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Miller papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1987-1991"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1987-1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0048"],"text":["C0048","Emilie F. Miller papers","Mental health services--Virginia.","Women and the military--United States.","Women legislators--Virginia.","Women political activists--Virginia.","Women politicians--Virginia.","Women's rights--United States.","There are no access restrictions.","This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees."," Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017.","The George Mason University Special Collections and Archives also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \n                 , the \n                 , and the \n                 .","The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Emilie F. Miller papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. 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Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":[" Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Mason University Special Collections and Archives also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Jean Marburg League of Women Voters collection\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/marburg.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/lwvfa.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"Martha Pennino papers\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/pennino.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The George Mason University Special Collections and Archives also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \n                 , the \n                 , and the \n                 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Emilie F. Miller papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Emilie F. Miller papers must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Virginia Military Institute.","Miller, Emilie F."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Virginia Military Institute."],"persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"language_ssim":["English\n            "],"total_component_count_is":1354,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:49:04.653Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_miller_c01_c536"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598_c536","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"18th Statewide Conference Department of Mental Health/Mental Retardation","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598_c536#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598_c536","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598_c536"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598_c536","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_598"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Emilie F. 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In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.","Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.","The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  .","The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.","\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0048","/repositories/2/resources/598"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"collection_ssim":["Emilie F. Miller papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"creators_ssim":["Miller, Emilie F."],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Emilie F. Miller in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Mental health services -- Virginia","Women and the military -- United States","Women legislators -- Virginia","Women political activists -- Virginia","Women politicians -- Virginia","Women's rights -- United States","Politics","Political campaigns -- Virginia","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["48.0 linear feet 86 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by topic, including personal files, legislative issues, bills and resolutions, campaigns, and committees."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMiller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller is a former politician and activist in Northern Virginia and was the first woman senator to represent the Fairfax area. In 1968 she joined the Fairfax County Democratic Committee and served as its chair from 1976 to 1980. In that same year she was hired as long serving Senator Adelrad L. Brault's (1966-1982) legislative aid. Two years later, Senator Brault retired and endorsed Miller's candidacy for the post. Miller's opponent in 1983 was three-term Republican mayor of Fairfax City John W. Russell, whom Miller disagreed with over his opposition to the Equal Rights Act and negative comments about women serving in combat. Miller lost the election by one percent of the vote."," During the interim between her candidacies, Miller remained active in state and local politics. Virginia Governor Charles S. Robb appointed her to the State Mental Health and Mental Retardation Board (1982- 1988). The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors appointed her to the Child Abuse Prevention Task Force (1984-1987). She was also hired as legislative consultant to the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women (1986-1987). Her activism in mental health, family and community services, and women's rights carried over into her term as Virginia senator."," In 1987 Miller ran for a second time against Russell, and maintained strong support from feminists and was endorsed by the National Women's Political Caucus of Northern Virginia. Narrowly defeating Russell by 180 votes, Miller set off on an ambitious and successful freshman term. She was the only freshman to receive four committee assignments, the only woman to serve on the Education and Health Committee, and was the first Virginia legislator to serve on the Labor Committee of the National Conference of State Legislators.","While a senator, Miller was assigned to four standing committees: Education and Health, General Laws, Local Government, and Rehabilitation and Social Services. She was further assigned to several legislative subcommittees, such as the Parental Drug Exposure and Abuse Committee and the Early Intervention Services for Handicapped Infants and Toddlers Committee.","During her first and second sessions (1988-1989) Miller focused on issues dealing with mental health and substance abuse. She introduced many bills and several were passed. One successful bill allowed future funding for mental health, mental retardation and substance abuse services; another allowed the study of the criminal prosecution of individuals who abuse patients of state facilities for the mentally disabled. One piece of the latter bill established of the State Board of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse Services, which developed regulations defining abuse and facilitated prosecution of people who abused others with disabilities. Miller successfully amended the state budget by two million dollars for use by mental health services, and ensured that state funding would follow the six-year plan established by the Virginia Department of Mental Health, Mental Retardation, and Substance Abuse.","The dominating concern of Miller's 1990 and 1991 sessions was the nationally covered Virginia Military Institute controversy. The U.S. Department of Justice sued the Commonwealth of Virginia for denying admittance to a woman who had applied to VMI. Virginia Attorney General Mary Sue Terry stood behind VMI's decision not to enroll women at the traditionally all-male institution. Miller objected to the practice and considered it sexist and unconstitutional, especially because the school was publicly funded. In response to this controversy, Miller introduced legislation stating that \"all public institutions of higher education shall admit qualified students without regard to race, sex, religion, national origin, or political affiliation.\""," After the VMI controversy, Miller continued to legislate for mental health, women's rights, and family services. Her successful legislation includes the consideration of a defendant's mental health in death penalty cases, the regulation of advertising by licensed treatment facilities for the mentally ill, and authorization for Fairfax County and Fairfax City to regulate child care services and facilities. In addition to this legislation, Miller also introduced legislation that designated April 22, 1990 as Earth Day in Virginia.","Other achievements during her first term include a public-private partnership on pilot projects testing the use of natural gas in Virginia Department of Transportation vehicles, simplified procedures for citizens to obtain government information, and increased civil penalties for zoning code violations.","Miller attempted reelection in 1991, focusing on education and abortion issues, but lost to Republican opponent Jane H. Woods."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEmilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Emilie F. Miller papers, C0048, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections Research Center staff. EAD markup completed in March 2009 by Eron Ackerman and Jordan Patty. Further processing by Emily Curley in Spring 2017. EAD markup updated by Emily Curley in June 2017. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Jean Marburg League of Women Voters collection\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0039\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"League of Women Voters of the Fairfax Area records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0031\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e, and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Martha Pennino papers\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/c0146\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center also holds other collections for research on the political life of women in Northern Virginia such as the  , the  , and the  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller Papers contain materials pertaining to her service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref2\"\u003eThe Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Emile F. Miller papers contain materials pertaining to Miller's service in the Virginia State Legislature. Included in the collection are campaign material, subject files, bills and resolutions, correspondence, committee information, constituent files, and information on the 1990 Virginia Military Institute controversy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1acdde7c7365d4c6ebcd3bfce68ae878\"\u003e\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR21, C4, S6 - S7\n\n\nR22, C1, S2 - S4\n\n\nR55, C4, S2 - S4\n\nMap Case 11.5"],"names_coll_ssim":["Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. Senate","Virginia Military Institute","Miller, Emilie F."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Democratic Party (Va.)","Virginia. General Assembly","Virginia. General Assembly. 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Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","18th Virginia Cavalry","box 41","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"18th Virginia Cavalry","title_ssm":["18th Virginia Cavalry"],"title_tesim":["18th Virginia Cavalry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1973-, 1979, 2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1973/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["18th Virginia Cavalry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":419,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#72","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c73"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"18th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","18th Virginia Infantry","box 41","folder 40"],"title_filing_ssi":"18th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["18th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["18th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1968, 1981, 1983, 1995-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["18th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":451,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 40"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#104","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c105"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1897-1914: Early Strips, Richard Outcault, Billy Marriner, Jimmy Swinnerton. 1915-1929: J.P. Alley \u0026 Son, Thomas A. Dorgan, Radical Artists, M. Covarrublas"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1897-1914: Early Strips, Richard Outcault, Billy Marriner, Jimmy Swinnerton. 1915-1929: J.P. Alley \u0026 Son, Thomas A. Dorgan, Radical Artists, M. Covarrublas"],"text":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1897-1914: Early Strips, Richard Outcault, Billy Marriner, Jimmy Swinnerton. 1915-1929: J.P. Alley \u0026 Son, Thomas A. Dorgan, Radical Artists, M. Covarrublas","\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\"","Box 11","folder 31"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\"","title_ssm":["\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\""],"title_tesim":["\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"1915-1929 WWI \u0026 Twenties and Black Northern Migration\""],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":44,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"containers_ssim":["Box 11","folder 31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#10/components#5","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9853.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","title_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"title_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853"],"text":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853","Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.","Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.","This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. ","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Richard Wright."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.68 Linear Feet 52 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["21.68 Linear Feet 52 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"date_range_isim":[1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026amp; Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":987,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c11_c06"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Marian McQuade Papers","Series 2. Centenarians (Boxes 7-11, 12-13, 15-16)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Marian McQuade Papers","Series 2. Centenarians (Boxes 7-11, 12-13, 15-16)"],"text":["Marian McQuade Papers","Series 2. Centenarians (Boxes 7-11, 12-13, 15-16)","1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)","Box 16","Folder 1-7"],"title_filing_ssi":"1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)","title_ssm":["1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)"],"title_tesim":["1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970–1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1920 Voter Survey (includes questionnaires completed by women who voted in 1920, lists of West Virginian women who voted in 1920, clippings, photos, correspondence regarding 1920 voters, letters, cards, among other records)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":512,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"containers_ssim":["Box 16","Folder 1-7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#68","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:55.068Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1523.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195802","title_ssm":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"title_tesim":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1853-1872, 1917-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1853-1872, 1917-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1523"],"text":["A\u0026M 3222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1523","Marian McQuade Papers","Centenarians","Coal mines and mining","Grandparents day.","No special access restriction applies.","Marian (Herndon) McQuade (1917/01/18–2008/09/26) was the founder of National Grandparents Day. She served on the West Virginia Commission on Aging and the Nursing Home Licensing Board. For many years, she helped with the Past 80 Party, which was held annually in Richwood, WV. Jim Comstock, editor of 'The News Leader' and the West Virginia Hillbilly, originated the Past 80 Party.","McQuade campaigned in West Virginia and later nationwide to set aside a day for grandparents. West Virginia became the first state with a special day to honor grandparents when Gov. Arch Moore proclaimed May 27, 1973 as Grandparents Day. In September 1978, the White House called McQuade to inform her that President Jimmy Carter had signed a bill designating the Sunday after Labor Day as National Grandparents Day beginning in 1979.","(Adapted from \"Marian McQuade.\" Marian McQuade – Wikipedia. March 25, 2020. Accessed November 12, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_McQuade.)","These records document Marian McQuade's efforts to establish and promote a national holiday honoring grandparents, to be called Grandparent's Day (established by Presidential Proclamation in\n1979).  Also included are records documenting centenarians in West Virginia collected by Marian McQuade.  Finally, miscellaneous publications and artifacts relating to coal mining are included\nfrom Joseph McQuade, Marian McQuade's husband, who was a leader in the coal industry in West Virginia.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Grandparents Day (1955-1995) [box 1/folder 1 - box 7/folder 15, box 11/folder 4 - box 12/folder 11, box 13/folder 23 - box 14; box 16/folder 19 - box 18]. \nSeries 2. Centenarians (1959-1994) [box 7/folder 16 - box 11/folder 3, box 12/folder 12 - box 13/folder 22, box 15 - box 16/folder 7]. \nSeries 3. Joseph McQuade Papers (1853-1872, 1917-1994) [box 16/folder 8-18, box 19 - 21].","A signature of President Bill Clinton was separated to A\u0026M 0435, Rare Signatures.","A copy of the book \"Grandparent's Day and Marian McQuade\" (1982) was separated to the non-circulating book collection of the West Virginia Collection.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Much of this collection documents the efforts of Marian McQuade as the founder of Grandparents Day including information she collected on centenarians of West Virginia. There are also miscellaneous publications and artifacts belonging to her husband, Joseph McQuade, that pertain to coal mining.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008","McQuade, Joseph","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3222","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1523"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Marian McQuade Papers"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008"],"creator_ssim":["McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008"],"creators_ssim":["McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Centenarians","Coal mines and mining","Grandparents day."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Centenarians","Coal mines and mining","Grandparents day."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["25 Linear Feet 24 ft. 11 1/2 in. (1 document case, 5 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (19 record cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 tape box, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["25 Linear Feet 24 ft. 11 1/2 in. (1 document case, 5 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (19 record cartons, 15 in. each); (1 small flat storage box, 3 in.); (1 tape box, 4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMarian (Herndon) McQuade (1917/01/18–2008/09/26) was the founder of National Grandparents Day. She served on the West Virginia Commission on Aging and the Nursing Home Licensing Board. For many years, she helped with the Past 80 Party, which was held annually in Richwood, WV. Jim Comstock, editor of 'The News Leader' and the West Virginia Hillbilly, originated the Past 80 Party.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMcQuade campaigned in West Virginia and later nationwide to set aside a day for grandparents. West Virginia became the first state with a special day to honor grandparents when Gov. Arch Moore proclaimed May 27, 1973 as Grandparents Day. In September 1978, the White House called McQuade to inform her that President Jimmy Carter had signed a bill designating the Sunday after Labor Day as National Grandparents Day beginning in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e(Adapted from \"Marian McQuade.\" Marian McQuade – Wikipedia. March 25, 2020. Accessed November 12, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_McQuade.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Marian (Herndon) McQuade (1917/01/18–2008/09/26) was the founder of National Grandparents Day. She served on the West Virginia Commission on Aging and the Nursing Home Licensing Board. For many years, she helped with the Past 80 Party, which was held annually in Richwood, WV. Jim Comstock, editor of 'The News Leader' and the West Virginia Hillbilly, originated the Past 80 Party.","McQuade campaigned in West Virginia and later nationwide to set aside a day for grandparents. West Virginia became the first state with a special day to honor grandparents when Gov. Arch Moore proclaimed May 27, 1973 as Grandparents Day. In September 1978, the White House called McQuade to inform her that President Jimmy Carter had signed a bill designating the Sunday after Labor Day as National Grandparents Day beginning in 1979.","(Adapted from \"Marian McQuade.\" Marian McQuade – Wikipedia. March 25, 2020. Accessed November 12, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_McQuade.)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Marian McQuade Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3222, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Marian McQuade Papers, A\u0026M 3222, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese records document Marian McQuade's efforts to establish and promote a national holiday honoring grandparents, to be called Grandparent's Day (established by Presidential Proclamation in\n1979).  Also included are records documenting centenarians in West Virginia collected by Marian McQuade.  Finally, miscellaneous publications and artifacts relating to coal mining are included\nfrom Joseph McQuade, Marian McQuade's husband, who was a leader in the coal industry in West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries include:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 1. Grandparents Day (1955-1995) [box 1/folder 1 - box 7/folder 15, box 11/folder 4 - box 12/folder 11, box 13/folder 23 - box 14; box 16/folder 19 - box 18].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Centenarians (1959-1994) [box 7/folder 16 - box 11/folder 3, box 12/folder 12 - box 13/folder 22, box 15 - box 16/folder 7].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Joseph McQuade Papers (1853-1872, 1917-1994) [box 16/folder 8-18, box 19 - 21].\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These records document Marian McQuade's efforts to establish and promote a national holiday honoring grandparents, to be called Grandparent's Day (established by Presidential Proclamation in\n1979).  Also included are records documenting centenarians in West Virginia collected by Marian McQuade.  Finally, miscellaneous publications and artifacts relating to coal mining are included\nfrom Joseph McQuade, Marian McQuade's husband, who was a leader in the coal industry in West Virginia.","Series include: \nSeries 1. Grandparents Day (1955-1995) [box 1/folder 1 - box 7/folder 15, box 11/folder 4 - box 12/folder 11, box 13/folder 23 - box 14; box 16/folder 19 - box 18]. \nSeries 2. Centenarians (1959-1994) [box 7/folder 16 - box 11/folder 3, box 12/folder 12 - box 13/folder 22, box 15 - box 16/folder 7]. \nSeries 3. Joseph McQuade Papers (1853-1872, 1917-1994) [box 16/folder 8-18, box 19 - 21]."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA signature of President Bill Clinton was separated to A\u0026amp;M 0435, Rare Signatures.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA copy of the book \"Grandparent's Day and Marian McQuade\" (1982) was separated to the non-circulating book collection of the West Virginia Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A signature of President Bill Clinton was separated to A\u0026M 0435, Rare Signatures.","A copy of the book \"Grandparent's Day and Marian McQuade\" (1982) was separated to the non-circulating book collection of the West Virginia Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_21dbb30be4eaf8ef639f749f79329892\"\u003eMuch of this collection documents the efforts of Marian McQuade as the founder of Grandparents Day including information she collected on centenarians of West Virginia. There are also miscellaneous publications and artifacts belonging to her husband, Joseph McQuade, that pertain to coal mining.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Much of this collection documents the efforts of Marian McQuade as the founder of Grandparents Day including information she collected on centenarians of West Virginia. There are also miscellaneous publications and artifacts belonging to her husband, Joseph McQuade, that pertain to coal mining."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ec1bfe00ae5ec9d37996fc1c4995a5db\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008","McQuade, Joseph"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["McQuade, Joseph","McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008"],"persname_ssim":["McQuade, Marian, 1917-2008","McQuade, Joseph"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":558,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:55.068Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1523_c02_c69"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01","viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1930-1945, Animated Movies, The Comic Book, Tarzan, Mandrake, Sunflower St., Will Eisner, Al Hirschfeld\""],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1930-1945, Animated Movies, The Comic Book, Tarzan, Mandrake, Sunflower St., Will Eisner, Al Hirschfeld\""],"text":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Series 1: Research files","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics\"","\"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics, 1930-1945, Animated Movies, The Comic Book, Tarzan, Mandrake, Sunflower St., Will Eisner, Al Hirschfeld\"","\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\"","Box 12","folder 36"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\"","title_ssm":["\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\""],"title_tesim":["\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1929/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"1930-1945, Depression \u0026 WWII and the Urbanization continues\""],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":50,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"containers_ssim":["Box 12","folder 36"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#11/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9853","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9853.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","title_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"title_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1806-2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1806-2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853"],"text":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853","Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans","Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.","Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.","This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. ","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00317","/repositories/2/resources/9853"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Richard Wright."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Comic books, strips, etc","African Americans--Caricatures and cartoons","Racism in popular culture","Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.68 Linear Feet 52 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["21.68 Linear Feet 52 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Drawings (visual works)","Motion pictures (visual work)","Sheet music"],"date_range_isim":[1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePublished books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into nine series: Research files, Collecting records, Minstrel shows, Scrapbooks and portfolios, Original artwork, Print and poster reproductions, Newspapers, Printed materials, and Audiovisual materials. ","Published books and comics can be found in our Rare Books collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026amp; Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Wright (1946-2019) grew up in New York and attended college at Bradley University in Peoria, IL on an academic scholarship. He originally planned to study chemistry but graduated with a Bachelor of Political Science instead. ","\nWright moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where he met and married Minister Deborah V. P. Wright (1953-2012). They had three children together: Aaron Person, Joslynn S. Hamlet, and Porchia M. W. Smith.","\nWright spent the bulk of his career working as a court officer in the social services Department of Child Support in Connecticut until his retirement in 2013. He then moved to Williamsburg, Virgina, where he lived until his passing in 2019.","\nHe was an active member of Faith Tabernacle Missionary Baptist Church in Stamford, Connecticut. He served as a member of the trustee board, and sang in the Male Chorus and Inspirational Choir. Upon relocating to Williamsburg, VA, he joined Colossian Baptist Church in Newport News, and once again served as a choir member. ","\nOutside of the church, Wright also served as the president of the Stamford Chapter of the NAACP, was a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., and worked as a volunteer and mentor for a substance abuse rehabilitation program called Liberation House.","\nWhile living in Stamford, Wright began collecting Black comic books in 1986 because \"he wanted to have a hobby.\" His collection eventually grew beyond comics to include books, art works, photographs, and audio visual materials on the same topic. He saw the images that he collected over the years as a way to better tell the story of the depiction of Black Americans in visual media. In 2019, Wright donated his collection to William \u0026 Mary so that it might be \"a helpful resource to students\" in the future."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam \u0026amp; Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Richard Wright Collection of Graphic Images of African Americans, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eComic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Comic book volumes and other published materials included with this collection have been transfered to Rare Books and cataloged individually."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection, compiled by Richard Wright, focuses on the evolution of the Black American image in print media, cartoons and comics. Wright organized his own historical timeline titled \"Good Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" also referred to as \"Clean Fun: Blacks in Comics,\" in a series of binders with artist biographies and time period summaries. Item titles have been retained from the original labels.","Materials in this collection include: books, comic books, magazines, prints, reference books, slides, photographs, CDs, DVDs, sheet music, newspaper strips, lithographs, and artwork. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":987,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:10:15.256Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9853_c01_c01_c12_c01"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1932","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03","parent_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03","vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Autobiography: \"Hacking It\"","Drafts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Autobiography: \"Hacking It\"","Drafts"],"text":["O.W. Riegel Papers","Autobiography: \"Hacking It\"","Drafts","1932","English .","folder 35"],"title_filing_ssi":"1932","title_ssm":["1932"],"title_tesim":["1932"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1982-1996"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1982/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1932"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":674,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open to research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"date_range_isim":[1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["folder 35"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#2/components#13","timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1900-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1900-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231","O.W. Riegel Papers","Propaganda ","Journalism","This collection is open to research use.","Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.","Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0387","/repositories/5/resources/231"],"normalized_title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"collection_ssim":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"creator_ssm":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"creators_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Propaganda ","Journalism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["75 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open to research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open to research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRiegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Oscar Wetherhold Riegel, also known as Tom, was born in Reading, PA in 1903. Riegel's professional career began as a reporter and editor for the Chicago Tribune in the 1920s. He then shifted his focus to the information gathering and application, attaining a Bachelor's degree in the field from Dartmouth College and later attending Washington and Lee University. ","Riegel became an internationally-known expert on the topic of propaganda in the 1930s after extensive studies of its importance in modern politics. His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePreferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. \u003cp\u003eIn some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Preferred citation: [Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.  In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHighlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives"],"names_coll_ssim":["Riegel, Hunt"],"persname_ssim":["Riegel, O. W. (Oscar Wetherhold)","Riegel, Hunt","Du Pont, Jessie Ball, 1884-1970","Cole, Fred Carrington","Gaines, Francis Pendleton","Labro, Philippe","Davis, J. Paxton","Lauck, Charles Harold","Booth, Augustus Lea","Shultz Charles","Moss, John E. (John Emerson), 1913 - 1997","Kenneth Bald","McGovern, George"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2584,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:52:19.935Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c03_c03_c14"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Morgantown Municipal Records","Addendum of 2018/06/25","1983 CDBG"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Morgantown Municipal Records","Addendum of 2018/06/25","1983 CDBG"],"text":["Morgantown Municipal Records","Addendum of 2018/06/25","1983 CDBG","1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)","Box 31"],"title_filing_ssi":"1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)","title_ssm":["1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)"],"title_tesim":["1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1932- Demo (Demolition Of Listravia Avenue Structure)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1985],"containers_ssim":["Box 31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#43","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:21.485Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1613.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/201687","title_ssm":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"title_tesim":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1838-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1838-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3304","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1613"],"text":["A\u0026M 3304","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1613","Morgantown Municipal Records","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Elections","Politics and government.","All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","The addendum of 2018/06/25 was arranged and its contents list created by AmeriCorps worker(s) and volunteers prior to its donation. Some boxes are described at the folder level, some at the box level. Some boxes described at the folder level do not contain foldered materials; some boxes described at the box level contain foldered materials. Series titles were derived from the original \"box description\".","Collection includes microfilm copies and original municipal records of the city of Morgantown, West Virginia, from the office of the city clerk.","Sixty-one microfilm reels of Morgantown municipal records kept by the city clerk include city council journals of meetings (1838-2013), ordinance books (1905-2013), resolution books (1990-2013), municipal election records (1979-2013), and deed books (1916-2013). The deed books include not only deeds but also contracts, leases, and agreements. There are records of street annulments, private property sold to the city, and about infrastructure facilities such as traffic lights, buses, the airport, and the water treatment plant.","Addendum of 2018/06/25 includes paper records from the office of the city clerk, and some records which appear to be from the office of the city manager. Types of records include reports, correspondence, publications, financial records, and more. Subjects include Community Development Block Grants, Housing and Urban Development, utilities, sidewalks, the Morgantown Municipal Airport, the Beechurst Power Plant, complaints on a variety of subjects, West Virginia University, state government, transportation, City Council, and a variety of other city functions and services.","It is not clear how much overlap exists between the original accession of microfilm reels and the physical content in the addendum; record books are not present in the addendum.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3304","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1613"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"collection_ssim":["Morgantown Municipal Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"creator_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"creators_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"places_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Elections","Politics and government."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Elections","Politics and government."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["67.65 Linear Feet Summary: 67 ft. 7 3/4 in. (47 record cartons, 15 in. each); (61 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["67.65 Linear Feet Summary: 67 ft. 7 3/4 in. (47 record cartons, 15 in. each); (61 reels of microfilm, 1.75 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe addendum of 2018/06/25 was arranged and its contents list created by AmeriCorps worker(s) and volunteers prior to its donation. Some boxes are described at the folder level, some at the box level. Some boxes described at the folder level do not contain foldered materials; some boxes described at the box level contain foldered materials. Series titles were derived from the original \"box description\".\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The addendum of 2018/06/25 was arranged and its contents list created by AmeriCorps worker(s) and volunteers prior to its donation. Some boxes are described at the folder level, some at the box level. Some boxes described at the folder level do not contain foldered materials; some boxes described at the box level contain foldered materials. Series titles were derived from the original \"box description\"."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Morgantown Municipal Records, A\u0026amp;M 3304, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Morgantown Municipal Records, A\u0026M 3304, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection includes microfilm copies and original municipal records of the city of Morgantown, West Virginia, from the office of the city clerk.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSixty-one microfilm reels of Morgantown municipal records kept by the city clerk include city council journals of meetings (1838-2013), ordinance books (1905-2013), resolution books (1990-2013), municipal election records (1979-2013), and deed books (1916-2013). The deed books include not only deeds but also contracts, leases, and agreements. There are records of street annulments, private property sold to the city, and about infrastructure facilities such as traffic lights, buses, the airport, and the water treatment plant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2018/06/25 includes paper records from the office of the city clerk, and some records which appear to be from the office of the city manager. Types of records include reports, correspondence, publications, financial records, and more. Subjects include Community Development Block Grants, Housing and Urban Development, utilities, sidewalks, the Morgantown Municipal Airport, the Beechurst Power Plant, complaints on a variety of subjects, West Virginia University, state government, transportation, City Council, and a variety of other city functions and services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIt is not clear how much overlap exists between the original accession of microfilm reels and the physical content in the addendum; record books are not present in the addendum.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection includes microfilm copies and original municipal records of the city of Morgantown, West Virginia, from the office of the city clerk.","Sixty-one microfilm reels of Morgantown municipal records kept by the city clerk include city council journals of meetings (1838-2013), ordinance books (1905-2013), resolution books (1990-2013), municipal election records (1979-2013), and deed books (1916-2013). The deed books include not only deeds but also contracts, leases, and agreements. There are records of street annulments, private property sold to the city, and about infrastructure facilities such as traffic lights, buses, the airport, and the water treatment plant.","Addendum of 2018/06/25 includes paper records from the office of the city clerk, and some records which appear to be from the office of the city manager. Types of records include reports, correspondence, publications, financial records, and more. Subjects include Community Development Block Grants, Housing and Urban Development, utilities, sidewalks, the Morgantown Municipal Airport, the Beechurst Power Plant, complaints on a variety of subjects, West Virginia University, state government, transportation, City Council, and a variety of other city functions and services.","It is not clear how much overlap exists between the original accession of microfilm reels and the physical content in the addendum; record books are not present in the addendum."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1fa0e1928c3b83f407222986ae13710f\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["Morgantown (W. Va.)"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Morgantown (W. Va.)","Morgantown (W. Va.). City Clerk"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":800,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:21.485Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1613_c01_c01_c44"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02_c30","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02_c30#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02_c30","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02_c30"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02_c30","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","virmu_repositories_2_resources_236_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)","Series 2: General VMFA Properties Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)","Series 2: General VMFA Properties Papers"],"text":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)","Series 2: General VMFA Properties Papers","1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning","English","box SC-01 Box 2","folder Folder 30","Item SC01.02.0.030"],"title_filing_ssi":"1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning","title_ssm":["1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning"],"title_tesim":["1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1985"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1934 Building Renovation: Pre-Planning"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":53,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research. As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809). Both Museum staff and the public may need written permission from the Director to view certain restricted records."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1985],"language_ssim":["English"],"containers_ssim":["box SC-01 Box 2","folder Folder 30","Item SC01.02.0.030"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#29","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:52:26.807Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_236","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_236.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/236","title_filing_ssi":"Oaks (SC-01)","title_ssm":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC-01","/repositories/2/resources/236"],"text":["SC-01","/repositories/2/resources/236","Records of the Oaks (SC-01)","The collection is open for research. As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809). Both Museum staff and the public may need written permission from the Director to view certain restricted records.","The collection is organized into three series. Items are arranged chronologically within each folder and, where relevant, within the series.  Items with no date are placed at the end of a folder or series.","Series 1 The Oaks Papers and Photographs, 1894-1995, undated Series 2 General VMFA Properties Papers, 1934-1990, undated Series 3 The Oaks Miscellaneous, 1935-1969, undated","The Oaks was originally a plantation house built by Edmund Harrison near Mattoax in Amelia County.  Exactly when the house was built is up for debate, with dates ranging from 1745 to 1764, and as late as 1795.  Colonial in style, it was constructed from pine, poplar and bricks that were hand-made on site.  ","During part of its ownership by the Harrison family it was used as a school for boys.  It was then sold to Samuel Jones, later a Confederate officer, in 1839.  Lizzie Edmunds Boyd of Richmond purchased the house and the surrounding 280 acres for $10,000 in 1927.  At that time, the house had been unoccupied for nearly 25 years and had fallen into a state of disrepair. However, it's interior and exterior woodwork were still in good condition in spite of the neglect.  In 1927, Boyd hired the architect K.G. Koltukian and the contractor John. E. Dicks to dismantle, move, and rebuild the house at 307 Stockton Lane, in the newly developed Windsor Farms area in Richmond.  \t","Upon its reassembly, a kitchen and butler's pantry were added, as well as a terraced garden.  Boyd bequeathed her home, The Oaks, later known as Boyd House, to the Virginia Museum in 1975. After its transferral, it was used as the home for the Director of the museum, beginning with Paul Perrot and ending in 2013 with Alex Nyerges, when it was placed on the market and sold.","Source:  The Historic American Buildings Survey  \nSource:  Moving into a Masterpiece  \nSource:  18th-Century House Goes on Market for First Time in its History","Source:  Old and Sold: The Oaks","This collection was left behind in the basement of The Oaks at the time of the property transfer from the Lizzie Edmunds Boyd Estate to the VMFA Foundation in 1975.  The materials were kept in the VMFA Development office until they were transferred to the VMFA Library in 1995.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1894-1995, with the bulk of the material dating from 1976-1984.  The collection comprises correspondence, photographs, prints, receipts, cards, newspaper clippings, brochures, and other ephemeral material.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","This collection documents a portion of the life of Lizzie Edmund Boyd and the history of her home, The Oaks, during her ownership from 1927 until the transfer of ownership to the VMFA in 1975.  In addition, the lives of several of her family members, namely James Boyd Phillips and Asa Phillips, can be seen through official military documents, tax forms, bank records and personal correspondence, offering a glimpse into their time serving in WWII and assimilation back into society after the war's end. \n\nThe contents of the collection can perhaps be best summarized in a portion from a memo from Records Manager Jennie Runnels to Director Katherine Lee on April 7, 1995: \"Dr. Brownell believes these [papers] would be an exciting topic and important to recovering Richmond's rich architectural history.  The boxes contain drawings of the gardens surrounding the Oaks and possibly reference sources used for their redesign, in addition to receipts and invoices pertaining to alterations of the house that took place during Miss Boyd's lifetime.  The material documents not only the social and cultural fabric of Richmond's past but also the history of a home that is important to the Virginia Museum.\"","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC-01","/repositories/2/resources/236"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Oaks (SC-01)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 76 folders"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 76 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809). Both Museum staff and the public may need written permission from the Director to view certain restricted records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809). Both Museum staff and the public may need written permission from the Director to view certain restricted records."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series. Items are arranged chronologically within each folder and, where relevant, within the series.  Items with no date are placed at the end of a folder or series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThe Oaks Papers and Photographs, 1894-1995, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeneral VMFA Properties Papers, 1934-1990, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThe Oaks Miscellaneous, 1935-1969, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series. Items are arranged chronologically within each folder and, where relevant, within the series.  Items with no date are placed at the end of a folder or series.","Series 1 The Oaks Papers and Photographs, 1894-1995, undated Series 2 General VMFA Properties Papers, 1934-1990, undated Series 3 The Oaks Miscellaneous, 1935-1969, undated"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Oaks was originally a plantation house built by Edmund Harrison near Mattoax in Amelia County.  Exactly when the house was built is up for debate, with dates ranging from 1745 to 1764, and as late as 1795.  Colonial in style, it was constructed from pine, poplar and bricks that were hand-made on site.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring part of its ownership by the Harrison family it was used as a school for boys.  It was then sold to Samuel Jones, later a Confederate officer, in 1839.  Lizzie Edmunds Boyd of Richmond purchased the house and the surrounding 280 acres for $10,000 in 1927.  At that time, the house had been unoccupied for nearly 25 years and had fallen into a state of disrepair. However, it's interior and exterior woodwork were still in good condition in spite of the neglect.  In 1927, Boyd hired the architect K.G. Koltukian and the contractor John. E. Dicks to dismantle, move, and rebuild the house at 307 Stockton Lane, in the newly developed Windsor Farms area in Richmond.  \t\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUpon its reassembly, a kitchen and butler's pantry were added, as well as a terraced garden.  Boyd bequeathed her home, The Oaks, later known as Boyd House, to the Virginia Museum in 1975. After its transferral, it was used as the home for the Director of the museum, beginning with Paul Perrot and ending in 2013 with Alex Nyerges, when it was placed on the market and sold.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"http://lcweb2.loc.gov/pnp/habshaer/va/va0200/va0240/data/va0240data.pdf\"\u003eThe Historic American Buildings Survey\u003c/a\u003e \nSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.styleweekly.com/richmond/moving-into-a-masterpiece/Content?oid=1369437\"\u003eMoving into a Masterpiece\u003c/a\u003e \nSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.timesdispatch.com/business/local/article_8e66db28-6fc7-50ba-b669-c9f0b488ea38.html\"\u003e18th-Century House Goes on Market for First Time in its History\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: \u003ca href=\"http://www.oldandsold.com/articles11/virginia-homes-42.shtml\"\u003eOld and Sold: The Oaks\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Oaks was originally a plantation house built by Edmund Harrison near Mattoax in Amelia County.  Exactly when the house was built is up for debate, with dates ranging from 1745 to 1764, and as late as 1795.  Colonial in style, it was constructed from pine, poplar and bricks that were hand-made on site.  ","During part of its ownership by the Harrison family it was used as a school for boys.  It was then sold to Samuel Jones, later a Confederate officer, in 1839.  Lizzie Edmunds Boyd of Richmond purchased the house and the surrounding 280 acres for $10,000 in 1927.  At that time, the house had been unoccupied for nearly 25 years and had fallen into a state of disrepair. However, it's interior and exterior woodwork were still in good condition in spite of the neglect.  In 1927, Boyd hired the architect K.G. Koltukian and the contractor John. E. Dicks to dismantle, move, and rebuild the house at 307 Stockton Lane, in the newly developed Windsor Farms area in Richmond.  \t","Upon its reassembly, a kitchen and butler's pantry were added, as well as a terraced garden.  Boyd bequeathed her home, The Oaks, later known as Boyd House, to the Virginia Museum in 1975. After its transferral, it was used as the home for the Director of the museum, beginning with Paul Perrot and ending in 2013 with Alex Nyerges, when it was placed on the market and sold.","Source:  The Historic American Buildings Survey  \nSource:  Moving into a Masterpiece  \nSource:  18th-Century House Goes on Market for First Time in its History","Source:  Old and Sold: The Oaks"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was left behind in the basement of The Oaks at the time of the property transfer from the Lizzie Edmunds Boyd Estate to the VMFA Foundation in 1975.  The materials were kept in the VMFA Development office until they were transferred to the VMFA Library in 1995.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was left behind in the basement of The Oaks at the time of the property transfer from the Lizzie Edmunds Boyd Estate to the VMFA Foundation in 1975.  The materials were kept in the VMFA Development office until they were transferred to the VMFA Library in 1995."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of The Oaks (SC-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of The Oaks (SC-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1894-1995, with the bulk of the material dating from 1976-1984.  The collection comprises correspondence, photographs, prints, receipts, cards, newspaper clippings, brochures, and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1894-1995, with the bulk of the material dating from 1976-1984.  The collection comprises correspondence, photographs, prints, receipts, cards, newspaper clippings, brochures, and other ephemeral material."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_602aef1020496331a521a05a1a79928c\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection documents a portion of the life of Lizzie Edmund Boyd and the history of her home, The Oaks, during her ownership from 1927 until the transfer of ownership to the VMFA in 1975.  In addition, the lives of several of her family members, namely James Boyd Phillips and Asa Phillips, can be seen through official military documents, tax forms, bank records and personal correspondence, offering a glimpse into their time serving in WWII and assimilation back into society after the war's end. \n\nThe contents of the collection can perhaps be best summarized in a portion from a memo from Records Manager Jennie Runnels to Director Katherine Lee on April 7, 1995: \"Dr. Brownell believes these [papers] would be an exciting topic and important to recovering Richmond's rich architectural history.  The boxes contain drawings of the gardens surrounding the Oaks and possibly reference sources used for their redesign, in addition to receipts and invoices pertaining to alterations of the house that took place during Miss Boyd's lifetime.  The material documents not only the social and cultural fabric of Richmond's past but also the history of a home that is important to the Virginia Museum.\"\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection documents a portion of the life of Lizzie Edmund Boyd and the history of her home, The Oaks, during her ownership from 1927 until the transfer of ownership to the VMFA in 1975.  In addition, the lives of several of her family members, namely James Boyd Phillips and Asa Phillips, can be seen through official military documents, tax forms, bank records and personal correspondence, offering a glimpse into their time serving in WWII and assimilation back into society after the war's end. \n\nThe contents of the collection can perhaps be best summarized in a portion from a memo from Records Manager Jennie Runnels to Director Katherine Lee on April 7, 1995: \"Dr. Brownell believes these [papers] would be an exciting topic and important to recovering Richmond's rich architectural history.  The boxes contain drawings of the gardens surrounding the Oaks and possibly reference sources used for their redesign, in addition to receipts and invoices pertaining to alterations of the house that took place during Miss Boyd's lifetime.  The material documents not only the social and cultural fabric of Richmond's past but also the history of a home that is important to the Virginia Museum.\""],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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