{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Harrison%2C+Benjamin%2C+1833-1901","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Harrison%2C+Benjamin%2C+1833-1901\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":7,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wilson, Benjamin","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Letter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2019.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196147","title_ssm":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019"],"text":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019","Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance","Richmond (Va.)","Secession - Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Benjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Secession - Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Secession - Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1 item (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1 item (1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance, A\u0026amp;M 3626, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance, A\u0026M 3626, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fad69914eeb312c91c6dd07419c098d8\"\u003eLetter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c14e5848958cf2a3d60bcd5aaa3ef653\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:20:57.224Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2019.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196147","title_ssm":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019"],"text":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019","Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance","Richmond (Va.)","Secession - Virginia.","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Benjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Letter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3626","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Secession - Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Secession - Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1 item (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":["0.01 Linear Feet Summary: 1 item (1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Wilson was born in Wilsonburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1825. He attended the Northwestern Virginia Academy at Clarksburg and the law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He then commenced practice in Clarksburg, Harrison County, Virginia (now West Virginia), and served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860. He was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872; delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1872; and was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth and three succeeding Congresses (4 March 1875 to 3 March 1883). He also served as Assistant Attorney General of the United States in 1885-1893. He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905, and was interred in the Odd Fellows Cemetery."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance, A\u0026amp;M 3626, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Benjamin Wilson, Attorney, Letter Regarding Conditions in Richmond after Passage of Secession Ordinance, A\u0026M 3626, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fad69914eeb312c91c6dd07419c098d8\"\u003eLetter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Letter of two pages authored on 19 April 1861 from Richmond, Virginia by Benjamin Wilson, a Harrison County attorney, describing conditions in Richmond after passage of the Ordinance of Secession by the Virginia General Assembly on 17 April. He indicates how \" ... almost every man and boy are in the street has [sic] a gun and sword in hand. Companies are leaving every day, where to I do not know.\" Benjamin Wilson was born in Harrison County, Virginia in 1825, attended law school in Staunton, Virginia, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. He served as Commonwealth attorney for Harrison County in 1852-1860, and was a member of the State constitutional convention of West Virginia in 1872. He later served in the U.S. Congress (1875 to 1883), and as Assistant Attorney General of the United States (1885-1893). He died in Clarksburg, West Virginia in 1905."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c14e5848958cf2a3d60bcd5aaa3ef653\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Benjamin","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:20:57.224Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2019"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Deakins family","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2514.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/211219","title_ssm":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"title_tesim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"unitdate_ssm":["1778-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1778-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514"],"text":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514","Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Surveyors and surveying.","No special access restriction applies.","William and Francis Deakins","William and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.","During the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.","From 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.","Land was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.","The Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.","Benjamin Rittenhouse","Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia.","197, 624","Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.","Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.","Among the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.","There is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.","There is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.","There is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.","Topics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.","Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787.","One land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026M 435 from A\u0026M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"collection_title_tesim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"collection_ssim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Deakins family"],"creator_ssim":["Deakins family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Deakins family"],"creators_ssim":["Deakins family"],"places_ssim":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift from Deakins, Guy A., 1950/08/22"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surveyors and surveying."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surveyors and surveying."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 2 ft. 6 1/4 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 2 ft. 6 1/4 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam and Francis Deakins\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLand was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBenjamin Rittenhouse\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William and Francis Deakins","William and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.","During the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.","From 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.","Land was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.","The Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.","Benjamin Rittenhouse","Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass, A\u0026amp;M 0197, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass, A\u0026M 0197, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e197, 624\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["197, 624"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.","Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.","Among the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.","There is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.","There is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.","There is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.","Topics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.","Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026amp;M 435 from A\u0026amp;M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026M 435 from A\u0026M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b8b8cef133fb4f8077d36fc771e2c42\"\u003eIncludes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_60d6ba964ac4f2880101008ca4401563\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"famname_ssim":["Deakins family"],"persname_ssim":["Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:20:31.687Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2514.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/211219","title_ssm":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"title_tesim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"unitdate_ssm":["1778-1925"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1778-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514"],"text":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514","Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)","Surveyors and surveying.","No special access restriction applies.","William and Francis Deakins","William and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.","During the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.","From 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.","Land was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.","The Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.","Benjamin Rittenhouse","Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia.","197, 624","Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.","Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.","Among the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.","There is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.","There is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.","There is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.","Topics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.","Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787.","One land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026M 435 from A\u0026M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0197","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2514"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"collection_title_tesim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"collection_ssim":["Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Deakins family"],"creator_ssim":["Deakins family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Deakins family"],"creators_ssim":["Deakins family"],"places_ssim":["Harrison County (W. Va.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Preston County (W. Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Salem (W. Va.)","Tucker County (W. Va.)","Upshur County (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift from Deakins, Guy A., 1950/08/22"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surveyors and surveying."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surveyors and surveying."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Linear Feet 2 ft. 6 1/4 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Linear Feet 2 ft. 6 1/4 in. (5 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 large flat storage box, 5 in.); (1 oversize folder, 1/4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam and Francis Deakins\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLand was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBenjamin Rittenhouse\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William and Francis Deakins","William and Francis Deakins played a prominent role in western land speculation after the Revolutionary War.","During the American Revolution many soldiers became aware of the magnitude of unclaimed lands beyond the east coast. This gave rise to visions of economic opportunities in land speculation. William and Francis Deakins from Montgomery County, Maryland, after serving as officers in the Maryland Militia, became two such speculators, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage land acquistions.","From 1784 through 1800 the Deakins brothers were granted over 200,000 acres of western Virginia land by the state. This included 25, 551 acres in Monongalia County (part located in what is now Preston County). The brothers divided their lands into parcels and most were resold. They also tried to establish settlements, hoping to increase land values.","Land was bought jointly and in the name of each, but Francis Deakins seems to have been the more active in promoting their affairs. He had an agent, John Deakins, at Mount Carmel, Monongalia County, where he settled German indented families.","The Deakins brothers had friends in high places. In 1787, the governor of Maryland appointed Francis Deakins as surveyor for the Military District west of Fort Cumberland, laying out lots for Revolutionary War veterans. And in 1791, President Washington acquired the services of William Deakins as a land agent, purchasing private property within the surveyed district for the new capitol city (Washington, D.C.) on the banks of the Potomac River. Washington cautioned Deakins to make these purchases as if for Deakins himself and to keep \"to the most perfect secrecy\", preventing any suspicion the land deals were on behalf of the public and therefore stopping speculations.","Benjamin Rittenhouse","Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825) was the most prolific compass maker working in America in the late 18th century, and some three dozen of his instruments are now known [2011]. He was born in Norriton, Pennsylvania, and probably learned to make clocks and compasses from his older brother, David Rittenhouse. He served as Superintendent of the American gunlock factory in Philadelphia during the Revolution, and returned to his house in Worcester Township after the war. Rittenhouse went bankrupt in 1801, and spent his latter years in Philadelphia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass, A\u0026amp;M 0197, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Deakins Family Papers and Surveying Compass, A\u0026M 0197, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e197, 624\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["197, 624"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTopics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties.","Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824), including a copy of his will dated 1 August 1816, and papers of his sons William Francis (1799-1884) and Francis William (1803-1883). The last generation represented in the collection include George S. and Guy A. Deakins of Rowlesburg, West Virginia. Their papers date up through 1925.","Among the correspondents or persons mentioned in the collection are Salathial and Thomas James Goff; Henry, George, and William Ashby; David and Philip Menear; John, Charles, and Augustine Friend; Henry Daring; William Petty John; Noah Haden; Thomas Parsons; Benjamin Harrison; Conrad and Joseph Hagmire; Frederick and Abraham Stair; John Evans; John Hoye; and Samuel Hanway.","There is correspondence between Francis Deakins of Montgomery County, Maryland, Benjamin Reeder, and William McCleery of Morgantown, dating from 1790-1803.","There is also correspondence between George S. Deakins and the Hancock Cooperage Company, Hancock, Maryland, relative to working timber in Preston County owned by Deakins.","There is a plat of the town of Salem, Harrison County, dating from ca. 1792.","Topics include the Northwestern Turnpike Road of Virginia; the West Virginia Land and Mining Company; the West Virginia Oil and Mining Company; and the Preston Lumber and Coal Company.","Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia. The line starts from the Fairfax Stone at the head of the Potomac River to the Mason and Dixon Line, and separates Garrett County, Maryland from Preston County, West Virginia. The compass, marked \"B. Rittenhouse\", was made by Benjamin Rittenhouse (1740-1825), an American compass maker, and dates from ca. 1785-1787."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026amp;M 435 from A\u0026amp;M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One land grant for Salathiel Goff signed by Virginia Governor Benjamin Harrison on 20 April 1784; separated to Rare Signatures, A\u0026M 435 from A\u0026M 197, Box 1. Document references 240 acres of land in Monongalia County located on Cheat River, adjoining lands claimed by Daniel Cammeron."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8b8b8cef133fb4f8077d36fc771e2c42\"\u003eIncludes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Includes records from several generations of the Deakins family of Montgomery County, Maryland and north central West Virginia. William (1742-1798) and Francis (1739-1804) Deakins, among the first generation, were active as land speculators after the American Revolution, applying their skills as surveyors to leverage acquisition of western lands. From 1778 their activities are documented through deeds, agreements, surveys, plats, surveyors' field books, court papers, and letters related to land purchased in Harrison, Monongalia, Preston, Randolph, Tucker, and Upshur counties. Other papers concern Leonard M. Deakins (1747-1824) and his descendants. Of special significance in the collection is the compass used by Francis Deakins to survey the \"Deakins Line\" in 1787-1788, a north-south line separating western Maryland from (West) Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_60d6ba964ac4f2880101008ca4401563\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Deakins family","Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"famname_ssim":["Deakins family"],"persname_ssim":["Ashby, George.","Ashby, Henry.","Ashby, William.","Deakins, Francis.","Deakins, Leonard M.","Evans, John","Goff, Salathiel, approximately 1748-1791","Goff, Thomas James.","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","McCleery, William.","Menear, David.","Menear, Philip.","Parsons, Thomas.","Reeder, Benjamin."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:20:31.687Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2514"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904. The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well. His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads. Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material. Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically. The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2374.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196440","title_ssm":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1799-1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1799-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374"],"text":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374","Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party","Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians","No special access restriction applies.","Henry Gassaway Davis","Henry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.","He was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.","Davis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.","Davis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026C). The P\u0026C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.","Davis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026C, and C\u0026I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026C was absorbed by the B\u0026O.","Early on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.","Davis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.","Reluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.","Although retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.","Davis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.","Davis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.","Daughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.","Henry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.","Sources:","Clarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.","Hicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026 Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154","Lewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.","Rice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026 Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337","Ross, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711","13, 717, 1028","Correspondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.","Series include:  \nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29)  \nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33)  \nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48)  \nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62)  \nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65)  \nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82)  \nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115)  \nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118)  \nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145)  \nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189)  \nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190)  \nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191)  \nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193)  \nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197)  \nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202)  \nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231)  \nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240)  \nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247)  \nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)","Among Davis's correspondents are:  \nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson  \nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson  \nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum  \nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard  \nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr.  \nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine  \nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice  \nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan  \nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden  \nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie  \nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz  \nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins  \nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr.  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett  \nOlympian Robert S. Garrett  \nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore)  \nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman  \nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison  \nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss  \nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson  \nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna  \nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont  \nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage  \nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd  \nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas  \nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer  \nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle  \nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson  \nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray  \nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts  \nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer  \nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart  \nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees  \nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh  \nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney  \nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte  \nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"creator_ssm":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creator_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creators_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["105.9 Linear Feet 105 ft. 11 in. 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(249 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (14 ledgers, 18 in.); (6 oversize folders, 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026amp;O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026amp;O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026amp;C). The P\u0026amp;C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026amp;C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026amp;I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026amp;I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026amp;C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026amp;C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026amp;C, and C\u0026amp;I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026amp;C was absorbed by the B\u0026amp;O.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026amp; Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026amp; Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoss, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis","Henry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.","He was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.","Davis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.","Davis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026C). The P\u0026C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.","Davis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026C, and C\u0026I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026C was absorbed by the B\u0026O.","Early on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.","Davis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.","Reluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.","Although retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.","Davis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.","Davis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.","Daughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.","Henry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.","Sources:","Clarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.","Hicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026 Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154","Lewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.","Rice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026 Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337","Ross, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0013, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers, A\u0026M 0013, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e13, 717, 1028\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["13, 717, 1028"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong Davis's correspondents are: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOlympian Robert S. Garrett \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.","Series include:  \nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29)  \nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33)  \nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48)  \nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62)  \nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65)  \nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82)  \nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115)  \nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118)  \nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145)  \nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189)  \nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190)  \nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191)  \nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193)  \nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197)  \nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202)  \nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231)  \nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240)  \nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247)  \nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)","Among Davis's correspondents are:  \nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson  \nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson  \nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum  \nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard  \nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr.  \nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine  \nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice  \nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan  \nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden  \nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie  \nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz  \nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins  \nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr.  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett  \nOlympian Robert S. Garrett  \nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore)  \nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman  \nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison  \nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss  \nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson  \nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna  \nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont  \nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage  \nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd  \nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas  \nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer  \nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle  \nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson  \nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray  \nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts  \nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer  \nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart  \nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees  \nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh  \nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney  \nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte  \nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bececc3958fd8321627340a6836c39d7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"persname_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":990,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:13:20.196Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_2374.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/196440","title_ssm":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"title_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1799-1919"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1799-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374"],"text":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374","Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party","Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians","No special access restriction applies.","Henry Gassaway Davis","Henry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.","He was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.","Davis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.","Davis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026C). The P\u0026C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.","Davis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026C, and C\u0026I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026C was absorbed by the B\u0026O.","Early on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.","Davis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.","Reluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.","Although retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.","Davis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.","Davis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.","Daughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.","Henry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.","Sources:","Clarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.","Hicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026 Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154","Lewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.","Rice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026 Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337","Ross, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711","13, 717, 1028","Correspondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.","Series include:  \nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29)  \nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33)  \nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48)  \nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62)  \nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65)  \nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82)  \nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115)  \nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118)  \nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145)  \nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189)  \nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190)  \nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191)  \nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193)  \nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197)  \nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202)  \nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231)  \nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240)  \nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247)  \nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)","Among Davis's correspondents are:  \nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson  \nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson  \nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum  \nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard  \nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr.  \nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine  \nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice  \nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan  \nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden  \nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie  \nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz  \nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins  \nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr.  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett  \nOlympian Robert S. Garrett  \nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore)  \nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman  \nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison  \nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss  \nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson  \nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna  \nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont  \nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage  \nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd  \nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas  \nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer  \nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle  \nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson  \nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray  \nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts  \nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer  \nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart  \nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees  \nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh  \nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney  \nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte  \nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 0013","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/2374"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"creator_ssm":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creator_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"creators_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Banks and banking","Coal mining.","Elk Garden Coal Field.","Lumber trade","Railroads - West Virginia Central and Pittsburgh Railway.","Railroads","Lumber industry and timber.","Politics and government.","West Virginia - Politics and government.","Politicians -- United States","Politicians"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["105.9 Linear Feet 105 ft. 11 in. 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(249 document cases, 5 in. each); (3 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (14 ledgers, 18 in.); (6 oversize folders, 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026amp;O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026amp;O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026amp;C). The P\u0026amp;C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026amp;C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026amp;I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026amp;I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026amp;C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026amp;C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026amp;C, and C\u0026amp;I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026amp;C was absorbed by the B\u0026amp;O.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDavis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHenry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026amp; Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026amp; Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoss, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Henry Gassaway Davis","Henry Gassaway Davis (11/16/1823-03/11/1916) was a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.","He was born near Woodstock, Maryland on November 16, 1823, and was the second son of four children. He received a limited public-school education and left school at age 15 to support his family after his father's contracting business failed and left the family destitute. Davis first worked at a local quarry, as a water boy, and then as the caretaker of the Waverly Farm, the nearby farm owned by former Maryland Governor George Howard.","Davis began his railroading career in 1842 at age nineteen as a brakeman for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, then still under construction. He eventually advanced to the position of freight conductor, and then passenger conductor. Reportedly at Davis's request, he was appointed station agent for the Piedmont Station at Piedmont, [West] Virginia, because he wanted to explore the timber and coal resources of the Upper Potomac River region. About this same time, Davis established a mercantile lumber and coal business with his younger brothers Thomas B. Davis and William R. Davis at Piedmont. This business was known as H.G. Davis and Company (later H.G. Davis and Brother). Davis left the B\u0026O in 1858 to focus on his business concerns. One of these concerns was the Piedmont Savings Bank, which he founded in 1858 and for which he served as president. Davis, like so many entrepreneurs, made extraordinary profits during the Civil War. Profits from the sale of horses to the federal government and timber and ties to the B\u0026O Railroad enabled H.G. Davis and Company to invest in several thousand acres of coal and timber lands in the Upper Potomac and Cheat rivers region, at a cost said to be as cheap as one dollar per acre.","Davis founded the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company to provide railroad access to his coal and timber lands. In 1866 the West Virginia State Legislature, by a special act, incorporated the Cumberland and Piedmont Coal and Railway Company, granting the incorporators the right to mine coal, build factories and sawmills, buy and sell real estate, and build a railroad. It would be several years before Davis acted on the charter. Construction of the railroad finally began in 1880 at Bloomington, Maryland, and by 1881 the line had reached his mines at Elk Garden, West Virginia. Davis shipped the first Elk Garden coal to Baltimore in October 1881. A new railroad charter was granted in 1881 and Davis renamed the line the West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway (WVC). By 1884 the line had reached present-day Davis, then Parsons in 1888, and Elkins (then Leadville) in 1889. Meanwhile in 1886, Davis created a subsidiary railroad, the Piedmont and Cumberland Railway Company (P\u0026C). The P\u0026C connected the WVC with the Pennsylvania Railroad at Cumberland. In 1902 Davis sold the WVC and P\u0026C to George J. Gould, a railroad magnate, who was purchasing and consolidating rail lines to create an intercontinental railroad.","Davis desired to expand his rail network and in 1899 decided to construct a rail line connecting the WVC at Elkins with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad at Durbin, West Virginia. This line became the Coal and Iron Railway (C\u0026I) and was completed in 1902. Davis used the profits of the sale of the WVC to fund construction of the C\u0026I. Not finished yet with railroad construction, Davis incorporated the Coal and Coke Railway Company (C\u0026C) in 1902 to exploit his Roaring Creek coal properties located in Randolph County. This new line ran from Elkins to Charleston via the Elk River through some of West Virginia's most difficult terrain. The C\u0026C connected the Western Maryland at Elkins with the Kanawha and Michigan Railroad at Charleston, providing new markets for West Virginia coal. Construction commenced in 1903 and was completed in 1905, requiring twelve tunnels and thirty steel bridges. The town Gassaway, in Braxton County, was located at the mid-point of the rail line and became the divisional headquarters of the line. Ultimately, the WVC, P\u0026C, and C\u0026I were acquired by the Western Maryland Railroad and the C\u0026C was absorbed by the B\u0026O.","Early on in his career, Davis recognized that being in politics would further his business. Consequently, Davis ran for office on the democratic platform and was elected to the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1865 representing Hampshire County. Davis was very influential in the creation of Mineral and Grant counties in 1866, an effort which advanced his business interests. He was elected to the West Virginia Senate in 1868 and served in that capacity until 1871, when he was elected to the United States Senate. Davis served as a West Virginia Senator from 1871 to 1883.","Davis retired from politics in 1883 and returned to West Virginia to oversee his coal and banking interests. He then formed the Davis Coal and Coke Company with his son-in-law Stephen B. Elkins in 1886. The company controlled 135,000 acres of coal and timber lands, employed 1600 workers, operated nine mines, and furnished coal to be coked in its more than 1000 coke ovens. By 1892 Davis Coal and Coke was one of the largest coal producers world-wide.","Reluctantly, Davis was nominated as the vice-presidential candidate in the 1904 presidential election with Alton B. Parker as his running mate and presidential candidate. They lost to the Roosevelt-Fairbanks ticket by a wide margin. In running for office at the age of 80 Davis had become, and remains, one of the oldest candidates to have ever run for vice president of the United States.","Although retired from public service, Davis was appointed to represent the United States at the Pan-American Conferences (1889-1902) and later was appointed permanent chairman of the Pan-American Railway Committee, which he served from 1901 to his death in 1916. (The Pan-American Railway was a failed intercontinental railroad scheme. Promoters wanted to connect the capitals and principle cities of South and Central America with North America by rail). Davis also served as Chairman of the West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission in 1913, the group tasked with planning the \"Golden Jubilee\" or 50th anniversary of West Virginia statehood.","Davis's philanthropic legacy was notable. His charitable activities included funding the Davis Children's Shelter in Charleston, West Virginia, a shelter for orphaned and neglected children (1896); the Davis Memorial Presbyterian Church, a church built in memory of his wife Katherine Bantz Davis; and the Davis Memorial Hospital in Davis, also constructed as a memorial to his deceased wife.  Perhaps most notably, he donated the land for Davis and Elkins College in 1904, a liberal arts college named in honor of H.G. Davis and Stephen B. Elkins.","Davis married Katherine Ann Salome Bantz on 22 February 1853. The couple had eight children, three of whom died in infancy. The oldest child, Mary Louise \"Hallie\" Davis, married US Senator Stephen B. Elkins on 14 April 1875, linking the names Davis and Elkins forever.","Daughter Grace Thomas Davis became the namesake of Graceland, Davis's country mansion in Davis, West Virginia, and after his wife died she became his hostess for events held at the mansion. His older son Henry Gassaway Davis was something of a troubled soul, and was lost at sea in 1896. His youngest son John Thomas Davis worked closely with his father, was later associated with Davis and Elkins College, and became a coal operator and banker.","Henry Gassaway Davis passed in Washington D.C. on 11 March 1916 at the age of 93. He is interred at Maplewood Cemetery, Elkins, West Virginia.","Sources:","Clarke, Alan. The West Virginia Central and Pittsburg: a Western Maryland Predecessor. Lynchburg: TLC Publishing. 2003.","Hicks, W. Raymond. \"The West Virginia Central \u0026 Pittsburgh Railway. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin. JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43518154","Lewis, Ronald L. Transforming the Appalachian Countryside: Railroads, Deforestation, and Social Change in West Virginia, 1880-1920. Chapel Hill: University off North Carolina Press, 1998.","Rice, Donald L. \"Coal \u0026 Coke Railway.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1337","Ross, Thomas Richard. \"Henry Gassaway Davis.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1711"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 0013, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916) Papers, A\u0026M 0013, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e13, 717, 1028\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["13, 717, 1028"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong Davis's correspondents are: \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr. \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nOlympian Robert S. Garrett \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore) \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence and business papers of Henry Gassaway Davis (1823-1916), a successful businessman and politician from West Virginia.  He was the Democratic Party's nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1904.  The collection largely documents his business and political career, although there are personal papers in the collection as well.  His business interests were largely concerned with coal mining, timber, and railroads.  Types of documents include letters, reports, account books, and maps, among other material.  Much of the correspondence is arranged alphabetically.  The scope and content note of each record series provides substantial detail regarding content.","Series include:  \nSeries 1a. Business Papers, 1882-1909 (boxes 1-29)  \nSeries 1b. Banking Records, 1886-1916 (boxes 30-33)  \nSeries 2. Coal Company Operations, 1799-1915 (boxes 34-48)  \nSeries 3. Miscellaneous Papers, 1855-1916 (boxes 49-62)  \nSeries 4. Miscellaneous Letters, 1872-1915 (boxes 63-65)  \nSeries 5. Miscellaneous Bills and Receipts, 1872-1918 (boxes 66-82)  \nSeries 6. Miscellaneous, 1872-1916 (boxes 83-115)  \nSeries 7. Alexander Shaw Lawsuit, 1880-1894 (boxes 116-118)  \nSeries 8. Personal and Political Papers, 1870-1916 (boxes 119-145)  \nSeries 9. Railroads, 1862-1916 (boxes 146-189)  \nSeries 10. West Virginia Semi-Centennial Commission, 1911 August 9–1913 July 26 (box 190)  \nSeries 11. T.B. Davis Papers, 1879-1915 (box 191)  \nSeries 12. Davis Memorial Hospital and Church, 1898-1916 (boxes 192-193)  \nSeries 13. H.G. Davis and Brother, 1868-1905 (boxes 194-197)  \nSeries 14. Real Estate and Timber, 1869-1915 (boxes 198-202)  \nSeries 15. H.G. Davis Letter Books, 1865-1916 (boxes 203-231)  \nSeries 16. West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway Company Letter Books, 1880-1903 (boxes 232-240)  \nSeries 17. Minute, Letter, and Other Books, 1881-1914 (boxes 241-247)  \nSeries 18. Oversized Ledgers, 1884-1913 (boxes 248-260)","Among Davis's correspondents are:  \nU.S. Representative John D. Alderson  \nWest Virginia Governor George W. Atkinson  \nU.S. Senator William Henry Barnum  \nU.S. Ambassador to the U.K. Thomas F. Bayard  \nU.S. Minister to the Netherlands August Belmont, Sr.  \nU.S. Senator James G. Blaine  \nU.S. Senator Calvin S. Brice  \nU.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan  \nU.S. Senator Johnson N. Camden  \nindustrialist Andrew Carnegie  \nPresident of Mexico General Porfirio Díaz  \nU.S. Secretary of War Stephen Benton Elkins  \nU.S. Minister to France Charles J. Faulkner, Sr.  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President John W. Garrett  \nOlympian Robert S. Garrett  \nJames Cardinal Gibbons (Cardinal, Archbishop of Baltimore)  \nU.S. Senator Arthur Pue Gorman  \nU.S. President Benjamin Harrison  \nConfederate cartographer Jedidiah (Jed) Hotchkiss  \nMaryland Governor Elihu Emory Jackson  \nU.S. Senator John E. Kenna  \nU.S. Secretary of War Daniel S. Lamont  \nU.S. Congressman Adam Brown Littlepage  \nU.S. Representative James Tilghman Lloyd  \nPresident of the WV Supreme Court of Appeals Daniel Bedinger Lucas  \nConsul General of Wurttemberg Charles F. Mayer  \nWest Virginia Governor William A. McCorkle  \nU.S. Senator John R. McPherson  \nU.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Joseph S. Miller  \nBaltimore and Ohio Railroad President Oscar G. Murray  \nPennsylvania Railroad President George Brooke Roberts  \nSouthern Railway President Samuel Spencer  \nU.S. Senator Thomas Taggart  \nU.S. Senator Daniel W. Voorhees  \nU.S. Senator Thomas J. Walsh  \nU.S. Secretary of the Navy William Collins Whitney  \nMaryland Governor William Pinkney Whyte  \nU.S. Secretary of the Treasury William Windom"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bececc3958fd8321627340a6836c39d7\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"persname_ssim":["Davis, Henry Gassaway, 1823-1916","Alderson, J. D. (John Duffy), 1854-1910","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Bayard, Thomas F.","Belmont, August.","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925","Camden, J. N. (Johnson Newlon), 1828-1908","Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919","Dayton, Spencer","Díaz, Porfirio, 1830-1915","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Faulkner, Charles James, 1806-1884","Faulkner, Charles J. (Charles James), 1847-1929","Garrett, John W.","Gibbons, James, 1834-1921","Gorman, Arthur P. (Arthur Pue), 1839-1906","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Kenna, John E.","Lamont, Daniel Scott, 1851-1905","Lucas, Daniel B.","MacCorkle, William Alexander, 1857-1930","Mason, James M. II.","Voorhees, Daniel W. (Daniel Wolsey), 1827-1897","Walsh, Thomas J.","Whitney, William C.","Windom, William."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":990,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:13:20.196Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_2374"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Historical Photograph Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_4_resources_49.xml","title_ssm":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49"],"text":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49","Historical Photograph Collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size.","Items in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources.","The Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate.","Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Detroit Publishing Co.","Commercial Photo Co.","Henry's Camera Center","Brown Brothers (New York, N.Y.)","Library of Congress","Wayne Studio and Photographic Color Laboratories","United States. Forest Service","F. W. Van Zile Popular Tours","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Associates' Photography and News Service","Washington star-news (Washington, D.C.) (1852-1981)","Kadel \u0026 Herbert News Service (New York)","Wide World Photos, inc.","Hart, Schaffner \u0026 Marx","Davis, Wick, Rosengarten Company, Inc.","Sunday Group Editorial Service","Sunday Sun Magazine","Smithsonian American Art Museum","Grand Army of the Republic","Washington Photo Co. (1900s)","Judd \u0026 Detweiler","Central News Photo Service","Bain News Service","National Pictorial News","American Legion","National Photo Company","Warner Bros. Pictures (1923-1967)","Boy Scouts of America","International News Photos (New York, N.Y.)","National Broadcast Company","Rembrandt Studios, Inc.","Freemasons. Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22 (Alexandria, Va.)","Washington Times-Herald","Acme Newspictures (New York, N.Y.)","U. S. Army Signal Corps","United States Information Agency","Carl Byoir \u0026 Associates","Republic Aviation Corporation","White House (Washington, D.C.)","Frick Art Reference Library (New York)","Corcoran Gallery of Art","Allen \u0026 Horton","Wenderoth, Taylor \u0026 Brown","Boude \u0026 Miley Photographers","Bell \u0026 Bro. (Washington, D.C.)","Currier \u0026 Ives","Whitehurst Gallery (Washington, D.C.)","Seeley \u0026 Murphy","R. F. Field \u0026 Co.","American Stereoscopic Company","Langenheim, Loyd \u0026 Co.","E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony (Firm)","London Stereoscopic Company","Underwood \u0026 Underwood","H.C. White Co.","Berry, Kelley \u0026 Chadwick","American Colortype Company","Kilburn Brothers","International View Co.","Stereo-Travel Co.","R. Newell \u0026 Son","Centennial Photographic Co.","Rudolph Lesch Fine Arts, Inc.","Young People's Christian Union (Founded 1893)","Israel \u0026 Riddle. Stephen Israel","H. E. Hoyt \u0026 Co.","Beck Engraving Company","McIntosh Stereopticon Co.","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle","Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","Soule Art Company","Washington and Lee University","American Museum of Natural History (New York)","New York (State) Education Department. Division of visual instruction. ","L. Manasse, Lantern Slides (Chicago)","Pennsylvania. State Museum (Harrisburg, PA)","Fisher, Robert B.","Dunlop, James R.","Leet Bros.","Abbott, Harold T.","Chamberlain, Samuel V., 1895-1975","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Rowe, Abbie, 1905-1967","Meek, James W.","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Brady, Mathew B., approximately 1823-1896","Penrose, Henry K.","Louden, Orren R.","Trowbridge, Raymond W., 1886-1936","Johnson, N. G.  (Newton G.)","Parker, Edmund, 1827-1898","Bushrod, Thomas, 1825-1902","Jarvis, J. F.  (John Fillis), 1849-1931","Glocker, Charles Peyton","Glocker, Marietta Rodgers Cooper, 1845-1920","Davis, V. C.","Simms, Charles","Graham, Albert Belmont, 1868-1960","Woltz, Lewis P.","Baker, Reid S.","Laverty, H.J. ","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Sprouse, Edith Moore","Lehman, Harry","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Petitt, Arthur","Grimsley, Norman","Doughton, Page","Kennedy, George","Hatch","Webster, John Wallace","Grimsley, Norman, 1890-1976","Maxey, Mary Frances Campbell","Cragg, Esther Thomas, 1900-1966","Ritter, H.H.","Hillers, J.K.","Gibbs, Edward C., 1893-1963","Gibbs, Francis T.","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","Neitzey, Wilfred Henry, 1895-1988","Wernle, Albert","Vandenberg, Arthur H., Senator, 1884-1951","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Battle, John Stewart, 1890-1972","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Tarr, Irene Haley, 1898-1988","Furness, Anna Ramsey, 1876-1964","Isham, Elizabeth Totten","Tyler, Constance Ellen, 1911-1963","Burdick, Alison Ward, 1912-2007","Lamont, Elinor Miner, 1901-1972","Sullivan, Priscilla Manning, 1911-1994","Cabot, Nancy Graves, 1889-1969","Beirne, Rosamond Randall, 1894-1969","Moore, Susan Rutledge, 1906-1987","Platt, Page Anderson, 1899-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Leary, Eliza Ferry, 1851-1935","Fisher, Amos","Herbert, Upton","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Burgess, William H., 1816-1893","Woodbridge, S. Homer (Samuel Homer), 1848","Young , James","Sully, Thomas, 1783-1872","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Fraser, Charles, 1782-1860","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Thomas, O. J. \"Buck\" (Oswald)","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","Cragg, James \"Finney\", 1898-1977","Washington, Julian H., 1894-1953","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Bailey, Olive, 1903-1980","Quander, Thomas H.","Ford, George F., 1859-1935","Kaessinger, Charles H.","Holland, William, 1887-1968","Heiberg, Anna Howell Dodge, 1877-1967","Lowther, Minnie Kendall, 1869-1947","Livingood, Lily Foster","Rouse, James B., 1896-1946","Killam, Charles W.","Rouse, William L.","Enersen, Lawrence","Permar, William Jones, 1856-1940","Lacey, Fred","Simms, Walter","Ayres, Tom","Collins, Howard","Rogers, Manuel","McCalley, Charles","Deavers, Linton, 1906-1968","Costello, Ernest","Miller, George W. (Willie)","Taylor, Roy","Morse, Frank","Clapp, Harvey, Jr.","Fredericks, Harold J.","Duvall, James Garfield (Jesse)","Barnwell, Edward","Sutliff, Shirley","Tindall, Joyce","Neitzey, Albert","Macomber, Walter","Simms, Sherman","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Embrey, Ernest","Dodson, Howard","Thomas, James","Jacobs, William","Hammond, Frank H.","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Dakin, Monta Lee","Rhodehamel, John, H.","Clark, Ellen McCallister, 1953-","Norton, Dean","Schrage-Norton, Susanne","Thompson, Mary V., 1955-","Gorham, Anne Huber","Miller, Johnnie J.","Bermingham, Philip","Harbour, John E.","Compton, Grant","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Payne, John Lee, Sr., 1943-2007","Embrey, Ernest \"Lee\", Jr.","Talbot, Robert \"Abie\"","Dawson, Kenneth","Keeler, Sue","Kennedy, Flora","St. Mars, Hope","Tancil, Gladys","Meadows, Christine, 1932-2013","Tisara, Nina","Sarbanes, Paul","Lee, Jane Carew, 1931-2019","Stanton, Robert George, 1940-","Connolly, Harry, 1952-","Funderburk, Charles F.","Todd, Scotty","Staten, Henry","Carter, Theodore M.","Miller, Rebecca","Eves, Ethel","McDermott, Charlie","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hayes, Lucy Webb, 1831-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Gould, Jay, 1836-1892","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Morton, Levi P.  (Levi Parsons), 1824-1920","McKinley, William, 1834-1901","Heinrich, Prince of Prussia, 1862-1929","Edison, Thomas A. (Thomas Alva), 1847-1931","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire, 1852-1931","Viviani, René, 1863-1925","Balfour, Arthur James, 1848-1930","Foster, George E., Sir (George Eulas), 1847-1931","Lansing, Robert, 1864-1928","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Moncheur, Ludovic, Baron, 1857-1940","Vesnić, Milenko, 1863-1921","Reading, Rufus Daniel Isaacs, Marquess of, 1860-1935","Lang, Cosmo Gordon, 1864-1945","Tokugawa, Iesato, 1863-1940","Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1875-1934","Marshall, Thomas R. (Thomas Riley), 1854-1925","Léopold III, King of the Belgians, 1901-1983","Elisabeth, Queen, consort of Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1876-1965","Foster, Victorine Du Pont, 1849-1934","Townsend, Amy Cornell","Marshall, Lois Irene Kimsey, 1873-1958","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Windsor, Edward, Duke of, 1894-1972","Phillips, William, 1878-1968","Gouraud, Henri, 1867-1946","Calles, Plutarco Elías, 1877-1945","Wright, J. Butler  (Joshua Butler), 1877-1939","George, David Lloyd, 1863-1945","Marie, Queen, consort of Ferdinand I, King of Romania, 1875-1938","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Whitehill, Clarence, 1871-1932","Curtis, Charles, 1860-1936","Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964","Hoover, Lou Henry, 1874-1944","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Thayer, Pauline Revere, 1862-1934","Hart, Laurance H.","Roosevelt, Franklin D.  (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Damtew, Desta, Ras, 1892-1937","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952","Peery, Nancy Gillespie, 1882-1963","Page, Roswell, 1858-1939","Call, Norman, 1880-1959","Smoot, William Albert, 2nd, 1878-1941","Watson, Edwin M.  (Edwin Martin), 1883-1945","Bastedo, Paul, 1887-1951","Buchan, John, 1875-1940","Stirl, George S.","George VI, King of Great Britain, 1895-1952","Elizabeth, Queen, consort of George VI, King of Great Britain, 1900-2002","Lamb, William Harrison","Marler, Howard B.","Towner, Harriet C. (Harriet Cole), 1869-1942","Qualters, Thomas","Bloom, Sol, 1870-1949","Lindsay, Ronald C., 1877-1945","Lindsay, Elizabeth Sherman Hoyt, 1885-1954","Somoza, Anastasio, 1896-1956","Somoza, Salvadora Debayle, 1895-1987","Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, 1909-2004","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Prado y Ugarteche, Manuel, 1889-1967 ","Petar II Karađorđević, King of Yugoslavia, 1923-1970","Darden, Colgate W. (Colgate Whitehead), 1897-1981","Wallington, Jimmy","Moncure, Henry T.","Chiang, May-ling Soong, 1897-2003","Brown, Wilson, 1882-1957","Peñaranda Castillo, Enrique, 1892-1969","Beneš, Edvard, 1884-1948","Billups, Mary Govan, 1874-1971","Failing, Mary Forbush, 1862-1947","Denham, Mary Simkins, 1868-1950","Loughborough, Louise Wright, 1881-1962","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Carpenter, Harriet Isham, 1869-1948","Morínigo, Higinio, 1897-1983","Mikołajczyk, Stanisław, 1901-1966","Gaulle, Charles de, 1890-1970","Hoppenot, Henri","Sveinn Björnsson, 1881-1952","Thor Thors, 1903-1965","Grau San Martín, Ramón, 1887-1969","ʻAbd al-Ilāh, Prince, 1913-1958","Ríos Morales, Juan Antonio, 1888-1946","Stelle, John H., 1891-1962","Cassell, C. Abayomi (Christian Abayomi)","Bevin, Ernest, 1881-1951","Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, 1902-1969","Alexander of Tunis, Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, Earl, 1891-1969","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Patterson, Robert Porter, 1891-1952","Alemán, Miguel, 1905-1983","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Clark, Tom C. (Tom Campbell), 1899-1977","Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","Thurmond, Jean Crouch, 1926-1960","Dutra, Eurico Gaspar, 1883-1974","Nehru, Kamala, 1899-1936","Nehru, Jawaharlal, 1889-1964","Gandhi, Indira, 1917-1984","Franks, Oliver, Baron, 1905-1992","Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Philip, Prince, consort of Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1921-2021","Simmons, John F. (John Farr), 1892-1968","Akihito, Emperor Emeritus of Japan, 1933-","Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1901-1964","Frederika, Queen, consort of Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1917-1981","Rhee, Syngman, 1875-1965","Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 1892-1975","Tubman, William V. S., 1895-1971","Warren, Romayne Latta, 1877-1968","Magloire, Paul Eugène, 1907-2001","Scelba, Mario, 1901-","Martino, Gaetano, 1900-1967","Phibūnsongkhrām, Plǣk, 1897-1964","Nu, U, 1907-1995","Albert II, King of the Belgians, 1934-","Conger, Clement E.","Cunha, Paulo, 1908-1986","Robertson, Albert James, 1893-1978","Broyhill, Joel T.  (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","Buxton, Clarence Edward, 1888-1978","Soekarno, 1901-1970","Cumming, Hugh S. (Hugh Smith), Jr., 1900-1986","Kishi, Nobusuke, 1896-1987","Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry, 1926-2020","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Cooke, Elizabeth Throckmorton, 1897-1993","Carter, Rosalynn","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Hussein, King of Jordan, 1935-1999","Bush, Laura Welch, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946- ","Slaughter, Philip, Reverend, 1808-1890","Sharples, James, 1752-1811","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Crosby, Ellen Lovell, 1853-1942","Crosby, Virginia Van Stone, 1888-1964","Merritt, J. D.","Mott, Agnes Peter, 1880-1957","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Bush, Margaret Gage","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Rockwood, George Gardner, 1832-1911","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917","McHenry, Mary","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Bufford, John Henry, 1810-1870","Nichols, David","Wright, Joseph, 1756-1793","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Lee, Mary Randolph Custis, 1808-1873","Ferris, Stephen James, 1835-1915","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Wollaston, John, 1710-1775?","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Leutze, Emanuel, 1816-1868","Worth, E. M. (Edwin M.), Professor, 1838-1917","Brewerton, George Douglas, 1820-1901","Whitehurst, Jesse Harrison, 1819-1875","Ingersoll, T. W. (Truman Ward), 1862-1922","Gibbs, J. (Joseph) Norman, 1855-1933","Lewis, Annie Burr Auchincloss, 1902-1959","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Sarony, Napoleon, 1821-1896","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Rinehart, A. E.  (Alfred Edward), 1851-1915","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Miley, Michael, 1841-1918","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Platz, Max","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Thomas, Samuel A.","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Naramore, D. H. (Daniel H.)","Baulch, William","Loyd, William","Langenheim, Frederick, 1809-1879","Langenheim, William, 1807-1874","England, William, 1830-1896","Waldsmith, Robert, 1913-1993","Stacy, George, 1831-1897","White, Hawley C.","Singley,  B. L.  (Benjamin Lloyd)","Kelley, E. W., active 1868-1908","Cremer, James, 1821-1893","Bell, William, 1830-1910","Wasson, C. L. (Charles L.)","Newell, Robert, 1822-1897","Brown, Henry Kirke, 1814-1886","Tuttle, H. C.","Kilburn, B. W.  (Benjamin West), 1827-1909","Weil, P. F. (Peter F.)","Chase, W. M.  (William M.), approximately 1818-1901","Butler, Lucretia Wolcott Dodge, 1876-1914","Greenough, Horatio, 1805-1852","O'Donovan, William Rudolph, 1844-1920","Votaw, Albert H.  (Albert Hiatt), 1850-1931","Walker, Lewis E.  (Lewis Emory), 1822-1880","DeSouza, E.","Miller, Arthur C.","Ulman, Nathalia","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Thurston, John H.","Thompson, E. B. (Ezra Bowen), 1865-1951","Pyle, Howard, 1853-1911","Van Altena, Edward, 1873-1968","Heyder, Augusta A.","Wilcox, William A. (William Alonzo), 1857-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creators_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["89 Linear Feet Variety of container sizes based on photograph sizes and material types. Over-sized items are housed in drawers."],"extent_tesim":["89 Linear Feet Variety of container sizes based on photograph sizes and material types. Over-sized items are housed in drawers."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historical Photograph Collection, [Folder], Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, The George Washington Presidential Library [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historical Photograph Collection, [Folder], Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, The George Washington Presidential Library [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate."],"names_ssim":["Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Detroit Publishing Co.","Commercial Photo Co.","Henry's Camera Center","Brown Brothers (New York, N.Y.)","Library of Congress","Wayne Studio and Photographic Color Laboratories","United States. Forest Service","F. W. Van Zile Popular Tours","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Associates' Photography and News Service","Washington star-news (Washington, D.C.) (1852-1981)","Kadel \u0026 Herbert News Service (New York)","Wide World Photos, inc.","Hart, Schaffner \u0026 Marx","Davis, Wick, Rosengarten Company, Inc.","Sunday Group Editorial Service","Sunday Sun Magazine","Smithsonian American Art Museum","Grand Army of the Republic","Washington Photo Co. (1900s)","Judd \u0026 Detweiler","Central News Photo Service","Bain News Service","National Pictorial News","American Legion","National Photo Company","Warner Bros. Pictures (1923-1967)","Boy Scouts of America","International News Photos (New York, N.Y.)","National Broadcast Company","Rembrandt Studios, Inc.","Freemasons. Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22 (Alexandria, Va.)","Washington Times-Herald","Acme Newspictures (New York, N.Y.)","U. S. Army Signal Corps","United States Information Agency","Carl Byoir \u0026 Associates","Republic Aviation Corporation","White House (Washington, D.C.)","Frick Art Reference Library (New York)","Corcoran Gallery of Art","Allen \u0026 Horton","Wenderoth, Taylor \u0026 Brown","Boude \u0026 Miley Photographers","Bell \u0026 Bro. (Washington, D.C.)","Currier \u0026 Ives","Whitehurst Gallery (Washington, D.C.)","Seeley \u0026 Murphy","R. F. Field \u0026 Co.","American Stereoscopic Company","Langenheim, Loyd \u0026 Co.","E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony (Firm)","London Stereoscopic Company","Underwood \u0026 Underwood","H.C. White Co.","Berry, Kelley \u0026 Chadwick","American Colortype Company","Kilburn Brothers","International View Co.","Stereo-Travel Co.","R. Newell \u0026 Son","Centennial Photographic Co.","Rudolph Lesch Fine Arts, Inc.","Young People's Christian Union (Founded 1893)","Israel \u0026 Riddle. Stephen Israel","H. E. Hoyt \u0026 Co.","Beck Engraving Company","McIntosh Stereopticon Co.","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle","Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","Soule Art Company","Washington and Lee University","American Museum of Natural History (New York)","New York (State) Education Department. Division of visual instruction. ","L. Manasse, Lantern Slides (Chicago)","Pennsylvania. State Museum (Harrisburg, PA)","Fisher, Robert B.","Dunlop, James R.","Leet Bros.","Abbott, Harold T.","Chamberlain, Samuel V., 1895-1975","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Rowe, Abbie, 1905-1967","Meek, James W.","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Brady, Mathew B., approximately 1823-1896","Penrose, Henry K.","Louden, Orren R.","Trowbridge, Raymond W., 1886-1936","Johnson, N. G.  (Newton G.)","Parker, Edmund, 1827-1898","Bushrod, Thomas, 1825-1902","Jarvis, J. F.  (John Fillis), 1849-1931","Glocker, Charles Peyton","Glocker, Marietta Rodgers Cooper, 1845-1920","Davis, V. C.","Simms, Charles","Graham, Albert Belmont, 1868-1960","Woltz, Lewis P.","Baker, Reid S.","Laverty, H.J. ","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Sprouse, Edith Moore","Lehman, Harry","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Petitt, Arthur","Grimsley, Norman","Doughton, Page","Kennedy, George","Hatch","Webster, John Wallace","Grimsley, Norman, 1890-1976","Maxey, Mary Frances Campbell","Cragg, Esther Thomas, 1900-1966","Ritter, H.H.","Hillers, J.K.","Gibbs, Edward C., 1893-1963","Gibbs, Francis T.","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","Neitzey, Wilfred Henry, 1895-1988","Wernle, Albert","Vandenberg, Arthur H., Senator, 1884-1951","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Battle, John Stewart, 1890-1972","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Tarr, Irene Haley, 1898-1988","Furness, Anna Ramsey, 1876-1964","Isham, Elizabeth Totten","Tyler, Constance Ellen, 1911-1963","Burdick, Alison Ward, 1912-2007","Lamont, Elinor Miner, 1901-1972","Sullivan, Priscilla Manning, 1911-1994","Cabot, Nancy Graves, 1889-1969","Beirne, Rosamond Randall, 1894-1969","Moore, Susan Rutledge, 1906-1987","Platt, Page Anderson, 1899-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Leary, Eliza Ferry, 1851-1935","Fisher, Amos","Herbert, Upton","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Burgess, William H., 1816-1893","Woodbridge, S. Homer (Samuel Homer), 1848","Young , James","Sully, Thomas, 1783-1872","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Fraser, Charles, 1782-1860","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Thomas, O. J. \"Buck\" (Oswald)","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","Cragg, James \"Finney\", 1898-1977","Washington, Julian H., 1894-1953","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Bailey, Olive, 1903-1980","Quander, Thomas H.","Ford, George F., 1859-1935","Kaessinger, Charles H.","Holland, William, 1887-1968","Heiberg, Anna Howell Dodge, 1877-1967","Lowther, Minnie Kendall, 1869-1947","Livingood, Lily Foster","Rouse, James B., 1896-1946","Killam, Charles W.","Rouse, William L.","Enersen, Lawrence","Permar, William Jones, 1856-1940","Lacey, Fred","Simms, Walter","Ayres, Tom","Collins, Howard","Rogers, Manuel","McCalley, Charles","Deavers, Linton, 1906-1968","Costello, Ernest","Miller, George W. (Willie)","Taylor, Roy","Morse, Frank","Clapp, Harvey, Jr.","Fredericks, Harold J.","Duvall, James Garfield (Jesse)","Barnwell, Edward","Sutliff, Shirley","Tindall, Joyce","Neitzey, Albert","Macomber, Walter","Simms, Sherman","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Embrey, Ernest","Dodson, Howard","Thomas, James","Jacobs, William","Hammond, Frank H.","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Dakin, Monta Lee","Rhodehamel, John, H.","Clark, Ellen McCallister, 1953-","Norton, Dean","Schrage-Norton, Susanne","Thompson, Mary V., 1955-","Gorham, Anne Huber","Miller, Johnnie J.","Bermingham, Philip","Harbour, John E.","Compton, Grant","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Payne, John Lee, Sr., 1943-2007","Embrey, Ernest \"Lee\", Jr.","Talbot, Robert \"Abie\"","Dawson, Kenneth","Keeler, Sue","Kennedy, Flora","St. Mars, Hope","Tancil, Gladys","Meadows, Christine, 1932-2013","Tisara, Nina","Sarbanes, Paul","Lee, Jane Carew, 1931-2019","Stanton, Robert George, 1940-","Connolly, Harry, 1952-","Funderburk, Charles F.","Todd, Scotty","Staten, Henry","Carter, Theodore M.","Miller, Rebecca","Eves, Ethel","McDermott, Charlie","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hayes, Lucy Webb, 1831-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Gould, Jay, 1836-1892","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Morton, Levi P.  (Levi Parsons), 1824-1920","McKinley, William, 1834-1901","Heinrich, Prince of Prussia, 1862-1929","Edison, Thomas A. (Thomas Alva), 1847-1931","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire, 1852-1931","Viviani, René, 1863-1925","Balfour, Arthur James, 1848-1930","Foster, George E., Sir (George Eulas), 1847-1931","Lansing, Robert, 1864-1928","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Moncheur, Ludovic, Baron, 1857-1940","Vesnić, Milenko, 1863-1921","Reading, Rufus Daniel Isaacs, Marquess of, 1860-1935","Lang, Cosmo Gordon, 1864-1945","Tokugawa, Iesato, 1863-1940","Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1875-1934","Marshall, Thomas R. (Thomas Riley), 1854-1925","Léopold III, King of the Belgians, 1901-1983","Elisabeth, Queen, consort of Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1876-1965","Foster, Victorine Du Pont, 1849-1934","Townsend, Amy Cornell","Marshall, Lois Irene Kimsey, 1873-1958","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Windsor, Edward, Duke of, 1894-1972","Phillips, William, 1878-1968","Gouraud, Henri, 1867-1946","Calles, Plutarco Elías, 1877-1945","Wright, J. Butler  (Joshua Butler), 1877-1939","George, David Lloyd, 1863-1945","Marie, Queen, consort of Ferdinand I, King of Romania, 1875-1938","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Whitehill, Clarence, 1871-1932","Curtis, Charles, 1860-1936","Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964","Hoover, Lou Henry, 1874-1944","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Thayer, Pauline Revere, 1862-1934","Hart, Laurance H.","Roosevelt, Franklin D.  (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Damtew, Desta, Ras, 1892-1937","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952","Peery, Nancy Gillespie, 1882-1963","Page, Roswell, 1858-1939","Call, Norman, 1880-1959","Smoot, William Albert, 2nd, 1878-1941","Watson, Edwin M.  (Edwin Martin), 1883-1945","Bastedo, Paul, 1887-1951","Buchan, John, 1875-1940","Stirl, George S.","George VI, King of Great Britain, 1895-1952","Elizabeth, Queen, consort of George VI, King of Great Britain, 1900-2002","Lamb, William Harrison","Marler, Howard B.","Towner, Harriet C. (Harriet Cole), 1869-1942","Qualters, Thomas","Bloom, Sol, 1870-1949","Lindsay, Ronald C., 1877-1945","Lindsay, Elizabeth Sherman Hoyt, 1885-1954","Somoza, Anastasio, 1896-1956","Somoza, Salvadora Debayle, 1895-1987","Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, 1909-2004","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Prado y Ugarteche, Manuel, 1889-1967 ","Petar II Karađorđević, King of Yugoslavia, 1923-1970","Darden, Colgate W. (Colgate Whitehead), 1897-1981","Wallington, Jimmy","Moncure, Henry T.","Chiang, May-ling Soong, 1897-2003","Brown, Wilson, 1882-1957","Peñaranda Castillo, Enrique, 1892-1969","Beneš, Edvard, 1884-1948","Billups, Mary Govan, 1874-1971","Failing, Mary Forbush, 1862-1947","Denham, Mary Simkins, 1868-1950","Loughborough, Louise Wright, 1881-1962","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Carpenter, Harriet Isham, 1869-1948","Morínigo, Higinio, 1897-1983","Mikołajczyk, Stanisław, 1901-1966","Gaulle, Charles de, 1890-1970","Hoppenot, Henri","Sveinn Björnsson, 1881-1952","Thor Thors, 1903-1965","Grau San Martín, Ramón, 1887-1969","ʻAbd al-Ilāh, Prince, 1913-1958","Ríos Morales, Juan Antonio, 1888-1946","Stelle, John H., 1891-1962","Cassell, C. Abayomi (Christian Abayomi)","Bevin, Ernest, 1881-1951","Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, 1902-1969","Alexander of Tunis, Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, Earl, 1891-1969","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Patterson, Robert Porter, 1891-1952","Alemán, Miguel, 1905-1983","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Clark, Tom C. (Tom Campbell), 1899-1977","Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","Thurmond, Jean Crouch, 1926-1960","Dutra, Eurico Gaspar, 1883-1974","Nehru, Kamala, 1899-1936","Nehru, Jawaharlal, 1889-1964","Gandhi, Indira, 1917-1984","Franks, Oliver, Baron, 1905-1992","Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Philip, Prince, consort of Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1921-2021","Simmons, John F. (John Farr), 1892-1968","Akihito, Emperor Emeritus of Japan, 1933-","Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1901-1964","Frederika, Queen, consort of Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1917-1981","Rhee, Syngman, 1875-1965","Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 1892-1975","Tubman, William V. S., 1895-1971","Warren, Romayne Latta, 1877-1968","Magloire, Paul Eugène, 1907-2001","Scelba, Mario, 1901-","Martino, Gaetano, 1900-1967","Phibūnsongkhrām, Plǣk, 1897-1964","Nu, U, 1907-1995","Albert II, King of the Belgians, 1934-","Conger, Clement E.","Cunha, Paulo, 1908-1986","Robertson, Albert James, 1893-1978","Broyhill, Joel T.  (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","Buxton, Clarence Edward, 1888-1978","Soekarno, 1901-1970","Cumming, Hugh S. (Hugh Smith), Jr., 1900-1986","Kishi, Nobusuke, 1896-1987","Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry, 1926-2020","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Cooke, Elizabeth Throckmorton, 1897-1993","Carter, Rosalynn","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Hussein, King of Jordan, 1935-1999","Bush, Laura Welch, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946- ","Slaughter, Philip, Reverend, 1808-1890","Sharples, James, 1752-1811","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Crosby, Ellen Lovell, 1853-1942","Crosby, Virginia Van Stone, 1888-1964","Merritt, J. D.","Mott, Agnes Peter, 1880-1957","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Bush, Margaret Gage","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Rockwood, George Gardner, 1832-1911","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917","McHenry, Mary","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Bufford, John Henry, 1810-1870","Nichols, David","Wright, Joseph, 1756-1793","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Lee, Mary Randolph Custis, 1808-1873","Ferris, Stephen James, 1835-1915","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Wollaston, John, 1710-1775?","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Leutze, Emanuel, 1816-1868","Worth, E. M. (Edwin M.), Professor, 1838-1917","Brewerton, George Douglas, 1820-1901","Whitehurst, Jesse Harrison, 1819-1875","Ingersoll, T. W. (Truman Ward), 1862-1922","Gibbs, J. (Joseph) Norman, 1855-1933","Lewis, Annie Burr Auchincloss, 1902-1959","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Sarony, Napoleon, 1821-1896","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Rinehart, A. E.  (Alfred Edward), 1851-1915","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Miley, Michael, 1841-1918","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Platz, Max","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Thomas, Samuel A.","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Naramore, D. H. (Daniel H.)","Baulch, William","Loyd, William","Langenheim, Frederick, 1809-1879","Langenheim, William, 1807-1874","England, William, 1830-1896","Waldsmith, Robert, 1913-1993","Stacy, George, 1831-1897","White, Hawley C.","Singley,  B. L.  (Benjamin Lloyd)","Kelley, E. W., active 1868-1908","Cremer, James, 1821-1893","Bell, William, 1830-1910","Wasson, C. L. (Charles L.)","Newell, Robert, 1822-1897","Brown, Henry Kirke, 1814-1886","Tuttle, H. C.","Kilburn, B. W.  (Benjamin West), 1827-1909","Weil, P. F. (Peter F.)","Chase, W. M.  (William M.), approximately 1818-1901","Butler, Lucretia Wolcott Dodge, 1876-1914","Greenough, Horatio, 1805-1852","O'Donovan, William Rudolph, 1844-1920","Votaw, Albert H.  (Albert Hiatt), 1850-1931","Walker, Lewis E.  (Lewis Emory), 1822-1880","DeSouza, E.","Miller, Arthur C.","Ulman, Nathalia","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Thurston, John H.","Thompson, E. B. (Ezra Bowen), 1865-1951","Pyle, Howard, 1853-1911","Van Altena, Edward, 1873-1968","Heyder, Augusta A.","Wilcox, William A. (William Alonzo), 1857-"],"corpname_ssim":["Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Detroit Publishing Co.","Commercial Photo Co.","Henry's Camera Center","Brown Brothers (New York, N.Y.)","Library of Congress","Wayne Studio and Photographic Color Laboratories","United States. Forest Service","F. W. Van Zile Popular Tours","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Associates' Photography and News Service","Washington star-news (Washington, D.C.) (1852-1981)","Kadel \u0026 Herbert News Service (New York)","Wide World Photos, inc.","Hart, Schaffner \u0026 Marx","Davis, Wick, Rosengarten Company, Inc.","Sunday Group Editorial Service","Sunday Sun Magazine","Smithsonian American Art Museum","Grand Army of the Republic","Washington Photo Co. (1900s)","Judd \u0026 Detweiler","Central News Photo Service","Bain News Service","National Pictorial News","American Legion","National Photo Company","Warner Bros. Pictures (1923-1967)","Boy Scouts of America","International News Photos (New York, N.Y.)","National Broadcast Company","Rembrandt Studios, Inc.","Freemasons. Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22 (Alexandria, Va.)","Washington Times-Herald","Acme Newspictures (New York, N.Y.)","U. S. Army Signal Corps","United States Information Agency","Carl Byoir \u0026 Associates","Republic Aviation Corporation","White House (Washington, D.C.)","Frick Art Reference Library (New York)","Corcoran Gallery of Art","Allen \u0026 Horton","Wenderoth, Taylor \u0026 Brown","Boude \u0026 Miley Photographers","Bell \u0026 Bro. (Washington, D.C.)","Currier \u0026 Ives","Whitehurst Gallery (Washington, D.C.)","Seeley \u0026 Murphy","R. F. Field \u0026 Co.","American Stereoscopic Company","Langenheim, Loyd \u0026 Co.","E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony (Firm)","London Stereoscopic Company","Underwood \u0026 Underwood","H.C. White Co.","Berry, Kelley \u0026 Chadwick","American Colortype Company","Kilburn Brothers","International View Co.","Stereo-Travel Co.","R. Newell \u0026 Son","Centennial Photographic Co.","Rudolph Lesch Fine Arts, Inc.","Young People's Christian Union (Founded 1893)","Israel \u0026 Riddle. Stephen Israel","H. E. Hoyt \u0026 Co.","Beck Engraving Company","McIntosh Stereopticon Co.","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle","Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","Soule Art Company","Washington and Lee University","American Museum of Natural History (New York)","New York (State) Education Department. Division of visual instruction. ","L. Manasse, Lantern Slides (Chicago)","Pennsylvania. State Museum (Harrisburg, PA)"],"persname_ssim":["Fisher, Robert B.","Dunlop, James R.","Leet Bros.","Abbott, Harold T.","Chamberlain, Samuel V., 1895-1975","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Rowe, Abbie, 1905-1967","Meek, James W.","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Brady, Mathew B., approximately 1823-1896","Penrose, Henry K.","Louden, Orren R.","Trowbridge, Raymond W., 1886-1936","Johnson, N. G.  (Newton G.)","Parker, Edmund, 1827-1898","Bushrod, Thomas, 1825-1902","Jarvis, J. F.  (John Fillis), 1849-1931","Glocker, Charles Peyton","Glocker, Marietta Rodgers Cooper, 1845-1920","Davis, V. C.","Simms, Charles","Graham, Albert Belmont, 1868-1960","Woltz, Lewis P.","Baker, Reid S.","Laverty, H.J. ","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Sprouse, Edith Moore","Lehman, Harry","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Petitt, Arthur","Grimsley, Norman","Doughton, Page","Kennedy, George","Hatch","Webster, John Wallace","Grimsley, Norman, 1890-1976","Maxey, Mary Frances Campbell","Cragg, Esther Thomas, 1900-1966","Ritter, H.H.","Hillers, J.K.","Gibbs, Edward C., 1893-1963","Gibbs, Francis T.","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","Neitzey, Wilfred Henry, 1895-1988","Wernle, Albert","Vandenberg, Arthur H., Senator, 1884-1951","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Battle, John Stewart, 1890-1972","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Tarr, Irene Haley, 1898-1988","Furness, Anna Ramsey, 1876-1964","Isham, Elizabeth Totten","Tyler, Constance Ellen, 1911-1963","Burdick, Alison Ward, 1912-2007","Lamont, Elinor Miner, 1901-1972","Sullivan, Priscilla Manning, 1911-1994","Cabot, Nancy Graves, 1889-1969","Beirne, Rosamond Randall, 1894-1969","Moore, Susan Rutledge, 1906-1987","Platt, Page Anderson, 1899-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Leary, Eliza Ferry, 1851-1935","Fisher, Amos","Herbert, Upton","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Burgess, William H., 1816-1893","Woodbridge, S. Homer (Samuel Homer), 1848","Young , James","Sully, Thomas, 1783-1872","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Fraser, Charles, 1782-1860","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Thomas, O. J. \"Buck\" (Oswald)","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","Cragg, James \"Finney\", 1898-1977","Washington, Julian H., 1894-1953","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Bailey, Olive, 1903-1980","Quander, Thomas H.","Ford, George F., 1859-1935","Kaessinger, Charles H.","Holland, William, 1887-1968","Heiberg, Anna Howell Dodge, 1877-1967","Lowther, Minnie Kendall, 1869-1947","Livingood, Lily Foster","Rouse, James B., 1896-1946","Killam, Charles W.","Rouse, William L.","Enersen, Lawrence","Permar, William Jones, 1856-1940","Lacey, Fred","Simms, Walter","Ayres, Tom","Collins, Howard","Rogers, Manuel","McCalley, Charles","Deavers, Linton, 1906-1968","Costello, Ernest","Miller, George W. (Willie)","Taylor, Roy","Morse, Frank","Clapp, Harvey, Jr.","Fredericks, Harold J.","Duvall, James Garfield (Jesse)","Barnwell, Edward","Sutliff, Shirley","Tindall, Joyce","Neitzey, Albert","Macomber, Walter","Simms, Sherman","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Embrey, Ernest","Dodson, Howard","Thomas, James","Jacobs, William","Hammond, Frank H.","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Dakin, Monta Lee","Rhodehamel, John, H.","Clark, Ellen McCallister, 1953-","Norton, Dean","Schrage-Norton, Susanne","Thompson, Mary V., 1955-","Gorham, Anne Huber","Miller, Johnnie J.","Bermingham, Philip","Harbour, John E.","Compton, Grant","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Payne, John Lee, Sr., 1943-2007","Embrey, Ernest \"Lee\", Jr.","Talbot, Robert \"Abie\"","Dawson, Kenneth","Keeler, Sue","Kennedy, Flora","St. Mars, Hope","Tancil, Gladys","Meadows, Christine, 1932-2013","Tisara, Nina","Sarbanes, Paul","Lee, Jane Carew, 1931-2019","Stanton, Robert George, 1940-","Connolly, Harry, 1952-","Funderburk, Charles F.","Todd, Scotty","Staten, Henry","Carter, Theodore M.","Miller, Rebecca","Eves, Ethel","McDermott, Charlie","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hayes, Lucy Webb, 1831-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Gould, Jay, 1836-1892","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Morton, Levi P.  (Levi Parsons), 1824-1920","McKinley, William, 1834-1901","Heinrich, Prince of Prussia, 1862-1929","Edison, Thomas A. (Thomas Alva), 1847-1931","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire, 1852-1931","Viviani, René, 1863-1925","Balfour, Arthur James, 1848-1930","Foster, George E., Sir (George Eulas), 1847-1931","Lansing, Robert, 1864-1928","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Moncheur, Ludovic, Baron, 1857-1940","Vesnić, Milenko, 1863-1921","Reading, Rufus Daniel Isaacs, Marquess of, 1860-1935","Lang, Cosmo Gordon, 1864-1945","Tokugawa, Iesato, 1863-1940","Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1875-1934","Marshall, Thomas R. (Thomas Riley), 1854-1925","Léopold III, King of the Belgians, 1901-1983","Elisabeth, Queen, consort of Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1876-1965","Foster, Victorine Du Pont, 1849-1934","Townsend, Amy Cornell","Marshall, Lois Irene Kimsey, 1873-1958","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Windsor, Edward, Duke of, 1894-1972","Phillips, William, 1878-1968","Gouraud, Henri, 1867-1946","Calles, Plutarco Elías, 1877-1945","Wright, J. Butler  (Joshua Butler), 1877-1939","George, David Lloyd, 1863-1945","Marie, Queen, consort of Ferdinand I, King of Romania, 1875-1938","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Whitehill, Clarence, 1871-1932","Curtis, Charles, 1860-1936","Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964","Hoover, Lou Henry, 1874-1944","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Thayer, Pauline Revere, 1862-1934","Hart, Laurance H.","Roosevelt, Franklin D.  (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Damtew, Desta, Ras, 1892-1937","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952","Peery, Nancy Gillespie, 1882-1963","Page, Roswell, 1858-1939","Call, Norman, 1880-1959","Smoot, William Albert, 2nd, 1878-1941","Watson, Edwin M.  (Edwin Martin), 1883-1945","Bastedo, Paul, 1887-1951","Buchan, John, 1875-1940","Stirl, George S.","George VI, King of Great Britain, 1895-1952","Elizabeth, Queen, consort of George VI, King of Great Britain, 1900-2002","Lamb, William Harrison","Marler, Howard B.","Towner, Harriet C. (Harriet Cole), 1869-1942","Qualters, Thomas","Bloom, Sol, 1870-1949","Lindsay, Ronald C., 1877-1945","Lindsay, Elizabeth Sherman Hoyt, 1885-1954","Somoza, Anastasio, 1896-1956","Somoza, Salvadora Debayle, 1895-1987","Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, 1909-2004","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Prado y Ugarteche, Manuel, 1889-1967 ","Petar II Karađorđević, King of Yugoslavia, 1923-1970","Darden, Colgate W. (Colgate Whitehead), 1897-1981","Wallington, Jimmy","Moncure, Henry T.","Chiang, May-ling Soong, 1897-2003","Brown, Wilson, 1882-1957","Peñaranda Castillo, Enrique, 1892-1969","Beneš, Edvard, 1884-1948","Billups, Mary Govan, 1874-1971","Failing, Mary Forbush, 1862-1947","Denham, Mary Simkins, 1868-1950","Loughborough, Louise Wright, 1881-1962","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Carpenter, Harriet Isham, 1869-1948","Morínigo, Higinio, 1897-1983","Mikołajczyk, Stanisław, 1901-1966","Gaulle, Charles de, 1890-1970","Hoppenot, Henri","Sveinn Björnsson, 1881-1952","Thor Thors, 1903-1965","Grau San Martín, Ramón, 1887-1969","ʻAbd al-Ilāh, Prince, 1913-1958","Ríos Morales, Juan Antonio, 1888-1946","Stelle, John H., 1891-1962","Cassell, C. Abayomi (Christian Abayomi)","Bevin, Ernest, 1881-1951","Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, 1902-1969","Alexander of Tunis, Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, Earl, 1891-1969","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Patterson, Robert Porter, 1891-1952","Alemán, Miguel, 1905-1983","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Clark, Tom C. (Tom Campbell), 1899-1977","Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","Thurmond, Jean Crouch, 1926-1960","Dutra, Eurico Gaspar, 1883-1974","Nehru, Kamala, 1899-1936","Nehru, Jawaharlal, 1889-1964","Gandhi, Indira, 1917-1984","Franks, Oliver, Baron, 1905-1992","Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Philip, Prince, consort of Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1921-2021","Simmons, John F. (John Farr), 1892-1968","Akihito, Emperor Emeritus of Japan, 1933-","Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1901-1964","Frederika, Queen, consort of Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1917-1981","Rhee, Syngman, 1875-1965","Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 1892-1975","Tubman, William V. S., 1895-1971","Warren, Romayne Latta, 1877-1968","Magloire, Paul Eugène, 1907-2001","Scelba, Mario, 1901-","Martino, Gaetano, 1900-1967","Phibūnsongkhrām, Plǣk, 1897-1964","Nu, U, 1907-1995","Albert II, King of the Belgians, 1934-","Conger, Clement E.","Cunha, Paulo, 1908-1986","Robertson, Albert James, 1893-1978","Broyhill, Joel T.  (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","Buxton, Clarence Edward, 1888-1978","Soekarno, 1901-1970","Cumming, Hugh S. (Hugh Smith), Jr., 1900-1986","Kishi, Nobusuke, 1896-1987","Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry, 1926-2020","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Cooke, Elizabeth Throckmorton, 1897-1993","Carter, Rosalynn","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Hussein, King of Jordan, 1935-1999","Bush, Laura Welch, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946- ","Slaughter, Philip, Reverend, 1808-1890","Sharples, James, 1752-1811","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Crosby, Ellen Lovell, 1853-1942","Crosby, Virginia Van Stone, 1888-1964","Merritt, J. D.","Mott, Agnes Peter, 1880-1957","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Bush, Margaret Gage","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Rockwood, George Gardner, 1832-1911","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917","McHenry, Mary","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Bufford, John Henry, 1810-1870","Nichols, David","Wright, Joseph, 1756-1793","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Lee, Mary Randolph Custis, 1808-1873","Ferris, Stephen James, 1835-1915","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Wollaston, John, 1710-1775?","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Leutze, Emanuel, 1816-1868","Worth, E. M. (Edwin M.), Professor, 1838-1917","Brewerton, George Douglas, 1820-1901","Whitehurst, Jesse Harrison, 1819-1875","Ingersoll, T. W. (Truman Ward), 1862-1922","Gibbs, J. (Joseph) Norman, 1855-1933","Lewis, Annie Burr Auchincloss, 1902-1959","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Sarony, Napoleon, 1821-1896","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Rinehart, A. E.  (Alfred Edward), 1851-1915","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Miley, Michael, 1841-1918","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Platz, Max","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Thomas, Samuel A.","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Naramore, D. H. (Daniel H.)","Baulch, William","Loyd, William","Langenheim, Frederick, 1809-1879","Langenheim, William, 1807-1874","England, William, 1830-1896","Waldsmith, Robert, 1913-1993","Stacy, George, 1831-1897","White, Hawley C.","Singley,  B. L.  (Benjamin Lloyd)","Kelley, E. W., active 1868-1908","Cremer, James, 1821-1893","Bell, William, 1830-1910","Wasson, C. L. (Charles L.)","Newell, Robert, 1822-1897","Brown, Henry Kirke, 1814-1886","Tuttle, H. C.","Kilburn, B. W.  (Benjamin West), 1827-1909","Weil, P. F. (Peter F.)","Chase, W. M.  (William M.), approximately 1818-1901","Butler, Lucretia Wolcott Dodge, 1876-1914","Greenough, Horatio, 1805-1852","O'Donovan, William Rudolph, 1844-1920","Votaw, Albert H.  (Albert Hiatt), 1850-1931","Walker, Lewis E.  (Lewis Emory), 1822-1880","DeSouza, E.","Miller, Arthur C.","Ulman, Nathalia","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Thurston, John H.","Thompson, E. B. (Ezra Bowen), 1865-1951","Pyle, Howard, 1853-1911","Van Altena, Edward, 1873-1968","Heyder, Augusta A.","Wilcox, William A. (William Alonzo), 1857-"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3769,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:43:08.918Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_4_resources_49.xml","title_ssm":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"title_tesim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1850-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49"],"text":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49","Historical Photograph Collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size.","Items in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources.","The Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate.","Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Detroit Publishing Co.","Commercial Photo Co.","Henry's Camera Center","Brown Brothers (New York, N.Y.)","Library of Congress","Wayne Studio and Photographic Color Laboratories","United States. Forest Service","F. W. Van Zile Popular Tours","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Associates' Photography and News Service","Washington star-news (Washington, D.C.) (1852-1981)","Kadel \u0026 Herbert News Service (New York)","Wide World Photos, inc.","Hart, Schaffner \u0026 Marx","Davis, Wick, Rosengarten Company, Inc.","Sunday Group Editorial Service","Sunday Sun Magazine","Smithsonian American Art Museum","Grand Army of the Republic","Washington Photo Co. (1900s)","Judd \u0026 Detweiler","Central News Photo Service","Bain News Service","National Pictorial News","American Legion","National Photo Company","Warner Bros. Pictures (1923-1967)","Boy Scouts of America","International News Photos (New York, N.Y.)","National Broadcast Company","Rembrandt Studios, Inc.","Freemasons. Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22 (Alexandria, Va.)","Washington Times-Herald","Acme Newspictures (New York, N.Y.)","U. S. Army Signal Corps","United States Information Agency","Carl Byoir \u0026 Associates","Republic Aviation Corporation","White House (Washington, D.C.)","Frick Art Reference Library (New York)","Corcoran Gallery of Art","Allen \u0026 Horton","Wenderoth, Taylor \u0026 Brown","Boude \u0026 Miley Photographers","Bell \u0026 Bro. (Washington, D.C.)","Currier \u0026 Ives","Whitehurst Gallery (Washington, D.C.)","Seeley \u0026 Murphy","R. F. Field \u0026 Co.","American Stereoscopic Company","Langenheim, Loyd \u0026 Co.","E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony (Firm)","London Stereoscopic Company","Underwood \u0026 Underwood","H.C. White Co.","Berry, Kelley \u0026 Chadwick","American Colortype Company","Kilburn Brothers","International View Co.","Stereo-Travel Co.","R. Newell \u0026 Son","Centennial Photographic Co.","Rudolph Lesch Fine Arts, Inc.","Young People's Christian Union (Founded 1893)","Israel \u0026 Riddle. Stephen Israel","H. E. Hoyt \u0026 Co.","Beck Engraving Company","McIntosh Stereopticon Co.","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle","Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","Soule Art Company","Washington and Lee University","American Museum of Natural History (New York)","New York (State) Education Department. Division of visual instruction. ","L. Manasse, Lantern Slides (Chicago)","Pennsylvania. State Museum (Harrisburg, PA)","Fisher, Robert B.","Dunlop, James R.","Leet Bros.","Abbott, Harold T.","Chamberlain, Samuel V., 1895-1975","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Rowe, Abbie, 1905-1967","Meek, James W.","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Brady, Mathew B., approximately 1823-1896","Penrose, Henry K.","Louden, Orren R.","Trowbridge, Raymond W., 1886-1936","Johnson, N. G.  (Newton G.)","Parker, Edmund, 1827-1898","Bushrod, Thomas, 1825-1902","Jarvis, J. F.  (John Fillis), 1849-1931","Glocker, Charles Peyton","Glocker, Marietta Rodgers Cooper, 1845-1920","Davis, V. C.","Simms, Charles","Graham, Albert Belmont, 1868-1960","Woltz, Lewis P.","Baker, Reid S.","Laverty, H.J. ","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Bailey, Worth, 1908-1980","Sprouse, Edith Moore","Lehman, Harry","Williams, Morley Jeffers, 1886-1977","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Petitt, Arthur","Grimsley, Norman","Doughton, Page","Kennedy, George","Hatch","Webster, John Wallace","Grimsley, Norman, 1890-1976","Maxey, Mary Frances Campbell","Cragg, Esther Thomas, 1900-1966","Ritter, H.H.","Hillers, J.K.","Gibbs, Edward C., 1893-1963","Gibbs, Francis T.","Loeb, Morris, 1878-1969","Neitzey, Wilfred Henry, 1895-1988","Wernle, Albert","Vandenberg, Arthur H., Senator, 1884-1951","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Battle, John Stewart, 1890-1972","Harkness, Hope Hodgman Powel, 1889-1974","Tarr, Irene Haley, 1898-1988","Furness, Anna Ramsey, 1876-1964","Isham, Elizabeth Totten","Tyler, Constance Ellen, 1911-1963","Burdick, Alison Ward, 1912-2007","Lamont, Elinor Miner, 1901-1972","Sullivan, Priscilla Manning, 1911-1994","Cabot, Nancy Graves, 1889-1969","Beirne, Rosamond Randall, 1894-1969","Moore, Susan Rutledge, 1906-1987","Platt, Page Anderson, 1899-1984","Bolton, Frances Payne Bingham, 1885-1977","Leary, Eliza Ferry, 1851-1935","Fisher, Amos","Herbert, Upton","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Blake, Levi Lowell, 1830-1904","Burgess, William H., 1816-1893","Woodbridge, S. Homer (Samuel Homer), 1848","Young , James","Sully, Thomas, 1783-1872","Petigru, James Louis, 1789-1863","Fraser, Charles, 1782-1860","Yancey, William Lowndes, 1814-1863","Thomas, O. J. \"Buck\" (Oswald)","Rouse, Harrison Dodge","Cragg, James \"Finney\", 1898-1977","Washington, Julian H., 1894-1953","Craig, James Y., 1839-1926","Bailey, Olive, 1903-1980","Quander, Thomas H.","Ford, George F., 1859-1935","Kaessinger, Charles H.","Holland, William, 1887-1968","Heiberg, Anna Howell Dodge, 1877-1967","Lowther, Minnie Kendall, 1869-1947","Livingood, Lily Foster","Rouse, James B., 1896-1946","Killam, Charles W.","Rouse, William L.","Enersen, Lawrence","Permar, William Jones, 1856-1940","Lacey, Fred","Simms, Walter","Ayres, Tom","Collins, Howard","Rogers, Manuel","McCalley, Charles","Deavers, Linton, 1906-1968","Costello, Ernest","Miller, George W. (Willie)","Taylor, Roy","Morse, Frank","Clapp, Harvey, Jr.","Fredericks, Harold J.","Duvall, James Garfield (Jesse)","Barnwell, Edward","Sutliff, Shirley","Tindall, Joyce","Neitzey, Albert","Macomber, Walter","Simms, Sherman","Thane, Elswyth, 1900-1984","Embrey, Ernest","Dodson, Howard","Thomas, James","Jacobs, William","Hammond, Frank H.","Castellani, John A., 1944-1993","Dakin, Monta Lee","Rhodehamel, John, H.","Clark, Ellen McCallister, 1953-","Norton, Dean","Schrage-Norton, Susanne","Thompson, Mary V., 1955-","Gorham, Anne Huber","Miller, Johnnie J.","Bermingham, Philip","Harbour, John E.","Compton, Grant","Horstman, Neil W., 1946-2020","Payne, John Lee, Sr., 1943-2007","Embrey, Ernest \"Lee\", Jr.","Talbot, Robert \"Abie\"","Dawson, Kenneth","Keeler, Sue","Kennedy, Flora","St. Mars, Hope","Tancil, Gladys","Meadows, Christine, 1932-2013","Tisara, Nina","Sarbanes, Paul","Lee, Jane Carew, 1931-2019","Stanton, Robert George, 1940-","Connolly, Harry, 1952-","Funderburk, Charles F.","Todd, Scotty","Staten, Henry","Carter, Theodore M.","Miller, Rebecca","Eves, Ethel","McDermott, Charlie","Hayes, Rutherford B., 1822-1893","Hayes, Lucy Webb, 1831-1889","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","Gould, Jay, 1836-1892","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Morton, Levi P.  (Levi Parsons), 1824-1920","McKinley, William, 1834-1901","Heinrich, Prince of Prussia, 1862-1929","Edison, Thomas A. (Thomas Alva), 1847-1931","Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Joffre, Joseph Jacques Césaire, 1852-1931","Viviani, René, 1863-1925","Balfour, Arthur James, 1848-1930","Foster, George E., Sir (George Eulas), 1847-1931","Lansing, Robert, 1864-1928","Riggs, Jane Agnes, 1854-1930","Moncheur, Ludovic, Baron, 1857-1940","Vesnić, Milenko, 1863-1921","Reading, Rufus Daniel Isaacs, Marquess of, 1860-1935","Lang, Cosmo Gordon, 1864-1945","Tokugawa, Iesato, 1863-1940","Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1875-1934","Marshall, Thomas R. (Thomas Riley), 1854-1925","Léopold III, King of the Belgians, 1901-1983","Elisabeth, Queen, consort of Albert I, King of the Belgians, 1876-1965","Foster, Victorine Du Pont, 1849-1934","Townsend, Amy Cornell","Marshall, Lois Irene Kimsey, 1873-1958","Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937","Windsor, Edward, Duke of, 1894-1972","Phillips, William, 1878-1968","Gouraud, Henri, 1867-1946","Calles, Plutarco Elías, 1877-1945","Wright, J. Butler  (Joshua Butler), 1877-1939","George, David Lloyd, 1863-1945","Marie, Queen, consort of Ferdinand I, King of Romania, 1875-1938","Howard, Eleanor Washington, 1856-1937","Whitehill, Clarence, 1871-1932","Curtis, Charles, 1860-1936","Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964","Hoover, Lou Henry, 1874-1944","Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962","Thayer, Pauline Revere, 1862-1934","Hart, Laurance H.","Roosevelt, Franklin D.  (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945","Damtew, Desta, Ras, 1892-1937","Richards, Alice Haliburton King, 1860-1936","Peery, George Campbell, 1873-1952","Peery, Nancy Gillespie, 1882-1963","Page, Roswell, 1858-1939","Call, Norman, 1880-1959","Smoot, William Albert, 2nd, 1878-1941","Watson, Edwin M.  (Edwin Martin), 1883-1945","Bastedo, Paul, 1887-1951","Buchan, John, 1875-1940","Stirl, George S.","George VI, King of Great Britain, 1895-1952","Elizabeth, Queen, consort of George VI, King of Great Britain, 1900-2002","Lamb, William Harrison","Marler, Howard B.","Towner, Harriet C. (Harriet Cole), 1869-1942","Qualters, Thomas","Bloom, Sol, 1870-1949","Lindsay, Ronald C., 1877-1945","Lindsay, Elizabeth Sherman Hoyt, 1885-1954","Somoza, Anastasio, 1896-1956","Somoza, Salvadora Debayle, 1895-1987","Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, 1909-2004","Churchill, Winston, 1874-1965","Prado y Ugarteche, Manuel, 1889-1967 ","Petar II Karađorđević, King of Yugoslavia, 1923-1970","Darden, Colgate W. (Colgate Whitehead), 1897-1981","Wallington, Jimmy","Moncure, Henry T.","Chiang, May-ling Soong, 1897-2003","Brown, Wilson, 1882-1957","Peñaranda Castillo, Enrique, 1892-1969","Beneš, Edvard, 1884-1948","Billups, Mary Govan, 1874-1971","Failing, Mary Forbush, 1862-1947","Denham, Mary Simkins, 1868-1950","Loughborough, Louise Wright, 1881-1962","Hanks, Mary Esther Vilas, 1873-1959","Carpenter, Harriet Isham, 1869-1948","Morínigo, Higinio, 1897-1983","Mikołajczyk, Stanisław, 1901-1966","Gaulle, Charles de, 1890-1970","Hoppenot, Henri","Sveinn Björnsson, 1881-1952","Thor Thors, 1903-1965","Grau San Martín, Ramón, 1887-1969","ʻAbd al-Ilāh, Prince, 1913-1958","Ríos Morales, Juan Antonio, 1888-1946","Stelle, John H., 1891-1962","Cassell, C. Abayomi (Christian Abayomi)","Bevin, Ernest, 1881-1951","Saud, King of Saudi Arabia, 1902-1969","Alexander of Tunis, Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, Earl, 1891-1969","Truman, Harry S., 1884-1972","Patterson, Robert Porter, 1891-1952","Alemán, Miguel, 1905-1983","Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959","Clark, Tom C. (Tom Campbell), 1899-1977","Thurmond, Strom, 1902-2003","Thurmond, Jean Crouch, 1926-1960","Dutra, Eurico Gaspar, 1883-1974","Nehru, Kamala, 1899-1936","Nehru, Jawaharlal, 1889-1964","Gandhi, Indira, 1917-1984","Franks, Oliver, Baron, 1905-1992","Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1926-","Philip, Prince, consort of Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain, 1921-2021","Simmons, John F. (John Farr), 1892-1968","Akihito, Emperor Emeritus of Japan, 1933-","Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1901-1964","Frederika, Queen, consort of Paul I, King of the Hellenes, 1917-1981","Rhee, Syngman, 1875-1965","Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 1892-1975","Tubman, William V. S., 1895-1971","Warren, Romayne Latta, 1877-1968","Magloire, Paul Eugène, 1907-2001","Scelba, Mario, 1901-","Martino, Gaetano, 1900-1967","Phibūnsongkhrām, Plǣk, 1897-1964","Nu, U, 1907-1995","Albert II, King of the Belgians, 1934-","Conger, Clement E.","Cunha, Paulo, 1908-1986","Robertson, Albert James, 1893-1978","Broyhill, Joel T.  (Joel Thomas), 1919-2006","Buxton, Clarence Edward, 1888-1978","Soekarno, 1901-1970","Cumming, Hugh S. (Hugh Smith), Jr., 1900-1986","Kishi, Nobusuke, 1896-1987","Giscard d'Estaing, Valéry, 1926-2020","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","Cooke, Elizabeth Throckmorton, 1897-1993","Carter, Rosalynn","Bush, George, 1924-2018","Hussein, King of Jordan, 1935-1999","Bush, Laura Welch, 1946-","Bush, George W. (George Walker), 1946- ","Slaughter, Philip, Reverend, 1808-1890","Sharples, James, 1752-1811","Houdon, Jean-Antoine, 1741-1828","Mills, Clark, 1810-1883","Crosby, Ellen Lovell, 1853-1942","Crosby, Virginia Van Stone, 1888-1964","Merritt, J. D.","Mott, Agnes Peter, 1880-1957","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Bush, Margaret Gage","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Rockwood, George Gardner, 1832-1911","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917","McHenry, Mary","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Bufford, John Henry, 1810-1870","Nichols, David","Wright, Joseph, 1756-1793","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Lee, Mary Randolph Custis, 1808-1873","Ferris, Stephen James, 1835-1915","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Wollaston, John, 1710-1775?","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Leutze, Emanuel, 1816-1868","Worth, E. M. (Edwin M.), Professor, 1838-1917","Brewerton, George Douglas, 1820-1901","Whitehurst, Jesse Harrison, 1819-1875","Ingersoll, T. W. (Truman Ward), 1862-1922","Gibbs, J. (Joseph) Norman, 1855-1933","Lewis, Annie Burr Auchincloss, 1902-1959","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Sarony, Napoleon, 1821-1896","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Rinehart, A. E.  (Alfred Edward), 1851-1915","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Miley, Michael, 1841-1918","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Platz, Max","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Thomas, Samuel A.","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Naramore, D. H. (Daniel H.)","Baulch, William","Loyd, William","Langenheim, Frederick, 1809-1879","Langenheim, William, 1807-1874","England, William, 1830-1896","Waldsmith, Robert, 1913-1993","Stacy, George, 1831-1897","White, Hawley C.","Singley,  B. L.  (Benjamin Lloyd)","Kelley, E. W., active 1868-1908","Cremer, James, 1821-1893","Bell, William, 1830-1910","Wasson, C. L. (Charles L.)","Newell, Robert, 1822-1897","Brown, Henry Kirke, 1814-1886","Tuttle, H. C.","Kilburn, B. W.  (Benjamin West), 1827-1909","Weil, P. F. (Peter F.)","Chase, W. M.  (William M.), approximately 1818-1901","Butler, Lucretia Wolcott Dodge, 1876-1914","Greenough, Horatio, 1805-1852","O'Donovan, William Rudolph, 1844-1920","Votaw, Albert H.  (Albert Hiatt), 1850-1931","Walker, Lewis E.  (Lewis Emory), 1822-1880","DeSouza, E.","Miller, Arthur C.","Ulman, Nathalia","Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920","Thurston, John H.","Thompson, E. B. (Ezra Bowen), 1865-1951","Pyle, Howard, 1853-1911","Van Altena, Edward, 1873-1968","Heyder, Augusta A.","Wilcox, William A. (William Alonzo), 1857-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["HPC","/repositories/4/resources/49"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Photograph Collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"creators_ssim":["Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["89 Linear Feet Variety of container sizes based on photograph sizes and material types. Over-sized items are housed in drawers."],"extent_tesim":["89 Linear Feet Variety of container sizes based on photograph sizes and material types. Over-sized items are housed in drawers."],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Historical Photograph Collection is an artifical collection organized in functional order. Items are first arranged by subject and then subsequently by media format and size."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were either created by or under contract by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association or acquired by gift and purchase from various sources. Materials are added to the collection as they are acquired. For additional information please contact the Manager of Visual Resources."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Historical Photograph Collection, [Folder], Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, The George Washington Presidential Library [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Historical Photograph Collection, [Folder], Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, The George Washington Presidential Library [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Historical Photograph Collection is largely comprised of materials created by or for the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Some of the earliest photographs of the estate were created and sold to visitors by the Association as a means of income. Those efforts helped to establish an important collection of 19th century views. The collection spans the 1850s to 2000s and includes over 140 linear feet of analog material providing a visual history of the Mansion, outbuildings, tombs, grounds, events, visitors, collection objects, personnel, and changes throughout the estate."],"names_ssim":["Photo Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Mount Vernon Ladies' Association of the Union","Detroit Publishing Co.","Commercial Photo Co.","Henry's Camera Center","Brown Brothers (New York, N.Y.)","Library of Congress","Wayne Studio and Photographic Color Laboratories","United States. Forest Service","F. W. Van Zile Popular Tours","United States. Federal Highway Administration","Associates' Photography and News Service","Washington star-news (Washington, D.C.) (1852-1981)","Kadel \u0026 Herbert News Service (New York)","Wide World Photos, inc.","Hart, Schaffner \u0026 Marx","Davis, Wick, Rosengarten Company, Inc.","Sunday Group Editorial Service","Sunday Sun Magazine","Smithsonian American Art Museum","Grand Army of the Republic","Washington Photo Co. (1900s)","Judd \u0026 Detweiler","Central News Photo Service","Bain News Service","National Pictorial News","American Legion","National Photo Company","Warner Bros. Pictures (1923-1967)","Boy Scouts of America","International News Photos (New York, N.Y.)","National Broadcast Company","Rembrandt Studios, Inc.","Freemasons. Alexandria-Washington Lodge, No. 22 (Alexandria, Va.)","Washington Times-Herald","Acme Newspictures (New York, N.Y.)","U. S. Army Signal Corps","United States Information Agency","Carl Byoir \u0026 Associates","Republic Aviation Corporation","White House (Washington, D.C.)","Frick Art Reference Library (New York)","Corcoran Gallery of Art","Allen \u0026 Horton","Wenderoth, Taylor \u0026 Brown","Boude \u0026 Miley Photographers","Bell \u0026 Bro. (Washington, D.C.)","Currier \u0026 Ives","Whitehurst Gallery (Washington, D.C.)","Seeley \u0026 Murphy","R. F. Field \u0026 Co.","American Stereoscopic Company","Langenheim, Loyd \u0026 Co.","E. \u0026 H.T. Anthony (Firm)","London Stereoscopic Company","Underwood \u0026 Underwood","H.C. White Co.","Berry, Kelley \u0026 Chadwick","American Colortype Company","Kilburn Brothers","International View Co.","Stereo-Travel Co.","R. Newell \u0026 Son","Centennial Photographic Co.","Rudolph Lesch Fine Arts, Inc.","Young People's Christian Union (Founded 1893)","Israel \u0026 Riddle. Stephen Israel","H. E. Hoyt \u0026 Co.","Beck Engraving Company","McIntosh Stereopticon Co.","Williams, Brown \u0026 Earle","Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences","A. D. Handy, Stereopticons and Supplies (Boston, Ma)","Soule Art Company","Washington and Lee University","American Museum of Natural History (New York)","New York (State) Education Department. Division of visual instruction. ","L. Manasse, Lantern Slides (Chicago)","Pennsylvania. State Museum (Harrisburg, PA)","Fisher, Robert B.","Dunlop, James R.","Leet Bros.","Abbott, Harold T.","Chamberlain, Samuel V., 1895-1975","Johnston, Frances Benjamin, 1864-1952","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882","Wall, Charles Cecil, 1903-1995","Rowe, Abbie, 1905-1967","Meek, James W.","Harris \u0026 Ewing","Brady, Mathew B., approximately 1823-1896","Penrose, Henry K.","Louden, Orren R.","Trowbridge, Raymond W., 1886-1936","Johnson, N. G.  (Newton G.)","Parker, Edmund, 1827-1898","Bushrod, Thomas, 1825-1902","Jarvis, J. F.  (John Fillis), 1849-1931","Glocker, Charles Peyton","Glocker, Marietta Rodgers Cooper, 1845-1920","Davis, V. C.","Simms, Charles","Graham, Albert Belmont, 1868-1960","Woltz, Lewis P.","Baker, Reid S.","Laverty, H.J. 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D.","Mott, Agnes Peter, 1880-1957","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Kennon, Britannia Wellington Peter, 1815-1911","Bush, Margaret Gage","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Rockwood, George Gardner, 1832-1911","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917","McHenry, Mary","Mitchell, Jim, 1795-1870","Bufford, John Henry, 1810-1870","Nichols, David","Wright, Joseph, 1756-1793","Peale, Charles Willson, 1741-1827","Lee, Mary Randolph Custis, 1808-1873","Ferris, Stephen James, 1835-1915","Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865","Stuart, Gilbert, 1755-1828","Wollaston, John, 1710-1775?","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","Leutze, Emanuel, 1816-1868","Worth, E. M. (Edwin M.), Professor, 1838-1917","Brewerton, George Douglas, 1820-1901","Whitehurst, Jesse Harrison, 1819-1875","Ingersoll, T. W. (Truman Ward), 1862-1922","Gibbs, J. (Joseph) Norman, 1855-1933","Lewis, Annie Burr Auchincloss, 1902-1959","Broadwell, Elizabeth Lytle","Sarony, Napoleon, 1821-1896","Dickinson, Alice London, 1814-1881","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Pine, Robert Edge, 1730?-1788","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Rinehart, A. E.  (Alfred Edward), 1851-1915","Hill, Alice Hale, 1840-1908","Miley, Michael, 1841-1918","Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757-1834","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Platz, Max","Leiter, Mary Theresa, 1844-1913","Murat, Catherine Willis, 1803-1867","Thomas, Samuel A.","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","Naramore, D. H. (Daniel H.)","Baulch, William","Loyd, William","Langenheim, Frederick, 1809-1879","Langenheim, William, 1807-1874","England, William, 1830-1896","Waldsmith, Robert, 1913-1993","Stacy, George, 1831-1897","White, Hawley C.","Singley,  B. L.  (Benjamin Lloyd)","Kelley, E. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3769,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:43:08.918Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_4_resources_49"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mason, John W., 1842-1917","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5534.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198742","title_ssm":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"title_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1928"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1928"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534"],"text":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534","John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers","Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Academies","Banks and banking","Coal industry.","Coal mines and mining","Elections","Schools","Spanish-American War, 1898","Virginia - Debt Commission.","Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy.","No special access restriction applies.","John W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring.","37, 1888, 3820","Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.","Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.","Correspondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.","For item level description, see control folder.","Series include:","Series 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.  This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.","Series 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.  This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.","Series 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.  This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.","Series 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.  This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915).","Issue of  West Virginia Citizen  separated to A\u0026M 3890.","\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service","Mason, John W., 1842-1917","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Farnsworth, D.D.T.","Goff, Nathan, 1843-1920","Hagans, John Marshall, 1838-1900","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Hatfield, Henry Drury, 1875-1962","Jacob, J.J.","Mason, James M.","McGrew, J.C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Stevenson, W. E. (William Erskine), 1820-1883","Sturgiss, George C.","White, A.B.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creator_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creators_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"places_ssim":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. 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(29 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 index card box, 11 in.); (1 oversize folder, 2 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1888, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers, A\u0026M 1888, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e37, 1888, 3820\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["37, 1888, 3820"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor item level description, see control folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.","Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.","Correspondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.","For item level description, see control folder.","Series include:","Series 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.  This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.","Series 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.  This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.","Series 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.  This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.","Series 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.  This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIssue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Citizen\u003c/title\u003e separated to A\u0026amp;M 3890.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Issue of  West Virginia Citizen  separated to A\u0026M 3890.","\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8db32873086aeeb8159fe213b87acab3\"\u003eCorrespondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8bea25f8b84ece57c7433134969d499e\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Farnsworth, D.D.T.","Goff, Nathan, 1843-1920","Hagans, John Marshall, 1838-1900","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Hatfield, Henry Drury, 1875-1962","Jacob, J.J.","Mason, James M.","Mason, John W., 1842-1917","McGrew, J.C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Stevenson, W. E. (William Erskine), 1820-1883","Sturgiss, George C.","White, A.B."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service","Mason, John W., 1842-1917","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Farnsworth, D.D.T.","Goff, Nathan, 1843-1920","Hagans, John Marshall, 1838-1900","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Hatfield, Henry Drury, 1875-1962","Jacob, J.J.","Mason, James M.","McGrew, J.C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Stevenson, W. E. (William Erskine), 1820-1883","Sturgiss, George C.","White, A.B."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service"],"persname_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Farnsworth, D.D.T.","Goff, Nathan, 1843-1920","Hagans, John Marshall, 1838-1900","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Hatfield, Henry Drury, 1875-1962","Jacob, J.J.","Mason, James M.","McGrew, J.C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Stevenson, W. E. (William Erskine), 1820-1883","Sturgiss, George C.","White, A.B."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:06:47.754Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5534","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5534.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198742","title_ssm":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"title_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1831-1928"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1831-1928"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534"],"text":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534","John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers","Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Academies","Banks and banking","Coal industry.","Coal mines and mining","Elections","Schools","Spanish-American War, 1898","Virginia - Debt Commission.","Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy.","No special access restriction applies.","John W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring.","37, 1888, 3820","Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.","Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.","Correspondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.","For item level description, see control folder.","Series include:","Series 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.  This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.","Series 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.  This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.","Series 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.  This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.","Series 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.  This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915).","Issue of  West Virginia Citizen  separated to A\u0026M 3890.","\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service","Mason, John W., 1842-1917","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  (Stephen Benton), 1841-1911","Farnsworth, D.D.T.","Goff, Nathan, 1843-1920","Hagans, John Marshall, 1838-1900","Harrison, Benjamin, 1833-1901","Hatfield, Henry Drury, 1875-1962","Jacob, J.J.","Mason, James M.","McGrew, J.C.","McKinley, William, 1843-1901","Pierpont, Francis Harrison, 1814-1899","Scott, Nathan Bay, 1842-1924","Stevenson, W. E. (William Erskine), 1820-1883","Sturgiss, George C.","White, A.B.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1888","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5534"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"collection_ssim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creator_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"creators_ssim":["Mason, John W., 1842-1917"],"places_ssim":["Grafton.","Marion County (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academies","Banks and banking","Coal industry.","Coal mines and mining","Elections","Schools","Spanish-American War, 1898","Virginia - Debt Commission.","Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academies","Banks and banking","Coal industry.","Coal mines and mining","Elections","Schools","Spanish-American War, 1898","Virginia - Debt Commission.","Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Linear Feet Summary: 13 ft. (29 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 index card box, 11 in.); (1 oversize folder, 2 items)"],"extent_tesim":["13 Linear Feet Summary: 13 ft. (29 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 index card box, 11 in.); (1 oversize folder, 2 items)"],"date_range_isim":[1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John W. Mason (1842-1917) was a prominent lawyer and Republican party member in the northern part of West Virginia from the early 1870s until his death. He had been a soldier in the Union army and after the war attended Monongalia Academy. He read law under Judge Marshall Hagans of Morgantown and was admitted to the bar in 1867. He practiced law in Grafton from 1867 to 1889. During this time he was made Chairman of the Republican State Executive Committee and served four years until 1876. He ran for the House of Representatives in 1882 and was defeated by William L. Wilson by ten votes. He tried for Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia six years after but lost. The highlight of his life was his appointment as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service by President Benjamin Harrison. At the end of his term of office, he returned to West Virginia and moved to Fairmont. He continued to practice law until he was elected Judge of the Circuit Court of Monongalia, Harrison, and Marion Counties in 1900. After he left Washington, he repeatedly attempted to secure another appointment in Washington but was unsuccessful. He retired from the bench in 1912 and was appointed Chairman of the West Virginia Debt Commission the following year. He served until the fall of 1915 when he was appointed to a vacant seat in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia. He stepped down in January of 1917 and died later that spring."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers, A\u0026amp;M 1888, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John W. Mason (1842-1917) Papers, A\u0026M 1888, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e37, 1888, 3820\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["37, 1888, 3820"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor item level description, see control folder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.\u003c/emph\u003e This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general.","Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870 to 1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development in West Virginia; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont.","Correspondents include George W. Atkinson; James G. Blaine; Arthur I. Boreman; A.W. Campbell; W.E. Chandler; William M.O. Dawson; A.G. Dayton; Marmaduke H. Dent; Stephen B. Elkins; D.D. Farnsworth; W.E. Glasscock; Nathan Goff, Jr.; J.M. Hagans; Benjamin Harrison; H.D. Hatfield; J.J. Jacob; J.C. McGrew; William McKinley; J.M. Mason; Francis H. Pierpont; Nathan B. Scott; W.E. Stevenson; G.C. Sturgiss; and A.B. White.","For item level description, see control folder.","Series include:","Series 1. Personal Papers; 1831-1928, undated; 11 boxes.  This series includes general correspondence (letters, manuscript speeches, diaries, and extensively annotated printed materials), miscellaneous printed material, newspapers, school records from Mason's early life, photographs, printed material, and papers of Robert C. Mason and John W. Mason, Jr.","Series 2. Internal Revenue Service Papers; 1889-1893; 5 boxes.  This series consists of 18 volumes of letter press copy books (roughly 8500 pages). Unbound letters relating to the IRS will be found in Series 1, boxes 1-6, General Correspondence.","Series 3. Business Papers; 1854-1917, undated; 13 boxes.  This series includes legal papers, material relating to the Virginia-West Virginia debt controversy, financial papers, minute books of coal companies, and other printed material.","Series 4. Oversize; 1884, 1915; 1 folder.  This series includes a certificate of incorporation of the Grafton, Buckhannon, and Charleston Railroad Company (1884); and John W. Mason's certificate of membership to the Virginia State Debt Commission (1915)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIssue of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Citizen\u003c/title\u003e separated to A\u0026amp;M 3890.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Issue of  West Virginia Citizen  separated to A\u0026M 3890.","\nInstrument for measuring alcoholic content of beverages removed to memorabilia collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8db32873086aeeb8159fe213b87acab3\"\u003eCorrespondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, legal papers, photographs, and printed materials of John W. Mason (1842-1917). Mason was a circuit court and state Supreme Court judge, member of the Virginia State Debt Commission, and commissioner of Internal Revenue. The general correspondence contains personal and business letters, as well as manuscript speeches, notebooks, and reports. The period while Mason was circuit judge is particularly sparse. Also includes Internal Revenue correspondence consisting of about 8,500 pages in letter press copy books. Roughly half of the collection is devoted to his legal papers and printed materials concerning law in general. Subjects include early development of the Republican Party in West Virginia; political campaigns in West Virginia from 1870-1916; Monongalia Academy; industrial development; Internal Revenue Service (1889-1893); the Virginia Debt question; early banking development in Grafton; and the development of coal companies, particularly around Fairmont. Correspondents include Arthur I. Boreman, A.W. Campbell, Stephen B. Elkins, Benjamin Harrison, Francis H. Pierpont, and others."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_8bea25f8b84ece57c7433134969d499e\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidation Coal Company","Monongalia Academy (Morgantown, W. Va.)","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- )","United States. Internal Revenue Service","Atkinson, Geo. W. (George Wesley), 1845-1925","Blaine, James Gillespie, 1830-1893","Boreman, Arthur Inghram, 1823-1896","Campbell, Archibald W., 1833-1899.","Chandler, W.E.","Dawson, William M.O.","Dayton, Alston Gordon","Dent, Marmaduke Herbert.","Elkins, Stephen B.  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Va.)","Virginia -- Governors","Land grants - Monongalia County, (West Virginia).","Militia - Virginia 7th Regiment 1st Battalion.","Monongalia County, (West) Virginia - Land grants.","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Land grant to Nathaniel Cochran, Monongalia County, West Virginia, for 150 acres dated 20 April 1784, signed by Governor Benjamin Harrison and a grant for 100 acres dated 15 April 1793, signed by Governor Henry Lee; appointment of Nathaniel Cochran as Captain of the First Battalion of the Seventh Regiment, Virginia militia, dated 8 May 1802 and signed by Governor James Monroe; note signed by Cochran et al. volunteering service to the Virginia Militia; and an undated list of men in Nathaniel Cochran's militia company.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Harrison County - (West) Virginia militia.","West Virginia.  Militia (Harrison County, W. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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