{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond\u0026page=2","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond\u0026page=1","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond\u0026page=3","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1995\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Richmond\u0026page=5"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":2,"next_page":3,"prev_page":1,"total_pages":5,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10,"total_count":42,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence, 1971/2001","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. 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It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971/2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1971-2001 and undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":21,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"date_range_isim":[1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_4.xml","title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"text":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4","Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations","David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024.","The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.","O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf","James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama.","File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.","The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972.","This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"creators_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The James Rachels Papers were donated to the University of Richmond by James Rachels's son, David Rachels, in July 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eDavid Rachels\u003c/persname\u003e sent a set of small additions to the collection in \u003cdate\u003eMay 2024\u003c/date\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in four series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 4: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eO'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013.\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\"\u003e http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\"\u003ehttp://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on \u003cdate\u003eMay 30, 1941\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eColumbus, Georgia\u003c/geogname\u003e where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from \u003ccorpname\u003eMercer University\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e and a Ph.D. from the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Ph.D., \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e taught at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e from \u003cdate\u003e1966\u003c/date\u003e until \u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e. He subsequently taught at \u003ccorpname\u003eNew York University\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1968-1972\u003c/date\u003e), the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Miami\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1972-1977\u003c/date\u003e), and \u003ccorpname\u003eDuke University\u003c/corpname\u003e (1975) before coming to the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham\u003c/corpname\u003e where he taught from \u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e until his death in \u003cdate\u003e2003\u003c/date\u003e. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the \u003coccupation\u003eChair of the Department of Philosophy\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1977-1979, \u003coccupation\u003eDean of the School of Humanities\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e, he edited his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e, in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. In its sixth edition (2010), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew England Journal of Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e, was published in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in \u003cdate\u003e1990\u003c/date\u003e with similar widespread recognition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust before his death, Rachels held the \u003ccorpname\u003eNational Endowment for the Humanities\u003c/corpname\u003e' \u003coccupation\u003eDistinguished Visiting Professorship\u003c/occupation\u003e from 2001-2002 at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels died \u003cdate\u003eSeptember 5, 2003\u003c/date\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eBirmingham, Alabama\u003c/geogname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFile description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCan Ethics Provide Answers?\u003c/title\u003e Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield, 1997. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James, ed. \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1975.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. \u003ctitle\u003ePhilosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1972.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAny quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"language_ssim":["The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al., 1989/1995","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01","parent_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","Correspondence, 1971/2001"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_4","viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al.","title_ssm":["Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al."],"title_tesim":["Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al., 1989/1995"],"text":["Correspondence – Cavalieri, Paola, et al., 1989/1995","James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","Correspondence, 1971/2001","box 1 MS-12","folder 5"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","Correspondence, 1971/2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","Correspondence, 1971/2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989/1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1989-1995"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":6,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"containers_ssim":["box 1 MS-12","folder 5"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"date_range_isim":[1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_4.xml","title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"text":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4","Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations","David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024.","The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.","O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf","James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama.","File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.","The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972.","This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"creators_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The James Rachels Papers were donated to the University of Richmond by James Rachels's son, David Rachels, in July 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eDavid Rachels\u003c/persname\u003e sent a set of small additions to the collection in \u003cdate\u003eMay 2024\u003c/date\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in four series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 4: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eO'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013.\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\"\u003e http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\"\u003ehttp://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on \u003cdate\u003eMay 30, 1941\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eColumbus, Georgia\u003c/geogname\u003e where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from \u003ccorpname\u003eMercer University\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e and a Ph.D. from the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Ph.D., \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e taught at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e from \u003cdate\u003e1966\u003c/date\u003e until \u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e. He subsequently taught at \u003ccorpname\u003eNew York University\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1968-1972\u003c/date\u003e), the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Miami\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1972-1977\u003c/date\u003e), and \u003ccorpname\u003eDuke University\u003c/corpname\u003e (1975) before coming to the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham\u003c/corpname\u003e where he taught from \u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e until his death in \u003cdate\u003e2003\u003c/date\u003e. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the \u003coccupation\u003eChair of the Department of Philosophy\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1977-1979, \u003coccupation\u003eDean of the School of Humanities\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e, he edited his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e, in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. In its sixth edition (2010), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew England Journal of Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e, was published in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in \u003cdate\u003e1990\u003c/date\u003e with similar widespread recognition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust before his death, Rachels held the \u003ccorpname\u003eNational Endowment for the Humanities\u003c/corpname\u003e' \u003coccupation\u003eDistinguished Visiting Professorship\u003c/occupation\u003e from 2001-2002 at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels died \u003cdate\u003eSeptember 5, 2003\u003c/date\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eBirmingham, Alabama\u003c/geogname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFile description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCan Ethics Provide Answers?\u003c/title\u003e Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield, 1997. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James, ed. \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1975.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. \u003ctitle\u003ePhilosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1972.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAny quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"language_ssim":["The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c01_c05"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Walker, Wyatt Tee","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2013","1920-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"text":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55","Richmond (Va.)","University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings","There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.","No additional material is expected.","Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond","Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.","Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.","This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.","Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation from estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photograph albums","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo additional material is expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No additional material is expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries I: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries II: University of Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nFiles are arranged in chronological order to the extent possible, as many items are undated. \n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026amp;P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64a735eb787dcade64999d6e81c49055\"\u003eThis collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":57,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2013","1920-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"text":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55","Richmond (Va.)","University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings","There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.","No additional material is expected.","Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond","Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.","Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.","This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.","Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation from estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photograph albums","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo additional material is expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No additional material is expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries I: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries II: University of Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nFiles are arranged in chronological order to the extent possible, as many items are undated. \n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026amp;P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64a735eb787dcade64999d6e81c49055\"\u003eThis collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":57,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ephemera, 1983/1999","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01","parent_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_27","viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Ephemera","title_ssm":["Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Ephemera"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ephemera, 1983/1999"],"text":["Ephemera, 1983/1999","Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963","box 1 MS-24","folder 6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1983/1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980s"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":7,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"containers_ssim":["box 1 MS-24","folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"date_range_isim":[1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c06"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos, 1943/2013","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01","parent_ssim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","Personal, 1860/2013"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_55","viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos","title_ssm":["Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos"],"title_tesim":["Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos, 1943/2013"],"text":["Framed Awards, Certifications, and Photos, 1943/2013","Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","Personal, 1860/2013","box 1","folder 27"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","Personal, 1860/2013"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","Personal, 1860/2013"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1943/2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943- November, 21 2013"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":20,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 27"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#18","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_55","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_55.xml","title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2013","1920-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2013"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1920-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"text":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990","MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55","Richmond (Va.)","University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings","There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.","No additional material is expected.","Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond","Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.","Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.","This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.","Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"collection_ssim":["Earl and Jewell Ratliff Collection, 1860/2013, bulk 1920/1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-41","/repositories/4/resources/55"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016","University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donation from estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Richmond -- History","Scrapbooks","Postcards","Ephemera","Photograph albums","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Photograph albums","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo additional material is expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["No additional material is expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries I: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSeries II: University of Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nFiles are arranged in chronological order to the extent possible, as many items are undated. \n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Personal\n\nSeries II: University of Richmond"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026amp;P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Earl Gordon Ratliff, 1926-2013, was an alumnus and avid supporter of the University of Richmond, an enthusiastic traveler, a committed member of multiple Fraternal Organizations, and a WWII Veteran. Earl was born in McComb, Mississippi and in 1944, he received his high school diploma from Woodrow Wilson High School in Portsmouth, Virginia. Following his military service, Earl graduated from the University of Richmond in 1951 with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration. On March 24, 1951 Earl and Jewell were married in Newport News, Virginia. Earl held membership in several organizations including: the Spiders Club, the Portsmouth Naval Lodge No. 100, the ACCA Legion of Honor, and the 70th Army Infantry Division Association.","Jewel Diane Ratliff, 1929-2016, (maiden name Grobb), was a longtime employee of the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company (Verizon), a supporter of the University of Richmond, and a committed member of several volunteer organizations. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School in 1946 before beginning work at the C\u0026P Telephone Company. She served as president of the Telephone Pioneers of America Richmond Chapter and for the State of Virginia region. Earl and Jewell traveled extensively across the United States, Mexico, and Canada and took many photos of their vacations."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Jeremy Alan White with later accruals incorporated by Hillery Wynn."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the lives of Earl Gordon Ratliff and Jewell Diane Grobb Ratliff, including Earl's time spent at the University of Richmond and their various travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico. From Jewell's family photos from 1918 to her untimely death in December of 2016, the collection contains personal materials including scrapbooks, family portraits, jewelry, various textiles, and University of Richmond ephemera. This collection captures the Earl Ratliff's volunteer activities at the Food Back, civic and community involvement in the Order of the Eastern Star, ELKS, Cheswick Walking Club, Spiders Club, Rectors Club, and ACCA Temple Shrine. Furthermore, the content of this collection documents Jewell Ratliff's committment to the Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company for 36 years and her civic and community involvement in the Telephone Pioneers of America, Commonwealth Women's Club, Cheswick Walking Club, ELKS, and Order of the Eastern Star. Both Ratliffs shared a love of athletics at the University of Richmond and often attended various events in support. The textual materials are comprised of dimplomas, certificates, office emphemera, correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, awards, posters, and related printed matter. Among other formats throughout the collection are photographs, plaques, pins, coins, and WWII paraphernailia.","This series captures the personal lives of Earl and Jewell Ratliff including their work, family, awards, correspondence, and community involvement. This series is comprised of a variety of vacation scrapbooks, diplomas, plaques, family photos, jewelry, obituaries, pins, coins, office ephermera, notes, and WWII paraphernalia. The various textual materials are organized in a way that reflects Earl's personal life from 1926 to 2013, Jewell's personal life from 1929 to 2016, and then their combined personal affairs.","This series captures the various events and games to which Earl and Jewell Ratliff attended at the University of Richmond. This series is comprised of a variety of posters, stickers, sideline passes, tickets, program guides, newspaper clippings, photos, and various UR branded textiles collected from 1943 to the 2010s when they ultimately passed away."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Oversized documents are stored separately in oversize files. References to oversized items are included in the appropriate place in the series and provide information about where materials are housed.\nMaterials from the Brown Scrapbook (Box 1 Files 23 and 24), Black Scrapbook 1 (Box 1 File 21), and two pages from an unidentified scrapbook (OS Drawer 1 File 5) were removed from scrapbooks and filed in folders. All other scrapbooks remain intact and reflect the original order."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64a735eb787dcade64999d6e81c49055\"\u003eThis collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains ephemera, University of Richmond memorabilia, service awards, photographs, and postcards representing the life of Earl and Jewell Ratliff and their service to the University of Richmond, volunteer organizations, and their love of travel."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"names_coll_ssim":["Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter"],"persname_ssim":["Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Telephone Pioneers of America. Old Dominion Chapter","Ratliff, Earl Gordon, 1926-2013","Ratliff, Jewell, 1929-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":57,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_55_c01_c19"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library, 1993/1999","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01","parent_ssim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008","Series I: Celebration Materials, 1891/2015"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_16","viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library","title_ssm":["History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library"],"title_tesim":["History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library"],"normalized_title_ssm":["History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library, 1993/1999"],"text":["History and resolution of the Nostrae Filiae Room in Boatwright Library, 1993/1999","UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008","Series I: Celebration Materials, 1891/2015","box 1 MS-25","folder 72"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008","Series I: Celebration Materials, 1891/2015"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008","Series I: Celebration Materials, 1891/2015"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993/1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-1999"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":72,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008"],"containers_ssim":["box 1 MS-25","folder 72"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#70","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_16","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_16.xml","title_ssm":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection"],"title_tesim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1997-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1997-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1997/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008"],"text":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008","MS-25","/repositories/4/resources/16","University of Richmond -- History","Nonbook Materials","DVDs","Video CDs","Posters","Pamphlets","Videocassettes","Arranged in 3 boxes, one oversized.","The University of Richmond traces its roots to 1830 at a private academy called Dunlora, which was operated by the Reverend Edward Baptist under the sponsorship of the Virginia Baptist Education Society. In 1832, the Virginia Baptist Seminary was formed with the Reverend Robert Ryland as principal and the only teacher. The seminary was located on a farm called Spring Farm near the present-day Bryan Park. In 1834, the seminary was moved to what was then a western suburb of Richmond, one-half mile from the city limits. The seminary, located near the present intersection of Grace and Lombardy Streets, and the school remained at this site for eighty years. In 1840, Richmond College was chartered as a liberal arts and sciences college for men by the Virginia General Assembly.","Two other events provided significant impact in shaping the existing physical campus: the move to the present campus and the establishment of the co-ordinate system. The origins of the present campus date to 1910, when the Richmond College Board of Trustees purchased approximately 290 acres including Westhampton Lake. Ben Green's old mill pond, now known as Westhampton Lake, stretched 1,326 feet in length and divided the property into two parts. The lake covered approximately fourteen acres and predated the Civil War. Classes at Richmond College started in September, 1914. Westhampton College, a college of liberal arts and sciences for women, was also established in 1914 on the same property. George White McDaniel, chairman of the Board of Trustees committee to secure the deed to the property, noted that the property was, \"sufficiently large for all future purposes\" of the institution. The property was outside the City of Richmond in Henrico County. Twenty-six years later, Richmond College was once again within city limits as the City of Richmond annexed a considerable portion of Henrico County.","President Frederic William Boatwright (1895–1946 term of office) envisioned a \"Collegiate Gothic\" style of architecture for the new University campus. In 1910, the architectural firm of Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson was commissioned by the Board of Trustees to draft plans for the future College. Ralph Adams Cram, eminent institutional architect, was responsible for establishing the enduring style on the University of Richmond campus. The Board of Trustees also engaged the service of a landscape architect Warren H. Manning, a former apprentice to Frederick Law Olmstead. Manning was responsible for designing and locating roads, supervising the cutting and planting of trees, locating walkways, and landscaping the terrain so that it would drain appropriately. President Boatwright worked with Cram and Manning to formulate a master plan which considered fifty years of growth for the institution on its present site. The master plan included provision for a college of medicine, a law school building, an observatory, a school of business administration, an engineering school, a gymnasium and swimming pool, a major library and homes for professors.","Construction of new buildings designed by Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson began in 1911. The first building constructed on the new site was Ryland Hall, now the Humanities Building, which housed administrative offices, lecture rooms, the art hall, meeting space and a library with 40,000 volumes. It was followed by North Court. Two residence halls for men were also constructed: Residence Hall No. 2 (formerly Thomas Hall) and Residence Hall No. 1 (formerly Jeter Hall). Cram is credited with remarking that the collegiate Gothic style symbolizes \"eternal values\" and \"exalted ideals of education and religion.\" Cram also boasted that there \"wasn't another site in the whole United States as suitable for a college, except for the site at West Point.\"","During World War II, the University of Richmond supported the national effort to conserve food by establishing victory gardens on campus. In the spring of 1943, an area on the Westhampton campus near River Road was cultivated with plots assigned to faculty who wished to make a garden. The University of Richmond expanded over time as the following schools of study were established:","1870 - The T.C. Williams School of Law\n1921 - The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences\n1949 - The E. Claiborne Robins School of Business\n1962 - University College (The School of Continuing Studies)\n1976 - The Richard S. Reynolds Graduate School of Business\n1992 - The Jepson School of Leadership Studies","Perhaps, the most significant event in the recent history of the University occurred in 1969, when alumnus E. Claiborne Robins gave the University a gift valued at $50 million. The University moved forward to raise a matching amount of funds. This led to the construction of new facilities and the renovation of existing campus buildings.","Over the years, the University of Richmond has been characterized by its rolling terrain, commodious open space and lush tree canopy. This landscape was the primary determinant in the initial master plan organization and has continued to dictate the development patterns as growth has occurred. This methodology has been continuously embraced by those in leadership positions within the University and has clearly elevated the University of Richmond to a top position nationally in the aesthetic quality of its setting. In 1999, the University of Richmond was recognized by the Princeton Review as the most beautiful campus in the United States.","University history quoted from UR's Architectural Services website.","Processed by Betty Dickie.","The collection includes research on University history, presidents, alumni, and buildings. It also includes the marketing materials and the steps that went into producing them; photographs from Dementi; VHS tapes of the Gala Celebration, President Ayers inauguration, and more; historical information about Boatwright Library. The collection includes all of the working notes and steps in the putting together of the various events for the anniversary celebrating 175 years.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains materials, notes, samples, photos, videos, and more, pertaining to the celebration of University of Richmond's 175th Anniversary.","University of Richmond","Monday, Kathy","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008"],"collection_ssim":["UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, 1997/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-25","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-25","/repositories/4/resources/16"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Monday, Kathy"],"creator_ssim":["Monday, Kathy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Monday, Kathy"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creators_ssim":["Monday, Kathy","University of Richmond"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was collected by Kathy Monday, Vice President of Information Services, who was in charge of planning and implementing the 175th Anniversary Celebration for the University of Richmond. She transferred the materials to the library upon her retirement in 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University of Richmond -- History","Nonbook Materials","DVDs","Video CDs","Posters","Pamphlets","Videocassettes"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University of Richmond -- History","Nonbook Materials","DVDs","Video CDs","Posters","Pamphlets","Videocassettes"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Pamphlets","Videocassettes"],"date_range_isim":[1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged in 3 boxes, one oversized.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged in 3 boxes, one oversized."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University of Richmond traces its roots to 1830 at a private academy called Dunlora, which was operated by the Reverend Edward Baptist under the sponsorship of the Virginia Baptist Education Society. In 1832, the Virginia Baptist Seminary was formed with the Reverend Robert Ryland as principal and the only teacher. The seminary was located on a farm called Spring Farm near the present-day Bryan Park. In 1834, the seminary was moved to what was then a western suburb of Richmond, one-half mile from the city limits. The seminary, located near the present intersection of Grace and Lombardy Streets, and the school remained at this site for eighty years. In 1840, Richmond College was chartered as a liberal arts and sciences college for men by the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo other events provided significant impact in shaping the existing physical campus: the move to the present campus and the establishment of the co-ordinate system. The origins of the present campus date to 1910, when the Richmond College Board of Trustees purchased approximately 290 acres including Westhampton Lake. Ben Green's old mill pond, now known as Westhampton Lake, stretched 1,326 feet in length and divided the property into two parts. The lake covered approximately fourteen acres and predated the Civil War. Classes at Richmond College started in September, 1914. Westhampton College, a college of liberal arts and sciences for women, was also established in 1914 on the same property. George White McDaniel, chairman of the Board of Trustees committee to secure the deed to the property, noted that the property was, \"sufficiently large for all future purposes\" of the institution. The property was outside the City of Richmond in Henrico County. Twenty-six years later, Richmond College was once again within city limits as the City of Richmond annexed a considerable portion of Henrico County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident Frederic William Boatwright (1895–1946 term of office) envisioned a \"Collegiate Gothic\" style of architecture for the new University campus. In 1910, the architectural firm of Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson was commissioned by the Board of Trustees to draft plans for the future College. Ralph Adams Cram, eminent institutional architect, was responsible for establishing the enduring style on the University of Richmond campus. The Board of Trustees also engaged the service of a landscape architect Warren H. Manning, a former apprentice to Frederick Law Olmstead. Manning was responsible for designing and locating roads, supervising the cutting and planting of trees, locating walkways, and landscaping the terrain so that it would drain appropriately. President Boatwright worked with Cram and Manning to formulate a master plan which considered fifty years of growth for the institution on its present site. The master plan included provision for a college of medicine, a law school building, an observatory, a school of business administration, an engineering school, a gymnasium and swimming pool, a major library and homes for professors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstruction of new buildings designed by Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson began in 1911. The first building constructed on the new site was Ryland Hall, now the Humanities Building, which housed administrative offices, lecture rooms, the art hall, meeting space and a library with 40,000 volumes. It was followed by North Court. Two residence halls for men were also constructed: Residence Hall No. 2 (formerly Thomas Hall) and Residence Hall No. 1 (formerly Jeter Hall). Cram is credited with remarking that the collegiate Gothic style symbolizes \"eternal values\" and \"exalted ideals of education and religion.\" Cram also boasted that there \"wasn't another site in the whole United States as suitable for a college, except for the site at West Point.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II, the University of Richmond supported the national effort to conserve food by establishing victory gardens on campus. In the spring of 1943, an area on the Westhampton campus near River Road was cultivated with plots assigned to faculty who wished to make a garden. The University of Richmond expanded over time as the following schools of study were established:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1870 - The T.C. Williams School of Law\u003cbr\u003e\n1921 - The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences\u003cbr\u003e\n1949 - The E. Claiborne Robins School of Business\u003cbr\u003e\n1962 - University College (The School of Continuing Studies)\u003cbr\u003e\n1976 - The Richard S. Reynolds Graduate School of Business\u003cbr\u003e\n1992 - The Jepson School of Leadership Studies\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps, the most significant event in the recent history of the University occurred in 1969, when alumnus E. Claiborne Robins gave the University a gift valued at $50 million. The University moved forward to raise a matching amount of funds. This led to the construction of new facilities and the renovation of existing campus buildings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOver the years, the University of Richmond has been characterized by its rolling terrain, commodious open space and lush tree canopy. This landscape was the primary determinant in the initial master plan organization and has continued to dictate the development patterns as growth has occurred. This methodology has been continuously embraced by those in leadership positions within the University and has clearly elevated the University of Richmond to a top position nationally in the aesthetic quality of its setting. In 1999, the University of Richmond was recognized by the Princeton Review as the most beautiful campus in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eUniversity history quoted from \u003ca href=\"https://facilities.richmond.edu/about-us/architectural/historical-traditions.html\"\u003eUR's Architectural Services website\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The University of Richmond traces its roots to 1830 at a private academy called Dunlora, which was operated by the Reverend Edward Baptist under the sponsorship of the Virginia Baptist Education Society. In 1832, the Virginia Baptist Seminary was formed with the Reverend Robert Ryland as principal and the only teacher. The seminary was located on a farm called Spring Farm near the present-day Bryan Park. In 1834, the seminary was moved to what was then a western suburb of Richmond, one-half mile from the city limits. The seminary, located near the present intersection of Grace and Lombardy Streets, and the school remained at this site for eighty years. In 1840, Richmond College was chartered as a liberal arts and sciences college for men by the Virginia General Assembly.","Two other events provided significant impact in shaping the existing physical campus: the move to the present campus and the establishment of the co-ordinate system. The origins of the present campus date to 1910, when the Richmond College Board of Trustees purchased approximately 290 acres including Westhampton Lake. Ben Green's old mill pond, now known as Westhampton Lake, stretched 1,326 feet in length and divided the property into two parts. The lake covered approximately fourteen acres and predated the Civil War. Classes at Richmond College started in September, 1914. Westhampton College, a college of liberal arts and sciences for women, was also established in 1914 on the same property. George White McDaniel, chairman of the Board of Trustees committee to secure the deed to the property, noted that the property was, \"sufficiently large for all future purposes\" of the institution. The property was outside the City of Richmond in Henrico County. Twenty-six years later, Richmond College was once again within city limits as the City of Richmond annexed a considerable portion of Henrico County.","President Frederic William Boatwright (1895–1946 term of office) envisioned a \"Collegiate Gothic\" style of architecture for the new University campus. In 1910, the architectural firm of Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson was commissioned by the Board of Trustees to draft plans for the future College. Ralph Adams Cram, eminent institutional architect, was responsible for establishing the enduring style on the University of Richmond campus. The Board of Trustees also engaged the service of a landscape architect Warren H. Manning, a former apprentice to Frederick Law Olmstead. Manning was responsible for designing and locating roads, supervising the cutting and planting of trees, locating walkways, and landscaping the terrain so that it would drain appropriately. President Boatwright worked with Cram and Manning to formulate a master plan which considered fifty years of growth for the institution on its present site. The master plan included provision for a college of medicine, a law school building, an observatory, a school of business administration, an engineering school, a gymnasium and swimming pool, a major library and homes for professors.","Construction of new buildings designed by Cram, Goodhue and Ferguson began in 1911. The first building constructed on the new site was Ryland Hall, now the Humanities Building, which housed administrative offices, lecture rooms, the art hall, meeting space and a library with 40,000 volumes. It was followed by North Court. Two residence halls for men were also constructed: Residence Hall No. 2 (formerly Thomas Hall) and Residence Hall No. 1 (formerly Jeter Hall). Cram is credited with remarking that the collegiate Gothic style symbolizes \"eternal values\" and \"exalted ideals of education and religion.\" Cram also boasted that there \"wasn't another site in the whole United States as suitable for a college, except for the site at West Point.\"","During World War II, the University of Richmond supported the national effort to conserve food by establishing victory gardens on campus. In the spring of 1943, an area on the Westhampton campus near River Road was cultivated with plots assigned to faculty who wished to make a garden. The University of Richmond expanded over time as the following schools of study were established:","1870 - The T.C. Williams School of Law\n1921 - The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences\n1949 - The E. Claiborne Robins School of Business\n1962 - University College (The School of Continuing Studies)\n1976 - The Richard S. Reynolds Graduate School of Business\n1992 - The Jepson School of Leadership Studies","Perhaps, the most significant event in the recent history of the University occurred in 1969, when alumnus E. Claiborne Robins gave the University a gift valued at $50 million. The University moved forward to raise a matching amount of funds. This led to the construction of new facilities and the renovation of existing campus buildings.","Over the years, the University of Richmond has been characterized by its rolling terrain, commodious open space and lush tree canopy. This landscape was the primary determinant in the initial master plan organization and has continued to dictate the development patterns as growth has occurred. This methodology has been continuously embraced by those in leadership positions within the University and has clearly elevated the University of Richmond to a top position nationally in the aesthetic quality of its setting. In 1999, the University of Richmond was recognized by the Princeton Review as the most beautiful campus in the United States.","University history quoted from UR's Architectural Services website."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-25, UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-25, UR's 175th Anniversary Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Betty Dickie.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Betty Dickie."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes research on University history, presidents, alumni, and buildings. It also includes the marketing materials and the steps that went into producing them; photographs from Dementi; VHS tapes of the Gala Celebration, President Ayers inauguration, and more; historical information about Boatwright Library. The collection includes all of the working notes and steps in the putting together of the various events for the anniversary celebrating 175 years.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes research on University history, presidents, alumni, and buildings. It also includes the marketing materials and the steps that went into producing them; photographs from Dementi; VHS tapes of the Gala Celebration, President Ayers inauguration, and more; historical information about Boatwright Library. The collection includes all of the working notes and steps in the putting together of the various events for the anniversary celebrating 175 years."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_MS-25\"\u003eThis collection contains materials, notes, samples, photos, videos, and more, pertaining to the celebration of University of Richmond's 175th Anniversary.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials, notes, samples, photos, videos, and more, pertaining to the celebration of University of Richmond's 175th Anniversary."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"persname_ssim":["Monday, Kathy"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Monday, Kathy"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":194,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_16_c01_c71"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies, 1961/2015","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01","parent_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_27","viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies","title_ssm":["Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies"],"title_tesim":["Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies, 1961/2015"],"text":["Jackson, MS jailtime notes and copies, 1961/2015","Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963","box 1 MS-24","folder 3"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, 1961/1963"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/2015"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961 \u0026 2015"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":4,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"containers_ssim":["box 1 MS-24","folder 3"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_27","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_27.xml","title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2016"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1953/2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"text":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016","MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27","Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)","Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets","The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.","Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.","Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.","Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.","Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"","This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker collection, 1953/2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-24","/repositories/4/resources/27"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"places_ssim":["Petersburg (Va.)","Richmond (Va.)","Jackson (Miss.)","New York (N.Y.)","Birmingham (Ala.)"],"creator_ssm":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"creators_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987","University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Material was donated to the university by Dr. Walker, his wife, and their family."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights","Civil rights movements","Civil rights demonstrations","Civil rights workers","State action (Civil rights)","African American civil rights workers","Women civil rights workers","African American women civil rights workers","Civil rights -- America","Civil rights -- Religious aspects","Black people -- Civil rights","Civil rights -- Africa","African American churches","Nonbook Materials","Finance","Project management","Church management","Campaign management","Management","Scholarships","Voter registration","Freedom Rides, 1961","Boycotts","Segregation","Racism","Race relations","Social justice","Christianity and justice","Actions and defenses","Libel and slander","Discrimination in employment","Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["50 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["50 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["This is an approximate estimate while we wait for the final deposit and complete processing."],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts","Photographs","Audio-visual materials","Clippings","Personal correspondence","Invoices","Periodicals","Pamphlets"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of this collection is closed pending processing. Portions of four series are currently open to research, encompassing manuscript material dated through 1964."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterial is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003cemph\u003eSeries 1:\u003c/emph\u003e Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.1: Sermons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 3.3: Administrative records\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003eThe series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial is organized into seven subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"upperalpha\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.1: Administrative, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e Subseries 4.4: Programs, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work, \u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations,\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Material is arranged into multiple series, with three series currently open for research.","Series 1: Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker\n      Series 2: Biographical: Wyatt Tee Walker\n      Subseries 2.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 2.3: Civil Rights and Religious Work\n      Series 3: Gillfield Baptist Church\n      Subseries 3.1: Sermons\n      Subseries 3.2: Programs and ephemera\n      Subseries 3.3: Administrative records\n      Series 4: Southern Christian Leadership Conference\n      Subseries 4.1: Administrative\n      Subseries 4.2: Correspondence\n      Subseries 4.3: Publications\n      Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns\n      Subseries 4.5: Legal work\n      Subseries 4.6: Related organizations\n      Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","The series currently includes three subseries: Subseries 2.1, Childhood and Education, 2.2 Correspondence, and Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work.","Material is organized into seven subseries:","Subseries 4.1: Administrative, Subseries 4.2: Correspondence,Subseries 4.3: Publications,  Subseries 4.4: Programs, Subseries 4.5: Legal work, Subseries 4.6: Related organizations,Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker was born August 16, 1928 in Brockton, Massachusetts. Raised primarily in Merchantville, New Jersey, Walker attended Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, earning bachelor's degrees in chemistry and physics before attending VUU's seminary school for his Masters of Divinity. During his time at VUU, he married his wife, Theresa Ann Walker née Edwards, who would remain an active partner at his side throughout his life. While in seminary, Walker was the head of the university's Inter-Seminary Movement, where he first met Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Walker and King would remain friends until King's assassination in 1968.","After graduating from seminary, Walker was called in 1953 to serve as the pastor of the historic Gillfield Baptist Church in Petersburg, Virginia, serving until 1960. During this time he founded the Petersburg Improvement Association, served as president for the local National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) chapter, and co-founded and served as state director for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). He also actively worked to integrate the city of Petersburg, successfully desegregating the Petersburg Public Library, lunch counters, and bus stops in the city.","In 1960, Walker was recruited to serve as the first full-time executive director and chief strategist of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), Dr. King's civil rights organization. He served in this role until 1964, overseeing the organization of several notable events in the Civil Rights Movement, including Project \"C\", SCLC's involvement in the Birmingham campaign, and the 1964 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. In 1961, Walker and his wife were arrested as Freedom Riders in Jackson, Mississippi. Mrs. Walker also survived a hotel bombing with their children and multiple other arrests for her role in the Civil Rights Movement.","After leaving SCLC in 1964, Walker worked with the Negro Heritage Library, an organization focused on getting Black literature into the public education system. In 1968 Dr. Walker was called to serve as senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in Harlem, New York, where he served for 37 years. He was installed as pastor in late March by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who gave his final sermon in New York City at the installation service before his assassination a few weeks later. Walker then organized King's funeral in New York City at the express request of Coretta Scott King, an event he would later call \"the crowning achievement of my organizational career.\" He would prove to be a productive pastor for Canaan, at one point receiving a million dollars annually in tithes, expanding the church building, and leading multiple church trips to the Holy Land and other international destinations including Japan.","During his time at Canaan, Walker continued his civil rights work, expanding his scope to international civil rights, serving on the board of Al Sharpton's National Action Network and a number of other organizations. A vocal supporter of anti-apartheid, Walker visited South Africa several times, serving as an election monitor in Souther Africa's first open election and becoming close friends with Nelson Mandela, who would visit Canaan Baptist Church as one of his first stops on his first presidential visit to the United States. Walker also worked with Governor Nelson Rockefeller as a special assistant on urban affairs. When national banks pulled out of Harlem, Walker opened Freedom National Bank to serve the Black community. He also developed a number of public housing projects, at one time acting as the largest single public housing developer in New York. Frustrated with the failures of the public education system, Walker worked to help pass the New York State charter school law and co-found the first charter school in the state, the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem.","In his down time, Walker enjoyed sailing, belonging to a local yacht club in Yonkers, New York, and photography. After receiving a doctorate in ethnomusicology from Colgate-Rochester Divinity School, he went on to teach seminary classes at Virginia Union University and United Theological Seminary in Dayton, Ohio.","Walker retired from Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in 2004 after a series of strokes, moving to Chester, Virginia. In 2015 he and Mrs. Walker donated the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection to the University of Richmond, recording an oral history with the university in 2016. He remained in Virginia with his wife until his death at the age of 89 on January 23, 2018."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-24, the Dr. and Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAlthough portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Taylor McNeilly and Andrea Kohashi.","Although portions of it are publicly available, this series is still in progress, and it is likely that Subseries 2.3 will expand rapidly with the addition of Walker's extensive writings.","Subseries 2.3 is likely to expand in the future with the addition of Walker's extensive writings on Civil Rights."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.\u003c/p\u003e\nCurrently, portions of Series 1 through 4 are available to research, encompassing all manuscript material through Dr. Walker's departure from SCLC in 1964. More material will be opened for research as processing work continues.  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 1963 version of the musical \u003ctitle\u003eJerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics include Thanksgiving, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in this collection include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. Walker, audio recordings of church services he led primarily at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, photographs and slides taken by Dr. Walker and his family, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, Dr. Walker's personal library, Dr. Walker's published books, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. Walker and his wife.","Series 1, Biographical: Theresa Ann Walker, currently includes notes on arrests, and arrest records.","This series contains material related to Dr. Walker's personal and professional activities outside of Gillfield, Canaan, and the SCLC.","Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, includes personal correspondence from or to Dr. and Mrs. Walker.","This folder contains a 1963 version of the musical Jerico-Jim-Crow-Jerico.","Subseries 2.3, Civil Rights and Religious work, includes material pertaining to Walker's religious and civil rights activities not connected to Gillfield Baptist Church, Canaan Baptist Church of Christ, or the SCLC. It includes material concerning his efforts to integrate the Petersburg, VA library, and service programs from other churches like the Mount Level Baptist Church.","Series 3, Gillfield Baptist Church, includes material pertaining to Dr. Walker's work as pastor there like sermons, service programs, and meeting minutes.","Subseries 3.1, Sermons, contains notes and sermons from Walker's tenure at Gillfield Baptist Church. The material is organized as we received it, some topically and some chronologically. Often the service program is included with the sermon script or outline.","Topics include Thanksgiving, etc.","Series 3.2, Programs and ephemera, consists of programs and other items from Gillfield Baptist Church. These materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 3.3, Administrative, has financial and correspondence records from Walker's time at Gillfield, including from his installation as pastor in 1953.","Series 4, Southern Christian Leadership Conference contains all material from Dr. Walker's time as executive director of SCLC, including programs, notes, administrative and legal documents, campaign materials and correspondence.","Subseries 4.1, Administrative, includes administrative records from Walker's time at SCLC, comprised of meeting minutes, reports, internal memos, and other financial documentation.","Subseries 4.2: Correspondence, includes general correspondence from SCLC, as well as specific correspondence dealing with the Birmingham campaign. Materials are organized chronolgocially.","Subseries 4.3: Publications includes official material published by SCLC, such as advertisements, press releases, pamhplets, and more.","Subseries 4.4: Programs and campaigns includes notes and promotional material related to specific programs or campaigns run by SCLC during Walker's time with the organization.","Subseries 4.5: Legal work includes records of legal action taken by SCLC. The materials are organized chronologically.","Subseries 4.6: Related organizations includes materials from other (mainly legal and civil rights) organizations that Walker and SCLC worked with.","Subseries 4.7: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. includes speeches, notes, writings, correspondence, and other printed material directly relating to Dr. King in his work with Walker at SCLC."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026amp; Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\"\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Dr. Walker's personal library has been separated from the collection and is housed within the Galvin Rare Book Room. These items can be found in our online catalog by searching \"Dr. \u0026 Mrs. Wyatt Tee Walker Collection.\""],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_99a2c806065b9d964d30006dd304b175\"\u003eThis collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes material related to and collected by the Reverend Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker and his wife, Theresa Ann Edwards Walkers. Materials include personal papers and administrative files of Dr. and Mrs. Walker, audio recordings of Dr. Walker's church services, honors and awards given to Dr. and Mrs. Walker, photographs and slides taken by or depicting Dr. Walker, Dr. Walker's published works and unpublished manuscripts, and other memorabilia and ephemera. Also included is an oral history performed with Dr. and Mrs. Walker."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964"],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Christian Leadership Conference","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Southern Christian Leadership Conference","Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (U.S.)","National Lawyers Guild. Committee to Assist Southern Lawyers","Congress of Racial Equality","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Southern Conference Educational Fund","Highlander Research and Education Center (Knoxville, Tenn.)","Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity","Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights","National Catholic Conference for Interracial Justice","United States Commission on Civil Rights","Leadership Conference on Civil Rights","United States. Civil Rights Act of 1964","Walker, Wyatt Tee","Walker, Theresa Ann","Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967","King, Martin Luther, Jr., 1929-1968","Lewis, John, 1940-2020","Abernathy, Ralph, 1926-1990","Shuttlesworth, Fred L., 1922-2011","Jackson, Mahalia, 1911-1972","Barnett, Ross R. (Ross Robert), 1898-1987"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":190,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_27_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_4.xml","title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"text":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4","Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations","David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024.","The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.","O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf","James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama.","File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.","The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972.","This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"creators_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The James Rachels Papers were donated to the University of Richmond by James Rachels's son, David Rachels, in July 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eDavid Rachels\u003c/persname\u003e sent a set of small additions to the collection in \u003cdate\u003eMay 2024\u003c/date\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in four series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 4: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eO'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013.\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\"\u003e http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\"\u003ehttp://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on \u003cdate\u003eMay 30, 1941\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eColumbus, Georgia\u003c/geogname\u003e where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from \u003ccorpname\u003eMercer University\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e and a Ph.D. from the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Ph.D., \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e taught at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e from \u003cdate\u003e1966\u003c/date\u003e until \u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e. He subsequently taught at \u003ccorpname\u003eNew York University\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1968-1972\u003c/date\u003e), the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Miami\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1972-1977\u003c/date\u003e), and \u003ccorpname\u003eDuke University\u003c/corpname\u003e (1975) before coming to the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham\u003c/corpname\u003e where he taught from \u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e until his death in \u003cdate\u003e2003\u003c/date\u003e. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the \u003coccupation\u003eChair of the Department of Philosophy\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1977-1979, \u003coccupation\u003eDean of the School of Humanities\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e, he edited his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e, in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. In its sixth edition (2010), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew England Journal of Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e, was published in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in \u003cdate\u003e1990\u003c/date\u003e with similar widespread recognition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust before his death, Rachels held the \u003ccorpname\u003eNational Endowment for the Humanities\u003c/corpname\u003e' \u003coccupation\u003eDistinguished Visiting Professorship\u003c/occupation\u003e from 2001-2002 at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels died \u003cdate\u003eSeptember 5, 2003\u003c/date\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eBirmingham, Alabama\u003c/geogname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFile description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCan Ethics Provide Answers?\u003c/title\u003e Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield, 1997. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James, ed. \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1975.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. \u003ctitle\u003ePhilosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1972.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAny quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"language_ssim":["The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_4.xml","title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"text":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4","Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations","David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024.","The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.","O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf","James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama.","File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.","The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972.","This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"creators_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The James Rachels Papers were donated to the University of Richmond by James Rachels's son, David Rachels, in July 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eDavid Rachels\u003c/persname\u003e sent a set of small additions to the collection in \u003cdate\u003eMay 2024\u003c/date\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in four series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 4: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eO'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013.\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\"\u003e http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\"\u003ehttp://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on \u003cdate\u003eMay 30, 1941\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eColumbus, Georgia\u003c/geogname\u003e where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from \u003ccorpname\u003eMercer University\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e and a Ph.D. from the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Ph.D., \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e taught at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e from \u003cdate\u003e1966\u003c/date\u003e until \u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e. He subsequently taught at \u003ccorpname\u003eNew York University\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1968-1972\u003c/date\u003e), the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Miami\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1972-1977\u003c/date\u003e), and \u003ccorpname\u003eDuke University\u003c/corpname\u003e (1975) before coming to the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham\u003c/corpname\u003e where he taught from \u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e until his death in \u003cdate\u003e2003\u003c/date\u003e. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the \u003coccupation\u003eChair of the Department of Philosophy\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1977-1979, \u003coccupation\u003eDean of the School of Humanities\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e, he edited his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e, in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. In its sixth edition (2010), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew England Journal of Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e, was published in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in \u003cdate\u003e1990\u003c/date\u003e with similar widespread recognition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust before his death, Rachels held the \u003ccorpname\u003eNational Endowment for the Humanities\u003c/corpname\u003e' \u003coccupation\u003eDistinguished Visiting Professorship\u003c/occupation\u003e from 2001-2002 at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels died \u003cdate\u003eSeptember 5, 2003\u003c/date\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eBirmingham, Alabama\u003c/geogname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFile description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCan Ethics Provide Answers?\u003c/title\u003e Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield, 1997. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James, ed. \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1975.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. \u003ctitle\u003ePhilosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1972.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAny quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"names_coll_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"language_ssim":["The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":58,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Manuscripts, 1964/2002","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. 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Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4_c02","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","parent_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_4"],"title_filing_ssi":"Manuscripts","title_ssm":["Manuscripts"],"title_tesim":["Manuscripts"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Manuscripts, 1964/2002"],"text":["Manuscripts, 1964/2002","James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","Rachels","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-2002 and undated"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":23,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":31,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"names_ssim":["Rachels"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:40:51.481Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_4","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_4.xml","title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers"],"title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964 - 2002 and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/2002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"text":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002","MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4","Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations","David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024.","The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.","O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf","James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama.","File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.","The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972.","This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels","Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","The collection is predominantly in English with translated works in Italian and French."],"collection_title_tesim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"collection_ssim":["James Rachels Papers, 1964/2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-12","/repositories/4/resources/4"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Rachels"],"creators_ssim":["Rachels, James Webster, Jr., 1941-2003","David Rachels","University of Richmond","Mercer University","University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","New York University","University of Miami","Duke University","University of Alabama at Birmingham","National Endowment for the Humanities","Rachels"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The James Rachels Papers were donated to the University of Richmond by James Rachels's son, David Rachels, in July 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Ethics","Philosophy","Philosophers","Ethicists","Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Book reviews","Manuscripts","Translations"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cpersname\u003eDavid Rachels\u003c/persname\u003e sent a set of small additions to the collection in \u003cdate\u003eMay 2024\u003c/date\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["David Rachels sent a set of small additions to the collection in May 2024."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in four series:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 4: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in four series:\n\nSeries 1: Correspondence\nSeries 2: Manuscripts\nSeries 3: Book Reviews\nSeries 4: Personal\n\nWithin each series, files have been arranged alphabetically by personal name, subject, or title. Items within files have been arranged chronologically while undated items have been kept in their original order."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eO'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013.\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\"\u003e http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eJames Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\"\u003ehttp://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["O'Connor, Anahad. \"James Rachels, 62, Ethicist Who Ignited Euthanasia Debate, Dies.\" The New York Times, September 9, 2003. Accessed September 20, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/09/obituaries/09RACH.html","James Rachels Official Website. \"James Rachels Curriculum Vitae.\" Accessed September 9, 2013. http://www.jamesrachels.org/JamesRachelsCV.pdf"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on \u003cdate\u003eMay 30, 1941\u003c/date\u003e, in \u003cgeogname\u003eColumbus, Georgia\u003c/geogname\u003e where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from \u003ccorpname\u003eMercer University\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e and a Ph.D. from the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cdate\u003e1967\u003c/date\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Ph.D., \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e taught at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e from \u003cdate\u003e1966\u003c/date\u003e until \u003cdate\u003e1968\u003c/date\u003e. He subsequently taught at \u003ccorpname\u003eNew York University\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1968-1972\u003c/date\u003e), the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Miami\u003c/corpname\u003e (\u003cdate\u003e1972-1977\u003c/date\u003e), and \u003ccorpname\u003eDuke University\u003c/corpname\u003e (1975) before coming to the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham\u003c/corpname\u003e where he taught from \u003cdate\u003e1977\u003c/date\u003e until his death in \u003cdate\u003e2003\u003c/date\u003e. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the \u003coccupation\u003eChair of the Department of Philosophy\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1977-1979, \u003coccupation\u003eDean of the School of Humanities\u003c/occupation\u003e from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e, he edited his first book, \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e, in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. In its sixth edition (2010), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew England Journal of Medicine\u003c/emph\u003e.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e, was published in \u003cdate\u003e1986\u003c/date\u003e. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in \u003cdate\u003e1990\u003c/date\u003e with similar widespread recognition. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJust before his death, Rachels held the \u003ccorpname\u003eNational Endowment for the Humanities\u003c/corpname\u003e' \u003coccupation\u003eDistinguished Visiting Professorship\u003c/occupation\u003e from 2001-2002 at the \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Richmond\u003c/corpname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachels died \u003cdate\u003eSeptember 5, 2003\u003c/date\u003e in \u003cgeogname\u003eBirmingham, Alabama\u003c/geogname\u003e.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Webster Rachels, Jr. (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher best known for his works on medical ethics (particularly euthanasia) as well as animal rights. He was born on May 30, 1941, in Columbus, Georgia where he also grew up. Rachels received a bachelor's degree from Mercer University in 1962 and a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1967.","After receiving his Ph.D., Rachels taught at the University of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia from 1966 until 1968. He subsequently taught at New York University (1968-1972), the University of Miami (1972-1977), and Duke University (1975) before coming to the University of Alabama at Birmingham where he taught from 1977 until his death in 2003. At the University of Alabama, Rachels served as the Chair of the Department of Philosophy from 1977-1979, Dean of the School of Humanities from 1978-1983, and acting Academic Vice President in 1983.","In 1971, he edited his first book, Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays, which had great success as a college philosophy textbook. He wrote a second textbook, The Elements of Moral Philosophy, in 1986. In its sixth edition (2010), The Elements of Moral Philosophy continues to be widely used as a college philosophy textbook.","Rachels' highly influential article, \"Active and Passive Euthanasia,\" was published in 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine.  This work solidified his role as an important medical ethicist in the debate concerning euthanasia. His second book, The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality, was published in 1986. It was widely reviewed and debated in both popular newspapers and scholarly journals. Rachels' third book, Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism, on animal rights (particularly concerning the use of animals in experiments) was published in 1990 with similar widespread recognition.","Just before his death, Rachels held the National Endowment for the Humanities' Distinguished Visiting Professorship from 2001-2002 at the University of Richmond.","Rachels died September 5, 2003 in Birmingham, Alabama."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-12, James Rachels Papers, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFile description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["File description titles reflect their original labels. Dated documents have been arranged chronologically while original order has been retained for undated correspondence and manuscripts. Additions accrued in 2024 were added to the collection during Summer 2025.","Processed by Erica L. Johnson, an intern, in September 2013; additions processed by Lynda Kachurek, Summer 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCan Ethics Provide Answers?\u003c/title\u003e Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026amp; Littlefield, 1997. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eCreated From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Elements of Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James. \u003ctitle\u003eThe Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. \u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James, ed. \u003ctitle\u003eMoral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1975.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. \u003ctitle\u003ePhilosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1972.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books written or edited by James Rachels are located in the circulating collection at the University of Richmond's Boatwright Memorial Library:\n\nRachels, James. Can Ethics Provide Answers? Lanham, Md.: Rowman \u0026 Littlefield, 1997.  \nRachels, James. Created From Animals: The Moral Implications of Darwinism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.\nRachels, James. The Elements of Moral Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.\nRachels, James. The End of Life: Euthanasia and Morality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.\nRachels, James. The Legacy of Socrates: Essays in Moral Philosophy. Edited by Stuart Rachels. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.  \nRachels, James, ed. Moral Problems: A Collection of Philosophical Essays. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1975.\nRachels, James and Frank A. Tillman, eds. Philosophical Issues: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Harper \u0026 Row, 1972."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence contains material from \u003cdate\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e to \u003cdate\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' \u003cdate\u003e1975\u003c/date\u003e article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of \u003cgenreform\u003ecorrespondence\u003c/genreform\u003e from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding \u003cgenreform\u003etranslations\u003c/genreform\u003e of his works. This series also contains \u003cgenreform\u003emanuscripts\u003c/genreform\u003e sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include \u003cgenreform\u003escholarly articles\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook chapters\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003eschool papers\u003c/genreform\u003e, \u003cgenreform\u003ebook reviews\u003c/genreform\u003e by \u003cfamname\u003eRachels\u003c/famname\u003e, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and \u003cgenreform\u003eprint proofs\u003c/genreform\u003e present. Some handwritten \u003cgenreform\u003eresearch notes\u003c/genreform\u003e made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional life of James Rachels. Rachels wrote and edited a vast amount of books and articles during his career, which is reflected in this collection.","James Rachels (1941-2003) was an influential American philosopher and ethicist best known for his works on medical ethics and animal rights. The James Rachels Papers contains materials documenting his professional life. It includes correspondence, manuscripts, and collected reviews of his most notable books.","Series 1: Correspondence contains material from 1971 to 1997. It consists largely of correspondence from other scholars to Rachels regarding manuscripts and mutual research subjects such as euthanasia and animal rights. There is a significant amount of correspondence from numerous scholars regarding Rachels' 1975 article \"Active and Passive Euthanasia.\" A large amount of correspondence from book and journal editors regarding the publishing of Rachels' work is also present. A smaller amount of correspondence exists regarding translations of his works. This series also contains manuscripts sent to Rachels for review from other scholars.","Series 2: Manuscripts contains material from 1962 to 2002, although a large amount is undated. Manuscripts include scholarly articles, book chapters, school papers, book reviews by Rachels, and unpublished works on a variety of subjects. Many manuscripts reflect the editing and publishing process with corrections and print proofs present. Some handwritten research notes made by Rachels are also found within this series. Multiple topics are covered, including animal rights, euthanasia, the death penalty, religion, and morality. This series also contains some correspondence generally regarding the editing and publishing of manuscripts as well as related research. Translations of Rachels' work are also included in this series.","Series 3: Book Reviews contains reviews of his books from both scholarly and popular sources published between 1986 and 1993 with some undated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAny quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. It may only be used under the intent with which it was written, as explained by the family, and not as a portrayal of James Rachels' views or opinions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. Usage of material in Box 1 File 28 is restricted and cannot be used outside of the context provided by the family. Please refer to the note found in the file for further information.","Any quotation, citation, paraphrasing, or other use of this article is restricted by the family. 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