{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=201","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=200","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=202","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1988\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=225"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":201,"next_page":202,"prev_page":200,"total_pages":225,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2000,"total_count":2250,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Leaguer","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records","2006 Donation"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records","2006 Donation"],"text":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records","2006 Donation","The Leaguer","box 16"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Leaguer","title_ssm":["The Leaguer"],"title_tesim":["The Leaguer"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988 June-1989 February"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Leaguer"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":462,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["No restriction on use."],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989],"containers_ssim":["box 16"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#75","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_80","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_80.xml","title_ssm":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records"],"title_tesim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 18","/repositories/5/resources/80"],"text":["M 18","/repositories/5/resources/80","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area records","Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Voter registration -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Women -- Societies and clubs -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions","The collection is arranged alphobetically and chronologically therein. The first deposit of materials from the LWV of the Richmond Area (7/12/83) included minutes, newsletters, correspondence and other materials, dates from 1920 until 1973. A second deposit (4/1/94) of similar materials dates from the late 1970s until 1992. The collection also includes four additional deposits of material: one from Geraldine Fineberg Archivist for the League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metro Area (95-Jun-24); a second from Muriel H. Smith (95-Jul-32), member of LWV of the Richmond Metro Area; a third deposit from Donna Reynolds (96-Oct-28); and a fourth deposit from an undetermined donor (97-Jun-12).","The Virginia League of Women Voters (LWV) was organized on November 9, 1920 in the State Capitol building in Richmond. This date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of the organization of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia in 1909. The meeting was attended by women from all parts of the state.The Richmond League organized a few weeks later, on November 30, 1920, in a meeting called by Adele Clark, one of several early LWV members who had been active in the women's suffrage movement in Virginia. The purpose of the organization, expressed in its original constitution, was \"to stimulate education in citizenship and to suggest and support improved legislation.\"The Richmond League has been active on a number of issues, including child welfare, women's rights at work, redistricting, and support for the Equal Rights Amendment. Throughout its existence it has encouraged citizen participation in elections. In the 1970's the name of the Richmond Area LWV was changed to the LWV of the Richmond Metropolitan Area, Virginia, Inc. -representing the areas of Richmond, Chesterfield County and Henrico County.","The collection includes minutes, correspondence, annual as well as other reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, notes, various publications and other materials. The date range of the collection, from the early 1920's until the present, spans the history of the organization. There seems to be some minutes missing from the years 1939 through 1945.Much of the correspondence from the 1970s focuses on the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and includes letters to and from Virginia's U.S. Congressional delegation. Numerous regional and state issues are also documented in the collection.","No restriction on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.)","English \n.    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The first deposit of materials from the LWV of the Richmond Area (7/12/83) included minutes, newsletters, correspondence and other materials, dates from 1920 until 1973. A second deposit (4/1/94) of similar materials dates from the late 1970s until 1992. The collection also includes four additional deposits of material: one from Geraldine Fineberg Archivist for the League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metro Area (95-Jun-24); a second from Muriel H. Smith (95-Jul-32), member of LWV of the Richmond Metro Area; a third deposit from Donna Reynolds (96-Oct-28); and a fourth deposit from an undetermined donor (97-Jun-12).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphobetically and chronologically therein. The first deposit of materials from the LWV of the Richmond Area (7/12/83) included minutes, newsletters, correspondence and other materials, dates from 1920 until 1973. A second deposit (4/1/94) of similar materials dates from the late 1970s until 1992. The collection also includes four additional deposits of material: one from Geraldine Fineberg Archivist for the League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metro Area (95-Jun-24); a second from Muriel H. Smith (95-Jul-32), member of LWV of the Richmond Metro Area; a third deposit from Donna Reynolds (96-Oct-28); and a fourth deposit from an undetermined donor (97-Jun-12)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia League of Women Voters (LWV) was organized on November 9, 1920 in the State Capitol building in Richmond. This date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of the organization of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia in 1909. The meeting was attended by women from all parts of the state.The Richmond League organized a few weeks later, on November 30, 1920, in a meeting called by Adele Clark, one of several early LWV members who had been active in the women's suffrage movement in Virginia. The purpose of the organization, expressed in its original constitution, was \"to stimulate education in citizenship and to suggest and support improved legislation.\"The Richmond League has been active on a number of issues, including child welfare, women's rights at work, redistricting, and support for the Equal Rights Amendment. Throughout its existence it has encouraged citizen participation in elections. In the 1970's the name of the Richmond Area LWV was changed to the LWV of the Richmond Metropolitan Area, Virginia, Inc. -representing the areas of Richmond, Chesterfield County and Henrico County.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia League of Women Voters (LWV) was organized on November 9, 1920 in the State Capitol building in Richmond. This date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of the organization of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia in 1909. The meeting was attended by women from all parts of the state.The Richmond League organized a few weeks later, on November 30, 1920, in a meeting called by Adele Clark, one of several early LWV members who had been active in the women's suffrage movement in Virginia. The purpose of the organization, expressed in its original constitution, was \"to stimulate education in citizenship and to suggest and support improved legislation.\"The Richmond League has been active on a number of issues, including child welfare, women's rights at work, redistricting, and support for the Equal Rights Amendment. Throughout its existence it has encouraged citizen participation in elections. In the 1970's the name of the Richmond Area LWV was changed to the LWV of the Richmond Metropolitan Area, Virginia, Inc. -representing the areas of Richmond, Chesterfield County and Henrico County."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox, League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area Archives, M 18, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box, League of Women Voters of the Richmond Area Archives, M 18, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes minutes, correspondence, annual as well as other reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, notes, various publications and other materials. The date range of the collection, from the early 1920's until the present, spans the history of the organization. There seems to be some minutes missing from the years 1939 through 1945.Much of the correspondence from the 1970s focuses on the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and includes letters to and from Virginia's U.S. Congressional delegation. Numerous regional and state issues are also documented in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes minutes, correspondence, annual as well as other reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, notes, various publications and other materials. The date range of the collection, from the early 1920's until the present, spans the history of the organization. There seems to be some minutes missing from the years 1939 through 1945.Much of the correspondence from the 1970s focuses on the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and includes letters to and from Virginia's U.S. Congressional delegation. Numerous regional and state issues are also documented in the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restriction on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restriction on use."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.)"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":545,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_80_c05_c76"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Lee's of Virginia,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"text":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files","The Lee's of Virginia,","box 121"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Lee's of Virginia,","title_ssm":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"title_tesim":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988, 1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2484,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 121"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#1600","timestamp":"2026-05-13T14:06:14.608Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek, papers","title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"text":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University ","The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creators_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Mrs. McClenahan in April 1994. Additional materials were added in 1996 and in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence (1933-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III--Other organizations (1951-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V--Politics (1985-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSome of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eClubs include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAwards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHonorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2899,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-13T14:06:14.608Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1601"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Lee's of Virginia,","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"text":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files","The Lee's of Virginia,","box 121"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Lee's of Virginia,","title_ssm":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"title_tesim":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1988, 1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Lee's of Virginia,"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2488,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 121"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#1604","timestamp":"2026-05-13T14:06:14.608Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek, papers","title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"text":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University ","The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creators_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Mrs. McClenahan in April 1994. Additional materials were added in 1996 and in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence (1933-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III--Other organizations (1951-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V--Politics (1985-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSome of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eClubs include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAwards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHonorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2899,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-13T14:06:14.608Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c1605"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_272"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_272"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Nell Blaine collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Nell Blaine collection"],"text":["Nell Blaine collection","The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials","title_ssm":["The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials"],"title_tesim":["The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1999, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Nell Blaine collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open for research."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:18:11.313Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_272","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_272.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blaine, Nell, Collection","title_ssm":["Nell Blaine collection"],"title_tesim":["Nell Blaine collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 67","/repositories/5/resources/272"],"text":["M 67","/repositories/5/resources/272","Nell Blaine collection","Painters -- Virginia -- Richmond","Painting, American -- 20th century.","Collection open for research.","The Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is divided into four series: Series I: The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1961-1999, Series II: Nell Blaine Materials 1945-1978, Series III: The John Bryan Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1948-1995, Series IV: The Janice McMurray Collection of Nell Blaine materials 1949-1992.","Nell Blaine (1922-1996) was a prominent American painter. Blaine was born in Richmond, Virginia and attended the Richmond Professional Institute from 1939-42. She studied under prominent artists such as Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) and Worden Day (1915-1986). In 1942-43, she received a grant from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts to study under the renowned abstract expressionist, Hans Hofmann (1880-1966). Her art grew out of the Abstract Expressionist Movement of the 1940s. Her vast array of work, which spans half a century, encompasses indoor scenes, landscapes, and still lifes. Her work appears in many major American collections including the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum of American Art, among others. Even though Blaine relocated permanently to Manhattan, New York in the 1940s, she exhibited frequently in Richmond. The Richmond Times-Dispatch extolled her success throughout her career, recalling her roots as a Richmond native. Blaine traveled extensively in Europe, the Caribbean, and South America to paint and to find inspiration. While staying in Greece in 1959, she contracted spinal bulbar polio. The disease left her paralyzed from the waist down for the rest of her life. She continued painting and exhibiting until the 1990s. Not only does Blaine's art contribute to American painting but she leaves a legacy for the Richmond art community.","The Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is significant because the collection provides foundational research materials on Nell Blaine's career and contribution to American art. The three most common materials in the collection are articles and newspaper clippings, exhibition brochures, and correspondence from Nell Blaine.","Series I, donated by Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak, contains five folders. Articles and newspaper clippings from 1961-1973 and exhibition catalogs spanning 1970-1999 are key primary source materials. Series I also contains an academic paper about Nell Blaine from 1971 by VCU alumni, Janice Ritter (now Janice Ritter McMurray).","Series II contains four folders that have an unconfirmed provenance. The series contains a 1972 agenda calendar that features Nell Blaine's art in the month of January. There are also black and white photographs of Nell Blaine's work that date between 1959-1975. The articles and exhibitions, ranging from 1945-1978, are grouped together based on the original order of donation.","Series III includes ten folders that were donated by John Bryan in the 1990s. Half of the collection contains correspondence from Nell Blaine to Mr. and Mrs. Hal Clark between 1971-1995. The articles and newspaper clippings were collected by the Clarks between 1948-1993. The two folders of postcards were probably sent from Nell Blaine to the Clarks-she often attached blank postcards to her letters highlighting the places she visited or artists she admired.","Series IV consists of eight folders donated in 2010 by Janice Ritter McMurray, a former student at Virginia Commonwealth University. She originally compiled materials for an art history class in 1970 but she continued to collect exhibition brochures and newspaper clippings until 1992. McMurray had travelled to Blaine's studio in New York to conduct an interview and they remained friends for many years afterward. Two important papers written by McMurray are also in the collection. First, is an undated reflective paper that summarizes McMurray's involvement with Blaine. A second important paper from McMurray is her draft from the 1970 class, which contains a note with suggestions from Blaine herself. A copy of the final paper has been attached to the draft. The original paper appears in Series I, Folder 2. The letters McMurray received from Blaine between1969-1972 are also in the collection. A set of blank stationary designed by Blaine give a glimpse into her art. Photographs from 1968 also show Blaine's work in progress.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Alumni and alumnae","Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 67","/repositories/5/resources/272"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Nell Blaine collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Nell Blaine collection"],"collection_ssim":["Nell Blaine collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"creators_ssim":["Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Painters -- Virginia -- Richmond","Painting, American -- 20th century."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Painters -- Virginia -- Richmond","Painting, American -- 20th century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is divided into four series: Series I: The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1961-1999, Series II: Nell Blaine Materials 1945-1978, Series III: The John Bryan Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1948-1995, Series IV: The Janice McMurray Collection of Nell Blaine materials 1949-1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is divided into four series: Series I: The Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1961-1999, Series II: Nell Blaine Materials 1945-1978, Series III: The John Bryan Collection of Nell Blaine Materials 1948-1995, Series IV: The Janice McMurray Collection of Nell Blaine materials 1949-1992."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNell Blaine (1922-1996) was a prominent American painter. Blaine was born in Richmond, Virginia and attended the Richmond Professional Institute from 1939-42. She studied under prominent artists such as Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) and Worden Day (1915-1986). In 1942-43, she received a grant from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts to study under the renowned abstract expressionist, Hans Hofmann (1880-1966). Her art grew out of the Abstract Expressionist Movement of the 1940s. Her vast array of work, which spans half a century, encompasses indoor scenes, landscapes, and still lifes. Her work appears in many major American collections including the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum of American Art, among others. Even though Blaine relocated permanently to Manhattan, New York in the 1940s, she exhibited frequently in Richmond. The Richmond Times-Dispatch extolled her success throughout her career, recalling her roots as a Richmond native. Blaine traveled extensively in Europe, the Caribbean, and South America to paint and to find inspiration. While staying in Greece in 1959, she contracted spinal bulbar polio. The disease left her paralyzed from the waist down for the rest of her life. She continued painting and exhibiting until the 1990s. Not only does Blaine's art contribute to American painting but she leaves a legacy for the Richmond art community.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Nell Blaine (1922-1996) was a prominent American painter. Blaine was born in Richmond, Virginia and attended the Richmond Professional Institute from 1939-42. She studied under prominent artists such as Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) and Worden Day (1915-1986). In 1942-43, she received a grant from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts to study under the renowned abstract expressionist, Hans Hofmann (1880-1966). Her art grew out of the Abstract Expressionist Movement of the 1940s. Her vast array of work, which spans half a century, encompasses indoor scenes, landscapes, and still lifes. Her work appears in many major American collections including the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum of American Art, among others. Even though Blaine relocated permanently to Manhattan, New York in the 1940s, she exhibited frequently in Richmond. The Richmond Times-Dispatch extolled her success throughout her career, recalling her roots as a Richmond native. Blaine traveled extensively in Europe, the Caribbean, and South America to paint and to find inspiration. While staying in Greece in 1959, she contracted spinal bulbar polio. The disease left her paralyzed from the waist down for the rest of her life. She continued painting and exhibiting until the 1990s. Not only does Blaine's art contribute to American painting but she leaves a legacy for the Richmond art community."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNell Blaine Collection, Collection Number M 67, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Nell Blaine Collection, Collection Number M 67, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is significant because the collection provides foundational research materials on Nell Blaine's career and contribution to American art. The three most common materials in the collection are articles and newspaper clippings, exhibition brochures, and correspondence from Nell Blaine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I, donated by Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak, contains five folders. Articles and newspaper clippings from 1961-1973 and exhibition catalogs spanning 1970-1999 are key primary source materials. Series I also contains an academic paper about Nell Blaine from 1971 by VCU alumni, Janice Ritter (now Janice Ritter McMurray).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II contains four folders that have an unconfirmed provenance. The series contains a 1972 agenda calendar that features Nell Blaine's art in the month of January. There are also black and white photographs of Nell Blaine's work that date between 1959-1975. The articles and exhibitions, ranging from 1945-1978, are grouped together based on the original order of donation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III includes ten folders that were donated by John Bryan in the 1990s. Half of the collection contains correspondence from Nell Blaine to Mr. and Mrs. Hal Clark between 1971-1995. The articles and newspaper clippings were collected by the Clarks between 1948-1993. The two folders of postcards were probably sent from Nell Blaine to the Clarks-she often attached blank postcards to her letters highlighting the places she visited or artists she admired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV consists of eight folders donated in 2010 by Janice Ritter McMurray, a former student at Virginia Commonwealth University. She originally compiled materials for an art history class in 1970 but she continued to collect exhibition brochures and newspaper clippings until 1992. McMurray had travelled to Blaine's studio in New York to conduct an interview and they remained friends for many years afterward. Two important papers written by McMurray are also in the collection. First, is an undated reflective paper that summarizes McMurray's involvement with Blaine. A second important paper from McMurray is her draft from the 1970 class, which contains a note with suggestions from Blaine herself. A copy of the final paper has been attached to the draft. The original paper appears in Series I, Folder 2. The letters McMurray received from Blaine between1969-1972 are also in the collection. A set of blank stationary designed by Blaine give a glimpse into her art. Photographs from 1968 also show Blaine's work in progress.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Nell Blaine Collection, 1945-1999, is significant because the collection provides foundational research materials on Nell Blaine's career and contribution to American art. The three most common materials in the collection are articles and newspaper clippings, exhibition brochures, and correspondence from Nell Blaine.","Series I, donated by Maurice Bonds and Theresa Pollak, contains five folders. Articles and newspaper clippings from 1961-1973 and exhibition catalogs spanning 1970-1999 are key primary source materials. Series I also contains an academic paper about Nell Blaine from 1971 by VCU alumni, Janice Ritter (now Janice Ritter McMurray).","Series II contains four folders that have an unconfirmed provenance. The series contains a 1972 agenda calendar that features Nell Blaine's art in the month of January. There are also black and white photographs of Nell Blaine's work that date between 1959-1975. The articles and exhibitions, ranging from 1945-1978, are grouped together based on the original order of donation.","Series III includes ten folders that were donated by John Bryan in the 1990s. Half of the collection contains correspondence from Nell Blaine to Mr. and Mrs. Hal Clark between 1971-1995. The articles and newspaper clippings were collected by the Clarks between 1948-1993. The two folders of postcards were probably sent from Nell Blaine to the Clarks-she often attached blank postcards to her letters highlighting the places she visited or artists she admired.","Series IV consists of eight folders donated in 2010 by Janice Ritter McMurray, a former student at Virginia Commonwealth University. She originally compiled materials for an art history class in 1970 but she continued to collect exhibition brochures and newspaper clippings until 1992. McMurray had travelled to Blaine's studio in New York to conduct an interview and they remained friends for many years afterward. Two important papers written by McMurray are also in the collection. First, is an undated reflective paper that summarizes McMurray's involvement with Blaine. A second important paper from McMurray is her draft from the 1970 class, which contains a note with suggestions from Blaine herself. A copy of the final paper has been attached to the draft. The original paper appears in Series I, Folder 2. The letters McMurray received from Blaine between1969-1972 are also in the collection. A set of blank stationary designed by Blaine give a glimpse into her art. Photographs from 1968 also show Blaine's work in progress."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University -- Alumni and alumnae","Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Alumni and alumnae","Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University -- Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":31,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:18:11.313Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_272_c01"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The National Poetry Series","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Larry Levis papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Larry Levis papers","Series 1: Correspondence"],"text":["Larry Levis papers","Series 1: Correspondence","The National Poetry Series","box 3","folder 27"],"title_filing_ssi":"The National Poetry Series","title_ssm":["The National Poetry Series"],"title_tesim":["The National Poetry Series"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1982, 1995-1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1982/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The National Poetry Series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Larry Levis papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":118,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research except for certain materials due to FERPA and/or the presence of personally identifiable information. ","Special guidelines: Researchers must contact the archivist at least one week in advance for access to Series 4: Academic files, Series 6: Born digital materials, and Series 7: Sheila Brady materials."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"containers_ssim":["box 3","folder 27"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#116","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_224.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Levis, Larry, Papers","title_ssm":["Larry Levis papers"],"title_tesim":["Larry Levis papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1974-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 426","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"text":["M 426","/repositories/5/resources/224","Larry Levis papers","Poets, American -- 20th century","Collection is open to research except for certain materials due to FERPA and/or the presence of personally identifiable information. ","Special guidelines: Researchers must contact the archivist at least one week in advance for access to Series 4: Academic files, Series 6: Born digital materials, and Series 7: Sheila Brady materials.","In 2016, the collection was reappraised and reprocessed.","The collection is organized into eight series. Series 1: Correspondence, 1974-2006; Series 2: Writings, circa 1977-1999; Series 3: Printed materials, 1980-2005; Series 4: Academic files, 1980-1996; Series 5: Business and personal files, 1980-2000; Series 6: Born-digital materials, undated; Series 7: Sheila Brady materials, 1975-2005; Series 8: Collected materials, 1996.","Larry Patrick Levis was a poet and a professor of poetry. He was born on September 30, 1946 to parents\nWilliam Kent Levis and Carol Mayo Levis in Fresno, California, the youngest of four children. Levis\ngrew up on his family's ranch, a large farm of vineyards and orchards in Selma, California. During his childhood, he helped his father and the farm workers employed by the family\nwith the daily operations of the ranch.","Levis earned a bachelor's degree in English in 1968, from Fresno State College, later renamed California\nState University, Fresno, where he formed what would become a lifelong friendship with Philip Levine.\nTwo years later, he earned a master's degree in Creative Writing from Syracuse University. Following his\ngraduation, Levis became a lecturer at the University of California Los Angeles, where he taught from\n1970 to 1972. In 1972, the University of Pittsburgh Press published his first book of poems,  Wrecking\nCrew , which won the United States Award from the International Poetry Forum. That same year he\njoined the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa where he taught and was a writing fellow\nfrom 1972 to 1974. From 1972 to 1973, Levis served as West Coast Editor of the literary magazine\n Crazyhorse , and in 1973, he received his first National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship.","In 1974, Levis earned a doctorate in English from the University of Iowa and took a job as an assistant\nprofessor at the University of Missouri, Columbia, where he taught from 1974 to 1983. He was promoted to the rank of associate professor and was tenured in 1980, and he also served\nas co-editor and founding editor of the Missouri Review from 1978 to 1981. \nHis second book\nof poems,  The Afterlife , was published in 1977 by the Windhover Press of the University of Iowa and the\nUniversity of Iowa Press and was awarded the Lamont Poetry Selection of the American Academy of\nPoets. \nLevis returned to the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa as a visiting poet from 1980 to 1982, and again in 1991. His third book of poems,  The Dollmaker's Ghost , which was the winner of the Open Competition of the National Poetry Series, was published by E.P. Dutton in 1981. In 1983, Levis was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and traveled through Mexico and several countries in Europe.","Levis took a position as an associate professor at the University of Utah in 1984. That same year, he\nreceived his second National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship. The University\nof Pittsburg Press released his fourth book of poems,  Winter Stars , in 1985. Levis was promoted to the position\nof full professor in 1988, and he served as director of Utah's Program of Creative Writing from 1988\nto 1992. Levis also served as associate editor of the  Western Humanities Review  from 1987 to 1992.\nIn 1988, he received a Senior Fulbright Fellowship and traveled to Yugoslavia, and he was\nawarded a third National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in 1989. In 1991, the University of Pittsburgh Press\npublished Levis's fifth book of poems,  The Widening Spell of the Leaves .","Levis moved to Richmond, Virginia, in 1992, having taken a job as a professor and senior poet at\nVirginia Commonwealth University. That same year, Peregrine Smith published  Black Freckles , a book of\nLevis's short prose pieces. In 1993, Levis became director of the master's of fine arts program in Creative\nWriting at Virginia Commonwealth University. At this time, Levis was also a faculty member of the Warren Wilson College's master's of fine arts Creative Writing Program. He continued teaching and mentoring students in the low-residency program into 1996.\nOn May 9, 1996, Levis was found dead from cardiac arrest at the age of 49 in his home in the Church\nHill neighborhood of Richmond.","Over the course of his career, Levis's poems were published in a number of magazines and journals\nincluding  American Poetry Review ,  The New Yorker ,  Field ,  Southern Review , and  Antioch Review ,\namong others. In addition to the publications noted above, Levis also had several other limited edition\nchapbooks published including  The Rain's Witness  in 1975,  The Leopard's Mouth Is Dry and Cold Inside \nwith Marcia Southwick in 1976, and  Sensationalism  in 1983, as well as a limited edition broadside,  The Two\nTrees , in 1994.","Levis has one child, Nicholas Levis, born in 1978, the son of Marcia Southwick, to whom Levis was\nmarried from 1975 to the early 1980s. He had also been married to Barbara Campbell from 1969 to 1973\nand Mary Jane Hale from 1989 to 1990.","Extant documentation of the state in which Levis's materials were initially found following his death\nindicates that Levis likely maintain only a very rudimentary organizational system. John Venable,\nthe graduate student tasked with the organization of Levis's office papers by Levis's sister, Sheila\nBrady, noted in a letter to Brady that \"Larry's method of filing drafts and revisions of poems is,\nsimply, unlike anything I've ever seen: drafts are not dated, some drafts switch from handwriting to\ntypescript and back again, further drafts are found in other, unmarked folders.\" Venable stated that\nhe consolidated groupings of Levis's academic files and his literary materials, the latter of which\nhe subdivided into three subgroups: drafts of poems and prose both from published collections and\nunpublished works, personal and professional correspondence, and \"indecipherable\" handwritten\npages. Following this organizational effort, it is likely that the salvaged materials were transferred to\nthe custody of the New Virginia Review.","Following their transfer, the exact date of which is unknown, the materials were stored, handled,\nadded to, and mailed among multiple parties, including several of Levis's friends, colleagues, and\nfamily members, who actively used the materials as they compiled, edited, and published several\nposthumous collections of Levis's work:  Elegy  (1997),  The Selected Levis  (2000),  The Gazer Within \n(2001), and  The Darkening Trapeze  (2016), as well as  Condition of the Spirit  (2004), a compilation of\nLevis's essays and writings about Levis by others.","Details of this collaborative process are described by David St. John in his afterword to  The\nDarkening Trapeze . He notes that content was pulled from Levis's computers and his home office\nin addition to his university office, and that the endeavor to collect and organize Levis's drafts was\nled by Mary Flinn, Gregory Donovan, and Amy Tudor, the three of whom also collaboratively\ndetermined which were the most recent drafts of given poems among those found. Editing of the\nresulting posthumous volumes was variously completed by Philip Levine, David St. John, James\nMarshall, Andrew Miller, John Venable, Mary Flinn, and Christopher Buckley. All posthumous\npublications were created either at the request or with the permission of Levis estate administrator\nSheila Brady.","Materials pertaining to the compilation of these works seems to have been added to the collection\nduring this time. It is clear, judging from David St. John's account as well as notations on folders,\nenvelopes, and sticky notes found during the reappraisal process, that the collection's intermediary\ncustodians sorted the materials in order to facilitate their use, though it is unknown how many\nseparate attempts at arrangement were made before the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing.","Born digital materials are housed on 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks.","When the collection was originally processed by VCU Special Collections and Archives in 2013, staff\nfound virtually no evidence of original order, and so an order was imposed at that time. Writings by\nLevis were organized chronologically and correspondence was arranged alphabetically. Materials\ndocumenting Levis's academic career were organized by institution, and his personal effects and\nposthumous materials were arranged by material type.","During the 2013 processing of the collection, materials acquired through a separate donation by Sheila\nBrady in 2011 were interfiled into the materials purchased in 2009. As provenance information was\nretained by that processor at the folder level, it was possible during the 2016 reprocessing effort\nto separate and arrange the materials donated by Brady into a single series, Series 7: Sheila Brady\nmaterials. ","Materials which seems to have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady have been grouped into Series 8: Collected materials during the 2016 reprocessing. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection, should they occur.","During the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing, where order was discernable, whether it may be the result\nof Levis's design or that of the collection's custodians following his death, all efforts have been made to\npreserve it. This was done because any such order may hold clues to the creator's intent,\nwhether that order had been established by Levis himself or by those who knew him well and therefore may\nhave possessed unique insights into his creative process. Where order was found to be lacking, an\narrangement was imposed on the collection in order to facilitate intellectual control and access.\nThis imposition of order consisted of grouping materials either by record type or provenance, where\npossible.","Evidence of arrangement attempts made by Levis's colleagues and family after his death has been\nretained as much as possible through preservation photocopying of notes and the inclusion of relevant\ndescriptive information added by those other than Levis in folder titles placed within brackets. These retained notes include location information, description of content, and,\nfor some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts.","The Larry Levis papers consist of materials created and accumulated by Levis, his colleagues, and members of his family. Materials date from 1974 to 2006 and document Levis's literary career and legacy, his career in academia, and aspects of his personal life. ","The great majority of Series 1: Correspondence is made up of letters, cards, notes, and postcards received by Levis as well as a lesser number of letters written by Levis. Correspondents include friends, colleagues, family members, and editors. These letters provide insight into Levis's personal and professional relationships. The folder of unidentified correspondence holds materials lacking an identifiable correspondent as these letters, cards, and postcards are marked with only a first name, illegible signatures, or no name at all. Miscellaneous envelopes are those that do not correspond with a letter or card in the series. Also found in this series are sets of correspondence in which Levis was neither the sender nor the recipient. These include the correspondence of James Marshall, Mary Flinn, and a set of other correspondence that includes single instances of exchanges between unique pairs of individuals. Most folders in this series hold only a few pieces of correspondence, with the exception of correspondence with Philip Levine which is substantial, but consists largely of photocopies.","Series 2: Writings, the largest series in this collection, is broken into three subseries: Subseries 2.1: Collected works, Subseries 2.2: Other works, and Subseries 2.3: Writings of others. These materials illuminate aspects of Levis's creative process, his professional and artistic relationships with peers, and the evolution of his literary career and legacy. ","Subseries 2.1: Collected works makes up the bulk of this series and consists of drafts of Levis's writing, including drafts of individual poetry and prose pieces, manuscript drafts of collected works, journals, and unarranged or unidentified poem and prose drafts, many of which are handwritten. Some drafts include comments of Levis's colleagues, including Philip Levine. Content related to Levis's early works and limited edition publications is largely absent. Best represented are the works  The Dollmaker's Ghost ,  Winter Stars ,  The Widening Spell of the Leaves ,  Black Freckles ,  Elegy , and  The Gazer Within . ","Evidence of posthumous arrangement activities is most prominent in this subseries, and all efforts have been made to preserve it as it may hold clues to the creator's intent. Preservation photocopies of sticky notes and notes written on envelopes are included in their corresponding folders. Descriptive information added by those other than Levis has been included in folder titles placed within brackets. The retained notations give location information, description of content, and, for some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts.","Drafts of poems and prose not identified and grouped with a specific collected volume have been placed in Subseries 2.2: Other works. Though the majority of these folders lacked distinct titles indicating why certain materials were placed in a folder together at the time of processing, there may be unknown meaning to their arrangement. Therefore, these items have been kept in their original folder groupings. Drafts marked at \"unidentified\" could not be identified in terms of genre. ","Materials in Subseries 2.3: Writings of others include drafts or otherwise unpublished versions of poetry and prose pieces by other individuals. Some pieces are about Levis, while others were, presumably, acquired by Levis or his associates at some point.","In this series, many copies of poem drafts, including a number of the drafts for the collected work  Elegy  as well as unidentified drafts are photocopies. Dates given on folders holding these materials reflect the dates of the original content, when provided.","Series 3: Printed materials contains published poems, articles, and interviews by Levis and others as well as advertisements, flyers, and other printed ephemera. Items in this series provide examples of Levis's public presence, analysis and interpretation of his work in the press, and works by others that Levis or his associates acquired and retained. Published works by Levis are identified first by genre, then by title, whereas works by others are identified by the name of the author, then by title. Materials grouped by type include advertisements mentioning Levis, articles and press releases about Levis, articles about Philip Levine, postcards, and reviews. ","Materials in Series 4: Academic files include academic administrative materials, course materials, student correspondence, and student work that document aspects of Levis's life in academia, his roles as a professor, and his approach to teaching. The bulk of materials in this series pertain to Levis's work with Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College. Academic materials that do not indicate an institution have been labeled as unidentified. Administrative materials include department correspondence and policy documents, employment forms, and similar materials. Course materials encompass syllabi, photocopied readings, and other materials related to the preparation and delivery of instruction. Correspondence with students, attendance and grade sheets, and submitted student work may be protected under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.","Series 5: Business and personal files holds appointment books, personal effects, photographs, audiovisual materials, awards, and other materials of a personal or professional nature that are not primarily made up of correspondence or writings. These items provide insight into Levis's personal life and also document his memorial services. Personal materials, such as photographs, lacking contextual information have been labeled as unidentified.","The disks in Series 6: Born-digital materials hold content created by Levis or his associates on a variety of topics. It is likely that some portion of the born-digital materials currently housed on these 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks is duplicated in the paper records, although the extent of this duplication is unknown at this time. Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for generation of access copies.","Series 7: Sheila Brady papers consists of materials donated by Brady, Levis's sister, in 2011. During the 2013 processing of the collection, these materials were interfiled into the materials previously purchased from Nicholas Levis. Notation made by the processor at the time enabled the separation of these files during the 2016 reprocessing effort into their own series. In terms of subject and content, materials in this series run the gamut of the collection as a whole. Materials include academic files from Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College; correspondence with colleagues of Levis, publishers, academic institutions, family, and friends; personal effects; obituaries; various printed materials and reviews; drafts and manuscripts of Levis collected works; and writings by others. Access to materials that may be protected by FERPA must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.","Series 8: Collected materials holds items which have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady. Currently, this includes a set of posters. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Levis, Larry, 1946-1996","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 426","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Larry Levis papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Larry Levis papers"],"collection_ssim":["Larry Levis papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The bulk of the collection was purchased from Nicholas Levis in 2009. Additional materials were gifted by Sheila Brady in 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Poets, American -- 20th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Poets, American -- 20th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.3 Linear Feet 38 doc cases, 2 print boxes, 1 map case folder"],"extent_tesim":["17.3 Linear Feet 38 doc cases, 2 print boxes, 1 map case folder"],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research except for certain materials due to FERPA and/or the presence of personally identifiable information. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial guidelines: Researchers must contact the archivist at least one week in advance for access to Series 4: Academic files, Series 6: Born digital materials, and Series 7: Sheila Brady materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research except for certain materials due to FERPA and/or the presence of personally identifiable information. ","Special guidelines: Researchers must contact the archivist at least one week in advance for access to Series 4: Academic files, Series 6: Born digital materials, and Series 7: Sheila Brady materials."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2016, the collection was reappraised and reprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["In 2016, the collection was reappraised and reprocessed."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eight series. Series 1: Correspondence, 1974-2006; Series 2: Writings, circa 1977-1999; Series 3: Printed materials, 1980-2005; Series 4: Academic files, 1980-1996; Series 5: Business and personal files, 1980-2000; Series 6: Born-digital materials, undated; Series 7: Sheila Brady materials, 1975-2005; Series 8: Collected materials, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into eight series. Series 1: Correspondence, 1974-2006; Series 2: Writings, circa 1977-1999; Series 3: Printed materials, 1980-2005; Series 4: Academic files, 1980-1996; Series 5: Business and personal files, 1980-2000; Series 6: Born-digital materials, undated; Series 7: Sheila Brady materials, 1975-2005; Series 8: Collected materials, 1996."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLarry Patrick Levis was a poet and a professor of poetry. He was born on September 30, 1946 to parents\nWilliam Kent Levis and Carol Mayo Levis in Fresno, California, the youngest of four children. Levis\ngrew up on his family's ranch, a large farm of vineyards and orchards in Selma, California. During his childhood, he helped his father and the farm workers employed by the family\nwith the daily operations of the ranch.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLevis earned a bachelor's degree in English in 1968, from Fresno State College, later renamed California\nState University, Fresno, where he formed what would become a lifelong friendship with Philip Levine.\nTwo years later, he earned a master's degree in Creative Writing from Syracuse University. Following his\ngraduation, Levis became a lecturer at the University of California Los Angeles, where he taught from\n1970 to 1972. In 1972, the University of Pittsburgh Press published his first book of poems, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWrecking\nCrew\u003c/title\u003e, which won the United States Award from the International Poetry Forum. That same year he\njoined the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa where he taught and was a writing fellow\nfrom 1972 to 1974. From 1972 to 1973, Levis served as West Coast Editor of the literary magazine\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCrazyhorse\u003c/title\u003e, and in 1973, he received his first National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1974, Levis earned a doctorate in English from the University of Iowa and took a job as an assistant\nprofessor at the University of Missouri, Columbia, where he taught from 1974 to 1983. He was promoted to the rank of associate professor and was tenured in 1980, and he also served\nas co-editor and founding editor of the Missouri Review from 1978 to 1981. \nHis second book\nof poems, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Afterlife\u003c/title\u003e, was published in 1977 by the Windhover Press of the University of Iowa and the\nUniversity of Iowa Press and was awarded the Lamont Poetry Selection of the American Academy of\nPoets. \nLevis returned to the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa as a visiting poet from 1980 to 1982, and again in 1991. His third book of poems, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Dollmaker's Ghost\u003c/title\u003e, which was the winner of the Open Competition of the National Poetry Series, was published by E.P. Dutton in 1981. In 1983, Levis was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and traveled through Mexico and several countries in Europe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLevis took a position as an associate professor at the University of Utah in 1984. That same year, he\nreceived his second National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship. The University\nof Pittsburg Press released his fourth book of poems, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWinter Stars\u003c/title\u003e, in 1985. Levis was promoted to the position\nof full professor in 1988, and he served as director of Utah's Program of Creative Writing from 1988\nto 1992. Levis also served as associate editor of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWestern Humanities Review\u003c/title\u003e from 1987 to 1992.\nIn 1988, he received a Senior Fulbright Fellowship and traveled to Yugoslavia, and he was\nawarded a third National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in 1989. In 1991, the University of Pittsburgh Press\npublished Levis's fifth book of poems, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Widening Spell of the Leaves\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLevis moved to Richmond, Virginia, in 1992, having taken a job as a professor and senior poet at\nVirginia Commonwealth University. That same year, Peregrine Smith published \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Freckles\u003c/title\u003e, a book of\nLevis's short prose pieces. In 1993, Levis became director of the master's of fine arts program in Creative\nWriting at Virginia Commonwealth University. At this time, Levis was also a faculty member of the Warren Wilson College's master's of fine arts Creative Writing Program. He continued teaching and mentoring students in the low-residency program into 1996.\nOn May 9, 1996, Levis was found dead from cardiac arrest at the age of 49 in his home in the Church\nHill neighborhood of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOver the course of his career, Levis's poems were published in a number of magazines and journals\nincluding \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Poetry Review\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe New Yorker\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eField\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Review\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAntioch Review\u003c/title\u003e,\namong others. In addition to the publications noted above, Levis also had several other limited edition\nchapbooks published including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Rain's Witness\u003c/title\u003e in 1975, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Leopard's Mouth Is Dry and Cold Inside\u003c/title\u003e\nwith Marcia Southwick in 1976, and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSensationalism\u003c/title\u003e in 1983, as well as a limited edition broadside, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Two\nTrees\u003c/title\u003e, in 1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLevis has one child, Nicholas Levis, born in 1978, the son of Marcia Southwick, to whom Levis was\nmarried from 1975 to the early 1980s. He had also been married to Barbara Campbell from 1969 to 1973\nand Mary Jane Hale from 1989 to 1990.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Larry Patrick Levis was a poet and a professor of poetry. He was born on September 30, 1946 to parents\nWilliam Kent Levis and Carol Mayo Levis in Fresno, California, the youngest of four children. Levis\ngrew up on his family's ranch, a large farm of vineyards and orchards in Selma, California. During his childhood, he helped his father and the farm workers employed by the family\nwith the daily operations of the ranch.","Levis earned a bachelor's degree in English in 1968, from Fresno State College, later renamed California\nState University, Fresno, where he formed what would become a lifelong friendship with Philip Levine.\nTwo years later, he earned a master's degree in Creative Writing from Syracuse University. Following his\ngraduation, Levis became a lecturer at the University of California Los Angeles, where he taught from\n1970 to 1972. In 1972, the University of Pittsburgh Press published his first book of poems,  Wrecking\nCrew , which won the United States Award from the International Poetry Forum. That same year he\njoined the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa where he taught and was a writing fellow\nfrom 1972 to 1974. From 1972 to 1973, Levis served as West Coast Editor of the literary magazine\n Crazyhorse , and in 1973, he received his first National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship.","In 1974, Levis earned a doctorate in English from the University of Iowa and took a job as an assistant\nprofessor at the University of Missouri, Columbia, where he taught from 1974 to 1983. He was promoted to the rank of associate professor and was tenured in 1980, and he also served\nas co-editor and founding editor of the Missouri Review from 1978 to 1981. \nHis second book\nof poems,  The Afterlife , was published in 1977 by the Windhover Press of the University of Iowa and the\nUniversity of Iowa Press and was awarded the Lamont Poetry Selection of the American Academy of\nPoets. \nLevis returned to the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa as a visiting poet from 1980 to 1982, and again in 1991. His third book of poems,  The Dollmaker's Ghost , which was the winner of the Open Competition of the National Poetry Series, was published by E.P. Dutton in 1981. In 1983, Levis was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and traveled through Mexico and several countries in Europe.","Levis took a position as an associate professor at the University of Utah in 1984. That same year, he\nreceived his second National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship. The University\nof Pittsburg Press released his fourth book of poems,  Winter Stars , in 1985. Levis was promoted to the position\nof full professor in 1988, and he served as director of Utah's Program of Creative Writing from 1988\nto 1992. Levis also served as associate editor of the  Western Humanities Review  from 1987 to 1992.\nIn 1988, he received a Senior Fulbright Fellowship and traveled to Yugoslavia, and he was\nawarded a third National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in 1989. In 1991, the University of Pittsburgh Press\npublished Levis's fifth book of poems,  The Widening Spell of the Leaves .","Levis moved to Richmond, Virginia, in 1992, having taken a job as a professor and senior poet at\nVirginia Commonwealth University. That same year, Peregrine Smith published  Black Freckles , a book of\nLevis's short prose pieces. In 1993, Levis became director of the master's of fine arts program in Creative\nWriting at Virginia Commonwealth University. At this time, Levis was also a faculty member of the Warren Wilson College's master's of fine arts Creative Writing Program. He continued teaching and mentoring students in the low-residency program into 1996.\nOn May 9, 1996, Levis was found dead from cardiac arrest at the age of 49 in his home in the Church\nHill neighborhood of Richmond.","Over the course of his career, Levis's poems were published in a number of magazines and journals\nincluding  American Poetry Review ,  The New Yorker ,  Field ,  Southern Review , and  Antioch Review ,\namong others. In addition to the publications noted above, Levis also had several other limited edition\nchapbooks published including  The Rain's Witness  in 1975,  The Leopard's Mouth Is Dry and Cold Inside \nwith Marcia Southwick in 1976, and  Sensationalism  in 1983, as well as a limited edition broadside,  The Two\nTrees , in 1994.","Levis has one child, Nicholas Levis, born in 1978, the son of Marcia Southwick, to whom Levis was\nmarried from 1975 to the early 1980s. He had also been married to Barbara Campbell from 1969 to 1973\nand Mary Jane Hale from 1989 to 1990."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExtant documentation of the state in which Levis's materials were initially found following his death\nindicates that Levis likely maintain only a very rudimentary organizational system. John Venable,\nthe graduate student tasked with the organization of Levis's office papers by Levis's sister, Sheila\nBrady, noted in a letter to Brady that \"Larry's method of filing drafts and revisions of poems is,\nsimply, unlike anything I've ever seen: drafts are not dated, some drafts switch from handwriting to\ntypescript and back again, further drafts are found in other, unmarked folders.\" Venable stated that\nhe consolidated groupings of Levis's academic files and his literary materials, the latter of which\nhe subdivided into three subgroups: drafts of poems and prose both from published collections and\nunpublished works, personal and professional correspondence, and \"indecipherable\" handwritten\npages. Following this organizational effort, it is likely that the salvaged materials were transferred to\nthe custody of the New Virginia Review.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing their transfer, the exact date of which is unknown, the materials were stored, handled,\nadded to, and mailed among multiple parties, including several of Levis's friends, colleagues, and\nfamily members, who actively used the materials as they compiled, edited, and published several\nposthumous collections of Levis's work: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eElegy\u003c/title\u003e (1997), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Selected Levis\u003c/title\u003e (2000), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Gazer Within\u003c/title\u003e\n(2001), and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Darkening Trapeze\u003c/title\u003e (2016), as well as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCondition of the Spirit\u003c/title\u003e (2004), a compilation of\nLevis's essays and writings about Levis by others.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDetails of this collaborative process are described by David St. John in his afterword to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe\nDarkening Trapeze\u003c/title\u003e. He notes that content was pulled from Levis's computers and his home office\nin addition to his university office, and that the endeavor to collect and organize Levis's drafts was\nled by Mary Flinn, Gregory Donovan, and Amy Tudor, the three of whom also collaboratively\ndetermined which were the most recent drafts of given poems among those found. Editing of the\nresulting posthumous volumes was variously completed by Philip Levine, David St. John, James\nMarshall, Andrew Miller, John Venable, Mary Flinn, and Christopher Buckley. All posthumous\npublications were created either at the request or with the permission of Levis estate administrator\nSheila Brady.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials pertaining to the compilation of these works seems to have been added to the collection\nduring this time. It is clear, judging from David St. John's account as well as notations on folders,\nenvelopes, and sticky notes found during the reappraisal process, that the collection's intermediary\ncustodians sorted the materials in order to facilitate their use, though it is unknown how many\nseparate attempts at arrangement were made before the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Extant documentation of the state in which Levis's materials were initially found following his death\nindicates that Levis likely maintain only a very rudimentary organizational system. John Venable,\nthe graduate student tasked with the organization of Levis's office papers by Levis's sister, Sheila\nBrady, noted in a letter to Brady that \"Larry's method of filing drafts and revisions of poems is,\nsimply, unlike anything I've ever seen: drafts are not dated, some drafts switch from handwriting to\ntypescript and back again, further drafts are found in other, unmarked folders.\" Venable stated that\nhe consolidated groupings of Levis's academic files and his literary materials, the latter of which\nhe subdivided into three subgroups: drafts of poems and prose both from published collections and\nunpublished works, personal and professional correspondence, and \"indecipherable\" handwritten\npages. Following this organizational effort, it is likely that the salvaged materials were transferred to\nthe custody of the New Virginia Review.","Following their transfer, the exact date of which is unknown, the materials were stored, handled,\nadded to, and mailed among multiple parties, including several of Levis's friends, colleagues, and\nfamily members, who actively used the materials as they compiled, edited, and published several\nposthumous collections of Levis's work:  Elegy  (1997),  The Selected Levis  (2000),  The Gazer Within \n(2001), and  The Darkening Trapeze  (2016), as well as  Condition of the Spirit  (2004), a compilation of\nLevis's essays and writings about Levis by others.","Details of this collaborative process are described by David St. John in his afterword to  The\nDarkening Trapeze . He notes that content was pulled from Levis's computers and his home office\nin addition to his university office, and that the endeavor to collect and organize Levis's drafts was\nled by Mary Flinn, Gregory Donovan, and Amy Tudor, the three of whom also collaboratively\ndetermined which were the most recent drafts of given poems among those found. Editing of the\nresulting posthumous volumes was variously completed by Philip Levine, David St. John, James\nMarshall, Andrew Miller, John Venable, Mary Flinn, and Christopher Buckley. All posthumous\npublications were created either at the request or with the permission of Levis estate administrator\nSheila Brady.","Materials pertaining to the compilation of these works seems to have been added to the collection\nduring this time. It is clear, judging from David St. John's account as well as notations on folders,\nenvelopes, and sticky notes found during the reappraisal process, that the collection's intermediary\ncustodians sorted the materials in order to facilitate their use, though it is unknown how many\nseparate attempts at arrangement were made before the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn digital materials are housed on 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Born digital materials are housed on 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhen the collection was originally processed by VCU Special Collections and Archives in 2013, staff\nfound virtually no evidence of original order, and so an order was imposed at that time. Writings by\nLevis were organized chronologically and correspondence was arranged alphabetically. Materials\ndocumenting Levis's academic career were organized by institution, and his personal effects and\nposthumous materials were arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 2013 processing of the collection, materials acquired through a separate donation by Sheila\nBrady in 2011 were interfiled into the materials purchased in 2009. As provenance information was\nretained by that processor at the folder level, it was possible during the 2016 reprocessing effort\nto separate and arrange the materials donated by Brady into a single series, Series 7: Sheila Brady\nmaterials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials which seems to have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady have been grouped into Series 8: Collected materials during the 2016 reprocessing. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection, should they occur.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing, where order was discernable, whether it may be the result\nof Levis's design or that of the collection's custodians following his death, all efforts have been made to\npreserve it. This was done because any such order may hold clues to the creator's intent,\nwhether that order had been established by Levis himself or by those who knew him well and therefore may\nhave possessed unique insights into his creative process. Where order was found to be lacking, an\narrangement was imposed on the collection in order to facilitate intellectual control and access.\nThis imposition of order consisted of grouping materials either by record type or provenance, where\npossible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEvidence of arrangement attempts made by Levis's colleagues and family after his death has been\nretained as much as possible through preservation photocopying of notes and the inclusion of relevant\ndescriptive information added by those other than Levis in folder titles placed within brackets. These retained notes include location information, description of content, and,\nfor some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["When the collection was originally processed by VCU Special Collections and Archives in 2013, staff\nfound virtually no evidence of original order, and so an order was imposed at that time. Writings by\nLevis were organized chronologically and correspondence was arranged alphabetically. Materials\ndocumenting Levis's academic career were organized by institution, and his personal effects and\nposthumous materials were arranged by material type.","During the 2013 processing of the collection, materials acquired through a separate donation by Sheila\nBrady in 2011 were interfiled into the materials purchased in 2009. As provenance information was\nretained by that processor at the folder level, it was possible during the 2016 reprocessing effort\nto separate and arrange the materials donated by Brady into a single series, Series 7: Sheila Brady\nmaterials. ","Materials which seems to have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady have been grouped into Series 8: Collected materials during the 2016 reprocessing. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection, should they occur.","During the 2016 reappraisal and reprocessing, where order was discernable, whether it may be the result\nof Levis's design or that of the collection's custodians following his death, all efforts have been made to\npreserve it. This was done because any such order may hold clues to the creator's intent,\nwhether that order had been established by Levis himself or by those who knew him well and therefore may\nhave possessed unique insights into his creative process. Where order was found to be lacking, an\narrangement was imposed on the collection in order to facilitate intellectual control and access.\nThis imposition of order consisted of grouping materials either by record type or provenance, where\npossible.","Evidence of arrangement attempts made by Levis's colleagues and family after his death has been\nretained as much as possible through preservation photocopying of notes and the inclusion of relevant\ndescriptive information added by those other than Levis in folder titles placed within brackets. These retained notes include location information, description of content, and,\nfor some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Larry Levis papers consist of materials created and accumulated by Levis, his colleagues, and members of his family. Materials date from 1974 to 2006 and document Levis's literary career and legacy, his career in academia, and aspects of his personal life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe great majority of Series 1: Correspondence is made up of letters, cards, notes, and postcards received by Levis as well as a lesser number of letters written by Levis. Correspondents include friends, colleagues, family members, and editors. These letters provide insight into Levis's personal and professional relationships. The folder of unidentified correspondence holds materials lacking an identifiable correspondent as these letters, cards, and postcards are marked with only a first name, illegible signatures, or no name at all. Miscellaneous envelopes are those that do not correspond with a letter or card in the series. Also found in this series are sets of correspondence in which Levis was neither the sender nor the recipient. These include the correspondence of James Marshall, Mary Flinn, and a set of other correspondence that includes single instances of exchanges between unique pairs of individuals. Most folders in this series hold only a few pieces of correspondence, with the exception of correspondence with Philip Levine which is substantial, but consists largely of photocopies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Writings, the largest series in this collection, is broken into three subseries: Subseries 2.1: Collected works, Subseries 2.2: Other works, and Subseries 2.3: Writings of others. These materials illuminate aspects of Levis's creative process, his professional and artistic relationships with peers, and the evolution of his literary career and legacy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.1: Collected works makes up the bulk of this series and consists of drafts of Levis's writing, including drafts of individual poetry and prose pieces, manuscript drafts of collected works, journals, and unarranged or unidentified poem and prose drafts, many of which are handwritten. Some drafts include comments of Levis's colleagues, including Philip Levine. Content related to Levis's early works and limited edition publications is largely absent. Best represented are the works \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Dollmaker's Ghost\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWinter Stars\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Widening Spell of the Leaves\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBlack Freckles\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eElegy\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Gazer Within\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvidence of posthumous arrangement activities is most prominent in this subseries, and all efforts have been made to preserve it as it may hold clues to the creator's intent. Preservation photocopies of sticky notes and notes written on envelopes are included in their corresponding folders. Descriptive information added by those other than Levis has been included in folder titles placed within brackets. The retained notations give location information, description of content, and, for some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDrafts of poems and prose not identified and grouped with a specific collected volume have been placed in Subseries 2.2: Other works. Though the majority of these folders lacked distinct titles indicating why certain materials were placed in a folder together at the time of processing, there may be unknown meaning to their arrangement. Therefore, these items have been kept in their original folder groupings. Drafts marked at \"unidentified\" could not be identified in terms of genre. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in Subseries 2.3: Writings of others include drafts or otherwise unpublished versions of poetry and prose pieces by other individuals. Some pieces are about Levis, while others were, presumably, acquired by Levis or his associates at some point.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn this series, many copies of poem drafts, including a number of the drafts for the collected work \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eElegy\u003c/title\u003e as well as unidentified drafts are photocopies. Dates given on folders holding these materials reflect the dates of the original content, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Printed materials contains published poems, articles, and interviews by Levis and others as well as advertisements, flyers, and other printed ephemera. Items in this series provide examples of Levis's public presence, analysis and interpretation of his work in the press, and works by others that Levis or his associates acquired and retained. Published works by Levis are identified first by genre, then by title, whereas works by others are identified by the name of the author, then by title. Materials grouped by type include advertisements mentioning Levis, articles and press releases about Levis, articles about Philip Levine, postcards, and reviews. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in Series 4: Academic files include academic administrative materials, course materials, student correspondence, and student work that document aspects of Levis's life in academia, his roles as a professor, and his approach to teaching. The bulk of materials in this series pertain to Levis's work with Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College. Academic materials that do not indicate an institution have been labeled as unidentified. Administrative materials include department correspondence and policy documents, employment forms, and similar materials. Course materials encompass syllabi, photocopied readings, and other materials related to the preparation and delivery of instruction. Correspondence with students, attendance and grade sheets, and submitted student work may be protected under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Business and personal files holds appointment books, personal effects, photographs, audiovisual materials, awards, and other materials of a personal or professional nature that are not primarily made up of correspondence or writings. These items provide insight into Levis's personal life and also document his memorial services. Personal materials, such as photographs, lacking contextual information have been labeled as unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe disks in Series 6: Born-digital materials hold content created by Levis or his associates on a variety of topics. It is likely that some portion of the born-digital materials currently housed on these 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks is duplicated in the paper records, although the extent of this duplication is unknown at this time. Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for generation of access copies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Sheila Brady papers consists of materials donated by Brady, Levis's sister, in 2011. During the 2013 processing of the collection, these materials were interfiled into the materials previously purchased from Nicholas Levis. Notation made by the processor at the time enabled the separation of these files during the 2016 reprocessing effort into their own series. In terms of subject and content, materials in this series run the gamut of the collection as a whole. Materials include academic files from Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College; correspondence with colleagues of Levis, publishers, academic institutions, family, and friends; personal effects; obituaries; various printed materials and reviews; drafts and manuscripts of Levis collected works; and writings by others. Access to materials that may be protected by FERPA must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Collected materials holds items which have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady. Currently, this includes a set of posters. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Larry Levis papers consist of materials created and accumulated by Levis, his colleagues, and members of his family. Materials date from 1974 to 2006 and document Levis's literary career and legacy, his career in academia, and aspects of his personal life. ","The great majority of Series 1: Correspondence is made up of letters, cards, notes, and postcards received by Levis as well as a lesser number of letters written by Levis. Correspondents include friends, colleagues, family members, and editors. These letters provide insight into Levis's personal and professional relationships. The folder of unidentified correspondence holds materials lacking an identifiable correspondent as these letters, cards, and postcards are marked with only a first name, illegible signatures, or no name at all. Miscellaneous envelopes are those that do not correspond with a letter or card in the series. Also found in this series are sets of correspondence in which Levis was neither the sender nor the recipient. These include the correspondence of James Marshall, Mary Flinn, and a set of other correspondence that includes single instances of exchanges between unique pairs of individuals. Most folders in this series hold only a few pieces of correspondence, with the exception of correspondence with Philip Levine which is substantial, but consists largely of photocopies.","Series 2: Writings, the largest series in this collection, is broken into three subseries: Subseries 2.1: Collected works, Subseries 2.2: Other works, and Subseries 2.3: Writings of others. These materials illuminate aspects of Levis's creative process, his professional and artistic relationships with peers, and the evolution of his literary career and legacy. ","Subseries 2.1: Collected works makes up the bulk of this series and consists of drafts of Levis's writing, including drafts of individual poetry and prose pieces, manuscript drafts of collected works, journals, and unarranged or unidentified poem and prose drafts, many of which are handwritten. Some drafts include comments of Levis's colleagues, including Philip Levine. Content related to Levis's early works and limited edition publications is largely absent. Best represented are the works  The Dollmaker's Ghost ,  Winter Stars ,  The Widening Spell of the Leaves ,  Black Freckles ,  Elegy , and  The Gazer Within . ","Evidence of posthumous arrangement activities is most prominent in this subseries, and all efforts have been made to preserve it as it may hold clues to the creator's intent. Preservation photocopies of sticky notes and notes written on envelopes are included in their corresponding folders. Descriptive information added by those other than Levis has been included in folder titles placed within brackets. The retained notations give location information, description of content, and, for some collected works, numerical or potentially sequential identification of drafts.","Drafts of poems and prose not identified and grouped with a specific collected volume have been placed in Subseries 2.2: Other works. Though the majority of these folders lacked distinct titles indicating why certain materials were placed in a folder together at the time of processing, there may be unknown meaning to their arrangement. Therefore, these items have been kept in their original folder groupings. Drafts marked at \"unidentified\" could not be identified in terms of genre. ","Materials in Subseries 2.3: Writings of others include drafts or otherwise unpublished versions of poetry and prose pieces by other individuals. Some pieces are about Levis, while others were, presumably, acquired by Levis or his associates at some point.","In this series, many copies of poem drafts, including a number of the drafts for the collected work  Elegy  as well as unidentified drafts are photocopies. Dates given on folders holding these materials reflect the dates of the original content, when provided.","Series 3: Printed materials contains published poems, articles, and interviews by Levis and others as well as advertisements, flyers, and other printed ephemera. Items in this series provide examples of Levis's public presence, analysis and interpretation of his work in the press, and works by others that Levis or his associates acquired and retained. Published works by Levis are identified first by genre, then by title, whereas works by others are identified by the name of the author, then by title. Materials grouped by type include advertisements mentioning Levis, articles and press releases about Levis, articles about Philip Levine, postcards, and reviews. ","Materials in Series 4: Academic files include academic administrative materials, course materials, student correspondence, and student work that document aspects of Levis's life in academia, his roles as a professor, and his approach to teaching. The bulk of materials in this series pertain to Levis's work with Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College. Academic materials that do not indicate an institution have been labeled as unidentified. Administrative materials include department correspondence and policy documents, employment forms, and similar materials. Course materials encompass syllabi, photocopied readings, and other materials related to the preparation and delivery of instruction. Correspondence with students, attendance and grade sheets, and submitted student work may be protected under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.","Series 5: Business and personal files holds appointment books, personal effects, photographs, audiovisual materials, awards, and other materials of a personal or professional nature that are not primarily made up of correspondence or writings. These items provide insight into Levis's personal life and also document his memorial services. Personal materials, such as photographs, lacking contextual information have been labeled as unidentified.","The disks in Series 6: Born-digital materials hold content created by Levis or his associates on a variety of topics. It is likely that some portion of the born-digital materials currently housed on these 3.5 and 4.25 inch floppy disks is duplicated in the paper records, although the extent of this duplication is unknown at this time. Access to these materials must be requested in advance to allow for generation of access copies.","Series 7: Sheila Brady papers consists of materials donated by Brady, Levis's sister, in 2011. During the 2013 processing of the collection, these materials were interfiled into the materials previously purchased from Nicholas Levis. Notation made by the processor at the time enabled the separation of these files during the 2016 reprocessing effort into their own series. In terms of subject and content, materials in this series run the gamut of the collection as a whole. Materials include academic files from Virginia Commonwealth University and Warren Wilson College; correspondence with colleagues of Levis, publishers, academic institutions, family, and friends; personal effects; obituaries; various printed materials and reviews; drafts and manuscripts of Levis collected works; and writings by others. Access to materials that may be protected by FERPA must be requested in advance to allow for review by the archivist.","Series 8: Collected materials holds items which have a provenance distinct from the 2009 purchase from Nicholas Levis and the 2011 donation of Sheila Brady. Currently, this includes a set of posters. This series will also encompass any future accruals to the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Levis, Larry, 1946-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Levis, Larry, 1946-1996"],"persname_ssim":["Levis, Larry, 1946-1996"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":558,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_224_c01_c117"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_265","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Theresa Pollak papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_265#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_265#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_265#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_265","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_265","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_265","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_265","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_265.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pollak, Theresa, papers","title_ssm":["Theresa Pollak papers"],"title_tesim":["Theresa Pollak papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 5","/repositories/5/resources/265"],"text":["M 5","/repositories/5/resources/265","Theresa Pollak papers","Women artists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women painters -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is available for research.","Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials.","Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.","Born 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.","In 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.","A noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002.","The Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. 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Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.","Born 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.","In 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.","A noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheresa Pollak papers, Collection # M 5, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Theresa Pollak papers, Collection # M 5, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives","Lang Leback, Chloe"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. 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Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials.","Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.","Born 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.","In 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.","A noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002.","The Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives","Lang Leback, Chloe","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 5","/repositories/5/resources/265"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Theresa Pollak papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Theresa Pollak papers"],"collection_ssim":["Theresa Pollak papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002"],"creator_ssim":["Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002"],"creators_ssim":["Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women artists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women painters -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women artists -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women painters -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["9 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is available for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is available for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. Organized into the following seven series: 1. Personal Materials, 1931-1986; Series 2 Correspondence, 1938-1987; Series 3 Richmond Professional Institute and Virginia Commonwealth University, 1946-1975; Series 4 Artistic Career, 1928-1976; Series 5 Photographs; Series 6 Year Books, 1917-1921; Series 7 Oversize Materials; and Series 8 Additional Materials."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Theresa Pollak (1899-2002) was one of Virginia's most well-known artists and art educators. She was instrumental in the founding of Virginia Commonwealth University's School of the Arts. A native of Richmond, Virginia, Pollak was a nationally recognized painter whose art works have been exhibited in institutions as the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York, the Museum of Fine Art in Boston, and the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D. C. More importantly, Pollak is credited with the introduction of modern art to Richmond.","Born 13 August 1899, Pollak graduated from Westhampton College of the University of Richmond. In 1920 she was accepted at the Art Students League of New York, and with the support of Dr. Orie Latham Hatcher, who helped her get a tuition scholarship, she was able to continue her work at the League after graduating from Westhampton in 1921. During Pollak's stay in New York, one of her drawings was awarded the first prize at the Studio club of New York (1926). She continued her training with post-graduate work at the Fogg Museum of Harvard University, and later she studied at the Hans Hoffmann School of Painting in Provincetown, Massachusetts.","In 1928 Pollak became the first full time art teacher at Richmond Professional Institute (RPI), at that time a division of William and Mary College. Two years later she also helped start an art program at Westhampton College. In 1935 she began teaching full time at RPI and devoted much of her other time to her own work. A year after RPI merged in 1968 with the Medical College of Virginia to become Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Pollak retired from the school. In 1971, the newly completed fine arts building on what is now the Monroe Park campus of VCU was named in her honor. Her forty-one year teaching career influenced generations of Virginia artists.","A noted Virginia artist with paintings in the permanent collections of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the University of Virginia, Mary Baldwin College, and in numerous private collections, Pollak's paintings are part of the Permanent Research Collection at Virginia Commonwealth University's Anderson Gallery. She died at the age of 103 on 18 September 2002."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTheresa Pollak papers, Collection # M 5, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Theresa Pollak papers, Collection # M 5, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Theresa Pollak Papers consists of materials covering Miss Pollak's academic and artistic career from 1917 to 1988 (primarily 1940s-1980s). Of particular note are the materials and correspondence Miss Pollak gathered about her major instructors influencing her artistic work, Allen Tucker and Hans Hoffmann. Also included in the collection are Christmas cards designed by Miss Pollak's former students and fellow faculty members and photographs of Miss Pollak's work and from her 1986 exhibit at the Anderson Gallery. A collection of slides of T. Pollak's works are available in box 20."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives","Lang Leback, Chloe"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Virginia Commonwealth University. School of the Arts -- Archives -- Faculty","Richmond Professional Institute -- Archives -- Faculty"],"persname_ssim":["Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002","Pollak, Theresa, 1899-2002 -- Archives","Lang Leback, Chloe"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":298,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_265"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09_c309","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09_c309#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09_c309","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09_c309"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09_c309","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","vircu_repositories_5_resources_556_c09"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records","Education"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records","Education"],"text":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records","Education","The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan","box A37"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan","title_ssm":["The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan"],"title_tesim":["The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["March 22, 1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Richmond Canals: A Conceptual Master Plan"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1496,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Materials in Series II, Box 6 are restricted."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1988],"containers_ssim":["box A37"],"_nest_path_":"/components#8/components#308","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:33.324Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_556","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_556.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 303","/repositories/5/resources/556"],"text":["M 303","/repositories/5/resources/556","Richmond Renaissance Inc. records","Materials in Series II, Box 6 are restricted.","The first deposit of the collection, consisting of about one third of the materials, was deposited to Special Collections and Archives (SCA) in transfile boxes labeled by subject (i.e. Jackson Ward, Sixth Street Marketplace). The collection was arranged to reflect this subject division, arranged topically by series and alphabetically therein. The second deposit of the collection has not been fully processed although it is inventoried and is accessible to researchers. Materials in this section of the archives will eventually be transferred to the appropriate collection series. Most of the original office folder headings have been maintained in the processing of this collection.","The collection is divided into seven series. Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992) consists of materials relating to the redevelopment of Jackson Ward, a historic African-American Richmond neighborhood. This series also contains information on Broad Street, the Church Hill neighborhood, and other downtown revitalization initiatives. Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991) is composed of material on various projects associated with the city's Riverfront area, including the Canal Walk, Belle Isle, and the James River Discovery Program. Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986) documents the early years of the Sixth Street Marketplace project, from its planning stages to the first few years of its existence. Series IV--General Office Files and Correspondence (n.d., 1982-1989) contains the organization's general office file and correspondence. This series also contains material relating to projects other than those in the first three sections of the collection."," Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990) includes publications produced by the city, the state, the federal government, numerous organizations and publishers -- all relating to urban and regional planning. Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991) contains photographs, slides, and other media documenting many of the organization's endeavors -- including about three dozen large poster size placards used for presentations on Broad Street buildings and other redevelopment projects. The last series in the collection, Series VII, is made up of the second deposit of materials made by Richmond Renaissance, Inc. and includes materials found in the previous six sections of the collection. These materials date in range from 1969-1995 and will be placed in the appropriate sections of the collection in the future."," Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992)"," Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991)"," Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986);"," Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990)"," Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991)"," Series VII--Unprocessed Portion of Collection (n.d., 1969-1995)","Richmond Renaissance Inc. is a non-profit, bi-racial, public-private corporation formed in 1981 to foster economic development in downtown Richmond. Its first major project was the 6th Street Marketplace, which opened in 1985. Revitalization of Richmond's historic Jackson Ward neighborhood and improvements to the city's downtown riverfront property were two other major initiatives in which Richmond Renaissance has played an active role. Richmond Renaissance has been involved with other projects, including the Jackson Center office building, the Belle Isle pedestrian bridge and Canal Walk, increased downtown parking, the Cultural Link Trolley Project, the Broad Street Task Force and numerous other efforts to foster economic development"," The role and direction of Richmond Renaissance is overseen by its officers, many of whom are city officials, and a large board of directors (64 members in 1997). The board is comprised of prominent citizens, members of the business community, and various other city representatives. The Executive Committee manages the organization and includes members of the board, officers, and members of the Executive Staff. It is the Executive Staff which manages the day to day activities. The first Executive Director was J. Randall Evans, who served from October 1982 until December 1986. Clarence L. Townes, Jr. was the Deputy Director during that time. Townes then served as acting director from December 1986 to August 1987 when Robert E. Olson was named Executive Director. Townes continued as Deputy Director. In November 1991 Olson left to become Executive Director of the Virginia Biotechnology Research Park and Mr. Townes was named Executive Director."," In the fall of 1996, Richmond Renaissance Inc. merged with two other city organizations that had been promoting economic development in Richmond, the Central Richmond Association (CRA), begun in the early 1950s, and Downtown Richmond Inc. The merger was described as an attempt to unify \"fund-raising efforts and to more effectively address Downtown issues.\" Townes continues in his position as Executive Director after the merger. Frances N. Johns, former director of CRA, was appointed Assistant Executive Director of Richmond Renaissance.","Collection processed in May 1997.","The Richmond Renaissance Archives include correspondence, minutes, newspaper and journal clippings, various publications, reports, photographs, slides, and various promotional materials dating from 1956 through 1995. The bulk of the collection dates from 1982 through 1994 and focuses on Richmond Renaissance's activities to foster downtown Richmond revitalization. The collection documents the organization's involvement with a number of initiatives in the city, including the development of the city's riverfront properties, redevelopment of the downtown area, including Broad Street, and Jackson Ward neighborhood, and its planning, promotion and leadership in the development of the Sixth Street Marketplace.","The are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 303","/repositories/5/resources/556"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The first donation from Richmond Renaissance Inc. Executive Director Clarence L. Townes, Jr. was made October 11, 1996, consisting of approximately 33 linear feet. A second donation from Richmond Renaissance Inc. occurred two years later, October 10, 1996, when the organization merged that month with the Central Richmond Association and Downtown Richmond Inc. This second donation consisted of 120 linear feet (many of which were oversize items, including posters and other large display materials)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["80 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["80 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in Series II, Box 6 are restricted.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Materials in Series II, Box 6 are restricted."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe first deposit of the collection, consisting of about one third of the materials, was deposited to Special Collections and Archives (SCA) in transfile boxes labeled by subject (i.e. Jackson Ward, Sixth Street Marketplace). The collection was arranged to reflect this subject division, arranged topically by series and alphabetically therein. The second deposit of the collection has not been fully processed although it is inventoried and is accessible to researchers. Materials in this section of the archives will eventually be transferred to the appropriate collection series. Most of the original office folder headings have been maintained in the processing of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into seven series. Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992) consists of materials relating to the redevelopment of Jackson Ward, a historic African-American Richmond neighborhood. This series also contains information on Broad Street, the Church Hill neighborhood, and other downtown revitalization initiatives. Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991) is composed of material on various projects associated with the city's Riverfront area, including the Canal Walk, Belle Isle, and the James River Discovery Program. Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986) documents the early years of the Sixth Street Marketplace project, from its planning stages to the first few years of its existence. Series IV--General Office Files and Correspondence (n.d., 1982-1989) contains the organization's general office file and correspondence. This series also contains material relating to projects other than those in the first three sections of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990) includes publications produced by the city, the state, the federal government, numerous organizations and publishers -- all relating to urban and regional planning. Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991) contains photographs, slides, and other media documenting many of the organization's endeavors -- including about three dozen large poster size placards used for presentations on Broad Street buildings and other redevelopment projects. The last series in the collection, Series VII, is made up of the second deposit of materials made by Richmond Renaissance, Inc. and includes materials found in the previous six sections of the collection. These materials date in range from 1969-1995 and will be placed in the appropriate sections of the collection in the future.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986);\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Series VII--Unprocessed Portion of Collection (n.d., 1969-1995)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The first deposit of the collection, consisting of about one third of the materials, was deposited to Special Collections and Archives (SCA) in transfile boxes labeled by subject (i.e. Jackson Ward, Sixth Street Marketplace). The collection was arranged to reflect this subject division, arranged topically by series and alphabetically therein. The second deposit of the collection has not been fully processed although it is inventoried and is accessible to researchers. Materials in this section of the archives will eventually be transferred to the appropriate collection series. Most of the original office folder headings have been maintained in the processing of this collection.","The collection is divided into seven series. Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992) consists of materials relating to the redevelopment of Jackson Ward, a historic African-American Richmond neighborhood. This series also contains information on Broad Street, the Church Hill neighborhood, and other downtown revitalization initiatives. Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991) is composed of material on various projects associated with the city's Riverfront area, including the Canal Walk, Belle Isle, and the James River Discovery Program. Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986) documents the early years of the Sixth Street Marketplace project, from its planning stages to the first few years of its existence. Series IV--General Office Files and Correspondence (n.d., 1982-1989) contains the organization's general office file and correspondence. This series also contains material relating to projects other than those in the first three sections of the collection."," Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990) includes publications produced by the city, the state, the federal government, numerous organizations and publishers -- all relating to urban and regional planning. Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991) contains photographs, slides, and other media documenting many of the organization's endeavors -- including about three dozen large poster size placards used for presentations on Broad Street buildings and other redevelopment projects. The last series in the collection, Series VII, is made up of the second deposit of materials made by Richmond Renaissance, Inc. and includes materials found in the previous six sections of the collection. These materials date in range from 1969-1995 and will be placed in the appropriate sections of the collection in the future."," Series I--Jackson Ward (n.d., 1964-1992)"," Series II--Riverfront (n.d., 1983-1991)"," Series III--Sixth Street Marketplace (n.d., 1956-1986);"," Series V--Miscellaneous Reports and Publications (n.d., 1980-1990)"," Series VI--Photographs, Slides, Video and Audio Tapes (n.d., 1984-1991)"," Series VII--Unprocessed Portion of Collection (n.d., 1969-1995)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond Renaissance Inc. is a non-profit, bi-racial, public-private corporation formed in 1981 to foster economic development in downtown Richmond. Its first major project was the 6th Street Marketplace, which opened in 1985. Revitalization of Richmond's historic Jackson Ward neighborhood and improvements to the city's downtown riverfront property were two other major initiatives in which Richmond Renaissance has played an active role. Richmond Renaissance has been involved with other projects, including the Jackson Center office building, the Belle Isle pedestrian bridge and Canal Walk, increased downtown parking, the Cultural Link Trolley Project, the Broad Street Task Force and numerous other efforts to foster economic development\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The role and direction of Richmond Renaissance is overseen by its officers, many of whom are city officials, and a large board of directors (64 members in 1997). The board is comprised of prominent citizens, members of the business community, and various other city representatives. The Executive Committee manages the organization and includes members of the board, officers, and members of the Executive Staff. It is the Executive Staff which manages the day to day activities. The first Executive Director was J. Randall Evans, who served from October 1982 until December 1986. Clarence L. Townes, Jr. was the Deputy Director during that time. Townes then served as acting director from December 1986 to August 1987 when Robert E. Olson was named Executive Director. Townes continued as Deputy Director. In November 1991 Olson left to become Executive Director of the Virginia Biotechnology Research Park and Mr. Townes was named Executive Director.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In the fall of 1996, Richmond Renaissance Inc. merged with two other city organizations that had been promoting economic development in Richmond, the Central Richmond Association (CRA), begun in the early 1950s, and Downtown Richmond Inc. The merger was described as an attempt to unify \"fund-raising efforts and to more effectively address Downtown issues.\" Townes continues in his position as Executive Director after the merger. Frances N. Johns, former director of CRA, was appointed Assistant Executive Director of Richmond Renaissance.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond Renaissance Inc. is a non-profit, bi-racial, public-private corporation formed in 1981 to foster economic development in downtown Richmond. Its first major project was the 6th Street Marketplace, which opened in 1985. Revitalization of Richmond's historic Jackson Ward neighborhood and improvements to the city's downtown riverfront property were two other major initiatives in which Richmond Renaissance has played an active role. Richmond Renaissance has been involved with other projects, including the Jackson Center office building, the Belle Isle pedestrian bridge and Canal Walk, increased downtown parking, the Cultural Link Trolley Project, the Broad Street Task Force and numerous other efforts to foster economic development"," The role and direction of Richmond Renaissance is overseen by its officers, many of whom are city officials, and a large board of directors (64 members in 1997). The board is comprised of prominent citizens, members of the business community, and various other city representatives. The Executive Committee manages the organization and includes members of the board, officers, and members of the Executive Staff. It is the Executive Staff which manages the day to day activities. The first Executive Director was J. Randall Evans, who served from October 1982 until December 1986. Clarence L. Townes, Jr. was the Deputy Director during that time. Townes then served as acting director from December 1986 to August 1987 when Robert E. Olson was named Executive Director. Townes continued as Deputy Director. In November 1991 Olson left to become Executive Director of the Virginia Biotechnology Research Park and Mr. Townes was named Executive Director."," In the fall of 1996, Richmond Renaissance Inc. merged with two other city organizations that had been promoting economic development in Richmond, the Central Richmond Association (CRA), begun in the early 1950s, and Downtown Richmond Inc. The merger was described as an attempt to unify \"fund-raising efforts and to more effectively address Downtown issues.\" Townes continues in his position as Executive Director after the merger. Frances N. Johns, former director of CRA, was appointed Assistant Executive Director of Richmond Renaissance."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, M 303, Richmond Renaissance Inc. Archives, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, M 303, Richmond Renaissance Inc. Archives, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection processed in May 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Collection processed in May 1997."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Renaissance Archives include correspondence, minutes, newspaper and journal clippings, various publications, reports, photographs, slides, and various promotional materials dating from 1956 through 1995. The bulk of the collection dates from 1982 through 1994 and focuses on Richmond Renaissance's activities to foster downtown Richmond revitalization. The collection documents the organization's involvement with a number of initiatives in the city, including the development of the city's riverfront properties, redevelopment of the downtown area, including Broad Street, and Jackson Ward neighborhood, and its planning, promotion and leadership in the development of the Sixth Street Marketplace.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Richmond Renaissance Archives include correspondence, minutes, newspaper and journal clippings, various publications, reports, photographs, slides, and various promotional materials dating from 1956 through 1995. The bulk of the collection dates from 1982 through 1994 and focuses on Richmond Renaissance's activities to foster downtown Richmond revitalization. The collection documents the organization's involvement with a number of initiatives in the city, including the development of the city's riverfront properties, redevelopment of the downtown area, including Broad Street, and Jackson Ward neighborhood, and its planning, promotion and leadership in the development of the Sixth Street Marketplace."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Boxes 2 through 4 are oversized.","Hilda Yates Warden was born and raised in Richmond, Virginia. She attended public schools in Richmond. In 1935, she graduated from Virginia Union University. Warden was working for the Richmond Department of Welfare by 1950 when African Americans were just beginning to be hired as supervisors in the Department. Warden realized that she needed to further her education to be promoted to a supervisor. Seeking opportunities for professional growth in the field of social work, the former school teacher decided to start by taking one class in social work. She applied to Richmond Professional Institute (later VCU) but was told that she was not allowed to apply because the administration at RPI had not made a decision on whether to admit African Americans. Other part-time students (white students) only had to fill out a short application to apply, while Warden was required to fill out a full time application. After having to go through so much turmoil, she decided to go ahead and apply for full-time status. Warden was quietly admitted to the school of Social Work at RPI along with four other African American students in 1951. She went on to get her Master of Science degree in Rehabilitation Counseling at RPI in 1964. After getting the MS in Rehabilitation Counseling, she was hired at Virginia Union University (VUU) as a counselor where she worked for approximately eleven years. In her position at VUU, she directed several federal programs. She held positions with the Richmond Committee of Black Social Workers, Offender Aid and Restoration, and the Virginia Commission on Human Relations. Upon leaving VUU, Warden worked at the Richmond Department for Aging from 1976 to 1983. Since 1984, she has been working as a legislative assistant to Senator Yvonne Miller.","The collection includes minutes, correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, various publications and other materials related to Warden's interests in civil rights and prisoner treatment. The materials date from the mid-1960s until the mid-2000s although the bulk of the collection is from 1969-1971. A significant portion of the collection is comprised of materials from her activities within the Virginia Commission on Human Relations, Richmond Y.W.C.A., and Offender Aid and Restoration. The collection also contains some items related to her husband George Warden's work at the Manhattan For Hire Car Corporation.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). Commission on Human Relations","Offender Aid and Restoration of Richmond, Inc","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Warden, Hilda Yates","Warden, Hilda Yates -- Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 376","/repositories/5/resources/190"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hilda Yates Warden papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hilda Yates Warden papers"],"collection_ssim":["Hilda Yates Warden papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Warden, Hilda Yates"],"creator_ssim":["Warden, Hilda Yates"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Warden, Hilda Yates"],"creators_ssim":["Warden, Hilda Yates"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil rights workers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social workers -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil rights workers -- Virginia -- Richmond","Social workers -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is in alphabetical order. Boxes 2 through 4 are oversized.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is in alphabetical order. Boxes 2 through 4 are oversized."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHilda Yates Warden was born and raised in Richmond, Virginia. She attended public schools in Richmond. In 1935, she graduated from Virginia Union University. Warden was working for the Richmond Department of Welfare by 1950 when African Americans were just beginning to be hired as supervisors in the Department. Warden realized that she needed to further her education to be promoted to a supervisor. Seeking opportunities for professional growth in the field of social work, the former school teacher decided to start by taking one class in social work. She applied to Richmond Professional Institute (later VCU) but was told that she was not allowed to apply because the administration at RPI had not made a decision on whether to admit African Americans. Other part-time students (white students) only had to fill out a short application to apply, while Warden was required to fill out a full time application. After having to go through so much turmoil, she decided to go ahead and apply for full-time status. Warden was quietly admitted to the school of Social Work at RPI along with four other African American students in 1951. She went on to get her Master of Science degree in Rehabilitation Counseling at RPI in 1964. After getting the MS in Rehabilitation Counseling, she was hired at Virginia Union University (VUU) as a counselor where she worked for approximately eleven years. In her position at VUU, she directed several federal programs. She held positions with the Richmond Committee of Black Social Workers, Offender Aid and Restoration, and the Virginia Commission on Human Relations. Upon leaving VUU, Warden worked at the Richmond Department for Aging from 1976 to 1983. Since 1984, she has been working as a legislative assistant to Senator Yvonne Miller.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hilda Yates Warden was born and raised in Richmond, Virginia. She attended public schools in Richmond. In 1935, she graduated from Virginia Union University. Warden was working for the Richmond Department of Welfare by 1950 when African Americans were just beginning to be hired as supervisors in the Department. Warden realized that she needed to further her education to be promoted to a supervisor. Seeking opportunities for professional growth in the field of social work, the former school teacher decided to start by taking one class in social work. She applied to Richmond Professional Institute (later VCU) but was told that she was not allowed to apply because the administration at RPI had not made a decision on whether to admit African Americans. Other part-time students (white students) only had to fill out a short application to apply, while Warden was required to fill out a full time application. After having to go through so much turmoil, she decided to go ahead and apply for full-time status. Warden was quietly admitted to the school of Social Work at RPI along with four other African American students in 1951. She went on to get her Master of Science degree in Rehabilitation Counseling at RPI in 1964. After getting the MS in Rehabilitation Counseling, she was hired at Virginia Union University (VUU) as a counselor where she worked for approximately eleven years. In her position at VUU, she directed several federal programs. She held positions with the Richmond Committee of Black Social Workers, Offender Aid and Restoration, and the Virginia Commission on Human Relations. Upon leaving VUU, Warden worked at the Richmond Department for Aging from 1976 to 1983. Since 1984, she has been working as a legislative assistant to Senator Yvonne Miller."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHilda Yates Warden Papers, Collection Number M 376, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Hilda Yates Warden Papers, Collection Number M 376, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes minutes, correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, various publications and other materials related to Warden's interests in civil rights and prisoner treatment. The materials date from the mid-1960s until the mid-2000s although the bulk of the collection is from 1969-1971. A significant portion of the collection is comprised of materials from her activities within the Virginia Commission on Human Relations, Richmond Y.W.C.A., and Offender Aid and Restoration. The collection also contains some items related to her husband George Warden's work at the Manhattan For Hire Car Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes minutes, correspondence, reports, newspaper clippings, various publications and other materials related to Warden's interests in civil rights and prisoner treatment. The materials date from the mid-1960s until the mid-2000s although the bulk of the collection is from 1969-1971. A significant portion of the collection is comprised of materials from her activities within the Virginia Commission on Human Relations, Richmond Y.W.C.A., and Offender Aid and Restoration. The collection also contains some items related to her husband George Warden's work at the Manhattan For Hire Car Corporation."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond (Va.). Commission on Human Relations","Offender Aid and Restoration of Richmond, Inc","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Warden, Hilda Yates -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). Commission on Human Relations","Offender Aid and Restoration of Richmond, Inc","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae","Warden, Hilda Yates","Warden, Hilda Yates -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). Commission on Human Relations","Offender Aid and Restoration of Richmond, Inc","YWCA (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Professional Institute -- Alumni and alumnae"],"persname_ssim":["Warden, Hilda Yates","Warden, Hilda Yates -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_190_c34"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02_c56","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02_c56#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02_c56","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02_c56"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02_c56","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","vircu_repositories_5_resources_148_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series II--General"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series II--General"],"text":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Series II--General","The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings","box 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings","title_ssm":["The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings"],"title_tesim":["The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980-1992"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980/1992"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The Village Cafe-General Information and newspaper clippings"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":101,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"containers_ssim":["box 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#55","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_148","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_148.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vcu-cab/vircu00061.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bland, Richard, collection of Richmond memorabilia","title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"text":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148","Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia","Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century","Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)","Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.","Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 32","/repositories/5/resources/148"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creator_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"creators_ssim":["Bland, Richard Lee, 1950-"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 20th century","Richmond (Va.) -- History -- Collectibles -- 19th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Arts -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Arts -- History -- 19th century -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2 Linear Feet 2 linear feet plus architectural drawings"],"extent_tesim":["2 Linear Feet 2 linear feet plus architectural drawings"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026amp; Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026amp; McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged by series and alphabetically therein. The items in Folders 1-8, Map Case #11, were found by Bland at an abandoned building in the 1980s. The building may have been the former site of the R.R. Cosby Electrical Co. which had operated in Richmond, Virginia for almost the entire 20th century. Other items, located in Boxes 1-6 and in Folder 9-10, Map Case #11, have been acquired by Bland at flea markets, garage sales, through dealers and at other locations.The collection is divided into the following series: Series I -- Art, Artists, \u0026 Craftsmen (1890s-1990s) ; Series II -- General (1880s-1980s) ; Series III -- Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984) ; Series IV -- Ledger from Maxwell \u0026 McGowan and McGowan and Pearsall House Furnishers (1901-1902) ; Series V -- Richmond Art Glass (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VI -- Historic Richmond (late 19th/early 20th century) ; Series VII -- Architectural Drawings and Oversize materials (1880s-1980s)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richmond artist Richard Lee Bland (1950-) has been active in the Richmond art scene since 1968 after his admission into the School of the Arts, Richmond Professional Institute (now VCU). Bland describes himself as an impressionist painter. His vision for art developed from performance and conceptual art in tangent with \"a compelling belief in impressionistic painting.\" Bland's mentor, Eliot Clark (1883-1980), an American Impressionist, was the last surviving participant of the Cos Cob Art Colony (1890-1900). Bland is critical of commercial art galleries, co-operative groups, and university art education practices. \"I believe the artist must maintain an aesthetic apart from institutional curriculum,\" Bland said in 1995. \"Self-reliance and community involvement help the artist confront relevant issues in a spirited fine art.\" Bland has had numerous art exhibits and is well known within the arts community in Richmond. He produced an experimental non-commercial alternative space, The Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984), to promote what he called a \"bedrock\" for independent Richmond art culture. He left for New York City in 1984 to practice art then returned to Richmond in 1986. He then purchased an old dairy barn in the lower Fan District converting it to a studio residence. Bland has established a growing archive of Richmond material, including vintage photographs, architectural drawings of historic Richmond buildings, and other artifacts of the city, that he calls a \"a personal resource\" of artistic inspiration."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Lee Bland collection of Richmond memorabilia, Collection # M 32, Special Collections and Archives, James Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. The collection includes three original architectural drawings of Richmond's Cathedral of the Sacred Heart; drawings of plans and photographs of what was to become the power house of the Virginia Railway and Power Co. on Richmond's 12th Street and numerous other early 20th century drawings and materials documenting electrical plans for the city.The collection also contains material documenting the arts in Richmond from the 1890s to the present, including material on the various art organizations that have existed in the city; rock music of the 1980s; and correspondence and other material regarding Bland's Grove Avenue Gallery (1982-1984). Other materials related to the history of Richmond include late 19th and early 20th century business invoices and correspondence; streetcar ephemera of the 1940s; and numerous published materials and a wide assortment of ephemera items and photographs relating to wide cross section of Richmond's cultural history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of a variety of Richmond, Virginia related materials that Bland has gathered since the 1970s. 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The scrapbooks are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia League for Planned Parenthood, Inc. received its charter from the State Corporation Commission in 1940, two years before the national organization changed its name from the Birth Control Federation of America to the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. The founders of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood include Ellen Harvie Smith, President of the Virginia Tuberculosis Association; Mrs. Fred Alexander, Chairman of Health and Welfare for the Virginia Federation of Women's Clubs; Douglas Southall Freeman, historian and editor of the Richmond News-Leader; Coleman Baskerville, architect; and Dr. H. Hudnall Ware, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Medical College of Virginia. The organization dedicated its early efforts to education and advocacy for family planning and women's health. In 1975, the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood opened a clinic that offered health services to women and adolescents using a sliding fee scale. Since 1994, the clinic has offered first- trimester abortions. Reproductive health care and education for men and women of all ages continues to be a central focus of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia League for Planned Parenthood, Inc. received its charter from the State Corporation Commission in 1940, two years before the national organization changed its name from the Birth Control Federation of America to the Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. 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