{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=2","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=4","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=472"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":472,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":4712,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1987 CAE Examination (3)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers","Series V: Professional Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers","Series V: Professional Records"],"text":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers","Series V: Professional Records","1987 CAE Examination (3)","box 12","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"1987 CAE Examination (3)","title_ssm":["1987 CAE Examination (3)"],"title_tesim":["1987 CAE Examination (3)"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Jan-Apr. 1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1987 CAE Examination (3)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2478,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research with the exception of records containing HIPAA- or FAFSA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University ARchives for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright for this collection is owned by Dr. M. Rupert Cutler. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1986],"containers_ssim":["box 12","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#75","timestamp":"2026-06-03T07:07:02.451Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3522.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Cutler, M. Rupert, Papers","title_ssm":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"title_tesim":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["[ca. 1930s]-2021","1962-2021"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1962-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["[ca. 1930s]-2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2020.005","/repositories/2/resources/3522"],"text":["Ms.2020.005","/repositories/2/resources/3522","M. Rupert Cutler Papers","Roanoke (Va.)","Roanoke County (Va.)","Environmental policy","Environmental protection","Conservation easements","Conservation projects (Natural resources)","Local government","The collection is open to research with the exception of records containing HIPAA- or FAFSA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University ARchives for more information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of this collection has been digitized for a digital exhibit,  A Lifetime of Service: Selections from the M. Rupert Cutler Papers .","You can also visit the digitized collection page online with the oral history interview with Rupert Cutler.","The collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:","Series I. Personal Records Series II. Clubs Series III. Roanoke Regional Records Series IV. Boards and Committees Records Series V. Professional Records Series VI. Speeches and Writings Series VII. Environmental Activism Series VIII. News Clippings Series IX. Audio Visual Records","M. Rupert Cutler is a native of Detroit, Michigan. He is an environmentalist and a journalist focusing on conservation and local Roanoke issues. He received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan in Wildlife Management in 1955 and a Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees from the Department of Resource Management at Michigan State University in 1969. ","After graduating from the University of Michigan, Cutler worked as an instruction book writer for Argus Cameras in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1956, he moved to Arizona where he edited the Winslow Mail, a weekly newspaper. In 1957, he accepted the post of executive secretary of Wildlife Conservation Incorporated in Boston and in 1958 he was hired by the Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries to be associate editor of Virginia Wildlife, the Virginia Game Department's magazine. In 1961, Cutler was promoted to Chief, Education Division, Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries. Cutler was then in Washington D.C. serving as editor of publications of the National Wildlife Federation (1962-1965) and then as assistant executive director of The Wilderness Society (1965-1969). ","In 1969, Cutler returned to Michigan to study for his doctorate at Michigan State University and to work as a Graduate Research Assistant in MSU's Department of Resource Development. With his degree, he became assistant professor of resource development and the state's extension specialist in natural resources policy, a post which he held from 1972-1977. In 1977 he was appointed by President Jimmy Carter to serve as assistant secretary of agriculture for conservation, research, and education. From 1977 to 1980 he provided policy direction to the U.S. Forest Service, the Soil Conservation Service, and USDA's research, extension, and library agencies. He was also senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), and executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987). From 1987-1990 he was the president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife, an organization based in Washington, DC devoted to protecting animals and their habitats in the United States.","M. Rupert Cutler moved to Roanoke, Virginia in January 1991. From 1991 to February of 1997, he was the executive director of Virginia's Explore Park, a 1,000-acre outdoor living history museum and environmental education center on the Roanoke River in Roanoke and Bedford counties. In March of 1997, M. Rupert Cutler became the founding executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust, a new, private, nonprofit association created to help preserve the natural, scenic, and cultural heritage of western Virginia on private land, using conservation easements. Between 2004-2009, he sat on the board of the Western Virginia Water Authority, which was created in 2004 to provide water and waste water treatment to the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. ","From 2002-2010, Cutler acted as a Trustee for the Virginia Outdoors Foundation, a semi-governmental organization created in 1966 to promote the use and preservation of Virginia's public lands. For part of this time he was also serving as President of the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club (2002-2003), of which he is a long-standing member. From 2006-2009 he also served as chair of the Steering Committee of the Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia, which supports the work of regional nonprofits. He has also served on the boards of Opera Roanoke, the Harrison Museum of African-American Culture, Valley Beautiful, the Roanoke Urban Forestry Council, Historic Greenfield, and has worked on a number of committees to preserve and improve Roanoke and the environment.","The guide to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Lovely card from a school class","Cool pictures","Cool singing group","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","Cool singing group","membership certificate","good photos","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","certificate","good pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","good pictures","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool plans for Roanoke","good photos","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","Cool citizen award","This is when he won","name badge","Cool award","photos of the stadium","good pictures of Rupert","good photos","good pictures","neat certificate","marked up speech","Good pictures","good explore park picture","good pictures","good pictures","Sticker and pamphlet for exhibit","The processing, arrangement, and description of the M. Rupert Cutler Papers was completed in July 2021, as part of the project, \"This Land is Your Land: Creating Access to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  from 2020 to 2021. Additional materials were incorporated in April-May 2025 and May 2026.","Unprocessed additions are available for researchers. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","There is also  a digital collection of Rupert Cutler's photographs featuring Explore Park  at the  Virginia Room of the Roanoke Public Library in Roanoke, Virginia.","The M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates.","Series I. Personal Records consist of letters, emails, greeting cards, postcards and invitations to and from family and friends, travel records, and photographs of people and events. This series contains some restricted materials, mostly consisting of HIPAA-protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. ","Series II. Clubs contains records of Cutler's participation in the Roanoke Valley Bird Club, the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club, Sons of the American Revolution, and the Virginia Gentlemen Barbershop Chorus.","Series III. Roanoke Regional Records contains news articles, event records, invitations, correspondence, and publications relating to the City of Roanoke and the surrouding area. It also contains records of M. Rupert Cutler's service on the Roanoke City Council from 2002-2006 and 2009-2011.","Series IV. Boards and Committees Records consist of documents relating to M. Rupert Cutler's service on the boards of the Western Virginia Water Authority (2004-2009), Opera Roanoke (2006-2009), Virginia Outdoors Foundation (2006-2010), and the Blue Rdige Land Conservancy (2009-2020). It also contains records of his participation in committees such as Roanoke Arts Commission (2003-2014), Mill Mountain Advisory Committee (2003-2006), Sustainable Oceans, Coasts, and Waterways Advisory Committee (2004-2005), Cabell Brand Center (2005-2014), Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia (2006-2009), Virginia Metropolitan League (2006-2014), Roanoke Valley Cool Cities Coalition (2008-2009), Hollins Presidential Advisory Council (2018-2019) and Historic Greenfield (2019-2020).","Series V. Professional Records cosists of correspondence and documents relatig to Cutler's work, including as senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987), president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife (1987-1990), executive director of Virginia's Explore Park (1991-1997), executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust (1997-1999), and in several teaching positions at Virginia colleges and universities (1999, 2010, 2020). This series contains some restricted materials, consisting of FERPA protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. ","Series VI. Speeches and Writings contains opinion pieces, presentations, lectures, articles, book chapters, and speeches written by M. Rupert Cutler.","Series VII. Envrionmental Activism contains correspondence, publications, newsletters, conference materials, event materials, and travel documents relating to environmental and conservation work. ","Series VIII. News Clippings contains published news articles that Cutler collected and notated on subjects such as conservation, environmentalism, politics, local Roanoke issues, achievements of himself and people he knows, and disasters.","Series IX. Audio Visual Records consists of audio cassettes, VHS cassettes, CDs, DVDs, photographs and photographic negatives documenting Cutler's personal and professional activities, including events, ceremonies, lectures, parties, conferences, and documentaries.","[Removed from red photo album.]","The copyright for this collection is owned by Dr. M. Rupert Cutler. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates. The collection provides a comprehensive history of the personal and professional activities of M. Rupert Cutler from 1981-2021, and also contains some records from 1962-1980. Most records from before 1977 are housed at the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan. Records from his service in the Carter Administration, 1977-1981, are housed at the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library in Atlanta.","Please note:  Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cutler, M. Rupert","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2020.005","/repositories/2/resources/3522"],"normalized_title_ssm":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"collection_ssim":["M. Rupert Cutler Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Roanoke (Va.)","Roanoke County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Roanoke (Va.)","Roanoke County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"creator_ssim":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"creators_ssim":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"places_ssim":["Roanoke (Va.)","Roanoke County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright for this collection is owned by Dr. M. Rupert Cutler. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The M. Rupert Cutler Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accessions between 2019 and 2021. Additional accruals are expected."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental policy","Environmental protection","Conservation easements","Conservation projects (Natural resources)","Local government"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental policy","Environmental protection","Conservation easements","Conservation projects (Natural resources)","Local government"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["178.5 Cubic Feet 128 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["178.5 Cubic Feet 128 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research with the exception of records containing HIPAA- or FAFSA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University ARchives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","General","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research with the exception of records containing HIPAA- or FAFSA-protected, sensitive, or personally identifiable information. These records are noted in the file-level description. Contact Virginia Tech Special Collections and University ARchives for more information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted due to personally identifiable information until 50 years after the death of the individual. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized for a digital exhibit, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/a-lifetime-of-service--selecti\"\u003eA Lifetime of Service: Selections from the M. Rupert Cutler Papers\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/242\"\u003eYou can also visit the digitized collection page online with the oral history interview with Rupert Cutler.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized for a digital exhibit,  A Lifetime of Service: Selections from the M. Rupert Cutler Papers .","You can also visit the digitized collection page online with the oral history interview with Rupert Cutler."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Personal Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Clubs\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Roanoke Regional Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Boards and Committees Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Professional Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Speeches and Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Environmental Activism\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. News Clippings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Audio Visual Records\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by type of material into the following series:","Series I. Personal Records Series II. Clubs Series III. Roanoke Regional Records Series IV. Boards and Committees Records Series V. Professional Records Series VI. Speeches and Writings Series VII. Environmental Activism Series VIII. News Clippings Series IX. Audio Visual Records"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eM. Rupert Cutler is a native of Detroit, Michigan. He is an environmentalist and a journalist focusing on conservation and local Roanoke issues. He received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan in Wildlife Management in 1955 and a Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees from the Department of Resource Management at Michigan State University in 1969. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating from the University of Michigan, Cutler worked as an instruction book writer for Argus Cameras in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1956, he moved to Arizona where he edited the Winslow Mail, a weekly newspaper. In 1957, he accepted the post of executive secretary of Wildlife Conservation Incorporated in Boston and in 1958 he was hired by the Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries to be associate editor of Virginia Wildlife, the Virginia Game Department's magazine. In 1961, Cutler was promoted to Chief, Education Division, Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries. Cutler was then in Washington D.C. serving as editor of publications of the National Wildlife Federation (1962-1965) and then as assistant executive director of The Wilderness Society (1965-1969). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1969, Cutler returned to Michigan to study for his doctorate at Michigan State University and to work as a Graduate Research Assistant in MSU's Department of Resource Development. With his degree, he became assistant professor of resource development and the state's extension specialist in natural resources policy, a post which he held from 1972-1977. In 1977 he was appointed by President Jimmy Carter to serve as assistant secretary of agriculture for conservation, research, and education. From 1977 to 1980 he provided policy direction to the U.S. Forest Service, the Soil Conservation Service, and USDA's research, extension, and library agencies. He was also senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), and executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987). From 1987-1990 he was the president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife, an organization based in Washington, DC devoted to protecting animals and their habitats in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eM. Rupert Cutler moved to Roanoke, Virginia in January 1991. From 1991 to February of 1997, he was the executive director of Virginia's Explore Park, a 1,000-acre outdoor living history museum and environmental education center on the Roanoke River in Roanoke and Bedford counties. In March of 1997, M. Rupert Cutler became the founding executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust, a new, private, nonprofit association created to help preserve the natural, scenic, and cultural heritage of western Virginia on private land, using conservation easements. Between 2004-2009, he sat on the board of the Western Virginia Water Authority, which was created in 2004 to provide water and waste water treatment to the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 2002-2010, Cutler acted as a Trustee for the Virginia Outdoors Foundation, a semi-governmental organization created in 1966 to promote the use and preservation of Virginia's public lands. For part of this time he was also serving as President of the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club (2002-2003), of which he is a long-standing member. From 2006-2009 he also served as chair of the Steering Committee of the Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia, which supports the work of regional nonprofits. He has also served on the boards of Opera Roanoke, the Harrison Museum of African-American Culture, Valley Beautiful, the Roanoke Urban Forestry Council, Historic Greenfield, and has worked on a number of committees to preserve and improve Roanoke and the environment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["M. Rupert Cutler is a native of Detroit, Michigan. He is an environmentalist and a journalist focusing on conservation and local Roanoke issues. He received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan in Wildlife Management in 1955 and a Master's and Doctorate of Philosophy degrees from the Department of Resource Management at Michigan State University in 1969. ","After graduating from the University of Michigan, Cutler worked as an instruction book writer for Argus Cameras in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In 1956, he moved to Arizona where he edited the Winslow Mail, a weekly newspaper. In 1957, he accepted the post of executive secretary of Wildlife Conservation Incorporated in Boston and in 1958 he was hired by the Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries to be associate editor of Virginia Wildlife, the Virginia Game Department's magazine. In 1961, Cutler was promoted to Chief, Education Division, Virginia Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries. Cutler was then in Washington D.C. serving as editor of publications of the National Wildlife Federation (1962-1965) and then as assistant executive director of The Wilderness Society (1965-1969). ","In 1969, Cutler returned to Michigan to study for his doctorate at Michigan State University and to work as a Graduate Research Assistant in MSU's Department of Resource Development. With his degree, he became assistant professor of resource development and the state's extension specialist in natural resources policy, a post which he held from 1972-1977. In 1977 he was appointed by President Jimmy Carter to serve as assistant secretary of agriculture for conservation, research, and education. From 1977 to 1980 he provided policy direction to the U.S. Forest Service, the Soil Conservation Service, and USDA's research, extension, and library agencies. He was also senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), and executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987). From 1987-1990 he was the president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife, an organization based in Washington, DC devoted to protecting animals and their habitats in the United States.","M. Rupert Cutler moved to Roanoke, Virginia in January 1991. From 1991 to February of 1997, he was the executive director of Virginia's Explore Park, a 1,000-acre outdoor living history museum and environmental education center on the Roanoke River in Roanoke and Bedford counties. In March of 1997, M. Rupert Cutler became the founding executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust, a new, private, nonprofit association created to help preserve the natural, scenic, and cultural heritage of western Virginia on private land, using conservation easements. Between 2004-2009, he sat on the board of the Western Virginia Water Authority, which was created in 2004 to provide water and waste water treatment to the City of Roanoke and Roanoke County. ","From 2002-2010, Cutler acted as a Trustee for the Virginia Outdoors Foundation, a semi-governmental organization created in 1966 to promote the use and preservation of Virginia's public lands. For part of this time he was also serving as President of the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club (2002-2003), of which he is a long-standing member. From 2006-2009 he also served as chair of the Steering Committee of the Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia, which supports the work of regional nonprofits. He has also served on the boards of Opera Roanoke, the Harrison Museum of African-American Culture, Valley Beautiful, the Roanoke Urban Forestry Council, Historic Greenfield, and has worked on a number of committees to preserve and improve Roanoke and the environment."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLovely card from a school class\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool singing group\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool singing group\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003emembership certificate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood photos\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ecertificate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool vision of Roanoke 2020*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool vision of Roanoke 2020*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool vision of Roanoke 2020*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool vision of Roanoke 2020*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool vision of Roanoke 2020*\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool plans for Roanoke\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood photos\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool citizen award\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is when he won\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ename badge\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCool award\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ephotos of the stadium\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures of Rupert\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood photos\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eneat certificate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003emarked up speech\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood explore park picture\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003egood pictures\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSticker and pamphlet for exhibit\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Lovely card from a school class","Cool pictures","Cool singing group","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","Cool singing group","membership certificate","good photos","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","certificate","good pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","Cool pictures","good pictures","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool vision of Roanoke 2020*","Cool plans for Roanoke","good photos","good pictures","good pictures","good pictures","Cool citizen award","This is when he won","name badge","Cool award","photos of the stadium","good pictures of Rupert","good photos","good pictures","neat certificate","marked up speech","Good pictures","good explore park picture","good pictures","good pictures","Sticker and pamphlet for exhibit"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], M. Rupert Cutler Papers, Ms2020-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], M. Rupert Cutler Papers, Ms2020-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the M. Rupert Cutler Papers was completed in July 2021, as part of the project, \"This Land is Your Land: Creating Access to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers,\" funded by the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.archives.gov/nhprc\"\u003eNational Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)\u003c/a\u003e from 2020 to 2021. Additional materials were incorporated in April-May 2025 and May 2026.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed additions are available for researchers. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the M. Rupert Cutler Papers was completed in July 2021, as part of the project, \"This Land is Your Land: Creating Access to the M. Rupert Cutler Papers,\" funded by the  National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC)  from 2020 to 2021. Additional materials were incorporated in April-May 2025 and May 2026.","Unprocessed additions are available for researchers. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is also \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.virginiaroom.org/digital/exhibits/show/explore-park\"\u003ea digital collection of Rupert Cutler's photographs featuring Explore Park\u003c/a\u003e at the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.virginiaroom.org/\"\u003eVirginia Room of the Roanoke Public Library in Roanoke, Virginia.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is also  a digital collection of Rupert Cutler's photographs featuring Explore Park  at the  Virginia Room of the Roanoke Public Library in Roanoke, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Personal Records consist of letters, emails, greeting cards, postcards and invitations to and from family and friends, travel records, and photographs of people and events. This series contains some restricted materials, mostly consisting of HIPAA-protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Clubs contains records of Cutler's participation in the Roanoke Valley Bird Club, the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club, Sons of the American Revolution, and the Virginia Gentlemen Barbershop Chorus.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Roanoke Regional Records contains news articles, event records, invitations, correspondence, and publications relating to the City of Roanoke and the surrouding area. It also contains records of M. Rupert Cutler's service on the Roanoke City Council from 2002-2006 and 2009-2011.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Boards and Committees Records consist of documents relating to M. Rupert Cutler's service on the boards of the Western Virginia Water Authority (2004-2009), Opera Roanoke (2006-2009), Virginia Outdoors Foundation (2006-2010), and the Blue Rdige Land Conservancy (2009-2020). It also contains records of his participation in committees such as Roanoke Arts Commission (2003-2014), Mill Mountain Advisory Committee (2003-2006), Sustainable Oceans, Coasts, and Waterways Advisory Committee (2004-2005), Cabell Brand Center (2005-2014), Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia (2006-2009), Virginia Metropolitan League (2006-2014), Roanoke Valley Cool Cities Coalition (2008-2009), Hollins Presidential Advisory Council (2018-2019) and Historic Greenfield (2019-2020).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Professional Records cosists of correspondence and documents relatig to Cutler's work, including as senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987), president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife (1987-1990), executive director of Virginia's Explore Park (1991-1997), executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust (1997-1999), and in several teaching positions at Virginia colleges and universities (1999, 2010, 2020). This series contains some restricted materials, consisting of FERPA protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Speeches and Writings contains opinion pieces, presentations, lectures, articles, book chapters, and speeches written by M. Rupert Cutler.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Envrionmental Activism contains correspondence, publications, newsletters, conference materials, event materials, and travel documents relating to environmental and conservation work. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII. News Clippings contains published news articles that Cutler collected and notated on subjects such as conservation, environmentalism, politics, local Roanoke issues, achievements of himself and people he knows, and disasters.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX. Audio Visual Records consists of audio cassettes, VHS cassettes, CDs, DVDs, photographs and photographic negatives documenting Cutler's personal and professional activities, including events, ceremonies, lectures, parties, conferences, and documentaries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Removed from red photo album.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates.","Series I. Personal Records consist of letters, emails, greeting cards, postcards and invitations to and from family and friends, travel records, and photographs of people and events. This series contains some restricted materials, mostly consisting of HIPAA-protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. ","Series II. Clubs contains records of Cutler's participation in the Roanoke Valley Bird Club, the Roanoke chapter of the Kiwanis Club, Sons of the American Revolution, and the Virginia Gentlemen Barbershop Chorus.","Series III. Roanoke Regional Records contains news articles, event records, invitations, correspondence, and publications relating to the City of Roanoke and the surrouding area. It also contains records of M. Rupert Cutler's service on the Roanoke City Council from 2002-2006 and 2009-2011.","Series IV. Boards and Committees Records consist of documents relating to M. Rupert Cutler's service on the boards of the Western Virginia Water Authority (2004-2009), Opera Roanoke (2006-2009), Virginia Outdoors Foundation (2006-2010), and the Blue Rdige Land Conservancy (2009-2020). It also contains records of his participation in committees such as Roanoke Arts Commission (2003-2014), Mill Mountain Advisory Committee (2003-2006), Sustainable Oceans, Coasts, and Waterways Advisory Committee (2004-2005), Cabell Brand Center (2005-2014), Nonprofit Resource Center of Western Virginia (2006-2009), Virginia Metropolitan League (2006-2014), Roanoke Valley Cool Cities Coalition (2008-2009), Hollins Presidential Advisory Council (2018-2019) and Historic Greenfield (2019-2020).","Series V. Professional Records cosists of correspondence and documents relatig to Cutler's work, including as senior vice president of the National Audubon Society (1980-1983), executive director of Population-Environment Balance (1983-1987), president and CEO of Defenders of Wildlife (1987-1990), executive director of Virginia's Explore Park (1991-1997), executive director of the Western Virginia Land Trust (1997-1999), and in several teaching positions at Virginia colleges and universities (1999, 2010, 2020). This series contains some restricted materials, consisting of FERPA protected personal information. These restricted materials are noted at the file-level. ","Series VI. Speeches and Writings contains opinion pieces, presentations, lectures, articles, book chapters, and speeches written by M. Rupert Cutler.","Series VII. Envrionmental Activism contains correspondence, publications, newsletters, conference materials, event materials, and travel documents relating to environmental and conservation work. ","Series VIII. News Clippings contains published news articles that Cutler collected and notated on subjects such as conservation, environmentalism, politics, local Roanoke issues, achievements of himself and people he knows, and disasters.","Series IX. Audio Visual Records consists of audio cassettes, VHS cassettes, CDs, DVDs, photographs and photographic negatives documenting Cutler's personal and professional activities, including events, ceremonies, lectures, parties, conferences, and documentaries.","[Removed from red photo album.]"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright for this collection is owned by Dr. M. Rupert Cutler. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright for this collection is owned by Dr. M. Rupert Cutler. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4366gd56\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates. The collection provides a comprehensive history of the personal and professional activities of M. Rupert Cutler from 1981-2021, and also contains some records from 1962-1980. Most records from before 1977 are housed at the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan. Records from his service in the Carter Administration, 1977-1981, are housed at the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library in Atlanta.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The M. Rupert Cutler Papers includes personal and professional correspondence, records of Cutler's participation in a variety of clubs, boards, and committees, documents pertaining to local Roanoke issues and events, speeches, articles, and other writings by Cutler, news clippings pertaining to Cutler's interests, photographs, audio cassettes, CDs, VHS cassettes, and awards and certificates. The collection provides a comprehensive history of the personal and professional activities of M. Rupert Cutler from 1981-2021, and also contains some records from 1962-1980. Most records from before 1977 are housed at the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan. Records from his service in the Carter Administration, 1977-1981, are housed at the Jimmy Carter Presidential Library in Atlanta."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6a6810f0a4c256c26cf1fa0c90deb417\" label=\"Physical Access\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Material is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for further information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Cutler, M. Rupert"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"persname_ssim":["Cutler, M. Rupert"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4186,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-03T07:07:02.451Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3522_c05_c76"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1st Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","1st Virginia Cavalry","box 40","folder 61"],"title_filing_ssi":"1st Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["1st Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["1st Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1905, 1968-1969, 1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1st Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":402,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"containers_ssim":["box 40","folder 61"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#55","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c56"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"21st Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","21st Virginia Cavalry","box 41","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"21st Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["21st Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["21st Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1865, 1919, 1979, 1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1865/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["21st Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":420,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#73","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c74"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"22nd Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","22nd Virginia Infantry","box 42","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"22nd Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["22nd Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["22nd Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1862-1865, 1968, 1971, 1983, 1987"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["22nd Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":455,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#108","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c109"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings","Notes"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings","Notes"],"text":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings","Notes","23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics","box 48","folder 18"],"title_filing_ssi":"23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics","title_ssm":["23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics"],"title_tesim":["23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["23rd International Conference on High Energy Physics"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1985,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1986],"containers_ssim":["box 48","folder 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#2/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives, which maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c07_c03_c07"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"24th Virginia Cavalry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","24th Virginia Cavalry","box 41","folder 11"],"title_filing_ssi":"24th Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["24th Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["24th Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1912, 1976, 1979, 1982, 1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["24th Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":422,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#75","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c76"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"24th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","24th Virginia Infantry","box 42","folder 4"],"title_filing_ssi":"24th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["24th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["24th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1969-1970, 1975, 1983, 1990, 1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["24th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":457,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 4"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#110","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c111"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters","box 42","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters","title_ssm":["27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters"],"title_tesim":["27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1865, 1994"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["27th Va. Inf. - Andrew N. Cook Letters"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":462,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#115","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c116"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"27th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","27th Virginia Infantry","box 42","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"27th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["27th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["27th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1857-1865, 1968, 1973, 1988, 1992, 1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1857/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["27th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":461,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#114","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c115"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"28th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","28th Virginia Infantry","box 42","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"28th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["28th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["28th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1855, 1861-1865, 1968-1969, 1998-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1855/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["28th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":463,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 42","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#116","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c117"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":4712},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Glass Ceilings:  Highlights from the International Archive of Women in Architecture Center,\" selected exhibit panels","value":"\"Glass Ceilings:  Highlights from the International Archive of Women in Architecture Center,\" selected exhibit panels","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Glass+Ceilings%3A++Highlights+from+the+International+Archive+of+Women+in+Architecture+Center%2C%22+selected+exhibit+panels\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","value":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22More+Than+the+Sum+of+Our+Body+Parts%3A+An+Exhibit+by+CARY%2C+1992-1993%22\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1x1 Japan Exhibition Materials, 1965-2024","value":"1x1 Japan Exhibition Materials, 1965-2024","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1x1+Japan+Exhibition+Materials%2C+1965-2024\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","value":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+J.+Davis+Family+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","value":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Jane+Duncombe+Architectural+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","value":"Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Abbye+A.+Gorin+Architectural+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Al Gross Papers","value":"Al Gross Papers","hits":12},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Al+Gross+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert L. Sturm Papers","value":"Albert L. Sturm Papers","hits":36},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Albert+L.+Sturm+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection","value":"Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alberta+Pfeiffer+Architectural+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alfred C. Payne Collection","value":"Alfred C. Payne Collection","hits":66},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alfred+C.+Payne+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alleghany Chapter, National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Records,","value":"Alleghany Chapter, National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Records,","hits":22},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Alleghany+Chapter%2C+National+Society+of+the+Daughters+of+the+American+Revolution+Records%2C\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1500","value":"1500","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1500\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1501","value":"1501","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1501\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1502","value":"1502","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1502\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1503","value":"1503","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1503\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1504","value":"1504","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1504\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1505","value":"1505","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1505\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1506","value":"1506","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1506\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1507","value":"1507","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1507\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1508","value":"1508","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1508\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1509","value":"1509","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1509\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1510","value":"1510","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1510\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","value":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=4-H+All+Stars.+Virginia+Chapter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","value":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Elizabeth+Kent\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adriance, Thomas","value":"Adriance, Thomas","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adriance%2C+Thomas\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alex, Iris","value":"Alex, Iris","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alex%2C+Iris\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","value":"Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Dorothy+Baxter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alford, William J., Jr., 1924-2010","value":"Alford, William J., Jr., 1924-2010","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alford%2C+William+J.%2C+Jr.%2C+1924-2010\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Almeida, Marília Sant'Anna de, 1948-","value":"Almeida, Marília Sant'Anna de, 1948-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Almeida%2C+Mar%C3%ADlia+Sant%27Anna+de%2C+1948-\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alonso, Carmen Espegel","value":"Alonso, Carmen Espegel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alonso%2C+Carmen+Espegel\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Association of Retired Persons. Blacksburg Chapter","value":"American Association of Retired Persons. Blacksburg Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=American+Association+of+Retired+Persons.+Blacksburg+Chapter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","value":"American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=American+Association+of+University+Women.+Blacksburg+Branch+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Brake Shoe Company","value":"American Brake Shoe Company","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=American+Brake+Shoe+Company\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","value":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=4-H+All+Stars.+Virginia+Chapter\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. P. Carter","value":"A. P. Carter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=A.+P.+Carter\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adamczewska-Wjchert, Hanna","value":"Adamczewska-Wjchert, Hanna","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adamczewska-Wjchert%2C+Hanna\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","value":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Elizabeth+Kent\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adriance, Thomas","value":"Adriance, Thomas","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adriance%2C+Thomas\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alex, Iris","value":"Alex, Iris","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alex%2C+Iris\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","value":"Alexander, Dorothy Baxter","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Dorothy+Baxter\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alford, William J., Jr., 1924-2010","value":"Alford, William J., Jr., 1924-2010","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alford%2C+William+J.%2C+Jr.%2C+1924-2010\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Allen, Beulah O. (Beulah Oyama), 1905-1992","value":"Allen, Beulah O. (Beulah Oyama), 1905-1992","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Allen%2C+Beulah+O.+%28Beulah+Oyama%29%2C+1905-1992\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Almeida, Marília Sant'Anna de, 1948-","value":"Almeida, Marília Sant'Anna de, 1948-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Almeida%2C+Mar%C3%ADlia+Sant%27Anna+de%2C+1948-\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alonso, Carmen Espegel","value":"Alonso, Carmen Espegel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alonso%2C+Carmen+Espegel\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Appalachian Mountains","value":"Appalachian Mountains","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Appalachian+Mountains\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Appalachian Trail","value":"Appalachian Trail","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Appalachian+Trail\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Blacksburg (Va.)","value":"Blacksburg (Va.)","hits":37},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Blacksburg+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Carroll County (Va.)","value":"Carroll County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Carroll+County+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Christiansburg (Va.)","value":"Christiansburg (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Christiansburg+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Community organization","value":"Community organization","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Community+organization\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Craig County (Va.)","value":"Craig County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Craig+County+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Floyd County (Va.)","value":"Floyd County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Floyd+County+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Franklin County (Va.)","value":"Franklin County (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Franklin+County+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fries (Va.)","value":"Fries (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fries+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Galax (Va.)","value":"Galax (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Galax+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"4-H clubs","value":"4-H clubs","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=4-H+clubs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Administrative records","value":"Administrative records","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Administrative+records\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aeronautical engineers","value":"Aeronautical engineers","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Aeronautical+engineers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aeronautics","value":"Aeronautics","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Aeronautics\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aerospace engineers","value":"Aerospace engineers","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Aerospace+engineers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Affirmative action programs","value":"Affirmative action programs","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Affirmative+action+programs\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- History","value":"African Americans -- History","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agricultural extension work","value":"Agricultural extension work","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Agricultural+extension+work\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Agriculture","value":"Agriculture","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Agriculture\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Air pilots","value":"Air pilots","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Air+pilots\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Literature -- Virginia","value":"American Literature -- Virginia","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=American+Literature+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Box","value":"Box","hits":11},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Class","value":"Class","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Class\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":387},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":3381},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":190},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record Group","value":"Record Group","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+Group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":439},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subgroup","value":"Subgroup","hits":21},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subseries","value":"Subseries","hits":284},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1986\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=3\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}