{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=10","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=9","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=11","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026page=314"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":10,"next_page":11,"prev_page":9,"total_pages":314,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":90,"total_count":3131,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Biographical Sketches","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_193","vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_193","vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers","Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes","Box 01"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers","Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes","Box 01"],"text":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers","Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes","Box 01","Folder 02: Biographical Sketches","box 01","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Biographical Sketches","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Biographical Sketches"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Biographical Sketches"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1965, 1990-2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Biographical Sketches"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":4,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"containers_ssim":["box 01","folder 02"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Biographical Sketches, 1965, 1990, 2005, Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 1, Folder 2, Biographical Sketches, 1965, 1990, 2005, Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:50:31.898Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_193","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_193.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/193","title_filing_ssi":"Rhodes, Carolyn","title_ssm":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"title_tesim":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-2019, undated","Date acquired: 10/30/2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-2019, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 10/30/2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 17-28B1","/repositories/3/resources/193"],"text":["RG 17-28B1","/repositories/3/resources/193","Carolyn Rhodes Papers","Open to researchers without restrictions.","An addition to the collection was received on 10/22/2004.","The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes; Series II: Women's Caucus; Series III: Women's Studies; Series IV: Other Courses; Series V: Speeches; Series VI: Publications; Series VII: Correspondence; Series VIII: Title IX; Series IX:: Multimedia; Series XI: Awards; and Series Xi: Miscellaneous Women's Events.","Dr. Carolyn H. Rhodes was born Carolyn Hodgson on May 16, 1925 in Birmingham, Alabama. Her parents were Lester Rhodes Hodgson and Dolly Griffin Hodgson. Dr. Rhodes has Bachelor of Arts degrees in Psychology and English from the University of Alabama, a Master of Arts degree in Psychology from Columbia University and a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky. She earned her Ph.D. in English in 1965 from the University of Kentucky. While in college, Dr. Rhodes administered psychometric tests for the Veterans Administration in Lexington, Kentucky and worked as an Editorial Assistant for Railway Age Magazine. She was a Haggin teaching fellow for nine semesters, from 1957-1963, and an instructor of English Language Orientation for Indonesian students from 1964-1965.","Dr. Rhodes moved to Virginia and began as an Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University (then Old Dominion College) in 1965. She became an Associate Professor in 1969 and a Professor of English in 1978. During her tenure at Old Dominion University, Dr. Rhodes worked as the Principle Investigator for the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Pilot Grant in Women's Studies. The grant, which ran from May 1977 to August 1978, helped establish the Women's Studies program at ODU, the first of its kind in Virginia. Dr. Rhodes was also a co-founder of the Friends of Women's Studies organization, established in 1985 to provide monetary support to keep Women's Studies alive. From September 1982 to July 1983, Dr. Rhodes was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Literature at Babes-Bolyai University in Romania. She received a second Fulbright to lecturer in American Literature at Peking University in Bejing, from September 1986 to August 1987","Dr. Rhodes passed away in March of 2019 and had two children, Richard (b. 1949) and Babette (b. 1951).","Chronology","Date of Birth: May 16, 1925","Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, University of Alabama: 1945","Bachelor of Arts in English, University of Alabama: 1945","Master of Arts in Psychology, Columbia University: 1947","Master of Arts in English, University of Kentucky: 1959","Doctorate in English, University of Kentucky: 1965","Assistant Professor, Old Dominion University: 1965","Associate Professor, Old Dominion University: 1969","Principle Investigator, NEH Pilot Grant, Women's Studies: 1977-1978","Professor of English, Old Dominion University: 1978","Fulbright Lecturer, Romania: 1982-1983","Co-founder, Friends of Women's Studies: 1985","Fulbright Lecturer, Bejing: 1986-1987","Date of Death: March 24, 2019","Note written by Kelly C. Barbour","The collection was processed and finding aid created by Kelly C. Barbour in April 2006.","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 1","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 2","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 3","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6","The collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. 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Rhodes was born Carolyn Hodgson on May 16, 1925 in Birmingham, Alabama. Her parents were Lester Rhodes Hodgson and Dolly Griffin Hodgson. Dr. Rhodes has Bachelor of Arts degrees in Psychology and English from the University of Alabama, a Master of Arts degree in Psychology from Columbia University and a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky. She earned her Ph.D. in English in 1965 from the University of Kentucky. While in college, Dr. Rhodes administered psychometric tests for the Veterans Administration in Lexington, Kentucky and worked as an Editorial Assistant for Railway Age Magazine. She was a Haggin teaching fellow for nine semesters, from 1957-1963, and an instructor of English Language Orientation for Indonesian students from 1964-1965.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Rhodes moved to Virginia and began as an Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University (then Old Dominion College) in 1965. She became an Associate Professor in 1969 and a Professor of English in 1978. During her tenure at Old Dominion University, Dr. Rhodes worked as the Principle Investigator for the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Pilot Grant in Women's Studies. The grant, which ran from May 1977 to August 1978, helped establish the Women's Studies program at ODU, the first of its kind in Virginia. Dr. Rhodes was also a co-founder of the Friends of Women's Studies organization, established in 1985 to provide monetary support to keep Women's Studies alive. From September 1982 to July 1983, Dr. Rhodes was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Literature at Babes-Bolyai University in Romania. She received a second Fulbright to lecturer in American Literature at Peking University in Bejing, from September 1986 to August 1987\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Rhodes passed away in March of 2019 and had two children, Richard (b. 1949) and Babette (b. 1951).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChronology\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate of Birth: May 16, 1925\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts in Psychology, University of Alabama: 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts in English, University of Alabama: 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts in Psychology, Columbia University: 1947\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts in English, University of Kentucky: 1959\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctorate in English, University of Kentucky: 1965\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAssistant Professor, Old Dominion University: 1965\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAssociate Professor, Old Dominion University: 1969\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinciple Investigator, NEH Pilot Grant, Women's Studies: 1977-1978\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProfessor of English, Old Dominion University: 1978\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFulbright Lecturer, Romania: 1982-1983\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCo-founder, Friends of Women's Studies: 1985\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFulbright Lecturer, Bejing: 1986-1987\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate of Death: March 24, 2019\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kelly C. 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Barbour"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;f2fe1203-423b-4262-b7c1-97daada2235d\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|f2fe1203-423b-4262-b7c1-97daada2235d/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and finding aid created by Kelly C. 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Rhodes, Part 3\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/682/rec/64\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/685/rec/65\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/678/rec/63\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 1","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 2","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 3","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. Oral Histories of Dr. Rhodes' time at Old Dominion University can be found in the ODU Libraries Digital Collection's \u003cextref href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Rhodes%2C%20Carolyn%20H./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOral Histories in Perry Library\u003c/extref\u003e collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. Oral Histories of Dr. Rhodes' time at Old Dominion University can be found in the ODU Libraries Digital Collection's  Oral Histories in Perry Library  collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3e2e2586be1bd430be6a152ee5d4eac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDr. Rhodes was an English and Women's Studies professor at Old Dominion University. 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Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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Committee","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 27"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 27"],"text":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 27","Folder 02: Community Oversight Committee","box 27","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Community Oversight Committee","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Community Oversight Committee"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Community Oversight Committee"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Community Oversight Committee"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":360,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers 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12/14/2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"text":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187","Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series 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The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.","From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.","The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.","This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. 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The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc312911e0755655711aff73f46b1cbc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation."],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":425,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c06_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Events: David Frye","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series F: Print Photographs","Box 062"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series F: Print Photographs","Box 062"],"text":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Series I: Photographs","Sub-Series F: Print Photographs","Box 062","Folder 02: Events: David Frye","box 062","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Events: David Frye","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Events: David Frye"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Events: David Frye"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1980-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Events: David Frye"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1362,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 062","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|9df70da4-91f5-429d-ad6b-170c96712687/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 62, Folder 2, Events: David Frye, circa 1980-1989, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 62, Folder 2, Events: David Frye, circa 1980-1989, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University 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00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9561b508ff45f5e397a42232e1312422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c06_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Events: Phonation","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_3_resources_237","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06","vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Old Dominion 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00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. 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Series II: Women's Caucus; Series III: Women's Studies; Series IV: Other Courses; Series V: Speeches; Series VI: Publications; Series VII: Correspondence; Series VIII: Title IX; Series IX:: Multimedia; Series XI: Awards; and Series Xi: Miscellaneous Women's Events.","Dr. Carolyn H. Rhodes was born Carolyn Hodgson on May 16, 1925 in Birmingham, Alabama. Her parents were Lester Rhodes Hodgson and Dolly Griffin Hodgson. Dr. Rhodes has Bachelor of Arts degrees in Psychology and English from the University of Alabama, a Master of Arts degree in Psychology from Columbia University and a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky. She earned her Ph.D. in English in 1965 from the University of Kentucky. While in college, Dr. Rhodes administered psychometric tests for the Veterans Administration in Lexington, Kentucky and worked as an Editorial Assistant for Railway Age Magazine. She was a Haggin teaching fellow for nine semesters, from 1957-1963, and an instructor of English Language Orientation for Indonesian students from 1964-1965.","Dr. Rhodes moved to Virginia and began as an Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University (then Old Dominion College) in 1965. She became an Associate Professor in 1969 and a Professor of English in 1978. During her tenure at Old Dominion University, Dr. Rhodes worked as the Principle Investigator for the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Pilot Grant in Women's Studies. The grant, which ran from May 1977 to August 1978, helped establish the Women's Studies program at ODU, the first of its kind in Virginia. Dr. Rhodes was also a co-founder of the Friends of Women's Studies organization, established in 1985 to provide monetary support to keep Women's Studies alive. From September 1982 to July 1983, Dr. Rhodes was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Literature at Babes-Bolyai University in Romania. She received a second Fulbright to lecturer in American Literature at Peking University in Bejing, from September 1986 to August 1987","Dr. Rhodes passed away in March of 2019 and had two children, Richard (b. 1949) and Babette (b. 1951).","Chronology","Date of Birth: May 16, 1925","Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, University of Alabama: 1945","Bachelor of Arts in English, University of Alabama: 1945","Master of Arts in Psychology, Columbia University: 1947","Master of Arts in English, University of Kentucky: 1959","Doctorate in English, University of Kentucky: 1965","Assistant Professor, Old Dominion University: 1965","Associate Professor, Old Dominion University: 1969","Principle Investigator, NEH Pilot Grant, Women's Studies: 1977-1978","Professor of English, Old Dominion University: 1978","Fulbright Lecturer, Romania: 1982-1983","Co-founder, Friends of Women's Studies: 1985","Fulbright Lecturer, Bejing: 1986-1987","Date of Death: March 24, 2019","Note written by Kelly C. Barbour","The collection was processed and finding aid created by Kelly C. Barbour in April 2006.","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 1","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 2","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 3","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6","The collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. Oral Histories of Dr. Rhodes' time at Old Dominion University can be found in the ODU Libraries Digital Collection's  Oral Histories in Perry Library  collection.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","Dr. Rhodes was an English and Women's Studies professor at Old Dominion University. The collection includes course descriptions, grant reports, meeting minutes from various women's groups, information pertaining to the Title IX hearings, books, journal articles, newspaper clippings, newsletters and photographs.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of English","Old Dominion University. Women's Caucus","Old Dominion University. Department of Women's Studies","Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 17-28B1","/repositories/3/resources/193"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carolyn Rhodes Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"creator_ssim":["Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"creators_ssim":["Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dr. Carolyn H. Rhodes","Gift."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.80 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.80 Linear Feet","7 Hollinger document cases boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn addition to the collection was received on 10/22/2004.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["An addition to the collection was received on 10/22/2004."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes; Series II: Women's Caucus; Series III: Women's Studies; Series IV: Other Courses; Series V: Speeches; Series VI: Publications; Series VII: Correspondence; Series VIII: Title IX; Series IX:: Multimedia; Series XI: Awards; and Series Xi: Miscellaneous Women's Events.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eleven series: Series I: Dr. Carolyn Rhodes; Series II: Women's Caucus; Series III: Women's Studies; Series IV: Other Courses; Series V: Speeches; Series VI: Publications; Series VII: Correspondence; Series VIII: Title IX; Series IX:: Multimedia; Series XI: Awards; and Series Xi: Miscellaneous Women's Events."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Carolyn H. Rhodes was born Carolyn Hodgson on May 16, 1925 in Birmingham, Alabama. Her parents were Lester Rhodes Hodgson and Dolly Griffin Hodgson. Dr. Rhodes has Bachelor of Arts degrees in Psychology and English from the University of Alabama, a Master of Arts degree in Psychology from Columbia University and a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky. She earned her Ph.D. in English in 1965 from the University of Kentucky. While in college, Dr. Rhodes administered psychometric tests for the Veterans Administration in Lexington, Kentucky and worked as an Editorial Assistant for Railway Age Magazine. She was a Haggin teaching fellow for nine semesters, from 1957-1963, and an instructor of English Language Orientation for Indonesian students from 1964-1965.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Rhodes moved to Virginia and began as an Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University (then Old Dominion College) in 1965. She became an Associate Professor in 1969 and a Professor of English in 1978. During her tenure at Old Dominion University, Dr. Rhodes worked as the Principle Investigator for the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Pilot Grant in Women's Studies. The grant, which ran from May 1977 to August 1978, helped establish the Women's Studies program at ODU, the first of its kind in Virginia. Dr. Rhodes was also a co-founder of the Friends of Women's Studies organization, established in 1985 to provide monetary support to keep Women's Studies alive. From September 1982 to July 1983, Dr. Rhodes was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Literature at Babes-Bolyai University in Romania. She received a second Fulbright to lecturer in American Literature at Peking University in Bejing, from September 1986 to August 1987\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Rhodes passed away in March of 2019 and had two children, Richard (b. 1949) and Babette (b. 1951).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChronology\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate of Birth: May 16, 1925\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts in Psychology, University of Alabama: 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBachelor of Arts in English, University of Alabama: 1945\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts in Psychology, Columbia University: 1947\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaster of Arts in English, University of Kentucky: 1959\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctorate in English, University of Kentucky: 1965\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAssistant Professor, Old Dominion University: 1965\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAssociate Professor, Old Dominion University: 1969\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinciple Investigator, NEH Pilot Grant, Women's Studies: 1977-1978\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProfessor of English, Old Dominion University: 1978\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFulbright Lecturer, Romania: 1982-1983\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCo-founder, Friends of Women's Studies: 1985\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFulbright Lecturer, Bejing: 1986-1987\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDate of Death: March 24, 2019\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Kelly C. Barbour\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Carolyn H. Rhodes was born Carolyn Hodgson on May 16, 1925 in Birmingham, Alabama. Her parents were Lester Rhodes Hodgson and Dolly Griffin Hodgson. Dr. Rhodes has Bachelor of Arts degrees in Psychology and English from the University of Alabama, a Master of Arts degree in Psychology from Columbia University and a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Kentucky. She earned her Ph.D. in English in 1965 from the University of Kentucky. While in college, Dr. Rhodes administered psychometric tests for the Veterans Administration in Lexington, Kentucky and worked as an Editorial Assistant for Railway Age Magazine. She was a Haggin teaching fellow for nine semesters, from 1957-1963, and an instructor of English Language Orientation for Indonesian students from 1964-1965.","Dr. Rhodes moved to Virginia and began as an Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University (then Old Dominion College) in 1965. She became an Associate Professor in 1969 and a Professor of English in 1978. During her tenure at Old Dominion University, Dr. Rhodes worked as the Principle Investigator for the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Pilot Grant in Women's Studies. The grant, which ran from May 1977 to August 1978, helped establish the Women's Studies program at ODU, the first of its kind in Virginia. Dr. Rhodes was also a co-founder of the Friends of Women's Studies organization, established in 1985 to provide monetary support to keep Women's Studies alive. From September 1982 to July 1983, Dr. Rhodes was a Fulbright Lecturer in American Literature at Babes-Bolyai University in Romania. She received a second Fulbright to lecturer in American Literature at Peking University in Bejing, from September 1986 to August 1987","Dr. Rhodes passed away in March of 2019 and had two children, Richard (b. 1949) and Babette (b. 1951).","Chronology","Date of Birth: May 16, 1925","Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, University of Alabama: 1945","Bachelor of Arts in English, University of Alabama: 1945","Master of Arts in Psychology, Columbia University: 1947","Master of Arts in English, University of Kentucky: 1959","Doctorate in English, University of Kentucky: 1965","Assistant Professor, Old Dominion University: 1965","Associate Professor, Old Dominion University: 1969","Principle Investigator, NEH Pilot Grant, Women's Studies: 1977-1978","Professor of English, Old Dominion University: 1978","Fulbright Lecturer, Romania: 1982-1983","Co-founder, Friends of Women's Studies: 1985","Fulbright Lecturer, Bejing: 1986-1987","Date of Death: March 24, 2019","Note written by Kelly C. Barbour"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;f2fe1203-423b-4262-b7c1-97daada2235d\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|f2fe1203-423b-4262-b7c1-97daada2235d/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Carolyn Rhodes Papers, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was processed and finding aid created by Kelly C. Barbour in April 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was processed and finding aid created by Kelly C. Barbour in April 2006."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/667/rec/61\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 1\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/675/rec/62\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 2\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/688/rec/66\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 3\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/682/rec/64\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/685/rec/65\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://dc.lib.odu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/oralhistory/id/678/rec/63\"\u003eOral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 1","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 2","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 3","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 4","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 5","Oral Histories in the Perry Library: Carolyn H. Rhodes, Part 6"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. Oral Histories of Dr. Rhodes' time at Old Dominion University can be found in the ODU Libraries Digital Collection's \u003cextref href=\"https://dc.lib.odu.edu/digital/collection/oralhistory/search/searchterm/Rhodes%2C%20Carolyn%20H./field/interv/mode/exact/conn/and\"\u003eOral Histories in Perry Library\u003c/extref\u003e collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains material from Dr. Carolyn Rhodes' academic and professional career, mostly pertaining to her time at Old Dominion University as a professor in the English and Women's Studies departments. Included in the collection are records related to the Women's Caucus, Women's Studies, gender discrimination at ODU, publications, and other material. Oral Histories of Dr. Rhodes' time at Old Dominion University can be found in the ODU Libraries Digital Collection's  Oral Histories in Perry Library  collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a3e2e2586be1bd430be6a152ee5d4eac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDr. Rhodes was an English and Women's Studies professor at Old Dominion University. The collection includes course descriptions, grant reports, meeting minutes from various women's groups, information pertaining to the Title IX hearings, books, journal articles, newspaper clippings, newsletters and photographs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Dr. Rhodes was an English and Women's Studies professor at Old Dominion University. The collection includes course descriptions, grant reports, meeting minutes from various women's groups, information pertaining to the Title IX hearings, books, journal articles, newspaper clippings, newsletters and photographs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Old Dominion University. Department of English","Old Dominion University. Women's Caucus","Old Dominion University. Department of Women's Studies","Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of English","Old Dominion University. Women's Caucus","Old Dominion University. Department of Women's Studies","Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University. Department of English","Old Dominion University. Women's Caucus","Old Dominion University. Department of Women's Studies"],"persname_ssim":["Rhodes, Carolyn H. (1925-2019)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":204,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:50:31.898Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_193_c04_c01_c01_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c08_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Faculty: 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Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1414,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 064","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|25a974f5-5605-4c1c-89ed-de6bce11ecea/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 64, Folder 2, Faculty: Psychology, circa 1980-1989, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 64, Folder 2, Faculty: Psychology, circa 1980-1989, Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5/components#7/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_root_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_3_resources_237.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/3/resources/237","title_filing_ssi":"Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia","title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated","Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1926-2007, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 00/00/2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"text":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237","Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection","Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia","The collection is open to researchers without restrictions.","Future accruals are expected.","This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.","The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff","\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.","ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College","English"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 32","/repositories/3/resources/237"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"creator_ssm":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"creators_ssim":["Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown","The collection has been added to over the years through various transfers from university photographers and departments, as well as several individuals."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Old Dominion University--History","Old Dominion University--Photographs","Old Dominion University--Multimedia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"extent_tesim":["220.80 Linear Feet","93 Hollinger document cases, 3 half Hollinger document cases, 4 VHS/Multimedia boxes, 7 oversize boxes, 7 loose foam backed oversize photos, 14 record carton cartons, and 20 framed photos boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to researchers without restrictions."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals and Additions"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into four series: Series I: Photographs; Series II: Multimedia; Series III: Oversize Photographs; and Series IV: Negatives, Slides, and Other Media."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote written by Special Collections Staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The University Photographic and Multimedia Collection serves as a pictorial history of the university from its founding as the Norfolk Division of William and Mary in 1930 to the present day as Old Dominion University. The photos show the growth of the school from the first William and Mary extension classes held in the Old Larchmont School to the huge multi-building, multi-degree University that is now Old Dominion.  These photos and multimedia document the change in the school's journey from an extension of the College of William and Mary in 1930 to becoming a college in 1961 to a full-fledged university in 1969 and onward still to the present day.","Note written by Special Collections Staff"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_252497b2-136c-4587-a77e-54417ad861f9/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\nSeries I and parts of Series III have been digitized and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9561b508ff45f5e397a42232e1312422\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Old Dominion University Photographic and Multimedia Collection (RG 32) contains a wide range of photos relating to the university's history from the 1930s to the present."],"names_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"corpname_ssim":["ODU University Archives","Old Dominion University","College of William and Mary. Norfolk Division","Old Dominion College"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2479,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:44:10.790Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c08_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02","ref_ssm":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02"],"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07","parent_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07","parent_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vino_repositories_5_resources_187","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03","vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 28"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 28"],"text":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District and the End of Busing","Box 28","Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law","box 28","folder 02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law","title_ssm":["Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law"],"title_tesim":["Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Folder 02: Greer, Jack Attorney at Law"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":367,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["box 28","folder 02"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3AdeliverableUnit|666e628a-a828-40ac-913a-b9bef8a78525/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item and date], Box 28, Folder 2, Greer, Jack Attorney at Law, 1976-1990, Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_heading_ssm":["Preferred Citation"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item and date], Box 28, Folder 2, Greer, Jack Attorney at Law, 1976-1990, Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#6/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_ssi":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_root_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","_nest_parent_":"vino_repositories_5_resources_187","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_187.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archivesguides.lib.odu.edu/repositories/5/resources/187","title_filing_ssi":"Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation","title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated","Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1922-2008, undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Date acquired: 12/14/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"text":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187","Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection","Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century","African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk","Open to researchers without restrictions.","The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.","Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.","From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.","The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.","This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.","This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.","ODU Community Collections","Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MG 92","/repositories/5/resources/187"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Old Dominion University"],"repository_ssim":["Old Dominion University"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"creator_ssm":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.)--History--20th century","Norfolk (Va.)--Politics and government--20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Norfolk, Virginia, Public Schools","Gift. Accession #A2007-006"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--Civil rights","School integration--Massive resistance movement","School integration--Virginia--Norfolk--History--20th century","Segregation in education--Virginia--Norfolk","Race relations--History--20th century","African Americans--Segregation","African Americans--Education--Virginia--Norfolk","Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka","Public schools--Virginia--Norfolk","School closings--Virginia--Norfolk","Busing for school integration--Virginia--Norfolk"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"extent_tesim":["18.40 Linear Feet","34 Hollinger document cases; 2 oversize boxes boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOpen to researchers without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Open to researchers without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement Note"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into five series: Series I: Closing of the Norfolk City Schools; Series II: The Path to a Unitary School District; Series III: Norfolk as a Unitary School District; Series IV: Directories and Calendars; and Series V: Oversized Documents."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical or Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Norfolk, Virginia has twice found itself at the center of attention related to the racial desegregation of its schools. The first was in the late 1950s during a state-wide, governor-led resistance to the integration mandated by the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, KS ruling. Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. closed the schools scheduled to be integrated for five months until the courts intervened. The second was in 1986 when Norfolk became the first school district in the country to have a federal judicial ruling allowing them to end busing for the purpose of achieving racial balance in schools.","On September 19, 1958, U.S. District Judge Walter Hoffman issued an order in continuation of Leola Pearl Beckett v. The School Board of the City of Norfolk which said that Norfolk must immediately begin to integrate its schools. On September 27, 1958, the Norfolk School Board placed 17 African American children into previously all white schools in compliance with the judge's order. Earlier in 1958, the Virginia legislature had granted permission to Governor J. Lindsay Almond, Jr. to close any white school that had \"negroes\" which tried to enroll. On September 27, the same day the children were to start at school, the Governor closed the six affected schools in Norfolk and took them under his control. In all, this impacted more than 10,000 white students and the 17 African American students (the Norfolk 17). In the months that followed, students found avenues to education through private schools, relocation, but mostly through highly organized tutoring groups. In February of 1959, the schools reopened with fewer students-by one estimate almost 2500 fewer."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["From 2008 to September 2020, the collection was known as the Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Papers."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eODU Digital Collections\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Related Digital Material"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["ODU Digital Collections"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Box [insert number], Folder [insert number and title], Norfolk Public Schools Desegregation Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The finding aid was completed by Jennifer Clayton in Apirl 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the \u003ca href=\"https://olddomuni.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/SO_80f31496-d0c0-40e8-9c9c-024a1e1a2903/\"\u003eOld Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection primarily contains material related to the integration of the Norfolk public schools. The papers include correspondence, court cases, school board resolutions, inter-district memorandum, press releases, reports, news clippings and district maps. Subjects covered are the 1958 school closing to prevent integration, integration progress in the 1960s, busing to achieve integration in the 1970s and the end of busing in the mid-1980s. Among the most important historical materials is correspondence between Governor Lindsay Almond and the School Administration, beginning with the letter ordering the closing of six Norfolk schools as mandated by the \"Massive Resistance\" law. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation. Parts of the collection have been scanned and are available in the  Old Dominion University Libraries Digital Collections."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from Special Collections and University Archives, and the holder of the copyright, if not Old Dominion University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cc312911e0755655711aff73f46b1cbc\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. While most of the collection deals with desegregation, it also includes school directories and calendars before and after desegregation.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection dating from 1922-2008, contains correspondence, memorandum, depositions, court orders, recollections, statistical testing data, printed material, artifacts, and maps.The bulk of the collection provides a glimpse into the decisions made by the School Board through court documentation and the public sentiment during the integration process in Norfolk. 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Standard"],"total_component_count_is":425,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:40:26.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vino_repositories_5_resources_187_c03_c07_c02"}},{"id":"vino_repositories_3_resources_237_c01_c06_c09_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Folder 02: Non Academic Staff: 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