{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Virginia\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":9,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Civil War Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_18#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_18.xml","title_ssm":["Civil War Collection"],"title_tesim":["Civil War Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18"],"text":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18","Civil War Collection","Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence","Additional items may be added to this collection.","Transcriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included.","This collection is arranged in 8 series:","Series I: Battle of Gaines' Mill \nSeries II: William W. Bentley \nSeries III:  Carte de Visites \nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward \nSeries V: William McKinnon \nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan \nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker \nSeries VIII: John C. Barns","Also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.","Born in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Trained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.","William McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.","A printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.","Born in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.","A young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included.","The collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.","Processed by Erica Johnson.","MS-4  Lt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection MS-26  Civil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection","Series I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.","Series II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.","Series III,  Carte de Visites , contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"","Series IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.","Series V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.","Series VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.","Series VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.","Series VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry.","One oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design.","University of Richmond ","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Civil War Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Civil War Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Civil War Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from a private collector in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional items may be added to this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional items may be added to this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in 8 series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Battle of Gaines' Mill\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries II: William W. Bentley\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries III: \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eCarte de Visites\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries V: William McKinnon\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VIII: John C. Barns\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in 8 series:","Series I: Battle of Gaines' Mill \nSeries II: William W. Bentley \nSeries III:  Carte de Visites \nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward \nSeries V: William McKinnon \nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan \nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker \nSeries VIII: John C. Barns"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlso known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTrained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.","Born in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Trained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.","William McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.","A printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.","Born in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.","A young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-13, Civil War Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-13, Civil War Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.","Processed by Erica Johnson."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eMS-4 \u003ca href=\"https://archives.richmond.edu/repositories/4/resources/3\"\u003eLt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eMS-26 \u003ca href=\"https://archives.richmond.edu/repositories/4/resources/15\"\u003eCivil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["MS-4  Lt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection MS-26  Civil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eCarte de Visites\u003c/emph\u003e, contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.","Series II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.","Series III,  Carte de Visites , contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"","Series IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.","Series V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.","Series VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.","Series VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.","Series VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d46f87598275857997b08523fb989a95\"\u003eThis collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design."],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:11:10.530Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_18","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_18.xml","title_ssm":["Civil War Collection"],"title_tesim":["Civil War Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860-2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18"],"text":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18","Civil War Collection","Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence","Additional items may be added to this collection.","Transcriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included.","This collection is arranged in 8 series:","Series I: Battle of Gaines' Mill \nSeries II: William W. Bentley \nSeries III:  Carte de Visites \nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward \nSeries V: William McKinnon \nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan \nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker \nSeries VIII: John C. Barns","Also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.","Born in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Trained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.","William McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.","A printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.","Born in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.","A young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included.","The collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.","Processed by Erica Johnson.","MS-4  Lt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection MS-26  Civil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection","Series I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.","Series II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.","Series III,  Carte de Visites , contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"","Series IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.","Series V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.","Series VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.","Series VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.","Series VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry.","One oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design.","University of Richmond ","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-13","/repositories/4/resources/18"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Civil War Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Civil War Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Civil War Collection"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased from a private collector in 2012."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Research","Communications, Military","Personal correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional items may be added to this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Additional items may be added to this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcriptions of most letters are available within the corresponding series. In some cases, prints created from digital images are also included."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in 8 series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Battle of Gaines' Mill\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries II: William W. Bentley\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries III: \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eCarte de Visites\u003c/emph\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries V: William McKinnon\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker\u003cbr\u003e\nSeries VIII: John C. Barns\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in 8 series:","Series I: Battle of Gaines' Mill \nSeries II: William W. Bentley \nSeries III:  Carte de Visites \nSeries IV: Albert M. Hayward \nSeries V: William McKinnon \nSeries VI: William C. and Amanda Morgan \nSeries VII: Thomas M. Walker \nSeries VIII: John C. Barns"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlso known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTrained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Also known as the First Battle of Cold Harbor or the Battle of the Chicahominy River, the Battle of Gaines' Mill was the third in the 7-Days Battles of the Peninsula Campaign. Taking place on June 27, 1862, in Hanover County, Virginia, Gaines' Mill pitted the troops of General Robert E. Lee against those of Union Brigadier General Fitz John Porter. The battle was a critical juncture in saving the city of Richmond for the Confederacy during the early years of the Civil War.","Born in 1839, William Weldon Bentley was an 1860 graduate of VMI who studied under Thomas J. Jackson. As a VMI cadet, Bentley was present at the execution of John Brown. He joined the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war and served in the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, leading a battalion during Pickett's Charge. Bentley died on July 23, 1924, and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia.","Trained as a wheelwright, Albert M. Hayward enlisted in the Massachusetts 7th Infantry as a private in late August 1862. In this service, Hayward participated in and was wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg, from December 12-15, 1862. He mustered out in June 1864, when the term of service for the company expired.","William McKinnon was a North Carolina resident who enlisted with the North Carolina 26th Infantry as a Private in June 1861. He wrote a brief note to his father, Daniel McKinnon, on June 22, 1862, from Petersburg, Virginia, noting that he and some others were quite ill. McKinnon was later in the battles at Gettysburg in July 1863, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was late transferred to Point Lookout, Maryland, where he died in the hospital on December 6, 1863.","A printer by trade, William C. Morgan of Cornville, Maine, enlisted in the Maine 3rd Infantry on October 19, 1861. He was promoted to captain in September 1861 and Major in 1864. The 3rd Maine saw action at Bull Run in 1861 and 1862, as well as later involvements at Fair Oaks and Gettysburg as well as engagements throughout Virginia, including the 1864 Battle at North Anna, where Morgan was killed on May 23, 1864. Amanda (McClure) Morgan was born on June 14, 1835. The widow of Oliver Case and mother of one child, Amanda and William were parents to two children, Frank born in 1860, and Emma in 1862. Amanda passed away May 10, 1908.","Born in 1834 in Pennsylvania, Thomas McCormick Walker served as an officer with the 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. Beginning as a Major in 1861, Walker led the regiment at Cedar Mountain and Antietam, where he was wounded. He went on to command at Gettysburg and eventually joined the Sherman's Atlanta campaign, earning his promotion to Colonel and eventually Brigadier General by 1865. The 111th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment was known as a powerful fighting unit throughout the Civil War and was the first to enter both Atlanta and Savannah under General Walker's command. In late May 1865, the 111th completed a march from Raleigh, North Carolina, to Richmond, Virginia. Walker mustered out on July 19, 1865.","A young gentleman from Germantown, Pennsylvania, John Barns joined the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry, Company B (California Regiment) in June 1861. During Spring 1862, the regiment took part in the Peninsular campaign, including fighting at Fair Oaks, Chickahominy, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp, among others. Barnes was killed in action during the battle of White Oak Swamp on June 30, 1862."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History","Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector.","Items in this collection were collected by and purchased from a private collector who also supplied transcriptions and research materials included."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-13, Civil War Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-13, Civil War Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Erica Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was removed from the binders it was initially stored in and organized in acid-free folders. The decision was made to maintain all the printed research and reference materials given with the collection as part of the collection itself and can be located within each individual series.","Processed by Erica Johnson."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eMS-4 \u003ca href=\"https://archives.richmond.edu/repositories/4/resources/3\"\u003eLt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eMS-26 \u003ca href=\"https://archives.richmond.edu/repositories/4/resources/15\"\u003eCivil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["MS-4  Lt. Henry L. Kinsey Collection MS-26  Civil War Era Naval Correspondence Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III, \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eCarte de Visites\u003c/emph\u003e, contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Series I, the Battle of Gaines' Mill, contains a handwritten battle report dated July 7, 1862. A direct copy from the original draft, the document is signed by Lt. Robert P. Wilson, who served as AGG for General Joseph J. Bartlett, Brigade Commander, and by Charles Ellis, Bartlett's clerk. In addition to a detailed description of the battle itself, the document also contains several specific listings of casualties and injuries. A transcription and research materials are also included.","Series II, William W. Bentley, contains a four-page handwritten letter from William W. Bentley to his mother, dated July 15, 1863. In the letter, Bentley describes the events of the battle in some detail.  The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as additional research materials on Bentley, including service and census records, and about Pickett's Charge and the 24th Virginia Calvary. Also included are a reproduction of a photograph of the Pulaski County Confederate Veterans and a published book on a later relative of Bentley's.","Series III,  Carte de Visites , contains 2 items. The first photograph is a memorial depiction of Robert E. Lee, from Mosher's Historical Photography, Chicago, Illinois. The second item is a photograph labeled \"Confederate Commanders\" and copyrighted 1885. From the Notman Photo Co., Boston, MA., the back of the photograph is stamped \"with compliments of the Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn.\"","Series IV, Albert M. Hayward, contains a letter written by Hayward to his sister, Martha.  Written from camp near Fredericksburg and dated December 19, 1862, Hayward documents the battle describing movements in some detail. A transcription of the letter is included. Of additional interest is a file containing copies of Hayward's service and pension records, including statements documenting his blindness in one eye as a result of his Civil War injuries.","Series V, William McKinnon, contains a short letter written by McKinnon to his father in June 1862. A confederate soldier, McKinnon briefly documents his illness and need for money. A year later, McKinnon would be wounded and captured in the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, dying in a Maryland hospital later that year. The series also contains a transcription of the letter as well as research materials on McKinnon, other individuals he mentions (especially Noah Deaton), and general information about the 26th North Carolina.","Series VI, William C. and Amanda Morgan, contains three letters exchanged between husband and wife. Amanda's letters, most likely from late 1863, talk of daily events to her husband. William's letters to Amanda were written on May 9 and 13, 1864, just days before he was killed on May 23. Also included are transcriptions of William's letters, printed copies of the letters, and research materials on Morgan and the 3rd Maine.","Series VII, Thomas M. Walker, contains a letter written by Brigadier General Thomas McCormick Walker to his mother on June 1, 1865, just after the march through Richmond towards Washington, D.C. In the letter, he describes his feelings about his military service and the war in general as well as documenting the conditions he saw around them. In the letter, he also describes the battlefield scenes of Chancellorsville and Spotsylvania. Also in the series are a transcription of the letter and additional reference material on Walker and the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry.","Series VIII, John Barns, is the largest series of the collection. A period scrapbook contains 21 letters, the majority sent by Barns to his brother, and document most of Barns' career as a soldier. Also included in the series are transcriptions of the letters and additional reference materials on Barns and the 71st Pennsylvania Infantry."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One oversize photograph is stored in Oversize Drawer #1."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d46f87598275857997b08523fb989a95\"\u003eThis collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a sampling of Civil War correspondence referencing both Union and Confederate soldiers fighting throughout Virginia at various points during the Civil War. Individually acquired, the collection was created by a private collector, so the items were brought together as a collection by his design."],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":37,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:11:10.530Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_18"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Film Footage of the State of Virginia","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2577.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Film Footage of the State of Virginia","title_ssm":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1980s-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980s-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.024"],"text":["Ms.2010.024","Film Footage of the State of Virginia","Virginia","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage","The collection is open for research.","DVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection.","The guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010.","This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria. The film was shot over several years, during the 1980s, 1990s, and up through 2003. This is raw footage and contains no audio. Wherever possible, details of what was filmed is available in the inventory.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The material in the collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"collection_title_tesim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Film Footage of the State of Virginia was purchased by Special Collections in 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Unedited footage"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["DVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Film Footage of the State of Virginia, Ms2010-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Film Footage of the State of Virginia, Ms2010-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria. The film was shot over several years, during the 1980s, 1990s, and up through 2003. This is raw footage and contains no audio. Wherever possible, details of what was filmed is available in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria. The film was shot over several years, during the 1980s, 1990s, and up through 2003. This is raw footage and contains no audio. Wherever possible, details of what was filmed is available in the inventory."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_71bf1f56f7af4b40b0da330dcbe490b4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:35.044Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2577.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Film Footage of the State of Virginia","title_ssm":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["1980s-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980s-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2010.024"],"text":["Ms.2010.024","Film Footage of the State of Virginia","Virginia","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage","The collection is open for research.","DVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection.","The guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010.","This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria. The film was shot over several years, during the 1980s, 1990s, and up through 2003. This is raw footage and contains no audio. Wherever possible, details of what was filmed is available in the inventory.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","The material in the collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2010.024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"collection_title_tesim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Film Footage of the State of Virginia"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Film Footage of the State of Virginia was purchased by Special Collections in 2010."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Unedited footage"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.8 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Unedited footage"],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["DVD Masters and use copies are available in Box 1 of the collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Film Footage of the State of Virginia by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Film Footage of the State of Virginia, Ms2010-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Film Footage of the State of Virginia, Ms2010-024, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Film Footage of the State of Virginia was completed in May 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_71bf1f56f7af4b40b0da330dcbe490b4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains 35 Betacam tapes (also available on 9 DVDs) of raw video footage featuring locations throughout Virginia, including Williamsburg, Richmond, Lake Prince, and Alexandria."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection is in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:35.044Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2577"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"G. William Whitehurst Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Whitehurst, G. William","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e The General Files contain various letters and other materials sent to Whitehurst by constituents and associates and typically include his reply. The subjects dealt with in these files cover the general comments pertaining to local and national matters of interest as well as current legislative issues and Republican Party business. Among the notable issues included in the General Files are files of correspondence covering the Watergate scandal, the Vietnam War, and the oil crises of the 1970's. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_224.xml","title_ssm":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"title_tesim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["[1925]-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["[1925]-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224","G. William Whitehurst Papers","United States","Virginia","Legislators","Political science","Records","Personal Narratives","Impeachments","This collection is open for research use.","\tThe General Files contain various letters and other materials sent to Whitehurst by constituents and associates and typically include his reply. The subjects dealt with in these files cover the general comments pertaining to local and national matters of interest as well as current legislative issues and Republican Party business. Among the notable issues included in the General Files are files of correspondence covering the Watergate scandal, the Vietnam War, and the oil crises of the 1970's. ","The Legislative sample pertains to specific bills which were pending in Congress. This sample predictably includes a great number of letters from various lobby groups. \n    The Whitehurst collection provides insight into the prevelant viewpoints of the American public, as represented by the members of Whitehurst's district, on the pressing issues of the day. In addition, researchers utilizing this collection should also be able with some accuracy to ascertain not only the attitudes of the average citizen, but also to gain an understanding of the wide variety of tasks and matters a Congressman must necessarily deal with each day. ","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House","Whitehurst, G. William","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"collection_ssim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["United States","Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["United States","Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creator_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creators_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"places_ssim":["United States","Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Legislators","Political science","Records","Personal Narratives","Impeachments"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Legislators","Political science","Records","Personal Narratives","Impeachments"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["230 Linear Feet Congressional Records - uncataloged","56 Linear Feet Represented by this finding aid - WLU-Coll-0378"],"extent_tesim":["230 Linear Feet Congressional Records - uncataloged","56 Linear Feet Represented by this finding aid - WLU-Coll-0378"],"date_range_isim":[1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], G. William Whitehurst Papers, WLU Coll. 0378, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], G. William Whitehurst Papers, WLU Coll. 0378, Special Collections, Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA. In some cases the citation format may vary. Please contact Special Collections staff to verify the appropriate format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tThe General Files contain various letters and other materials sent to Whitehurst by constituents and associates and typically include his reply. The subjects dealt with in these files cover the general comments pertaining to local and national matters of interest as well as current legislative issues and Republican Party business. 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Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House","Whitehurst, G. William"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House"],"persname_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-14T07:03:06.171Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_224.xml","title_ssm":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"title_tesim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["[1925]-1987"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["[1925]-1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224","G. William Whitehurst Papers","United States","Virginia","Legislators","Political science","Records","Personal Narratives","Impeachments","This collection is open for research use.","\tThe General Files contain various letters and other materials sent to Whitehurst by constituents and associates and typically include his reply. The subjects dealt with in these files cover the general comments pertaining to local and national matters of interest as well as current legislative issues and Republican Party business. Among the notable issues included in the General Files are files of correspondence covering the Watergate scandal, the Vietnam War, and the oil crises of the 1970's. ","The Legislative sample pertains to specific bills which were pending in Congress. This sample predictably includes a great number of letters from various lobby groups. \n    The Whitehurst collection provides insight into the prevelant viewpoints of the American public, as represented by the members of Whitehurst's district, on the pressing issues of the day. In addition, researchers utilizing this collection should also be able with some accuracy to ascertain not only the attitudes of the average citizen, but also to gain an understanding of the wide variety of tasks and matters a Congressman must necessarily deal with each day. ","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House","Whitehurst, G. William","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0378","/repositories/5/resources/224"],"normalized_title_ssm":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"collection_ssim":["G. William Whitehurst Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["United States","Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["United States","Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creator_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"creators_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. 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Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. House"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House","Whitehurst, G. William"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","United States. Congress. House"],"persname_ssim":["Whitehurst, G. William"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-14T07:03:06.171Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_224"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Robertson, James I., Jr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:47.968Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Meadows Heritage","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1381.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195682","title_ssm":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"title_tesim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1975-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381"],"text":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381","Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records","Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Genealogy","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"collection_ssim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Meadows Heritage"],"creator_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"creators_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"places_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records, A\u0026amp;M 3141, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records, A\u0026M 3141, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_57521c47b974a415e01a27c7d41b4dce\"\u003eThe microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cb45831ed4364afeeb3c311b8c175ef1\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"famname_ssim":["Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family"],"persname_ssim":["Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:12:29.282Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1381.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195682","title_ssm":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"title_tesim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1975-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381"],"text":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381","Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records","Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Genealogy","No special access restriction applies.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","The microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3141","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1381"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"collection_ssim":["Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Meadows Heritage"],"creator_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"creators_ssim":["Meadows Heritage"],"places_ssim":["Monroe County (W. Va.)","Kentucky","Virginia","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogy"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogy"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["0.15 Linear Feet Summary: 1 3/4 in. (1 reel of microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records, A\u0026amp;M 3141, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Meadows Heritage Genealogy Records, A\u0026M 3141, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_57521c47b974a415e01a27c7d41b4dce\"\u003eThe microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The microfilm contains family group sheets and other genealogical information on the descendants of Francis Meadows of Virginia and Monroe County, Arris Meadows of Greenbrier County and Kentucky, Jacob Meadows of Mercer County, and Thomas Mead/Meador of Virginia. The information had been collected by Meadows Heritage, a family organization, since 1975."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cb45831ed4364afeeb3c311b8c175ef1\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"famname_ssim":["Jennings family","Meador family","Burnside family","Meadows family","Mead family"],"persname_ssim":["Meadows Heritage","Mangum, Elizabeth Jennings.","Green, Barbara."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:12:29.282Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1381"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Pocahontas Mines Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3408.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pocahontas Mines Collection","title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.002"],"text":["Ms.2004.002","Pocahontas Mines Collection","Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia","Coal mines and mining","The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.","Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.","Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993","Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
","The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.","VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 .","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives between 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNamed for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\"\u003ehttp://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation\u003c/title\u003e. Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\"\u003ehttps://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections\"\u003eArchives \u0026amp; Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System\u003c/a\u003e has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3AUS-PPiU-ais199116/viewer\"\u003eCONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt:US-PPiU-ais201103/viewer\"\u003eConsolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026amp;S) and of Departure (E\u0026amp;W), Remarks. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eN.B.:\u003c/emph\u003e TT looks like pi sometimes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_05df6dc8647f32fb0cccd4fb0e012461\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee2d1a6b6c2b2e5f072d0c6b7635b921\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2404,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3408.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pocahontas Mines Collection","title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1883-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1883-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.002"],"text":["Ms.2004.002","Pocahontas Mines Collection","Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia","Coal mines and mining","The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.","Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.","Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993","Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
","The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.","VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 .","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Pocahontas Mines Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"places_ssim":["Tazewell County (Va.)","Virginia","West Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives between 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Coal mines and mining"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Coal mines and mining"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 605 Cubic Feet 802 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research. A few files are restricted for confidentiality, and these are identified in the inventory."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital copies of items in Series I, Scanned Rolls are available.  An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections and University Archives to request a copy of an image."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Several items in the collection were deaccessioned: a slip screen, assorted hardware and pencils, paper wrappers and sleeves, blank forms, blank columnar pads, blank substitution cards, blank hardback maps, and blank ledgers."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection is divided into series based on material type:","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992 \nSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997 \nSeries III. Books, 1914-1995 \nSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNamed for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026amp; Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026amp; Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\"\u003ehttp://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026amp; Coke Company.\" \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe West Virginia Encyclopedia\u003c/title\u003e. Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\"\u003ehttps://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMcGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation\u003c/title\u003e. Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\"\u003ehttps://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eWikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016. \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\"\u003ehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings\u003c/a\u003e.
\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Named for its proximity to Pocahontas, Virginia, and Great Flat Top Mountain in West Virginia, the Pocahontas Coalfield or Flat Top-Pocahontas Coalfield spans 900 square miles along the Virginia-West Virginia border. Discovered in the mid-1800s, the coalfield was eventually mined in the 1860s, when local blacksmith Jordan Nelson started selling coal from his land. Cartographer Jedidiah Hotchkiss began boasting about the coalfield in his publications, and he engaged Isaiah A. Welch to survey the resources in the area. ","In 1876, Hotchkiss had the coal exhibited at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition by Thomas Graham, who banded several Philadelphia businessmen together to exploit the resources of the coalfield. They expanded the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railroad (later Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway) to transport coal out of the coalfield, established the Flat-Top Trust (later Flat-Top Coal Land Association) to manage land holdings, and formed the Southwest Virginia Improvement Company (later Pocahontas Colleries Company) to develop mining operations.","In 1882, the town of Pocahontas, Virginia, was founded to support the mining operations, and the first mine in the coalfield was opened to Pocahontas Seam #3 (now known as Pocahontas Mine No. 1 or Baby Mine). A number of competing mining and land companies developed in the 1880s around the Pocahontas Coalfield. John Cooper formed the Mill Creek Coal \u0026 Coke Company in 1884, J.P. Bowen founded the Booth-Bowen Coal \u0026 Coke Company, and William McQuail operated the Turkey Gap Coal \u0026 Coke Company. Jenkin Jones established the Pocahontas Consolidated Collieries Company, Inc. of West Virginia (later Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc.), by merging the Pocahontas Colleries Company and other companies together in 1907.","In 1901, the Flat-Top Coal Land Association, a subsidiary of Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway, reorganized as the Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke Company of New Jersey. The next year, the Railway leased land to U.S. Steel in a deal granting it acreage to form the United States Coal \u0026 Coke Company at Gary, West Virginia. In 1939, Pocahontas Coal \u0026 Coke became Pocahontas Land Corporation, chartered in Virginia, and, in 1977, the company chartered the Pocahontas Kentucky Corporation (later Pocahontas Development Corporation). In 1982, Norfolk \u0026 Western merged with the Southern Railway to become Norfolk Southern.","In 1860, several Maryland coal operators merged their companies into the Consolidation Coal Company. The company began mining operations in West Virginia when it acquired the Fairmont Coal Company in 1903. After further expansion, Consolidation Coal merged with the Pittsburgh Coal Company into the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company in 1945. In 1956, the company acquired the Pocahontas Fuel Co., Inc., and in 1991, DuPont Energy and RWE A.G. acquired and changed the company's name to CONSOL Energy, Inc.","Sources Bailey, Kenneth R. \"Pocahontas Land Corporation.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1877 . CONSOL Energy Inc. \"Our History.\" Accessed November 2014.  http://www.consolenergy.com/about/our-history .
 McGehee, C. Stuart. \"Pocahontas No. 3 Coal Seam.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/1880 . McGehee, C. Stuart. \"U.S. Coal \u0026 Coke Company.\"  The West Virginia Encyclopedia . Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/844 . McGehee, Stuart, and Eva McGuire.  A Century of Stewardship: The History of Pocahontas Land Corporation . Bluefield, WV: Pocahontas Land Corporation, [2001].
 \"Pocahontas Mine No. 1.\" National Register Information System ID #94001651, National Register of Historic Places, Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=031d4c80-95d8-49ae-b10a-dcc828d079f7 . Wikipedia. \"Consol Energy.\" Accessed June 28, 2021.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consol_Energy . Wikipedia. \"Pocahontas Fuel Company Store and Office Buildings.\" Accessed November 2016.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocahontas_Fuel_Company_Store_and_Office_Buildings .
"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Pocahontas Mines Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Pocahontas Mines Collection, Ms2004-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Pocahontas Mines Collection was completed in 2018. The historical note and sources were revised in 2021. Additional ledgers were integrated in November 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026amp; Western Railway.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.library.pitt.edu/archives-special-collections\"\u003eArchives \u0026amp; Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System\u003c/a\u003e has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3AUS-PPiU-ais199116/viewer\"\u003eCONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt:US-PPiU-ais201103/viewer\"\u003eConsolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["VT Special Collections and University Archives maintains several collections from related coal mining companies and the Norfolk \u0026 Western Railway.","The  Archives \u0026 Special Collections in the University of Pittsburgh Library System  has two collections from CONSOL Energy Inc. related to mining operations in Pennsylvania,  CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records, 1857-2010, AIS.1991.16  and  Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, AIS.2011.03 ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lKo9SV53oqtCRUOmOZiCQSyYeYYuFIZ79dIKyw9uyEs/edit?usp=sharing\"\u003eAn inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.\u003c/a\u003e Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026amp;S) and of Departure (E\u0026amp;W), Remarks. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eN.B.:\u003c/emph\u003e TT looks like pi sometimes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. ","The collection is divided into four series based on type: I. Scanned rolls, II. Unscanned rolls and documents, III. Books, and IV. Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys. ","Series I. Scanned rolls, 1891-1992, contain 3475 maps in 261 boxes, totaling approximately 135 cu. ft. Most of these rolls are mining or mine survey maps, and when possible, the maps are identified with title, company, coalbed, mine name, county, state, USGS quadrangle, dates, and notes. Related scanned rolls are identified by CON number, and some related items are unscanned and identified in Series II. The items in this series have been scanned, and their digital file ids are the CON# (e.g. CON1_1 or CON3209) assigned by the DMME. Some maps also have OSM Doc, MSHA, and/or USBM numbers.","Please note: An inventory of the scanned rolls is available to view online; descriptions are currently in progress.  Please contact Special Collections to request a copy of an image.","Series II. Unscanned rolls and documents, 1883-1997, contains 464 boxes, totaling approximately 360 cu. ft. Most rolls are mining and topo maps, mechanical and architectural drawings, and photographs that have not been scanned. Some rolls may be duplicates, very similar to, or of the same mine/area as scanned maps in Series I and are noted when possible by identifying the CON digital file number (e.g. \"similar to CON2501\" or \"see also CON153\").","Series III. Books, 1914-1995, contains 2940 vols. in 62 boxes, totaling 64.48 cu. ft. It consists of mainly field notebooks from mine surveys and some related papers for surveys. There are publications in boxes B61 and B62.","Series IV. Ledgers, 1916-1993, contains 42 boxes, totaling 45.02 cu. ft. It primarily consists of survey record books (not field notebooks). Many record \"Survey By\", \"Traverse by\", Notebook No., Page No., Station, Azimuth, Reduced Vernier, Cosine, Horizontal Distances, Sine, Latitude (North and South), Departure (East and West), Sums of Latitude (N\u0026S) and of Departure (E\u0026W), Remarks.  N.B.:  TT looks like pi sometimes."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_05df6dc8647f32fb0cccd4fb0e012461\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Pocahontas Mines Collection, 1883-1997, documents the mining operations of CONSOL Energy, Inc. and its predecessor coal mining companies in the Pocahontas, Virginia, area, including numerous counties in southwest Virginia and eastern West Virginia. The collection is divided into four series based on type: Scanned rolls, Unscanned rolls and documents, Books, and Ledgers. The scanned and unscanned rolls are primarily of mining maps and related oversized items, such as mechanical building and equipment drawings, plats, and topographic maps. The books and ledgers generally relate to mining surveys."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee2d1a6b6c2b2e5f072d0c6b7635b921\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Consolidated Coal Company (Luzerne County, Pa.)","Pocahontas Fuel Company, Inc."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2404,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:26:52.383Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3408"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Poverty Series Records","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePapers include funding requests, planning documents, conference reports, annual reports, and financial statements from the programs and projects supported by the Total Action against Poverty organization in Roanoke Valley and the Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resource Studies. These programs and projects include Harrison Museum of African American Culture, Human Resource Foundation, Project Discovery, Second Harvest, Virginia CARES, and Virginia Water Project.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_156.xml","title_ssm":["Poverty Series Records"],"title_tesim":["Poverty Series Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1965-1997","Bulk 1970-1990"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["Bulk 1970-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1965-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0256","/repositories/5/resources/156"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0256","/repositories/5/resources/156","Poverty Series Records","Virginia","Human services","Nonprofit organizations","Records","Blue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (4/24/01)","Papers include funding requests, planning documents, conference reports, annual reports, and financial statements from the programs and projects supported by the Total Action against Poverty organization in Roanoke Valley and the Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resource Studies. These programs and projects include Harrison Museum of African American Culture, Human Resource Foundation, Project Discovery, Second Harvest, Virginia CARES, and Virginia Water Project.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  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The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.  Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"names_coll_ssim":["Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resources Studies","Total Action Against Poverty in Roanoke Valley","Harrison Museum of African American Culture","Human Resource Foundation","Project Discovery of Virginia","Second Harvest (Organization)","Virginia Community Action ReEntry System","Southeast Rural Assistance Project","Brand, Cabell"],"names_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resources Studies","Total Action Against Poverty in Roanoke Valley","Harrison Museum of African American Culture","Human Resource Foundation","Project Discovery of Virginia","Second Harvest (Organization)","Virginia Community Action ReEntry System","Southeast Rural Assistance Project","Brand, Cabell"],"corpname_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resources Studies","Total Action Against Poverty in Roanoke Valley","Harrison Museum of African American Culture","Human Resource Foundation","Project Discovery of Virginia","Second Harvest (Organization)","Virginia Community Action ReEntry System","Southeast Rural Assistance Project"],"persname_ssim":["Brand, Cabell"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:50:43.656Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_156","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_156.xml","title_ssm":["Poverty Series Records"],"title_tesim":["Poverty Series Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["Inclusive 1965-1997","Bulk 1970-1990"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["Bulk 1970-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Inclusive 1965-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0256","/repositories/5/resources/156"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0256","/repositories/5/resources/156","Poverty Series Records","Virginia","Human services","Nonprofit organizations","Records","Blue sheet prepared by Betty Kondayan (4/24/01)","Papers include funding requests, planning documents, conference reports, annual reports, and financial statements from the programs and projects supported by the Total Action against Poverty organization in Roanoke Valley and the Cabell Brand Center for International Poverty and Resource Studies. 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The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_882.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/212424","title_ssm":["United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records"],"title_tesim":["United Mine 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/882","United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records","Kentucky","Virginia","Blankenship vs. Boyle.","Coal miners","Coal mining - Medical care.","Dental care","Dentists","Drugs and druggists.","Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation","Requires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies.","In 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.","The original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.","From 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.","The 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.","The host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.","The problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.","Friction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them.","The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.","Letters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  ","The archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  ","The archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.","The archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  ","There is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.","There are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material.","The following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:","Printed material sent to WVU Medical Center Library: \nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946. \nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2. \n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)","Printed material sent to WVU Evansdale Library: \n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.","Printed material discarded: \n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)","The following material has been separated to the Map Collection: \nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 2769","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/882"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records"],"collection_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Kentucky","Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Kentucky","Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"creator_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"creators_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"places_ssim":["Kentucky","Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blankenship vs. Boyle.","Coal miners","Coal mining - Medical care.","Dental care","Dentists","Drugs and druggists.","Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blankenship vs. Boyle.","Coal miners","Coal mining - Medical care.","Dental care","Dentists","Drugs and druggists.","Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["183.71 Linear Feet 183 ft. 8.5 in. (2 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (314 document cases, 5 in. each); (39 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 oversize box, 3 in.); (1 oversize box, 6 in.) (6 ledgers, 3 in. each); (2 document rolls, 5.5 in.); (3 motion pictures, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["183.71 Linear Feet 183 ft. 8.5 in. (2 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (314 document cases, 5 in. each); (39 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 oversize box, 3 in.); (1 oversize box, 6 in.) (6 ledgers, 3 in. each); (2 document rolls, 5.5 in.); (3 motion pictures, 4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFriction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969 \u003ctitle\u003eBlankenship vs. Boyle\u003c/title\u003e class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.","The original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.","From 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.","The 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.","The host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.","The problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.","Friction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records, A\u0026amp;M 2769, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records, A\u0026M 2769, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the \u003ctitle\u003eBlankenship vs. Boyle\u003c/title\u003e class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.","Letters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  ","The archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  ","The archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.","The archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  ","There is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.","There are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material sent to WVU Medical Center Library:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material sent to WVU Evansdale Library:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material discarded:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following material has been separated to the Map Collection:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:","Printed material sent to WVU Medical Center Library: \nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946. \nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2. \n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)","Printed material sent to WVU Evansdale Library: \n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.","Printed material discarded: \n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)","The following material has been separated to the Map Collection: \nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_66e9c478a0a538e82e9f6a4a0e1dda4c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation","Requires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies.","In 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.","The original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.","From 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.","The 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.","The host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.","The problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.","Friction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them.","The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.","Letters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  ","The archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  ","The archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.","The archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  ","There is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.","There are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material.","The following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:","Printed material sent to WVU Medical Center Library: \nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946. \nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2. \n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)","Printed material sent to WVU Evansdale Library: \n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.","Printed material discarded: \n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)","The following material has been separated to the Map Collection: \nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961","English \n.    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Health and Retirement Funds"],"creator_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"creators_ssim":["United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds"],"places_ssim":["Kentucky","Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Blankenship vs. Boyle.","Coal miners","Coal mining - Medical care.","Dental care","Dentists","Drugs and druggists.","Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Blankenship vs. Boyle.","Coal miners","Coal mining - Medical care.","Dental care","Dentists","Drugs and druggists.","Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 1969.","Health services.","Hospitals and hospital records.","Hospitals and sanitariums.","Medicine. SEE ALSO Folk medicine.","Lungs -- Dust diseases","Physicians - letters and papers.","Silicosis","United Mine Workers of America Health and Retirement Funds - copayment system.","Vocational rehabilitation"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["183.71 Linear Feet 183 ft. 8.5 in. (2 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (314 document cases, 5 in. each); (39 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 oversize box, 3 in.); (1 oversize box, 6 in.) (6 ledgers, 3 in. each); (2 document rolls, 5.5 in.); (3 motion pictures, 4 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["183.71 Linear Feet 183 ft. 8.5 in. (2 document cases, 2.5 in. each); (314 document cases, 5 in. each); (39 records cartons, 15 in. each); (1 oversize box, 3 in.); (1 oversize box, 6 in.) (6 ledgers, 3 in. each); (2 document rolls, 5.5 in.); (3 motion pictures, 4 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires \"Agreement for Use\" form designed specifically for this collection, since special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFriction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969 \u003ctitle\u003eBlankenship vs. Boyle\u003c/title\u003e class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1946, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) President John L. Lewis demanded a pension and medical care program for American coal miners.  The collective bargaining agreement of the same year between the Union and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Julius A. Krug established two trust funds, one for welfare and retirement payments and another for medical care benefits.  Krug signed the agreement on behalf of the industry because the U.S government had seized the country's coal mines during the miners' 1946 strike.","The original names for the pension and medical care plan was the Welfare and Retirement Fund.  Coal companies paid money to the Fund according to a royalty per ton of coal mined.  The royalty rose gradually from five cents per ton in 1946 to eighty-two cents per ton in 1974.  The first welfare and medical checks reached beneficiaries in 1947, but a dispute between the union and the coal industry held up the first pension check to a retired miner until 1948.","From 1946 until 1971, there was a close relationship between the UMWA and the Fund.  There were three members of the Fund Board of Trustees, one each for the union and the industry and one \"neutral\" trustee.  John L Lewis held the Union's trusteeship from 1946 until his death in 1969, while his close associate and director of the Fund, Josephine Roche, was the neutral trustee from 1950 to 1971.  UMWA President W.A. \"Tony\" Boyle served as the Union's trustee from 1969 to 1971.  Collective bargaining agreements between the Union and the coal industry established the royalty payments to the Fund.  But the collaboration between Lewis and Roche, and later Boyle and Roche, placed policy-making decisions in the Union's hands and indirectly led to the abuses and mismanagement of the Funds that were made public in the late 1960s.","The 1946 Kruger-Lewis agreement called for an investigation of coal miners' health and medical treatment, sanitation, and housing in the coal fields.  This study took place in 1946-47 under the direction of Rear Admiral Joel T. Boone, Navy Medical Corps.  Boone's report, \"Medical Survey of the Bituminous Coal Industry,\" revealed inadequate health facilities, lack of qualified physicians, and poor housing and sanitation in many parts of the coal fields.  Accordingly, in 1948 Warren F. Draper became the Fund's executive medical officer in charge of ten Area Medical Offices covering mining districts.  These offices arranged for the delivery of medical care to eligible coal miners by doctors in the coal fields.","The host of difficulties with the Fund's health care program from 1948 to 1951 led to a decision to build and staff ten hospitals in Kentucky, West Virginia, and Virginia.  These Miners Memorial Hospitals opened their doors in 1955 and 1956, offering modern facilities and equipment and well-trained medical staff to the Fund's beneficiaries.  Due to the gradual decline of the coal industry during the 1950s and 1960s and to the corresponding decrease in the number of beneficiaries for medical care programs, the Fund decided in 1963 to transfer the hospitals to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc., a non-profit corporation established by the Board of National Missions of the United Presbyterian Church.","The problem which led to the transfer of the hospitals also affected the other parts of the Fund's programs.  The Board of Trustees changed eligibility requirements for pensions in 1953 and 1960, responding to declining payments form the royalty on coal tonnage.  These changes reduced the number of retired miners who qualified for pensions.  A revision in the health care program in 1962 denied benefits to miners whose employers were delinquent in making payments to the Fund.  These changes in the Fund's programs, coupled with the Board of Trustees' investment decisions for Fund financial reserves, stirred much resentment among coal miners.  Their criticism of the Fund escalated in step with their dissatisfaction with the UMWA leadership in the late 1960s.","Friction between rank and file coal miners, the UMWA, and the Fund produced the 1969  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit.  On behalf of 17,000 miners who had been denied benefits by the Fund, this suit alleged that Fund finances had been mismanaged and that pension eligibility requirements were arbitrary and capricious.  The presiding judge's decision in 1971 found in favor of the plaintiffs and began a series of important changes for the Fund, including the removal of trustees and the director, diverting Fund monies to new bank accounts and investments, and implementing new pension application procedures. As a result of the eligibility portion of the judge's decision, thousands of miners previously denied pensions began to receive them."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records, A\u0026amp;M 2769, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], United Mine Workers of America, Health and Retirement Funds, Records, A\u0026M 2769, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the \u003ctitle\u003eBlankenship vs. Boyle\u003c/title\u003e class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) archives consists of the records of the first industry-wide pension and medical care plans for coal miners and their families in the United States.  The archives comprise approximately 156 linear feet of records from the years 1946-1974, and include minutes, resolutions, correspondence, memos, reports, transcribed speeches, lawsuit documents, construction plans, contracts, statistical reports, newspaper clippings, photographs, microfilmed reading files, sound recordings, and movie film.","Letters, memos, and reports in the archives document the relationship between the UMWA and the Health and Retirement Funds.  There are correspondence files for John L. Lewis, Josephine Roche, W.A. (Tony) Boyle, and\nother members of the Funds' Board of Trustees, 1946-1974. There are also newspaper clippings, letters, and lawsuit documents concerning the 1969 UMWA election, the  Blankenship vs. Boyle  class action lawsuit, and the U.S. Senate investigation of the Funds.  ","The archives also include extensive records on the creation and implementation of hospitalization and medical care policies.  There are letters, memos, reports, minutes, and agenda of professional health care meetings, speeches and addresses concerning the administration of health care delivery in the coal fields, the hiring and retention of physicians and other medical personnel, and the provision of various types of medical care, from routine examinations to vocational rehabilitation for the victims of mining accidents.  ","The archives include a variety of documents on the building, dedication, and administration of the Miners Memorial Hospitals in Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky.  There are volumes of minutes, resolutions, and exhibits from meetings of the Miners Memorial Hospital Associations of Virginia, West Virginia, and Kentucky, from 1951-1964.  There are also construction plans, contracts, photographs, sound recordings, and movie film of groundbreaking and dedication ceremonies, as well as extensive documentation on the implementation of medical care programs through the hospitals. Additional letters, memos, reports, contracts, and printed material concern the transfer of the Miners Memorial Hospitals from the Funds to the Appalachian Regional Hospitals, incorporated in 1963.","The archives' medical care records also include material on the dispute between the Funds' medical professionals and the American Medical Association (AMA) concerning the issue of free choice of physicians  There are letters,\ntranscribed hearings of local medical associations, sound recordings of Kentucky legislative hearings, and printed material revealing the policies of both the Funds and the AMA and the cases of individual physicians employed or retained by the Funds whom the AMA barred from membership.  ","There is voluminous correspondence among the Funds' trustees, officers, administrators, and beneficiaries concerning the eligibility requirements for pensions, funeral expense payments, disability payments, widow's\nmaintenance payments, and hospitalization and health care.  These letters, appearing in large groups throughout the archives, reveal the changes in the Funds eligibility and benefit requirements and the attitudes of coal miners and their dependents to the establishment of the pension and medical care programs and the revision of these programs from the late 1940s to the early 1970s.","There are also multiple addenda to the main collection and a set of ledgers, certificates, and other material. These addenda contain wage agreements, correspondence between area medical offices and others, court papers, correspondence regarding the retention of medical services at various facilities, annual reports, and other material."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material sent to WVU Medical Center Library:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material sent to WVU Evansdale Library:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrinted material discarded:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following material has been separated to the Map Collection:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following material has been separated from Series 14. ADD of 1982/02/27, Area Medical Offices and Other Material:","Printed material sent to WVU Medical Center Library: \nHarry E. Handley and Carolina R. Randolph, \"Eight Years of Public Health Work, Jones Conty Mississippi, 1937-1944,\" NY, Commonwealth Fund, 1946. \nLeslie A. Falk, \"Medical Sociology: The Contribution of Dr. Henry E. Siquist,\" Repritn from journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 1958 Vol. 13, No. 2. \n\"25 Anniversary Report from the Hospital Research and Education Trust\" (1970)","Printed material sent to WVU Evansdale Library: \n\"USDA Testimony Proposing Long Range Agricultural Policy and Programs,\" before Congressional Committees on Agriculture, April 21, October 6-8, 1947.","Printed material discarded: \n\"Appalachia\" Vol. 7, No. 4 (1974)","The following material has been separated to the Map Collection: \nPopulation distribution map, Benefit Trust Beneficiaries, 1950."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_66e9c478a0a538e82e9f6a4a0e1dda4c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate","Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United Mine Workers of America. Health and Retirement Funds","American Medical Association","Appalachian Regional Hospitals, Inc.","Disabled Miner's Association of West Virginia 2769","Miners Memorial Hospital Association","United Mine Workers of America","United States. Congress. Senate"],"persname_ssim":["Abbott, Marilyn","Boone, Joel Thompson, 1889-1974","Barger, Joe Douglas.","Boyle, William Anthony, 1904-1985","Burke, William, L. P.","Collisson, Captain N.H.","Dawson, Charles I.","Draper, W. F. (Warren Fales), 1883-1970","Horn, Ezra Van.","Huge, Harry.","Kaiser, Henry J., 1882-1967","Kerr, Lorin E., 1909-","Lewis, John L. (John Llewellyn), 1880-1969","Mitch, Val J.","Murray, Thomas E.","Newdrop, John M.D.","Owen, Charles A.","Painter, Dr. John H.","Roche, Josephine A. (Josephine Aspinwall), 1886-1976","Schmidt, Godfrey P.  (Godfrey Peter), 1903-1998","Van Horn, Ezra.","Ward, Harold.","Woods, Philip, Dr., D.D.S.","Yablonski, Joseph A., 1910-1969","Bridges, Styles, 1898-1961"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3183,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:21:48.874Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_882"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_11","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_11.xml","title_filing_ssi":"William and Anne Fleming Family papers","title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1754-1833, 2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"text":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11","William and Anne Fleming Family papers","Virginia","Kentucky","Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery","The collection is open for research use.","William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.","WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers","This collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.","The subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. One folder holds items specific to Kentucky but there are other documents throughout the collection that also have relevance to Kentucky, such as correspondence, land records, and receipts. Daniel Boone's name can be found throughout the collection as he was hired to survey land within what is now Kentucky. Notable signatures within the collection include Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, James Monroe, and Benjamin Harrison. The collection also includes an account book kept by Fleming between 1765-1783. Some accounts are medical in nature. Lastly, the collection holds George Baxter's honorary degree from the University of South Carolina dated circa 1812.","There are transcriptions for correspondence and other items which were done in 2000.","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source.","Washington and Lee University, University Library Special Collections and Archives","Washington Academy (Lexington, Va.)","Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William","Jefferson, Thomas","Henry, Patrick","Fleming, John Christian","Christian, Israel","Christian, William","Boone, Daniel","English"],"unitid_tesim":["WLU.Coll.0009","/repositories/5/resources/11"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"collection_ssim":["William and Anne Fleming Family papers"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Leyburn Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"creator_ssm":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"creators_ssim":["Baxter, Anne Christian Fleming","Fleming, William"],"places_ssim":["Virginia","Kentucky"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law.  The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials.  Any materials used should be fully credited with the source."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Land grants","Correspondence","Slavery"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear Feet four boxes, five oversize folders, one account volume","1 Reels 1 microfilm reel. Contains index."],"date_range_isim":[1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Fleming was born in Scotland on Feburary 18, 1729. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and served in the British navy. He moved to the colony of Virginia in 1755, landing first in Norfolk before moving to Williamsburg. There, he was commissioned as an ensign to serve under Col. George Washington. He engaged in border warfare. Fleming eventually settled in Staunton where he married Anne Christian on April 9, 1763. He gave up medicine for farming in Botetourt County (now Montgomery) at his estate called Bellmont. From 1777-1779, he represented several districts, including Kentucky, in the Virginia Senate. He took an active part in Western Affairs, twice heading commissions to Kentucky. In his last appearance as a public servant, Fleming represented Botetourt in the state convention which ratified the Federal Constitution. Fleming died on August 5, 1795.","Anne Christian Fleming was born in 1744 in Staunton, Virginia to Israel and Elizabeth Christian. She had two siblings: William and Rosanna. Anne and William Fleming married in 1763. They had two children: Ebenezer and Annie."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], William and Anne Fleming Family Papers (WLU Coll. 0009), Special Collections and Archives, James G. Leyburn Library, Washington and Lee University, Lexington, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["WLU Coll 0003: George A. Baxter family papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains papers created by or related to William and Anne Fleming and several family members on Anne's side, including her parents, Israel and Elizabeth, and her brother, William.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe subjects include Fleming's accounts of his trips to Kentucky, his journal of the first Kentucky convention of which he served as chair, letters about business, Kentucky land claims, and family affairs. There are commissions, wills and estate inventories, land surveys and indentures, a manuscript map, and documents related to Indigenous nations. Other documents mention enslaved people, usually those who were to be inherited. 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