{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=213","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=212","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=214","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026page=246"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":213,"next_page":214,"prev_page":212,"total_pages":246,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2120,"total_count":2457,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Officer papers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"text":["Records of HokiePRIDE","Series I: Officer papers","English ."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Officer papers","title_ssm":["Series I: Officer papers"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Officer papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1999-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1999/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Officer papers"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":19,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Access to unredacted HokiePRIDE Library circulation records is restricted. Contact Special Collections for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish material from Records of HokiePRIDE must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"date_range_isim":[1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"language_ssim":["English ."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:44.292Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3257.xml","title_filing_ssi":"HokiePRIDE, Records of ","title_ssm":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"title_tesim":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"unitdate_ssm":["1971-2015","1995-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1995-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1971-2015"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.31.14.15"],"text":["RG.31.14.15","Records of HokiePRIDE","LGBTQ history","Sexual minorities","University Archives","University History","Collection is open for research. Access to unredacted HokiePRIDE Library circulation records is restricted. Contact Special Collections for more information.","The records are divided into four sections reflecting the major groupings present when the records were received from HokiePRIDE. Folder titles are those supplied by HokiePRIDE for the majority of folders, especially those in the Office and Resource Center Records, and the Resources.","I: Officer papers , includes papers from the President, Vice President of the Interior, Vice President of the Exterior, Gay Awareness Week Chair, AIDS Awareness Week Chair, Webmaster, and Films Chair. It also includes applications for these positions and handbooks on programming and meeting materials from the Commission on Student Affairs meetings from 2008-2013.","II: Office and Resource Center Records , includes resource center sign-in sheets and library circulation records, copies of political action petitions, documentation of hate incidents on campus, Safe Zone materials, copies of the HokiePRIDE constitution, event planning documentation, event flyers, and more.","III: Resources , includes copies of various resources that were maintained in the HokiePRIDE resource center office for the use of members of the campus community. These include pamphlets and other documentation on a variety of sexuality and gender topics and organizational information for groups such as PFLAG, the Human Rights Campaign, the National Organization for Women, and the Roanoke Diversity Center.","IV: Finances , includes budget requests and accounting records for HokiePRIDE from 1995/1996 through 2014/2015 and budget requests for other student organizations from 2012/2013 to 2013/2014.","HokiePRIDE was originally founded in 1985 as Lambda Horizons (sometimes written as Lambda Horizon). In 1994, the group was renamed the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Alliance (LGBA). Then, in 1999, the name was changed again to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance (LGBTA). In 2014 the name changed once more to the current name, HokiePRIDE.","HokiePRIDE was the second officially recognized LGBTQIA+ student group formed at Virginia Tech following the Gay Alliance of Virginia Tech (GAVT) in 1971. It also followed three unofficial groups: the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) in 1970, the Gay Student Union (GSU) in 1975, and the Gay Student Alliance (GSA) in 1976.","The early goals of HokiePRIDE included providing a place on campus for gay and lesbian members of the university community to meet without judgement, helping educate the campus community about homosexuality, and creating a positive image of gay and lesbian people. Over time, the group's mission expanded to include advocacy for everyone under the societally defined umbrella of LGBTQIA+, including bisexual, asexual, pansexual, transgender, and intersex people.","The group implemented multiple programs on campus to advocate on behalf of the LGBTQIA+ population including Gay Awareness Week, AIDS Awareness Week, National Coming Out Day, Freedom to Marry Day, Pride Week, advocacy for hate crimes legislation, and the organization of Safe Line, Safe Watch, the Safe Zone program, and more.","For more information on the current organization, see their website:  http://www.hokiepride.org.vt.edu/","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of HokiePRIDE records commenced in December 2016 and completed in April 2018.","The Records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance. The records consist of papers from the organization's officers, handbooks on programming and organizational operations for student groups, office records from the HokiePRIDE office and the original LGBT Resource Center (circa 2000s), event planning information, resource pamphlets, organizational marketing information, and directories that were available to visitors to the HokiePRIDE offices, and copies of organizational budgetary requests and financial accounting documentation. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the contents of the collection.","The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","Appalachian Heritage , vol. 34, no. 3, Summer 2006\n Soft Shorts  by Anna Van Evera, 1992\n Homosexuality and The Bible  by Walter Wink, 1996","The following materials were removed from the collection and added to the University Archives:","The Bugle , 2002 (Virginia Tech yearbook)","Permission to publish material from Records of HokiePRIDE must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance, including officer papers, office records,  event planning information, resource pamphlets and directories, and copies of budgetary requests and accounting records.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","HokiePRIDE","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RG.31.14.15"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"collection_ssim":["Records of HokiePRIDE"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["HokiePRIDE"],"creator_ssim":["HokiePRIDE"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["HokiePRIDE"],"creators_ssim":["HokiePRIDE"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Records of HokiePRIDE must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Records of HokiePRIDE records were donated to Special Collections in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["LGBTQ history","Sexual minorities","University Archives","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["LGBTQ history","Sexual minorities","University Archives","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.5 Cubic Feet 4 boxes, 1 folder, 2 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["3.5 Cubic Feet 4 boxes, 1 folder, 2 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Access to unredacted HokiePRIDE Library circulation records is restricted. Contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Access to unredacted HokiePRIDE Library circulation records is restricted. Contact Special Collections for more information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are divided into four sections reflecting the major groupings present when the records were received from HokiePRIDE. Folder titles are those supplied by HokiePRIDE for the majority of folders, especially those in the Office and Resource Center Records, and the Resources.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eI: Officer papers\u003c/emph\u003e, includes papers from the President, Vice President of the Interior, Vice President of the Exterior, Gay Awareness Week Chair, AIDS Awareness Week Chair, Webmaster, and Films Chair. It also includes applications for these positions and handbooks on programming and meeting materials from the Commission on Student Affairs meetings from 2008-2013.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eII: Office and Resource Center Records\u003c/emph\u003e, includes resource center sign-in sheets and library circulation records, copies of political action petitions, documentation of hate incidents on campus, Safe Zone materials, copies of the HokiePRIDE constitution, event planning documentation, event flyers, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIII: Resources\u003c/emph\u003e, includes copies of various resources that were maintained in the HokiePRIDE resource center office for the use of members of the campus community. These include pamphlets and other documentation on a variety of sexuality and gender topics and organizational information for groups such as PFLAG, the Human Rights Campaign, the National Organization for Women, and the Roanoke Diversity Center.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eIV: Finances\u003c/emph\u003e, includes budget requests and accounting records for HokiePRIDE from 1995/1996 through 2014/2015 and budget requests for other student organizations from 2012/2013 to 2013/2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are divided into four sections reflecting the major groupings present when the records were received from HokiePRIDE. Folder titles are those supplied by HokiePRIDE for the majority of folders, especially those in the Office and Resource Center Records, and the Resources.","I: Officer papers , includes papers from the President, Vice President of the Interior, Vice President of the Exterior, Gay Awareness Week Chair, AIDS Awareness Week Chair, Webmaster, and Films Chair. It also includes applications for these positions and handbooks on programming and meeting materials from the Commission on Student Affairs meetings from 2008-2013.","II: Office and Resource Center Records , includes resource center sign-in sheets and library circulation records, copies of political action petitions, documentation of hate incidents on campus, Safe Zone materials, copies of the HokiePRIDE constitution, event planning documentation, event flyers, and more.","III: Resources , includes copies of various resources that were maintained in the HokiePRIDE resource center office for the use of members of the campus community. These include pamphlets and other documentation on a variety of sexuality and gender topics and organizational information for groups such as PFLAG, the Human Rights Campaign, the National Organization for Women, and the Roanoke Diversity Center.","IV: Finances , includes budget requests and accounting records for HokiePRIDE from 1995/1996 through 2014/2015 and budget requests for other student organizations from 2012/2013 to 2013/2014."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHokiePRIDE was originally founded in 1985 as Lambda Horizons (sometimes written as Lambda Horizon). In 1994, the group was renamed the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Alliance (LGBA). Then, in 1999, the name was changed again to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance (LGBTA). In 2014 the name changed once more to the current name, HokiePRIDE.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHokiePRIDE was the second officially recognized LGBTQIA+ student group formed at Virginia Tech following the Gay Alliance of Virginia Tech (GAVT) in 1971. It also followed three unofficial groups: the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) in 1970, the Gay Student Union (GSU) in 1975, and the Gay Student Alliance (GSA) in 1976.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe early goals of HokiePRIDE included providing a place on campus for gay and lesbian members of the university community to meet without judgement, helping educate the campus community about homosexuality, and creating a positive image of gay and lesbian people. Over time, the group's mission expanded to include advocacy for everyone under the societally defined umbrella of LGBTQIA+, including bisexual, asexual, pansexual, transgender, and intersex people.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe group implemented multiple programs on campus to advocate on behalf of the LGBTQIA+ population including Gay Awareness Week, AIDS Awareness Week, National Coming Out Day, Freedom to Marry Day, Pride Week, advocacy for hate crimes legislation, and the organization of Safe Line, Safe Watch, the Safe Zone program, and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information on the current organization, see their website: \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://www.hokiepride.org.vt.edu/\" show=\"new\"\u003ehttp://www.hokiepride.org.vt.edu/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["HokiePRIDE was originally founded in 1985 as Lambda Horizons (sometimes written as Lambda Horizon). In 1994, the group was renamed the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Alliance (LGBA). Then, in 1999, the name was changed again to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance (LGBTA). In 2014 the name changed once more to the current name, HokiePRIDE.","HokiePRIDE was the second officially recognized LGBTQIA+ student group formed at Virginia Tech following the Gay Alliance of Virginia Tech (GAVT) in 1971. It also followed three unofficial groups: the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) in 1970, the Gay Student Union (GSU) in 1975, and the Gay Student Alliance (GSA) in 1976.","The early goals of HokiePRIDE included providing a place on campus for gay and lesbian members of the university community to meet without judgement, helping educate the campus community about homosexuality, and creating a positive image of gay and lesbian people. Over time, the group's mission expanded to include advocacy for everyone under the societally defined umbrella of LGBTQIA+, including bisexual, asexual, pansexual, transgender, and intersex people.","The group implemented multiple programs on campus to advocate on behalf of the LGBTQIA+ population including Gay Awareness Week, AIDS Awareness Week, National Coming Out Day, Freedom to Marry Day, Pride Week, advocacy for hate crimes legislation, and the organization of Safe Line, Safe Watch, the Safe Zone program, and more.","For more information on the current organization, see their website:  http://www.hokiepride.org.vt.edu/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Records of HokiePRIDE records, RG 31/14/15, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Records of HokiePRIDE records, RG 31/14/15, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of HokiePRIDE records commenced in December 2016 and completed in April 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of HokiePRIDE records commenced in December 2016 and completed in April 2018."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance. The records consist of papers from the organization's officers, handbooks on programming and organizational operations for student groups, office records from the HokiePRIDE office and the original LGBT Resource Center (circa 2000s), event planning information, resource pamphlets, organizational marketing information, and directories that were available to visitors to the HokiePRIDE offices, and copies of organizational budgetary requests and financial accounting documentation. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the contents of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance. The records consist of papers from the organization's officers, handbooks on programming and organizational operations for student groups, office records from the HokiePRIDE office and the original LGBT Resource Center (circa 2000s), event planning information, resource pamphlets, organizational marketing information, and directories that were available to visitors to the HokiePRIDE offices, and copies of organizational budgetary requests and financial accounting documentation. See the Arrangement note for additional information on the contents of the collection."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Heritage\u003c/emph\u003e, vol. 34, no. 3, Summer 2006\n\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSoft Shorts\u003c/emph\u003e by Anna Van Evera, 1992\n\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHomosexuality and The Bible\u003c/emph\u003e by Walter Wink, 1996\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following materials were removed from the collection and added to the University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle\u003c/emph\u003e, 2002 (Virginia Tech yearbook)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following materials were removed from the collection and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection:","Appalachian Heritage , vol. 34, no. 3, Summer 2006\n Soft Shorts  by Anna Van Evera, 1992\n Homosexuality and The Bible  by Walter Wink, 1996","The following materials were removed from the collection and added to the University Archives:","The Bugle , 2002 (Virginia Tech yearbook)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Records of HokiePRIDE must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Records of HokiePRIDE must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_24ad7ad6d222a4d11adaa11e03e5deb7\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance, including officer papers, office records,  event planning information, resource pamphlets and directories, and copies of budgetary requests and accounting records.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The records of HokiePRIDE records include materials from the HokiePRIDE student group including items from all of its named iterations: Lambda Horizions; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Alliance; and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Alliance, including officer papers, office records,  event planning information, resource pamphlets and directories, and copies of budgetary requests and accounting records."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","HokiePRIDE","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","HokiePRIDE","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":122,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:32:44.292Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3257_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Old Dominion Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Frank's career at Old Dominion University, including his teaching experience, organizations he was involved with, conferences he attended, and various Old Dominion publications.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_174"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_174"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"text":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers","Series I: Old Dominion Papers","This series contains material related to Frank's career at Old Dominion University, including his teaching experience, organizations he was involved with, conferences he attended, and various Old Dominion publications."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Old Dominion Papers","title_ssm":["Series I: Old Dominion Papers"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Old Dominion Papers"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1958-2004, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1958/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Old Dominion Papers"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restriction."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Frank's career at Old Dominion University, including his teaching experience, organizations he was involved with, conferences he attended, and various Old Dominion publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains material related to Frank's career at Old Dominion University, including his teaching experience, organizations he was involved with, conferences he attended, and various Old Dominion publications."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:45:08.056Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_174","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_174.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/174","title_filing_ssi":"Frank, Willard C., Jr.","title_ssm":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1958-2004, undated","Date acquired: 05/20/2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1958-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 05/20/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-5B4","/repositories/3/resources/174"],"text":["RG 17-5B4","/repositories/3/resources/174","Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Soviet Union--History, Naval","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Spain--History--Civil War, 1936-1939","Old Dominion University--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restriction.","An addition to the collection was received as Accession #A2010-11 on 4/10/2010.","The collection is organized into two series: Series I: Old Dominion Papers; Series 2; Personal Research.","Willard Chabot Frank, Jr. was an emeritus professor of History at Old Dominion University (formerly known as Old Dominion College). He began teaching in 1963 and although he retired in 2004, he continued to teach until his death in 2011. Alongside his teaching career with Old Dominion University, Dr. Frank also taught at the Naval War College as an adjunct professor. He received his Bachelor's Degree from Brown University in 1957, his Master's Degree in 1962 from the College of William and Mary in 1962, and his PhD from the University of Pittsburg in 1968. Frank was a member of the Unitarian Church of Norfolk from 1958 until his death in 2011, of which he researched and wrote about. Frank supported numerous local organizations, such as WHRO and the Young Audiences of Virginia, which is an organization that encourages retaining the arts in education. Frank participated in a grass roots opposition to the proposed marriage amendment in 2006 by going door-to-door and discussing the issue with Norfolk.","Early in his career, Frank also participated in groups that supported the Anti-Vietnam prose of the period as well as those of an academic nature. His papers include newsletters from some of these organizations including, the New Left, and the Liberal Context, as well as information from the Academic Freedom and the Emerson forum.","Frank focused his studies on naval warfare, specifically the Spanish Civil War. In the course of his career with Old Dominion University, Frank helped put together two important conferences in the late 1980s, the Soviet Naval Conference of 1987 and the Soviet Military Doctrine Conference of 1989.  Frank taught courses on naval history at both the Naval War College and at Old Dominion University, he was also involved in the creation of new certificates for both programs.","Note written by Andrea Schumacher","Some of the posters are fragile and may not be suitable for handling.","The collection was processesd by Andrea Schumacher, Student Assistant, from November 2015 through February 2016.","Unitarian Universalist Church of Norfolk Records (MG 122)","This colleciton contains research and teaching material, notes, and fliers related to the professional career of Willard C. Frank, Jr., a professor of naval history at Old Dominion University. The bulk of the collection contains material related to Frank's involvement in professional and Old Dominion organizations, as well as Frank's personal research and papers on the navy during the Spanish Civil War. An oral history interview with Willard C. Frank, Jr. can be found on the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections  website.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","ODU University Archives","Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-5B4","/repositories/3/resources/174"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"creator_ssim":["Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"creators_ssim":["Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Willard C. Frank, Jr.","Gift. Accession #A2008-04"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Soviet Union--History, Naval","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Spain--History--Civil War, 1936-1939","Old Dominion University--History--20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Soviet Union--History, Naval","Old Dominion University--Faculty","Spain--History--Civil War, 1936-1939","Old Dominion University--History--20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.80 Linear Feet","9 Hollinger boxes, 1 medium oversize box boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.80 Linear Feet","9 Hollinger boxes, 1 medium oversize box boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restriction.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restriction."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn addition to the collection was received as Accession #A2010-11 on 4/10/2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["An addition to the collection was received as Accession #A2010-11 on 4/10/2010."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into two series: Series I: Old Dominion Papers; Series 2; Personal Research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into two series: Series I: Old Dominion Papers; Series 2; Personal Research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillard Chabot Frank, Jr. was an emeritus professor of History at Old Dominion University (formerly known as Old Dominion College). He began teaching in 1963 and although he retired in 2004, he continued to teach until his death in 2011. Alongside his teaching career with Old Dominion University, Dr. Frank also taught at the Naval War College as an adjunct professor. He received his Bachelor's Degree from Brown University in 1957, his Master's Degree in 1962 from the College of William and Mary in 1962, and his PhD from the University of Pittsburg in 1968. Frank was a member of the Unitarian Church of Norfolk from 1958 until his death in 2011, of which he researched and wrote about. Frank supported numerous local organizations, such as WHRO and the Young Audiences of Virginia, which is an organization that encourages retaining the arts in education. Frank participated in a grass roots opposition to the proposed marriage amendment in 2006 by going door-to-door and discussing the issue with Norfolk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEarly in his career, Frank also participated in groups that supported the Anti-Vietnam prose of the period as well as those of an academic nature. His papers include newsletters from some of these organizations including, the New Left, and the Liberal Context, as well as information from the Academic Freedom and the Emerson forum.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank focused his studies on naval warfare, specifically the Spanish Civil War. In the course of his career with Old Dominion University, Frank helped put together two important conferences in the late 1980s, the Soviet Naval Conference of 1987 and the Soviet Military Doctrine Conference of 1989.  Frank taught courses on naval history at both the Naval War College and at Old Dominion University, he was also involved in the creation of new certificates for both programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Andrea Schumacher\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Willard Chabot Frank, Jr. was an emeritus professor of History at Old Dominion University (formerly known as Old Dominion College). He began teaching in 1963 and although he retired in 2004, he continued to teach until his death in 2011. Alongside his teaching career with Old Dominion University, Dr. Frank also taught at the Naval War College as an adjunct professor. He received his Bachelor's Degree from Brown University in 1957, his Master's Degree in 1962 from the College of William and Mary in 1962, and his PhD from the University of Pittsburg in 1968. Frank was a member of the Unitarian Church of Norfolk from 1958 until his death in 2011, of which he researched and wrote about. Frank supported numerous local organizations, such as WHRO and the Young Audiences of Virginia, which is an organization that encourages retaining the arts in education. Frank participated in a grass roots opposition to the proposed marriage amendment in 2006 by going door-to-door and discussing the issue with Norfolk.","Early in his career, Frank also participated in groups that supported the Anti-Vietnam prose of the period as well as those of an academic nature. His papers include newsletters from some of these organizations including, the New Left, and the Liberal Context, as well as information from the Academic Freedom and the Emerson forum.","Frank focused his studies on naval warfare, specifically the Spanish Civil War. In the course of his career with Old Dominion University, Frank helped put together two important conferences in the late 1980s, the Soviet Naval Conference of 1987 and the Soviet Military Doctrine Conference of 1989.  Frank taught courses on naval history at both the Naval War College and at Old Dominion University, he was also involved in the creation of new certificates for both programs.","Note written by Andrea Schumacher"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the posters are fragile and may not be suitable for handling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Access Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Some of the posters are fragile and may not be suitable for handling."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Willard C. Frank, Jr. Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processesd by Andrea Schumacher, Student Assistant, from November 2015 through February 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processesd by Andrea Schumacher, Student Assistant, from November 2015 through February 2016."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUnitarian Universalist Church of Norfolk Records (MG 122)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Unitarian Universalist Church of Norfolk Records (MG 122)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis colleciton contains research and teaching material, notes, and fliers related to the professional career of Willard C. Frank, Jr., a professor of naval history at Old Dominion University. The bulk of the collection contains material related to Frank's involvement in professional and Old Dominion organizations, as well as Frank's personal research and papers on the navy during the Spanish Civil War. An oral history interview with Willard C. Frank, Jr. can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Frank%2C%20Willard/field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This colleciton contains research and teaching material, notes, and fliers related to the professional career of Willard C. Frank, Jr., a professor of naval history at Old Dominion University. The bulk of the collection contains material related to Frank's involvement in professional and Old Dominion organizations, as well as Frank's personal research and papers on the navy during the Spanish Civil War. An oral history interview with Willard C. Frank, Jr. can be found on the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections  website."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Frank, Willard C., Jr. (1936-2011)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":227,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:45:08.056Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_174_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Organization","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series contains organizational materials such as the GLSU's constitution, meeting agendas, correspondence, committees, and materials related to the 1993 name change.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_226"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_226"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records"],"text":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records","Series I: Organization","This series contains organizational materials such as the GLSU's constitution, meeting agendas, correspondence, committees, and materials related to the 1993 name change."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Organization","title_ssm":["Series I: Organization"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Organization"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988-2023, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Organization"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series contains organizational materials such as the GLSU's constitution, meeting agendas, correspondence, committees, and materials related to the 1993 name change.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series contains organizational materials such as the GLSU's constitution, meeting agendas, correspondence, committees, and materials related to the 1993 name change."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:11.056Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_226","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_226.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/226","title_filing_ssi":"Gay and Lesbian Student Union","title_ssm":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records"],"title_tesim":["Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1988-2024, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988-2024, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 37-5A","/repositories/3/resources/226"],"text":["RG 37-5A","/repositories/3/resources/226","Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records","Old Dominion University--Student organizations","Equality","Gay rights--United States--History--20th century","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Organizations; Series II: Events; Series III: Other Campus Groups and Committees; Series IV: Local Hampton Roads and Virginia Organizations; Series V: National Organizations; Series VI: Issues and Protests; Series VII: Resources; Series VIII: Gaynet Messages; Series IX: News Clippings and Articles; Series X: Miscellaneous; and Series XI: Other Media.","The Gay Alliance was organized in 1976 and was open to faculty, staff, and alumni, not just students, but disbanded in the early 1980s. The ODU Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) was founded in 1988 and held its first meeting in January 1989. Before that time, in the mid and late 1980s, gay and lesbian students met at a weekly support group held at the University's Campus Catholic Ministry. In 1993, the Gay and Lesbian Student Union changed its name to Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Students and Allies in order to be more inclusive. The group changed its name in 2002 to become Old Dominion University Out (ODU Out) and again in 2018 to Old Dominion University Sexuality and Gender Alliance (ODUSAGA).","\nIn the early days the organization was met with some degree of intolerance, if not outright hostility. Flyers and posters were torn down or defaced with anti-gay slurs.  The group sought to change stereotypes and misconceptions through a \"Shattering the Myths\" poster and flyer campaign. They held an annual National Coming Out Day Social, every October 11, and a Lesbigay Awareness Week every spring. Lesbigay Awareness week was usually held in conjunction with the Annual Breaking the Ice Winter Gay Pride Festival in Webb Center co-hosted by the GLSU and the Hampton Roads Gay and Lesbian Pride Coalition.\n    ","The GLSU also co-hosted the Sexual Orientation Support committee. This group was made up largely of straight, female staff members who had previously worked on the campus AIDS committee. Staff from the Student Health Center, Counseling Services, the Women's Center, Student Activities, and other departments were represented.\n    ","The GLSU also went to gay and lesbian conferences hosted by other Virginia colleges, and  networked with other Virginia colleges through two grassroots organizations known as the Triangle Network and the Virginia Area Rainbow Student Alliance (VARSA).  Many GLSU members were also a part of a Hampton Roads gay and lesbian youth groups known as Youth Out United (Y.O.U.). In fact, both groups shared common founders.\n    ","After a series to anti-gay propgranda and vandalisim in 1991,the GLSU has concerns. In January of 1992, the GLSU met with President Koch and other University officials to discuss their concerns about the safety and security of LGBTQ+ students.They called for the abolishment of other inequities on campus toward gay and lesbian students, faculty, and staff, as well as advancements that would help make the campus more equal for gays and lesbians. Other wish list items included an office for Gay and Lesbian concerns, partner benefits for faculty/staff, expanding ODU curricula to include Gay and Lesbian Studies courses, and removing ROTC from campus until it complies with ODU's non-discrimination policy. Many of these things did not come to pass, but a insturctor was brought on campus in 1992 to train staff on LGBTQ+ student issues.","The collection was processed and a finding aid was created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant.","Our Own Community Press (MG 143).","The collection contains administrative and related records of the Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU), the first student organization dedicated to the LGBTQIA+ community at Old Dominion University. Included in the collection are organizational materials such as constitutions, bylaws, minutes of meetings, and announcements; material related to various events held by the organization; documents related to other LGBTQIA+ organizations on the regional, state, and national level; and other miscellaneous material related to LGBTQIA+ issues. The organization is currently known as the ODU Sexuality and Gender Alliance (SAGA), and the collection includes documents from the various name changes of the group over the years.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Materials for this collection date from the 1980s through the present, with most of the materials dating from the 1990s. Included are organizational materials such as the group's constitution, meeting agendas, and correspondence; flyers and information on various events and protests; agendas and minutes from other campus gay and lesbian groups.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. 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The ODU Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) was founded in 1988 and held its first meeting in January 1989. Before that time, in the mid and late 1980s, gay and lesbian students met at a weekly support group held at the University's Campus Catholic Ministry. In 1993, the Gay and Lesbian Student Union changed its name to Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Students and Allies in order to be more inclusive. The group changed its name in 2002 to become Old Dominion University Out (ODU Out) and again in 2018 to Old Dominion University Sexuality and Gender Alliance (ODUSAGA).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the early days the organization was met with some degree of intolerance, if not outright hostility. Flyers and posters were torn down or defaced with anti-gay slurs.  The group sought to change stereotypes and misconceptions through a \"Shattering the Myths\" poster and flyer campaign. They held an annual National Coming Out Day Social, every October 11, and a Lesbigay Awareness Week every spring. Lesbigay Awareness week was usually held in conjunction with the Annual Breaking the Ice Winter Gay Pride Festival in Webb Center co-hosted by the GLSU and the Hampton Roads Gay and Lesbian Pride Coalition.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe GLSU also co-hosted the Sexual Orientation Support committee. This group was made up largely of straight, female staff members who had previously worked on the campus AIDS committee. Staff from the Student Health Center, Counseling Services, the Women's Center, Student Activities, and other departments were represented.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe GLSU also went to gay and lesbian conferences hosted by other Virginia colleges, and  networked with other Virginia colleges through two grassroots organizations known as the Triangle Network and the Virginia Area Rainbow Student Alliance (VARSA).  Many GLSU members were also a part of a Hampton Roads gay and lesbian youth groups known as Youth Out United (Y.O.U.). In fact, both groups shared common founders.\n    \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter a series to anti-gay propgranda and vandalisim in 1991,the GLSU has concerns. In January of 1992, the GLSU met with President Koch and other University officials to discuss their concerns about the safety and security of LGBTQ+ students.They called for the abolishment of other inequities on campus toward gay and lesbian students, faculty, and staff, as well as advancements that would help make the campus more equal for gays and lesbians. Other wish list items included an office for Gay and Lesbian concerns, partner benefits for faculty/staff, expanding ODU curricula to include Gay and Lesbian Studies courses, and removing ROTC from campus until it complies with ODU's non-discrimination policy. Many of these things did not come to pass, but a insturctor was brought on campus in 1992 to train staff on LGBTQ+ student issues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Gay Alliance was organized in 1976 and was open to faculty, staff, and alumni, not just students, but disbanded in the early 1980s. 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Lesbigay Awareness week was usually held in conjunction with the Annual Breaking the Ice Winter Gay Pride Festival in Webb Center co-hosted by the GLSU and the Hampton Roads Gay and Lesbian Pride Coalition.\n    ","The GLSU also co-hosted the Sexual Orientation Support committee. This group was made up largely of straight, female staff members who had previously worked on the campus AIDS committee. Staff from the Student Health Center, Counseling Services, the Women's Center, Student Activities, and other departments were represented.\n    ","The GLSU also went to gay and lesbian conferences hosted by other Virginia colleges, and  networked with other Virginia colleges through two grassroots organizations known as the Triangle Network and the Virginia Area Rainbow Student Alliance (VARSA).  Many GLSU members were also a part of a Hampton Roads gay and lesbian youth groups known as Youth Out United (Y.O.U.). In fact, both groups shared common founders.\n    ","After a series to anti-gay propgranda and vandalisim in 1991,the GLSU has concerns. In January of 1992, the GLSU met with President Koch and other University officials to discuss their concerns about the safety and security of LGBTQ+ students.They called for the abolishment of other inequities on campus toward gay and lesbian students, faculty, and staff, as well as advancements that would help make the campus more equal for gays and lesbians. Other wish list items included an office for Gay and Lesbian concerns, partner benefits for faculty/staff, expanding ODU curricula to include Gay and Lesbian Studies courses, and removing ROTC from campus until it complies with ODU's non-discrimination policy. Many of these things did not come to pass, but a insturctor was brought on campus in 1992 to train staff on LGBTQ+ student issues."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU) Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and a finding aid was created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed and a finding aid was created by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections Assistant."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOur Own Community Press (MG 143).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Our Own Community Press (MG 143)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains administrative and related records of the Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU), the first student organization dedicated to the LGBTQIA+ community at Old Dominion University. Included in the collection are organizational materials such as constitutions, bylaws, minutes of meetings, and announcements; material related to various events held by the organization; documents related to other LGBTQIA+ organizations on the regional, state, and national level; and other miscellaneous material related to LGBTQIA+ issues. The organization is currently known as the ODU Sexuality and Gender Alliance (SAGA), and the collection includes documents from the various name changes of the group over the years.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains administrative and related records of the Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU), the first student organization dedicated to the LGBTQIA+ community at Old Dominion University. Included in the collection are organizational materials such as constitutions, bylaws, minutes of meetings, and announcements; material related to various events held by the organization; documents related to other LGBTQIA+ organizations on the regional, state, and national level; and other miscellaneous material related to LGBTQIA+ issues. The organization is currently known as the ODU Sexuality and Gender Alliance (SAGA), and the collection includes documents from the various name changes of the group over the years."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8f9363cd10b7198270967ca77ffc86ce\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMaterials for this collection date from the 1980s through the present, with most of the materials dating from the 1990s. Included are organizational materials such as the group's constitution, meeting agendas, and correspondence; flyers and information on various events and protests; agendas and minutes from other campus gay and lesbian groups.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Materials for this collection date from the 1980s through the present, with most of the materials dating from the 1990s. Included are organizational materials such as the group's constitution, meeting agendas, and correspondence; flyers and information on various events and protests; agendas and minutes from other campus gay and lesbian groups."],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University","Old Dominion University. Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU)"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU)","Old Dominion University Out","Old Dominion University Sexuality and Gender Alliance (ODUSAGA)","Old Dominion University"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Gay and Lesbian Student Union (GLSU)","Old Dominion University Out","Old Dominion University Sexuality and Gender Alliance (ODUSAGA)","Old Dominion University"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":177,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:42:11.056Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_226_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Organizational Records","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of season programs, newspaper clippings, meeting agendas and minutes, correspondence, financial and other records of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra. The series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_66"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_66"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"text":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records","Series I: Organizational Records","This series consists of season programs, newspaper clippings, meeting agendas and minutes, correspondence, financial and other records of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra. The series is arranged chronologically."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Organizational Records","title_ssm":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1921-2020, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1921/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":71,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of season programs, newspaper clippings, meeting agendas and minutes, correspondence, financial and other records of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra. The series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series consists of season programs, newspaper clippings, meeting agendas and minutes, correspondence, financial and other records of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra. The series is arranged chronologically."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_66","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_66.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"Archon Finding Aid location","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Symphony Orchestra","title_ssm":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1921-2020, undated","Date acquired: 04/02/2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1921-2020, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/02/2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 81-A"],"text":["MG 81-A","Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records","Arts--Virginia","Orchestral musicians--Virginia","Orchestral music--Virginia","programs (documents)","letters (correspondence)","minutes (administrative records)","Open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals expected.","The collection is organized into three series: Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Multimedia; and Series III: Oversize.","The Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra, the historical antecedent of the Virginia Symphony, played its inaugural concert on April 21, 1921 under the direction of Walter Edward Howe, the orchestra's first conductor. At that time, the Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra was the only symphony between Baltimore and Atlanta. The original ensemble of about 40 volunteer members grew so rapidly that balanced instrumentation was achieved during the 1921-22 season. By 1926 the ensemble had played under the direction of five conductors: W. Henry Baker, Bart Wirtz, Arthur Fickenscher, and Frank L. Delpino, in addition to the first conductor, Walter Edward Howe.  Among the milestones of this early period were the formation of The Norfolk Orchestral Association, Inc. and performance of the first choral work, the Mendelssohn Symphony No. 2,  Lobgesang.  ","In the pre-World War II period, many \"Firsts\" took place with the orchestra.  An admission charge was first instituted in 1929; until then an offering had been taken at the door to finance the symphony's operation. A Women's Committee was appointed, and in 1935 it conducted the first organized membership campaign for season subscriptions.  With the 1934 arrival of Henry Cowles Whitehead to conduct the symphony, concertos began to be performed regularly.  The first Young People's Concert was presented to 1,500 school children in 1936, initiating a tradition which continued until interrupted by World War II.","At the time of Edgar Schenkman's arrival to direct the symphony in 1948, the orchestra had grown into a semi-professional group poised to perform at a higher professional level.  Because he was hired to direct the Civic Chorus as well as the orchestra, the organizations merged to become the Norfolk Symphony and Choral Association in 1949, and regular performances of choral works were programmed.  In the Schenkman era (1948-1966), the women's group officially became the Women's Auxiliary; a Youth Orchestra was founded; a Community Music School was established; and a trust to benefit the symphony was established in the Norfolk Foundation.","Russell Stanger became the music director in 1966 and held the position until 1980.  He appointed the first African-American orchestra member in 1966 and organized a new choral group, the Tidewater Choral Association in 1967.  Chrysler Hall was opened in 1972, and the symphony began performing in the new hall. The symphony was not a fulltime professional orchestra at this time, and in 1972, the Norfolk Musicians Union staged a month-long strike, which was settled for base pay of $1,000 for 60 concerts and rehearsals annually.  During this period, the difficulty of recruiting and retaining professional musicians was first acknowledged, attributed to the fact that the positions did not offer fulltime employment.","In the 1970s and 80s, a series of mergers took place or came under investigation.  Merger with the Peninsula Symphony was investigated in 1972 and took place finally in 1979.  The symphony and the Virginia Opera investigated a joint contract with musicians in 1976.  The current organization, officially named the Virginia Orchestra Group, was formed in 1979 from a merger of the Virginia Philharmonic (previously named the Norfolk Symphony), the Peninsula Symphony, and the Virginia Beach Pops.  Later, in 1989, a study was done to assess the viability of merging the Norfolk and Richmond symphonies.","A major advance was made in 1985 when many of the musicians were offered a three-year contract placing them on salary for the first time.  This was a central element in the board's process to upgrade the orchestra.  After short directing tenures of Richard Williams (1980-1986) and Winston Dan Vogel (1986-1990), JoAnn Falletta was appointed conductor and music director of the Virginia Symphony in 1991.  Since then the orchestra has released several recordings and has performed both in Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center.  It is recognized now as one of the nation's leading regional symphony orchestras.","Note written by Dr. Jean Major, University Librarian Emeritus and Virginia Symphony League Archivist, November 2005","The collection was reprocessed by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from June 2017 to January 2018.","Virginia Symphony Foundation Records (MG 81-B); Virginia Symphony League Records (MG 81-C); Virginia Symphony Society of Greater Williamsburg Records (MG 81-D). ","Oral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the  Virginia Symphony Orchestra  have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections.","This collection consists of materials related to the Virginia Symphony Orchestra and its predecessors, including its board of directors, committees, conductors, and musicians. Some of the records include administrative materials, correspondence, publicity, new clippings, newsletters, concert programs, calendars, photographs, multimedia, reports, contracts, financial records, and membership information.","Oral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the  Virginia Symphony Orchestra  have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Consists of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra organizational archives, the Virginia Symphony Board archives, artifacts concerning premieres and other notable performances, and season programs.","ODU Community Collections","Virginia Symphony","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["MG 81-A"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Symphony"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Symphony"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Virginia Symphony Orchestra","Gift. Accession #A2004-2"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Arts--Virginia","Orchestral musicians--Virginia","Orchestral music--Virginia","programs (documents)","letters (correspondence)","minutes (administrative records)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Arts--Virginia","Orchestral musicians--Virginia","Orchestral music--Virginia","programs (documents)","letters (correspondence)","minutes (administrative records)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["67.10 Linear Feet","60 Hollinger document cases, 6 half Hollinger cases, 19 record center cartons, 13 oversize boxes, 7 binder cases, 5 audiovisual boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["67.10 Linear Feet","60 Hollinger document cases, 6 half Hollinger cases, 19 record center cartons, 13 oversize boxes, 7 binder cases, 5 audiovisual boxes boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["programs (documents)","letters (correspondence)","minutes (administrative records)"],"date_range_isim":[1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series: Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Multimedia; and Series III: Oversize.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series: Series I: Organizational Records; Series II: Multimedia; and Series III: Oversize."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra, the historical antecedent of the Virginia Symphony, played its inaugural concert on April 21, 1921 under the direction of Walter Edward Howe, the orchestra's first conductor. At that time, the Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra was the only symphony between Baltimore and Atlanta. The original ensemble of about 40 volunteer members grew so rapidly that balanced instrumentation was achieved during the 1921-22 season. By 1926 the ensemble had played under the direction of five conductors: W. Henry Baker, Bart Wirtz, Arthur Fickenscher, and Frank L. Delpino, in addition to the first conductor, Walter Edward Howe.  Among the milestones of this early period were the formation of The Norfolk Orchestral Association, Inc. and performance of the first choral work, the Mendelssohn Symphony No. 2,\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e Lobgesang.  \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the pre-World War II period, many \"Firsts\" took place with the orchestra.  An admission charge was first instituted in 1929; until then an offering had been taken at the door to finance the symphony's operation. A Women's Committee was appointed, and in 1935 it conducted the first organized membership campaign for season subscriptions.  With the 1934 arrival of Henry Cowles Whitehead to conduct the symphony, concertos began to be performed regularly.  The first Young People's Concert was presented to 1,500 school children in 1936, initiating a tradition which continued until interrupted by World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAt the time of Edgar Schenkman's arrival to direct the symphony in 1948, the orchestra had grown into a semi-professional group poised to perform at a higher professional level.  Because he was hired to direct the Civic Chorus as well as the orchestra, the organizations merged to become the Norfolk Symphony and Choral Association in 1949, and regular performances of choral works were programmed.  In the Schenkman era (1948-1966), the women's group officially became the Women's Auxiliary; a Youth Orchestra was founded; a Community Music School was established; and a trust to benefit the symphony was established in the Norfolk Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRussell Stanger became the music director in 1966 and held the position until 1980.  He appointed the first African-American orchestra member in 1966 and organized a new choral group, the Tidewater Choral Association in 1967.  Chrysler Hall was opened in 1972, and the symphony began performing in the new hall. The symphony was not a fulltime professional orchestra at this time, and in 1972, the Norfolk Musicians Union staged a month-long strike, which was settled for base pay of $1,000 for 60 concerts and rehearsals annually.  During this period, the difficulty of recruiting and retaining professional musicians was first acknowledged, attributed to the fact that the positions did not offer fulltime employment.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1970s and 80s, a series of mergers took place or came under investigation.  Merger with the Peninsula Symphony was investigated in 1972 and took place finally in 1979.  The symphony and the Virginia Opera investigated a joint contract with musicians in 1976.  The current organization, officially named the Virginia Orchestra Group, was formed in 1979 from a merger of the Virginia Philharmonic (previously named the Norfolk Symphony), the Peninsula Symphony, and the Virginia Beach Pops.  Later, in 1989, a study was done to assess the viability of merging the Norfolk and Richmond symphonies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major advance was made in 1985 when many of the musicians were offered a three-year contract placing them on salary for the first time.  This was a central element in the board's process to upgrade the orchestra.  After short directing tenures of Richard Williams (1980-1986) and Winston Dan Vogel (1986-1990), JoAnn Falletta was appointed conductor and music director of the Virginia Symphony in 1991.  Since then the orchestra has released several recordings and has performed both in Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center.  It is recognized now as one of the nation's leading regional symphony orchestras.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Dr. Jean Major, University Librarian Emeritus and Virginia Symphony League Archivist, November 2005\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra, the historical antecedent of the Virginia Symphony, played its inaugural concert on April 21, 1921 under the direction of Walter Edward Howe, the orchestra's first conductor. At that time, the Norfolk Civic Symphony Orchestra was the only symphony between Baltimore and Atlanta. The original ensemble of about 40 volunteer members grew so rapidly that balanced instrumentation was achieved during the 1921-22 season. By 1926 the ensemble had played under the direction of five conductors: W. Henry Baker, Bart Wirtz, Arthur Fickenscher, and Frank L. Delpino, in addition to the first conductor, Walter Edward Howe.  Among the milestones of this early period were the formation of The Norfolk Orchestral Association, Inc. and performance of the first choral work, the Mendelssohn Symphony No. 2,  Lobgesang.  ","In the pre-World War II period, many \"Firsts\" took place with the orchestra.  An admission charge was first instituted in 1929; until then an offering had been taken at the door to finance the symphony's operation. A Women's Committee was appointed, and in 1935 it conducted the first organized membership campaign for season subscriptions.  With the 1934 arrival of Henry Cowles Whitehead to conduct the symphony, concertos began to be performed regularly.  The first Young People's Concert was presented to 1,500 school children in 1936, initiating a tradition which continued until interrupted by World War II.","At the time of Edgar Schenkman's arrival to direct the symphony in 1948, the orchestra had grown into a semi-professional group poised to perform at a higher professional level.  Because he was hired to direct the Civic Chorus as well as the orchestra, the organizations merged to become the Norfolk Symphony and Choral Association in 1949, and regular performances of choral works were programmed.  In the Schenkman era (1948-1966), the women's group officially became the Women's Auxiliary; a Youth Orchestra was founded; a Community Music School was established; and a trust to benefit the symphony was established in the Norfolk Foundation.","Russell Stanger became the music director in 1966 and held the position until 1980.  He appointed the first African-American orchestra member in 1966 and organized a new choral group, the Tidewater Choral Association in 1967.  Chrysler Hall was opened in 1972, and the symphony began performing in the new hall. The symphony was not a fulltime professional orchestra at this time, and in 1972, the Norfolk Musicians Union staged a month-long strike, which was settled for base pay of $1,000 for 60 concerts and rehearsals annually.  During this period, the difficulty of recruiting and retaining professional musicians was first acknowledged, attributed to the fact that the positions did not offer fulltime employment.","In the 1970s and 80s, a series of mergers took place or came under investigation.  Merger with the Peninsula Symphony was investigated in 1972 and took place finally in 1979.  The symphony and the Virginia Opera investigated a joint contract with musicians in 1976.  The current organization, officially named the Virginia Orchestra Group, was formed in 1979 from a merger of the Virginia Philharmonic (previously named the Norfolk Symphony), the Peninsula Symphony, and the Virginia Beach Pops.  Later, in 1989, a study was done to assess the viability of merging the Norfolk and Richmond symphonies.","A major advance was made in 1985 when many of the musicians were offered a three-year contract placing them on salary for the first time.  This was a central element in the board's process to upgrade the orchestra.  After short directing tenures of Richard Williams (1980-1986) and Winston Dan Vogel (1986-1990), JoAnn Falletta was appointed conductor and music director of the Virginia Symphony in 1991.  Since then the orchestra has released several recordings and has performed both in Carnegie Hall and the Kennedy Center.  It is recognized now as one of the nation's leading regional symphony orchestras.","Note written by Dr. Jean Major, University Librarian Emeritus and Virginia Symphony League Archivist, November 2005"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Virginia Symphony Orchestra Records, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was reprocessed by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from June 2017 to January 2018.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was reprocessed by Mel Frizzell, Special Collections and University Archives Assistant, from June 2017 to January 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Symphony Foundation Records (MG 81-B); Virginia Symphony League Records (MG 81-C); Virginia Symphony Society of Greater Williamsburg Records (MG 81-D). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the \u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/vsooh\"\u003eVirginia Symphony Orchestra\u003c/extref\u003e have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Symphony Foundation Records (MG 81-B); Virginia Symphony League Records (MG 81-C); Virginia Symphony Society of Greater Williamsburg Records (MG 81-D). ","Oral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the  Virginia Symphony Orchestra  have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of materials related to the Virginia Symphony Orchestra and its predecessors, including its board of directors, committees, conductors, and musicians. Some of the records include administrative materials, correspondence, publicity, new clippings, newsletters, concert programs, calendars, photographs, multimedia, reports, contracts, financial records, and membership information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the \u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/vsooh\"\u003eVirginia Symphony Orchestra\u003c/extref\u003e have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of materials related to the Virginia Symphony Orchestra and its predecessors, including its board of directors, committees, conductors, and musicians. Some of the records include administrative materials, correspondence, publicity, new clippings, newsletters, concert programs, calendars, photographs, multimedia, reports, contracts, financial records, and membership information.","Oral history interviews with key musicians and local supporters of the  Virginia Symphony Orchestra  have been digitized and are available in the Old Dominion University Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f76ee0c0400ad3177948b4d0cb76c33a\"\u003eConsists of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra organizational archives, the Virginia Symphony Board archives, artifacts concerning premieres and other notable performances, and season programs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Consists of the Virginia Symphony Orchestra organizational archives, the Virginia Symphony Board archives, artifacts concerning premieres and other notable performances, and season programs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Symphony"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia Symphony"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Virginia Symphony"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2204,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_66_c01"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Organizational Records","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"text":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Series I: Organizational Records","English","The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Organizational Records","title_ssm":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1794-2002, bulk 1944-2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Organizational Records"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"language_ssim":["English"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b7440eb8-cab3-49ef-a806-544c69df6052/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The organizational records series contains those records directly concerned with the library company and its predecessors as organizations. It covers charters, by-laws, contracts, the legal definition of the company, and its history. Charters and by-laws between 1794 and 1944 are generally documented in the minutes and or reprinted in catalogs or the Alexandria Gazette."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"text":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. ","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. ","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. ","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. ","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. ","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. ","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. ","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. ","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. ","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors February 1794-February 1813 Rev. James Muir February 1813-February 1815 Hugh Smith February 1815-March 1824 John Roberts March 1824-February 1829 Hugh Smith February 1829-February 1835 John Richards February 1835-February 1840 John Roberts February 1840-1852 Elias Harrison 1852-February 1855 J. Louis Kinzer February 1855-September 1858 Francis Miller September 1858- February 1859 Richard L. Carne February 1859-September 1859 Caleb S. Hallowell September 1859-February 1860 William G. Cazenove February 1860-February 1870 Richard L. Carne February 1870-February 1873 K. Kemper February 1873-October 1873 Samuel H. Janney October 1873-February 1874 Sidney C. Neale February 1874-June 1879 Mercer Slaughter September 1897-October 1905 Virginia Corse July 1906-June 1925 Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe October 1925-April 1930 Loula Smoot April 1930-November 1933 Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule] December 1933-December 1934 Mary Lloyd December 1934-December 1936 Susan Thomson December 1936-November 1937 Mrs. Louis Scott November 1937-November 1944 Mrs. Curtis Backus November 1944-November 1946 Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett] November 1946-November 1947 Howard Worth Smith November 1947-October 1948 [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones October 1948-October 1949 Miss Horne October 1949-October 1950 Mr. Stanley King October 1950-December 1951 Mr. [Joseph] Crockett December 1951-February 1955 Mr. Robert Moncure February 1955-February 1957 Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox February 1957-February 1959 Stanley King February 1959-February 1962 Mangum Weeks February 1962-February 1963 Richard Bales February 1963-February 1965 Donald King February 1965-February 1967 David Squires February 1967-February 1969 Howard Worth Smith Jr. February 1969-February 1971 William Francis Smith February 1971-February 1972 John T. Ticer February 1972-February 1974 David M. Abshire February 1974-February 1976 Mrs. Merill Beede February 1976-February 1978 Mrs. Douglas Lindsey February 1978-February 1980 Clarke T. Cooper Jr. February 1980-February 1982 William Seale February 1982-February 1983 Denys Peter Myers February 1983-February 1985 William B. Hurd February 1985-February 1986 George J. Stansfield February 1986-February 1987 Dr. Ernest A. Connally February 1987-February 1989 Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr. February 1989-March 1991 James M. Lewis March 1991-March 1992 Mrs. Anne Smith Paul March 1992-March 1993 Richard R. G. Hobson March 1993-March 1995 Dabney Waring March 1995-March 1997 James R. Hobson March 1997-March 1998 Robert C. Reed March 1998-March 2000 Neil Horstman March 2000-March 2002 Carroll Johnson March 2002-March 2003 Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria February 1794-February 1796 Edward Stabler February 1796-February 1818 James Kennedy February 1818-August 1826 William Cranch August 1826-October 1829 W. Samuel Mark October 1829-March 1845 George Drinker March 1845-September 1845 James M. Eaches September 1845-September 1852 C.F. Stuart September 1852-April 1853 H. W. P. Junius September 1852-April 1853 L.? Hunter November 1853 Office Abolished February 1854-October 1855 E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe October 1855-September 1858 Norval E. Foard September 1858-February 1859 S. Scott February 1859-September 1859 Edward R. Roxbury September 1859-February 1860 James A. Clarridge February 1860-April 1861 Charles R. Burgess (acting) April 1861-Unknown Edwin N. Wise March 1868 Wr. Bushby April 1870-May 1871 August Henning July 1871-March 1872 W. F. Stansbury March 1872-August 1873 Emma J. Young October 1873-March 1876 Emily English March 1876 Position Eliminated June 1879 R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?) October 1900-October 1903 F. Olive Lyons October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946) Alice Green April 1937-December 1938 Miss Beatrice Workman January 1939-January 1941 Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn) February 1941-June 1948 Bessie Watson July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month) Ellen C. Burke July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958) Jeanne G. Plitt"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. ","\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures] Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2 080 LEC 2 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3 080 LEC 3 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4 080 LEC 4 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5 080 LEC 5 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6 080 LEC 6 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7 080 LEC 7 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8 080 LEC 8 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9 080 LEC 9 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10 080 LEC 10 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11 080 LEC 11 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12 080 LEC 12 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13 080 LEC 13 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14 080 LEC 14 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15 080 LEC 15 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16 080 LEC 16 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17 080 LEC 17 Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18 080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:09:43.684Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. Plitt\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Original Compositions","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of original works composed by Frank Strong.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_2_resources_309"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_2_resources_309"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Fred Strong Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Fred Strong Papers"],"text":["Fred Strong Papers","Series I: Original Compositions","This series consists of original works composed by Frank Strong."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Original Compositions","title_ssm":["Series I: Original Compositions"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Original Compositions"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1991-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1991/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Original Compositions"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Fred Strong Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions. Original compositions, audio visuals and booklets must be viewed in-person."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries. Fred Strong has granted ODU faculty, staff, and students permission to perform his compositions royalty free."],"date_range_isim":[1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of original works composed by Frank Strong.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series consists of original works composed by Frank Strong."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:47:05.634Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","_root_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_2_resources_309","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_2_resources_309.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/2/resources/309","title_filing_ssi":"Strong, Fred","title_ssm":["Fred Strong Papers"],"title_tesim":["Fred Strong Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1991-2020","Date acquired: 04/12/2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1991-2020"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 04/12/2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["DCR MG 16","/repositories/2/resources/309"],"text":["DCR MG 16","/repositories/2/resources/309","Fred Strong Papers","Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)","Music--United States--20th century","Music--United States--21st century","Vocal Music--20th century","Vocal Music--21st century","Music","Piano Music--20th century","Piano Music--21st century","Open to researchers without restrictions. Original compositions, audio visuals and booklets must be viewed in-person.","The collection has been organized into two series: Series I: Original Compositions; and Series II: Musical.","Fred Strong was born in Shreveport, Louisiana but spent much of his early life in Norfolk, Virginia (1960 - 1979), where he graduated from Norview High School in 1970. After high school, Strong went on to study musical composition for one year at Shenandoah Conservatory, in Winchester, Virginia, after which he completed his studies at Old Dominion University (ODU). ","Having learned the basics of music and piano from his mother, he began writing songs at an early age and sang in choral groups throughout all levels of schooling. While in high school, encouraged and mentored by his choir director, Claire McDermott, he became student director and began to write music of a more serious nature, several works of which were performed by Norview's concert choir, madrigals, and band. His love for writing music motivated him to seek a degree in composition. In addition to his time at ODU, Strong has studied with former Norfolk State University professor and composer Adolphus Hailstork, and taken classes in film scoring and arranging at L.A. Valley College in Los Angeles, California. For many years, Strong enjoyed a career in published music, working in New York City for the music publisher Carl Fischer and owning sheet music retail outlets in Norfolk, Virginia and Portland, Oregon. ","Strong's works have been performed across the United States, including Norfolk, Chesapeake, and Williamsburg, Virginia, Los Angeles, New York City, Providence, Rhode Island, and and Washington DC, where his choral piece, The Well, was premiered on the steps of the United States Capitol Building. Until 2020, Strong lived in Portland, Oregon where he developed an annual, secular Winter Solstice celebration called Darktolight for which he wrote several works. For Darktolight 2012, he wrote a musical, BANG!, which celebrates life and evolution originating in the Big Bang. BANG! garnered national attention and is the world's first Freethought musical.  ","Strong currently resides in Williamsburg, Virginia with his wife, Sandra Brown.","Note written by Fred Strong","The collection was processed by LaraAnn Canner from April through July 2021.","This collection is primarily comprised of Fred Strong's musical compositions for piano and vocal scores, focusing on humanist, secular, and natural themes. Included in the collection is one of the composers most famous pieces – BANG! The Musical, a composition for soprano, alto, tenor, and bass. As described by the composer, \"BANG! takes the audience on a trip through time and space from the big bang to present-day Earth, with a humanist message about our choices and responsibilities. The music ranges from doo-wop to hip-hop and folk to jazz.\"","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries. Fred Strong has granted ODU faculty, staff, and students permission to perform his compositions royalty free.","ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Strong, Fred (1952-)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["DCR MG 16","/repositories/2/resources/309"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Fred Strong Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Fred Strong Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Fred Strong Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)"],"geogname_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)"],"creator_ssm":["Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"creator_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"creators_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"places_ssim":["Hampton Roads (Va. : Region)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries. Fred Strong has granted ODU faculty, staff, and students permission to perform his compositions royalty free."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Fred Strong","Acc. 2021.004 was hand-delivered to Special Collections and University Archives from the donor on 4/12/2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Music--United States--20th century","Music--United States--21st century","Vocal Music--20th century","Vocal Music--21st century","Music","Piano Music--20th century","Piano Music--21st century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Music--United States--20th century","Music--United States--21st century","Vocal Music--20th century","Vocal Music--21st century","Music","Piano Music--20th century","Piano Music--21st century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Linear Feet","1 tall Hollinger document case boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Linear Feet","1 tall Hollinger document case boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions. Original compositions, audio visuals and booklets must be viewed in-person.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions. Original compositions, audio visuals and booklets must be viewed in-person."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been organized into two series: Series I: Original Compositions; and Series II: Musical.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been organized into two series: Series I: Original Compositions; and Series II: Musical."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFred Strong was born in Shreveport, Louisiana but spent much of his early life in Norfolk, Virginia (1960 - 1979), where he graduated from Norview High School in 1970. After high school, Strong went on to study musical composition for one year at Shenandoah Conservatory, in Winchester, Virginia, after which he completed his studies at Old Dominion University (ODU). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHaving learned the basics of music and piano from his mother, he began writing songs at an early age and sang in choral groups throughout all levels of schooling. While in high school, encouraged and mentored by his choir director, Claire McDermott, he became student director and began to write music of a more serious nature, several works of which were performed by Norview's concert choir, madrigals, and band. His love for writing music motivated him to seek a degree in composition. In addition to his time at ODU, Strong has studied with former Norfolk State University professor and composer Adolphus Hailstork, and taken classes in film scoring and arranging at L.A. Valley College in Los Angeles, California. For many years, Strong enjoyed a career in published music, working in New York City for the music publisher Carl Fischer and owning sheet music retail outlets in Norfolk, Virginia and Portland, Oregon. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrong's works have been performed across the United States, including Norfolk, Chesapeake, and Williamsburg, Virginia, Los Angeles, New York City, Providence, Rhode Island, and and Washington DC, where his choral piece, The Well, was premiered on the steps of the United States Capitol Building. Until 2020, Strong lived in Portland, Oregon where he developed an annual, secular Winter Solstice celebration called Darktolight for which he wrote several works. For Darktolight 2012, he wrote a musical, BANG!, which celebrates life and evolution originating in the Big Bang. BANG! garnered national attention and is the world's first Freethought musical.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStrong currently resides in Williamsburg, Virginia with his wife, Sandra Brown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Fred Strong\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Fred Strong was born in Shreveport, Louisiana but spent much of his early life in Norfolk, Virginia (1960 - 1979), where he graduated from Norview High School in 1970. After high school, Strong went on to study musical composition for one year at Shenandoah Conservatory, in Winchester, Virginia, after which he completed his studies at Old Dominion University (ODU). ","Having learned the basics of music and piano from his mother, he began writing songs at an early age and sang in choral groups throughout all levels of schooling. While in high school, encouraged and mentored by his choir director, Claire McDermott, he became student director and began to write music of a more serious nature, several works of which were performed by Norview's concert choir, madrigals, and band. His love for writing music motivated him to seek a degree in composition. In addition to his time at ODU, Strong has studied with former Norfolk State University professor and composer Adolphus Hailstork, and taken classes in film scoring and arranging at L.A. Valley College in Los Angeles, California. For many years, Strong enjoyed a career in published music, working in New York City for the music publisher Carl Fischer and owning sheet music retail outlets in Norfolk, Virginia and Portland, Oregon. ","Strong's works have been performed across the United States, including Norfolk, Chesapeake, and Williamsburg, Virginia, Los Angeles, New York City, Providence, Rhode Island, and and Washington DC, where his choral piece, The Well, was premiered on the steps of the United States Capitol Building. Until 2020, Strong lived in Portland, Oregon where he developed an annual, secular Winter Solstice celebration called Darktolight for which he wrote several works. For Darktolight 2012, he wrote a musical, BANG!, which celebrates life and evolution originating in the Big Bang. BANG! garnered national attention and is the world's first Freethought musical.  ","Strong currently resides in Williamsburg, Virginia with his wife, Sandra Brown.","Note written by Fred Strong"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Fred Strong Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Fred Strong Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed by LaraAnn Canner from April through July 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed by LaraAnn Canner from April through July 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is primarily comprised of Fred Strong's musical compositions for piano and vocal scores, focusing on humanist, secular, and natural themes. Included in the collection is one of the composers most famous pieces – BANG! The Musical, a composition for soprano, alto, tenor, and bass. As described by the composer, \"BANG! takes the audience on a trip through time and space from the big bang to present-day Earth, with a humanist message about our choices and responsibilities. The music ranges from doo-wop to hip-hop and folk to jazz.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is primarily comprised of Fred Strong's musical compositions for piano and vocal scores, focusing on humanist, secular, and natural themes. Included in the collection is one of the composers most famous pieces – BANG! The Musical, a composition for soprano, alto, tenor, and bass. As described by the composer, \"BANG! takes the audience on a trip through time and space from the big bang to present-day Earth, with a humanist message about our choices and responsibilities. The music ranges from doo-wop to hip-hop and folk to jazz.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries. Fred Strong has granted ODU faculty, staff, and students permission to perform his compositions royalty free.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries. Fred Strong has granted ODU faculty, staff, and students permission to perform his compositions royalty free."],"names_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection","Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Diehn Composers Room Collection"],"persname_ssim":["Strong, Fred (1952-)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":22,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:47:05.634Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_2_resources_309_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Papers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"text":["Madison E. Marye Papers","Series I: Papers"],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Papers","title_ssm":["Series I: Papers"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Papers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1932/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Papers"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":23,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:04.583Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3849.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marye, Madison E., Papers","title_ssm":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"title_tesim":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1932-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1932-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.029"],"text":["Ms.2022.029","Madison E. Marye Papers","Virginia, Southwest","Politicians -- United States","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged by material type: Series I: Papers, Series II: Photographs, and Series III: Oversize Materials.","Madison Ellis Marye was born December 3, 1925, and lived until February 23, 2016. Marye was a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army, he had achieved the rank of Major. Marye was also the recipient of the Bronze Star Medal. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2003.","Sources:","Dashiell, Joe (February 24, 2016). \"Former State Senator Madison Marye dies at the age of 90\". WDBJ7.  https://web.archive.org/web/20160304155441/http://www.wdbj7.com/news/local/Former-State-Senator-Madison-Marye-dies-at-the-age-of-90/38176470  (on Archive.org). Accessed August 16, 2022.","Roanoke Times  (February 25, 2016). Obituary for Madison Ellis Marye.  Roanoke Times .  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F15B3DB6BA455F0E0  on NewsBank Database (requires a Virginia Tech Hokies account). Accessed August 16, 2022.","Kromkowski, C. (2005). \"Marye, Madison Ellis.\" Virginia Elections and State Elected Officials Database Project, 1776 - 2005. Retrieved August 16, 2022, from the University of Virginia Library:  http://vavh.electionstats.com/php/bio.php?pid=4743 .","The guide to the Madison E. Marye Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Madison E. Marye Papers were completed in August 2022.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the  Tyler-Ellis-Marye Family Collection, Ms2010-067 . The Tyler-Ellis-Marye families are the ancestors of Madison E. Marye.","This collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. This collection contains newspaper articles that discuss bills, campaign events, and other events that Marye was involved with as a State Senator. The photographs that are included in this collection depict Marye's re-election campaign in 1999. This collection also contains two of Madison Marye's campaign posters.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. Marye is a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army he had achieved the rank of Major. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2002.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.029"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Madison E. Marye Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Southwest"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"creator_ssm":["Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"creators_ssim":["Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Madison E. Marye Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Politicians -- United States","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Politicians -- United States","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes; 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by material type: Series I: Papers, Series II: Photographs, and Series III: Oversize Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by material type: Series I: Papers, Series II: Photographs, and Series III: Oversize Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMadison Ellis Marye was born December 3, 1925, and lived until February 23, 2016. Marye was a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army, he had achieved the rank of Major. Marye was also the recipient of the Bronze Star Medal. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDashiell, Joe (February 24, 2016). \"Former State Senator Madison Marye dies at the age of 90\". WDBJ7. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160304155441/http://www.wdbj7.com/news/local/Former-State-Senator-Madison-Marye-dies-at-the-age-of-90/38176470\"\u003ehttps://web.archive.org/web/20160304155441/http://www.wdbj7.com/news/local/Former-State-Senator-Madison-Marye-dies-at-the-age-of-90/38176470\u003c/a\u003e (on Archive.org). Accessed August 16, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoanoke Times\u003c/i\u003e (February 25, 2016). Obituary for Madison Ellis Marye. \u003ci\u003eRoanoke Times\u003c/i\u003e. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F15B3DB6BA455F0E0\"\u003ehttps://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F15B3DB6BA455F0E0\u003c/a\u003e on NewsBank Database (requires a Virginia Tech Hokies account). Accessed August 16, 2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKromkowski, C. (2005). \"Marye, Madison Ellis.\" Virginia Elections and State Elected Officials Database Project, 1776 - 2005. Retrieved August 16, 2022, from the University of Virginia Library: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://vavh.electionstats.com/php/bio.php?pid=4743\"\u003ehttp://vavh.electionstats.com/php/bio.php?pid=4743\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Madison Ellis Marye was born December 3, 1925, and lived until February 23, 2016. Marye was a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army, he had achieved the rank of Major. Marye was also the recipient of the Bronze Star Medal. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2003.","Sources:","Dashiell, Joe (February 24, 2016). \"Former State Senator Madison Marye dies at the age of 90\". WDBJ7.  https://web.archive.org/web/20160304155441/http://www.wdbj7.com/news/local/Former-State-Senator-Madison-Marye-dies-at-the-age-of-90/38176470  (on Archive.org). Accessed August 16, 2022.","Roanoke Times  (February 25, 2016). Obituary for Madison Ellis Marye.  Roanoke Times .  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F15B3DB6BA455F0E0  on NewsBank Database (requires a Virginia Tech Hokies account). Accessed August 16, 2022.","Kromkowski, C. (2005). \"Marye, Madison Ellis.\" Virginia Elections and State Elected Officials Database Project, 1776 - 2005. Retrieved August 16, 2022, from the University of Virginia Library:  http://vavh.electionstats.com/php/bio.php?pid=4743 ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Madison E. Marye Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Madison E. Marye Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [item], [box], [folder], Madison E. Marye Papers, 1932-2007, Ms2022-029, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [item], [box], [folder], Madison E. Marye Papers, 1932-2007, Ms2022-029, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Madison E. Marye Papers were completed in August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Madison E. Marye Papers were completed in August 2022."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2620.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eTyler-Ellis-Marye Family Collection, Ms2010-067\u003c/a\u003e. The Tyler-Ellis-Marye families are the ancestors of Madison E. Marye.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also maintains the  Tyler-Ellis-Marye Family Collection, Ms2010-067 . The Tyler-Ellis-Marye families are the ancestors of Madison E. Marye."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. This collection contains newspaper articles that discuss bills, campaign events, and other events that Marye was involved with as a State Senator. The photographs that are included in this collection depict Marye's re-election campaign in 1999. This collection also contains two of Madison Marye's campaign posters.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. This collection contains newspaper articles that discuss bills, campaign events, and other events that Marye was involved with as a State Senator. The photographs that are included in this collection depict Marye's re-election campaign in 1999. This collection also contains two of Madison Marye's campaign posters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b6c11aa2c1ac6770255d20b9bd6688d0\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. Marye is a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army he had achieved the rank of Major. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2002.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains newspaper articles, papers, photographs, and posters relating to Madison E. Marye's years as a Virginia State Senator. Marye is a veteran of World War Two, Korea, and Vietnam, serving in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1965. When Marye retired from the Army he had achieved the rank of Major. After leaving the Army, Marye began his political career representing parts of Southwestern Virginia as a Democrat. Marye served in the State Senate from 1973 to 2002."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Marye, Madison E. (Madison Ellis), 1925-2016"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:04.583Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3849_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers of various College of Law faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. Noteworthy individuals whose materials are included are Carl Selinger, former professor and dean; Franklin Cleckley, former professor and WV Supreme Court of Appeals justice; Robert Donley, former professor; Thomas Hardman, former professor and dean; and Robert Lathrop, former professor. Additional faculty, alumni, and associates are also represented. The contents reflect the work of these individuals as WVU faculty, as faculty at other institutions, and in their legal careers outside of teaching. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, case files, and related items, but there are a few diplomas, certificates, awards, and photographs as well.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"text":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records","Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates","Special access restriction applies to boxes I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47. Student records, course records, case files, and personnel files must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact  the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department  in advance.","This series includes digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.","Includes papers of various College of Law faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. Noteworthy individuals whose materials are included are Carl Selinger, former professor and dean; Franklin Cleckley, former professor and WV Supreme Court of Appeals justice; Robert Donley, former professor; Thomas Hardman, former professor and dean; and Robert Lathrop, former professor. Additional faculty, alumni, and associates are also represented. The contents reflect the work of these individuals as WVU faculty, as faculty at other institutions, and in their legal careers outside of teaching. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, case files, and related items, but there are a few diplomas, certificates, awards, and photographs as well."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates","title_ssm":["Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates"],"title_tesim":["Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1897-2017"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1897/2017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I. Papers of Prominent Faculty, Alumni, and College Associates"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":51,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies to the following boxes:\nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47\nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7\nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37\nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department in advance.\nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies to boxes I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47. Student records, course records, case files, and personnel files must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ethe West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e in advance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies to boxes I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47. Student records, course records, case files, and personnel files must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact  the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department  in advance.","This series includes digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers of various College of Law faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. Noteworthy individuals whose materials are included are Carl Selinger, former professor and dean; Franklin Cleckley, former professor and WV Supreme Court of Appeals justice; Robert Donley, former professor; Thomas Hardman, former professor and dean; and Robert Lathrop, former professor. Additional faculty, alumni, and associates are also represented. The contents reflect the work of these individuals as WVU faculty, as faculty at other institutions, and in their legal careers outside of teaching. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, case files, and related items, but there are a few diplomas, certificates, awards, and photographs as well.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes papers of various College of Law faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. Noteworthy individuals whose materials are included are Carl Selinger, former professor and dean; Franklin Cleckley, former professor and WV Supreme Court of Appeals justice; Robert Donley, former professor; Thomas Hardman, former professor and dean; and Robert Lathrop, former professor. Additional faculty, alumni, and associates are also represented. The contents reflect the work of these individuals as WVU faculty, as faculty at other institutions, and in their legal careers outside of teaching. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, case files, and related items, but there are a few diplomas, certificates, awards, and photographs as well."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:22.697Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_7139.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/272857","title_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"title_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1807-2019","1920s-2010s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920s-2010s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1807-2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139"],"text":["A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139","West Virginia University, College of Law, Records","Law -- Study and teaching ","Law schools","Law libraries","Special access restriction applies to the following boxes: \nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47 \nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7 \nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37 \nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact  the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department  in advance. \nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.","The West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the  COL History webpage .","This collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level.","Two legal texts,  Pandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus  (1591) and  Pandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus  (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4735","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7139"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"collection_ssim":["West Virginia University, College of Law, Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creator_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"creators_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transfers from West Virginia University College of Law via Osborne, Caroline, 18 March 2021, 20 February 2023, and 5 June 2023."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law -- Study and teaching ","Law schools","Law libraries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law -- Study and teaching ","Law schools","Law libraries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["142.67 Linear Feet 142 feet and 8 inches\n\nSeries I: 38 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 3 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 1 unboxed item, 1.5 in.; \n\nSeries II: 11 record cartons, 15 in. each; 5 unboxed reels of film, 1 in. each;  \n\nSeries III: 15 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total;  \n\nSeries IV: 30 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 index card boxes, 12 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 6 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 4 in.; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.25 in. total; 1 framed item, 1.5 in.; 3 unboxed ledgers, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries V: 1 record carton, 15 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total; 2 unboxed rolled items, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries VI: 4 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; \n\nSeries VII: 5 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 3 oversize folders, 0.75 in. total"],"extent_tesim":["142.67 Linear Feet 142 feet and 8 inches\n\nSeries I: 38 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 3 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 1.5 in.; 1 unboxed item, 1.5 in.; \n\nSeries II: 11 record cartons, 15 in. each; 5 unboxed reels of film, 1 in. each;  \n\nSeries III: 15 record cartons, 15 in. each; 2 document cases, 5 in. each; 3 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total;  \n\nSeries IV: 30 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 index card boxes, 12 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 6 flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 4 in.; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.25 in. total; 1 framed item, 1.5 in.; 3 unboxed ledgers, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries V: 1 record carton, 15 in.; 2 oversize folders, 0.5 in. total; 2 unboxed rolled items, 9 in. total; \n\nSeries VI: 4 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; \n\nSeries VII: 5 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 document case, 5 in.; 3 oversize folders, 0.75 in. total"],"date_range_isim":[1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies to the following boxes:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ethe West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e in advance.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies to the following boxes: \nSeries I: I.1, I.2, I.8, I.9, I.10, I.14, I.24, I.28, I.34, I.41, I.42, I.45, I.46, and I.47 \nSeries II: II.2, II.4, II.6, and II.7 \nSeries IV: IV.29 and IV.37 \nThese boxes contain student work and academic records, course/faculty evaluations, personnel files, case files, and related materials, and they must be reviewed for sensitive information prior to research use. To use these boxes, please contact  the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department  in advance. \nAdditionally, series I, II, III, IV, and VII contain digital and audiovisual materials. Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view them in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department. Audiovisual materials must be digitized prior to research access; please contact the reference department in advance."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.wvu.edu/about-us/history\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCOL History webpage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The West Virginia University College of Law (COL) was founded in 1878. It was first accredited by the American Bar Association in 1923 and has retained its accreditation status since. The college was originally a fixture of the Downtown Campus, being housed first in Woodburn Hall and later in Colson Hall, but it has been located on the Evansdale Campus since the completion of the COL building in 1975. Notable prior deans of the college include Okey Johnson, Thomas P. Hardman, E. Gordon Gee, Carl M. Selinger, and Teree E. Foster. As of 2026, the current dean is Susan Brewer. More information about the college's history can be found on the  COL History webpage ."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, A\u0026amp;M 4735, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], West Virginia University, College of Law, Records, A\u0026M 4735, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes records transferred from the West Virginia University College of Law (COL). Series I includes papers of various COL faculty, administrators, alumni, and associates. The most common material types are correspondence, notes, publications, course materials, and case files. Series II includes materials used as class resources, generated by students, and related to curriculum. The most common material types are course notes, syllabi, exam instructions, and reading materials. Series III includes materials related to COL events and the College's various publications (e.g., newsletters and journals). The most common material types are event programs and invitations, event planning materials, and copies of newsletters. Series IV includes administrative materials and records of general College of Law operations. This series contains the most diverse grouping of materials, and it includes things like correspondence, photographs, reports, and some artifacts. Series V includes records of renovations, additions, and new construction of COL facilities. The most common material types are architectural drawings and related correspondence. Series VI includes records related to the process of maintaining and reviewing the College's accreditation status with the American Bar Association and American Association of Law Schools. The most common material types are ABA/AALS reports, compiled internal records, and correspondence. Series VII includes records of the law library. The most common material types are correspondence, reports, and American Association of Law Libraries items. More detailed content descriptions are provided at the series and box level."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo legal texts, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003ePandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e (1591) and \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003ePandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two legal texts,  Pandectarum seu Digestum vetus iruris ciuilis tomus primus  (1591) and  Pandectarum seu Digestorum iurus ciuilis quibus iurispredentia ex veteribus iureconsultis desumpta libris L contineture tomus secundus  (1591) have been separated into the Rare Books collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f62384a19fcd119cbc3e5fbf7ac89e4\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia University. College of Law"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia University. College of Law"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":156,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-12T20:06:22.697Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7139_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Personal","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series pertains to personal papers and items belonging to Caplan.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_16","vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession"],"text":["Paul G. Caplan Papers","Record Group II: Second Accession","Series I: Personal","This series pertains to personal papers and items belonging to Caplan."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Personal","title_ssm":["Series I: Personal"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Personal"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1918-2004, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1918/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Personal"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1217,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series pertains to personal papers and items belonging to Caplan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series pertains to personal papers and items belonging to Caplan."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_16.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/16","title_filing_ssi":"Caplan, Paul G.","title_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated","Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1890-2004, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 06/10/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"text":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16","Paul G. Caplan Papers","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk","A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.","This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.","Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett","The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.","Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).","The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 78","/repositories/5/resources/16"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Paul G. Caplan Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"creators_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Irwin Berent","Gift. Accession #A2003-2. An addition to the collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Businessmen--Virginia--Norfolk","Pharmacists--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42.60 Linear Feet","77 Hollinger document cases and 5 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["A portion of personal records are closed to researchers until 2049."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is broken down into groups based on when they were given to Special Collections and University Archives: Record Group 1: First Accession; and Record Group 2: Second Accession. Each record group is further organized into series within each record group."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePaul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEducation continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources used for biographical/historical note:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIrwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCaplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eObituaries\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e. \u003c/emph\u003eVirginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePaul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNorfolk\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights\u003c/emph\u003e. From \u003cextref href=\"http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\"\u003ehttp://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history\u003c/extref\u003e. Accessed on 15 August 2005.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBusiness. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAwards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCity of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Paul Glasser Caplan was born on August 29, 1918 in Norfolk, Virginia to Phillip and Ida May Glasser Caplan. A sister, Selma Faye Caplan, was born October 10, 1923. In 1963, Caplan married Ruth Kopelove Salasky and became a stepfather to Stanley Jackson Salasky and Marilyn Salasky. Caplan eventually had three step-grandchildren: Stanley's daughter Lauren, and Marilyn's two sons Daniel and Andrew.","Caplan graduated from Maury High School in 1936. He then attended the Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary/Virginia Polytechnic Institute, now Old Dominion University, graduating in 1938. Caplan completed his education by graduating from the Medical College of Virginia in 1941 with a degree in pharmacy.","After graduating, Caplan worked at Whelan Drugs in Newport News and Norfolk from 1941-1947. After 1947, he assisted his father in running Caplan's Pharmacy, located on Church and Charlotte Streets that had been purchased by Caplan's Uncle Abe in 1916. When Norfolk redevelopment closed the pharmacy in 1961, Caplan became president of One Stop Drug Shops, a co-operative of nine independent drug stores. Caplan also continued working as a pharmacist, for Red Behrman at Modern Pharmacy on Granby Street, at Frazier Pharmacy on 35th Street and Colonial Avenue, as well as at Central Stores in Roland Park.","Caplan was a member of several professional associations, such as the Tidewater Pharmaceutical Association, Virginia Pharmaceutical Association, and American Pharmaceutical Association, as well as a number of civic and political organizations. For instance, Caplan was a very prominent figure in the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, where he served on the Health and Sanitation, New Residents, Civic Affairs, and Publications committees. Caplan became president of the Norfolk chapter in 1951. Other organizations that Caplan was involved with included the Virginia Jaycees, the Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.","In regard to the development of the City of Norfolk, Caplan was primarily known via his involvement with the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority (N.P.I.A.), which oversaw the Norfolk International Terminals and Norfolk Municipal Airport, later becoming Norfolk Regional Airport in 1969 and eventually Norfolk International Airport in 1976. From 1962-1987, Caplan served on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, and was chairman from 1974-1987. During his time on the N.P.I.A. Board of Commissioners, the Norfolk airport grew from a municipal/ regional airport to an international airport. Caplan vehemently opposed the turnover of the Norfolk International Terminals to the Virginia Port Authority and he told the Virginian-Pilot in 1971 \"the surreptitious handling of Norfolk's interest in these matters concerns me, as it should our city fathers, for surely the port is our city's heartbeat.\" Caplan's opposition to the turnover was not successful and, the Norfolk International Terminal, along with terminals in Portsmouth and Newport News, became part of the Virginia Port Authority in July 1972.","For his service with the N.P.I.A. and to the City of Norfolk, Caplan was awarded a Certificate of Appreciation in July of 1987 for \"recognition of valuable and distinguished service on the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority.\" Two months later, he was honored with a resolution from Norfolk Mayor Joseph A. Leafe that recognized Caplan as an \"advocate of tourism and promotion of the City of Norfolk with regard to the use of air travel,\" and as serving  \"as the Port and Industrial Authority's Representative with the Convention and Visitor's Bureau.\" Caplan was also honored with a bronze plaque in the lobby of Norfolk International Airport.","Other areas of interest for Caplan were city and state politics and religion. He was the co-chair of Roy Martin's City of Norfolk council campaign and served as the \"unofficial first campaign manager\" for Stanley C. Walker, as well as working on campaigns to elect various state senators and delegates from Norfolk. Caplan was a charter member of the local Alpha Zadek Alpha fraternity, Chairman of the Community Relations Committee of the Norfolk Jewish Community Council, assisting in the formation of the Hillel Club at Norfolk Division of the College of William and Mary, and a past president of the Tidewater B'nai B'rith lodge.","Education continued to be an interest for Caplan throughout his life. Along with former members of the Junior Chamber of Commerce, Caplan helped establish an informal group named the Monday Morning Group, which met on Wednesdays and featured speakers representing a wide variety of Norfolk civic affairs. Caplan was also active in the Old Dominion University Alumni Association, Norfolk Division Executive Committee.","Caplan passed away in Norfolk on April 13, 2003.","Sources used for biographical/historical note:","Irwin Berent. Norfolk, Virginia: A Jewish History of the 20th Century. (Norfolk, VA: Jewish History USA.com, 2001): vii.","Caplan, Paul G. ODU Alumni Directory 2001. (Norfolk, VA: Bernard Harris Publishing Company, 2001): 173.","Obituaries .  Virginian Pilot. \"Paul Caplan.\" April 15, 2003. B8.","Paul G. Caplan, President, Arnold Gamsey Lodge No. 1195 of B'nai B'rith, 1962-1963. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 3, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Norfolk  International Airport Mission and Historic Highlights . From  http://www.norfolkairport.com/about-us/mission-history . Accessed on 15 August 2005.","Business. The Virginian-Pilot.  \"Ex-NPIA Chairman Caplan Dies.\" April 15, 2003. D2.","Awards-Transportation Related.  The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 1, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","City of Norfolk Resolution, September 22, 1987. The Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Box 1, Folder 7, Special Collections, Old Dominion University Libraries, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.","Note written by Kathleen Smith and Susan Catlett"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Papers of Paul G. Caplan, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was further processed by Mona Farrow in March 2017. The second accession was arranged and described by Kathleen Smith in 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Lawrence Morgan Cox, Sr. Papers (MG 38); Mason Andrews Papers (MG 62)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Paul G. Caplan range from around the 1890s to 2004, mostly consisting of materials related to the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, City of Norfolk, Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, Norfolk International Airport, Norfolk/Virginia Zoo, and air transportation in general.  The collection also contains correspondence related to personal life, transportation, politics, community and city issues; clippings and publications pertaining to various subjects including transportation, community relations, and politics; brochures; pharmacy related materials; photographs; and miscellaneous items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c74c1f93c4a2941abd6735e1ca8cd215\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eNorfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Norfolk pharmacist. Chaired the board of the Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority, which runs Norfolk International Terminals and the Norfolk International Airport, for thirteen years and was a board member from 1962 to 1987. Served on several political campaign committees, including those of Roy B. Martin and Stanley Walker. Was very active in civic affairs, including the Norfolk Junior Chamber of Commerce, Virginia Jaycees, United States Jaycees, Tidewater Chapter of the American Red Cross, Norfolk Jewish Community Council, and the Virginia Zoological and Aquarium Society."],"names_coll_ssim":["Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross","Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Chamber of Commerce","Norfolk Port and Industrial Authority","Norfolk International Airport (Norfolk, Va.)","Virginia Zoo (Norfolk, Va.)","American Red Cross"],"persname_ssim":["Caplan, Paul Glasser (1918-2003)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1445,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:49:30.225Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_16_c02_c01"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Series I: Personal","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the personal papers, correspondence and written works of Frank J. Guida.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_79"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_79"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"text":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection","Series I: Personal","This series consists of the personal papers, correspondence and written works of Frank J. Guida."],"title_filing_ssi":"Series I: Personal","title_ssm":["Series I: Personal"],"title_tesim":["Series I: Personal"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1977-2008, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1977/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Series I: Personal"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Portions of this collection are closed until January 1, 2033. Please consult a staff member for further information."],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of the personal papers, correspondence and written works of Frank J. Guida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This series consists of the personal papers, correspondence and written works of Frank J. Guida."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:41:17.996Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_79.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"Archon Finding Aid location","title_filing_ssi":"Guida, Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network Inc.","title_ssm":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"title_tesim":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-2008, undated","1960-1985","Date acquired: 07/21/2017"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1985"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 07/21/2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 128","/repositories/5/resources/79"],"text":["MG 128","/repositories/5/resources/79","Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection","Sound recording executives and procedures","Composers","Playwrights","Authors--United States","Rock music--Virginia--Norfolk","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Italian-Americans","Portions of this collection are closed until January 1, 2033. Please consult a staff member for further information.","The collection is arranged into ten series: Series I: Personal; Series II: Rockmasters International Network Inc.; Series III: Songs; Series IV: Certificates; Series V: Contracts; Series VI: Royalties; Series VII: Court Cases; Series VIII: Audiovisual; Series IX: Memorabilia; and Series X: Artifacts and Equipment.","Frank Guida and his wife Carmela T. \"Millie\" Guida were prominent figures in the Norfolk arts and business communities in the latter half of the 20th century. Frank is most remembered for his work as a music composer and producer and for creating what he dubbed the \"Norfolk Sound,\" which characterized a number of hit records from the early 1960s featuring Jimmy Soul, Gary U.S. Bonds, and other artists.","Frank J. Guida was born in Palermo, Sicily on May 26, 1922. At age two, his family immigrated to the West Bronx neighborhood of New York City where he grew up.  Millie (born Carmela Teresa Addesso on Sept. 11, 1924) who also grew up in New York City and graduated from Evander Childs High School. While in school, she attracted the attention of her teachers for her extraordinary singing voice and was strongly encouraged to study voice at New York's Juilliard School of Music, but World War II and marriage put her on a different path. She and Frank were married in 1942 and soon after Frank enlisted in the US Army. He was stationed at Port of Spain, Trinidad, where became interested in calypso music and performed as the \"Calypso Kid\" in the USO. After the war, he returned to NYC and continued his singing career performing at calypso clubs in New York's Harlem neighborhood. The Guidas moved to Norfolk in 1953 and opened Frankie's Birdland, a popular record store featuring jazz, R\u0026B and pop music records. Beyond that Frank was active in the local music scene promoting and managing musical acts and ultimately opening a series of recording studios. He had a Friday Night radio show on local station WLOW and hosted Frankie's Jazz Workshop on WTOV-TV Channel 27. He owned several record labels including Legrand and S.P.Q.R. He was an advocate for the local and national Italian American community, a business leader, and at times an outspoken commentator of Norfolk's City Council. For his work in promoting cultural and business ties between the United States and Italy, he was awarded the title of \"Cavaliere\" by the Italian Republic. After raising a family and living a fulfilling career in Norfolk Frank passed away on May 19, 2007. Millie passed the following year on March 20, 2008.","Frank Guida's career as a hit-maker began in 1959 when he co-wrote the song \"High School U.S.A.\" with Joe Royster and recorded it with Tommy Facenda on vocals. The song reached #28 on the Billboard Hot 100 later that year. But it was the following year that Guida rose to greater notoriety as a producer with the release of \"New Orleans\" featuring Gary U.S. Bonds and which introduced Guida's characteristic overmodulated sound to the world. \"New Orleans\" reached #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the summer of 1960, and in 1961 Guida had his first #1 hit with \"Quarter to Three\" (Gary U.S. Bonds). Guida and Bonds had several more Billboard hits in 1961-1962. Guida again had a #1 hit in 1963 with \"If You Wanna Be Happy\" co-written by Joe Royster and Millie Guida and featuring Jimmy Soul on vocals. Frank's achievements in the arts, business, and cross-cultural endeavors made him a true Renaissance man, a description that would have pleased him given his life-long admiration of Leonardo DaVinci.","Note written by Madeline Dietrich","Collection was processed by Mona Farrow, Kathleen Smith, and Madeline Dietrich from July 2016 through May 2019.","This collection contains both the personal papers of Frank and Carmela Guida, as well as the records of Frank's music business, including Rockmasters International Network Inc. The bulk of the collection consists of the records related to Rockmasters International Network, Inc. and includes correspondence, administrative records, photographs of artists and Guida's record stores, audiovisual material produced by Guida, and recording equipment used by Guida while recording the music he produced. The rest of the collection consists of the personal papers of the Guidas including corresponence, their involvement in the Italian-American Community, and plays and other writings authored by Frank Guida.","The collection contains administrative documents, publications, articles, research materials, technical manuals, photographs, audio-visual items, and recording equipment in regard to Frank J. Guida, his community service, creative endeavors and his work in creating the \"Norfolk Sound.\" Most of the material dates from the 1960s to the 1980s.","ODU Community Collections","Rockmasters International Network Inc.","Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)","English Italian"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 128","/repositories/5/resources/79"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International Network, Inc. Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"creator_ssim":["Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"creators_ssim":["Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Rockmasters International Network, Inc., courtesy of the Guida children, Anne T. Kent, Lydia M. McHenry, and Joseph F. Guida","Acc. 2017.012 was received by Special Collections and University from the donor via movers on 7/21/2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Sound recording executives and procedures","Composers","Playwrights","Authors--United States","Rock music--Virginia--Norfolk","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Italian-Americans"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Sound recording executives and procedures","Composers","Playwrights","Authors--United States","Rock music--Virginia--Norfolk","Civic leaders--Virginia--Norfolk","Italian-Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128.60 Linear Feet","74 Hollinger document cases, 7 record center cartons, 12 oversize boxes, and 32 audiovisual boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["128.60 Linear Feet","74 Hollinger document cases, 7 record center cartons, 12 oversize boxes, and 32 audiovisual boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection are closed until January 1, 2033. Please consult a staff member for further information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Portions of this collection are closed until January 1, 2033. Please consult a staff member for further information."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into ten series: Series I: Personal; Series II: Rockmasters International Network Inc.; Series III: Songs; Series IV: Certificates; Series V: Contracts; Series VI: Royalties; Series VII: Court Cases; Series VIII: Audiovisual; Series IX: Memorabilia; and Series X: Artifacts and Equipment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into ten series: Series I: Personal; Series II: Rockmasters International Network Inc.; Series III: Songs; Series IV: Certificates; Series V: Contracts; Series VI: Royalties; Series VII: Court Cases; Series VIII: Audiovisual; Series IX: Memorabilia; and Series X: Artifacts and Equipment."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Guida and his wife Carmela T. \"Millie\" Guida were prominent figures in the Norfolk arts and business communities in the latter half of the 20th century. Frank is most remembered for his work as a music composer and producer and for creating what he dubbed the \"Norfolk Sound,\" which characterized a number of hit records from the early 1960s featuring Jimmy Soul, Gary U.S. Bonds, and other artists.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank J. Guida was born in Palermo, Sicily on May 26, 1922. At age two, his family immigrated to the West Bronx neighborhood of New York City where he grew up.  Millie (born Carmela Teresa Addesso on Sept. 11, 1924) who also grew up in New York City and graduated from Evander Childs High School. While in school, she attracted the attention of her teachers for her extraordinary singing voice and was strongly encouraged to study voice at New York's Juilliard School of Music, but World War II and marriage put her on a different path. She and Frank were married in 1942 and soon after Frank enlisted in the US Army. He was stationed at Port of Spain, Trinidad, where became interested in calypso music and performed as the \"Calypso Kid\" in the USO. After the war, he returned to NYC and continued his singing career performing at calypso clubs in New York's Harlem neighborhood. The Guidas moved to Norfolk in 1953 and opened Frankie's Birdland, a popular record store featuring jazz, R\u0026amp;B and pop music records. Beyond that Frank was active in the local music scene promoting and managing musical acts and ultimately opening a series of recording studios. He had a Friday Night radio show on local station WLOW and hosted Frankie's Jazz Workshop on WTOV-TV Channel 27. He owned several record labels including Legrand and S.P.Q.R. He was an advocate for the local and national Italian American community, a business leader, and at times an outspoken commentator of Norfolk's City Council. For his work in promoting cultural and business ties between the United States and Italy, he was awarded the title of \"Cavaliere\" by the Italian Republic. After raising a family and living a fulfilling career in Norfolk Frank passed away on May 19, 2007. Millie passed the following year on March 20, 2008.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrank Guida's career as a hit-maker began in 1959 when he co-wrote the song \"High School U.S.A.\" with Joe Royster and recorded it with Tommy Facenda on vocals. The song reached #28 on the Billboard Hot 100 later that year. But it was the following year that Guida rose to greater notoriety as a producer with the release of \"New Orleans\" featuring Gary U.S. Bonds and which introduced Guida's characteristic overmodulated sound to the world. \"New Orleans\" reached #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the summer of 1960, and in 1961 Guida had his first #1 hit with \"Quarter to Three\" (Gary U.S. Bonds). Guida and Bonds had several more Billboard hits in 1961-1962. Guida again had a #1 hit in 1963 with \"If You Wanna Be Happy\" co-written by Joe Royster and Millie Guida and featuring Jimmy Soul on vocals. Frank's achievements in the arts, business, and cross-cultural endeavors made him a true Renaissance man, a description that would have pleased him given his life-long admiration of Leonardo DaVinci.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Madeline Dietrich\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frank Guida and his wife Carmela T. \"Millie\" Guida were prominent figures in the Norfolk arts and business communities in the latter half of the 20th century. Frank is most remembered for his work as a music composer and producer and for creating what he dubbed the \"Norfolk Sound,\" which characterized a number of hit records from the early 1960s featuring Jimmy Soul, Gary U.S. Bonds, and other artists.","Frank J. Guida was born in Palermo, Sicily on May 26, 1922. At age two, his family immigrated to the West Bronx neighborhood of New York City where he grew up.  Millie (born Carmela Teresa Addesso on Sept. 11, 1924) who also grew up in New York City and graduated from Evander Childs High School. While in school, she attracted the attention of her teachers for her extraordinary singing voice and was strongly encouraged to study voice at New York's Juilliard School of Music, but World War II and marriage put her on a different path. She and Frank were married in 1942 and soon after Frank enlisted in the US Army. He was stationed at Port of Spain, Trinidad, where became interested in calypso music and performed as the \"Calypso Kid\" in the USO. After the war, he returned to NYC and continued his singing career performing at calypso clubs in New York's Harlem neighborhood. The Guidas moved to Norfolk in 1953 and opened Frankie's Birdland, a popular record store featuring jazz, R\u0026B and pop music records. Beyond that Frank was active in the local music scene promoting and managing musical acts and ultimately opening a series of recording studios. He had a Friday Night radio show on local station WLOW and hosted Frankie's Jazz Workshop on WTOV-TV Channel 27. He owned several record labels including Legrand and S.P.Q.R. He was an advocate for the local and national Italian American community, a business leader, and at times an outspoken commentator of Norfolk's City Council. For his work in promoting cultural and business ties between the United States and Italy, he was awarded the title of \"Cavaliere\" by the Italian Republic. After raising a family and living a fulfilling career in Norfolk Frank passed away on May 19, 2007. Millie passed the following year on March 20, 2008.","Frank Guida's career as a hit-maker began in 1959 when he co-wrote the song \"High School U.S.A.\" with Joe Royster and recorded it with Tommy Facenda on vocals. The song reached #28 on the Billboard Hot 100 later that year. But it was the following year that Guida rose to greater notoriety as a producer with the release of \"New Orleans\" featuring Gary U.S. Bonds and which introduced Guida's characteristic overmodulated sound to the world. \"New Orleans\" reached #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the summer of 1960, and in 1961 Guida had his first #1 hit with \"Quarter to Three\" (Gary U.S. Bonds). Guida and Bonds had several more Billboard hits in 1961-1962. Guida again had a #1 hit in 1963 with \"If You Wanna Be Happy\" co-written by Joe Royster and Millie Guida and featuring Jimmy Soul on vocals. Frank's achievements in the arts, business, and cross-cultural endeavors made him a true Renaissance man, a description that would have pleased him given his life-long admiration of Leonardo DaVinci.","Note written by Madeline Dietrich"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International, Inc. Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Frank and Carmela Guida/Rockmasters International, Inc. Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection was processed by Mona Farrow, Kathleen Smith, and Madeline Dietrich from July 2016 through May 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection was processed by Mona Farrow, Kathleen Smith, and Madeline Dietrich from July 2016 through May 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains both the personal papers of Frank and Carmela Guida, as well as the records of Frank's music business, including Rockmasters International Network Inc. The bulk of the collection consists of the records related to Rockmasters International Network, Inc. and includes correspondence, administrative records, photographs of artists and Guida's record stores, audiovisual material produced by Guida, and recording equipment used by Guida while recording the music he produced. The rest of the collection consists of the personal papers of the Guidas including corresponence, their involvement in the Italian-American Community, and plays and other writings authored by Frank Guida.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains both the personal papers of Frank and Carmela Guida, as well as the records of Frank's music business, including Rockmasters International Network Inc. The bulk of the collection consists of the records related to Rockmasters International Network, Inc. and includes correspondence, administrative records, photographs of artists and Guida's record stores, audiovisual material produced by Guida, and recording equipment used by Guida while recording the music he produced. The rest of the collection consists of the personal papers of the Guidas including corresponence, their involvement in the Italian-American Community, and plays and other writings authored by Frank Guida."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_117ebc98b796fc1ba94521c1db2cd862\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains administrative documents, publications, articles, research materials, technical manuals, photographs, audio-visual items, and recording equipment in regard to Frank J. Guida, his community service, creative endeavors and his work in creating the \"Norfolk Sound.\" Most of the material dates from the 1960s to the 1980s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains administrative documents, publications, articles, research materials, technical manuals, photographs, audio-visual items, and recording equipment in regard to Frank J. Guida, his community service, creative endeavors and his work in creating the \"Norfolk Sound.\" Most of the material dates from the 1960s to the 1980s."],"names_coll_ssim":["Rockmasters International Network Inc.","Guida, Frank (1922-2007)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Rockmasters International Network Inc.","Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Rockmasters International Network Inc."],"persname_ssim":["Guida, Frank (1922-2007)","Guida, Carmela T. (1924-2008)"],"language_ssim":["English Italian"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1246,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:41:17.996Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_79_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":11},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":385},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":418},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":161},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":27},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":214},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Randolph-Macon College","value":"Randolph-Macon College","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Randolph-Macon+College"}},{"attributes":{"label":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","value":"The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","hits":47},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=The+George+Washington+Presidential+Library+at+Mount+Vernon"}},{"attributes":{"label":"University of Mary Washington","value":"University of Mary Washington","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Mary+Washington"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Scenes from Behind the Wall: Images of East Germany, 1989/90\" exhibit collection","value":"\"Scenes from Behind the Wall: Images of East Germany, 1989/90\" exhibit collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Scenes+from+Behind+the+Wall%3A+Images+of+East+Germany%2C+1989%2F90%22+exhibit+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2000\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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