{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026page=3001\u0026view=list","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026page=3000\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026page=3002\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026page=3003\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3001,"next_page":3002,"prev_page":3000,"total_pages":3003,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30000,"total_count":30028,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zaic, Frank","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation","Subseries C: Correspondence Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation","Subseries C: Correspondence Files"],"text":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Series II: 2010 Donation","Subseries C: Correspondence Files","Zaic, Frank","box 48","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zaic, Frank","title_ssm":["Zaic, Frank"],"title_tesim":["Zaic, Frank"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1983-2005, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1983/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zaic, Frank"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":840,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"containers_ssim":["box 48","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2/components#118","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2291.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Phillips, William Hewitt, Papers","title_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"title_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1918-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2005.019"],"text":["Ms.2005.019","William Hewitt Phillips Papers","Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees","The collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is divided into two series. ","Series I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:","Subseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.","Subseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.","Subseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.","Subseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.","Subseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"","Series II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: ","Subseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.","Subseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.","Subseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.","Subseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. ","Subseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. ","Subseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma.","William Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.","In July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.","As the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. ","Phillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009.","The guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. ","Additional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. ","Phillips, W. Hewitt,  Journey in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center  (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography,  Journey into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center .","The following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Maxim, Hiram S.  Artificial and Natural Flight . New York: MacMillan, 1908.","Byers, Bruce K.  Destination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program  (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2005.019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"collection_ssim":["William Hewitt Phillips Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"creators_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William Hewitt Phillips Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1997, 2005, and 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Archives of American Aerospace Exploration (AAAE)","Science and Technology","Aerospace engineers","United States -- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics -- Officials and employees","United States -- National Aeronautics and Space Administration -- Officials and employees"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["28.5 Cubic Feet 57 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["28.5 Cubic Feet 57 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/329\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series. ","Series I, comprising the 1997 and 2004 donations of papers, to a large extent retains the original order in which it was received, though some minor changes have been made for the sake of consistency. The majority of the collection, consisting of subject files, is arranged alphabetically by topic. Phillips' formal reports are arranged chronologically. The arrangement and file titles of a few folders have been changed to provide consistency to the alphabetical order. The materials have been divided among five subseries:","Subseries A: Subject Files. The files were originally housed in four cabinets, later transferred to six boxes by the donor, and finally transferred to permanent boxes during archival processing. The contents of each original cabinet had been arranged in a generally alphabetical order, but there was no overall arrangement among the individual cabinets. Thus, the alphabetical order of the original Cabinet 1 comprises Boxes 1-5; of Cabinet 2, Boxes 5-11; of Cabinet 3, Boxes 11-21; and of Cabinet 4, Boxes 21-25.","Subseries B: NACA and NASA Reports. Arranged chronologically, this subseries contains files on reports and talks given by Phillips related to his professional research.","Subseries C: Other Writings and Lectures by Phillips. This subseries includes drafts, notes, and other materials relating to writings and lectures by Phillips. It is arranged alphabetically by topic and includes a draft of Phillips' autobiography, detailing his personal and professional life.","Subseries D: Lectures and Courses Presented by Others. Originally found in no particular order, this set of files from lectures and courses presented by those other than Phillips is now arranged by name of presenter.","Subseries E: Oversize Materials. These materials were found separated from the rest of the materials in the collection and consist of \"Typical Printouts from the Eppler Program.\"","Series II, the 2010 donation, contains the same types of materials found in Series I. These papers had no original arrangement but instead consisted mostly of loose papers together with a few individual folders and printed materials. The materials have been divided among seven subseries: ","Subseries A: Writings and Lectures. Included in this subseries are files relating to the output of Phillips' research, both in a professional capacity and as a model aircraft enthusiast. The files include not only drafts and published works, but background materials and correspondence. Arranged alphabetically by title or subject.","Subseries B: Subject Files. Arranged alphabetically, this subseries contains materials gathered by Phillips in the course of his research on various topics and his involvement in various professional- and hobby-related activities. Much of the material relates to Phillips' interest in model aircraft.","Subseries C: Correspondence Files. Though personal matters are sometimes discussed, the correspondence in these files relates largely to Phillips' work and his pursuits in model aircraft design, building, and testing. Arranged alphabetically by correspondent.","Subseries D: Photographs. Nearly all of the photos in this series are of Phillips individually or include him at various events. ","Subseries E: Personal Life, Education, and Career. Included in this series are materials relating to Phillips' education at Belmont High School and the Massachusetts Institution of Technology. Also here are records and mementos from his NACA / NASA career, including his many awards. Documenting Phillips' personal life is a set of diaries that he maintained throughout his adult life. ","Subseries F: Oversize Materials contains large photographs, awards, and Phillips's high school diploma."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Hewitt Phillips, known more familiarly as Hewitt Phillips, was born in Merseyside, England, in 1918, but moved with his parents at age two to the United States. He studied aeronautical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), obtaining an S. B. degree in 1939 and an S.M. in 1940. During his childhood, he developed an interest in model aircraft, and he maintained an active interest in the hobby throughout his life.","In July 1940, Phillips commenced service with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), where he was assigned to the Flight Research Division at Langley Research Center (Hampton, Virginia), specializing in the study of aircraft flying qualities and stability. Within this broader assignment, Phillips' task involved the improvement of World War II military aircraft flying qualities. Following the war, Phillips' research related to the development of jet-powered fighter airplanes, supersonic airplanes, stability augmentation and its effect on pilot control, automatic control, and gust alleviation. In 1947, Phillips married Viola Ohler, then head of Langley's editorial office. The couple had three children.","As the U. S. space program commenced, Phillips became chief of the Space Mechanics Division, supervising research in the areas of space rendezvous, navigation, and lunar landing and developing flight simulators for the Gemini and Apollo programs. To train astronauts for lunar landings, Phillips developed the Lunar Landing Facility. He later served as an analyst and consultant in the development of the space shuttle. ","Phillips retired from NASA in February 1979 but continued in the position of distinguished research associate, performing original research on solar-powered aircraft, propellers, airfoil design and wind-tunnel studies of the use of canard surfaces for the space shuttle. He died in 2009."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William Hewitt Phillips Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Hewitt Phillips Papers, Ms2005-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William Hewitt Phillips Papers, Ms2005-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e in 2024. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the 2005 accession of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers commenced in September 2008 and was completed in February 2009. Processing of the second accession commenced in July 2014 and was completed in September 2014. ","Additional processing, arrangement, and description of the William Hewitt Phillips Papers was completed as part of the project, \"Piercing the Veil: Creating Access to the Archives of American Aerospace Exploration at Virginia Tech,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  in 2024. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhillips, W. Hewitt, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJourney in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center\u003c/title\u003e (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Phillips, W. Hewitt,  Journey in Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center  (Washington, D.C.: NASA History Office, 1998). Call number: TL540 P54 J687 1998 Large Spec (in the Rare Book Collection at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJourney into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips, an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA) at Langley Research Center and chief of the Flight Dynamics and Control Division from 1970 to 1979. The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at Langley and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond, as well as his longstanding and active interest in model aircraft design and testing. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility), and model aircraft. An item of note is a typescript draft of Phillips' autobiography,  Journey into Aeronautical Research: a Career at NASA Langley Research Center ."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaxim, Hiram S. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArtificial and Natural Flight\u003c/title\u003e. New York: MacMillan, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eByers, Bruce K. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDestination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program\u003c/title\u003e (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Maxim, Hiram S.  Artificial and Natural Flight . New York: MacMillan, 1908.","Byers, Bruce K.  Destination Moon: A History of the Lunar Orbiter Program  (NASA Technical Memorandum TM X-3487). Washington DC: NASA, 1977."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_32415d476b4953a68a5bd3a12803d2b5\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of William Hewitt Phillips (1918-2009), an aerospace engineer for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and National Air and Space Administration (NASA). The collection includes lecture notes, reports and memoranda tracing the development of Phillips' theories while at the Langley Research Center and spans from his work on World War II-era aircraft to the early U.S. space program and beyond. These papers include calculations of various numerical values in relation to various aircraft and spacecraft, as well as drawings and other illustrations. The collection also contains a set of Phillips' official reports, files devoted to lectures delivered by Phillips, and notes from courses and lectures presented by others. Major topics in this collection include aircraft stability and control; gust alleviation; wing theories; types of planes; shuttles; airfoils; gliders; and simulation of space operations (particularly the Lunar Landing Research Facility)."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration","Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United States. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics","United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Phillips, William H. (William Hewitt), 1918-2009"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":896,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2291_c02_c03_c119"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zaidi, Zainab","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThesis\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects"],"text":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects","Zaidi, Zainab","box 161","Thesis"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zaidi, Zainab","title_ssm":["Zaidi, Zainab"],"title_tesim":["Zaidi, Zainab"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zaidi, Zainab"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2748,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[2000],"containers_ssim":["box 161"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThesis\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Thesis"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2746","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_349.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"text":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349","George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Dissertations, Academic","Collection is open to research.","Organized chronologically then alphabetically by last name.","Since becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff.","Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","There are no restrictions.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by George Mason University students."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dissertations, Academic"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dissertations, Academic"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["528.75 Linear Feet (434 boxes)","(434 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["528.75 Linear Feet (434 boxes)","(434 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized chronologically then alphabetically by last name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized chronologically then alphabetically by last name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a529a2c38d121fdde0314d969f333b47\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_373f2e30983497a8d378a6d2d0fc3719\" label=\"Location\"\u003eThis collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives reading room.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":6598,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:32:33.587Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c2747"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zane Showker","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04","vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04","vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["University Communications and Marketing records","Personnel biographical files","Board of Visitors"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["University Communications and Marketing records","Personnel biographical files","Board of Visitors"],"text":["University Communications and Marketing records","Personnel biographical files","Board of Visitors","Zane Showker","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","box 74","folder 41"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zane Showker","title_ssm":["Zane Showker"],"title_tesim":["Zane Showker"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zane Showker"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":792,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records and personnel employment records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.","For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"names_ssim":["Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004"],"persname_ssim":["Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004"],"containers_ssim":["box 74","folder 41"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#21/components#57","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:23.623Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_776","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_776.xml","title_ssm":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"title_tesim":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0003","/repositories/4/resources/776"],"text":["UA 0003","/repositories/4/resources/776","University Communications and Marketing records","Universities and colleges -- Public relations","College publicity","Special events -- Marketing","College sports -- Marketing","College sports -- Public relations","College students -- Social life and customs","Administrative records","Letters (correspondence)","Press releases","Photographs","Biographical sketches","Résumés (personnel records)","Personnel records","Speeches (Documents)","Programs (documents)","Pen and ink drawings","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Approximately 64 scrapbooks (from accessions PR 88-1015, PR 88-1027) comprising newspaper clippings were deaccessioned in December 2022. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library.","To the archivist's best ability, records containing personal identifying information (PII) particularly pertaining to student records and personnel files, were removed from the collection.","Extraneous and duplicative copies of university publications as well as photocopies of published materials and website print-outs (particularly related to James Madison) were not retained. Copies of Board of Visitors minutes, duplicative of those contained in UA 0010, were not retained.","Forms and documents issued by the Library of Virginia and related to JMU's public records retention and disposal including Certificates or Records Disposal (form RM-3), Records Transfer List and Receipt (form RM-17), Records Retention and Disposition Schedules (form RM-2), and other related forms were not retained. These files primarily contained photocopies and carbon copies of the aforementioned forms.","Draft versions of Montpelier/Madison Magazine articles as well as email correspondence related to edits were not retained. The final published issues of the magazines are held by Special Collections and are considered to be the official version of record. Unless markedly compelling or otherwise significant, documents related to the design, editing, and drafting process of Montpelier/Madison Magazine were not retained. A similar appraisal approach was taken for materials related to website updates.","Episodes of \"With Good Reason\" (copied on CDs), which originally aired on Virginia National Public Radio stations between 2007-2010 and featuring JMU faculty or on JMU-related topics, were not retained due to duplication of originals held by Virginia Humanities and made available online at https://www.withgoodreasonradio.org/.","The collection is arranged into seven series:","Press releases, 1969-2010 Administrative files, 1954-2014 Events, 1967-2014 Personnel biographical files, 1930-2008 Correspondence, 1979-2014 Photographs, 1970-2011 Media, 1980-2017","James Madison University's Communications and Marketing Department, known variously throughout the years as Public Relations Department, Department of Public Services, Media Relations, University Marketing and Branding, etc., was created in 1967, headed by Richard C. Mandeville and overseen by the executive assistant to the president. The creation of this department was part of the major reorganization of the college in 1967 and one of its main concerns was information services. The Public Relations Department became the Department of Public Services in 1972. This department was headed by Ray V. Sonner, who oversaw the Office of Public Information which was responsible for sending press releases and pictures to off-campus media outlets. In 1973, sports information and public information each became a distinct office under the Department of Public Services. In 1976, the offices of sports information and public information were combined. Throughout this time, Sonner supervised the Department of Public and Sports Information, headed by Richard Murray and Milla Sue Wisecarver. The university's official publication, first known as Montpelier and later rebranded to Madison, was first published in 1977 and is produced for alumni, parents of JMU students, faculty and staff members, and friends of the university. Since 1984, the office that directed the public relations of the university has changed names many times. Fred Hilton, who served as chief public relations officer and later as Director of the Centennial Celebration from 1972 until 2009, contributed greatly to the administrative functions of JMU's Communications and Marketing Department. As a result, Hilton is a significant contributor to the collection as a records creator. Don Egle, Hilton's successor, served as Senior Director of Communications and University Spokesperson until 2015.","The collection was minimally processed in June 2015 by Emily Rheault under the collection number PR 87-0922. Collection fully reprocessed in October 2022 under the collection number UA 0003. At this time, two boxes of duplicate press releases and photocopied newspaper clippings were deaccessioned. Approximately 64 scrapbooks comprising newspaper clippings were also deaccessioned. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library. In August 2025, the collection organization and finding aid was significantly updated to reflect the incorporation of 10 previously unprocessed accessions from JMU Communications and Marketing. Prior to the incorporation of these additional records, the collection was titled Office of Public Affairs press releases.","Donor supplied folder labels and groupings of materials were retained where possible.","A group of drawings on paper and polyester transparencies documenting campus buildings and maps exhibited significant degradation due to adhesive transfer and adhesion to other materials. They were not salvageable and were not retained. Similarly impacted university logos were also discarded.","CASE awards, measuring 8.5\" x 11\" and mounted on foam board, were photocopied and originals discarded to conserve space.","Collection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Media relations, communications, public affairs, publicity, and brand strategy also fall under the department's portfolio. ","Records include general and sports press releases; correspondence written by and on behalf of university administration and FOIA requests; general administrative files related to marketing and branding initiatives as well as select university publications; event information including speeches that primarily concern commencement and other large/recurring events; personnel biographical files; photographs documenting inaugurations, commencements and other events; and assorted media.","Issues of What's Up, Time \u0026 Place, and JMU Extra, weekly distributions of university event calendars and event schedules, major reports, issues of university publications, and sports media guides were separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records and personnel employment records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.","For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Collection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Records include press releases, correspondence, general administrative files, event information, personnel biographical files, photographs, and assorted media.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Madison College","James Madison University","James Madison University -- Sports","Chappell Graduation Images","Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","William, Jackameit","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Acosta, Jim","Godwin, Mills E. (Mills Edwin), 1914-1999","Chandler, Wallace L. (Wallace Lee), 1926-2021","Miller, G. Tyler (George Tyler), 1902-1988","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","North, Oliver, 1943-","Obama, Barack","McDonnell, Robert F.","Campanelli, Lou","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024","Dingledine, Raymond C., Jr., 1919-1990","Jennings, Lillian Pegues, 1926-2016","Jenkins, Marie M. (Marie Magdalen), 1909-1997","Morrison, Lee (Lonnie Leotus), 1926-2015","Ramsey, Inez Linn, 1938-2025","Riley, James R. (James Rex), 1938-1987","Smith, Elmer Lewis, 1920-1981","Sonner, Ray V., Dr. (Ray Vincent), 1925-2012","Spaar, Lisa Russ (1956-03-17)","Theodore, Crystal, 1917-2012","Benson, Arthur Jerry","Bolgiano, Chris","Borg, Kevin L.","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Geier, Clarence R., 1944-","Grayson, Joann, 1948-","Hyser, Raymond M., 1955-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Kohen, Andrew I.","Leary, James J.","Matthews, Mickey","Morley-Mower, Geoffrey, 1918-2005","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Torisky, Danielle","Baliles, Gerald L. (Gerald Lee) (1940-07-08-2019-10-29)","Duke, Samuel Page, 1885-1955","Robb, Charles S. (Charles Spittal) (1939-06-26)","Terry, Mary Sue","Warner, John W., 1927-","Warren, Percy H. (Percy Holmes), 1906-1965","Wilder, Lawrence Douglas, 1931-","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Lancaster, Dabney S. (Dabney Stewart), 1889-1975","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","Spurlock, James B., Jr., d. 2019","Taylor, James H., Jr.","Wampler, Charles W., Jr., 1915-2017","White, Helen Mugler (1903-1990)","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Allen, George, 1952-","Olin, Jim, 1920-2006","Holton, A. Linwood (Abner Linwood), 1923-","Adams, Patch, 1945-","Townes, Linton, 1959-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0003","/repositories/4/resources/776"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"collection_title_tesim":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"collection_ssim":["University Communications and Marketing records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","William, Jackameit"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","William, Jackameit"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","William, Jackameit"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing"],"creators_ssim":["Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","William, Jackameit","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records and personnel employment records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.","For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Sixty-two binders of press releases were transferred by Fred Hilton of JMU Communications in September 1987. Other offices in Wilson Hall presumably contributed to the transfer though specific provenance is unclear. Two accessions of 64 scrapbooks containing newspaper clippings from local newspapers were recieved in 1988. These materials were deaccessioned in 2022 due to duplication in other sources. Beginning in 2013 through 2022, ten record transfers from Communications and Marketing were made to Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Universities and colleges -- Public relations","College publicity","Special events -- Marketing","College sports -- Marketing","College sports -- Public relations","College students -- Social life and customs","Administrative records","Letters (correspondence)","Press releases","Photographs","Biographical sketches","Résumés (personnel records)","Personnel records","Speeches (Documents)","Programs (documents)","Pen and ink drawings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Universities and colleges -- Public relations","College publicity","Special events -- Marketing","College sports -- Marketing","College sports -- Public relations","College students -- Social life and customs","Administrative records","Letters (correspondence)","Press releases","Photographs","Biographical sketches","Résumés (personnel records)","Personnel records","Speeches (Documents)","Programs (documents)","Pen and ink drawings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["32.98 cubic feet 93 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["32.98 cubic feet 93 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records","Letters (correspondence)","Press releases","Photographs","Biographical sketches","Résumés (personnel records)","Personnel records","Speeches (Documents)","Programs (documents)","Pen and ink drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eApproximately 64 scrapbooks (from accessions PR 88-1015, PR 88-1027) comprising newspaper clippings were deaccessioned in December 2022. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo the archivist's best ability, records containing personal identifying information (PII) particularly pertaining to student records and personnel files, were removed from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExtraneous and duplicative copies of university publications as well as photocopies of published materials and website print-outs (particularly related to James Madison) were not retained. Copies of Board of Visitors minutes, duplicative of those contained in UA 0010, were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eForms and documents issued by the Library of Virginia and related to JMU's public records retention and disposal including Certificates or Records Disposal (form RM-3), Records Transfer List and Receipt (form RM-17), Records Retention and Disposition Schedules (form RM-2), and other related forms were not retained. These files primarily contained photocopies and carbon copies of the aforementioned forms.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDraft versions of Montpelier/Madison Magazine articles as well as email correspondence related to edits were not retained. The final published issues of the magazines are held by Special Collections and are considered to be the official version of record. Unless markedly compelling or otherwise significant, documents related to the design, editing, and drafting process of Montpelier/Madison Magazine were not retained. A similar appraisal approach was taken for materials related to website updates.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEpisodes of \"With Good Reason\" (copied on CDs), which originally aired on Virginia National Public Radio stations between 2007-2010 and featuring JMU faculty or on JMU-related topics, were not retained due to duplication of originals held by Virginia Humanities and made available online at https://www.withgoodreasonradio.org/.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Approximately 64 scrapbooks (from accessions PR 88-1015, PR 88-1027) comprising newspaper clippings were deaccessioned in December 2022. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library.","To the archivist's best ability, records containing personal identifying information (PII) particularly pertaining to student records and personnel files, were removed from the collection.","Extraneous and duplicative copies of university publications as well as photocopies of published materials and website print-outs (particularly related to James Madison) were not retained. Copies of Board of Visitors minutes, duplicative of those contained in UA 0010, were not retained.","Forms and documents issued by the Library of Virginia and related to JMU's public records retention and disposal including Certificates or Records Disposal (form RM-3), Records Transfer List and Receipt (form RM-17), Records Retention and Disposition Schedules (form RM-2), and other related forms were not retained. These files primarily contained photocopies and carbon copies of the aforementioned forms.","Draft versions of Montpelier/Madison Magazine articles as well as email correspondence related to edits were not retained. The final published issues of the magazines are held by Special Collections and are considered to be the official version of record. Unless markedly compelling or otherwise significant, documents related to the design, editing, and drafting process of Montpelier/Madison Magazine were not retained. A similar appraisal approach was taken for materials related to website updates.","Episodes of \"With Good Reason\" (copied on CDs), which originally aired on Virginia National Public Radio stations between 2007-2010 and featuring JMU faculty or on JMU-related topics, were not retained due to duplication of originals held by Virginia Humanities and made available online at https://www.withgoodreasonradio.org/."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into seven series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePress releases, 1969-2010\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative files, 1954-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEvents, 1967-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePersonnel biographical files, 1930-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1979-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 1970-2011\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMedia, 1980-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into seven series:","Press releases, 1969-2010 Administrative files, 1954-2014 Events, 1967-2014 Personnel biographical files, 1930-2008 Correspondence, 1979-2014 Photographs, 1970-2011 Media, 1980-2017"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University's Communications and Marketing Department, known variously throughout the years as Public Relations Department, Department of Public Services, Media Relations, University Marketing and Branding, etc., was created in 1967, headed by Richard C. Mandeville and overseen by the executive assistant to the president. The creation of this department was part of the major reorganization of the college in 1967 and one of its main concerns was information services. The Public Relations Department became the Department of Public Services in 1972. This department was headed by Ray V. Sonner, who oversaw the Office of Public Information which was responsible for sending press releases and pictures to off-campus media outlets. In 1973, sports information and public information each became a distinct office under the Department of Public Services. In 1976, the offices of sports information and public information were combined. Throughout this time, Sonner supervised the Department of Public and Sports Information, headed by Richard Murray and Milla Sue Wisecarver. The university's official publication, first known as Montpelier and later rebranded to Madison, was first published in 1977 and is produced for alumni, parents of JMU students, faculty and staff members, and friends of the university. Since 1984, the office that directed the public relations of the university has changed names many times. Fred Hilton, who served as chief public relations officer and later as Director of the Centennial Celebration from 1972 until 2009, contributed greatly to the administrative functions of JMU's Communications and Marketing Department. As a result, Hilton is a significant contributor to the collection as a records creator. Don Egle, Hilton's successor, served as Senior Director of Communications and University Spokesperson until 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Madison University's Communications and Marketing Department, known variously throughout the years as Public Relations Department, Department of Public Services, Media Relations, University Marketing and Branding, etc., was created in 1967, headed by Richard C. Mandeville and overseen by the executive assistant to the president. The creation of this department was part of the major reorganization of the college in 1967 and one of its main concerns was information services. The Public Relations Department became the Department of Public Services in 1972. This department was headed by Ray V. Sonner, who oversaw the Office of Public Information which was responsible for sending press releases and pictures to off-campus media outlets. In 1973, sports information and public information each became a distinct office under the Department of Public Services. In 1976, the offices of sports information and public information were combined. Throughout this time, Sonner supervised the Department of Public and Sports Information, headed by Richard Murray and Milla Sue Wisecarver. The university's official publication, first known as Montpelier and later rebranded to Madison, was first published in 1977 and is produced for alumni, parents of JMU students, faculty and staff members, and friends of the university. Since 1984, the office that directed the public relations of the university has changed names many times. Fred Hilton, who served as chief public relations officer and later as Director of the Centennial Celebration from 1972 until 2009, contributed greatly to the administrative functions of JMU's Communications and Marketing Department. As a result, Hilton is a significant contributor to the collection as a records creator. Don Egle, Hilton's successor, served as Senior Director of Communications and University Spokesperson until 2015."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], University Communications and Marketing records, 1930-2017, UA 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], University Communications and Marketing records, 1930-2017, UA 0003, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was minimally processed in June 2015 by Emily Rheault under the collection number PR 87-0922. Collection fully reprocessed in October 2022 under the collection number UA 0003. At this time, two boxes of duplicate press releases and photocopied newspaper clippings were deaccessioned. Approximately 64 scrapbooks comprising newspaper clippings were also deaccessioned. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library. In August 2025, the collection organization and finding aid was significantly updated to reflect the incorporation of 10 previously unprocessed accessions from JMU Communications and Marketing. Prior to the incorporation of these additional records, the collection was titled Office of Public Affairs press releases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDonor supplied folder labels and groupings of materials were retained where possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA group of drawings on paper and polyester transparencies documenting campus buildings and maps exhibited significant degradation due to adhesive transfer and adhesion to other materials. They were not salvageable and were not retained. Similarly impacted university logos were also discarded.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCASE awards, measuring 8.5\" x 11\" and mounted on foam board, were photocopied and originals discarded to conserve space.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was minimally processed in June 2015 by Emily Rheault under the collection number PR 87-0922. Collection fully reprocessed in October 2022 under the collection number UA 0003. At this time, two boxes of duplicate press releases and photocopied newspaper clippings were deaccessioned. Approximately 64 scrapbooks comprising newspaper clippings were also deaccessioned. The contents of the newspaper clippings is duplicated in the press releases and newspaper holdings within Carrier Library. In August 2025, the collection organization and finding aid was significantly updated to reflect the incorporation of 10 previously unprocessed accessions from JMU Communications and Marketing. Prior to the incorporation of these additional records, the collection was titled Office of Public Affairs press releases.","Donor supplied folder labels and groupings of materials were retained where possible.","A group of drawings on paper and polyester transparencies documenting campus buildings and maps exhibited significant degradation due to adhesive transfer and adhesion to other materials. They were not salvageable and were not retained. Similarly impacted university logos were also discarded.","CASE awards, measuring 8.5\" x 11\" and mounted on foam board, were photocopied and originals discarded to conserve space."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Media relations, communications, public affairs, publicity, and brand strategy also fall under the department's portfolio. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRecords include general and sports press releases; correspondence written by and on behalf of university administration and FOIA requests; general administrative files related to marketing and branding initiatives as well as select university publications; event information including speeches that primarily concern commencement and other large/recurring events; personnel biographical files; photographs documenting inaugurations, commencements and other events; and assorted media.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Media relations, communications, public affairs, publicity, and brand strategy also fall under the department's portfolio. ","Records include general and sports press releases; correspondence written by and on behalf of university administration and FOIA requests; general administrative files related to marketing and branding initiatives as well as select university publications; event information including speeches that primarily concern commencement and other large/recurring events; personnel biographical files; photographs documenting inaugurations, commencements and other events; and assorted media."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIssues of What's Up, Time \u0026amp; Place, and JMU Extra, weekly distributions of university event calendars and event schedules, major reports, issues of university publications, and sports media guides were separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Issues of What's Up, Time \u0026 Place, and JMU Extra, weekly distributions of university event calendars and event schedules, major reports, issues of university publications, and sports media guides were separated from the collection and cataloged bibliographically."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStaff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records and personnel employment records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user.","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records and personnel employment records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.","For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e210868c4b1e9b6c2f02c08c040f44ef\"\u003eCollection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Records include press releases, correspondence, general administrative files, event information, personnel biographical files, photographs, and assorted media.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection documents the varied functions and activities of James Madison University's Communications and Marketing office whose main objective is to advance the university's brand. Records include press releases, correspondence, general administrative files, event information, personnel biographical files, photographs, and assorted media."],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Madison College","James Madison University","James Madison University -- Sports","William, Jackameit"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Madison College","James Madison University","James Madison University -- Sports","Chappell Graduation Images","Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","William, Jackameit","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Acosta, Jim","Godwin, Mills E. (Mills Edwin), 1914-1999","Chandler, Wallace L. (Wallace Lee), 1926-2021","Miller, G. Tyler (George Tyler), 1902-1988","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","North, Oliver, 1943-","Obama, Barack","McDonnell, Robert F.","Campanelli, Lou","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024","Dingledine, Raymond C., Jr., 1919-1990","Jennings, Lillian Pegues, 1926-2016","Jenkins, Marie M. (Marie Magdalen), 1909-1997","Morrison, Lee (Lonnie Leotus), 1926-2015","Ramsey, Inez Linn, 1938-2025","Riley, James R. (James Rex), 1938-1987","Smith, Elmer Lewis, 1920-1981","Sonner, Ray V., Dr. (Ray Vincent), 1925-2012","Spaar, Lisa Russ (1956-03-17)","Theodore, Crystal, 1917-2012","Benson, Arthur Jerry","Bolgiano, Chris","Borg, Kevin L.","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Geier, Clarence R., 1944-","Grayson, Joann, 1948-","Hyser, Raymond M., 1955-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Kohen, Andrew I.","Leary, James J.","Matthews, Mickey","Morley-Mower, Geoffrey, 1918-2005","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Torisky, Danielle","Baliles, Gerald L. (Gerald Lee) (1940-07-08-2019-10-29)","Duke, Samuel Page, 1885-1955","Robb, Charles S. (Charles Spittal) (1939-06-26)","Terry, Mary Sue","Warner, John W., 1927-","Warren, Percy H. (Percy Holmes), 1906-1965","Wilder, Lawrence Douglas, 1931-","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Lancaster, Dabney S. (Dabney Stewart), 1889-1975","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","Spurlock, James B., Jr., d. 2019","Taylor, James H., Jr.","Wampler, Charles W., Jr., 1915-2017","White, Helen Mugler (1903-1990)","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Allen, George, 1952-","Olin, Jim, 1920-2006","Holton, A. Linwood (Abner Linwood), 1923-","Adams, Patch, 1945-","Townes, Linton, 1959-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. University Communications and Marketing","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Madison College","James Madison University","James Madison University -- Sports","Chappell Graduation Images"],"persname_ssim":["Hilton, Fred, 1943-2022","William, Jackameit","Madison, James, 1751-1836","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","Acosta, Jim","Godwin, Mills E. (Mills Edwin), 1914-1999","Chandler, Wallace L. (Wallace Lee), 1926-2021","Miller, G. Tyler (George Tyler), 1902-1988","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","North, Oliver, 1943-","Obama, Barack","McDonnell, Robert F.","Campanelli, Lou","Driesell, Lefty, 1931-2024","Dingledine, Raymond C., Jr., 1919-1990","Jennings, Lillian Pegues, 1926-2016","Jenkins, Marie M. (Marie Magdalen), 1909-1997","Morrison, Lee (Lonnie Leotus), 1926-2015","Ramsey, Inez Linn, 1938-2025","Riley, James R. (James Rex), 1938-1987","Smith, Elmer Lewis, 1920-1981","Sonner, Ray V., Dr. (Ray Vincent), 1925-2012","Spaar, Lisa Russ (1956-03-17)","Theodore, Crystal, 1917-2012","Benson, Arthur Jerry","Bolgiano, Chris","Borg, Kevin L.","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Geier, Clarence R., 1944-","Grayson, Joann, 1948-","Hyser, Raymond M., 1955-","Ingham, William Herbert, 1947-","Kohen, Andrew I.","Leary, James J.","Matthews, Mickey","Morley-Mower, Geoffrey, 1918-2005","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Torisky, Danielle","Baliles, Gerald L. (Gerald Lee) (1940-07-08-2019-10-29)","Duke, Samuel Page, 1885-1955","Robb, Charles S. (Charles Spittal) (1939-06-26)","Terry, Mary Sue","Warner, John W., 1927-","Warren, Percy H. (Percy Holmes), 1906-1965","Wilder, Lawrence Douglas, 1931-","Johnson, Deborah Tompkins","Lancaster, Dabney S. (Dabney Stewart), 1889-1975","Lee, Emily Lewis, 1922-2014","Roop, V. Inez Graybeal (Vivian Inez), 1913-2010","Showker, Zane D. (Zane Durwood), 1926-2004","Spurlock, James B., Jr., d. 2019","Taylor, James H., Jr.","Wampler, Charles W., Jr., 1915-2017","White, Helen Mugler (1903-1990)","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Allen, George, 1952-","Olin, Jim, 1920-2006","Holton, A. Linwood (Abner Linwood), 1923-","Adams, Patch, 1945-","Townes, Linton, 1959-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1044,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:00:23.623Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_776_c04_c22_c58"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c50","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c50#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c50","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c50"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c50","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements","Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)","title_ssm":["Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)"],"title_tesim":["Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":134,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"names_ssim":["Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)"],"corpname_ssim":["Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#49","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:59:06.645Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"text":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. ","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. ","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. 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However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. 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"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. 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Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. 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As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a529a2c38d121fdde0314d969f333b47\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_373f2e30983497a8d378a6d2d0fc3719\" label=\"Location\"\u003eThis collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. 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","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00092#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_vifgm00092","ead_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00092","_root_":"vifgm_vifgm00092","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_vifgm00092","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/vifgm00092.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["Zelda Fichandler papers\n"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Fichandler papers\n"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2000\n"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2000\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0010\n"],"text":["C0010\n","Zelda Fichandler papers","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Organized by folder.\n","Zelda Fichandler was the Founding Director of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. and its primary artistic force from 1950-1990. Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n","\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n","\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n","\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n","This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n","This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","George Mason University.  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Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Fichandler was the Founding Director of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. and its primary artistic force from 1950-1990. Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n","\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n","\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n","\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University.  Special Collections and Archives.\n","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Zelda Fichandler\n"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University.  Special Collections and Archives.\n","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2919,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:58:02.027Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_vifgm00092","ead_ssi":"vifgm_vifgm00092","_root_":"vifgm_vifgm00092","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_vifgm00092","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/vifgm00092.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["Zelda Fichandler papers\n"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Fichandler papers\n"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2000\n"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2000\n"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0010\n"],"text":["C0010\n","Zelda Fichandler papers","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Organized by folder.\n","Zelda Fichandler was the Founding Director of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. and its primary artistic force from 1950-1990. Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n","\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n","\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n","\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n","This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n","This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","George Mason University.  Special Collections and Archives.\n","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Zelda Fichandler\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["C0010\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Fichandler papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Fichandler papers"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"creator_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"creators_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater--Washington (D.C.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater--Washington (D.C.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["104.5 linear ft.; 209 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["104.5 linear ft.; 209 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized by folder.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized by folder.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Fichandler was the Founding Director of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. and its primary artistic force from 1950-1990. Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Fichandler was the Founding Director of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. and its primary artistic force from 1950-1990. Her history-making example, force of personality, and eloquence as a speaker and writer have made her a leading national figure in the performing arts and Arena Stage a model for scores of cultural institutions established around the country. Zelda's personal vision for theatre has had a transforming effect on the entire field, switching the axis from Broadway to the rest of the nation in the production of new work. She is considered a parent of the regional theatre in America.\n","\nZelda embraced a vast sweep of dramatic literature which reverberated through the commercial and non-commercial theatre world and into film and television. She directed many of Arena's productions including Mrs. Klein, Uncle Vanya, The Three Sisters, Death of a Salesman, An Enemy of the People, Six Characters in Search of an Author, and A Doll House; and the American premieres of new Eastern European works, Duck Hunting, The Ascent of Mt. Fuji, and Screenplay. Arena Stage was the first American theatre company, sponsored by the State Department, to tour the then-Soviet Union. Her Inherit the Wind played in Moscow and St. Petersburg in 1973, the company performed her After the Fall at the 1980 Hong Kong Arts Festival, and in 1987, her production of The Crucible appeared at the Israel Festival in Jerusalem.\nAs a producer, Zelda nurtured all of Arena's plays, making a home for important European playwrights like Brecht, Frisch, Ionesco, Mrozek, and Orkeny, alongside significant American revivals of works by Albee, Miller, Williams, O'Neill, Thornton Wilder, Kaufman and Hart and classics by Shakespeare, Shaw, Moliere, Ibsen, and others. Broadway, too, has felt the impact of Zelda's work, especially with the development of new plays. The Great White Hope, Indians, Moonchildren, Pueblo, A History of the American Film, The Madness of God, Raisin, and K2 all started at Arena Stage. She left the artistic leadership of Arena in 1991 to her close associate, Douglas C. Wager.\nZelda also made Arena the theatre of the \"second chance,\" where plays like Summer of the 17th Doll, Saturday, Sunday, Monday, and The Comedians found life after commercial failure in New York.\n","\nZelda's concern for the development of young actors led her, in 1984, to take on, in addition, the role of Chair of the Graduate Acting Program and Master Teacher of Acting and Directing at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, a position which she continues to fill. Graduates of this premier program now occupy leading positions in film, television, and the stage, winning top awards in the various media. From 1991 through 1994, she also served as the Artistic Director of The Acting Company, a young company of actors that tours a classical repertory throughout America. The link between professional theatre and training is important to Zelda as a means \"to attract young people to the benefits of company work and to train them to perform in the broadest repertory.\" The idea of \"company\" has animated her work since the beginning, and her goal now is to establish in New York an acting company composed primarily of graduates from the Graduate Acting Program. Many agents, casting directors, and stage directors consider the Program at Tisch to be the most innovative and creative in the country.\n","\nZelda has received the National Medal of the Arts, awarded in 1997 by President Clinton, the Common Wealth Award for distinguished service to the dramatic arts, The Brandeis University Creative Arts award, The Acting Company's John Houseman Award for commitment to the development of young American actors, the Margo Jones Award for the production of new plays, Washingtonian of the Year Award, the Ortho 21st Century Women Trailblazer Award, and the Society for Stage Directors and Choreographers George Abbott Award. The New York commercial theatre world awarded Zelda and Arena Stage the Antoinette Perry or 'Tony' Award in 1976, the first to be given to a company outside New York. In 1999 she was inducted into the Theatre Hall of Fame, making her the first artistic leader outside of New York to receive this honor.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n","\nThe bulk of collection contains Zelda's research of plays including; playbills and programs, reviews, articles, correspondence regarding plays and their past productions and audience response letters.\nItems of note include many papers regarding the original production of The Great White Hope, and information regarding Arena Stages tour of Russia in 1973.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the working and personal papers of Zelda Fichandler.  Items include correspondence regarding productions, staff, finances, playwrights and actors as well as personal matters and speeches and remarks given by Zelda.\n"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University.  Special Collections and Archives.\n","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Zelda Fichandler\n"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University.  Special Collections and Archives.\n","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Zelda Fichandler\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2919,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:58:02.027Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_vifgm00092"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_574#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_574#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_574#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_574.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nordlinger, Zelda K., Papers","title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"text":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574","Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers","Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.","Series 1 Personal Files, 1970-2008 Series 2 Subject Files, 1972-2000","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. ","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as  The Back Page ,  The New Yorker , and  Ms. Magazine .","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. ","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\"  Richmond Times-Dispatch .    (Article link) ","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n  (Interview link)","The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. ","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. ","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. ","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. ","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. ","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications  Ms. Magazine ,  The Woman's Calendar , and  Mother Jones . Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of  Playgirl  and an issue of  Time . All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda K. 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She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Back Page\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Yorker\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.  \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.richmond.com/entertainment/zelda-k-nordlinger-feminist-activist-dies/article_179f2bbf-6612-52f0-a8c7-77d83f243385.html\"\u003e (Article link) \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3Aohi?page=1\"\u003e (Interview link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. ","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as  The Back Page ,  The New Yorker , and  Ms. Magazine .","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. ","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\"  Richmond Times-Dispatch .    (Article link) ","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n  (Interview link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eInformational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExamples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Woman's Calendar\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMother Jones\u003c/title\u003e. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003ePlaygirl\u003c/title\u003e and an issue of \u003ctitle\u003eTime\u003c/title\u003e. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. ","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. ","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. ","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. ","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. ","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications  Ms. Magazine ,  The Woman's Calendar , and  Mother Jones . Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of  Playgirl  and an issue of  Time . All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"persname_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_574.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nordlinger, Zelda K., Papers","title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"text":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574","Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers","Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.","Series 1 Personal Files, 1970-2008 Series 2 Subject Files, 1972-2000","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. ","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as  The Back Page ,  The New Yorker , and  Ms. Magazine .","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. ","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\"  Richmond Times-Dispatch .    (Article link) ","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n  (Interview link)","The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. ","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. ","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. ","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. ","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. ","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications  Ms. Magazine ,  The Woman's Calendar , and  Mother Jones . Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of  Playgirl  and an issue of  Time . All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda K. 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She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Back Page\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Yorker\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.  \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.richmond.com/entertainment/zelda-k-nordlinger-feminist-activist-dies/article_179f2bbf-6612-52f0-a8c7-77d83f243385.html\"\u003e (Article link) \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3Aohi?page=1\"\u003e (Interview link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. ","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as  The Back Page ,  The New Yorker , and  Ms. Magazine .","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. ","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\"  Richmond Times-Dispatch .    (Article link) ","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n  (Interview link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eInformational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExamples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Woman's Calendar\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMother Jones\u003c/title\u003e. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003ePlaygirl\u003c/title\u003e and an issue of \u003ctitle\u003eTime\u003c/title\u003e. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. ","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. ","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. ","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. ","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. ","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications  Ms. Magazine ,  The Woman's Calendar , and  Mother Jones . Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of  Playgirl  and an issue of  Time . All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"persname_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_574"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,","Series II: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,","Series II: Correspondence"],"text":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,","Series II: Correspondence","Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,","box 3","folder 13"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,","title_ssm":["Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,"],"title_tesim":["Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1998-2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1998/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelia Lawrence Correspondence,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":62,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 13"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:46:29.779Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2660","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2660.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records","title_ssm":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2011.020"],"text":["Ms.2011.020","Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into three series--Series I: Program Papers, Series II: Correspondence, and Series III: Pamphlets and Publications. The first series contains the program papers, in alphabetical order. The second series contains correspondence to program chairs, arranged by individual, in chronological order. The third series contains various publications, separated to local handbooks, VFGC Yearbooks, and other publications, with each group arranged chronologically.","The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs is a non-profit educational organization based out of Richmond, VA and is the state affiliate of the National Garden Club. They provide information on a variety of topics including flowers, gardening, and environmental responsibility, and also sponsor scholarships for students interested in horticulture and grants for community and youth projects.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records was completed in March 2011.","The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003. The bulk of the collection contains programs that members could borrow to watch or present at regional club meetings. Some of the papers are written presentations, while others contain slides and slide descriptions. A few programs also have cassette tapes. ","The collection also houses some correspondence relating to previous program chairs, mostly giving feedback on the various program papers they had used. The collection is completed with yearbooks from the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, handbooks from the local garden club chapter, and a few educational books and pamphlets.  ","The following VHS tapes have been removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Media Collection:  Gardening from the Ground Up - Herbs Gardening from the Ground Up - Bulbs Gardening from the Ground Up - Annuals, Bi-Annuals, Perennials Gardening from the Ground Up - Landscaping Man of the Trees Integrated Pest Management New Dimensions in Floral Design Voices of Vision: The Future of Virginia's Environment Your Water Your Life Perennial Gardening The Art of Landscaping Design The Art of Landscaping Shopping and Planting","Permission to publish material from Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2011.020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records were donated to Special Collections in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.9 Cubic Feet 5 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.9 Cubic Feet 5 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series--Series I: Program Papers, Series II: Correspondence, and Series III: Pamphlets and Publications. The first series contains the program papers, in alphabetical order. The second series contains correspondence to program chairs, arranged by individual, in chronological order. The third series contains various publications, separated to local handbooks, VFGC Yearbooks, and other publications, with each group arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series--Series I: Program Papers, Series II: Correspondence, and Series III: Pamphlets and Publications. The first series contains the program papers, in alphabetical order. The second series contains correspondence to program chairs, arranged by individual, in chronological order. The third series contains various publications, separated to local handbooks, VFGC Yearbooks, and other publications, with each group arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs is a non-profit educational organization based out of Richmond, VA and is the state affiliate of the National Garden Club. They provide information on a variety of topics including flowers, gardening, and environmental responsibility, and also sponsor scholarships for students interested in horticulture and grants for community and youth projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs is a non-profit educational organization based out of Richmond, VA and is the state affiliate of the National Garden Club. They provide information on a variety of topics including flowers, gardening, and environmental responsibility, and also sponsor scholarships for students interested in horticulture and grants for community and youth projects."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records, Ms2011-020, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records, Ms2011-020, Special Collections, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records was completed in March 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records was completed in March 2011."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003. The bulk of the collection contains programs that members could borrow to watch or present at regional club meetings. Some of the papers are written presentations, while others contain slides and slide descriptions. A few programs also have cassette tapes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also houses some correspondence relating to previous program chairs, mostly giving feedback on the various program papers they had used. The collection is completed with yearbooks from the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, handbooks from the local garden club chapter, and a few educational books and pamphlets.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003. The bulk of the collection contains programs that members could borrow to watch or present at regional club meetings. Some of the papers are written presentations, while others contain slides and slide descriptions. A few programs also have cassette tapes. ","The collection also houses some correspondence relating to previous program chairs, mostly giving feedback on the various program papers they had used. The collection is completed with yearbooks from the Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs, handbooks from the local garden club chapter, and a few educational books and pamphlets.  "],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\u003chead\u003eThe following VHS tapes have been removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Media Collection: \u003c/head\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGardening from the Ground Up - Herbs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGardening from the Ground Up - Bulbs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGardening from the Ground Up - Annuals, Bi-Annuals, Perennials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eGardening from the Ground Up - Landscaping\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMan of the Trees\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eIntegrated Pest Management\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew Dimensions in Floral Design\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVoices of Vision: The Future of Virginia's Environment\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eYour Water Your Life\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePerennial Gardening\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Art of Landscaping Design\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Art of Landscaping Shopping and Planting\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following VHS tapes have been removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Media Collection:  Gardening from the Ground Up - Herbs Gardening from the Ground Up - Bulbs Gardening from the Ground Up - Annuals, Bi-Annuals, Perennials Gardening from the Ground Up - Landscaping Man of the Trees Integrated Pest Management New Dimensions in Floral Design Voices of Vision: The Future of Virginia's Environment Your Water Your Life Perennial Gardening The Art of Landscaping Design The Art of Landscaping Shopping and Planting"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Virginia Federation of Garden Club Records must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d6c827cdc0b37ed497f9d5ff1d4d3e9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs Records contains program papers, correspondence, and publications relating to the VFGC from 1942-2003."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Federation of Garden Clubs (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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