{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2009\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=180","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2009\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=179","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2009\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=181","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2009\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=204"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":180,"next_page":181,"prev_page":179,"total_pages":204,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":1790,"total_count":2034,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.1: Benchmarks and Indices, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(7 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":789,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(7 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_419.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Partners for Livable Communities records","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960 - 2012","1970-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960 - 2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419","Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0021\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_938a0128e58b4f840e21e7340ed7d368\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bbedf0bc55a6a301d26eaacabb721a68\"\u003eR46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_coll_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c01"}},{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02"],"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_plcrecords","vifgm_plcrecords_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change,","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(7 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":836,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(7 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":89,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/plcrecords.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plcrecords.html","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","C0230","Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning.","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.","Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plc.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \n\t\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref10\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c02"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.2: Leadership for Change, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(7 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":836,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(7 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":89,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_419.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Partners for Livable Communities records","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960 - 2012","1970-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960 - 2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419","Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0021\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_938a0128e58b4f840e21e7340ed7d368\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bbedf0bc55a6a301d26eaacabb721a68\"\u003eR46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_coll_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c02"}},{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03"],"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_plcrecords","vifgm_plcrecords_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies,","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(5 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":926,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(5 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":41,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/plcrecords.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plcrecords.html","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","C0230","Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning.","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.","Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plc.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \n\t\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref10\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c03"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.3: Regional Strategies, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(5 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":926,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(5 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":41,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_419.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Partners for Livable Communities records","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960 - 2012","1970-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960 - 2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419","Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0021\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_938a0128e58b4f840e21e7340ed7d368\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bbedf0bc55a6a301d26eaacabb721a68\"\u003eR46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_coll_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c03"}},{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04","ref_ssm":["vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04"],"id":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_plcrecords","vifgm_plcrecords_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation,","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(8 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":968,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(8 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":63,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_ssi":"vifgm_plcrecords","_root_":"vifgm_plcrecords","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_plcrecords","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/plcrecords.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plcrecords.html","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010","C0230","Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning.","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.","Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings--Remodeling for other use--United States.","Central business districts--United States.","Open spaces--United States.","Tourism--United States.","Transportation--United States--Planning."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 linear feet (157 boxes; 3 oversize folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into ten series.","Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n        Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n        Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n        Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n        Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n        Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n        Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n        Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n        Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n        Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013-2014."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/plc.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds the \n                 that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \n\t\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Partners for Livable Communities records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref10\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Partners for Livable Communities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:11.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_plcrecords_c04_c04"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04","parent_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation","title_ssm":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4.4: Visioning and Local Participation, 1974/2012","Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012","(8 boxes)"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","Series 4: New Civics, 1974/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1974/2012"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1974-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":968,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"physdesc_tesim":["(8 boxes)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":63,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_419.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Partners for Livable Communities records","title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960 - 2012","1970-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960 - 2012"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"text":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010","C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419","Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)","Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.","Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).","R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, 1960/2012, bulk 1970/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"unitid_tesim":["C0230","/repositories/2/resources/419"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Partners for Livable Communities in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Remodeling for other use -- United States","Central business districts -- United States","Open spaces -- United States","Planned communities","Transportation -- United States -- Planning","Tourism -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["78.5 Linear Feet 157 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into ten series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into ten series.","Series\n      Series 1: Amenity Resources/Quality of Life, 1973-2011 (Boxes 1-38)\n      Series 2: Community Development, 1960-2011 (Boxes 39-62)\n      Series 3: Culture Builds Community, 1978-2012 (Boxes 63-86)\n      Series 4: New Civics, 1974-2012 (Boxes 86-111)\n      Series 5: Partners' Resources, 1967-2012 (Boxes 111-131)\n      Series 6: Shared Heritage of the Americas, 1982-1995 (Boxes 131-135)\n      Series 7: Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, and Ecotourism, 1979-2008 (Boxes 135-143)\n      Series 8: Photographs, 1970s-2010s\n      Series 9: Audiovisual, 1977-2011 (Boxes 144-154)\n      Series 10: Oversized, 1973-2008 (Boxes 155-157)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities (PLC) is a national, nonprofit organization working to restore and renew American communities by providing information, leadership and guidance that help communities help themselves. Founded by a consortium of the National Endowment of the Arts in 1977 under the title \"Partners for Livable Places,\" the organization initially focused on design and culture as resources for livability.","During the 1980s the organization expanded its scope to address the economic concerns of communities and launched a number of programs, each focusing on a specific problem area of community development. The Economics of Amenity program secured PLC's place as a national resource dedicated to the economic value of using amenities for community development. It was soon followed by three other programs - Cities in Transition, The New Civics, and Celebrate the American Community - which approached community development in a more holistic manner that took open spaces and cultural centers into consideration as well as the impact of social and physical changes to the urban landscape.","During the 1990s the Shaping Growth in America program was launched to address issues of social inequity, children and families, minorities and the poor. The 1990s also brought a new name, \"Partners for Livable Communities,\" and a redefinition of the Partners' Resource Center as the National Center for Community Action. PLC continues to work toward the growth and improvement of American communities to this day."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePartners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Partners for Livable Communities records, C0230, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Emily Clough in 2013. EAD markup completed by Emily Clough and Jordan Patty in 2013 - 2014. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in February 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Partners for Livable Communities collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0021\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds the  that contains publications on many subjects related to community renewal and planning."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Amenity Resources \u0026amp; Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026amp; Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). The majority of the collection is comprised of primary resources (research, reports, correspondence, meeting minutes, photographs, audio/visual materials, etc.), which relate to projects that Partners for Livable Communities has undertaken during the past 33 years of its existence. These materials are important for understanding how the Livable Cities Act has developed over the years from its inception in 1978 to the present. They document how Partners moved from a granting agency (when it was associated with the NEA) to an independent, non-profit organization focused on initiating important programs and projects of its own, many of which have resulted in major changes in the quality of design and living in urban environments in the United States. The collection is also important because Partners prepared the groundwork for many key initiatives including model legislation, the Livable Communities Act of 2009, which is currently under consideration by the Obama administration. Materials in the collection will help researchers to understand the development of city planning over the past 30+ years in the United States, as well as the best practices, standards and policies that have been advanced by Partners. A preliminary inventory is available.","Series 1, Amenity Resources \u0026 Quality of Life, the largest of the collection, contains resources used in Partner's first program, The Economics of Amenity. These materials are focused around the economic value of design, cultural amenities, and the impact on the quality of life in a community. This series includes pamphlets, binders, and books on Partners for Livable Communities' Creative City initiative, notes on sponsored charrettes in Kingsport and Memphis, Tennessee; Alexandria and Roanoke, Virginia; Glendale and San Buenaventura California; and Baltimore, Maryland. Other resources in this series include documentation on the importance of quality design and regional publications produced and gathered by PLC and other private organizations in the United States and Europe.","Series 2, Community Development, contains resources gathered by Partners for Livable Communities relevant to their various initiatives and programs. Specifically, they collected a variety of books, binders, reports, and articles, published by Partners and other outside organizations, that focus on cultural and community planning, including PLC's Aging in Place initiative, a small portion of the Livability Clearinghouse, notes taken in the Columbus, Ohio; Hartford, Connecticut; and Kingsport, Tennessee charrettes and the materials on the selections for the America's Most Livable City awards, sponsored by Partners of Livable Communities.","Series 3, Culture Builds Community, contains the gathered resources for the long-term initiative, started in 1993. The goal of this initiative is to use certain cultural assets to build a community's economy, community pride, and the quality of life. Included in this series are various workbooks, papers, presentations, and binders collected that focus on cultural assets and it affects the growth of the surrounding communities. Some specific records include a collection of PLC's \"Connections\" newsletter, various charrettes that took place in Kansas City, Missouri, and documentation on the importance of libraries, art, schools, and markets in a community.","Series 4, New Civics, contains four subseries, Benchmarks and Indices, Leadership for Change, Regional Strategies, and Visioning and Local Participation that focus on developing successful leadership strategies to create community-centered programs through a cooperative effort between local government and private businesses. Some specific resources include the collection of documentation gathered during the various charrettes and workshops held in Frederick, Maryland; San Diego, California; Arlington, Virginia; and Grand Rapids, Michigan, the programs from the Bridge Builders ceremonies, the Dublin Community Plans, the Indiana Cities Conference, and other regionally-focused reports.","Series 5, Partners Resources, includes the materials necessary for the workings and advertising of Partners of Livable Communities and its affiliates throughout the United States. Specifically, this series includes the extensive collection of PLACE newsletters, various directories from 1975 to 2011, information on the Board of Trustees in 2002, the pamphlets from America's Most Livable Cities and the Visions and Community Spirit Awards, informative handouts written about Partners and its various initiatives, the Biannual Activities reports, and various regional reports written for Partners for Livable Communities.","Series 6, Shared Heritage of the Americas contains information that looks at the special resources inherent throughout North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. This small series contains various books, binders, magazines, transcripts, and reports that explore the archaeology, history, and physical geography of these rich regions. Specific resources include PLC's research effort for an article about underwater archaeology and documentation from two forums that focused on preservation throughout the Americas.","Series 7, Tourism: Heritage, Discovery, \u0026 Ecotourism, includes materials focused on the importance of conservation and tourism development. Like with Series 5 (Shared Heritage with the Americas), this series focuses on responsible tourism using the available resources in a region. It also includes information on healthy tourism growth and conservation. Specific resources include the information gathered during the African-American Museum of Delaware Charratte, the Tourism Task Force for Greater Cincinnati Report, and the Travel Review Conference proceedings.","Series 8 consists of photogaphs that document the activities of Partners from the 1970s through 2010s. Subjects include events hosted by Partners, images of commuity activities in cities, and pictures of the Partners staff.","Series 9 contains audiovisual materials. There are a variety of videotapes, cassettes, compact discs and diskettes that Partners created and gathered. Most of the materials are relevant to the various sponsored programs that Partners of Livable Communities initiated. Some specific audio and visual materials includes CDs of photos from various Partners-hosted events, video and audio documentation of regional charrettes and meetings, and back-up diskettes of various articles and documents that PLC's employees authored.","Series 10 contains oversized materials. Most of these resources are posters created for Partners' various programs, regional newspaper articles focused on community growth, and large books published by various private companies."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_938a0128e58b4f840e21e7340ed7d368\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of reports, brochures, posters, books, audio/visual materials, and newsletters. The records cover the entire history of the Partners for Livable Communities, beginning with its inception in the 1970s at the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA)."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bbedf0bc55a6a301d26eaacabb721a68\"\u003eR46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R46, C3, S7\nR46, C4, S2 - S7\nR46, C5, S2 - S7\nR46, C6, S2 - S7\nR47, C1, S1 - S7\nR 47, C2, S2\nMap Case 11.5"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_coll_ssim":["Partners for Livable Communities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Partners for Livable Communities"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1905,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:53.150Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_419_c04_c04"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4: Clippings, 1956/2013","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended. Note that the clippings related to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics are located in the Awards subseries. Clippings of articles written by Buchanan are located in the Writings series. Many clippings are in languages other than English.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01","parent_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 1: Biographical materials, 1800/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4: Clippings","title_ssm":["Subseries 4: Clippings"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4: Clippings"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4: Clippings, 1956/2013"],"text":["Subseries 4: Clippings, 1956/2013","James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 1: Biographical materials, 1800/2012","box 16-19, 21-23","This subseries contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended. Note that the clippings related to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics are located in the Awards subseries. Clippings of articles written by Buchanan are located in the Writings series. Many clippings are in languages other than English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 1: Biographical materials, 1800/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 1: Biographical materials, 1800/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2013"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":202,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"containers_ssim":["box 16-19, 21-23"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":99,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended. Note that the clippings related to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics are located in the Awards subseries. Clippings of articles written by Buchanan are located in the Writings series. Many clippings are in languages other than English.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This subseries contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended. Note that the clippings related to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics are located in the Awards subseries. Clippings of articles written by Buchanan are located in the Writings series. Many clippings are in languages other than English."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#30","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:42.576Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_367.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"C0246","title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"text":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367","Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings","Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.","The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials","James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.","This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.","The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.","R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"collection_title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"unitid_tesim":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"creators_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center in September 2016. Additional materials acquired in April 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"extent_tesim":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are no other access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in nine series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Academia\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Professional service\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Principles of Public Debt\u003c/title\u003e. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Calculus of Consent\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including \u003ctitle\u003eCost and Choice\u003c/title\u003e (1969), \u003ctitle\u003eAcademia in Anarchy\u003c/title\u003e with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Limits of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (1975), and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Power to Tax\u003c/title\u003e with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reason of Rules\u003c/title\u003e (1985), \u003ctitle\u003eBetter than Plowing\u003c/title\u003e (1992), and \u003ctitle\u003ePolitics by Principle, Not Interest\u003c/title\u003e with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing \u003ctitle\u003eThe Collected Works of James Buchanan\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/title\u003e for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing \u003citalic\u003eThe Collected Works of James M. Buchanan\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/italic\u003e on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc2473150c319436276a1da8ef369a9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b0c53c39bdb12bf69a095c3db88292a9\"\u003e\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"language_ssim":["The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8943,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:42.576Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c01_c31"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Subseries 4: Public Choice Society, 1985/2012","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials relating to the Public Choice Society, a professional organization for scholars from any academic discipline interested in public choice. Burgess was the secretary for the Public Choice Society from 1989 from 2014. Materials include correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work with the Society. The subseries is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07","parent_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers, 1972/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07"],"title_filing_ssi":"Subseries 4: Public Choice Society","title_ssm":["Subseries 4: Public Choice Society"],"title_tesim":["Subseries 4: Public Choice Society"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Subseries 4: Public Choice Society, 1985/2012"],"text":["Subseries 4: Public Choice Society, 1985/2012","James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers, 1972/2014","box 404-408, 543","This subseries contains materials relating to the Public Choice Society, a professional organization for scholars from any academic discipline interested in public choice. Burgess was the secretary for the Public Choice Society from 1989 from 2014. Materials include correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work with the Society. The subseries is arranged chronologically."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers, 1972/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers, 1972/2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985-2012"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":7162,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"containers_ssim":["box 404-408, 543"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":69,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials relating to the Public Choice Society, a professional organization for scholars from any academic discipline interested in public choice. Burgess was the secretary for the Public Choice Society from 1989 from 2014. Materials include correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work with the Society. The subseries is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This subseries contains materials relating to the Public Choice Society, a professional organization for scholars from any academic discipline interested in public choice. Burgess was the secretary for the Public Choice Society from 1989 from 2014. Materials include correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work with the Society. The subseries is arranged chronologically."],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:42.576Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_367.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"C0246","title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"text":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367","Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings","Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.","The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials","James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.","This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.","The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.","R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"collection_title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"unitid_tesim":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"creators_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center in September 2016. Additional materials acquired in April 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"extent_tesim":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are no other access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in nine series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Academia\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Professional service\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Principles of Public Debt\u003c/title\u003e. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Calculus of Consent\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including \u003ctitle\u003eCost and Choice\u003c/title\u003e (1969), \u003ctitle\u003eAcademia in Anarchy\u003c/title\u003e with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Limits of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (1975), and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Power to Tax\u003c/title\u003e with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reason of Rules\u003c/title\u003e (1985), \u003ctitle\u003eBetter than Plowing\u003c/title\u003e (1992), and \u003ctitle\u003ePolitics by Principle, Not Interest\u003c/title\u003e with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing \u003ctitle\u003eThe Collected Works of James Buchanan\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/title\u003e for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing \u003citalic\u003eThe Collected Works of James M. Buchanan\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/italic\u003e on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc2473150c319436276a1da8ef369a9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b0c53c39bdb12bf69a095c3db88292a9\"\u003e\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"language_ssim":["The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8943,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:42.576Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c07_c04"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01_c04","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition, 1961/2020","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01_c04"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01","parent_ssim":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, 1960/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition, 1961/2020"],"text":["Sub-Series 4: Second Thoughts-Volition, 1961/2020","George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, 1960/2020","box 27-32"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, 1960/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, 1960/2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-2020"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":257,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024"],"containers_ssim":["box 27-32"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":87,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the George Mason University student publications must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:35:13.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_706","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_706.xml","title_ssm":["George Mason University student publications"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University student publications"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-date"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-date"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024"],"text":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024","R0154","/repositories/2/resources/706","George Mason University -- Student Life","Journalism","College students","newsletters","Journals","Magazines","Newspapers","There are no access restrictions.","The collection contains 2 series:","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020 is divided into four sub-series, each of which contains an alphabetic range of titles. Each title is then arranged in ascending chronological order. Series 2: Student publications, 2021-Present contains one sub-series arranged alphabetically by publication title.","George Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. During this early period (1957-1964) enrollment never exceeded 250 students. Once at Fairfax, George Mason College's student body, while  still small at 356, began to grow in terms of school spirit and student involvement.  Students formed increasingly more and varied clubs,vigorously promoted and participated in Student Government elections, created leagues of intramural sports, and participated in many of the rites of college life, including publishing of newsletters, newspapers, yearbooks, and later,  journals.","While no expamples of student publications prior to 1960 can be found in this collection, there were, most-likely, some mimeographed newsletters or other handouts created by students to inform, entertain, or educate their peers in the tiny college community. \nStudent publications at George Mason during the 1960s included numerous small, short-run serial newsletters, the student newspaper The Gunston Ledger (renamed Broadside in 1969) [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128], and the yearbook, Advocate [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132].  By the 1970s and later a number of student published literary and culture-based journals appeared at Mason, including Phoebe and So to Speak. Today nearly all of the student publications are published and distributed by the umbrella group Student Media, which is part of Mason's Division of University Life.","Materials which make up this collection were initially processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the mid-1980s as individual record units. In 2023 undergraduate student assistant, Colin McDonald compiled a preliminary inventory and arrangement for the collection. In 2024 graduate research assistant, Maegan Jankowski completed final inventory, arrangement, and description. University Archivist Robert Vay assisted with Finding Aid Collection Overview description and publishing.","Broadside student newspaper collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128)","George Mason University yearbook collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132)","The George Mason University student publications consist of serial publications, both short and long-running as well as single-issue publications attributed to George Mason University students and student groups. The types of publications include newsletters, newspapers, literary journals, and magazines created and disseminated from 1960 to date.  The collection contains 2 series.","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, which contain the following titles:","Apathy,\nAsterisk,\nBrandy Seal,\nBroadside Guides,\nThe Bull Sheet,\nCourtside Seats [Vol. 1],\nDissenter,\nThe Docket [Vol. 30, No. 3],\nEnergia [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Ex-Patriot,\nThe Expulsion,\nFaculty Course Evaluations,\nThe Forge [Vols. 1 and 2],\nForth Estate,\nFreshman Focus,\nFreshman Register,\nHispanic Culture Review,\nInsight,\nThe Mason Republic [Vol. 1, No. 1],\nThe N.C. Gazette,\nThe Newspaper,\nOutlier Magazine [Vol. 1],\nThe Patriot, \nThe Paupers Press,\nPerspective [issues 1 - 4],\nPhoebe,\nPlum Duff,\nSecond Thoughts [Vol. 1, No. 3],\nSo to Speak,\nStudent Disorientation Handbook,\nStudent Government News [Vol. 1, No. 3, 5, 6],\nStudent Survival Handbook,\nThe Sunspot [Vol. 2, Issue 1],\nTablet [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Try,\nThe Vacancy,\nVolition [Vol. 1, 2]\nVoxPop","Series 2: Student publications, 2021-Present:","The Forge [Vol. 3 -],\nThe George Mason Review [Vol. 31 -],\nHispanic Culture Review [Vol. 29],\nPhoebe [Vol.50 -],\nSo to Speak [Vol. 31 -],\nStoryline, \nVolition [Vol. 31 -]","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the George Mason University student publications must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The George Mason University student publications consist of serial publications attributed to George Mason University students and student groups. These materials were created between 1960 and the present.","R93, C4, S2 - C8, S3","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University student publications, 1960/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0154","/repositories/2/resources/706"],"unitid_tesim":["R0154","/repositories/2/resources/706"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["George Mason University -- Student Life"],"geogname_ssim":["George Mason University -- Student Life"],"places_ssim":["George Mason University -- Student Life"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the George Mason University student publications must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These materials were and are actively being acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center through the Office of Student Media."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Journalism","College students","newsletters","Journals","Magazines","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Journalism","College students","newsletters","Journals","Magazines","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19 linear ft. 34 containers"],"extent_tesim":["19 linear ft. 34 containers"],"genreform_ssim":["Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains 2 series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Student publications, 1960-2020 is divided into four sub-series, each of which contains an alphabetic range of titles. Each title is then arranged in ascending chronological order. Series 2: Student publications, 2021-Present contains one sub-series arranged alphabetically by publication title.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection contains 2 series:","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020 is divided into four sub-series, each of which contains an alphabetic range of titles. Each title is then arranged in ascending chronological order. Series 2: Student publications, 2021-Present contains one sub-series arranged alphabetically by publication title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. During this early period (1957-1964) enrollment never exceeded 250 students. Once at Fairfax, George Mason College's student body, while  still small at 356, began to grow in terms of school spirit and student involvement.  Students formed increasingly more and varied clubs,vigorously promoted and participated in Student Government elections, created leagues of intramural sports, and participated in many of the rites of college life, including publishing of newsletters, newspapers, yearbooks, and later,  journals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile no expamples of student publications prior to 1960 can be found in this collection, there were, most-likely, some mimeographed newsletters or other handouts created by students to inform, entertain, or educate their peers in the tiny college community. \nStudent publications at George Mason during the 1960s included numerous small, short-run serial newsletters, the student newspaper The Gunston Ledger (renamed Broadside in 1969) [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128], and the yearbook, Advocate [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132].  By the 1970s and later a number of student published literary and culture-based journals appeared at Mason, including Phoebe and So to Speak. Today nearly all of the student publications are published and distributed by the umbrella group Student Media, which is part of Mason's Division of University Life.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. During this early period (1957-1964) enrollment never exceeded 250 students. Once at Fairfax, George Mason College's student body, while  still small at 356, began to grow in terms of school spirit and student involvement.  Students formed increasingly more and varied clubs,vigorously promoted and participated in Student Government elections, created leagues of intramural sports, and participated in many of the rites of college life, including publishing of newsletters, newspapers, yearbooks, and later,  journals.","While no expamples of student publications prior to 1960 can be found in this collection, there were, most-likely, some mimeographed newsletters or other handouts created by students to inform, entertain, or educate their peers in the tiny college community. \nStudent publications at George Mason during the 1960s included numerous small, short-run serial newsletters, the student newspaper The Gunston Ledger (renamed Broadside in 1969) [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128], and the yearbook, Advocate [link to https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132].  By the 1970s and later a number of student published literary and culture-based journals appeared at Mason, including Phoebe and So to Speak. Today nearly all of the student publications are published and distributed by the umbrella group Student Media, which is part of Mason's Division of University Life."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University student publications, R0154, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University student publications, R0154, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials which make up this collection were initially processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the mid-1980s as individual record units. In 2023 undergraduate student assistant, Colin McDonald compiled a preliminary inventory and arrangement for the collection. In 2024 graduate research assistant, Maegan Jankowski completed final inventory, arrangement, and description. University Archivist Robert Vay assisted with Finding Aid Collection Overview description and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Materials which make up this collection were initially processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the mid-1980s as individual record units. In 2023 undergraduate student assistant, Colin McDonald compiled a preliminary inventory and arrangement for the collection. In 2024 graduate research assistant, Maegan Jankowski completed final inventory, arrangement, and description. University Archivist Robert Vay assisted with Finding Aid Collection Overview description and publishing."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBroadside student newspaper collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University yearbook collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Broadside student newspaper collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0128)","George Mason University yearbook collection (https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0132)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Mason University student publications consist of serial publications, both short and long-running as well as single-issue publications attributed to George Mason University students and student groups. The types of publications include newsletters, newspapers, literary journals, and magazines created and disseminated from 1960 to date.  The collection contains 2 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, which contain the following titles:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApathy,\nAsterisk,\nBrandy Seal,\nBroadside Guides,\nThe Bull Sheet,\nCourtside Seats [Vol. 1],\nDissenter,\nThe Docket [Vol. 30, No. 3],\nEnergia [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Ex-Patriot,\nThe Expulsion,\nFaculty Course Evaluations,\nThe Forge [Vols. 1 and 2],\nForth Estate,\nFreshman Focus,\nFreshman Register,\nHispanic Culture Review,\nInsight,\nThe Mason Republic [Vol. 1, No. 1],\nThe N.C. Gazette,\nThe Newspaper,\nOutlier Magazine [Vol. 1],\nThe Patriot, \nThe Paupers Press,\nPerspective [issues 1 - 4],\nPhoebe,\nPlum Duff,\nSecond Thoughts [Vol. 1, No. 3],\nSo to Speak,\nStudent Disorientation Handbook,\nStudent Government News [Vol. 1, No. 3, 5, 6],\nStudent Survival Handbook,\nThe Sunspot [Vol. 2, Issue 1],\nTablet [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Try,\nThe Vacancy,\nVolition [Vol. 1, 2]\nVoxPop\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Student publications, 2021-Present:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Forge [Vol. 3 -],\nThe George Mason Review [Vol. 31 -],\nHispanic Culture Review [Vol. 29],\nPhoebe [Vol.50 -],\nSo to Speak [Vol. 31 -],\nStoryline, \nVolition [Vol. 31 -]\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The George Mason University student publications consist of serial publications, both short and long-running as well as single-issue publications attributed to George Mason University students and student groups. The types of publications include newsletters, newspapers, literary journals, and magazines created and disseminated from 1960 to date.  The collection contains 2 series.","Series 1: Student publications, 1960-2020, which contain the following titles:","Apathy,\nAsterisk,\nBrandy Seal,\nBroadside Guides,\nThe Bull Sheet,\nCourtside Seats [Vol. 1],\nDissenter,\nThe Docket [Vol. 30, No. 3],\nEnergia [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Ex-Patriot,\nThe Expulsion,\nFaculty Course Evaluations,\nThe Forge [Vols. 1 and 2],\nForth Estate,\nFreshman Focus,\nFreshman Register,\nHispanic Culture Review,\nInsight,\nThe Mason Republic [Vol. 1, No. 1],\nThe N.C. Gazette,\nThe Newspaper,\nOutlier Magazine [Vol. 1],\nThe Patriot, \nThe Paupers Press,\nPerspective [issues 1 - 4],\nPhoebe,\nPlum Duff,\nSecond Thoughts [Vol. 1, No. 3],\nSo to Speak,\nStudent Disorientation Handbook,\nStudent Government News [Vol. 1, No. 3, 5, 6],\nStudent Survival Handbook,\nThe Sunspot [Vol. 2, Issue 1],\nTablet [Vol. 1, Issue 1],\nThe Try,\nThe Vacancy,\nVolition [Vol. 1, 2]\nVoxPop","Series 2: Student publications, 2021-Present:","The Forge [Vol. 3 -],\nThe George Mason Review [Vol. 31 -],\nHispanic Culture Review [Vol. 29],\nPhoebe [Vol.50 -],\nSo to Speak [Vol. 31 -],\nStoryline, \nVolition [Vol. 31 -]"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the George Mason University student publications must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the George Mason University student publications must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7de5ea75622fc957c9050dbb3cf2043c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe George Mason University student publications consist of serial publications attributed to George Mason University students and student groups. 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