{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2015\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=494","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2015\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=493","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2015\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=495","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2015\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=503"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":494,"next_page":495,"prev_page":493,"total_pages":503,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":4930,"total_count":5022,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9440#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9440#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9440.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Coeducation collection","title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection"],"title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["2015-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2015-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2015/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"text":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018","UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440","Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection.","Correspondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026 Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026 Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026 Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026 Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026 Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026 Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026 Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026 Mary in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026 Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026 Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026 Mary education grow in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026 Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026 Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026 Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026 Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026 Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026 Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026 Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in W\u0026M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026 Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026 Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026 Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026 Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026 Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026 Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026 Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026 Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026 Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026 Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026 Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026 Mary have been formative to her career and identity.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026 Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026 Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026 Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026 Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026 Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026 Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026 Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026 Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026 Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026 Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026 Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026 Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026 Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026 Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026 Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026 Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026 Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026 Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026 Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026 Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026 Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026 Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026 Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026 Mary specifically.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026 Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026 Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026 Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026 Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026 Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the W\u0026M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026 Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026 Mary.","Addition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026 M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026 Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"collection_ssim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials were transferred from William \u0026 Mary Office of the President."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Gigabytes",".2 Linear Feet 1 legal size folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Gigabytes",".2 Linear Feet 1 legal size folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Posters"],"date_range_isim":[2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026amp; Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026amp; Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026amp; Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026amp; Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026amp; Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026amp; Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026amp; Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026amp; Mary in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026amp; Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026amp; Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026amp; Mary education grow in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026amp; Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026amp; Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026amp; Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026amp; Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026amp; Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026amp; Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in W\u0026amp;M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026amp; Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026amp; Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026amp; Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026amp; Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026amp; Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026amp; Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026amp;M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026amp; Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026amp; Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026amp; Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026amp; Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026amp; Mary have been formative to her career and identity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026amp; Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026amp; Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026amp; Mary.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026amp;M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the William \u0026amp; Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026amp; Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026amp; Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026amp; Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026amp; Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026amp; Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026amp; Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026amp; Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026amp; Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026amp; Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026amp; Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026amp; Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026amp; Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026amp; Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026amp; Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026amp; Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026amp; Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026amp; Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026amp; Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026amp; Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026amp; Mary specifically.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026amp; Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026amp; Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026amp; Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the William \u0026amp; Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026amp; Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026amp; Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026amp; Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026amp; Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the W\u0026amp;M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026amp; M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026amp; Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026 Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026 Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026 Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026 Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026 Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026 Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026 Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026 Mary in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026 Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026 Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026 Mary education grow in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026 Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026 Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026 Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026 Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026 Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026 Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026 Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in W\u0026M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026 Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026 Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026 Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026 Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026 Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026 Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026 Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026 Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026 Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026 Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026 Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026 Mary have been formative to her career and identity.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026 Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026 Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026 Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026 Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026 Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026 Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026 Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026 Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026 Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026 Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026 Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026 Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026 Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026 Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026 Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026 Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026 Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026 Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026 Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026 Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026 Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026 Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026 Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026 Mary specifically.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026 Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026 Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026 Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026 Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026 Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the W\u0026M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026 Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026 Mary.","Addition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026 M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026 Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:49:38.668Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9440","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9440.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Coeducation collection","title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection"],"title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["2015-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2015-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2015/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"text":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018","UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440","Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection.","Correspondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026 Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026 Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026 Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026 Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026 Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026 Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026 Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026 Mary in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026 Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026 Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026 Mary education grow in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026 Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026 Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026 Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026 Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026 Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026 Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026 Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in W\u0026M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026 Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026 Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026 Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026 Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026 Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026 Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026 Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026 Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026 Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026 Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026 Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026 Mary have been formative to her career and identity.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026 Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026 Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026 Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026 Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026 Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026 Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026 Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026 Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026 Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026 Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026 Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026 Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026 Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026 Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026 Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026 Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026 Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026 Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026 Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026 Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026 Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026 Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026 Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026 Mary specifically.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026 Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026 Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026 Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026 Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026 Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the W\u0026M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026 Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026 Mary.","Addition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026 M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026 Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"collection_ssim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, 2015/2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 394","/repositories/2/resources/9440"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The materials were transferred from William \u0026 Mary Office of the President."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Oral histories","College life","Women college students","Posters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Gigabytes",".2 Linear Feet 1 legal size folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 Gigabytes",".2 Linear Feet 1 legal size folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Posters"],"date_range_isim":[2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by accession. The finding aid may be updated to reflect new aquisitions to the collection."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women: 100 Years of Co-education collection, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026amp; Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026amp; Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026amp; Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026amp; Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026amp; Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026amp; Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026amp; Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026amp; Mary in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026amp; Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026amp; Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026amp; Mary education grow in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026amp; Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026amp; Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026amp; Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026amp; Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026amp; Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026amp; Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in W\u0026amp;M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026amp; Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026amp; Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026amp; Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026amp; Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026amp; Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026amp; Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026amp;M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026amp; Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026amp; Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026amp; Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026amp; Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026amp; Mary have been formative to her career and identity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026amp; Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026amp; Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026amp; Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026amp; Mary.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026amp;M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the William \u0026amp; Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026amp; Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026amp; Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026amp; Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026amp; Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026amp; Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026amp; Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026amp; Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026amp; Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026amp; Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026amp; Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026amp; Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026amp; Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026amp; Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026amp; Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026amp; Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026amp; Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026amp; Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026amp; Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026amp; Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026amp; Mary specifically.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026amp; Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026amp; Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026amp; Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the William \u0026amp; Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026amp; Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026amp; Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026amp; Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026amp; Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026amp; Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026amp; Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026amp; Mary through her service on the W\u0026amp;M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026amp; Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026amp; M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026amp; Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, budget plans, and other documents that correspond with the planning for the 100th Anniversary of Women.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Interview includes performance from Grayce and Kristen of \"Love, Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Henretta Trent Band arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1950. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she was a member of the Baptist Student Union, German House, and Delta Delta Delta. She additionally participated in the Biology Club, Backdrop Club, and Orchesis. Band also spent a year abroad through a program with Exeter University. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science degree in Biology in 1954, Band pursued a Ph.D. in Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley, receiving the degree in 1959. Band and her husband then traveled nationally and internationally, holding positions in their respective fields at a variety of universities and institutions. They continued their travels after retirement on cruises throughout the Mediterranean. In her interview, Band discusses the multitude of extracurricular activities she was involved in, but states that they \"didn't take that much time.\" Her fondest memories come from her time living abroad which attending Exeter for a year, during which she befriended the son of the Prime Minister of Libya, traveled throughout Europe, saw Winston Churchill, and frequented numerous plays and operas. Though Band and her husband traveled widely, they made sure to return to Williamsburg for the Jamestown 400.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jean Bruce arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, the Women's Student Cooperative Government Association's Judicial Committee, the YMCA, and German Club. She was also chair of the Honor Council, served as a President's Aide, and was a member of the Mortar Board. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1949, Bruce worked in a number of fields, including advertising and health and welfare. She wrote copy and advertising for Farm Fresh through Highway Advertising, the agency she started with her husband, Jack. She eventually moved into the health sector, serving as Director of Family Life Education for the Norfolk Health, Welfare , Recreation Planning Council, and sat on the boards of both the Williamsburg Community Health Foundation and the Sentara Health System. In her interview, Bruce recalls her college experience as being filled with games of bridge in the dorms, attending football and basketball events, and lots of dancing with her would-be husband, Jack. She laughingly states that she \"learned more from [her] extracurricular activities than I did in the classrooms.\" Bruce admits that she still attends sporting events on campus and that she, like other alum, is still attached to William \u0026 Mary, stating in regards to alumni connection to the school, \"you never lose it.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ann Buckles arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1949. During her time at the College, she acted in a series of plays and joined Pi Beta Phi. After graduating in 1951 with a Bachelors of Arts in Theatre, Buckles moved to New York to continue her acting career, acting in various plays, on Broadway, and in commercials. Then, she joined a spiritual movement entitled \"Moral Re-Armament\" for seven years. Shortly thereafter, Buckles worked as the Director of Public Relations for Harper's Bazaar and served as an Alcoholics Anonymous Counselor. Buckles later returned to acting in plays and on television. In her interview, Buckles recalls how she initially traveled to William \u0026 Mary to act in a play called \"The Common Glory.\" Her experience convinced her to transfer to the College in 1949 to pursue a degree in Theatre. She reminisces on her positive memories both with the theatre department and with her sorority, Pi Beta Phi. She stresses that the mentorship she received from Althea Hunt was integral in her growth as an actor at the College. Buckles describes her career post-William \u0026 Mary through different anecdotes and asides. In particular, she often returns to a movement she joined called Moral Re-Armament, which she remained a part of for seven years. The movement's \"four standards\" of honesty, purity, unselfishness, and love have guided her throughout her career and life choices, and she credits these standards for her success. While Buckles has criticisms for the contemporary state of William \u0026 Mary, she still holds her college education responsible for her continued success.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Che-Castaldo arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2000. During here time at the College, she worked as a research assistant in the Biology department, participated in the Chinese Student Organization, volunteered at the Muscarelle Museum of Art, and tutored English as a second language to international students. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 2004, Che-Castaldo received a doctoral degree in ecology from the University of Maryland. Following working as a postdoctoral fellow at the National Socio-Environmental Center, she began her current position as a research scientist at the Lincoln Park Zoo. In her interview, Che-Castaldo describes how receiving the Gates Millenium Scholarship allowed her to attend William \u0026 Mary from North Ridgeville, Ohio. At the College, she created strong relationships in the Biology department with professors like John Swaddle and Laurie Sanderson. She emphasizes that the large number of female faculty in the sciences at William \u0026 Mary encouraged her to pursue a STEM career. After graduating, Che-Castaldo studied ecology at the University of Maryland and gained experience researching endangered plant species, leading her to later receive the opportunity to work at the Lincoln Park Zoo. From William \u0026 Mary, Che-Castaldo learned to prioritize and focus on \"the more important parts\" of her life and to \"let go\" of the rest. Both in her career and at the College, Che-Castaldo stresses the importance of gender and racial diversity in the sciences and how this representation influenced her trajectory. She hopes to see this diversity increase at William \u0026 Mary in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Chu arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1989, after graduating from Duke University. During her time at the College, she clerked, volunteered with CASA as a special court-appointed advocate, and coordinated and participated in a study abroad program in Madrid. After graduating in 1992, Chu moved to Chicago with her husband and worked with Chicago Volunteer Legal Services. Later, she clerked under the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois. She became Director of Career Services at the Chicago Kent Career Services Offices, later being promoted to Assistant Dean. After working part-time, Chu finally decided to take a position at the Latin School of Chicago. In her interview, Chu says that she decided to apply to William \u0026 Mary Law School after spending a weekend with a second-year law student, where she experienced a sense of community and camaraderie she hadn't felt elsewhere. The \"close-knit\" social network she had in law school provided her with significant opportunities later in her career. The presence professors like Jayne Barnard and Linda Butler inspired her as a woman in her profession, and mentors like Dean Robert Kaplan guided her towards exploring education in the law. She fondly remembers moments of belonging, such as when she met her husband at a hotel bar or watching the law school band perform at Greenleaf. After graduation, she recounts having difficulty finding a long-term job in the Chicago area, where she moved with her husband. This lead her towards working in education. She describes her continual involvement with William \u0026 Mary through reunion committee work and mentoring, emphasizing that she remains \"so proud\" of the College and hopes to only see the power of a William \u0026 Mary education grow in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Jill Ellis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she played women's soccer, wrote for the Flat Hat, and participated in the College Reading Program. She was the first in her family to attend university. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in English, she was offered a coaching job at NC State and simultaneously pursued her Master of Arts in Technical Writing. After a brief stint in the business world, she set her sights on coaching, serving as head coach of the UCLA women's soccer team before moving into her current position as head coach of the Women's National Team of the U.S. Soccer Federation. In her interview, Ellis calls William \u0026 Mary \"the complete package\" having offered her both an opportunity to play soccer and an excellent academic experience. Though she recalls the campus as being very open in terms of rules and regulations compared to the 1960s and prior, in terms of discussion of sexuality, \"it was certainly not an environment where it was open...back then it was still very much a taboo topic.\" Though this resulted in some isolating experiences for Ellis, she maintains that, \"in terms of friendships, and lessons I've learned, and growing and becoming the person I am, it just gave me a great platform...I know it shaped me in so many ways it's probably hard to articulate.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Fran Engoron arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Colonial Echo and intramurals. She was also involved in the Newman Society, Alpha Kappa Delta sociology honor society, the Catholic Student Association, and Gamma Phi Beta. After graduating in 1970 with a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, Engoron rose quickly through the ranks to become Director of Health Services at Doctor's Hospital, before returning to school at George Washington to earn her Master of Arts in Public Health in 1978. She then moved into consulting, first at Ernst \u0026 Young, and then at Price Waterhouse, making partner within seven years. She was the first woman appointed to PW's national leadership team. In her interview, Engoron reflects on being drawn to the history of the William \u0026 Mary as well as the opportunity for a coeducational experience at a time when few universities in the state offered it. Engoron's recollection of college is filled with anecdotes about evading curfew and protesting dress and social rules and regulations. She still remains close to her sorority sisters, reuniting with several of them annually, stating, \"We were pretty innocent when we arrived on campus. And so we all grew up into adults together. And we just had great fun.\" Overall, she sees her William \u0026 Mary education as having prepared her for her career trajectory, giving her \"confidence that I could, in fact, do anything I wanted to.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Judy Ewell arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1971, not as a student but as professor of History. During her 30-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, Ewell fought on behalf of equal pay for women, contributed to the development of the international studies curriculum, and received the Thomas Jefferson Award and the Commonwealth of Virginia Outstanding Faculty Award. She served as Chair of the History Department from 1991-1998. In her interview, Ewell discusses the experience of being one of two women in the History Department when she arrived at William \u0026 Mary. However, she states that it was \"not very hierarchical…it wasn't a kind of department in which they threw their weight around and their voice mattered more than…an untenured person's voice.\" Her time at William \u0026 Mary, while very successful, was not without challenges. Ewell spent a decent portion of the 1990s in which she went back and forth with administration over the discrepancies between her pay and that of her male colleagues. She expresses a hope that William \u0026 Mary will become \"a leader in liberal arts, broad education, and promoting diversity, promoting openness, promoting thinking, and tolerance…\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Falck arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1946. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in W\u0026M Choir, Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Student Association, and Women Student's Cooperative Government Association. Falck also served as President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science in Biology in 1950, Falck pursued teaching, but also continued with government, serving on the Fairfax County School Board and the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors. She was appointed to the William \u0026 Mary Board of Visitors in 1970.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Stephanie Garrett arrived at William \u0026 Mary Law School in 1988, after graduating from Smith College with a Bachelor of Arts in French and Government. During her time at the College, Garrett participated in student government and served as the Editor-in-Chief of the law school's newspaper, \"The Advocate.\" After graduating in 1991 from William \u0026 Mary Law School, Garrett served as an Assistant State's Attorney in Chicago and later joined a private law firm as a litigator. Garrett then travelled to Cambodia to research the Khmer Rouge Tribunal with the United Nations. She currently works with the City of Chicago's Law Department in public interest law. In her interview, Garrett recalls that William \u0026 Mary's rich history and beauty drew her to apply. She emphasizes that the law school's social scene and extracurricular opportunities created a strong sense of community. While she remembers her fellow law students as ambitious and \"vicious,\" there was no feeling of competition between peers. Writing for \"the Advocate\" gave Garrett the opportunity to speak out on issues relating to HIV/AIDs and campus sexual assault during her time at the College. After graduation, Garrett served as a litigator at a private law firm. There, she emphasizes that her work in management and on pro bono cases allowed her to make a true \"difference\" in people's lives. Garrett describes her time with the United Nations as a legal officer at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, where she worked on investigating crimes against humanity and war crimes. There, the experience she received working with a team on original source documents proved invaluable and deeply enriched her career as a lawyer. She credits her overall love for the law to William \u0026 Mary's emphasis on intellectual honesty and critical thinking.The College gave its students, especially women, the platform to voice their opinions and create change. This experience remains formative for Garrett and has deeply influenced her worldview.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Nancy Gunn arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1984. While at the College, she was heavily involved in the theatre department and acted in several plays. After graduating in 1988 with a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre, Gunn moved to New York City to act. She then returned to school at Tulane to obtain a Masters in dramaturgy. After meeting her husband at school, they moved to New York City together, where she briefly directed a podcast entitled \"The Moth.\" She then worked for the Metropolitan Opera as an executive assistant. She moved again with her then-husband to Los Angeles, where she began as a researcher for a series of documentary projects. She received a series of production credits on TLC, \"The Amazing Race,\" \"Rock Star,\" and \"On the Lot,\" she worked on \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" with Donald Trump. After having her daughter, Charlotte, Gunn moved to New Orleans to run a Bed \u0026 Breakfast. She then began teaching production courses at Tulane, where she continues to lecture now. In her interview, Nancy Gunn says that William \u0026 Mary was \"the place that called [her] the most.\" In particular, she loves the school's history and strong theatre department. She cites professors such as Jerry Bledsoe, Trish Wesp, and Dr. Richard Palmer as influential in her education and career. She highlights how the theatre department at the College became her home, and how she felt safe within that community to discuss social issues surrounding race, gender, sexuality, and politics. After graduating, Gunn lived in New York City and in Los Angeles. She credits her time and the College and at Tulane for the opportunities she received in production. She emphasizes the rewarding and challenging nature of television production and how difficult it was to juggle both motherhood and a full-time career. On working with Donald Trump on \"The Celebrity Apprentice,\" she stresses how despite being a democrat, she finds his certain attributes \"admirable.\" In reflection on her career, she says her proudest moment was winning an Emmy Award for her production on \"The Amazing Race.\" When thinking of her time at William \u0026 Mary, she admires the challenges the women she knows had to overcome to make strides in their goals. She hopes to see women continue to fight for equality in the future.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. Barbara Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1966. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and Panhellenic Council. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College\". Kennon McKee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1964. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega and the Student Association. She also served as an Orientation Aide and worked for the campus radio station, WCWM. Jennifer Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1994. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Student Alumni Council, and served as a Research Assistant. Ashley Glacel arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1998. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she studied abroad and served as a Tribe Club Ambassador.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Glenne Harding arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1961. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta, the Panhellenic Council, the Psychology Club, Orchestra, the Canterbury Club, Dorm Council, W\u0026M Theater, and the Pep Club. She also worked on the Colonial Echo and participated in intramurals. After graduating with her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1965, Harding pursued a career in experimental psychology, first at Stanford, and then moving on to Hewlett-Packard, where she became the first female division controller in company history. In her interview, Harding states that when choosing a school to attend, William \u0026 Mary's small size and general friendliness won her over. With her time spent in the Psychology Club and serving as president of her sorority, she maintains, \"there was no way in the world that you had time to spare.\" She credits her busy and difficult school experience as preparing her to work in positions in the techonology sector, stating: \"I just learned how to learn and how to get things done. That's what you learn in liberal arts.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kathryn Healy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2003. While at the College, Healy studied abroad in Spain and became a sister of Kappa Kappa Gamma. After graduating in 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics, Healy worked as a litigation paralegal for a Williams Mullen law firm in Richmond. She then returned to William \u0026 Mary to earn a Masters in Business Administration. After graduation, she moved to Atlanta to work with Deloitte as a consultant. She currently lives in Milwaukee with her husband, working for S.C. Johnson in Human Resources. In her interview, Healy describes how a small-town feel lead her to choose William \u0026 Mary over UVA. She fondly recalls her time with sorority sisters and her study abroad experience during her undergraduate years. Recalling the Virginia Tech shooting, she stresses the major impact this event had on campus and on her worldview. Healy continually claims that her degree from William \u0026 Mary has allowed her many of the opportunities she has received throughout her career. She owes the College the connections she has made throughout her life, from meeting her husband and her best friend to the current position she holds at S.C. Johnson. The College's strides to increase opportunities for women leave Healy hopeful for the future. She stresses how the women in her life now and at William \u0026 Mary have been formative to her career and identity.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sophie Lee arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi and Study Abroad. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Psychology in 1990, Lee joined her family company, the Allied Technology Group, Inc., ultimately becoming Vice President for Human Resources. In 2004 she broke out and founded her own government contracting company, AMSAQ, Inc., for which she currently serves as President. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her committee participation, most recently the William \u0026 Mary Alumni Association. In her interview, Lee reveals that William \u0026 Mary was not her first choice of school, but, \"I loved it. The minute I set foot on campus I loved it.\" Her fondest memories include being a member of Pi Beta Phi and starting supper clubs in which she and her friends would have \"a whole social round table of meals.\" When reflecting on the utility of her liberal arts education, Lee remarks, \"You can figure pretty much anything out. You basically have the tools to be able to adapt, to learn something new, to have a broad enough scope of education, but also interest to learn just about anything.\" She remains involved with the college through service on boards and by returning for Homecomings and social events with her college friends.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Mardie MacKimm arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1951. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, MacKimm participated in Pi Beta Phi, the Colonial Echo, Panhellenic Council, Political Science Forum, Pep Club and Philosophy Club. She was also a President's Aide and was a member of Mortar Board. After receiving her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1955, MacKimm ultimately came to work for Kraft, Inc. as Senior Vice President of Corporate Communication and landed on the Chicago Tribune's list of \"Chicago's Most Powerful Women.\" In her interview, MacKimm reflects fondly on her experience at William \u0026 Mary, despite being plagued by a number of illnesses during her time here. She serendipitously became president of Pi Beta Phi her sophomore year, enjoyed her position on the Colonial Echo staff, and credits her education as getting her a position with a newspaper years down the line because the interviewer \"was so blown away that I had gone to William \u0026 Mary.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. University Archivist Kim Sims interviews three generations of W\u0026M alumnae from the same family: Anne A. Madden, Class of 1943; her daughter Joanne Madden Deaton, Class of 1972, and her great-niece Laura Edge Kottkamp, Class of 1996. Interview conducted on September 9, 2016 at the Quirk Hotel in Richmond.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Audra Mallow arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1986. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, the Ski Club, Student Alumni Council, Intramurals, the Swimming Club, and Study Abroad. She was also a member of the Women's Swimming and Diving team her freshman year. After earning her Bachelor of Business Administration in Finance in 1990, Mallow worked for the consulting company, Peat Marwick, and General Electric, before applying to MBA programs. She earned her Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago in 1998, and ultimately ended up on Wall Street with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley. After 17-plus years working for the business industry, Mallow started her own company, Long Course Capital, LLC., for which she still works as Principal. She remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Mallow remembers thinking that William \u0026 Mary was the \"encyclopedia definition of college\" when she first stepped on campus. She recalls fondly the time spent as a member of her sorority, reflects on her time on the swim team, and provides story after story of her time in Cambridge for a summer program. Mallow has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary in a number of ways, stating: \"[…] it's so much fun, just not only seeing the inner workings of the university and the growth that's going on here, and the energy and the enthusiasm that is pervasive across disciplines… the people that you get to know on campus, the other alums… and just the warmth that is William \u0026 Mary, the things that we share, the collective memories are so strong, and so deep and so positive.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sue Manix arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Athletic Association, Panhellenic Council, and Omicron Delta Epsilon Economics Honor Society. She also served as an Orientation Aide, a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, and was a member of Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Government in 1979, Manix worked in the telecommunications industry, specifically for Bell Pennsylvania, Bell Atlantic, and ultimately Verizon, where she served as Vice President of Public Affairs. She returned to school to receive her Master of Business Administration from the University of Pennsylvania in 1987. Manix currently works as Director of Marketing and Communications for The Shipley School in Bryn Mawr while remaining connected to William \u0026 Mary through her role as President of the Alumni Association. In her interview, Manix recounts meeting her would-be husband on her very first trip to visit William \u0026 Mary—he was the tour guide for her group. She explains that being involved in so many extracurricular activities as a student \"was a great way to keep connected to a wide variety of people on campus and not get into my own little silo…\" Manix has maintained the relationships she built while at William \u0026 Mary, returning for Homecomings and celebrating birthdays with her college friends. She also continues to serve the school through her role as President of the Alumni Association.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sallie McBride arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Spanish Club, German Club, Pi Beta Phi, the Student Association, and YMCA. She also participated in intramural basketball. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in Spanish, McBride joined Pan American as a stewardess, flying throughout Latin and South America. She later became a travel consultant for Aardvark. In her interview, McBride recalls knowing from a young age that she wanted to be a stewardess for Pan American, leading her to pursue a degree in Spanish from William \u0026 Mary. She shares memories of dancing and dating and working over the summer at Yellowstone National Park, where she met her would-be husband. Dean of Women, Grace Landrum, stands out in her mind as someone who was exceptionally helpful as a resource. Though she enjoyed her time at William \u0026 Mary, when asked about her favorite memory to look back on, McBride replies, \"Graduation.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Kyle McQuillan arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2013. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Delta and Student Conduct. Additionally, she was a member of the crew team during her freshman year and a member of the club lacrosse team her junior and senior years. After graduating in 2017 with a Bachelor of Arts in Hispanic Studies, McQuillan joined the staff of William \u0026 Mary Libraries as part of a one-year Mosaic Fellowship. Her time as a fellow has been spent working with the Cuban Film Project—fabricating physical and online exhibits of Cuban film posters. In Fall 2018 she will pursue a Doctorate of Philosophy in Romance Languages at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. In her interview, McQuillan recalls her time at William \u0026 Mary as being formative and challenging. McQuillan highlights how her experiences with female professors such as Professor Ann Marie Stock and Professor Francie Cate-Arries led her to declare a Hispanic Studies major. She reflects on moments of belonging, like eating Wawa on the Sunken Gardens and her time on club sports teams. Yet, McQuillan passionately speaks of the institution's shortcomings, such as its stress culture, lack of diversity, and poor handling of sexual misconduct cases. These institutional failures feel particularly salient to McQuillan post-presidential election, and she notes the election's galvanizing effect on the student body. Her work as a Mosaic Fellow in Swem Special Collections reminds her that \"so much of this school has happened on the backs of people whose narratives were never included.\" Her education at William \u0026 Mary reminds her that \"learning should never be something that you stop.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Zella Mervis arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1943. During her time as a student, she was involved in a variety of activities, including Balfour-Hillel, service organization Kappa Chi Kappa, and the German and Spanish Clubs. *Note about the interview: Zella states that she attended William \u0026 Mary from 1939 until 1947. She actually attended from 1943 until 1947.*","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Betty Miller arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1945. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Pi Beta Phi. Like her classmate, Sallie McBride, Miller's trajectory appeared to be toward working for Pan America following graduation. However, after earning her Bachelor of Arts in 1949, Miller taught school in Norfolk, before moving with her husband, Kent, to various military assignments throughout the United States. She returned to school to earn her Master of Library Science from Florida State University in 1963. Following graduate school, she worked for the State Library of Florida until she retired.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Congresswoman Stephanie Murphy arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1996. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Murphy interned with the Scrowcroft Group, joined Chi Omega, and completed an honors thesis in economics. After graduating in 2000 with a Bachelors of Arts in International Relations and Economics, Congresswoman Murphy worked in the Office of the Secretary Defense as a national security specialist. After moving to Florida, Murphy worked in the private sector before decided to run for Congress in 2016 against a twenty-four year incumbent. Murphy currently serves as a congresswoman for Florida's 7th district. In her interview, Congresswoman Murphy describes how her family escaped from communist Vietnam to Virginia, where she grew up and attended William \u0026 Mary. She values the community and education she received at the College, emphasizing that her degree in economics in particular has given her \"a framework for how to think about the world.\" She reflects on the climate of the late 90s and early 2000s, touching on the Clinton administration, Y2K, and 9/11. Murphy believes that \"good people\" in public office remain integral to our nation, and this belief inspired her to ultimately run for Congress. She stresses her gratitude for the opportunities she has received as an immigrant women in both her career and in her college education. Ultimately, She hopes that both women and minorities gain the space to serve in Congress and beyond, thus diversifying our leadership and reflecting our country better as a whole.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Sybil Shainwald arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1944 at the age of 16. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in the Flat Hat, the Colonial Echo, International Relations Club, and Spanish Club. She was involved in Balfour-Hillel and graduated Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1948, Shainwald pursued graduate education in history and law, while simultaneously working with the Consumers Union and raising children. After receiving her Bachelor of Law from Columbia in 1976, she became a pioneer in the field of women's health law. In her interview, Shainwald reflects on entering William \u0026 Mary halfway through the school year, at the young age of 16. She recalls, in particular, feeling very uncomfortable during her first semester due to the conservative environment-manifesting in the rules and regulations for women and the de jure segregation in place. She recalls participating in protests over the Flat Hat article \"Lincoln's Job Half Done.\" Despite her frustrations with much of the culture at the school, Shainwald states: \"I do have good memories of my time at William \u0026 Mary. Even though I was disappointed when I first arrived, I found the education to be outstanding. I found the professors I had to be outstanding. I thought the campus was beautiful.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Ruth Tillar arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1941. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, Tillar was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta, French Club, German Club, and the Flat Hat. Along with a number of other women, Tillar formed a group called the War Activity Members (WAMs) and assisted with the war effort by watching for aircraft and selling war bonds. After earning her Bachelor of Science in Home Economics in 1945, Tillar pursued a career in teaching, first at Blacksburg High School and later, Emporia High School. She has remained incredibly connected to William \u0026 Mary and received an Alumni Medallion for her continued commitment to the school. In her interview, Tillar expresses having know immediately after visiting William \u0026 Mary that she knew she wanted to attend, and returned home after a visit to await her acceptance phonecall. She detailed the experience of being at William \u0026 Mary before Pearl Harbor as \"just a fabulous life\" and after, as a busy time when the \"boys were leaving pretty quickly\" and her time shifted to war service projects. Tillar also states that, at the time of her interview, she had yet to miss a Homecoming.","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Olympia Trumbower arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 2004. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, International Relations Club, and Student Alumni Council. She also served as an Admission Tour Guide and an Orientation Aide. After earning a Bachelor of Arts in International Relations in 2008, Trumbower worked on the Council on Foreign Relations before joining the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation, where she currently serves as Program Manager for Global Policy \u0026 Advocacy. She has remained involved with William \u0026 Mary through her service as a Class Ambassador and her role on the Annual Giving Board. In her interview, Trumbower speaks about visiting UVA and William \u0026 Mary on the same day and feeling completely at home immediately. Her tour was so exceptional that she remains in touch with the guide to this day. Moments that stand out in her mind from her time at the school include eating out of a tent when the Caf was under renovation, the pivitol role the Career Center had in shaping her career trajectory, and meeting her would-be husband over a trashcan. Trumbower brings the interview to a close with a discussion about the contribution and history of women at William \u0026 Mary, stating that she intends to use her resources to \"help women and women at William \u0026 Mary specifically.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Cam Walker arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1960. During her time as a student, she participated in the Women's Dorm Association, Kappa Alpha Theta, the Mermettes, and Colonial Echo. She was also named to Mortar Board and Phi Beta Kappa. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in History in 1964, Walker attended graduate school at Yale University. During her graduate education, she was a part of a teaching internship program, which placed her at Knoxville College. Following her graduation, she returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1969 as a Professor of History and taught for over thirty years before retiring in 2002. In her interview, Walker provides an interesting perspective on life at William \u0026 Mary from the perspective of both a student and a professor. She discusses the social and dress regulations in place when she was a student, suggesting it was all, \"part of the stereotype of needing to protect women, I guess, and the notion that you were away from home and so the college had to step in for your parents.\" Walker returned to William \u0026 Mary after graduate school as a professor of History, right as the regulations were being dismantled. She was the only female on staff in the department at the time. From the time she started teaching to her retirement, she witnessed \"massive\" changes in diversity on campus, stating, \"I think that's just an amazing change.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Brooke Weinmann arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1975. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Kappa Kappa Gamma, the Honor Council, the Washington Program, and Phi Alpha Theta History Honor Society. Additionally, she served as a President's Aide, a Resident Advisor, an Orientation Aide, and an Admission Tour Guide. She was also named to \"Who's Who: College.\" After graduating in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts in History, Weinmann pursued a Master of Business Administration from Harvard University, earning the degree in 1984. She worked for IBM as a Sales Representative before founding the Atlanta Girls' School, for which she still works. Additionally, she is the current Director of Engagement and Development for Connoisseurs Tours. Weinmann remains connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the William \u0026 Mary Foundation Board. In her interview, Weinmann speaks about the myriad reasons that she chose to attend William \u0026 Mary, including the fact that it was coeducational, its close proximity to her family, and the cost. Memories that stick out in her memory include the impact of Sam Sadler and trips to George's diner on Prince George Street. When reflecting on the value of her liberal arts education, Weinmann states: \"You know, a liberal arts education teaches you to think analytically and critically. It teaches you to speak articulately, hopefully, and it teaches you to write effectively.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Millie West arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1959, not as a student but as an instructor, professor, coach, and Women's Athletic Director. During her 50-plus years at William \u0026 Mary, West started the swimming program, worked to increase funding for women's athletics, became a member of William \u0026 Mary Athletics Hall of Fame, and in 2017, was awarded an Honorary Degree from the College. In her interview, West discusses getting a job at William \u0026 Mary after graduate school and attending Thanksgiving Dinner at the home of Dean Lambert. She recalls fondly the process of finding community in Williamsburg through cocktail parties and tennis tournaments. West successfully advocated for adding teams and increasing the budget for women's sports, and observes the current state of women's athletics optimistically, stating: \"I think the sky's the limit.\"","Oral history conducted for the 100 Years of Coeducation commemoration. Virginia Wetter arrived at William \u0026 Mary in 1936. During her time at William \u0026 Mary, she participated in Chi Omega, French Club, German Club, the Literary Society, and served as an Orientation Aide. She also wrote for the Royalist and the Flat Hat. After earning her Bachelor of Arts in English in 1940, Wetter's trajectory took her into the radio and broadcasting industry, namely, as president/general manager of WASA and WHDG radio stations in Havre de Grace, MD, and as Chairwoman of the Board for Chesapeake Broadcasting Corporation. She stayed connected to William \u0026 Mary through her service on the W\u0026M Foundation Board. In her interview, Wetter makes a connection between her experience as a William \u0026 Mary student and that of current students, suggesting they spent their free time in similar ways--walking down DOG Street, grabbing a bite to eat, attending movies at Kimball Theater. Another experience, more unique to Wetter's demographic, was attending the annual Christmas Party of President John Stewart Bryan, at which everyone in attendance dressed in costume. Three generations of Wetter's family have attended William \u0026 Mary.","Addition contains a resolution passed by the Virginia General Assembly to recognize W \u0026 M 100th anniversary of coeducation presented by VA Delegate Monty Mason (William \u0026 Mary class of 1989) to President Rowe at Convocation 2018. Also included is an article about the 2018 Convocation, which mentions the 100th anniversary framed resolution."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:49:38.668Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9440"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9725","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records, 1990/2020","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9725#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection contains scrapbooks, printed materials, photographs and other papers documenting the activities of the Ultimate Women's Frisbee Team at William \u0026amp; Mary. Materials within the collection document Cypress (A-team, though materials from the Woolly Mammoths (B-team) may be added to the collection at a later date. Items include a poster, signed paper plates, jersey, disc and program from Ultimate USA college championship.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9725#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9725","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9725","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9725","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9725","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9725.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records","title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records"],"title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1990-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1990-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1990/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records, 1990/2020"],"text":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records, 1990/2020","UA 181.20","/repositories/2/resources/9725","College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Students--Social life and customs","College sports","College sports--Virginia--Williamsburg","Flying discs (Game)","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged by accession.","Collection contains scrapbooks, printed materials, photographs and other papers documenting the activities of the Ultimate Women's Frisbee Team at William \u0026 Mary. Materials within the collection document Cypress (A-team, though materials from the Woolly Mammoths (B-team) may be added to the collection at a later date. Items include a poster, signed paper plates, jersey, disc and program from Ultimate USA college championship.","Includes butterfly cutout poster entitled \"Beans\"","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records, 1990/2020"],"collection_ssim":["William \u0026 Mary Women's Ultimate Frisbee records, 1990/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 181.20","/repositories/2/resources/9725"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 181.20","/repositories/2/resources/9725"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Isabella DiFulvio of Women's Ultimate A (Cypress)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Students--Social life and customs","College sports","College sports--Virginia--Williamsburg","Flying discs (Game)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--Students","College of William and Mary--Students--Social life and customs","College sports","College sports--Virginia--Williamsburg","Flying discs (Game)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_31bf6ad212ff699963c25bd6413781e3\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Parsons family","Felton, Jeffrey","Parsons, William.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Parsons Will and Related Material, 1828/2017"],"collection_ssim":["William Parsons Will and Related Material, 1828/2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4295","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6362"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4295","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6362"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Felton, Jeffrey"],"creator_ssim":["Felton, Jeffrey"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Felton, Jeffrey","Parsons, William."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Parsons family"],"creators_ssim":["Felton, Jeffrey","Parsons, William.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Parsons family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".01 Linear Feet 5 items (1 folder)"],"extent_tesim":[".01 Linear Feet 5 items (1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Parsons was a soldier in the Revolutionary War and served in the Hampshire County militia as a private.  He served in the west, on the Ohio River, in companies commanded by Capt. Robert Cunningham and Capt. Adam Fisher. Some sources claim that he served in the Continental Army, in the Third Regiment of Light Dragoons, in which he was a Captain, but that was a different William Parsons, from Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe will contains provisions intended to free Parsons' slaves, although not right away.  The will was written in 1828 and he died in 1829.  His widow Catharine Parsons did not die until May 2, 1854.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Parsons was the grandfather of Ward Parsons, the man who led the mob that moved the courthouse records from St. George to Parsons in August 1893.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(This information was provided by the donor.)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Parsons was a soldier in the Revolutionary War and served in the Hampshire County militia as a private.  He served in the west, on the Ohio River, in companies commanded by Capt. Robert Cunningham and Capt. Adam Fisher. Some sources claim that he served in the Continental Army, in the Third Regiment of Light Dragoons, in which he was a Captain, but that was a different William Parsons, from Norfolk, VA.","The will contains provisions intended to free Parsons' slaves, although not right away.  The will was written in 1828 and he died in 1829.  His widow Catharine Parsons did not die until May 2, 1854.","William Parsons was the grandfather of Ward Parsons, the man who led the mob that moved the courthouse records from St. George to Parsons in August 1893.","(This information was provided by the donor.)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Parsons Will and Related Material, A\u0026amp;M 4295, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Parsons Will and Related Material, A\u0026M 4295, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes a photocopy of the will of William Parsons (1828); an accurate typescript of the will, prepared by donor; a less accurate transcript of the will, from a family history book; a transcript of an 1850s financial document from the Randolph County Courthouse about Buck, one of the slaves mentioned in Parsons' will who was apparently suing for freedom; and background information about William Parsons and his wife, Catherine/Catharine, as well as the names of Buck's children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee A\u0026amp;M 370 for additional typescript copies and one manuscript copy of Mr. Parsons' will.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes a photocopy of the will of William Parsons (1828); an accurate typescript of the will, prepared by donor; a less accurate transcript of the will, from a family history book; a transcript of an 1850s financial document from the Randolph County Courthouse about Buck, one of the slaves mentioned in Parsons' will who was apparently suing for freedom; and background information about William Parsons and his wife, Catherine/Catharine, as well as the names of Buck's children.","See A\u0026M 370 for additional typescript copies and one manuscript copy of Mr. Parsons' will."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_31bf6ad212ff699963c25bd6413781e3\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"famname_ssim":["Parsons family"],"names_coll_ssim":["Parsons family","Parsons, William."],"persname_ssim":["Felton, Jeffrey","Parsons, William."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Parsons family","Felton, Jeffrey","Parsons, William."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:58:31.866Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6362"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rice, William (Bill)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6397.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206878","title_ssm":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics"],"title_tesim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1975-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1975-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"text":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015","A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397","Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763","Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia.","No special access restrictions apply.","Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).","Subject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.","Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.","Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Rice, William (Bill)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"collection_ssim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"geogname_ssim":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"places_ssim":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"creator_ssm":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20 Linear Feet 20 ft. (16 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["20 Linear Feet 20 ft. (16 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restrictions apply.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restrictions apply."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, A\u0026amp;M 4317, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, A\u0026M 4317, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).","Subject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.","Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.","Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_86e2542bc48ed0e1e6d0b2218c2257e9\"\u003eHistorical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5340218a951e4789f11752d3a5f37085\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Rice, William (Bill)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:58:31.866Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6397.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206878","title_ssm":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics"],"title_tesim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1975-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1975-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"text":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015","A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397","Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763","Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia.","No special access restrictions apply.","Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).","Subject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.","Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.","Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Rice, William (Bill)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"collection_ssim":["William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, 1975/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4317","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6397"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"geogname_ssim":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"places_ssim":["Elkins (W. Va.)","Augusta County (Va.)","Randolph County (W. Va.)","Virginia History - early","Bath County (Va.)","Clarksburg (W. Va.)","Beverly (W. Va.)","Braxton County (W. Va.) -- History","Berkeley County (W. Va.)","Frederick County (Md.)","Monongalia County (W. Va.) -- History","Preston County (W. Va.)","Tygart Valley.","Potomac River Basin.","Ohio County (W. Va.)","United States -- History -- French and Indian War, 1754-1763"],"creator_ssm":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creators_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)","West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War - West Virginia.","Lord Dunmore's War, 1774","World War, 1939-1945","Moravian Missionaries","Cemeteries","War of 1812 - West Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20 Linear Feet 20 ft. (16 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["20 Linear Feet 20 ft. (16 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restrictions apply.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restrictions apply."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, A\u0026amp;M 4317, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Rice Research Papers regarding West Virginia Genealogy and Other Topics, A\u0026M 4317, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHistorical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16).","Subject files are arranged alphabetically and contain research files pertaining to the region encompassing West Virginia, western Virginia, Maryland, and southeastern Pennsylvania, including Elkins, Clarksburg, Randolph County, Monongalia County, Kanawha County, and Ohio County in West Virginia, and Augusta County, Botetourt County, and Prince William County in Virginia, among others. Subjects covered include early settlement, city and county histories, wars (Lord Dunmore's War, French and Indian War, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, World War II), elections, cemeteries, the Ohio Company, the Mountain State Forest Festival, and McLain Printing, among many others. Types of records include maps, deeds/plats, newspapers, census sheets, book excerpts, and articles, mostly photocopied. The content of the material describes people, places, and events from ca. 100 B.C. - 2011, although the bulk of the collection focuses on the late eighteenth to early nineteenth century.","Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, and the crash of a B-17 bomber, among other material.","Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name. The numerous families documented in this series were mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia (which encompassed western Virginia, most of West Virginia, and much of Kentucky), although some of the files document settlers in Maryland and southwestern Pennsylvania as well.  Some of the family histories extend into the mid and late nineteenth century.  Types of material include hand-written genealogy work sheets, and photocopies of census records, deeds, maps, and articles; there is also correspondence with various archives.  Although the bulk of content describes the history of families for the period ca. 1700-1900, the total or inclusive content covers ca. 1650-2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_86e2542bc48ed0e1e6d0b2218c2257e9\"\u003eHistorical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Historical research material collected by William Rice from ca. 1975-2015, mostly relating to the history of western Virginia and southeastern West Virginia, the Upper Potomac River basin, and particularly Elkins and Randolph County. There are three record series including subject files (boxes 1-4), miscellaneous research files (boxes 4-5), and family histories (boxes 5-16). Subject files are arranged alphabetically and cover many topics ranging from early settlement, the formation of cities and counties, wars, etc. Miscellaneous research files regard the War of 1812 and the Civil War in connection with western Virginia, among other material. Family history files are arranged alphabetically by last name; they document mostly eighteenth-century settlers of what was once Augusta County, Virginia."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5340218a951e4789f11752d3a5f37085\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"persname_ssim":["Rice, William (Bill)"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Rice, William (Bill)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:58:31.866Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6397"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10011#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10011#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_10011.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Bird Club records","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Bird Club records"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1966/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"text":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024","MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011","Wildlife conservation--United States","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series I. General administration papers, and Series II. Reports.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Collection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"collection_ssim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wildlife conservation--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wildlife conservation--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet 12 full Hollinger boxes."],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet 12 full Hollinger boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series: Series I. General administration papers, and Series II. 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We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Bird Club records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":132,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:41:18.235Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_10011","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_10011.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Bird Club records","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Bird Club records"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1966/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"text":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024","MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011","Wildlife conservation--United States","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series I. General administration papers, and Series II. Reports.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Collection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"collection_ssim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, 1966/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00420","/repositories/2/resources/10011"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Wildlife conservation--United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Wildlife conservation--United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet 12 full Hollinger boxes."],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet 12 full Hollinger boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Bird Club records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Williamsburg Bird Club records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection contains general papers, notes, meeting minutes, reports, and photographs, and documenting activities of Williamsburg Bird Club organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":132,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:41:18.235Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_10011"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted), 2001/2021","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08","parent_ssim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021","Series 8: Accession 2023.266 Chapter and executive board minutes, Special and Junior American Citizen reports, 2014/2021"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08"],"title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted)","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted)"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted), 2001/2021"],"text":["Williamsburg Chapter bylaws and program logistics (restricted), 2001/2021","Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021","Series 8: Accession 2023.266 Chapter and executive board minutes, Special and Junior American Citizen reports, 2014/2021","box 23"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021","Series 8: Accession 2023.266 Chapter and executive board minutes, Special and Junior American Citizen reports, 2014/2021"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021","Series 8: Accession 2023.266 Chapter and executive board minutes, Special and Junior American Citizen reports, 2014/2021"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2001/2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 2001-2021"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":32,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021"],"containers_ssim":["box 23"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#4","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:48:00.651Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8989","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8989.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records","title_ssm":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records"],"title_tesim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1921-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1921-2021"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1921/2021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021"],"text":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021","MS 00314","/repositories/2/resources/8989","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Yearbooks are restricted from the public. Please refer to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center Staff at spcoll@wm.edu for more information.","Yearbooks are restricted from the public. Please refer to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center Staff at spcoll@wm.edu for more information.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Original order has been maintained, materials are minimally processed.","Includes chapter history albums and scrapbooks, special reports, Virginia DAR proceedings, Williamsburg DAR regular and executative meeting minutes, awards, commemorative banners.","Event binders for the following date ranges: 2000-2009; 2010-2015; and 2015-2016. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, and other commemorative materials.","Event binders for the following date ranges: 1974-1983; and 1984-1999. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, anc other commemorative materials.","Constitution Week scrapbooks for 2010, 2013, and 2014. Material includes programs, photographs, official proclamations, pamphlets and certificates.","Constitution Week Scrapbooks for the following date ranges: 1987-1990; 1990-1994; 1994-2000; 2000-2005; 2002; and 2005-2009.","Materials include 2017-2019 Memorial Book (containing obituaries for chapter members); \n2015-2016 Commemorative Events Committee; 2016 National Park Service 100 Anniversary; 2015 Commemorative Events Report; 2015 National Program Winner; 2014 Vietnam War Certificate; Vietnam War Commemoration Materials; 2012 State of Membership report; 2011 Flag of the United States report","Chapter History 2009-2010\nChapter History 1925-1998","Chapter History, 2014-2015\nChapter History, 2014-2016\nChapter History, 2014-2017","Chapter and State Awards, 1980-1988, 2002-2013\t\nState Awards and Certificates, 2014-2015\nCommemorative Event Binders, 2011, 2013, 2016\t\nCedar Grove Cemetery \t\nThe Cemeteries of Colonial Williamsburg and Cedar Grove Cemetery, Part II\t\nProfiles of Patriots: A Biographical Reference of American Revolutionary War Patriots and their Descendents, Vol. II\t\nHistorical Sketch of Bruton Church, Williamsburg Virginia, by W.A.R. Goodwin (autographed copy), Franklin Press, Petersburg, Virginia, 1903\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine A Century of Service to the Nation, 1890-1990 (2 copies)\t\nLetters, documents and pictures from 1971-present\t\nPersonal Account of San Franscisco earthquake\t\nAccounting of DAR items in Swem\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine July 1921 and February 1922\t\nState and City Proclamations for Constitution Week","Naturalizations, 1973-2018; Jamestown Youth Ceremony, 2012-2018; 4th of July Ceremony, 1971-2018","Virginia DAR Yearbook and Proceedings of Annual State Conferences, 1990, 1993, 1996-2016","Four boxes of microfilm, 1931-1983","Four discs of regular meeting minutes, 2005-2013; executive board minutes, 2006-2011","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Framed charter of the Williamsburg Chapter of the Daughters of American Revolution, includes 26 names of original charter members. The National Society of the DAR approved the Williamsburg Chapter on April 24, 1925; framed charter document signed on April 18, 1927.","This series includes applications, a certificate of recognition signed by former Virginia governor (2018-2022), Ralph Northam and a proclamation signed by Williamsburg Mayor Paul T. Freiling. Other papers include correspondence and brochures related to the Youth Citizenship ceremony, Virginia Thanksgiving festival, as well as the naturalization ceremony and the July wreath laying ceremony. Reports on Americanism are also included. Yearbooks in this series are restricted from the public.","2 albums containing application records and 1 folder containing certificate and proclamation","Contains 4 legal size folders of correspondence and reports related to various DAR ceremonies.","four binders","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021"],"collection_ssim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, 1921/2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00314","/repositories/2/resources/8989"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00314","/repositories/2/resources/8989"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["11.8 Linear Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["11.8 Linear Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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Please refer to William \u0026amp; Mary Special Collections Research Center Staff at spcoll@wm.edu for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Yearbooks are restricted from the public. Please refer to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center Staff at spcoll@wm.edu for more information.","Yearbooks are restricted from the public. Please refer to William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center Staff at spcoll@wm.edu for more information."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRegular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. 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Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. 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Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. 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A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center. \u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDaughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Daughters of the American Revolution, Williamsburg Chapter records, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal order has been maintained, materials are minimally processed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Original order has been maintained, materials are minimally processed."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes chapter history albums and scrapbooks, special reports, Virginia DAR proceedings, Williamsburg DAR regular and executative meeting minutes, awards, commemorative banners.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eEvent binders for the following date ranges: 2000-2009; 2010-2015; and 2015-2016. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, and other commemorative materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEvent binders for the following date ranges: 1974-1983; and 1984-1999. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, anc other commemorative materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstitution Week scrapbooks for 2010, 2013, and 2014. Material includes programs, photographs, official proclamations, pamphlets and certificates. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstitution Week Scrapbooks for the following date ranges: 1987-1990; 1990-1994; 1994-2000; 2000-2005; 2002; and 2005-2009.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include 2017-2019 Memorial Book (containing obituaries for chapter members); \n2015-2016 Commemorative Events Committee; 2016 National Park Service 100 Anniversary; 2015 Commemorative Events Report; 2015 National Program Winner; 2014 Vietnam War Certificate; Vietnam War Commemoration Materials; 2012 State of Membership report; 2011 Flag of the United States report\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChapter History 2009-2010\nChapter History 1925-1998\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChapter History, 2014-2015\nChapter History, 2014-2016\nChapter History, 2014-2017\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChapter and State Awards, 1980-1988, 2002-2013\t\nState Awards and Certificates, 2014-2015\nCommemorative Event Binders, 2011, 2013, 2016\t\nCedar Grove Cemetery \t\nThe Cemeteries of Colonial Williamsburg and Cedar Grove Cemetery, Part II\t\nProfiles of Patriots: A Biographical Reference of American Revolutionary War Patriots and their Descendents, Vol. II\t\nHistorical Sketch of Bruton Church, Williamsburg Virginia, by W.A.R. Goodwin (autographed copy), Franklin Press, Petersburg, Virginia, 1903\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine A Century of Service to the Nation, 1890-1990 (2 copies)\t\nLetters, documents and pictures from 1971-present\t\nPersonal Account of San Franscisco earthquake\t\nAccounting of DAR items in Swem\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine July 1921 and February 1922\t\nState and City Proclamations for Constitution Week\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNaturalizations, 1973-2018; Jamestown Youth Ceremony, 2012-2018; 4th of July Ceremony, 1971-2018\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia DAR Yearbook and Proceedings of Annual State Conferences, 1990, 1993, 1996-2016\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour boxes of microfilm, 1931-1983\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour discs of regular meeting minutes, 2005-2013; executive board minutes, 2006-2011\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFramed charter of the Williamsburg Chapter of the Daughters of American Revolution, includes 26 names of original charter members. The National Society of the DAR approved the Williamsburg Chapter on April 24, 1925; framed charter document signed on April 18, 1927.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes applications, a certificate of recognition signed by former Virginia governor (2018-2022), Ralph Northam and a proclamation signed by Williamsburg Mayor Paul T. Freiling. Other papers include correspondence and brochures related to the Youth Citizenship ceremony, Virginia Thanksgiving festival, as well as the naturalization ceremony and the July wreath laying ceremony. Reports on Americanism are also included. Yearbooks in this series are restricted from the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 albums containing application records and 1 folder containing certificate and proclamation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains 4 legal size folders of correspondence and reports related to various DAR ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003efour binders\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes chapter history albums and scrapbooks, special reports, Virginia DAR proceedings, Williamsburg DAR regular and executative meeting minutes, awards, commemorative banners.","Event binders for the following date ranges: 2000-2009; 2010-2015; and 2015-2016. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, and other commemorative materials.","Event binders for the following date ranges: 1974-1983; and 1984-1999. Materials include newspaper clippings, programs, letters, photographs, invitations, event scripts, anc other commemorative materials.","Constitution Week scrapbooks for 2010, 2013, and 2014. Material includes programs, photographs, official proclamations, pamphlets and certificates.","Constitution Week Scrapbooks for the following date ranges: 1987-1990; 1990-1994; 1994-2000; 2000-2005; 2002; and 2005-2009.","Materials include 2017-2019 Memorial Book (containing obituaries for chapter members); \n2015-2016 Commemorative Events Committee; 2016 National Park Service 100 Anniversary; 2015 Commemorative Events Report; 2015 National Program Winner; 2014 Vietnam War Certificate; Vietnam War Commemoration Materials; 2012 State of Membership report; 2011 Flag of the United States report","Chapter History 2009-2010\nChapter History 1925-1998","Chapter History, 2014-2015\nChapter History, 2014-2016\nChapter History, 2014-2017","Chapter and State Awards, 1980-1988, 2002-2013\t\nState Awards and Certificates, 2014-2015\nCommemorative Event Binders, 2011, 2013, 2016\t\nCedar Grove Cemetery \t\nThe Cemeteries of Colonial Williamsburg and Cedar Grove Cemetery, Part II\t\nProfiles of Patriots: A Biographical Reference of American Revolutionary War Patriots and their Descendents, Vol. II\t\nHistorical Sketch of Bruton Church, Williamsburg Virginia, by W.A.R. Goodwin (autographed copy), Franklin Press, Petersburg, Virginia, 1903\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine A Century of Service to the Nation, 1890-1990 (2 copies)\t\nLetters, documents and pictures from 1971-present\t\nPersonal Account of San Franscisco earthquake\t\nAccounting of DAR items in Swem\t\nDaughters of the American Revolution Magazine July 1921 and February 1922\t\nState and City Proclamations for Constitution Week","Naturalizations, 1973-2018; Jamestown Youth Ceremony, 2012-2018; 4th of July Ceremony, 1971-2018","Virginia DAR Yearbook and Proceedings of Annual State Conferences, 1990, 1993, 1996-2016","Four boxes of microfilm, 1931-1983","Four discs of regular meeting minutes, 2005-2013; executive board minutes, 2006-2011","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Regular meeting minutes are restricted for 20 years except to current members in good standing of the Williamsburg chapter. Permission for current members in good standing to access minutes from the last 20 years must be granted in advance in writing or email to spcoll@wm.edu by the current Regent or Recording Secretary. A current roster of Board members shall be provided by the Regent to the library at the change of each office term or when updates occur.","Executive Board Minutes may only be accessed by the current Regent or Recording Secretary.","The current chapter Regent may make a written request to borrow material from the Williamsburg DAR collection two (2) times in a calendar year and/or at the new officer's induction meeting. Requests for a private viewing of materials in the Special Collections area of the library for special chapter events may be made in writing by the chapter regent to the Director of the Special Collections Research Center.","Framed charter of the Williamsburg Chapter of the Daughters of American Revolution, includes 26 names of original charter members. The National Society of the DAR approved the Williamsburg Chapter on April 24, 1925; framed charter document signed on April 18, 1927.","This series includes applications, a certificate of recognition signed by former Virginia governor (2018-2022), Ralph Northam and a proclamation signed by Williamsburg Mayor Paul T. Freiling. Other papers include correspondence and brochures related to the Youth Citizenship ceremony, Virginia Thanksgiving festival, as well as the naturalization ceremony and the July wreath laying ceremony. Reports on Americanism are also included. Yearbooks in this series are restricted from the public.","2 albums containing application records and 1 folder containing certificate and proclamation","Contains 4 legal size folders of correspondence and reports related to various DAR ceremonies.","four binders"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":33,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:48:00.651Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8989_c08_c05"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9022#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"American Studies Program","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9022#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9022#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9022.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Documentary Project","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Documentary Project"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1930-2015","2008-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1930-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["2008-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"text":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015","UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters","Portions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Box 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.","Swem library use only","Materials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Materials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Material accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Material access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Deed of Gift is missing.","Interview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file.","The American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century.","VERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.","Davis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.","An edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee.","Acc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015.","Digital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026 Mary Libraries Digital Collections .","This collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.","The collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026 Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol.","This sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026 Mary students, William \u0026 Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.","File contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.","This sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.","Final papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.","Please note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance.","This series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.","Williamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026 White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004","Al Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Douglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Dr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Dr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Lauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.","Sarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Linda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","John Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.","Mrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Jane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Mayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.","Mrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Judy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Jake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Professor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.","Hannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.","Rachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Willie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Lisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.","Jacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Mr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","The four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.","Lynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Timothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Folder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.","WDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.","The folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.","Folder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.","The folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.","The folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.","The folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg","The folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.","The folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.","The folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.","Folder contains several maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and relfective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a map and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.","The folder contains maps and reflective essays.","Folder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.","The folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.","Mr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Chris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.","Mr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Bruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.","Mr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Tyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Amanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Samuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Caroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.","Folder contains maps and written reports.","The folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.","The folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.","The folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.","The folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.","The folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.","The folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.","The folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.","Mr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.","Ms. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Terry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Dorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.","Fred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Grace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.","Reed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Robert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Brenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.","Rich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.","Corinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Samantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.","The content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026 Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026 Mary specifically, among other things.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026 Mary.","Description comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health.","Description taken from headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.","The description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media.","Description taken from headnote created by interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.","The description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.","This description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026 Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026 Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Within this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026 Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.","This interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.","In this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.","In the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026 Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026 Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.","In this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.","Maureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.","This interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026 Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.","In this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026 Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.","In this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026 Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".","In this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026 Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.","In this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.","This Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.","This oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.","In the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026 Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026 Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.","In this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","This description is taken from the headnote for the oral history.","In this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026 Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"collection_ssim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"creator_ssm":["American Studies Program"],"creator_ssim":["American Studies Program"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"creators_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)","Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2009.030 received 2/16/2009 from the Williamsburg Documentary Project via Jenna Simpson. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.45 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9.45 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eBox 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed of Gift is missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Portions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Box 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.","Swem library use only","Materials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Materials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Material accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Material access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Deed of Gift is missing.","Interview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["VERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.","Davis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.","An edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Documentary Project Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries Digital Collections \u003cextref href=\"https://digital.libraries.wm.edu/williamsburg-documentary-project\" title=\"453\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Digital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026 Mary Libraries Digital Collections ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026amp; Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026amp; Mary students, William \u0026amp; Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026amp; Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinal papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026amp; Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026amp; White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAl Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfessor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTimothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains several maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and relfective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a map and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains maps and reflective essays.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and written reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026amp; Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's\nTrack \u0026amp; Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026amp; Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's\nTrack \u0026amp; Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026amp; Mary specifically, among other things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription taken from headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription taken from headnote created by interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026amp;M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026amp; Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026amp; Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026amp; Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026amp; Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026amp; Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026amp; Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026amp; Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026amp; Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote for the oral history. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026amp;M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026amp; Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.","The collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026 Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol.","This sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026 Mary students, William \u0026 Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.","File contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.","This sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.","Final papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.","Please note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance.","This series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.","Williamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026 White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004","Al Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Douglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Dr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Dr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Lauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.","Sarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Linda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","John Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.","Mrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Jane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Mayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.","Mrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Judy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Jake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Professor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.","Hannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.","Rachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Willie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Lisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.","Jacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Mr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","The four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.","Lynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Timothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Folder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.","WDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.","The folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.","Folder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.","The folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.","The folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.","The folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg","The folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.","The folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.","The folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.","Folder contains several maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and relfective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a map and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.","The folder contains maps and reflective essays.","Folder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.","The folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.","Mr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Chris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.","Mr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Bruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.","Mr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Tyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Amanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Samuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Caroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.","Folder contains maps and written reports.","The folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.","The folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.","The folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.","The folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.","The folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.","The folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.","The folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.","Mr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.","Ms. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Terry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Dorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.","Fred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Grace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.","Reed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Robert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Brenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.","Rich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.","Corinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Samantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.","The content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026 Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026 Mary specifically, among other things.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026 Mary.","Description comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health.","Description taken from headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.","The description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media.","Description taken from headnote created by interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.","The description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.","This description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026 Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026 Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Within this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026 Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.","This interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.","In this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.","In the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026 Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026 Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.","In this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.","Maureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.","This interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026 Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.","In this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026 Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.","In this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026 Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".","In this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026 Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.","In this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.","This Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.","This oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.","In the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026 Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026 Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.","In this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","This description is taken from the headnote for the oral history.","In this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026 Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"names_coll_ssim":["Economic Development"],"persname_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1146,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:48:07.814Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9022","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9022.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Documentary Project","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Documentary Project"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1930-2015","2008-2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1930-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["2008-2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"text":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015","UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022","Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers","College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters","Portions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Box 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.","Swem library use only","Materials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Materials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Material accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Material access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Deed of Gift is missing.","Interview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file.","The American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century.","VERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.","Davis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.","An edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee.","Acc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015.","Digital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026 Mary Libraries Digital Collections .","This collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.","The collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026 Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol.","This sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026 Mary students, William \u0026 Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.","File contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.","This sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.","Final papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.","Please note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance.","This series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.","Williamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026 White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004","Al Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Douglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Dr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Dr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Lauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.","Sarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Linda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","John Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.","Mrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Jane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Mayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.","Mrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Judy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Jake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Professor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.","Hannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.","Rachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Willie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Lisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.","Jacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Mr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","The four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.","Lynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Timothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Folder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.","WDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.","The folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.","Folder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.","The folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.","The folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.","The folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg","The folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.","The folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.","The folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.","Folder contains several maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and relfective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a map and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.","The folder contains maps and reflective essays.","Folder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.","The folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.","Mr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Chris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.","Mr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Bruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.","Mr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Tyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Amanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Samuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Caroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.","Folder contains maps and written reports.","The folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.","The folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.","The folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.","The folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.","The folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.","The folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.","The folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.","Mr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.","Ms. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Terry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Dorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.","Fred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Grace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.","Reed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Robert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Brenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.","Rich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.","Corinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Samantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.","The content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026 Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026 Mary specifically, among other things.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026 Mary.","Description comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health.","Description taken from headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.","The description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media.","Description taken from headnote created by interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.","The description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.","This description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026 Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026 Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Within this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026 Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.","This interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.","In this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.","In the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026 Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026 Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.","In this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.","Maureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.","This interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026 Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.","In this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026 Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.","In this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026 Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".","In this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026 Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.","In this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.","This Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.","This oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.","In the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026 Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026 Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.","In this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","This description is taken from the headnote for the oral history.","In this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026 Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"collection_ssim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project, 1930/2015, bulk 2008/2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 351","/repositories/2/resources/9022"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"geogname_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"places_ssim":["Williamsburg (Va.)--History","Williamsburg (Va.)--Maps","Williamsburg (Va.)--Newspapers"],"creator_ssm":["American Studies Program"],"creator_ssim":["American Studies Program"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"creators_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)","Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2009.030 received 2/16/2009 from the Williamsburg Documentary Project via Jenna Simpson. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--History--20th century","Colonial Williamsburg Foundation--History","Interviews","Williamsburg, Battle of, Williamsburg, Va., 1862","Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.45 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9.45 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Clippings (information artifacts)","Photographs","Transcripts","Newsletters"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eBox 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSwem library use only\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeed of Gift is missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Portions of this collection may be restricted for privacy reasons. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Box 11 contains restricted material. Please consult a staff member for further assistance. This is a temporary series and will be deleted once it has been integrated with the existing collection. The series contains oral histories, final reports, and map diaries by students in the Williamsburg Documentary Project course at William and Mary. Box 9 is unrestricted.","Swem library use only","Materials are accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Materials accessible to researchers at Swem Library only.","Material accessible to researchers in Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Material access restricted to researchers at Swem Library only.","Swem library use only","Deed of Gift is missing.","Interview is restricted pending a removal of certain content from the transcript and digital file."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note:"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Studies Program offers students the opportunity to engage with the complex and diverse histories of cultural, racial, and national encounters that, like those of our local area, have come to shape the past and present of the United States, and the Americas. In a rigorous, yet flexible environment of intellectual inquiry, students develop the critical skills that allow them not only to pursue rewarding careers, but to serve as responsible citizens of the 21st Century."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDavis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["VERY IMPORTANT: Anyone quoting from or making substantial use of the oral histories collected here should consider THE SOUND RECORDINGS THE DEFINITIVE SOURCE. Transcripts, indexes, and key words are only tools meant to help guide users to the sound recordings. Most of these interviews were done by WDP student-interviewers. Most interviews combine a life history format with some questioning specific to a student-interviewer's research interests. As part of their training, WDP students do some group interviews and also interview one another, and the collection also contains these recordings. Additionally, the collection gathers some recordings that were done by other groups—for example, local volunteers helping commemorate Williamsburg's 300th anniversary. All oral history interviews conducted by the WDP are done following the Oral History Association's principles and best practices guidelines. Each record in the digital archive contains: a) a sound recording of an interview (WAV format; some MP3 format); a few recordings have been edited to reflect restrictions; some recordings are available for use only on-site in Swem Library's Special Collections b) an image of the Deed of Gift relevant to the interview (PDF or TIFF format) c) a \"live index\" to the recording (PDF format); these indexes were made by assistants to the main interviewer during the interview and, using time code, give a rough guide to major topics covered in the interview. d) a \"headnote\" (PDF format); written by the main interviewer, headnotes give some basic information on the circumstances in which the interview took place and highlight some key topics covered in the interview. Many records also contain: e) an interview transcript, which incorporates the headnote described above (PDF format); prepared by the main interviewer, transcripts attempt to render the dialogue of the interview in a way that is quickly searchable. SCHOLARS WISHING TO QUOTE, SYNOPSIZE, OR REFERENCE A WDP ORAL HISTORY SHOULD ALWAYS CHECK THE TRANSCRIPT AGAINST THE INTERVIEW RECORDING. Some records may also contain: f) scans of documents or photographs (TIFF files) related to the interviewee or topics covered in the interview.","Davis does not wanted monetary publications to use her interview.","An edited version of this oral history is being made available to researchers at the request of the interviewee."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Documentary Project Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Williamsburg Documentary Project Collection, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc. 2009.030 accessioned and minimally described by Amy C. Schindler, University Archivist, in 2/2009. Acc. 2010.311 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in 5/2010. All accessions were integrated and processed by David Ward, SCRC Graduate Apprentice, from October 2013-January 2014. Acc. 2015.148 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in June 2015."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries Digital Collections \u003cextref href=\"https://digital.libraries.wm.edu/williamsburg-documentary-project\" title=\"453\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials:"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Digital content documents from the Williamsburg Documentary Project, including some interviews, are available at William \u0026 Mary Libraries Digital Collections ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026amp; Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol. \u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026amp; Mary students, William \u0026amp; Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026amp; Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinal papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026amp; Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026amp; White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026amp; white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAl Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDouglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLinda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProfessor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWillie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTimothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains several maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and relfective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a map and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and a reflective essay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains maps and reflective essays.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFolder contains maps and written reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMs. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026amp; Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's\nTrack \u0026amp; Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026amp; Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026amp; Mary's\nTrack \u0026amp; Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026amp; Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026amp; Mary specifically, among other things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026amp; Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription comes from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription taken from headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription taken from headnote created by interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026amp; Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026amp;M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026amp; Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026amp; Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026amp; Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026amp; Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026amp; Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026amp; Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026amp; Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026amp; Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026amp; Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis description is taken from the headnote for the oral history. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026amp;M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026amp; Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is composed of material collected and created by the Williamsburg Documentary Project. The Williamsburg Documentary Project conducts oral history interviews and builds physical and digital archives, as well as other activities, through which it interprets the past of Williamsburg, Virginia.","The collection includes publications, news clippings, interviews, and planning documents about Merchant's Square, New Town, food, immigration, as well as events related to Williamsburg history. Events documented in this collection include the removal of a cross from the chapel in the William \u0026 Mary Wren Building at the direction of College President Gene R. Nichol.","This sub-series contains oral history interviews from 1995-2012. Interviewees consist primarily of William \u0026 Mary students, William \u0026 Mary Faculty, and Williamsburg and James City County residents. Interviews have related oral history materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. The suberies is arranged in alphabetical order by last name of interviewee.","File contains deed of gift, detailed, time-stamped summary of interview, and written summary of oral history interview conducted by Graham DeZarn. Mr. Abbott speaks about his family history, the work his architectural firm does, and the importance of understanding the history of the area. He speaks about the progect at Polegreen Church in Hanover County, VA and the preservation of historic and agricultural land.","This sub- series contains oral history deeds, transcripts and notes from 1995-2012.","Final papers for student projects consist of a variety of subjects on the community life and culture within Williamsburg and surrounding environs. Some of these topics have related oral history and digital materials in the William \u0026 Mary digital archive. This series contains student project map diaries from 2008-2012. Students track their locations and movements for a 24 hour period to construct a map diary of their day. There is no prescribed format for the map diary. The bulk of the series is arranged by project title.","Please note that select student papers are restricted from viewing due to privacy. Please consult with a staff member for assistance.","This series contains research materials on the following subjects: : Old Town/New Town, Food and Poverty in Williamsburg and Wren Cross controversy, Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration, J1 Work Visas, Retirement in Williamsburg and Development of Quarterpath Road. There are also oral history materials from the Grass Roots Theater (1998-1999). Old Town/New Town: Merchants Square material, Merchants Square Real Estate Operations, The NewTowner magazines, Next Door Neighbor magazine, and newspaper clippings for 2007. Food and Poverty in Williamsburg: USDA Brochures (2007), Statistics, Information, Advertisements (2010), SHIP (2010), Food Bank Study (2004), Community Health Report (2005) Wren Cross controversy: Emails, Websites and notes used in compiling final report. Battle of Williamsburg Commemoration: Notes J1 Work Visas: Briefings, Regulations, Court Case, and notes used in compiling final report. All from 2010. Retirement in Williamsburg: Reports and Brochures, Journal Articles, Tourism directory, and newspaper clippings.","Williamsburg, Virginia, Traffic Lights, 35 x 21 cm, color Williamsburg, Virginia, Original City and Subsequent Annexation, 28 x 43cm, Color, ca 1984 Williamsburg, Virginia,, Williamsburg in the '20 and '30s, 21 x 28cm, Black \u0026 White James City County, 29.5 x 43cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Comprehensive Plan, 42.5 x 54.5 cm, color, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 1 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Architectual Review Distircts, 42.5 x 34 cm, 2 of 3, color, March 9, 2006 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Districts, 3 of 3, 42.5 x 34 cm, color, February 13, 2003 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1, 1966, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, Res'C', March 26, 1981 Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, ' March 23, 1987, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, August,1972, January 1, 1975, 2 copies Williamsburg, Virginia, Zoning Map, 91 x 58 cm, black \u0026 white, July 1964 Williamsburg, Virginia, Real Property Grid Index, 91 x 58 cm, color, July 13, 2004","Al Albert is the a former soccer coach at William and Mary and is credited with founding the Tidewater Soccer camp. He speaks about his background and the founding of the camp. Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Douglas Austin speaks about his time growing up in the Williamsburg James City County School System and his time at Bruton Heights, previously and African American only school. Folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Dr. Bernacki is a general practitioner who has been practicing in Williamsburg since the 1980s. Dr. Bernacki speaks about his past as a medical student at Georgetown, his time as a physician in the Air Force, the growth he has seen in the Williamsburg medical community, and his belief in the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Dr. Brown speaks about the past medical community of Williamsburg and his disagreement with the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Lauren Brown speaks about growing up in Williamsburg and the tourism industry. Folder contains an index of the interview.","Sarah Cate-Pizarro is a student at William and Mary and speaks about her life in Richmond, VA, he plans for the future, her travels, and her family. Folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Linda Chemlow has been in Williamsburg since 1989 and speaks about her work in the medical field including her personal and professional attitudes towards the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","John Daly is the Head Women's Soccer Coach at William and Mary College. He speaks about how he got involved in soccer and his work at the Tidewater Soccer Camp as a coach. The file contains a transcript of the interview.","Mrs. Elston is the president of the Williamsburg chapter of the William and Mary Alumni Association. She speaks about the association, changes in Williamsburg since she was a student, her and her family's involvement in the community, and her relationship with the US Navy. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. Hamant is the former director of Evening and Special Programs at Colonial Williamsburg. He spoke about how he came to Williamsburg, his time as a Senior Archeologist for Colonial Williamsburg, and his development of popular ghost tours in Colonial Williamsburg. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Jane Hanson is the supervisor of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. She gives a comprehensive history of early music performance, the benefits and drawbacks of a resident ensemble, and the difficulties the ensemble face. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Mayor Clyde Haulmand describes his previous involvement on the Board for the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters. He also discusses how the city of Williamsburg addresses the problem of at-risk and disadvantaged youth. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sister Rose Morris is a teacher at Walsingham Academy, a Catholic school in Williamsburg. Mary Johnston was a student and teacher at Walsingham and at the time of the interview works as the vice principal of the lower school. Sister Rose speaks of the school's history and its religious diversity. Mary speaks about being a non-Catholic student and teacher at the school. Both speak about the schools relationship to the community. The folder contains an index and transcript of the inteview.","Mrs. Jowett is the Career and Technical Education Curriculum leader at Jamestown High. Mrs. Jowett speaks about her experiences with the supernatural at the high school as well as encounters at her home in Yorktown. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. King is the CEO at the Greater Virginia Peninsula branch of Big Brothers Big Sisters. Ms. King discusses the function and organization of this chapter as well as its fundraisers and events. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Judy Knudson is the executive director of Olde Towne Medical Center. She speaks about the growing number of retirees in the community, the growth of the medical field in Williamsburg, and the benefits of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Jake Lewitz is an senior at William and Mary College. He discusses his hometown of Marin, California and what it was like growing up there. He also discussed his busy schedule and many school activities. Jake Lewitz is interested in the Public Health sector. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Professor Marshall teaches at William and Mary and was member of the Governor's Musick ensemble. Prof. Marshall speaks of the benefits of playing in a small resident ensemble as well as the lack of support by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kalynn McLane is a student at William and Mary American Studies program. She speaks about her family, her love of William and Mary, her academics, and her summer study abroad in Cape Town. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Moss's speaks of his musical life prior to beginning to play withthe Governor's Musick ensemble, his musical travel, and teaching life. He also give a history of the music that would have been played in the colonial era in Williamsburg. In a follow up interview Mr. Moss discusses the role that the Governor's Musick has played within the living museum and the nature of their engagements while he has been a member. Mr. Moss also discussed the changing attitudes towards music in society todya and his uncertainty about the groups future. The folder contains summaries and indexes for both interviews.","Hannah Ostroff is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood and her decision to attend William and Mary as well as her time at the school. Ostroff speaks about her experiences with the William and Mary Choir and Sinfonicron. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lance Pedigo speaks about his love of music growing up and how he now runs the Fife and Drum Corps in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mrs. Pedigo works in the Williamsburg-James City County public school system. She speaks about her time working at Matthew Whaley Elementary School and working in the media center at Rawls Byrd Elementary School. She discusses the changes to the city and the school system since she began working in Williamsburg in 1959. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mr. and Mrs. Perkins are both graduates of William and Mary and speak about their time as active participants in Greek life on campus. They discuss the changes to Williamsburg and William and Mary since their graduation as well as their current church life and as members of the Olde Guarde Council. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Carnifax is the Director of Parks and Recreation for James City County and Mr. Powell is the Assistant City Manager. They speak about athletics and local field use. They also speak about the Warhill Sports Complex, what it provides the community, and how youth athletics can economically benefit the community. This folder contains a summary of the interview.","Rachel Quinones is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, religion, music, and her impending graduation. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Mr. Riley speaks about the Kimball theater and film in Williamsburg. The folder contains indices of the interview.","Mr. Scrofani speaks about the Williamsburg Indoor Sports Complex, how it was created and funded, and the impact the WISC has on the community. The folder contains a summary of the interview.","Willie Shaw is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood, his family, his passion for athletics, and his relationship with music. He also speaks about how he came to William and Mary and his plans for the future. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lauren Stephenson is a student at William and Mary. She speaks about her childhood, growing up in suburban Chicago, her Jewish community, and her TV journalist experience. She also speaks about her experiences at William and Mary. The folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Lisa Thomas has been a Big Sister through the local chapter of Big Brothers Big Sisters since 1985. She discusses her role and responsiblities of a Big Sister and her personal experiences with her Little Sisters. In the follow up interview Lisa Thomas speaks about her experience at Eastern State Hospital, how her work for Child Development Resources (CDR) fits into the Williamsburg community assisting disabled children, at-risk children, and those that come from non-English speaking families, and how changing legislation and federal grant money alters the CDR's focus. The folder contains summaries and indices of the interviews.","Jacqueline Vasquez is a student at William and Mary. She discusses her childhood in Texas and her relationships with her family. She speaks about her middle and high school experiences such as participation in student government and sports. She also speaks about her decision to come to William and Mary and her involvement in Phi Beta Phi Sorority, the Club Lacross team, and her volunteer work at the Democratic National Convention in 2012. This folder contains a transcript of the interview.","Mr. Watson is the longest-working musician of the Governor's Musick Ensemble. He speaks about the historical musical performace practices and institutional knowledge. He discusses the transition in Colonial Williamsburg to historically accurate music practices, his own history with early music and the role of the Governor's Musick at the institution. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","The four narrators are all William and Mary Alumni who reside in the Williamsburg Landing Retirement Community. The residents share stories from their time at William and Mary, speak about their love of the College, what has changed since they were students, why they decided to move to Williamsburg, why they remain involved in the College community, and why they think alumni retire to Williamsburg and other college towns. The folder contains a summary of the conversation as well as short biographies of the four narrators.","Lynn Wolfe works in administration at Child Development and speaks about the fundraising efforts of CDR as well as CDR's connection with insurance companies, public schools, and the community in general. She also speaks about her time at William and Mary and her reasons for living in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Timothy Wolfe work in the College of William and Mary Admissions Office. He previously worked at Walsingham Academy for two years in the early 2000s as their Director of College Counseling. He speaks about enjoying his time at Walsingham, his experiences as a non-Catholic staff member, and the perception of Walsingham in the community. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Kris Yeager is a student at William and Mary. He speaks about his childhood and family as well as his gymnastics career as part of the Varsity gymnastics team at William and Mary. He discusses his struggles with gymnastics due to medical issues and his future as part of Teach for America in Las Vegas. The folder contains and index and transcript of the interview.","Folder contains brief biographies of the students taking part in the Williamsburg Documentary Project (WDP) in 2013.","WDP student Sarah Cate-Pizarro's final project on ghost lore and ghost tours in Williamsburg. The folder contains copy and description of a survey map of Williamsburg, several advertisements for various ghost tours, and a research paper.","The folder contains a research paper on responses to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in Williamsburg and excerpts from the Virginia Gazette on national health care reform.","Folder contains a research paper on Big Brothers Big Sisters of Williamsburg.","The folder contains various articles, studies, and webpages about Big Brothers Big Sisters printed out as well as various documents from the organization.","The folder contains various program guides for Colonial Williamsburg, an article by Rohald Broude about music in Colonial Williamsburg in Early Music America, and a research paper about the Governor's Musick in Colonial Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research paper about Walsingham Academy.","The folder contains a research paper about youth athletics in Williamsburg","The folder contains a research paper about William and Mary alumni retiring in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research paper on the evolution of the Williamsburg-James City County School System.","The folder contains a research paper about Child Developent Resources (CDR) in Williamsburg.","The folder contains a written description of student Rachel Quinones's map diary project which details a map of her day.","Folder contains several maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and relfective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a map and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains maps and a reflective essay.","Folder contains a variety of research papers on various topics in Williamsburg such as the LGBTQ community, downtown Williamsburg, the WCWM-FM which is William and Mary's radio station, alternative education, agriculture, local food, the Catholic community, Gene Nichol who is the 26th president of the College of William and Mary, racism inx the mid-20th century, and Meridian Coffeehouse.","The folder contains maps and reflective essays.","Folder contains a research paper on the Temple Beth El and Jewish community of Williamsburg.","The folder contains a research report on Williamsburg 2009 3-person rule zoning ordinance.","The folder contains a research paper on the Kingsmill gated community and overall perceptions of gated communities in Williamsburg.","Folder contains a research on the Magruder community which was displaced when Camp Peary was established. Additionally, the folder contains copies of relevant photographs and reports.","Mr. Boelt's family has a long history in Williamsburg and as a history buff he has a great deal of knowledge of the Williamsburg area, especially surrounding William and Mary. He speaks about how Williamsburg has changed, specifically in relation to the three person zoning rule and the transition of his childhood home on Richmond Ave. becoming a rental. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Chris Connolly serves on the City Planning Commission fot the city government and the branch that enforces the three-person rule. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Fleck speaks about her history as a military wife before coming to Williamsburg and running the Applewood Bed and Breakfast. She also discussed being a newcomer to the hospitality industry, the relationship between the Bed and Breakfast Network and the local government, and the importance of an internet prescence and marketing. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcrip of the interview.","Mr. Goddin is a vocal opponent of the three-person zoning rule and advocated for an expansion to four people. He speaks about the tension at the time (late 2000s), his arrival in Williamsburg, his neighborhood through the years, his thoughts on current compromises to the rule, his position as a homeowner, and his perspectives on how to move forward balancing student and resident concerns. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Bruce Larson is a civilian working for the Department of Defense (Navy) as the Senior Archaeologist and Cultural Resources Branch Head for Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC). Mr. Larson speaks about his education, career, the value of interdisciplinary methodology when working with cultural resources, and the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview as well as a copy of Mr. Larson's curriculum vitae.","Mr. McGurk is a media correspondent for Kingsmill United. He speaks on how he came to Williamsburg, his experience as a Kingsmill resident, and the history of Kingsmill. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Tyler Morris currently lives at Fred Boelt's childhood home and sheds some light on how the property is used today and what the surrounding neighborhood is like. Tyler discusses her experience with the property, the neighborhood, the three-person rule, and Williamsburg in general. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Amanda Morrow currently lives at CityGreen Apartments on Richmond Rd. and currently violates the three-person rule. She discusses her previous housing in Williamsburg, her reasons for moving off-campus, her current living situation, and the three-person rule more broadly. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Samuel Powell is a retired judge who discusess his work witht he Powhatan statue outside the courthouse and the Atlantic community concept that should be completed with two additional statues in the newr future. He speaks of the history of James City County courthouses as well as his involvement with Anheuser-Busch when he worked in private practice as a lawyer in Williamsburg, VA. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Caroline Raschbaum speaks about her experiences being born and growing up in a household with two opposing religions, finding a passion for Judaism at a young age, Judaism in Williamsburg, the concept of diaspora, and safe spaces for Jews in Williamsburg. The folder contains an index and transcript for the interview.","Folder contains maps and written reports.","The folder contains a research paper on hispanic communities in Williamsburg as well as an adult student registration form and a document from William and Mary written in Spanish.","The folder contains a research paper on the exstence of homelessness in relation to Williamsburg, Virginia's tourist economy.","The folder contains a research paper on protesters in Williamsburg as well as an NAACP brochure, copies of posters for Black Lives Matter, a message on a task force on Preventing Sexual Assult and Harrassment, a program for the Lemon Project Spring Symposium titled \"Ghosts of Slavery: The Afterlives of Racial Bondage\", and a CD.","The folder contains a research paper on bicycling in Williamsburg, a series of printed emails on bicycling in Williamsburg, a pamphlet for the ride cycling club at the YMCA, a series of printed letters requesting interviews, The Williamsburg, James City, and York regional bicycle facilities plan from 1997, printed slides from March 26, 2015 WATA Transit Riders Advisory Committee, amap of James City County, a pamphlet for BikeBeat, the Flying Wheel newsletter from April 2015, several more pamphlets on where to ride bikes in the area, and a syllabus for a class on bicycling basics from William and Mary.","The folder contains a research paper on public housing in Williamsburg, a copy of an application for admission to the public housing system, and a copy of a residential lease agreement that all tenants of the WRHA musst sign.","The folder contains a research paper on the influence of bus drivers on their students.","The folder contains a research paper on food security in Grove, Virginia.","Mr. Briggs speaks about growing up in Williamsburg, his medical diagnosis that left him unable to work, and his residence in public housing, specifically the Katherine Circle Apartments. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Ms. Burton works for the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA) and speaks on the mission of the WRHA, the process of applying to public housing with the WRHA, how the lease works, and her feelings on the structure of the public housing system. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Lamar Gray is a 21-year old man who grew up and currently resides in Grove. He speaks on how he ate when he was a wrestler, how he eats now, how he eats healthy, and how he thinks about food. The folder contains an index of the interview.","Ms. Heard speaks about her childhood in \"White City\", her various professions, her relationship with Colonial Williamsburg, and her experiences as a union organizer and protestor. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Terry Jones is a resident of a public housing complex managed by the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA). They speak about their life history and experiences with housing. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Dorcas Juarez discusses her life in Williamsburg at church, at work, and about the challenges and discrimination that comes from speaking little English. She also speaks about her family, the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is primarily in Spanish. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview, both in English.","Fred Liggin is a pastor at the Williamsburg Christian Church and the founder and president of 3E Restoration which uses mutual relationships to equip and empower homeless individuals to transition to self-sufficiency in everyday life. Mr. Liggin speaks about poverty and homelessness in Williamsburg, his hope for creating systemic change, and his belief that college students can/ have a powerful voice in changing the conversation surrounding homelessness. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Grace Martien discusses riding the Williamsburg James City County school bus from when she began middle school in 2006  through her senior year of high school. She mainly speaks about her interactions and relationships with bus drivers and the social stratification evident on the bus itself. The folder contains an index and transcript of the summary.","Reed Nester is the director of City Planning and discusses how he has changed bicycling in Williamsburg over the last 20 years, his daily commute to and from work, and his involvement with planning out bicycle paths and lanes in Williamsburg. The folder contains a summary, index, and transcript of the interview.","Robert and Sharon own a bike shop called Red Barn Bikes in New Kent County. They discuss their time biking in Williamsburg, their beilief that James City County is not working with bicyclists, their belief that Capital Trail is essential to growing the biking community, and the reasons they opened up their bicycle shop. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Sam Smith speaks about Williamsburg's Office of Real Estate Assessment, the city's property values, and how those values are assigned. The folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","Brenda Tejada discusses her life in Williamsburg at work, with systems like social services, and the overall difficulties she faces from being Latino. She talks about her family the Latino community, and her journey from El Salvador to Williamsburg. The interview is in both English and Spanish. The folder contains an index (in English) and a transcript (in a mix of English and Spanish) of the interview.","Rich Thompson discusses his time bicycling in Williamsburg, his involvement with cyclists at the College of William and Mary. He also speaks about his personal reasons for commuting to and from work via bicycle each day. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mary Turnbull is a bicyclist in Williamsburg and a founding member of the Williamsburg Area Bicyclists. Miss. Turnbull speaks about her experiences commuting between her home in York County and her job as a librarian at Lafayette High School and the importance of bike safety. The folder contains a summary and index of the interview.","Mrs. Little is a historian and daughter of Reverend Archibald F. Ward, Jr. who advocated on behalf of the displaced citizens of Magruder.","Corinne Garland spoke about her work at Williamsburg Preschool for Special Children, her experiences at Child Development Resources, and educational legislation concerning children with disabilities in public schools. This folder contains an index and transcript of the interview.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Andrew Cotman and was indexed by Marriya Schwarz with audio management by Nicholas DeAtley. The interview was later transcribed by Nicholas DeAtley, Marriya Schwarz, and Andrew Cotman. The interview took place during the afternoon of 3/15/18 in the third floor 311 classroom of the College of William and Mary American Studies building, located on 114 North Boundary Street Apt Williamsburg, VA 23185, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. There was a little interference due to an AC unit turning on and off which may have obstructed slightly the clearness and volume of Ms. Bell's voice. Also, there was an interference early on in the interview because Ms. Bell's microphone detached from her jacket. During the interview, Barbara Bell discussed her experiences in various school systems, like Richmond Public Schools, Fairfax County Public Schools, Department of Defense Schools, and the Medina City School District, during her 35 years of teaching. She reflected on her experiences teaching students with varying socioeconomic statuses. Throughout the interview, she made references to the power of having diversity throughout the classroom, and the joy that she has gained from teaching. Towards the end of the interview, she discussed her work with homeless student populations and a program that she created, called Diversity-In-Actions that promotes knowledge of African-American culture. For clarity, the transcribers have eliminated ever \"um\" and \"uh\" from the transcription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Dr. Byrd-Poller on Tuesday, February 20th, 2018 in the upstairs classroom in the\ncollege apartments. Besides two brief distractions (one from a man hoping to print some papers\nand the other when we needed to get Dr. Byrd-Poller some water), the interview continued\nuninterrupted. We began by discussing her own experience growing up in the Williamsburg-\nJames City County school system and her children's experiences and how practices have\nchanged over time. We then began discussion of her twisting career path that eventually led her\nto her current position as Director of Human Resources at Thomas Nelson Community College.\nOne topic that was particularly relevant throughout the interview was the issue of diversity in her\nown schooling experience, her children's, and today as she plays a large role in hiring\nprospective staff.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Shainir Bearfield and was indexed by Nicholas DeAtley with\naudio management done as well by Nicholas DeAtley. Nicholas DeAtley and Shainir Bearfield\nlater transcribed the interview together. The interview took place at 3:30 p.m. of March 23rd of\n2018, at the Land Tech Resources Inc. building located on 3925 Midlands road located in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia 23188 using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of\nthe interview is very clear and all audio equipment worked extremely well. Interviewed was Lisa\nOwnby who serves as the Vice Chair of the Williainsburg James City County School board. She\nis also appointed as head of the special education advisory committee within the school board\nsystem. During the interview Lisa Ownby discusses how her relationship with her brother\nunfortunately suffering from numerous disabilities impacted her life choices and career path.\nThroughout the interview she discusses her early volunteering with Special Olympics eventually\nleading to her eventual work at Child Development Resources funded by the U.S. Department of\nEducation. Lisa Ownby in this interview offers her point of view on several facets of the\nWilliainsburg James City County Public school system. First and foremost she offers her\nperspective on funding of special education on a local, state and national level. This interview\nwas an excellent way to see how those working within the school board view the production of\nthe special education system and of what issues are taking place in the system in regards to\nfunding. Throughout this interview for clarity, the transcribers have eliminated \"um\" and \"uh\"\nfrom the transcription.","The content of this note came from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Jennifer Albarracin at the William and Mary Barnes and Noble on Saturday, April\n7. We were originally meeting to interview Elias Martinez, a father of English Language\nLearning students in WJCC schools. However, by some miscommunication, even though he\narrived at the bookstore, we were never able to find each other. I'm guessing it was an issue with\nparking. After waiting an hour, I interviewed Jennifer. We discussed her own experience\ngrowing up in Fairfax, Virginia with the label of\"ESL\" and how it drove her towards academic\nsuccess because she wanted to leave behind the term \"ESL\" as an identifier. We also touched on\nher parents' interactions with the school system and how her relationship with her parents was\nstrained by communication barriers. Today, Jennifer is a William and Mary student, minoring in\nLatin American studies in order to learn more about her own roots. The background noise is\nrelatively loud throughout the interview, but the recording is still understandable. Although she\ndoes state her name as Jennifer Albarracin Moya in the recording, most of the time she goes by\nsolely her first last name, Albarracin, and so I decided to refer to her as Jennifer Albarracin after\nconsulting her preferences.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Dr. Barko-Alva on Wednesday, March 21 in Swem library in a group study lounge\non the first floor (this gives reference for the occasional muffled voices in the background).\nEarlier in the day weren't sure if the interview was going to happen because it was snowy, but\nwe did end up completing the interview. We discussed Dr. Barko-Alava's educational\nbackground, beginning with her high school experience in Peru to finishing high school in the\nU.S. and going on to succeed at the University of Florida. She began teaching English her junior\nyear of college and once she graduated, she worked in the local public-school system. Dr. Barko-Alva\nwent back to UF to earn her Master's and Ph.D, and finally found herself at William and\nMary. We also discussed her involvement in educational activist work in Virginia and her\nexperiences 'in the Williamsburg-James City County school system. There were a few sections of\nthe narrative that were removed at the request of the narrator for various reasons including a\nconfidential conversation Dr. Barko-Alva is not at liberty to reveal. However, none of the deleted\nsections were crucial to the narrative being recounted.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Laura Carver on Tuesday, March 20 at her office in Hornsby Middle School.\nUnfortunately, a small portion of the oral history was lost because the voice recorder's memory\ncard filled up, and I did not notice it until after she was done responding to my question.\nHowever, the unrecorded section could not have been much longer than two or three minutes.\nMs. Carver is an English as a Second Language teacher in the WJCC school system and has been\nsince 2015, so we began the interview with a brief overview of her day-to-day interactions with\nEnglish Language Leaners and their parents. We also discussed her educational background and\nher experience working as a missionary and how both impact her interpretation of her role as an\nESL teacher. We ended the interview discussing the challenges of ESL education, specifically in\nthe local area, faced by the ELL students, their teachers, their families and guardians, and WJCC\nschool system .and a few possible ways to better address those challenges in the future. There\nwere three separate sections that were removed at the request of the Ms. Carver and they are\nnoted in the transcript. Nothing crucial to the slory line of her narrative was lost by these\ndeletions.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I sent these questions sent to Dr. Patricia Tilghman by email, which explains the odd formatting\nof this document. Her responses follow each bolded question. Dr. Tilghman gave me an\noverview of the ESL program in WJCC schools as well as information about her own\nbackground in ESL education. She also discussed a few of the largest challenges WJCC schools\nface in engaging parents of ESL students. Informed consent was received through email. I have\nprinted that out, along with a Deed of Gift.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and later indexed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place \nduring the evening of 4.4.18 at the College of William \u0026 Mary's Swem Library in Group Study\nRoom 235, using a Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is\nfairly clear. There is some interference due to people talking and playing music loudly over in\nthe next room. During the interview, Alexis Brender A. Brandis discussed her experiences as an\nathlete. She has been involved with Track \u0026 Field, gymnastics, and Tae Kwon Do. She went on\nto discuss some of her experiences as a current member of the College of William \u0026 Mary's\nTrack \u0026 Field team. She reflected on her experiences with various Williamsburg-James City\nCounty Schools and discussed different experiences with teachers. Towards the end of the\ninterview, she discussed her relationship with her family, namely her unofficial \"adoptive\nbrother,\" Ramon, her experiences so far as a sophomore at the College of William \u0026 Mary, and\nher experiences with having a connection to both the Williamsburg community and the College.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz and indexed by Brenna Cowardin. The\ninterview was later transcribed by Marriya Schwarz. The interview took place during the evening\nof 4/12/18 in front of theater at the Williamsburg Regional Library on Scotland Street, using a\nZoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall, the quality of the interview is fairly clear, but the\nvolume is somewhat low. There is some interference due to people filing in and out of the\nWilliamsburg Library, but the audio still can be heard. During the interview, Sylvia Shearin\nWillis discussed her experiences with education within Williamsburg-James City County\nSchools, primarily her experiences with Bruton Heights School and later James Blair High\nSchool after integration in 1966. She reflected on the differences between the two schools. She\nalso discussed her experiences with the different teaching at both schools and minority teaching.\nTowards the end of the interview, she also discussed her experiences with historically black\ncolleges, as well as the educational experiences of her two daughters. For clarity and as\nrequested by the narrator, the transcriber has eliminated every \"um,\" \"uh,\" and \"like\" from the\ntranscription.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Shamir Bearfield at Swem Library, located rather centrally on the William and Mary campus, in group study room 118. This room is located on the quieter side of the first floor of Swem, and we were therefore able converse without interruption throughout the interview. The interview focused on Shamir's educational experiences growing up, particularly his movement from public to private school and the influence of football on his academic career. We also discussed his transition from a public middle school to a private high school and how that better prepared him for college at William and Mary.","The content of this note comes directly from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Marriya Schwarz with Nicholas DeAtley indexing during the interview. Marriya Schwarz later transcribed the entire interview. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/6/18 in the College Apartments where the American Studies Department is located at the College of William \u0026 Mary in Williamsburg, VA. During the interview, Andrew Cotman discussed his experiences growing up in Henrico, Virginia. He described his experience with education starting from elementary school to now, where he is currently a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. For clarity, I have eliminated every \"um\" and \"uh.\"","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","The interview with Brenna Cowardin was recorded on a Tuesday afternoon in a group study room in Earl Greg Swem Library on the William \u0026 Mary Campus. Other than our voices, the room was quiet because the door was closed. The room was lined with windows in Brenna's line of sight, which showed students walking around study tables and talking. The only other person in the room was the indexer, Shamir Bearfield. Brenna has a passion education, especially for students who are learning English as a Second Language (ESL). Brenna talks about her interest in education as she reflects on her own experience in the Harrisonburg city public schools in Virginia. Although she has no current plans for entering the educational field, she hopes to use her acquisition of the Spanish language to bridge the gaps for these students and their families in the American public education system.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Nicholas DeAtley in a classroom on the third floor of the William and Mary College Apartments building. Nicholas provides a brief yet, enlightening account of his life history. Nicholas discusses a wonderful history of his upbringing from being born in Colombia and brought to the United States at a very young age, to his wonderful childhood with his adoptive family, and his aspirations to play sports in college.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Marriya Schwarz in the third floor 311 classroom of the William and Mary American Studies academic building, located on 114 North Boundary St. Williamsburg, VA 23185. This was my first time interviewing with the Zoom H-1 Handy Voice Recorder. Overall the quality of the interview is very clear, however the volume of the interview was a little low. This was Marriya's first time being interviewed so she was a little nervous despite some nerves, overall the interview went very well and was very natural. Marriya discusses in the interview where she is from and her upbringing. Detailed are her experiences growing up in Herndon, Virginia with her sister as well as her transition to high school where she excelled in many extracurricular activities. As a high school senior she also detailed many of her experiences transitioning from high school to college and the nerve wrecking college decision process that many seniors go through so often. Throughout my transcript I have decided to remove the majority of non-verbal utterances such as \"uh\" and \"um\" because it does not represent by my opinion an important aspect of Marriya's speaking style. I also felt it hindered the fluidity of the transcript as it occurred throughout the interview quite often. Marriya is a very academically focused person, who has garnered some very highly regarded awards from her scholastic work. Her ultimate goal is to become a screenwriter and intends to follow that passion after she graduates from the College of William and Mary.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Robert Braxton in the College Apartments, which is located on Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA, in the office of the Williamsburg Documentary Project.  Mr. Braxton was very engaged with the topic and welcoming of any questions that we had for him.  He began his interview by drawing out a revised version of a map of the Triangle, which we drew a copy of.  Having grown up in the area surrounding the Triangle, Mr. Braxton had a valuable perspective on the area.  We covered topics regarding the businesses that were located on the Triangle, how the redevelopment project occurred, and the progress that Williamsburg is making today, in addition to Mr. Braxton's experience on City Council.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Steve Harris in College Apartments 5a, overlooking the businesses and traffic at the corner of Prince George Street and South Boundary Street. It was a nice day out and we were lucky that Mr. Harris, who was visiting from Michigan where he now spends much of his time, had lent of his limited time in Williamsburg to the WDP's research of the Triangle Block. The conversation spanned the pre-redevelopment, redevelopment, and post-redevelopment periods of the Triangle's history, starting from Mr. Harris's days at Marshall-Wythe Law School. Mr. Harris brought with him a series of printed-out aerial photographs of the Triangle which he refers to multiple times during the interview.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Samantha and I interviewed Mr. Parker in one of the conference rooms on the first floor of College Apartments. He brought along a large binder full of documents that he allowed us to make copies of later, so there are times throughout the recording and transcript that he pauses to look at his materials or pull out a piece for our use. We discovered him through his association with the Society of Friends of African American History, the group responsible for the monument at the Triangle, so a lot of our focus was on that. He also shared his personal feelings about redevelopment and other issues surrounding the history of African Americans in Williamsburg. Early in the interview, there is some confusion over where Mr. Parker was to sign on the informed consent form, so there are pauses as we examined the form.","The content of this note is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I, Kandace Kimber, and Francie Zidonis interviewed Tony Conyers in Adriene's office in the College Apartments. Unfortunately, the room wasn't sound proof and there were renovations being done in the hallway so there is some background noise that can be heard in recording. Conyers is a native to Williamsburg and has spent majority of his career in both local and federal government. During the interview we discuss his upbringing and adulthood in Williamsburg, his experience developing new initiatives for the citizens in the city, and what he envisions for Williamsburg and James City County in the future.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed former City Councilman Scott Foster in one of the offices on the second floor of the college apartments. It was a very comfortable and casual atmosphere and I believe Mr. Foster had no trouble expressing himself in that environment. Scott Foster was a former student at the College of William \u0026 Mary ('10) and the first student to be elected to the Williamsburg City Council serving from 2010-2018. He has now retired from the City Council and resides in Skipwith Farms with his wife, working at a local law firm. We spoke a lot about Foster's time at the college (as well as, the law school), affordability in Williamsburg, and his overall passion for the city.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","We interviewed Roy Gerardi and Tyrone Franklin in a small office in the Municipal Building, located at 401 Lafayette Street, on Friday, April 12. Mr. Gerardi could not stay for the duration of the interview, but before he was called out, he discussed his role in the Williamsburg Redevelopment and Housing Authority (WRHA), some of the programs available for low-income residents, and what he terms the \"five-fold reality\" of poverty. During his half of the interview, Mr. Franklin, the newly hired executive director for the WRHA, spoke about his experiences with affordable housing in his previous roles and his plans for Williamsburg moving forward.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Albert and Liz Johnson in the living room of their home in the BrookHaven neighborhood, which is located off of Ironbound road in James City County. While both Al and Liz participated in the interview, only Al wore a microphone so many of Liz's contributions are quiet or difficult to hear. I have done my best to transcribe them accurately, but some of her comments were indistinguishable due to the distance. The Johnsons seemed happy to welcome us into their home and to speak with us about Brookhaven. They have participated in the Williamsburg Documentary Project in the past and are experienced interviewees among American Studies students. During the interview the Johnsons showed us plans for the neighborhood, documents from Al's restaurant career, and photographs of their restaurant. We discussed the history and milieu of Brookhaven and Al's role as a founder of the neighborhood and a local entrepreneur.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Mr. Small in a conference room in the Public Works and Utilities department of the Williamsburg Municipal Building, located off of Lafayette Street in Williamsburg, Virginia. Mr. Small is a Williamsburg native and the current city engineer. His father worked in city planning in Williamsburg and James City County as well, helping to develop neighborhoods like Newtown and Fords Colony. As someone who has lived here for almost his entire life, Mr. Small has developed an extensive interest in the history of the development of Williamsburg. Our interview covers a number of topics, including why Williamsburg and the surrounding areas began to expand and develop in the eighties and nineties, moving into the history of various neighborhoods and areas, and finishing with a better understanding about how various aspects of the environment affect the way the city is developed. Throughout the course of the interview, there are various references to Google Maps, which Mr. Small was showing us on a projector, and to a smaller map in the room of Williamsburg with the understanding that it looks like a turkey.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Kandace Kimber in one of the Swem Library study rooms on the first floor (room 134C). The room was noticeably brighter than many of the surrounding rooms and areas and did somewhat disturb the individuals in the room. Kandace is a senior at the College and a Virginia native coming from Petersburg, VA. We spoke a lot about her living situation and went into great detail about her plans for the future. Kandace had a very relaxed demeanor and if she was nervous for the interview, one could not tell. A variety of topics were touched on during the interview concerning Kandace's personal life goals, about which she seemed very keen to talk about.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Ms. Resha in her office in the College Apartmnets, located on South Boundary Street in Williamsburg, VA. This is a practice interview for class, my second time every interviewing someone and my first time leading an interview on my own. Ms. Resha is 24 years old and a graduate student in the American Studies department, and the Teaching Assistant for our class. She studies Arab and Muslim representation in comic books. We discussed her research to some extent, but also focused a lot on her sense of what home has meant to her at varying points in her life. Ms. Resha considers herself to be \"from\" Florida, but has also lived in a number of places like Alabama, Charlottesville, VA, and Williamsburg.","The content of this note comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Brenna Thanner in a Swem library study room (134c), adjacent to the computer lab. We were the first in our group to interview. The room we were in was a comfortable size but the fluorescent overhead lights were extremely bright and hot. In the interview, I primarily ask Brenna about her family home in Jacksonville, Florida and her experiences in Williamsburg.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Francie Zidonis in College Apartments (114 N Boundary Street) room 224 the evening of Sunday, February 24th, 2019. By the time we had finished this interview, it was dark outside. The narrator, indexer, and myself had each already participated in two other practice interviews prior to conducting this interview. There is no remarkable outside noise; however, there are occasionally moments when laughter overwhelms the interview. We discussed Francie's hometown, Columbus, Ohio, and Williamsburg, often the College of William \u0026 Mary specifically, among other things.","The content of this note was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Ava Coles discussed her childhood growing up in rural Virginia and the changes that came when her family moved to Charlottesville. She talks about her relationship with her family and siblings as well as her community at large.  Special interest is paid to the impacts of her education and upbringing and the impacts they have had on her life as an adult.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Austin Curtis and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took place on the afternoon of April 14, 2021 over Zoom. Janet Cummings describes the ways in which she has adjusted the efforts of the Relief Society of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Williamsburg to strengthen bonds of sisterhood among Latter-day Saint women.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Hallie Feinman. The\ninterview took place on the morning of 2/8/21 via Zoom. Austin Curtis discussed his childhood\ngrowing up as the son of two diplomats. He talks about the various places he lived as well as his\nrelationship with his siblings and why he chose to attend William \u0026 Mary.","Description comes from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jasmine Geonzon and was indexed by Maeve Quigley. The\nentire interview was not transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 4/26/2021 over\nZoom. Ms. Davis discussed her experiences as a patron and employee of the Williamsburg\nRegional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the WRL's response to\nthe COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This oral history was conducted by Austin Curtis who later indexed and used happyscribe.com to transcribe the interview. This interview occurred at noon on February 8th, 2021 in Ava Cole's Personal Zoom Meeting Room. Hallie Feinman talks about her childhood and dissociative disorder. A condition which as she describes it as feeling like \"watching someone else pantomime through life [like] you,\" (03:40). Hallie Feinmen also addresses how COVID quarantines have affected her mental health.","Description taken from headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Maeve Quigley and was indexed by Jasmine Geonzon. The\nentire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of\n4/12/2021 over Zoom. Ms. Fowler discussed her life and work history, her role as the director of\nthe Williamsburg Regional Library, the library's role in the Williamsburg community, and the\nWRL's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Amy Nadel and Johnette Weaver with Colleen Rodgers indexing. The interview took place virtually via Zoom video conferencing software in the afternoon of 4/30/21. All involved were sitting in their homes. Mrs. Weaver both helped interview her mother and served as another narrator by interjecting at times to provide helpful context to what Mrs. Gordon was saying. Mrs. Gordon discusses growing up in Magruder then moving to Highland Park, both Black neighborhoods. She shares her impressions of being a part of her Church community, going to segregated Bruton Heights School, being married to a Marine, and her desire to give her children as many educational opportunities as possible. Also, she shares her opinion of how Highland Park has changed over time and the impact of Covid 19 on her life.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Austin Curtis. The interview\ntook place on the morning of April 28, 2021 over Zoom. Tawanda Hammond describes the ways\nin which she started operating her own decorative cake shop at a young age and moved around\nlocations before ending up in Williamsburg. Hammond describes the ways her business was\nforced to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic and the adversities that she faced. Hammond\nalso discusses the community of Williamsburg, and how it can improve on being more inclusive.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this exercise, Jasmine Geonzon interviews Ron Littman with assistance from Sol Gallego-Garcia, who indexed the interview as it was taking place. The interview took place in the afternoon of 2/10/2021, as each Ron, Jasmine, and Sol were each in their respective homes, meeting over a recorded Zoom session. Here, Ron Littman discusses growing up in Williamsburg, having an unconventional school trajectory, and current college life. This transcription was created with the help of Otter.ai with necessary adjustments made for accuracy.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Ava Coles. The interview took\nplace on the afternoon of 2/25/21 over Zoom. Hatley Mason discussed his difficult decision to\nclose Mermaid Books, which he ran for over eleven years.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview of Amy Nadel was conducted by Colleen Rodgers and indexed by Maeve Quigley\non Sunday, February 7, 2021, at 3:40pm. The interview took place virtually due to the impact of\nthe COVID-19 pandemic and was done over Zoom, but Ms. Nadel was located in her room in an\noff-campus house. In the interview, Ms. Nadel discusses her experience of living abroad during\nthe onset of the pandemic in March of 2020.","Description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Hallie Feinman indexing. The interview\ntook place virtually via Zoom at 5:00pm on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. In the interview, Macie\nOsborn, the mother of two sons currently enrolled in Williamsburg-James City County (WJCC)\nPublic Schools, discusses her experience with online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.\nShe details the experiences of each of her sons, one in elementary school and one in middle\nschool, and expresses gratitude for WJCC's ability to adapt to an ever-changing pandemic-era\nworld.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Maeve Quigley on Zoom. She was in her on-campus dorm room, while I was in\nmy off campus room. It was a cloudy, rainy day. Maeve seemed relaxed and ready to speak to us\nabout her experience moving to different places while growing up because she was smiling\nthroughout. She explained how living in three different regions within Virginia shaped her life.\nMaeve was 21 years old during the interview.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Miss Rodgers over Zoom. Miss Rodgers was excited to describe how her family\nhistory shared interesting parallels with John Steinbeck's East of Eden . She gave some\nbackground on the book before delving into her own family's stories, including some funny\nstories passed down from her grandparents and older relatives.","The description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Hallie Feinman with Colleen Rodgers indexing. This interview took place virtually over Zoom on Thursday, April 22nd, at 7 PM. The interview was roughly thirty minutes long. In the interview, local community college student Savannah Merriman talked about her time as a high school senior during the beginning of COVID-19 and her subsequent experiences with graduation, community college, and different communities in her life. Towards the latter half of the interview, Savannah spends time talking about her experiences with social media.","Description taken from headnote created by interview team.","This interview was conducted by Lauren White and indexed by Michelle Lelièvre. The interview\ntook place on the afternoon of April 21, 2021 over Zoom. Michelle Lelièvre was in Richmond.\nLauren White was in Williamsburg. Monique Sowell (MS1) and Michelle Seiling (MS2) were in\nthe office of the Hound's Tale in Williamsburg. Sowell and Seiling discuss their relationship with\nAromas Cafe, how they reacted to the early stages of the pandemic, and the adversities they\nfaced. They also discuss the different programs they received financial aid from, as well as\nbusiness plans for the upcoming future.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","I interviewed Bishop David Trichler over Zoom. Bishop Trichler about becoming Bishop of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) in Williamsburg, how his congregation adjusted to COVID health protocols, and his own personal relationship with the Mormon faith.","The description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Colleen Rodgers with Amy Nadel indexing. The interview took\nplace virtually via Zoom at 8:00pm on Tuesday, April 13, 2021. In the interview, Bruton High\nSchool senior Cate Westenberger discusses her life in Williamsburg. She describes her public\nschool experience prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as her experience with\nextracurricular activities such as sports and her job at Wythe Candy in Colonial Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles and indexed by Lauren White. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/16/21 over Zoom. Becki Wildenburger discussed her engagement with House of Mercy as a Housing Navigator, personal motivations, and House of Mercy's relationship with the Williamsburg community. Ms. Wildenburger detailed the landscape of affordable housing in Williamsburg and discussed how her role has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.","This interview was conducted by Ava Coles on April 19th, 2021 over Zoom. Ms. Wolosynowski discussed the origins of the Williamsburg House of Mercy and her experience as the founder and executive director. During COVID-19, she forged critical community coalitions to further the mission of her organization and served the Williamsburg community through impressive food and housing services.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this roundtable interview, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation employees Adam Canaday, Janice Canaday, and Paul Undra Jeter join the Director of Engagement at the Muscarelle Museum and visual artist Steve Prince and discuss the memorialization of African American history in Williamsburg, representation in the arts, local and national resistance to historical truth-telling, and visions for honoring African American ancestors. The Canadays discuss how being descendants of the first Black families of Williamsburg shaped both their careers as interpreters of African American history in CW. They also detail the legacy of Black labor in Williamsburg and express their frustrations with current obstacles to include African American representations in museums. Mr. Prince discusses his role as a visual artist, how he incorporates tragic histories within beautiful images, the power of visual representation, and how the lack of African American representation in public spaces harms the community. The narrators ask each other questions and relate their experiences throughout their discussion since this was the first time the CW employees met Steve Prince and the interviewers. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Jamie Carkenord on April 20, 2022, at the Colonial Williamsburg Interpreters Office located at 427 Franklin Street in Williamsburg, VA. In the roundtable, Zabinski references the conversations she previously had with other community members who share local history with the roundtable participants. The roundtable interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: The Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Jamie Carkenord and was indexed by Katherine Zabinski. The interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the morning of 1/28/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Clark discussed her life story moving across the country multiple times, what her childhood was like, and her college experience as an American Studies major.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Jamie Carkenord discusses how and why she chose to pursue an undergraduate degree in American Studies and how the program has influenced her life. Carkenord describes how she chose American Studies because the interdisciplinary elements that allow her to study many topics and choose her own specialization of her interests. She explains how her mother also majored in American studies and how her mother's descriptions of history departments discouraged her from majoring in history. In American Studies, Carkenord found ease in both completing classes and scheduling new ones. Carkenord discusses how her major has increased her interest in Black American history and overall histories of minority groups in the United States, which have been the most rewarding features of her degree work. Carkenord's journey in American studies has changed the way she views social, political, legal, and economic factors of American society and she states that she continues to look for why historical events happen and who made them occur.","This description is taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Teresa Clark. The interview took place on the afternoon of 04/22/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Cleveland discussed her journey as an artist in places like Chicago, Arizona, Williamsburg, and more. She discussed her artistic medium, the themes she draws on, and how her Williamsburg public art sculptures came to be. Ms. Cleveland also embeds her perspective on Williamsburg's public art scene in a story about coming back to the town herself and becoming a mother.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Christopher Custalow (a citizen of the Oklahoma Cherokee Nation),\nKody Grant (a citizen of the Pueblo of Isleta and a descendant of the Eastern Band of Cherokee\nIndians), and Martin Saniga (a citizen of the Saponi Tribe out of Person County, North Carolina\nand Halifax County, Virginia) discuss their experiences working as American Indian interpreters\nin the tourism industry and the evolution of Indigenous representation in Colonial Williamsburg.\nThe narrators share information about their personal journeys with their cultural identities, the\ndifficulties and rewards about their career, and their hopes for the expansion of American Indian\nprogramming at Colonial Williamsburg.\nThis interview was conducted by Alison Walsh, and it was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire\ninterview was transcribed. The interview took place during the morning of 04/19/2022 on a\nZoom call.","This description was taken from a headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted, transcribed and indexed by Teresa Clark, The interview took place on the afternoon of 02/18/2022 at the city Municipal Buildings. Williamsburg Public Art Council members and Tourism Development specialist and WPAC staff liaison Joanna Skrabala discussed their role on the council, their view of public art, and the WPAC's work.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Rev. Dr. Julie Grace discusses how her involvement in the Historic First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, VA throughout her childhood led to her career as a minister and her dedication to preserving African American history. She details her family's history living in Williamsburg and working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, her experiences going to segregated schools, and how many Black residents view the tourism districts differently with their ancestors' dispossessions in mind. Dr. Grace describes how her ancestors' 19th-century lives as successful Black business and landowners along Duke of Gloucester Street, like Alexander Dunlop, and the overall prosperity of the African American community in Williamsburg are neglected histories that need to be commemorated in the city's physical landscape. She also expresses her personal thoughts on memorialization of African American history in the Colonial Capital of Virginia. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Katherine 'Kate' Zabinski and indexed by her classmate Karissa McDonald on April 25, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Zabinski references the roundtable discussion she previously conducted with other community members who share local history with Dr. Grace. The interview was completed for an oral history research project in AMST 410: the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person at the Williamsburg Regional Library in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia during the afternoon of April 28th, 2022. This interview was conducted\nby Kirsten Knisely, and it was indexed by Alison Walsh. Robert Haas was the narrator. Mr. Haas\ndescribed his work as the Director of Program Services at the library. This job allows for him to\nplan and coordinate the live performing arts performances within the library theater. Mr. Haas\ndiscussed the history of performing arts at the library, the role of performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, funding and financial situation of the arts in Williamsburg, and his successes and\nfailures within his job. He also discusses the role of the college and tourism in the success of the\nlibrary. He also discusses the importance of increasing diversity. The interview was recorded\nusing a Zoom audio recording device. The interview was just under an hour.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Williamsburg resident Neill Hollands describes his job as the president\nof the Board of Directors for the Williamsburg Players. Mr. Hollands has been working with the\nWilliamsburg Players for 10 years.. The Players are a non-profit community theater group that\nruns completely out of their theater on Hubbard Lane. The group typically puts on 12 shows a\nyear that are funded by donations, support from the city, and ticket sales. Hollands discusses the\nfinancial situation of the Players and how COVID-19 impacted in-person activities. The\ninterview continues on to discuss the community building aspect of community theater. He\ndescribes how the theater community is very well-loved among the older community within\nWilliamsburg. Hollands discusses the importance of diversity within the Performing arts world,\nand how the Williamsburg Players work to increase diversity, but ultimately sruggle. This\ninterview was completed as a part of Kirsten Knisely's research project on Performing arts in\nWilliamsburg, Virginia. Knisely conducted the interview in-person using zoom audio recording\ntools. The interview took place on April 24th, 2022 at the James-York Playhouse, where the\nWilliamsburg Players are based. This project is associated with the American Studies program,\nand will complete the AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelievre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Kirsten Knisely her early childhood and high school years. She\ndescribes her family life and speaks about people she admires. Kirsten grew up in Arlington,\nVirginia and in the interview, she speaks on her high school experience and friendships. Kirsten\ndetails some core memories as well as fandoms she was involved in high school and her beliefs\nin the tooth fairy and Santa. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410:\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted and indexed by Alison Walsh. The entire interview was\ntranscribed using Zoom Video Communications. The interview took place on the\nmorning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Ms. Luck describes her life history, including growing\nup in rural North Carolina, grappling with differing viewpoints from her family and\ncommunity, attending the College of William \u0026 Mary, her passions for dance and history,\nand significant influences on her life.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by Alex Luck and was indexed by Alex Luck. The entire interview was transcribed using Word afterwards. The interview took place on the morning of 1/30/2022 over Zoom. Karissa McDonald discussed topics about different stages of her life, including International Schooling, her college experience, and her plans for graduation.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, former Williamsburg resident Jessika Weaver Miller (daughter of\nWilliamsburg activist Johnette Gordon Weaver and granddaughter of Highland Park resident\nMyrtle Gordon) describes her professional experiences in the U.S. Navy and in insurance work\nand education in Australia. She speaks about joining the Navy after attending the U.S. Naval\nAcademy and starting a family with her Australian husband in Australia. There, she developed\nan interest in local Indigenous cultures and decided to pursue teaching professionally. Miller\ndescribes her decision to teach in the Torres Strait, a remote northern island region populated by\nIndigenous communities. She talks about the challenges of cross-cultural teaching and working\nin a remote school with limited technological resources and low literacy rates, and her effort to\nstart a Navy Cadet program in the area. She then shifts to discuss her own educational experience\nin Williamsburg, Virginia, particularly at Jamestown High School, a majority-white school. She\nspeaks to her involvement with the First Baptist Church in Williamsburg and her relationship\nwith churches in Australia. The interview concludes with a discussion of her two elementary\nschool-aged children and her educational and social goals for them. This interview was\nconducted by undergraduate W\u0026M senior Jamie Carkenord on April 29, 2022 using the Zoom\nvideo conferencing platform. Jessika Miller was Zooming in from Thursday Island, Australia, so\nher local time was 9:00am on April 30th. This interview was completed as part of Carkenord's\nresearch project in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor\nMichelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted in-person by Teresa Clark and indexed by Katherine Zabinski at the Culture Fix building located at 410 Francis St. in Williamsburg, VA on the morning of 4/27/2022. Mrs. Wendy Miller discussed her experiences as a long-time resident of Williamsburg who captures local experiences as the director and photographer of Culture Fix.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","This interview was conducted by and indexed by Karissa McDonald. The entire interview was later transcribed using Otter.ai. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2021 over Zoom. Mr. Russell discussed his life and work history, his experiences with ghost stories, and the famous ghost stories of Williamsburg.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Martin Saniga, who identifies as Saponi, Native, and American, discusses how growing up in Newport News, Virginia with his white mother and adoptive white father initially made him feel removed from his Saponi culture. He gradually reclaimed his culture by involving himself and making a difference within the Indigenous community of the greater Williamsburg area. On top of his career, he works with an Indigenous youth culture camp and is the president of a nonprofit language revitalization consortium. Mr. Saniga describes his career path: first joining the Coast Guard, later working as a site supervisor for Jamestown Settlement, and now working as an interpreter and head of the American Indian Initiative for Colonial Williamsburg. Mr. Saniga answers questions about the public reception of recent American Indian programming, museum ownership of Indigenous objects, the migration history of the Saponi people, William \u0026 Mary's complicated relationship with the local Indigenous community, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on his work. \nThe interview was conducted by undergraduate students Alex Luck and Alison Walsh on February 24th, 2022 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was indexed by undergraduate students Kirsten Knisely and Karissa McDonald. The interview was completed for the Guest Interview assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","Within this interview on January 30th, 2022 at 10:15am, Kirsten Knisely interviews her peer Alison Walsh. After Alison approves consent to conduct the interview, Kirsten begins her questions. Throughout the interview, Kirsten asks Alison questions concerning her youth and growing up, particularly what she was interested in as a kid and throughout high school. Alison describes her passions for sports and extracurriculars. She also describes her family and their importance to her. Kirsten continues to ask Alison about her time at William and Mary, what she is involved in, and who she spends her time with. Alison talks about her participation in a multitude of extracurricular activities and talks about her closest friends in college. The interview then moves to discussing the future, where Alison describes her plans to be an environmental lawyer and potentially starting a family one day. At the end of the interview, Alison signs the deed of gift form.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, Ms. Johnette Weaver discusses how her personal history and education in Williamsburg, VA shaped her work as an advocate for social justice. She describes her family's arrival in Virginia in the late 17th century, their dislocations, and eventual establishment in Highland Park. Ms. Weaver explains her complicated relationship with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation alongside her pride in the work she has done as an interpreter there. She tells of her lifelong love of reading and of her choice to attend the historically Black college, Hampton University. Ms. Weaver discusses her social media manager position with Williamsburg Action, a social justice advocacy group that formed in 2020. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Katherine Zabinski and Teresa Clark on February 15, 2022, using the Zoom video conferencing platform. In the interview, Clark and Zabinski reference the background knowledge they received about Johnette Weaver from assignments conducted in their undergraduate course AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre. Both the class assignment observations and interview were completed for an assignment in AMST 410.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, William and Mary student Katherine Zabinski describes her upbringing in a\nmilitary family, how it exposed her to other cultures and helped inform her passion for American\nhistory, and also describes her path to the college and the love of hip hop DJing she picked up\nhere. Zabinski narrates her family's moves from California to Washington State to Virginia,\nwhere she has lived since middle school. She explains that she does not consider uprooting\nmultiple times a downside, except that she finds it awkward trying to describe where she is from.\nOn the contrary, she describes how living in multiple places exposed her to more diverse\nAmerican cultures, growing familiar with Native and Chicano communities in California,\nIndigenous and Asian-American communities in Washington, and Black communities along with\nother diverse cultures in Virginia. She describes moving to Virginia and the South as a culture\nshock, but enjoyed the diverse geographies along with the diverse cultures: the California\ndeserts, Washington mountains, and Virginia cotton and cornfields. Zabinski describes the roots\nof her interest in history and the way attending predominantly Black middle and high schools\nand becoming friends with Black women inspired her to learn more about African-American\nhistory and American history that acknowledges white supremacy. She narrates how she came to\nbe interested in William \u0026 Mary. Initially having thought to join the military or attend\ncosmetology school, it was her teachers who encouraged her to take summer classes in the\nNIAHD program at the college, causing her to fall in love with the campus and with colonial to\nrevolutionary American history—with Richmond as one focus. Zabinski closes the interview by\ndescribing the extracurricular she has most enjoyed at William and Mary: the SOUL students of\nhip hop legacy club. She describes her involvement in the executive and social media branches\nof the club, and the DJing she had the opportunity to on a large and small scale during her time\nhere.","This description was taken from the headnote created by the interview team.","In this interview, American Studies and Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies (GSWS)\nProfessor Leisa Meyer narrates their experience living in Williamsburg, Virginia, and the\nsurrounding areas as it pertains to the Queer community. Professor Meyer begins with detailing\ntheir life as a Professor at William and Mary, how much they care for their students and reform,\nand how they came to be a Professor and long-time resident of Williamsburg. They explain how\nthe surrounding areas of Williamsburg have a more lively Queer presence, and details some of\nthe history behind the notorious Gay/Lesbian bars in these more urbanized towns. Throughout\nthe interview, there are discussions of what qualifies as a Queer space, what Williamsburg and\nthe Queer community in the town can do to advance their presence in the Colonial city, and ends\nwith concluding remarks about Williamsburg as a whole.","This interview is conducted by Natalie Corsello and indexed by Emma Blackwood. The interview is transcribed by Abby Mendez (they/them). The interview took place in person in the Haven on April 16th at 11:00am. Liz Cascone discusses her background in terms of education and her journey leading up to their move to Williamsburg, as well as her thoughts on the difficulties of finding Queer community and spaces as a non-student, non-retiree in Williamsburg.","In this interview, Marcus Banks Jr. discusses his upbringing in the sports world and those who have positively influenced his journey as a basketball player. A native of the Williamsburg and Newport News areas, Banks begins by explaining who introduced him to the game of basketball and how he fell in love with it. He discusses his experience with basketball prior to college, transferring to different high schools, and the process by which he developed his skills on and off the court, as well as how he was able to overcome adversity. He speaks on what the game has meant to him throughout his life, the various coaches who have helped mold him into the young man he is today, and teammates he has had the pleasure of playing alongside. Finally, Marcus elaborates on the countless lessons, skills, and experiences that basketball has afforded him, and how these things can be applied to other areas of his life.","In the following oral history, John McGlennon, a Professor in Government at the College of\nWilliam \u0026 Mary and member of the Board of Supervisors of James City County, Virginia, discusses his\ninterest in politics as a youth, his education and activities at Fordham University and Johns Hopkins\nUniversity, and his participation in the Democratic Party in Williamsburg, Virginia. McGlennon explains\nhow his New York childhood and background as a first-generation college student sparked his initial\ninterest in politics, particularly in the Kennedy presidency. His increasing dissatisfaction with the Johnson\npresidency led McGlennon to become involved in the high school and college newspapers, which instilled\na belief in the consequence of journalism and academia as avenues for influencing politics. McGlennon\ndescribes his impressions of the First Congressional District of Virginia upon arriving in Williamsburg in\n1974, detailing his rise through the local Democratic Party from 1978 to 1981. Finally, he outlines his\n1982 strategy to campaign against then-State Senator Herb Bateman in the general election for the First\nCongressional District of Virginia, including how he solicited PAC funds, participated in\ncandidate-on-candidate debates, and the role of abortion in determining the final vote outcome.\nWilliamsburg Documentary Project student Caleb Fulford conducted the interview on April 2, 2024, at\n9:00 am with an Amcrest USB Microphone. Fulford and indexer Seth Novak reference the class\nassignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nProfessor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Lopez and was indexed by Abigail Swanberg. This interview was transcribed by Natalie Lopez. It took place on April 17, 2024 in Swem Room 168. Cecilia Weaver discusses her internship experience at Colonial National Historical Park, her other internships and jobs, and her time at William \u0026 Mary. Topics of this interview include interning, archaeology, Geographic Information System (GIS), public history, museum work, and interpretation.","In this interview, Sam Beavin discusses the culture of music in Williamsburg and how people participate in it. He begins with his background of growing up in Parkland, Florida, and what music is common to that area. He then speaks about his involvement in a student band, Halcyon Lane, and their interactions with other bands on campus. He mentions his influences and genre tastes, and how those compare to the music he plays for Halcyon Lane. He then goes on to describe the locations he has played at, such as the Meridian, the Amphitheater, Sadler Center, Merchants' Square, and on a float during the 2023 Homecoming Parade. He elaborates on the people who listen to him play and how they identify, specifically whether there are students or otherwise. Sam concludes that he is more connected to the William and Mary music community, though enjoys those connections and is content with them. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on April 7th, 2024, using Zoom H8 Digital Recorders in Earl Gregg Swem Library for the American Studies department Williamsburg Documentary Project.","Maureen Anderson was interviewed was by Abigail Swanberg. The interview was indexed by Joey Houska and Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 4/12/2024 in person at 3312 N Riverside Drive Lanexa 23089. The interview contains topics including family, stating a business, creating and running a farmer's market, self-sufficiency, farming, living in a historic house, and COVID-19.","This interview was conducted by Abigail Swanberg and indexed by Caleb Fulford and Gabe Dorsey. The interview occurred on April 26th, 2024, at 1:00 pm in Swem Library Room 118. This interview was conducted as part of the Williamsburg Documentary Project. Joey Houska is a senior at the College of William \u0026 Mary. They started and currently lead the Toano Walking Tour Project. This interview contains topics including revitalization efforts, community, William \u0026 Mary, walking arts, leadership, Ohio, and advocacy work.","In this interview, Abigail Swanberg discusses a condensed \"life history\", beginning with her life and family in Appomattox, Virginia, and continuing on to other topics such as her interest in football and participation in the marching band. She describes her high school experience under Covid-19 and how it differed from her introduction to college. Finally, she ponders her life goals and ultimate aspirations. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Seth Novak on January 28th, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Caleb Fulford discusses his upbringing and how his parents' relative youth and complex relationship impacted him as a child, as well as his relationship with his younger sisters. He also discusses the impact of his friendship with his current roommate Georgia, who he has been friends with since middle school. He describes how his learning difficulties in school encouraged him to join the debate team and, later, pursue a legal career. He also speaks about how his family's religious differences impacted his ideas about politics. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Natalie Lopez on January 30, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. This interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In this interview, Deja Williams discusses her upbringing and college experience. She describes where she is from, schools attended, the decision to come to William \u0026 Mary, and college extracurriculars, including improv comedy and the desire to play an intramural sport.","In this interview, Emma Blackwood discusses her upbringing in Richmond, VA and her experiences through private school preparing her for college. She describes how quarantine impacted her family, as well as her transition to William and Mary. Soon to be graduating, Emma Blackwood outlines her post-college plans for law school, especially in environmental justice advocacy. The interview was conducted by undergraduate student Anika Ahammad on January 29, 2024 using the Zoom video conferencing platform. The interview was completed for an assignment in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","In the following interview, Gabe Dorsey discusses his early childhood and how his parents instilled an unwavering dedication to work, discipline, and spirituality. Gabe recalls deriving his name from the biblical archangel Gabriel, who declared to the Virgin Mary that she had been selected to bear the Son of God and served as a touchstone throughout his upbringing. He describes attending church every Sunday with his immediate family—his mother, father, two older brothers, and grandparents—and values the faith he observed between his parents as a marital unit. Gabe also reflects on how family, early education, and recreational athletics led him to pursue and compete in collegiate basketball at the College of William \u0026 Mary. He credits his father, a former college basketball player, with inspiring him and emphasizing the academic benefits of such a sport. I completed the interview for an assignment in the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Gabe Dorsey and was indexed by Caleb Fulford. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the evening of 1/30/2024 over Zoom. Ms. Lopez gives a brief background on her hometown, upbringing, family life, and her ambitions as a motivated William and Mary student. She gives insight regarding her experiences being a kid from the west coast studying on the east coast, a young girl growing up in a Mexican household and a young woman discovering more and more about herself as she travels and grows through life. \"In the words of Walt Whitman, 'we all contain multitudes'\".","In this interview, Seth Novak discusses his experiences moving around Arlington, Virginia. He also talks about his family and the pets that his family has owned over the years, mostly cats. He talks about his experience volunteering at the Heritage Humane Society. Seth Novak also mentioned how he ended up at William \u0026 Mary, his current thoughts on being a senior who is graduating early, and his post-graduation plans.","In this interview, Laura Gonzalez Castro discusses her personal and professional life, their interaction, and what her work means to her. She describes her youth in Havana, Cuba, and how her experiences were similar and different from other citizens. She also discusses her immigration to the United States and the efforts that went into finding work here, bringing her family members, and how she ended up in Virginia. Gonzalez Castro then goes on to talk about her professional life in the Center for Child and Family Services, and how terminology can have a large impact on the clients she takes in, especially those considered \"undocumented\". Interest is also paid to her education in Cuba, as well as personal life, such as travels across Europe and domestically. The interview was conducted by undergraduate students Abby Mendez and Seth Novak on March 5th, 2024, using DGI microphones.","This Williamsburg Documentary Project guest interview was conducted in the dining area in the basement of First Baptist Church in Williamsburg, Virginia. Molly Robinson conducted the interview and Michelle Lelièvre indexed. Students enrolled in the WDP also attended and interacted with Mrs. Montgomery during the interview. Prior to sitting down with us, Mrs. Montgomery gave the class a tour of the historic First Baptist Church. This enriching tour took up much of our class period, so Mrs. Montgomery scheduled a follow-up oral history that took place on April 4, 2024. In this first interview, she discusses growing up in Winter Park, Florida, attending Hungerford High School in Eatonville, FL, traveling and performing with musician Bill Doggett, raising her daughter during her career as a musician, getting married and moving to Williamsburg, starting credit unions in the town, and entering various leadership positions, including Chairperson of the History Ministry at First Baptist Church. The recording is punctuated with sounds of a phone ringing (@ 7:20 and 9:18). Mrs. Montgomery can also be heard speaking to other members of First Baptist who were in the church during the interview (@ 19:27, 36:19, and 49:10). Around 49:00, several students had to excuse themselves to attend another class.","This oral history was a follow-up to the oral history interview conducted with Mrs. Liz Montgomery by the Williamsburg Documentary Project on February 22, 2024. Both interviews were conducted by Molly Robinson, with questions developed by Molly Robinson and Michelle Lelièvre. Given the expansive nature of Mrs. Montgomery's first interview, the WDP invited her to conduct a second interview where we could explore in greater depth some of the many fascinating topics she introduced, including her experience as a jazz vocalist touring with Bill Doggett in the 1960's, her work to establish credit unions at Colonial Williamsburg and Busch Gardens, her work as a mother raising children in Williamsburg, and her leadership at the First Baptist Church. Mrs. Montgomery was very generous with her responses and shared details of her life that she had not previously disclosed publicly. She ended her interview by singing (unrehearsed!) a few bars from \"Sometimes I Feel Like a Motherless Child.\" The Williamsburg Documentary Project was honored to welcome Mrs. Montgomery and receive the gift of her stories.","In the following oral history, Meredith Poole, a Staff Archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, discusses how discovering a fossil in her backyard at an early age sparked her passion for archaeology. She also cites numerous educators, from her elementary school teacher to a professor with whom Poole traveled to Belize for a semester abroad, as inspiratory figures in the initial development of her almost 39-year career. Poole explains how working on the 1985 excavation of the Shields Tavern site while completing her Master's Thesis for her MA in Anthropology from William \u0026 Mary helped to both ground her roots in the Williamsburg community and provide her with invaluable on-the-ground skills, such as appreciating the value of minute details and archeological storytelling, that would become central in her later work. She discusses her contributions to the 2022 excavation of the First Baptist Church Cite as among her proudest projects, describing the uncovering of such a personal history for the descendant community as a fulfilling process that exemplifies the value of archaeology. Poole also explains how she balanced her dual interests in fieldwork and obligations as a public-facing archaeologist with the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, recalling as paramount her skills in creative writing and community development. She advises future archaeologists to focus on a specialized field of research that interests them and communicate the relevant knowledge in ways that the general public can understand and appreciate. Williamsburg Documentary Project students Caleb Fulford and Abigail Swanberg conducted the interview on February 20, 2024, at 2:00 pm with a Zoom H4N and DGI microphones provided by graduate student Molly Robinson. Fulford, Swanberg, and indexer Natalie Lopez reference the class assignment involving the interview in AMST 410: Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Professor Michelle Lelièvre.","This interview was conducted by Natalie Corsello and Emma Blackwood and was indexed by Anika Ahammad. The entire interview was transcribed. The interview took place on the afternoon of 2/13/2024 in person at Boswell Hall Room# 40 on 100 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, VA. Tijuana Reeve discussed her journey to William \u0026 Mary, her advocacy in the Cape Henry Project, and also her personal experiences with pregnancy, stillbirth, and motherhood.","In this interview, Diane Langhorst discusses her experience of belonging and community as a student at the College of William and Mary in the class of 1968, detailing her life in chapters. She discusses the impact of being the middle child and the oldest daughter growing up in the church and transitioning to becoming a student. Further, she recalls the cultural changes of living in Williamsburg, as her parents didn't visit and there were no black students on campus,\nstating that the campus was isolated and segregated. She recounts how her religion fostered community, enabling a closer connection between her and her friends. She discusses how William and Mary felt insulated, how she felt little connection to the community outside of campus, and comments on the lack of news and political discussion. Diane cites the liberal arts education at the college as the inspiration for her study of sociology and subsequent career in social work. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Caroline Cromwell and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Sarah Kinlaw. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus on the afternoon of 3/6/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by\nMolly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve.","This description is taken from the headnote for the oral history.","In this interview, Zach Meredith discusses how his experience as a student at William and Mary shaped his understanding of community and belonging. He discusses how he was drawn to W\u0026M for its intellectual community, and subsequently found his community through the American Studies department and the Williamsburg Documentary Project course. Further, Zach details how the WDP exposed him to new ways of approaching history through archive work and understanding of his positionality. He recounts how his research on the Triangle Block during the WDP developed into his senior thesis project, \"Urban Renewal in the Colonial Capital: Contextualizing the Williamsburg Redevelopment \u0026 Housing Authority\"(2019). Now teaching at the same high school in Durham, North Carolina that he attended as a student, Zach\nhopes to develop a Durham History elective, incorporating aspects from the WDP. This interview was conducted by undergraduate students Sarah Kinlaw and Leah Schrum and was indexed by Caroline Cromwell. The interview took place in the Samuel E. Jones building on the William and Mary campus and on Zoom on the afternoon of 3/4/2025. This interview was conducted for research purposes by the Williamsburg Documentary Project, taught by Molly Robinson and Tijuana Reeve."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development"],"names_coll_ssim":["Economic Development"],"persname_ssim":["Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","American Studies Program","Economic Development","Blayton, James Blaine, Sr., (Dr.)","Casey, Carlton","Glosson, Sarah","Arthur Knight","Doyle, Margetta Hirsch (Margetta Hirsch Doyle)","Etheridge, Jeanne","Willard Gilley","George Greenia","Heacox, Thomas (Thomas Lee), 1943-2024","Lois Hornsby","Louise Lambert Kale","Langton, Helen","Ann Ward Little, Daughter of Archibald F. Ward, Jr.","McKnight, Joyce","Mendez, Jennifer Bickham","Nichol, Gene R., 1951-","Oxrieder, Julia W.","Frances Robb (Frances Robb)","Sternberg, Ethel (Ethel Sternberg)","Taylor, Rodney B. (Rodney B. Taylor)","Sullivan, Timothy J.","Sikk, Helis","Gift of Mary Geiger","Granger, Gil (Gilbert Lofton), 1935-2023","Zhang, Benny, 1994- (Benming)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1146,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:48:07.814Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9022"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02_c443","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Williamsburg general professional papers, 2009/2016","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02_c443#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02_c443","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02_c443"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02_c443","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02","parent_ssim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019","Series II. Subject files, 1966/2019"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","viw_repositories_2_resources_2347_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg general professional papers","title_ssm":["Williamsburg general professional papers"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg general professional papers"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg general professional papers, 2009/2016"],"text":["Williamsburg general professional papers, 2009/2016","Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019","Series II. Subject files, 1966/2019","Box 95","folder 777"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019","Series II. Subject files, 1966/2019"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019","Series II. Subject files, 1966/2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2009/2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2009-2016"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":784,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019"],"containers_ssim":["Box 95","folder 777"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection contains material which may be restricted related to personnel matters, student records, or other reasons. A Special Collections Research Center staff member must review the collection for restricted material before any researchers may use the collection. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which William \u0026 Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#442","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:42:20.276Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2347","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2347.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records","title_ssm":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records"],"title_tesim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1966/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019"],"text":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019","UA 2.23","/repositories/2/resources/2347","College of William and Mary--Presidents","College presidents--Virginia","College presidents","Charter Day","College of William and Mary--Commencement","College of William and Mary--History--21st century","College of William and Mary--University Development","Correspondence","Publications","Reports","This collection contains material which may be restricted related to personnel matters, student records, or other reasons. A Special Collections Research Center staff member must review the collection for restricted material before any researchers may use the collection. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which William \u0026 Mary assumes no responsibility.","The Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley III records includes four series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Subject Files, Series III.Artifacts and oversize materials and Series IV.Restricted materials.","W. Taylor Reveley, III (Walter Taylor Reveley, III) was the twenty-seventh president of William \u0026 Mary from 2008-2018. He served as the interim president of William \u0026 Mary after the resignation of President Gene R. Nichol on February 12, 2008, and was appointed President by the Board of Visitors on September 5, 2008. Reveley was the first interim president since Benjamin S. Ewell to be named President of William \u0026 Mary. From 1998 to 2008, Reveley served as dean of William \u0026 Mary's Marshall–Wythe School of Law and was the John Stewart Bryan Professor of Jurisprudence at the Law School.","Reveley received his A.B. in politics from Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in 1965. Afterward, he attended law school at the University of Virginia, receiving his Juris Doctorate (JD) in 1968, and clerked for Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. in 1969. He has  studied and written about the constitutional division of the war powers between the President and Congress of the United States. Reveley is the author of War Powers of the President and Congress: Who Holds the Arrows and Olive Branch? (University of Virginia Press, 1981).","Before joining William \u0026 Mary, Reveley practiced law for many years at Hunton \u0026 Williams, specializing in energy matters, specifically involving commercial nuclear power. He was the managing partner of the firm for nine years. Reveley has also spent a significant amount of time on non-profit organizations, serving on many education and cultural boards, including Princeton University, the Union Theological Seminary in Virginia, St. Christopher's School, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, JSTOR, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Virginia Historical Society, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities, Richmond Symphony, and the Presbyterian Church (USA) Foundation.","The Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records will be updated to reflect new descriptions and acquisitions to the collection. Please consult William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) staff at spcoll@wm.edu for further details.","Office of the President Gene R. Nichol (UA 2.20).","The Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley III records includes e-mail correspondence, letters, cards, subject files, speeches and other papers from the administration of William \u0026 Mary's twenty-seventh president, W. Taylor Reveley, III.","The correspondence series primarily contains e-mails to and from W. Taylor Reveley and multiple parties discussing matters relating to the administrative activities at William \u0026 Mary.","Subject files consists of speech drafts, letters, printed materials, emails and photographs documenting specific William \u0026 Mary related events, and administrative issues. The series is arranged alphabetically. The series is arranged chronologically by date.","Contains papers related to Black Lives Matter and the Charlottesville Unite the Right rally","Contains papers related to Black Lives Matter and the Charlottesville Unite the Right rally","Contains papers related to Black Lives Matter and the Charlottesville Unite the Right rally","Papers related to William \u0026 Mary gardens","File contains remarks and notes made by W. Taylor Reveley III","File contains remarks and notes made by W. Taylor Reveley III","File contains remarks and notes made by W. Taylor Reveley III","Includes programs, fliers, emails, and brochures documening various events attended by W. Taylor Reveley","Includes programs, fliers, emails, and brochures documening various events attended by W. Taylor Reveley","Includes programs, fliers, emails, and brochures documening various events attended by W. Taylor Reveley","Series includes ephemeral artifacts and papers belonging to W. Taylor Reveley III. Materials are arranged alphabetically.","Series contains confidential materials. Please see Special Collections and Research Center (SCRC) staff for further information.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not William \u0026 Mary Libraries.","Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","College of William and Mary. College of Arts and Sciences","College of William and Mary. Office of the President","Reveley, W. Taylor, III","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019"],"collection_ssim":["Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley, III records, 1966/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 2.23","/repositories/2/resources/2347"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 2.23","/repositories/2/resources/2347"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Reveley, W. Taylor, III","Office of the President"],"creator_ssim":["Reveley, W. Taylor, III","Office of the President"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Reveley, W. Taylor, III"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","College of William and Mary. College of Arts and Sciences","College of William and Mary. Office of the President"],"creators_ssim":["Reveley, W. Taylor, III","Special Collections Research Center","Office of the President","College of William and Mary. Board of Visitors","College of William and Mary. College of Arts and Sciences","College of William and Mary. Office of the President"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 2010.425-2015.052 was transferred to the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) by the William \u0026 Mary Office of the President, Carla Costello through Facilities Management beginning on August 4, 2010. Accession 2020.007 was transferred to the SCRC by W. Taylor Reveley, III, President Emeritus and John Stewart Bryan Professor of Jurisprudence on January 17, 2020. For further information please consult SCRC staff."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Presidents","College presidents--Virginia","College presidents","Charter Day","College of William and Mary--Commencement","College of William and Mary--History--21st century","College of William and Mary--University Development","Correspondence","Publications","Reports"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--Presidents","College presidents--Virginia","College presidents","Charter Day","College of William and Mary--Commencement","College of William and Mary--History--21st century","College of William and Mary--University Development","Correspondence","Publications","Reports"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.58 Linear Feet 100 Hollinger boxes. Includes 1 oversize box."],"extent_tesim":["42.58 Linear Feet 100 Hollinger boxes. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which William \u0026amp; Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection contains material which may be restricted related to personnel matters, student records, or other reasons. A Special Collections Research Center staff member must review the collection for restricted material before any researchers may use the collection. Consult a staff member for assistance. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which William \u0026 Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley III records includes four series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Subject Files, Series III.Artifacts and oversize materials and Series IV.Restricted materials.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley III records includes four series: Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Subject Files, Series III.Artifacts and oversize materials and Series IV.Restricted materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eW. Taylor Reveley, III (Walter Taylor Reveley, III) was the twenty-seventh president of William \u0026amp; Mary from 2008-2018. He served as the interim president of William \u0026amp; Mary after the resignation of President Gene R. Nichol on February 12, 2008, and was appointed President by the Board of Visitors on September 5, 2008. Reveley was the first interim president since Benjamin S. Ewell to be named President of William \u0026amp; Mary. 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Taylor Reveley, III (Walter Taylor Reveley, III) was the twenty-seventh president of William \u0026 Mary from 2008-2018. He served as the interim president of William \u0026 Mary after the resignation of President Gene R. Nichol on February 12, 2008, and was appointed President by the Board of Visitors on September 5, 2008. Reveley was the first interim president since Benjamin S. Ewell to be named President of William \u0026 Mary. From 1998 to 2008, Reveley served as dean of William \u0026 Mary's Marshall–Wythe School of Law and was the John Stewart Bryan Professor of Jurisprudence at the Law School.","Reveley received his A.B. in politics from Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs in 1965. Afterward, he attended law school at the University of Virginia, receiving his Juris Doctorate (JD) in 1968, and clerked for Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. in 1969. 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Taylor Reveley, III records will be updated to reflect new descriptions and acquisitions to the collection. Please consult William \u0026 Mary Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) staff at spcoll@wm.edu for further details."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOffice of the President Gene R. Nichol (UA 2.20).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Office of the President Gene R. Nichol (UA 2.20)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Office of the President W. Taylor Reveley III records includes e-mail correspondence, letters, cards, subject files, speeches and other papers from the administration of William \u0026amp; Mary's twenty-seventh president, W. Taylor Reveley, III.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence series primarily contains e-mails to and from W. 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