family members.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Degrees Grade reports for several members of\n the Colson family. Of particular interest James Major Colson\n Jr's prep school reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Newspaper Clippings News clippings of\n particular interest to members of the family.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. History of the Colson Family Box # 1 Obituaries,\n records of birth, marriages and short sketches of members of\n the Colson-Hill Family","Sub-Series A. Family History A family history compiled by\n Alice A. Jackson for an exhibit about the Colson family.\n Included are copies of various documents and sketches of a\n number of family members.","Sub-Series B. Obituaries Funeral programs and several\n sketches of deceased family members.","Series II. Estate Correspodence and family documents Box #2\n Legal documents covering various matters of the Colson-Hill\n family. This series includes Colson estate correspondence,\n wills, State and local tax receipts and leases for property Of\n special interest is an application for Canadian citizenship\n for John Henry Hill, who had escaped from the institution of\n slavery in 1857.","Series III. Family Correspondence, Telegrams and\n Postcards","Sub-Series A. Family Correspondence Boxes 3-15 Letters\n between members of this family for more than one hundred\n years. Subjects discussed, the underground railroad, family\n problems, education, politics, sound issues wars, politics and\n civil rights. The materials are arranged chronically\n Correspondence without dates are arranged by alphabet.","Sub-Series B. William Nelson Colson Boxes 16- A interesting\n number of letters written by William Nelson Colson (1890-1922)\n were found together and have been arranged accordingly. The\n materials include family correspondence, personal\n correspondence and correspondence pertaining to his days at\n Virginia Union University.","Sub-Series C: The Colson/Woody 1950-1967 Mainly\n correspondence having to do with Mary Colson's interest in the\n family estate. Included in this material is her will.","Sub-Series D: The John and Mary Colson Shore Papers\n 1844-1877 John K. Shore was married to Mary Colson and lived\n and worked in Petersburg. Shore was a barber, and after the\n Civil War served on the Common Council. The Shore papers\n consist mainly of tax and business receipts.","Sub-Series E: The John and Susie Hill Harris Papers\n 1900,1924 Papers of Susie Hill, sister of Kate Hill Colson.\n Photo, some correspondence.","Sub-Series F. Family Personal Box 20 Family correspondence\n with friends and associates. Very interesting letter from\n William Still to John Henry Hill.","Sub-Series G. Family Business Boxes 21-22 Records of family\n business activities from the anlebellum through the 1950's.\n Most of correspondece documents ownership and rents from\n family owned properties. Included in this sub-series are\n records of the House of Roberts and Colson (1833-1836) a\n merticle Company established by William Neslon Colson and\n Joseph Jenkins Roberts who became the first president of\n Liberia.","Sub-Series H. Family Work Box 23 James Major and Kate Hill\n Colsons work at the John A. Dix School in Dinwiddle County.\n John A. Dix was one of many little Tuskeeges established in\n the United States. Interesting Correspondence with and Colson\n work with the school improvement league. Series Includes\n records of the John A. Dix Industrial School.","Series IV. Edna Colson (Personal, Colson/Meredith,\n Education, Employment) 1905-1984","Sub-Series A. Correspondence Personal Box 24-28\n Correspondence with friends and associates beginning in 1905\n and continuting until 1980. This sub-series is arranged with\n Men Colson's correspondence maintained by date, and her\n correspondence kept by subject heading. Some of the\n correspondents, Ambrose Caliver, Gordan Hancock Jackson Davis,\n A.G. Richardson, and Carrie Gandy.","Sub-Series B. Colson/Meredith Correspondence Boxes 29-32\n Correspondence between Edna Meade Colson and Amaza Meredith\n beginning in 1916 and continuing until 1982. Education, work,\n social and polilical and home ownership. The sub-series\n documents their vacation. Mister Colson and Meredith were\n companion for over fifty years.","Sub-Series C. Correspondence (Education) Box 33 Documents\n Ms.Colson's efforts to acquire graduated training during the\n era of segregation. Miss Colson's association with Teacher\n College began in 1924 and continued until 1964. Correspondence\n documents curriculum, research, problems faced by African\n American students encounted such as housing Colson's\n involvement with the Negro Education Club is also covered. The\n bulk of the correspondence is with Miss Mable Carney who was\n Edna Colson's major Professor at Columbia.","Sub-Series D. Correspondence (Employment) Box 34-47\n Correspondence documenting Edna Meade Colson's forty-four\n years at Virginia State University. Arranged in there\n sections, correspondence with the presidents of Virginia\n State, by Subject heading and by alphabet. There are manuals\n of committees, information about public education in Virginia,\n reports. Arranged alphabetically and chronologically within\n the folder. Correspondence with John M. Gandy, Mable Carney,\n Luther Foster, Jackson Davis, Charles S. Johnson, and\n others.","Series V. Organizations and Affiliations of Edna Meade\n Colson Box # 48-60 This series contains material documenting\n Edna M. Colson's activities on and off the campus during her\n career at Virginia State University. Included in this series\n are records of: The Virginia Federation of Colored Women\n Clubs, the National Association of College Women, the Alpha\n Kappa Alpha Sorority, the Chesterfield County \"Colored\" red\n Cross and others.","Sub-Series A. The Virginia Federation Of Colored Women's\n Clubs 1931,1961, Boxes 48-53 Records and Correspondence of the\n Petersburg Chapter of the Federation of Colored Women.\n Included are materials from the Petersburg Women's Council and\n the Virginia State College Education Club.","Sub-Series B. The National Association of College Women\n 1925-1964 Boxes 54-56 The National Association of Colored\n Women was organized in 1923 at Howard University. At this\n meeting a temporary NACW was established. One year later a\n larger group of African-American women met in Washington and\n formed a permanent \"National Association of College Women.\"\n The Virginia State University Chapter was organized March 8th\n 1925 by Ms. Pauline Puryear. Edna Colson was one of the\n charter members. Mrs. Colson served as President of the\n Petersburg Branch, sectional director for the South and\n National Vice President. The materials include minutes,\n records, programs, photographs, and Correspondence.","Sub-Series C. Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Inc. Boxes 57- 57\n A, 57 B Correspondence, minutes and reports of the Delta Omega\n Graduate Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority. Miss Colson\n was one of the charter members of this chapter, which was\n established at Virginia State University in 1925.","Sub-Series D. The Chesterfield County Red Cross 1929-1948\n Box 58 Minutes, correspondence, reports and By-Laws of the\n Chesterfield County Red Cross. Miss Colson was the Chairman of\n the \"Colored Auxiliary\". The \"Colored Auxiliary\" attempted to\n ensure fair treatment in dispersing services being provided\n during the depression and the War years.","Sub-Series E. The Virginia Society for Research 1930-1934\n Box 58 The Virginia Society for Research was established to\n promote and encourage serious research in the field of\n education, and to demonstrate that information derived from\n these efforts. Correspondence, minutes, and constitution.","Sub-Series F. The Negro Organizational Society 1912-1952\n Box 59 The NOS was organized in 1912 to work on improving the\n schools, health, and homes of African American. This\n sub-series contains correspondence, reports and newsletters of\n this groups activities. Included in the materials are some\n correspondence concerning the School Improvement League.","Sub-Series G. The Gillfield Baptist Church 1910, 1974 Box\n 59 Correspondence, Parish Minister and information about\n placing stained glass windows in Gillfield.","Sub-Series H. The Links Incorporated 1958,1965 Container 59\n Some materials about the Eastern Area Conference of the \"Links\n Incorporated\" one folder.","Sub-Series I. The Virginia Commission on Interracial\n Cooperation Box 59 One folder of correspondence","Sub-Series J. The Committee for Virginia 1940,1946 Box 59\n One folder, includes a Constitution written in 1940 and some\n correspondence","Sub-Series K. The N.A.A.C.P 1949 Two folders,\n Correspondence to Edna Colson about membership. One Folder\n contains a copy of a Petersburg Chapter Newsletters.","Sub-Series L The Virginia Council On Human Relations\n 1955-1975 Box 60 Correspondence, Reports, minutes, and printed\n items. The correspondence and addresses a number of social and\n political issues which were of great concern during this time.\n Miss Colson was a member of the board of Directors.","Sub-Series M. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee\n 1960 Box 60 Newsletters and hand-bills","Sub-Series N. The SCLC 1961-1964 Box 60 SCLC Newsletter\n 1961, 1966","Series VI. Literary Box # 61-63 Diaries, speeches and\n articles produced by family members. In this series are a\n number of diaries of James Major Colson. While he was a\n student at Dartmouth College. The majority of the materials\n however are writings and speeches of Edna M. Colson.","Series VII. Financial Records Boxes # 64-66 Receipts and\n bills for school, rental household (including furniture, food,\n and clothing). There are a number of ledgers.","Sub-Series A. Receipts and Bills Boxes # 64-65 A unique\n array of receipts and bills of the Colson-Hill Family.\n Included are receipts for rent, school bills, medical\n receipts, household (including furniture, food, and clothing),\n and contractors.","Sub-Series B. Ledgers and Bank Books Box # 66 Rental books\n maintained by the Colson-Hill family. The Ledgers also contain\n information about family purchases and receipts for building\n and contractors.","Series VIII. Photographs Boxes 67-74 Photographs of family\n and friends. The material is arranged into several\n sub-series.","Sub-Series A. Family ,Many of the photos in these paper\n were taken on the 1870's and 80's.","Sub-Series B. William Nelson Colson III. Colson, was a\n student studying law at Harvard University in 1917 when he\n decided to join the United State Army. The photo's which\n William Nelson sent home from Fort Ames,Iowa gave his family\n and friends some idea of what he was doing in officers\n training school. The photos incude some postcards of camp\n scenes.","Sub-series C. Photographs- Friends(by name), of Edna Meade\n Colson or school affiliations. In addition there are a number\n of photographs of individuals,quit a few were friends or\n former students of Kate Colson. Many of the photographs are\n not identified by name. Many of the photographs were taken in\n the following locations: The Leath Company, Rockwell and the\n New York Gallery were all in Petersburg others were taken in\n Richmond, Danville, New York, Winston-Salem, Baltimore,\n Philadelphia and Washington D.C.","Sub-Series D. Photograph Book Photo Book containing mostly\n tin-types of friends of the Colson-Hill family. Most are in\n color.","Series IX. Scrapbooks Twelve scrapbooks generated by Edna\n Meade Colson. Each book is titled. Most of the books consist\n of photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.","Series X. Printed","Sub-Series A. Programs, Invitations, Pamphlets Programs,\n Invitations, and Pamphlets collected by family members.","Sub-Series B. Degrees Grade reports for several members of\n the Colson family. Of particular interest James Major Colson\n Jr's prep school reports.","Sub-Series C. Newspaper Clippings News clippings of\n particular interest to members of the family."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beginnings of the Colson Family can be traced back to\n 1791. The Person of record was James Colson (1768-1824) who\n had been enslaved by a William Nelson of York County Virginia.\n He was emancipated in Williamsburg around 1791 and it is\n certain that by 1794 James Colson was living in Petersburg\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eJames Colson became a barber. This was one of the\n occupations free African American men were allowed to engage\n in. In 1804, Colson purchased a lot on Union Street and around\n 1820 another piece of property on Oak Street. James Colson\n died in 1825 and his son William took over the Business. In\n 1826 William Colson married Sarah Elebek. One of five children\n fathered by Major Elebek. Elebek like Colson was also a barber\n and a free African American.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Colson became interested in the American\n Colonization Society's (1817-1895) efforts to remove to Africa\n all African Americans to what would become Liberia. At this\n time in Petersburg the Colson and Elebek families were members\n of the Methodist Church. Here they met another family by the\n name of Roberts. The Roberts and Colson family combined and\n formed a mercantile business, and Roberts and his family\n emigrated to Liberia. William Nelson Colson remained in\n Petersburg and managed the business from the U.S. side. In\n 1835 William Colson went to Liberia to confer with Roberts\n where he became ill and died.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThree children came from the Union of William and Sarah\n Elebek Colson. James Major, Mary Alexena and William Nelson\n Colson. Mary Alexena Colson married John K. Shore and William\n Nelson married Milvina and moved to Boston, Massachusetts.\n James Major Colson married Fannie Meade Bolling of Petersburg\n in 1850. Nine children were born to this couple.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe other component of this family were a mixture of free\n African American and enslaved family. John Henry Hill was born\n in King and Queen county Virginia in 1828. Like many others\n born into bondage, Hill was trained as a carpenter and was\n hired out by his owner. Although a native of King and Queen,\n Hill was either sold or rented out in Petersburg and in1853\n was owned by a John Mitchell. Hill had also married a free\n African American woman, Rose McCray and they were the parents\n of two young sons.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHill was enslaved and in 1853 his owner had decided to sell\n him. It is unclear how Hill found out. His possible sale and\n instead of being sold, he escaped. Hill found his way to\n Canada where his wife later joined him, and the seven Hill\n daughters were born. After the Civil War Hill returned to\n Petersburg, became a prosperous Businessman and engaged in\n local politics.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eEdna Meade Colson was born October 7, 1888, in Petersburg,\n Virginia, the oldest of five children to James Major Colson,\n Jr., and his wife Kate Hill Colson who was one of the\n daughters of John Henry Hill.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIncluded in these materials is an interesting letter from\n William Still and in the Alice and Henry Colson Jackson Papers\n correspondence regarding the House of Roberts and Colson.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eEdna Meade Colson was a product of the Petersburg public\n school system. After graduation from Peabody High School in\n 1904, she continued her education at Fisk University in\n Nashville, Tennessee. In 1908 she completed the Normal Course\n and joined the staff of Virginia State (then the Virginia\n Normal and Industrial Institute) in 1909. Edna Colson returned\n to Fisk and earned the Bachelor of Education in 1915. She\n later earned the Degrees of Bachelor of Science in 1923,\n Master of Arts in 1924, and Doctor of Philosophy in 1940 from\n Columbia Teachers College, New York. Her dissertation was An\n Analysis of Specific References to Negroes in Selected\n Curricula for the Education of Teachers.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDuring her career at Virginia State University Miss Colson\n served as classroom teacher, Supervisor of Student Teaching,\n Director of the Normal School, and Director of the Division of\n Education through the changing phases of the development of\n the University. In 1951 she became the Director of the newly\n created School of Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMiss Colson was very active in school functions at\n Teachers. She was Vice President of the Negro Education Club,\n and in 1931 she was a representative of the Club to the White\n House Conference on Education, and in the summer of 1939 she\n studied workshop organization at the University of\n Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMiss Colson was: affiliated with the American Association\n of University Professors, The Association for Supervision and\n Curriculum Development, The Virginia Teachers Association, The\n Virginia Association of Jeanes Supervisors, and the Virginia\n Academy of Science, a life member of the American Teachers\n Association, a charter member of the Virginia Research\n Society, the National Association of College Women. The\n Virginia Interracial Commission, the Negro Organization\n Society, The American Red Cross, The National Association for\n the Advancement of Colored People, a charter member of the\n Delta Omega Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha, and the Virginia\n State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMiss Colson was a prolific writer and a highly sought after\n speaker throughout the state of Virginia. During her career\n she contributed articles to the Virginia State College\n Gazette, The Quarterly Journal of Higher Education for Negroes\n and the Journal of Negro Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eEdna Colson was considered an authority on curriculum\n development and on source materials which could be used in\n teaching about the African American experience in America. She\n was considered by many to be the most influential person in\n the development of African American teachers, and teacher\n education.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eEdna Colson corresponded with J.L. Blair, H.C. Newbold, L.\n C. Reynolds, Jannie Porter Barrett, A.G. Richardson, Eva\n Mitchell, Fred M. Alexander, D.A. Wilkerson, Rose Butler\n Brown, Mary Branch, Belle Boone Beard, and Mable Carney.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Beginnings of the Colson Family can be traced back to\n 1791. The Person of record was James Colson (1768-1824) who\n had been enslaved by a William Nelson of York County Virginia.\n He was emancipated in Williamsburg around 1791 and it is\n certain that by 1794 James Colson was living in Petersburg\n Virginia.","James Colson became a barber. This was one of the\n occupations free African American men were allowed to engage\n in. In 1804, Colson purchased a lot on Union Street and around\n 1820 another piece of property on Oak Street. James Colson\n died in 1825 and his son William took over the Business. In\n 1826 William Colson married Sarah Elebek. One of five children\n fathered by Major Elebek. Elebek like Colson was also a barber\n and a free African American.","William Colson became interested in the American\n Colonization Society's (1817-1895) efforts to remove to Africa\n all African Americans to what would become Liberia. At this\n time in Petersburg the Colson and Elebek families were members\n of the Methodist Church. Here they met another family by the\n name of Roberts. The Roberts and Colson family combined and\n formed a mercantile business, and Roberts and his family\n emigrated to Liberia. William Nelson Colson remained in\n Petersburg and managed the business from the U.S. side. In\n 1835 William Colson went to Liberia to confer with Roberts\n where he became ill and died.","Three children came from the Union of William and Sarah\n Elebek Colson. James Major, Mary Alexena and William Nelson\n Colson. Mary Alexena Colson married John K. Shore and William\n Nelson married Milvina and moved to Boston, Massachusetts.\n James Major Colson married Fannie Meade Bolling of Petersburg\n in 1850. Nine children were born to this couple.","The other component of this family were a mixture of free\n African American and enslaved family. John Henry Hill was born\n in King and Queen county Virginia in 1828. Like many others\n born into bondage, Hill was trained as a carpenter and was\n hired out by his owner. Although a native of King and Queen,\n Hill was either sold or rented out in Petersburg and in1853\n was owned by a John Mitchell. Hill had also married a free\n African American woman, Rose McCray and they were the parents\n of two young sons.","Hill was enslaved and in 1853 his owner had decided to sell\n him. It is unclear how Hill found out. His possible sale and\n instead of being sold, he escaped. Hill found his way to\n Canada where his wife later joined him, and the seven Hill\n daughters were born. After the Civil War Hill returned to\n Petersburg, became a prosperous Businessman and engaged in\n local politics.","Edna Meade Colson was born October 7, 1888, in Petersburg,\n Virginia, the oldest of five children to James Major Colson,\n Jr., and his wife Kate Hill Colson who was one of the\n daughters of John Henry Hill.","Included in these materials is an interesting letter from\n William Still and in the Alice and Henry Colson Jackson Papers\n correspondence regarding the House of Roberts and Colson.","Edna Meade Colson was a product of the Petersburg public\n school system. After graduation from Peabody High School in\n 1904, she continued her education at Fisk University in\n Nashville, Tennessee. In 1908 she completed the Normal Course\n and joined the staff of Virginia State (then the Virginia\n Normal and Industrial Institute) in 1909. Edna Colson returned\n to Fisk and earned the Bachelor of Education in 1915. She\n later earned the Degrees of Bachelor of Science in 1923,\n Master of Arts in 1924, and Doctor of Philosophy in 1940 from\n Columbia Teachers College, New York. Her dissertation was An\n Analysis of Specific References to Negroes in Selected\n Curricula for the Education of Teachers.","During her career at Virginia State University Miss Colson\n served as classroom teacher, Supervisor of Student Teaching,\n Director of the Normal School, and Director of the Division of\n Education through the changing phases of the development of\n the University. In 1951 she became the Director of the newly\n created School of Education.","Miss Colson was very active in school functions at\n Teachers. She was Vice President of the Negro Education Club,\n and in 1931 she was a representative of the Club to the White\n House Conference on Education, and in the summer of 1939 she\n studied workshop organization at the University of\n Chicago.","Miss Colson was: affiliated with the American Association\n of University Professors, The Association for Supervision and\n Curriculum Development, The Virginia Teachers Association, The\n Virginia Association of Jeanes Supervisors, and the Virginia\n Academy of Science, a life member of the American Teachers\n Association, a charter member of the Virginia Research\n Society, the National Association of College Women. The\n Virginia Interracial Commission, the Negro Organization\n Society, The American Red Cross, The National Association for\n the Advancement of Colored People, a charter member of the\n Delta Omega Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha, and the Virginia\n State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.","Miss Colson was a prolific writer and a highly sought after\n speaker throughout the state of Virginia. During her career\n she contributed articles to the Virginia State College\n Gazette, The Quarterly Journal of Higher Education for Negroes\n and the Journal of Negro Education.","Edna Colson was considered an authority on curriculum\n development and on source materials which could be used in\n teaching about the African American experience in America. She\n was considered by many to be the most influential person in\n the development of African American teachers, and teacher\n education.","Edna Colson corresponded with J.L. Blair, H.C. Newbold, L.\n C. Reynolds, Jannie Porter Barrett, A.G. Richardson, Eva\n Mitchell, Fred M. Alexander, D.A. Wilkerson, Rose Butler\n Brown, Mary Branch, Belle Boone Beard, and Mable Carney."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Colson-Hill Family Papers, Accession #1965-13 ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Colson-Hill Family Papers, Accession #1965-13 ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Colson Hill Family Papers document one of the most\n unique African-American families in the United States. This\n manuscript group covers this family's life and activities in\n the Commonwealth of Virginia from 1834-1984. These papers\n document the family's involvement with: The establishment of\n Liberia, the Underground Railroad, the establishment of\n Virginia State University, public education in Petersburg and\n in Virginia, the readjuster party, business in Petersburg and\n the social and community activities in the African American\n community as well. Not only did Miss Colson become keeper of\n the family papers, her long an outstanding career led to the\n creation of a large number of records documenting her\n productive life as well. Miss Colson was a teacher and a\n teacher of teachers. She was a student and believer in the\n idea that education could solve societies social, political,\n and economic ills. The papers provide a window into several\n aspects of African American society rarely scene. The bulk of\n the materials is in the form on correspondence, however, there\n are numerous printed items and photographs as well. The papers\n are quite useful for the study of: History of Education,\n Women's History, Local History, Family History, and Social and\n Economic History.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFour diaries maintained by James Major Colson Jr.\n beginning in January of 1878 and continuing through\n 1899. Not only did James Major Colson maintain a\n diary, his wife Kate also began in 1887 her first\n diray. Mrs. Colson's diary,however, only covers a few\n months of that year. Also, In this sub-series is a\n diary belonging to William Nelson Colson II, son of\n James and Kate Colson. The Diary begins in the summer\n of 1914 and continues to February 1915. During this\n time Mr.Colson was a member of the faculty at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eNotebooks kept by James Major Colson and Kate Hill\n as students. Mr.Colson's notebook covers a variety of\n subjects taken taken at Dartmouth. Included is a\n notebook maintained for his class in Physics\n (1881-1882) other subjects include language, natural\n history, physiology, and literature. Mrs. Colson\n notebook covers a number of subjects, which would\n have been included in the study for a teaching\n certificate at this time.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eA Composition notebook kept by Edna M. Colson. The\n notebook appears to have been used to teach Sunday\n School classes. Two autograph books, one belonging to\n Miss Kate Hill (later Kate Colson) and dates from\n 1882-through Aug 1883. The other autograph book\n belongs to Miss Edna Meade Colson and covers the time\n span from 1907 through 1909. There is also a travel\n log which was kept by Edna M. Colson, no date.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003ePhoto Book containing mostly tin-types of\n friends of the Colson/Hill Family. Most are in\n color.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eTwelve Scrapbooks generated by Edna Meade Colson.\n Each book is titled. Most of the books consist of\n photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e2 boxes loose news clipping from a number of\n newspapers from around the United States no order or\n no arrangement\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Colson Hill Family Papers document one of the most\n unique African-American families in the United States. This\n manuscript group covers this family's life and activities in\n the Commonwealth of Virginia from 1834-1984. These papers\n document the family's involvement with: The establishment of\n Liberia, the Underground Railroad, the establishment of\n Virginia State University, public education in Petersburg and\n in Virginia, the readjuster party, business in Petersburg and\n the social and community activities in the African American\n community as well. Not only did Miss Colson become keeper of\n the family papers, her long an outstanding career led to the\n creation of a large number of records documenting her\n productive life as well. Miss Colson was a teacher and a\n teacher of teachers. She was a student and believer in the\n idea that education could solve societies social, political,\n and economic ills. The papers provide a window into several\n aspects of African American society rarely scene. The bulk of\n the materials is in the form on correspondence, however, there\n are numerous printed items and photographs as well. The papers\n are quite useful for the study of: History of Education,\n Women's History, Local History, Family History, and Social and\n Economic History.","Four diaries maintained by James Major Colson Jr.\n beginning in January of 1878 and continuing through\n 1899. Not only did James Major Colson maintain a\n diary, his wife Kate also began in 1887 her first\n diray. Mrs. Colson's diary,however, only covers a few\n months of that year. Also, In this sub-series is a\n diary belonging to William Nelson Colson II, son of\n James and Kate Colson. The Diary begins in the summer\n of 1914 and continues to February 1915. During this\n time Mr.Colson was a member of the faculty at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond, VA.","Notebooks kept by James Major Colson and Kate Hill\n as students. Mr.Colson's notebook covers a variety of\n subjects taken taken at Dartmouth. Included is a\n notebook maintained for his class in Physics\n (1881-1882) other subjects include language, natural\n history, physiology, and literature. Mrs. Colson\n notebook covers a number of subjects, which would\n have been included in the study for a teaching\n certificate at this time.","A Composition notebook kept by Edna M. Colson. The\n notebook appears to have been used to teach Sunday\n School classes. Two autograph books, one belonging to\n Miss Kate Hill (later Kate Colson) and dates from\n 1882-through Aug 1883. The other autograph book\n belongs to Miss Edna Meade Colson and covers the time\n span from 1907 through 1909. There is also a travel\n log which was kept by Edna M. Colson, no date.","Photo Book containing mostly tin-types of\n friends of the Colson/Hill Family. Most are in\n color.","Twelve Scrapbooks generated by Edna Meade Colson.\n Each book is titled. Most of the books consist of\n photo's some correspondence, news-clippings and\n postcards.","2 boxes loose news clipping from a number of\n newspapers from around the United States no order or\n no arrangement"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1671,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00050_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00007_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00007_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eTeaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools, 1880s-1890s\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00007_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00007_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00007_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00007_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00007","_root_":"vipets_vipets00007","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00007","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00007","parent_ssim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00007"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899","title_ssm":["Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899"],"title_tesim":["Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899"],"text":["Series II. Legal Documents \n 1889, 1895, 1896,\n 1899","Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945","Folder 7","Teaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":8,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"containers_ssim":["Folder 7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTeaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Teaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00007","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00007","_root_":"vipets_vipets00007","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00007","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00007.xml","title_ssm":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"title_tesim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"text":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945","1945-5","There are c. 200\n items in this collection.","There are no restrictions to this collection.","Series I. Correspondence \n Series II. Legal Documents \n Series III. Financial \n Series IV. Tax Recepits \n Series V. Writing \n Series VI. Photographs \n Series VII. Printed Material","Arranged chronologically, from 1888-1945.","Mabel Harris was born in Petersburg, Virginia in 1867.\n Information about her early life is not well documented. She\n was at the Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (now\n Virginia State University) in 1886, taking a normal degree\n three years later. She began her career in the Petersburg\n Public School system in 1890. Miss Harris retired in 1931. She\n was very active in local church affairs and the Virginia State\n University Alumni Association. She was the first female to be\n appointed editor of the Alumni Journal for the University, in\n 1898.","Most of the materials in this collection pertain to Miss\n Harris' uncle, the Reverend Mr. Henry Williams. There are a\n few items from friends, basically discussing personal business\n and/or inquiring as to her health and other activities. The\n materials are useful for local history, women's history and\n the history of education.","Letters and postcards, mostly personal, all\n incoming.","Teaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s","This collection contains 3 documents: Savings Book\n for the Peoples Bank of Petersburg; an account of the\n holdings of the Old Dominion Investment Company; A true\n Reformer Insurance Policy.","City \u0026 state tax receipts","There are 2 photographs in this collection, one sent\n from a member of the Tenth United States Calvary\n (Buffalo Soldiers), stationed in Cuba.","One hand bill for Camilla Williams","There are no restrictions to this collection.","This collection contains business,\n personal, and legal correspondence of the 1889 Normal\n Graduates of Virginia State University. Miss Harris taught in\n the public schools in Petersburg until her\n retirement.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"collection_ssim":["Mabel Harris Papers, \n \n 1888-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1945-5"],"unitid_tesim":["1945-5"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["These materials were collected\n by the late Luther Porter Jackson in 1945."],"creator_ssim":["These materials were collected\n by the late Luther Porter Jackson in 1945."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["There are c. 200\n items in this collection."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondence \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries II. Legal Documents \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries III. Financial \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries IV. Tax Recepits \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries V. Writing \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries VI. Photographs \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries VII. Printed Material\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, from 1888-1945.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Correspondence \n Series II. Legal Documents \n Series III. Financial \n Series IV. Tax Recepits \n Series V. Writing \n Series VI. Photographs \n Series VII. Printed Material","Arranged chronologically, from 1888-1945."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMabel Harris was born in Petersburg, Virginia in 1867.\n Information about her early life is not well documented. She\n was at the Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (now\n Virginia State University) in 1886, taking a normal degree\n three years later. She began her career in the Petersburg\n Public School system in 1890. Miss Harris retired in 1931. She\n was very active in local church affairs and the Virginia State\n University Alumni Association. She was the first female to be\n appointed editor of the Alumni Journal for the University, in\n 1898.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mabel Harris was born in Petersburg, Virginia in 1867.\n Information about her early life is not well documented. She\n was at the Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute (now\n Virginia State University) in 1886, taking a normal degree\n three years later. She began her career in the Petersburg\n Public School system in 1890. Miss Harris retired in 1931. She\n was very active in local church affairs and the Virginia State\n University Alumni Association. She was the first female to be\n appointed editor of the Alumni Journal for the University, in\n 1898."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMabel Harris Papers, 1888-1945, Accession #1945-5,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["Mabel Harris Papers, 1888-1945, Accession #1945-5,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMost of the materials in this collection pertain to Miss\n Harris' uncle, the Reverend Mr. Henry Williams. There are a\n few items from friends, basically discussing personal business\n and/or inquiring as to her health and other activities. The\n materials are useful for local history, women's history and\n the history of education.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eLetters and postcards, mostly personal, all\n incoming.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eTeaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 3 documents: Savings Book\n for the Peoples Bank of Petersburg; an account of the\n holdings of the Old Dominion Investment Company; A true\n Reformer Insurance Policy.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eCity \u0026amp; state tax receipts\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThere are 2 photographs in this collection, one sent\n from a member of the Tenth United States Calvary\n (Buffalo Soldiers), stationed in Cuba.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eOne hand bill for Camilla Williams\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Most of the materials in this collection pertain to Miss\n Harris' uncle, the Reverend Mr. Henry Williams. There are a\n few items from friends, basically discussing personal business\n and/or inquiring as to her health and other activities. The\n materials are useful for local history, women's history and\n the history of education.","Letters and postcards, mostly personal, all\n incoming.","Teaching contracts for Petersburg Public Schools,\n 1880s-1890s","This collection contains 3 documents: Savings Book\n for the Peoples Bank of Petersburg; an account of the\n holdings of the Old Dominion Investment Company; A true\n Reformer Insurance Policy.","City \u0026 state tax receipts","There are 2 photographs in this collection, one sent\n from a member of the Tenth United States Calvary\n (Buffalo Soldiers), stationed in Cuba.","One hand bill for Camilla Williams"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to this collection."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains business,\n personal, and legal correspondence of the 1889 Normal\n Graduates of Virginia State University. Miss Harris taught in\n the public schools in Petersburg until her\n retirement.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains business,\n personal, and legal correspondence of the 1889 Normal\n Graduates of Virginia State University. Miss Harris taught in\n the public schools in Petersburg until her\n retirement."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":13,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00007_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00002_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Literary","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00002_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00002_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00002_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00002_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00002","_root_":"vipets_vipets00002","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00002","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00002","parent_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00002"],"title_filing_ssi":"Literary","title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Literary"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"text":["Series II: Literary","A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":4,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":98,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00002","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00002","_root_":"vipets_vipets00002","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00002","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00002.xml","title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"text":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947","1947-2","The John Manuel\n Gandy papers reflect the life and work of the third president\n of Virginia State University. This manuscript group has\n personal and official correspondence as well as some writing\n of John M. Gandy.","There are no restrictions","Series I. Biographical Data Box : 1 Two folders. The first\n contains anobituary. Folder 2 contains material placed with\n the Gandy papers at a later date.","Series II. Literary Box : 1 Writings of John M. Gandy.\n Arranged by type.","Series III. Correspondence, 1914-1947 Box : 2\n Correspondence. Letters, and telegrams arranged by type and\n then chronogically.","Series IV. Photographs Box : 2 Several photographs relating\n to John M. Gandy.","Series V. Printed Box : 2 Two items in one folder.","Series VI. Scrapbook Box : 3 News clipping, photographs,\n both personal and official. ( Included are several of Mrs.\n Eleanor Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State ) In addition\n there are programs and a couple of letters.","John Mumphis Gandy was born October 31, 1870 in Oktibbeha\n County, Mississippi, (because he disliked the name \" Mumphis\"\n , he changed it to Manuel). He was the fifth of thirteen\n children born to Horace and Mary (Goodwyn) Gandy who were both\n slaves until 1865. The family remained in Oktibbeha until they\n could no longer make a living in a state of economic slavery\n as tenant framers. They moved to Sallisaw Oklahoma hoping to\n make a fresh start.","John Gandy began his education in the poor Mississippi\n one-room school system. At sixteen he entered Jackson College\n as an eight grade student. Two years later he completed their\n program and took a job teaching and later to earn more, at a\n local brickyard. Desiring more education he left the brickyard\n in 1892 and managed to make his way to Ohio. Here he was\n admitted to the Oberlin Academy where he remained until 1894.\n Forced to leave Oberlin because of funds he tried to enroll at\n Colgate University but failed to do so because of the same\n reason he had to leave Oberlin.","Some of the students at Colgate however collected some\n money on his behalf and hemanaged to reach Nashville,\n Tennessee where he enrolled at Fisk University. He graduated\n from Fisk in 1898 with the A. B. degree. After graduating he\n re-enrolled as a non-resident student and in 1901 was award\n the M. A.. Later in 1903 and 1911 he studied at Columbia\n University in the summer. He also took non-resident graduate\n courses at Illinois Wesleyin during the summers between the\n years 1903 and 1913","His teaching career began in Stone County Mississippi and\n he also taught briefly in Hanson Oklahoma. While a student at\n Fisk he taught at various schools in Tennessee and Kentucky.\n In 1898 he was appointed professor of Greek and Latin at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute, now Virginia State\n University. When the college program was terminated in 1902 by\n the State he continued as professor of education until he was\n appointed president of the University in 1914.","After arriving at Virginia State John Gandy met and married\n Carrie Senora Brown in 1901. Four children were born out of\n this union.","In 1914 John Gandy became the third president of what is\n now Virginia State University. As president he oversaw the\n schools development which included becoming the \"Land Grant\n College\" for blacks in Virginia in 1920, the return of the\n college department in 1923 and the name changed from V. N.\n \u0026 I. I. to Virginia State college for Negroes in 1930 and\n the establishment of the graduate school in 1937.","While president of the University, he also served as :\n President of the Association of Negro Land Grant College,\n President of the Virginia State Teachers Association, and\n President of the National Association of Teachers in Colored\n Schools. He was also a member of several boards and a member\n of the Board of Trustees of Virginia Union University in\n Richmond, Virginia.","He served as President of Virginia State University until\n he retired in 1943 and as President Emeritus until his death\n in 1947.","The Gandy Papers which are found in this manuscript group\n do not begin to reflect the rich and varied life of the man\n who was President of Virginia State University for twenty-nine\n years. They do however touch some of the highlights.","The strong points of the group are two unpublished\n manuscripts : \" The Life and Works of John M. Gandy \" and a \"\n History of Virginia State College\" , both edited by Dr. Edna\n Meade Colson. Included in this series are also a few articles\n and speeches.","Correspondence includes some family and general. The\n largest however involve the 1936 student strike at V. S.\n U.","There are also several photographs and some printed matter,\n and a very interesting scrapbook.","News clippings, photographs, both personal and\n official. (Included are several of Mrs. Eleanor\n Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State). In addition there\n are programs and a couple of letters.","There are no restrictions","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of John M.\n Gandy \n \n 1914-1947"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1947-2"],"unitid_tesim":["1947-2"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["The Gandy Papers were\n given to Virginia State University in 1950."],"creator_ssim":["The Gandy Papers were\n given to Virginia State University in 1950."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The John Manuel\n Gandy papers reflect the life and work of the third president\n of Virginia State University. This manuscript group has\n personal and official correspondence as well as some writing\n of John M. Gandy."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Biographical Data Box : 1 Two folders. The first\n contains anobituary. Folder 2 contains material placed with\n the Gandy papers at a later date.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Literary Box : 1 Writings of John M. Gandy.\n Arranged by type.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Correspondence, 1914-1947 Box : 2\n Correspondence. Letters, and telegrams arranged by type and\n then chronogically.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs Box : 2 Several photographs relating\n to John M. Gandy.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Printed Box : 2 Two items in one folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Scrapbook Box : 3 News clipping, photographs,\n both personal and official. ( Included are several of Mrs.\n Eleanor Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State ) In addition\n there are programs and a couple of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Biographical Data Box : 1 Two folders. The first\n contains anobituary. Folder 2 contains material placed with\n the Gandy papers at a later date.","Series II. Literary Box : 1 Writings of John M. Gandy.\n Arranged by type.","Series III. Correspondence, 1914-1947 Box : 2\n Correspondence. Letters, and telegrams arranged by type and\n then chronogically.","Series IV. Photographs Box : 2 Several photographs relating\n to John M. Gandy.","Series V. Printed Box : 2 Two items in one folder.","Series VI. Scrapbook Box : 3 News clipping, photographs,\n both personal and official. ( Included are several of Mrs.\n Eleanor Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State ) In addition\n there are programs and a couple of letters."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Mumphis Gandy was born October 31, 1870 in Oktibbeha\n County, Mississippi, (because he disliked the name \" Mumphis\"\n , he changed it to Manuel). He was the fifth of thirteen\n children born to Horace and Mary (Goodwyn) Gandy who were both\n slaves until 1865. The family remained in Oktibbeha until they\n could no longer make a living in a state of economic slavery\n as tenant framers. They moved to Sallisaw Oklahoma hoping to\n make a fresh start.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eJohn Gandy began his education in the poor Mississippi\n one-room school system. At sixteen he entered Jackson College\n as an eight grade student. Two years later he completed their\n program and took a job teaching and later to earn more, at a\n local brickyard. Desiring more education he left the brickyard\n in 1892 and managed to make his way to Ohio. Here he was\n admitted to the Oberlin Academy where he remained until 1894.\n Forced to leave Oberlin because of funds he tried to enroll at\n Colgate University but failed to do so because of the same\n reason he had to leave Oberlin.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSome of the students at Colgate however collected some\n money on his behalf and hemanaged to reach Nashville,\n Tennessee where he enrolled at Fisk University. He graduated\n from Fisk in 1898 with the A. B. degree. After graduating he\n re-enrolled as a non-resident student and in 1901 was award\n the M. A.. Later in 1903 and 1911 he studied at Columbia\n University in the summer. He also took non-resident graduate\n courses at Illinois Wesleyin during the summers between the\n years 1903 and 1913\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHis teaching career began in Stone County Mississippi and\n he also taught briefly in Hanson Oklahoma. While a student at\n Fisk he taught at various schools in Tennessee and Kentucky.\n In 1898 he was appointed professor of Greek and Latin at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute, now Virginia State\n University. When the college program was terminated in 1902 by\n the State he continued as professor of education until he was\n appointed president of the University in 1914.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAfter arriving at Virginia State John Gandy met and married\n Carrie Senora Brown in 1901. Four children were born out of\n this union.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1914 John Gandy became the third president of what is\n now Virginia State University. As president he oversaw the\n schools development which included becoming the \"Land Grant\n College\" for blacks in Virginia in 1920, the return of the\n college department in 1923 and the name changed from V. N.\n \u0026amp; I. I. to Virginia State college for Negroes in 1930 and\n the establishment of the graduate school in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eWhile president of the University, he also served as :\n President of the Association of Negro Land Grant College,\n President of the Virginia State Teachers Association, and\n President of the National Association of Teachers in Colored\n Schools. He was also a member of several boards and a member\n of the Board of Trustees of Virginia Union University in\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHe served as President of Virginia State University until\n he retired in 1943 and as President Emeritus until his death\n in 1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Mumphis Gandy was born October 31, 1870 in Oktibbeha\n County, Mississippi, (because he disliked the name \" Mumphis\"\n , he changed it to Manuel). He was the fifth of thirteen\n children born to Horace and Mary (Goodwyn) Gandy who were both\n slaves until 1865. The family remained in Oktibbeha until they\n could no longer make a living in a state of economic slavery\n as tenant framers. They moved to Sallisaw Oklahoma hoping to\n make a fresh start.","John Gandy began his education in the poor Mississippi\n one-room school system. At sixteen he entered Jackson College\n as an eight grade student. Two years later he completed their\n program and took a job teaching and later to earn more, at a\n local brickyard. Desiring more education he left the brickyard\n in 1892 and managed to make his way to Ohio. Here he was\n admitted to the Oberlin Academy where he remained until 1894.\n Forced to leave Oberlin because of funds he tried to enroll at\n Colgate University but failed to do so because of the same\n reason he had to leave Oberlin.","Some of the students at Colgate however collected some\n money on his behalf and hemanaged to reach Nashville,\n Tennessee where he enrolled at Fisk University. He graduated\n from Fisk in 1898 with the A. B. degree. After graduating he\n re-enrolled as a non-resident student and in 1901 was award\n the M. A.. Later in 1903 and 1911 he studied at Columbia\n University in the summer. He also took non-resident graduate\n courses at Illinois Wesleyin during the summers between the\n years 1903 and 1913","His teaching career began in Stone County Mississippi and\n he also taught briefly in Hanson Oklahoma. While a student at\n Fisk he taught at various schools in Tennessee and Kentucky.\n In 1898 he was appointed professor of Greek and Latin at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute, now Virginia State\n University. When the college program was terminated in 1902 by\n the State he continued as professor of education until he was\n appointed president of the University in 1914.","After arriving at Virginia State John Gandy met and married\n Carrie Senora Brown in 1901. Four children were born out of\n this union.","In 1914 John Gandy became the third president of what is\n now Virginia State University. As president he oversaw the\n schools development which included becoming the \"Land Grant\n College\" for blacks in Virginia in 1920, the return of the\n college department in 1923 and the name changed from V. N.\n \u0026 I. I. to Virginia State college for Negroes in 1930 and\n the establishment of the graduate school in 1937.","While president of the University, he also served as :\n President of the Association of Negro Land Grant College,\n President of the Virginia State Teachers Association, and\n President of the National Association of Teachers in Colored\n Schools. He was also a member of several boards and a member\n of the Board of Trustees of Virginia Union University in\n Richmond, Virginia.","He served as President of Virginia State University until\n he retired in 1943 and as President Emeritus until his death\n in 1947."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe John Manuel Gandy Papers, Accession # 1967-2,\n Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["The John Manuel Gandy Papers, Accession # 1967-2,\n Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Gandy Papers which are found in this manuscript group\n do not begin to reflect the rich and varied life of the man\n who was President of Virginia State University for twenty-nine\n years. They do however touch some of the highlights.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe strong points of the group are two unpublished\n manuscripts : \" The Life and Works of John M. Gandy \" and a \"\n History of Virginia State College\" , both edited by Dr. Edna\n Meade Colson. Included in this series are also a few articles\n and speeches.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes some family and general. The\n largest however involve the 1936 student strike at V. S.\n U.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThere are also several photographs and some printed matter,\n and a very interesting scrapbook.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eNews clippings, photographs, both personal and\n official. (Included are several of Mrs. Eleanor\n Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State). In addition there\n are programs and a couple of letters.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Gandy Papers which are found in this manuscript group\n do not begin to reflect the rich and varied life of the man\n who was President of Virginia State University for twenty-nine\n years. They do however touch some of the highlights.","The strong points of the group are two unpublished\n manuscripts : \" The Life and Works of John M. Gandy \" and a \"\n History of Virginia State College\" , both edited by Dr. Edna\n Meade Colson. Included in this series are also a few articles\n and speeches.","Correspondence includes some family and general. The\n largest however involve the 1936 student strike at V. S.\n U.","There are also several photographs and some printed matter,\n and a very interesting scrapbook.","News clippings, photographs, both personal and\n official. (Included are several of Mrs. Eleanor\n Roosevelt's visit to Virginia State). In addition there\n are programs and a couple of letters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00002_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00035_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Literary","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00035_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00035_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00035_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00035_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00035","_root_":"vipets_vipets00035","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00035","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00035","parent_ssim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00035"],"title_filing_ssi":"Literary","title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Literary"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"text":["Series II: Literary","The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":3,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00035","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00035","_root_":"vipets_vipets00035","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00035","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00035.xml","title_ssm":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"title_tesim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"text":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895","vipets00035","There are no restrictions.","Series I. Schools Records Names, minutes of the Navy Hill\n School in Richmond","Series II. Literary Books authored by Mr. Williams","Series III. Photographs Family members, friends. Included\n is a photograph book","Series IV. Portrait A color portrait of Daniel B. Williams,\n 28'x32'","Daniel Barclay Williams was born in 1862 in Richmond,\n Virginia. In 1877 he graduated from Richmond Normal School\n with high honors. Mr. Williams then enrolled at the Worcestor\n Academy graduating in 1880. He attended Brown University that\n summer and returned to Richmond in the fall to teach. Mr.\n Williams is reported to have continued a course of study at\n Brown (however no record of a degree has been located).","Mr. Williams joined the faculty of the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute (now Virginia State University in 1885).\n For the next ten years Mr. Williams taught Classical Languages\n and authored nine books. Daniel Williams was an early advocate\n of textbooks written from an African American perspective.","Daniel Williams was the first faculty member to author a\n book. His first publication was: The Science and Art of\n Teaching.","The personal papers and library document the short life and\n career of Daniel B. Williams. His Personal library includes\n most of the text used in the teaching of Greek and Latin, at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute from 1883-1902.","A color photo of Daniel B. Williams","There are no restrictions.","Daniel Barclay Williams was the\n first instructor of Greek and Latin at the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute from 1884-1895. Mr. Williams prior to\n coming to Virginia State University had studied at Brown\n University and had taught in the public school system in\n Richmond, Virginia. His papers consist of his library,\n photographs, and copies of the \"Annual Reports,\"\n Superintendent, Public, City of Richmond for 1879-1880,\n 1880-1881, and 1881-82. Included in this are a number of books\n written by Mr. Williams. Acc.# 1997-64a","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"collection_ssim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, \n \n 1879-1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["vipets00035"],"unitid_tesim":["vipets00035"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["The Williams\n Family"],"creator_ssim":["The Williams\n Family"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Schools Records Names, minutes of the Navy Hill\n School in Richmond\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Literary Books authored by Mr. Williams\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Photographs Family members, friends. Included\n is a photograph book\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Portrait A color portrait of Daniel B. Williams,\n 28'x32'\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Schools Records Names, minutes of the Navy Hill\n School in Richmond","Series II. Literary Books authored by Mr. Williams","Series III. Photographs Family members, friends. Included\n is a photograph book","Series IV. Portrait A color portrait of Daniel B. Williams,\n 28'x32'"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDaniel Barclay Williams was born in 1862 in Richmond,\n Virginia. In 1877 he graduated from Richmond Normal School\n with high honors. Mr. Williams then enrolled at the Worcestor\n Academy graduating in 1880. He attended Brown University that\n summer and returned to Richmond in the fall to teach. Mr.\n Williams is reported to have continued a course of study at\n Brown (however no record of a degree has been located).\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMr. Williams joined the faculty of the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute (now Virginia State University in 1885).\n For the next ten years Mr. Williams taught Classical Languages\n and authored nine books. Daniel Williams was an early advocate\n of textbooks written from an African American perspective.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Williams was the first faculty member to author a\n book. His first publication was: The Science and Art of\n Teaching.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Daniel Barclay Williams was born in 1862 in Richmond,\n Virginia. In 1877 he graduated from Richmond Normal School\n with high honors. Mr. Williams then enrolled at the Worcestor\n Academy graduating in 1880. He attended Brown University that\n summer and returned to Richmond in the fall to teach. Mr.\n Williams is reported to have continued a course of study at\n Brown (however no record of a degree has been located).","Mr. Williams joined the faculty of the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute (now Virginia State University in 1885).\n For the next ten years Mr. Williams taught Classical Languages\n and authored nine books. Daniel Williams was an early advocate\n of textbooks written from an African American perspective.","Daniel Williams was the first faculty member to author a\n book. His first publication was: The Science and Art of\n Teaching."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Daniel B. Williams Papers, Accession #1997-64a ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Daniel B. Williams Papers, Accession #1997-64a ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe personal papers and library document the short life and\n career of Daniel B. Williams. His Personal library includes\n most of the text used in the teaching of Greek and Latin, at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute from 1883-1902.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eA color photo of Daniel B. Williams\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The personal papers and library document the short life and\n career of Daniel B. Williams. His Personal library includes\n most of the text used in the teaching of Greek and Latin, at\n Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute from 1883-1902.","A color photo of Daniel B. Williams"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDaniel Barclay Williams was the\n first instructor of Greek and Latin at the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute from 1884-1895. Mr. Williams prior to\n coming to Virginia State University had studied at Brown\n University and had taught in the public school system in\n Richmond, Virginia. His papers consist of his library,\n photographs, and copies of the \"Annual Reports,\"\n Superintendent, Public, City of Richmond for 1879-1880,\n 1880-1881, and 1881-82. Included in this are a number of books\n written by Mr. Williams. Acc.# 1997-64a\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Daniel Barclay Williams was the\n first instructor of Greek and Latin at the Virginia Normal and\n Collegiate Institute from 1884-1895. Mr. Williams prior to\n coming to Virginia State University had studied at Brown\n University and had taught in the public school system in\n Richmond, Virginia. His papers consist of his library,\n photographs, and copies of the \"Annual Reports,\"\n Superintendent, Public, City of Richmond for 1879-1880,\n 1880-1881, and 1881-82. Included in this are a number of books\n written by Mr. Williams. Acc.# 1997-64a"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00035_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00038_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Literary","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00038_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00038_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00038_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00038_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00038","_root_":"vipets_vipets00038","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00038","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00038","parent_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00038"],"title_filing_ssi":"Literary","title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Literary"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Literary"],"text":["Series II: Literary","A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":51,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00038","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00038","_root_":"vipets_vipets00038","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00038","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00038.xml","title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"text":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976","1997-77","20,000\n Pieces","There are no restrictions.","Series I. Correspondence 1932-1979 Personal and Business\n Boxes 1-3","Sub-series A: Correspondence by subject Correspondence,\n most generated by Richardson during his tenure with the\n department of Education. Arranged Alphabetically and then\n chronologically within the folders.","Sub-series B: Correspondence by date Arranged\n Chronologically.","Series II. Literary Boxes 4-19","Sub-Series A: Speeches Arranged by title and date, followed\n by speeches with dates and materials missing both a date and a\n clearly defined title.","Sub-Series B: Writings and Reports Some of the writings\n were used later in Richardson's history of Negro education in\n Virginia. Many of the reports appear to have been used by\n Richardson to carry out his job with the State Department of\n Education. The reports consist of conference and workshop\n results organized by Richardson.","Sub-Series C: Research Notes During Richardson's career,\n part of his responsibility was to develop procedures and\n manuals used by African-American Schools in Virginia. This\n sub-series also contains an interesting log concerning the\n Whitcomb court school in Richmond, VA.","Series III. Video Recordings Taped speeches at different\n functions attended by Richardson. Most of the speeches were\n not delivered by Richardson.","Series IV: Photographs Boxes 21-27","Sub-series A: Family and Personal Photo's of activities at\n Virginia State when Richardson was a student and later as a\n teacher at the Mecklenburg County Training School, conferences\n at Virginia State and other areas.","Sub-series B: Education in Virginia (African American\n Schools) Several thousand 3x5 black and white photographs and\n negatives of schools scenes in Virginia. The Photographs were\n taken between the years 1926 and 1938. The Photographs and\n negatives are of European, Native, and African American school\n buildings, some classes, and other activities. Most of the\n developed photographs are of African American schools and\n include Rosenwald, Slater, and other buildings used by African\n Americans in Virginia. *The origin of the photographs and\n negatives is not known. The folders are arranged\n alphabetically by county and city.","Sub-series C. Negatives of the schools and scenes located\n in some of Virginia's counties and cities. These do not have\n an inventory, but are arranged by county and city. In addition\n there are negatives of activities relating to education\n outside of the state of Virginia.","Box #28 Series V: Scrapbooks and Yearbooks Correspondence\n most of which covers Richardson's retirement, two yearbooks\n from Louisa, Virginia.","Series VI: Printed Printed items including certificates,\n pamphlets, and degrees","Box #29 Sub-series A: Awards and Certificates Awards and\n certificates presented to Richardson over the years.","Sub-series B: Pamphlets Two items: one the By-Laws of the\n Southside Interscholastic Athletic Association, documenting an\n early effort to organize African American sports played in the\n high schools.","Sub-series C: Book The Development of Negro Education in\n Virginia, 1831-1970, published by Phi Delta Kappa.","Sub-series D: Degrees Earned Degrees of Archie and Linnie\n Richardson","Box #30 Series-series E: News clippings News clippings from\n a number of newspapers primary from the state of Virginia.","Archie Gibbs Richardson, was the Associate Director of the\n Division of Secondary Education, State Department of\n Education, Richmond, Virginia. He was born in Lexington,\n Virginia, April 4, 1904. Because there were few high schools\n for African American in Virginia, Richardson's parents sent\n him to the high school at the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n Institute at Petersburg where he completed the program in\n 1923. He received the B.A. Degree from Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute, Petersburg, in June 1927; the M.S.\n Degree in education from Butler University, Indianapolis,\n Indiana, in June 1939; and was granted the degree of Doctor of\n Education at Columbia University, New York, in1946. In June\n 1957, Virginia State College conferred upon him the honorary\n degree of Doctor of Laws.","Richardson served as principal of the Mecklenburg County\n Training School, in South Hill, Virginia, 1927-1935; and as\n Director of academics at Saint Paul Normal School,\n Lawrenceville, Virginia. The State Superintendent of Public\n Instruction appointed him Assistant Supervisor of \"Negro\"\n Education in 1936. On January 1, 1951, he was promoted to the\n position of Associate Supervisor of Elementary and Secondary\n Education. He received another promotion on September 1, 1966,\n to Associate Director of the Division of Secondary Education.\n He retired April 4, 1969.","Richardson had two elementary schools and one high school\n named for him. The elementary schools were in Culpepper and\n the other in Blackstone, Virginia. Archie Richardson High\n School was located in Louisa County, Virginia.","During his tenure, he contributed a number of articles to\n State and National journals of education. He also authored The\n Development of Negro Education in Virginia.","Mr. Richardson was married to Linnie Ramey for over fifty\n years. Mrs. Richardson taught at schools in Mecklenburg and\n Richmond, Virginia.","How did Virginia explain educational public policy during\n the era of legal segregation? Archie Richardson's main\n responsibility during his tenure with the Department of\n Education was that of official spokesman to the African\n American Community for the State of Virginia. Correspondence,\n speeches, writings, and photographs documenting Archie\n Richardson's position as the only African American\n professional employed by the Education Department in Virginia\n during the era of legal segregation, Constitutes the majority\n of these materials.","There are no restrictions.","In 1936, Archie Richardson became\n the highest-ranking African American in the State Government.\n In that year, he was appointed assistant to the Assistant for\n Negro education in Virginia. In 1969, he retired as Associate\n Director of the Division of Secondary Education in Virginia.\n His papers consist of correspondence, speeches, writings and\n more than one thousand photographs of Rosenwald, Slater, and\n other schools constructed in Virginia for African Americans in\n the 1930's and before. Acc. #1997-77 Arranged By: Lucious\n Edwards","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Archie G.\n Richardson \n \n 1918-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1997-77"],"unitid_tesim":["1997-77"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["The Richardson Papers were\n given as a gift of the Richardson Family."],"creator_ssim":["The Richardson Papers were\n given as a gift of the Richardson Family."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["20,000\n Pieces"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondence 1932-1979 Personal and Business\n Boxes 1-3\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series A: Correspondence by subject Correspondence,\n most generated by Richardson during his tenure with the\n department of Education. Arranged Alphabetically and then\n chronologically within the folders.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series B: Correspondence by date Arranged\n Chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Literary Boxes 4-19\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A: Speeches Arranged by title and date, followed\n by speeches with dates and materials missing both a date and a\n clearly defined title.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B: Writings and Reports Some of the writings\n were used later in Richardson's history of Negro education in\n Virginia. Many of the reports appear to have been used by\n Richardson to carry out his job with the State Department of\n Education. The reports consist of conference and workshop\n results organized by Richardson.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C: Research Notes During Richardson's career,\n part of his responsibility was to develop procedures and\n manuals used by African-American Schools in Virginia. This\n sub-series also contains an interesting log concerning the\n Whitcomb court school in Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Video Recordings Taped speeches at different\n functions attended by Richardson. Most of the speeches were\n not delivered by Richardson.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Photographs Boxes 21-27\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series A: Family and Personal Photo's of activities at\n Virginia State when Richardson was a student and later as a\n teacher at the Mecklenburg County Training School, conferences\n at Virginia State and other areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series B: Education in Virginia (African American\n Schools) Several thousand 3x5 black and white photographs and\n negatives of schools scenes in Virginia. The Photographs were\n taken between the years 1926 and 1938. The Photographs and\n negatives are of European, Native, and African American school\n buildings, some classes, and other activities. Most of the\n developed photographs are of African American schools and\n include Rosenwald, Slater, and other buildings used by African\n Americans in Virginia. *The origin of the photographs and\n negatives is not known. The folders are arranged\n alphabetically by county and city.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series C. Negatives of the schools and scenes located\n in some of Virginia's counties and cities. These do not have\n an inventory, but are arranged by county and city. In addition\n there are negatives of activities relating to education\n outside of the state of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBox #28 Series V: Scrapbooks and Yearbooks Correspondence\n most of which covers Richardson's retirement, two yearbooks\n from Louisa, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Printed Printed items including certificates,\n pamphlets, and degrees\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBox #29 Sub-series A: Awards and Certificates Awards and\n certificates presented to Richardson over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series B: Pamphlets Two items: one the By-Laws of the\n Southside Interscholastic Athletic Association, documenting an\n early effort to organize African American sports played in the\n high schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series C: Book The Development of Negro Education in\n Virginia, 1831-1970, published by Phi Delta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series D: Degrees Earned Degrees of Archie and Linnie\n Richardson\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBox #30 Series-series E: News clippings News clippings from\n a number of newspapers primary from the state of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Correspondence 1932-1979 Personal and Business\n Boxes 1-3","Sub-series A: Correspondence by subject Correspondence,\n most generated by Richardson during his tenure with the\n department of Education. Arranged Alphabetically and then\n chronologically within the folders.","Sub-series B: Correspondence by date Arranged\n Chronologically.","Series II. Literary Boxes 4-19","Sub-Series A: Speeches Arranged by title and date, followed\n by speeches with dates and materials missing both a date and a\n clearly defined title.","Sub-Series B: Writings and Reports Some of the writings\n were used later in Richardson's history of Negro education in\n Virginia. Many of the reports appear to have been used by\n Richardson to carry out his job with the State Department of\n Education. The reports consist of conference and workshop\n results organized by Richardson.","Sub-Series C: Research Notes During Richardson's career,\n part of his responsibility was to develop procedures and\n manuals used by African-American Schools in Virginia. This\n sub-series also contains an interesting log concerning the\n Whitcomb court school in Richmond, VA.","Series III. Video Recordings Taped speeches at different\n functions attended by Richardson. Most of the speeches were\n not delivered by Richardson.","Series IV: Photographs Boxes 21-27","Sub-series A: Family and Personal Photo's of activities at\n Virginia State when Richardson was a student and later as a\n teacher at the Mecklenburg County Training School, conferences\n at Virginia State and other areas.","Sub-series B: Education in Virginia (African American\n Schools) Several thousand 3x5 black and white photographs and\n negatives of schools scenes in Virginia. The Photographs were\n taken between the years 1926 and 1938. The Photographs and\n negatives are of European, Native, and African American school\n buildings, some classes, and other activities. Most of the\n developed photographs are of African American schools and\n include Rosenwald, Slater, and other buildings used by African\n Americans in Virginia. *The origin of the photographs and\n negatives is not known. The folders are arranged\n alphabetically by county and city.","Sub-series C. Negatives of the schools and scenes located\n in some of Virginia's counties and cities. These do not have\n an inventory, but are arranged by county and city. In addition\n there are negatives of activities relating to education\n outside of the state of Virginia.","Box #28 Series V: Scrapbooks and Yearbooks Correspondence\n most of which covers Richardson's retirement, two yearbooks\n from Louisa, Virginia.","Series VI: Printed Printed items including certificates,\n pamphlets, and degrees","Box #29 Sub-series A: Awards and Certificates Awards and\n certificates presented to Richardson over the years.","Sub-series B: Pamphlets Two items: one the By-Laws of the\n Southside Interscholastic Athletic Association, documenting an\n early effort to organize African American sports played in the\n high schools.","Sub-series C: Book The Development of Negro Education in\n Virginia, 1831-1970, published by Phi Delta Kappa.","Sub-series D: Degrees Earned Degrees of Archie and Linnie\n Richardson","Box #30 Series-series E: News clippings News clippings from\n a number of newspapers primary from the state of Virginia."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArchie Gibbs Richardson, was the Associate Director of the\n Division of Secondary Education, State Department of\n Education, Richmond, Virginia. He was born in Lexington,\n Virginia, April 4, 1904. Because there were few high schools\n for African American in Virginia, Richardson's parents sent\n him to the high school at the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n Institute at Petersburg where he completed the program in\n 1923. He received the B.A. Degree from Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute, Petersburg, in June 1927; the M.S.\n Degree in education from Butler University, Indianapolis,\n Indiana, in June 1939; and was granted the degree of Doctor of\n Education at Columbia University, New York, in1946. In June\n 1957, Virginia State College conferred upon him the honorary\n degree of Doctor of Laws.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eRichardson served as principal of the Mecklenburg County\n Training School, in South Hill, Virginia, 1927-1935; and as\n Director of academics at Saint Paul Normal School,\n Lawrenceville, Virginia. The State Superintendent of Public\n Instruction appointed him Assistant Supervisor of \"Negro\"\n Education in 1936. On January 1, 1951, he was promoted to the\n position of Associate Supervisor of Elementary and Secondary\n Education. He received another promotion on September 1, 1966,\n to Associate Director of the Division of Secondary Education.\n He retired April 4, 1969.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eRichardson had two elementary schools and one high school\n named for him. The elementary schools were in Culpepper and\n the other in Blackstone, Virginia. Archie Richardson High\n School was located in Louisa County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDuring his tenure, he contributed a number of articles to\n State and National journals of education. He also authored The\n Development of Negro Education in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMr. Richardson was married to Linnie Ramey for over fifty\n years. Mrs. Richardson taught at schools in Mecklenburg and\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Archie Gibbs Richardson, was the Associate Director of the\n Division of Secondary Education, State Department of\n Education, Richmond, Virginia. He was born in Lexington,\n Virginia, April 4, 1904. Because there were few high schools\n for African American in Virginia, Richardson's parents sent\n him to the high school at the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n Institute at Petersburg where he completed the program in\n 1923. He received the B.A. Degree from Virginia Normal and\n Industrial Institute, Petersburg, in June 1927; the M.S.\n Degree in education from Butler University, Indianapolis,\n Indiana, in June 1939; and was granted the degree of Doctor of\n Education at Columbia University, New York, in1946. In June\n 1957, Virginia State College conferred upon him the honorary\n degree of Doctor of Laws.","Richardson served as principal of the Mecklenburg County\n Training School, in South Hill, Virginia, 1927-1935; and as\n Director of academics at Saint Paul Normal School,\n Lawrenceville, Virginia. The State Superintendent of Public\n Instruction appointed him Assistant Supervisor of \"Negro\"\n Education in 1936. On January 1, 1951, he was promoted to the\n position of Associate Supervisor of Elementary and Secondary\n Education. He received another promotion on September 1, 1966,\n to Associate Director of the Division of Secondary Education.\n He retired April 4, 1969.","Richardson had two elementary schools and one high school\n named for him. The elementary schools were in Culpepper and\n the other in Blackstone, Virginia. Archie Richardson High\n School was located in Louisa County, Virginia.","During his tenure, he contributed a number of articles to\n State and National journals of education. He also authored The\n Development of Negro Education in Virginia.","Mr. Richardson was married to Linnie Ramey for over fifty\n years. Mrs. Richardson taught at schools in Mecklenburg and\n Richmond, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Archie G. Richardson Papers, Accession #1997-77 ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["The Archie G. Richardson Papers, Accession #1997-77 ,\n Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHow did Virginia explain educational public policy during\n the era of legal segregation? Archie Richardson's main\n responsibility during his tenure with the Department of\n Education was that of official spokesman to the African\n American Community for the State of Virginia. Correspondence,\n speeches, writings, and photographs documenting Archie\n Richardson's position as the only African American\n professional employed by the Education Department in Virginia\n during the era of legal segregation, Constitutes the majority\n of these materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["How did Virginia explain educational public policy during\n the era of legal segregation? Archie Richardson's main\n responsibility during his tenure with the Department of\n Education was that of official spokesman to the African\n American Community for the State of Virginia. Correspondence,\n speeches, writings, and photographs documenting Archie\n Richardson's position as the only African American\n professional employed by the Education Department in Virginia\n during the era of legal segregation, Constitutes the majority\n of these materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eIn 1936, Archie Richardson became\n the highest-ranking African American in the State Government.\n In that year, he was appointed assistant to the Assistant for\n Negro education in Virginia. In 1969, he retired as Associate\n Director of the Division of Secondary Education in Virginia.\n His papers consist of correspondence, speeches, writings and\n more than one thousand photographs of Rosenwald, Slater, and\n other schools constructed in Virginia for African Americans in\n the 1930's and before. Acc. #1997-77 Arranged By: Lucious\n Edwards\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["In 1936, Archie Richardson became\n the highest-ranking African American in the State Government.\n In that year, he was appointed assistant to the Assistant for\n Negro education in Virginia. In 1969, he retired as Associate\n Director of the Division of Secondary Education in Virginia.\n His papers consist of correspondence, speeches, writings and\n more than one thousand photographs of Rosenwald, Slater, and\n other schools constructed in Virginia for African Americans in\n the 1930's and before. Acc. #1997-77 Arranged By: Lucious\n Edwards"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1961,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00038_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00008_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Minutes and\nReports","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00008_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00008_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00008_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008","_root_":"vipets_vipets00008","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00008","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008","parent_ssim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00008"],"title_filing_ssi":"Minutes and\nReports","title_ssm":["Series II: Minutes and\nReports"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Minutes and\nReports"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Minutes and\nReports"],"text":["Series II: Minutes and\nReports","Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":22,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":68,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008","_root_":"vipets_vipets00008","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00008.xml","title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"text":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974","1980-36","This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces.","There are no restrictions.","In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.","James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\"","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union.","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.","The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.","There are no restrictions.","The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"collection_ssim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1980-36"],"unitid_tesim":["1980-36"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["James Oliver Allen gave these papers to the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections Department in\nhopes of a publication of a book on this denomination. They\nare to be preserved, administered, and used by the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections under\ncustomary practices and guidelines of general archival\nadministration. Copyrights were transferred to Virginia\nState University by Deed of Gift in February 1980.\nAccession Number: 1980-36."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eElder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. \u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDuring October 1869, a second meeting was held at the Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eControversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\"","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union.","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eHowell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThese papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":90,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:05:55.361Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00008_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00060_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II: Office of the Treasurer/Secretary","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00060_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00060_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00060_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00060_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00060_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00060","_root_":"vipets_vipets00060","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00060","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00060","parent_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00060"],"title_filing_ssi":"Office of the Treasurer/Secretary","title_ssm":["Series II: Office of the Treasurer/Secretary"],"title_tesim":["Series II: Office of the Treasurer/Secretary"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II: Office of the Treasurer/Secretary"],"text":["Series II: Office of the Treasurer/Secretary","A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967","The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":52,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":81,"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00060","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00060","_root_":"vipets_vipets00060","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00060","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00060.xml","title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"text":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967","ca. 50,000 Pieces","Collection is open to research.","Series I. Board of Trustees Minutes, Correspondence and Governance 1963-1967 Boxes # 1-3","Sub-Series A. Minutes Box # 1 The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts\nto acquire funds, equipment, and the approval of a curriculum.","Sub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 1-3 Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School\nAssociation.","Series II. The Office of the Treasurer/Secretary Boxes # 4-7 The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all\ndonated and loaned equipment.","Series III. Office of the Business Manager Boxes # 8-17B The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.","Series IV. Office of the Superintendent Boxes # 18-29 Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.","Sub-Series A. Memo's and Correspondence Boxes# 18-19 -Administrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically","Sub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 20-22 General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.","Sub-Series C. Correspondence by folder heading Boxes # 23-24 Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.","Sub-Series D. Personal Files Boxes # 25-27 Correspondence, Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association","Sub-Series E. Exit Interviews Box # 28 Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.","Sub-Series F. Student Evaluation Box # 29 Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.","Series V. Administrative Offices of the Free School system Boxes # 30-33","Sub-Series A. The Principals Office Boxes # 30-31 The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office\nCorrespondence maintained by the Principal, is arranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the\nproblems of running a high school on a day-to-day basis.","Sub-Series B. Department Correspondence Box # 32 Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.","Sub-Series C. Department Reports Box # 33 Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for\nthe school year 1965 to 1965.","Series VI. Literary Box # 33A","Sub-Series A. Reports Box # 33A These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there\nare also a number of progress reports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.","Sub-Series B. Speeches Box # 33A Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.","Sub-Series C. Writings Box # 33A Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","Series VII. Office of Pupil Personnel Boxes # 34-48 Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the\noffice of Pupil Personnel Services was established. The director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.","Sub-Series A. Correspondence Boxes # 34-35 Correspondence with heads of the units reporting to the director of student personnel.","Sub-Series B. Lunch, Daily Reports Boxes # 36-41A Applications for free lunch, menu's for each day","Sub-Series C. Absentees Box # 42 These were required statistics maintained for the state. list of each student's attendance.","Sub-Series D. Attendance Boxes # 43-45 list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.","Sub-Series E. School Monthly Reports Box # 46 Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.","Sub-Series F. Transportation, Students Box # 47 It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance\nrecords.","Sub-Series G. Special Education Box # 47 Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.","Sub-Series H. Clothing Box # 48 Applicants from families for clothing assistance, arranged in alphabetical order.Restricted.","Series VIII. Teachers Records Boxes # 49-53","Sub-Series A. Grade Sheets Box # 49","Sub-Series B. Grade Books Boxes # 50-52","Sub-Series C. Text Books Box # 53","Sub-Series D. Summer Recreational Schedules Box # 53","Series VIV. Student Records Boxes # 54-63 Restricted","Sub-Series A. Pupil Registration Cards Boxes # 54-59","Sub-series B. Standardized test Boxes # 60-62","Sub-Series C. Transcripts Boxes 63-106","Series X. Photographs Box # 107","Sub-Series A. Admin Photographs of instructors and administratorsistrative Staff Box # 107","Sub-Series B. Robert Kennedy's visit to Prince Edward County Box # 107 Photographs of the program held in Prince Edward County attended by the Attorney General.","Series XI. Printed Boxes # 107-109","Sub-Series A. Yearbooks Box # 107 The Eagle","Sub-Series B. Newsletters Box # 107 The Moton Eagle The Branch # 2 Informer vol 1-4","Sub-Series C. The Story of Prince Edward Free School Box # 107 A publication commissioned by the Free School in 1964","Sub-Series D. Programs Box # 108 Plays, programs, and other events sponsored by the Free School Association, local P.T.A and The library club.","Sub-Series E. Prince Edward County Pamphlet Box # 108 Pamphlet printed by the Washington Post No Date","Sub-Series F. News clippings Box # 108 Clippings from various newspapers and magazines concerning Prince Edward County.","Sub-Series G. Office Supplies Box # 109 Envelopes, Stationary used by the Prince Edward County Free School","Alphabetically","The small south side county of Prince Edward had by 1963 become both a natural and international embarrassment. The county was one of five locales, which came to be called Brown v. The Board of Education\nTopeca, Kansas.The State of Virginia responded to the Supreme Court decision with what came to be called massive resistance.","In 1959 the Supreme Court of Virginia struck down Virginia's massive resistance laws. Public school systems throughout Virginia began to implement various programs to comply with the 1954 decision, the county\nof Prince Edward opted to close all public schools to prevent integration.","From 1959 until 1964, there were no public schools operating in Prince Edward County. In 1963 the Kennedy administration (mainly Robert Kennedy) brought the power of the Federal Government into the debacle in\nPrince Edward County.","The Federal Government and the United States Justice Department came to an agreement with the State of Virginia to reopen the Prince Edward County Public Schools as soon as possible. It became apparent very\nquickly that the previous four years had taken a heavy toll on both school facilities and students.","Because of the absence of public education, it was thought that a transitional school was neccessary until the public schools would reopen. The Free School was a result of cooperation between the Prince Edward\nCounty Public School and the Free School Association, which was formed in the summer of 1963. For a period of one year, the Prince Edward County Free School Board of Trustees took the place of the Prince Edward\nCounty School Board.","According to \"The Story of the Prince Edward County Free School\" \"A former Governor of Virginia, Colgate W. Darden, Jr., served as chairman of a six-man, biracial board of trustees composed of leading educators\nof the state who were to govern the new system's program. The other trustees who agreed to serve at the request of Governeor Harrison were Dr. Fred C. Cole, President of Washington and Lee University; Dr. Robert\nP. Daniel, President of Virginia State College; Dr. Thomas H. Henderson, President of Virginia Union University; Dr. Earl H, McClenney, President of St. Pauls College, and Dr. F.D.G. Ribble, retired dean of the\nUniversity of Virginia Law School. A New York Educator, Dr. Neil V. Sullivan, who had attained success with the most modern educational methods including non-graded instruction, was employed as school\nsuperintendent.\" The Board of Trustees were able to raise more than one million dollars to support the Free School Association during it's existance. The Free School was in existance for only one year 1964-1965.","The Prince Edward County (VA) Free School Association Papers document one aspect of Virginia's Massive Resistance to public school integration. Minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, teachers and\nstudent records, vividly show the damage done to the African American Community during the time frame 1959-1963.","The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts to acquire funds, equipment,\nand the approval of a curriculum.","Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School Association.","The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment.","The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.","Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.","Administrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically","General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.","Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.","Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association","Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.","Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.","The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office Correspondence maintained by the Principal, is\narranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the problems of running a high school on a day-to-day\nbasis.","Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.","Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for the school year 1965 to 1965.","These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there are also a number of progress\nreports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.","Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.","Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.","Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.","It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance records.","Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.","Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the office of Pupil Personnel Services was established.\nThe director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.","Final grade sheets from the Prince Edward County Free School teaching faculty. Restricted","Grade books maintained by the teaching faculty of the Prince Edward Free School Association. Restricted","Book files used by the teachers in the Free School. There are also included list of recommended books for certain subjects. Arranged by grade level.","The schools and grounds were made available for students to use during the summer months when they were not in school. This sub-series documents those people who were assigned or agreed to work as supervisors\nfor this program.","Gates reading survey, the Stanford Achievement, The Wechsler Intelligence Scale, The Chuazz nonverbal standardized (Student from Michigan State) Administrated Stanford and Metropolitan Test).Restrictions apply","Student enrolled in the Prince Edward County Free School from 1963-1964. Restrictions Apply","Documents printed by the Prince Edward County Free School Association. There are also a number of other items which were collected by the Free School Administrators.","There are no restrictions.","Between the years 1959 and 1963, there were no public schools in Prince Edward County, Virginia. After five long years the County and State allowed Prince Edwards schools to reopen.\nBecause the black children of the county had no school during this period of time (the white students attended an all white academy) it was thought best to organize a free school which would pave the way for\nhundreds of young children to return to school after a five year absence. The Prince Edward County, Virginia (free school) papers are the records of that effort. The papers contain correspondence, reports,\nphotographs and other items, which document this sad period in Virginia History.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Papers of Prince Edward County Free School: 1963-1967"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the Prince Edward County Free School Board of Trustees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 50,000 Pieces"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Board of Trustees Minutes, Correspondence and Governance 1963-1967 Boxes # 1-3\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Minutes Box # 1 The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts\nto acquire funds, equipment, and the approval of a curriculum.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 1-3 Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School\nAssociation.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. The Office of the Treasurer/Secretary Boxes # 4-7 The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all\ndonated and loaned equipment.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Office of the Business Manager Boxes # 8-17B The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Office of the Superintendent Boxes # 18-29 Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Memo's and Correspondence Boxes# 18-19 -Administrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 20-22 General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Correspondence by folder heading Boxes # 23-24 Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Personal Files Boxes # 25-27 Correspondence, Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E. Exit Interviews Box # 28 Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series F. Student Evaluation Box # 29 Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Administrative Offices of the Free School system Boxes # 30-33\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. The Principals Office Boxes # 30-31 The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office\nCorrespondence maintained by the Principal, is arranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the\nproblems of running a high school on a day-to-day basis.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Department Correspondence Box # 32 Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Department Reports Box # 33 Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for\nthe school year 1965 to 1965.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Literary Box # 33A\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Reports Box # 33A These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there\nare also a number of progress reports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Speeches Box # 33A Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Writings Box # 33A Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Office of Pupil Personnel Boxes # 34-48 Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the\noffice of Pupil Personnel Services was established. The director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Correspondence Boxes # 34-35 Correspondence with heads of the units reporting to the director of student personnel.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Lunch, Daily Reports Boxes # 36-41A Applications for free lunch, menu's for each day\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Absentees Box # 42 These were required statistics maintained for the state. list of each student's attendance.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Attendance Boxes # 43-45 list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E. School Monthly Reports Box # 46 Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series F. Transportation, Students Box # 47 It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance\nrecords.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series G. Special Education Box # 47 Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series H. Clothing Box # 48 Applicants from families for clothing assistance, arranged in alphabetical order.Restricted.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. Teachers Records Boxes # 49-53\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Grade Sheets Box # 49\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Grade Books Boxes # 50-52\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Text Books Box # 53\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Summer Recreational Schedules Box # 53\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIV. Student Records Boxes # 54-63 Restricted\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Pupil Registration Cards Boxes # 54-59\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-series B. Standardized test Boxes # 60-62\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. Transcripts Boxes 63-106\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries X. Photographs Box # 107\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Admin Photographs of instructors and administratorsistrative Staff Box # 107\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Robert Kennedy's visit to Prince Edward County Box # 107 Photographs of the program held in Prince Edward County attended by the Attorney General.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI. Printed Boxes # 107-109\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series A. Yearbooks Box # 107 The Eagle\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series B. Newsletters Box # 107 The Moton Eagle The Branch # 2 Informer vol 1-4\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series C. The Story of Prince Edward Free School Box # 107 A publication commissioned by the Free School in 1964\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series D. Programs Box # 108 Plays, programs, and other events sponsored by the Free School Association, local P.T.A and The library club.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series E. Prince Edward County Pamphlet Box # 108 Pamphlet printed by the Washington Post No Date\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series F. News clippings Box # 108 Clippings from various newspapers and magazines concerning Prince Edward County.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSub-Series G. Office Supplies Box # 109 Envelopes, Stationary used by the Prince Edward County Free School\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Board of Trustees Minutes, Correspondence and Governance 1963-1967 Boxes # 1-3","Sub-Series A. Minutes Box # 1 The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts\nto acquire funds, equipment, and the approval of a curriculum.","Sub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 1-3 Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School\nAssociation.","Series II. The Office of the Treasurer/Secretary Boxes # 4-7 The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all\ndonated and loaned equipment.","Series III. Office of the Business Manager Boxes # 8-17B The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.","Series IV. Office of the Superintendent Boxes # 18-29 Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.","Sub-Series A. Memo's and Correspondence Boxes# 18-19 -Administrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically","Sub-Series B. Correspondence Boxes # 20-22 General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.","Sub-Series C. Correspondence by folder heading Boxes # 23-24 Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.","Sub-Series D. Personal Files Boxes # 25-27 Correspondence, Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association","Sub-Series E. Exit Interviews Box # 28 Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.","Sub-Series F. Student Evaluation Box # 29 Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.","Series V. Administrative Offices of the Free School system Boxes # 30-33","Sub-Series A. The Principals Office Boxes # 30-31 The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office\nCorrespondence maintained by the Principal, is arranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the\nproblems of running a high school on a day-to-day basis.","Sub-Series B. Department Correspondence Box # 32 Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.","Sub-Series C. Department Reports Box # 33 Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for\nthe school year 1965 to 1965.","Series VI. Literary Box # 33A","Sub-Series A. Reports Box # 33A These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there\nare also a number of progress reports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.","Sub-Series B. Speeches Box # 33A Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.","Sub-Series C. Writings Box # 33A Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","Series VII. Office of Pupil Personnel Boxes # 34-48 Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the\noffice of Pupil Personnel Services was established. The director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.","Sub-Series A. Correspondence Boxes # 34-35 Correspondence with heads of the units reporting to the director of student personnel.","Sub-Series B. Lunch, Daily Reports Boxes # 36-41A Applications for free lunch, menu's for each day","Sub-Series C. Absentees Box # 42 These were required statistics maintained for the state. list of each student's attendance.","Sub-Series D. Attendance Boxes # 43-45 list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.","Sub-Series E. School Monthly Reports Box # 46 Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.","Sub-Series F. Transportation, Students Box # 47 It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance\nrecords.","Sub-Series G. Special Education Box # 47 Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.","Sub-Series H. Clothing Box # 48 Applicants from families for clothing assistance, arranged in alphabetical order.Restricted.","Series VIII. Teachers Records Boxes # 49-53","Sub-Series A. Grade Sheets Box # 49","Sub-Series B. Grade Books Boxes # 50-52","Sub-Series C. Text Books Box # 53","Sub-Series D. Summer Recreational Schedules Box # 53","Series VIV. Student Records Boxes # 54-63 Restricted","Sub-Series A. Pupil Registration Cards Boxes # 54-59","Sub-series B. Standardized test Boxes # 60-62","Sub-Series C. Transcripts Boxes 63-106","Series X. Photographs Box # 107","Sub-Series A. Admin Photographs of instructors and administratorsistrative Staff Box # 107","Sub-Series B. Robert Kennedy's visit to Prince Edward County Box # 107 Photographs of the program held in Prince Edward County attended by the Attorney General.","Series XI. Printed Boxes # 107-109","Sub-Series A. Yearbooks Box # 107 The Eagle","Sub-Series B. Newsletters Box # 107 The Moton Eagle The Branch # 2 Informer vol 1-4","Sub-Series C. The Story of Prince Edward Free School Box # 107 A publication commissioned by the Free School in 1964","Sub-Series D. Programs Box # 108 Plays, programs, and other events sponsored by the Free School Association, local P.T.A and The library club.","Sub-Series E. Prince Edward County Pamphlet Box # 108 Pamphlet printed by the Washington Post No Date","Sub-Series F. News clippings Box # 108 Clippings from various newspapers and magazines concerning Prince Edward County.","Sub-Series G. Office Supplies Box # 109 Envelopes, Stationary used by the Prince Edward County Free School","Alphabetically"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe small south side county of Prince Edward had by 1963 become both a natural and international embarrassment. The county was one of five locales, which came to be called Brown v. The Board of Education\nTopeca, Kansas.The State of Virginia responded to the Supreme Court decision with what came to be called massive resistance.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1959 the Supreme Court of Virginia struck down Virginia's massive resistance laws. Public school systems throughout Virginia began to implement various programs to comply with the 1954 decision, the county\nof Prince Edward opted to close all public schools to prevent integration.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1959 until 1964, there were no public schools operating in Prince Edward County. In 1963 the Kennedy administration (mainly Robert Kennedy) brought the power of the Federal Government into the debacle in\nPrince Edward County.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe Federal Government and the United States Justice Department came to an agreement with the State of Virginia to reopen the Prince Edward County Public Schools as soon as possible. It became apparent very\nquickly that the previous four years had taken a heavy toll on both school facilities and students.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eBecause of the absence of public education, it was thought that a transitional school was neccessary until the public schools would reopen. The Free School was a result of cooperation between the Prince Edward\nCounty Public School and the Free School Association, which was formed in the summer of 1963. For a period of one year, the Prince Edward County Free School Board of Trustees took the place of the Prince Edward\nCounty School Board.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAccording to \"The Story of the Prince Edward County Free School\" \"A former Governor of Virginia, Colgate W. Darden, Jr., served as chairman of a six-man, biracial board of trustees composed of leading educators\nof the state who were to govern the new system's program. The other trustees who agreed to serve at the request of Governeor Harrison were Dr. Fred C. Cole, President of Washington and Lee University; Dr. Robert\nP. Daniel, President of Virginia State College; Dr. Thomas H. Henderson, President of Virginia Union University; Dr. Earl H, McClenney, President of St. Pauls College, and Dr. F.D.G. Ribble, retired dean of the\nUniversity of Virginia Law School. A New York Educator, Dr. Neil V. Sullivan, who had attained success with the most modern educational methods including non-graded instruction, was employed as school\nsuperintendent.\" The Board of Trustees were able to raise more than one million dollars to support the Free School Association during it's existance. The Free School was in existance for only one year 1964-1965.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The small south side county of Prince Edward had by 1963 become both a natural and international embarrassment. The county was one of five locales, which came to be called Brown v. The Board of Education\nTopeca, Kansas.The State of Virginia responded to the Supreme Court decision with what came to be called massive resistance.","In 1959 the Supreme Court of Virginia struck down Virginia's massive resistance laws. Public school systems throughout Virginia began to implement various programs to comply with the 1954 decision, the county\nof Prince Edward opted to close all public schools to prevent integration.","From 1959 until 1964, there were no public schools operating in Prince Edward County. In 1963 the Kennedy administration (mainly Robert Kennedy) brought the power of the Federal Government into the debacle in\nPrince Edward County.","The Federal Government and the United States Justice Department came to an agreement with the State of Virginia to reopen the Prince Edward County Public Schools as soon as possible. It became apparent very\nquickly that the previous four years had taken a heavy toll on both school facilities and students.","Because of the absence of public education, it was thought that a transitional school was neccessary until the public schools would reopen. The Free School was a result of cooperation between the Prince Edward\nCounty Public School and the Free School Association, which was formed in the summer of 1963. For a period of one year, the Prince Edward County Free School Board of Trustees took the place of the Prince Edward\nCounty School Board.","According to \"The Story of the Prince Edward County Free School\" \"A former Governor of Virginia, Colgate W. Darden, Jr., served as chairman of a six-man, biracial board of trustees composed of leading educators\nof the state who were to govern the new system's program. The other trustees who agreed to serve at the request of Governeor Harrison were Dr. Fred C. Cole, President of Washington and Lee University; Dr. Robert\nP. Daniel, President of Virginia State College; Dr. Thomas H. Henderson, President of Virginia Union University; Dr. Earl H, McClenney, President of St. Pauls College, and Dr. F.D.G. Ribble, retired dean of the\nUniversity of Virginia Law School. A New York Educator, Dr. Neil V. Sullivan, who had attained success with the most modern educational methods including non-graded instruction, was employed as school\nsuperintendent.\" The Board of Trustees were able to raise more than one million dollars to support the Free School Association during it's existance. The Free School was in existance for only one year 1964-1965."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[A Guide To The Papers of The Prince Edward County Free School], Accession #[1969-38 ], Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["[A Guide To The Papers of The Prince Edward County Free School], Accession #[1969-38 ], Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Prince Edward County (VA) Free School Association Papers document one aspect of Virginia's Massive Resistance to public school integration. Minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, teachers and\nstudent records, vividly show the damage done to the African American Community during the time frame 1959-1963.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts to acquire funds, equipment,\nand the approval of a curriculum.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School Association.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eAdministrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office Correspondence maintained by the Principal, is\narranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the problems of running a high school on a day-to-day\nbasis.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for the school year 1965 to 1965.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there are also a number of progress\nreports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance records.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the office of Pupil Personnel Services was established.\nThe director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Final grade sheets from the Prince Edward County Free School teaching faculty. Restricted\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Grade books maintained by the teaching faculty of the Prince Edward Free School Association. Restricted\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Book files used by the teachers in the Free School. There are also included list of recommended books for certain subjects. Arranged by grade level.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e The schools and grounds were made available for students to use during the summer months when they were not in school. This sub-series documents those people who were assigned or agreed to work as supervisors\nfor this program.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Gates reading survey, the Stanford Achievement, The Wechsler Intelligence Scale, The Chuazz nonverbal standardized (Student from Michigan State) Administrated Stanford and Metropolitan Test).Restrictions apply\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Student enrolled in the Prince Edward County Free School from 1963-1964. Restrictions Apply\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003e Documents printed by the Prince Edward County Free School Association. There are also a number of other items which were collected by the Free School Administrators.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Prince Edward County (VA) Free School Association Papers document one aspect of Virginia's Massive Resistance to public school integration. Minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, teachers and\nstudent records, vividly show the damage done to the African American Community during the time frame 1959-1963.","The mission of the Free School Association was to begin the restoration of a public school educational system in Prince Edward County Virginia. The Minutes document their efforts to acquire funds, equipment,\nand the approval of a curriculum.","Correspondence of the Board of Trustees with State, Federal Officials, members of the board, and various individuals not directly connected to the Free School Association.","The Treasurer was a member of the board of trustees. And in that position was responsible for: The Budget, Expenditures, Payroll Development, and all donated and loaned equipment.","The Business Manager was responsible for the day-to-day operation of the free school. Included in this series are several boxes of cancelled checks.","Dr. Neil Sullivan was selected as the superintendent of the Free School Association because of his experience with a non-graded school system.","Administrative memos and correspondence. Arranged Chronologically","General Correspondence, Arranged Chronologically.","Correspondence maintained by folder heading, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically within the folder.","Resumes of prospective employees of the Free School Association","Views of personnel regarding their experience working in the free school, included are some of their recommendations for improvement as observed by them.","Student views of their experience in the Free School. Comments concern instruction, facilities, and their thoughts on the future.","The organization of the Free School System was divided into four administrative groups. The largest numbers of students were assigned to the high school. Office Correspondence maintained by the Principal, is\narranged by alphabet and then chronologically within the folder. Correspondence addresses a wide range of topics, employment, administrative problems, and the problems of running a high school on a day-to-day\nbasis.","Correspondence and reports from the other administrative units in the Prince Edward County Free School System.","Most of the units were required to submit a final report for thier units at the end of the school year. This subseries documents the activities of those departments for the school year 1965 to 1965.","These reports were generated to inform those involved with the status of the free school. Amongst the reports is a final report issued by the superintendent. In addition there are also a number of progress\nreports from both the office of the superintendent and some of the other programs being provided at The Prince Edward County Free School.","Neil Sullivan and others were called upon to speak before a number of associations and groups concerning the progress of the free school.","Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","Policy Manuals for the Prince Edward County Free School, and several school divisions outside of Virginia.","list of each student's attendance. These were required statistics maintained for the state.","Required by the state of Virginia. Average daily attendance and absentees.","It was estimated that over 1,000 students would need transportation to and from school each day. Included in this sub-series are: bus drivers reports, maintenance records.","Primarily test scores used to place students in Special Education Courses. Arranged by grade and alphabetically.","Four years without a public education system devastated the African American school aged population. In order to asset the damage and effect some change the office of Pupil Personnel Services was established.\nThe director of Pupil Personnel Services coordinated the following departments: Guidance, Health, Psychological and social work services.","Final grade sheets from the Prince Edward County Free School teaching faculty. Restricted","Grade books maintained by the teaching faculty of the Prince Edward Free School Association. Restricted","Book files used by the teachers in the Free School. There are also included list of recommended books for certain subjects. Arranged by grade level.","The schools and grounds were made available for students to use during the summer months when they were not in school. This sub-series documents those people who were assigned or agreed to work as supervisors\nfor this program.","Gates reading survey, the Stanford Achievement, The Wechsler Intelligence Scale, The Chuazz nonverbal standardized (Student from Michigan State) Administrated Stanford and Metropolitan Test).Restrictions apply","Student enrolled in the Prince Edward County Free School from 1963-1964. Restrictions Apply","Documents printed by the Prince Edward County Free School Association. There are also a number of other items which were collected by the Free School Administrators."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBetween the years 1959 and 1963, there were no public schools in Prince Edward County, Virginia. After five long years the County and State allowed Prince Edwards schools to reopen.\nBecause the black children of the county had no school during this period of time (the white students attended an all white academy) it was thought best to organize a free school which would pave the way for\nhundreds of young children to return to school after a five year absence. The Prince Edward County, Virginia (free school) papers are the records of that effort. The papers contain correspondence, reports,\nphotographs and other items, which document this sad period in Virginia History.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Between the years 1959 and 1963, there were no public schools in Prince Edward County, Virginia. After five long years the County and State allowed Prince Edwards schools to reopen.\nBecause the black children of the county had no school during this period of time (the white students attended an all white academy) it was thought best to organize a free school which would pave the way for\nhundreds of young children to return to school after a five year absence. The Prince Edward County, Virginia (free school) papers are the records of that effort. The papers contain correspondence, reports,\nphotographs and other items, which document this sad period in Virginia History."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1116,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00060_c02"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00052_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series II.: Organizations and\n Affiliations","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052_c02","ref_ssm":["vipets_vipets00052_c02"],"id":"vipets_vipets00052_c02","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052","_root_":"vipets_vipets00052","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00052","parent_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052","parent_ssim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vipets_vipets00052"],"title_filing_ssi":"Organizations and\n Affiliations","title_ssm":["Series II.: Organizations and\n Affiliations"],"title_tesim":["Series II.: Organizations and\n Affiliations"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series II.: Organizations and\n Affiliations"],"text":["Series II.: Organizations and\n Affiliations","Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":28,"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052","_root_":"vipets_vipets00052","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00052.xml","title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"text":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966","1920-1966","5,000\n items","Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n found in the Virginia State University Archives.","Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel","Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n 1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n 1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n national professional organizations.","The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.","There are no restrictions.","Personal and business\n correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n \n 1920-1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1920-1966"],"unitid_tesim":["1920-1966"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robert Printiss\n Daniel"],"creator_ssim":["Robert Printiss\n Daniel"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the Daniel Family."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5,000\n items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n found in the Virginia State University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n found in the Virginia State University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n writings.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n during the 1960's\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n he would later serve as chief administrator.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe historical background, which explains, this unusual\n occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eLucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n than thirty years.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n the years of 1800-1829.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMaria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n family unit together.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n 1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n Daniel children were born.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n summers of 1943 and 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eRobert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n 1936 until 1950.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n following the death of Luther H. Foster.\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n national professional organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n 1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n 1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n national professional organizations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"prefercite_tesim":["Robert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n desegrate public facilities in Petersburg."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePersonal and business\n correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Personal and business\n correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":363,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:20.598Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052_c02"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia State University","value":"Virginia State University","hits":218},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide To the Papers of Harry Walter Roberts","value":"A Guide To the Papers of Harry 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