{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=233","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=235","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=239"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":234,"next_page":235,"prev_page":233,"total_pages":239,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":2330,"total_count":2384,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Williamsburg Trips","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files"],"text":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Alphabetical Files","Williamsburg Trips","box 89"],"title_filing_ssi":"Williamsburg Trips","title_ssm":["Williamsburg Trips"],"title_tesim":["Williamsburg Trips"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williamsburg Trips"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1110,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1979],"containers_ssim":["box 89"],"_nest_path_":"/components#7/components#226","timestamp":"2026-05-10T08:11:25.710Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek, papers","title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1930-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1930-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"text":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers","Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century","Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).","Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University ","The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 302","/repositories/5/resources/142"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"creators_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 20th century"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Mrs. McClenahan in April 1994. Additional materials were added in 1996 and in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Nonprofit organizations -- Virginia -- Richmond","Associations, institutions, etc. -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence (1933-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III--Other organizations (1951-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V--Politics (1985-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNote: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into a series of eight sections. Series I is primarily correspondence to Mrs. McClenahan. Series II consists of material of twelve major civic and volunteer organizations with which she was involved. Because of the volume of the materials, each organization in this series was divided into its own subseries. Series III is composed of other organizations in which she was active, but of sufficient quantity to justify its own subseries. The material in this series is divided alphabetically. Series IV is a collection of her speeches and articles. The speeches in this series are unidentified by audience or sponsor or affiliated with a group not otherwise not listed in another series. Additional speeches may be found in organizational series by checking folder headings. Series V contains material regarding political candidates and issues. Series VI consists of material relating to the various schools, colleges and universities she has been associated with and is divided alphabetical. Series VII contains material relating to her work with St. Paul's Episcopal Church. Series VIII consists of a variety of material reflecting Mrs. McClenahan's daily activities, social plans, and wide range of interests. [See the NOTE under Series for additional materials added in 2000.]","Series I--Correspondence (1933-1993)","Series II--Major volunteer organizations, Subseries A: Arts Council of Richmond (1982-1988), Subseries B: Maymont Foundation (1979-1992), Subseries C: Metropolitan Richmond Chamber of Commerce (1981-1992), Subseries D: Planned Parenthood (1942-1992), Subseries E: Richmond Better Housing Coalition (1984-1993), Subseries F: Richmond-On-The-James (1978-1988), Subseries G: Richmond Renaissance (1982-1990), Subseries H: Richmond Urban Forum (1982-1990), Subseries I: Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1957-1993), Subseries J: Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1983-1990), Subseries K: Virginia Historical Society (1990-1993), Subseries L: Poplar Forest (1988-1993)","Series III--Other organizations (1951-1993)","Series IV--Speeches and Articles (1955-1993)","Series V--Politics (1985-1993)","Series VI--Schools, Colleges and Universities (1948-1993)","Series VII--St. Pauls' Episcopal Church (1937-1992)","Series VIII--Alphabetical Files (1935-1993)","Note: Additional materials were added in July 2000. The materials in these containers, boxes 91-109, were added to the end of the collection and are divided as follows: Correspondence (n.d., 1930-1998); Maymont Foundation (n.d., 1983-1997); Richmond Better Housing Coalition (n.d., 1988-1999); Richmond Renaissance (n.d., 1987-1996); miscellaneous colleges and schools (n.d., 1967-1997); Richmond Urban Forum (19- 19); Robert E. Lee Memorial Foundation (1968-1993); St. Paul's Episcopal Church (n.d., 1984-1998); Stratford Hall (n.d., 1984-1989); Virginia Historical Society (n.d., 1983-1992); Virginia Union University (n.d., 1988- 1993); and miscellaneous civic and volunteer organizations (n.d., 1967-1998)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSome of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMember, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eClubs include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eAwards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRichmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eHonorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDoctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan is a Richmond community leader, activist and philanthropist. She has been described as the \"conscience of Richmond\" for her contributions to the Richmond community in the areas of racial harmony, housing, Richmond revitalization and historic preservation. She has also been active in the arts, her church, and education.","Born in Richmond on April 6, 1917, Mary Tyler is the daughter of Douglas Southall Freeman (1886-1953), noted historian and journalist, and Inez Goddin Freeman (1891-1974). She attended St. Catherine's School and Vassar College, receiving an A.B. in English-Creative Writing in 1937.","After college she worked briefly as a secretary in the Department of Fine Arts of William and Mary College where she met Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1908-1992), then head of the department. They married in 1939. The Cheeks lived in Baltimore for three years while Mr. Cheek was Director of the Baltimore Museum of Fine Arts and in Washington, D.C. during World War II. While Mr. Cheek served in the Army, Mrs. McClenahan volunteered as a nurse's aid. After Cheek's discharge from the Army in 1945, they lived in New York City where Cheek had been hired as an Associate Editor of Architectural Forum Magazine. The couple returned to Richmond when Cheek became the first director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (1948-1968). The Cheeks had four children. After Mr. Cheek's death in 1992, Mrs. Cheek married Dr. John Lorimer McClenahan, a retired Pennsylvanian radiologist, the following year.","Mrs. McClenahan is responsible for a number of Richmond civic initiatives, including bringing together the 35 groups that make up the Richmond Better Housing Coalition and founding the Richmond Urban Forum. She was twice president of the Virginia League for Planned Parenthood and has participated as a volunteer and board member of numerous Richmond civic organizations, including Richmond Renaissance and Richmond-On- The- James. She has also been an active member of Richmond's historic St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","Some of the organizations Mrs. McClenahan has been associated with include: ","Member, Executive Committee and Board of The Arts Council of Richmond \nMember, 175th Anniversary of the Executive Mansion Commission \nAdvisory Committee Girl Scouts \nMember, Board of Historic Richmond Foundation \nDame and Member of the Board of Governors of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem \nMember, National Committee, Jefferson Poplar Forest Fund \nMember, Board of Leadership Metro Richmond \nMember, Board of Maymont Foundation \nChairman, Film Committee of the National Council for America's First Freedom: The Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom \nRichmond AIDS Ministry \nCo-Chairman, Richmond Better Housing Coalition \nMember, Board of Richmond Hill \nMember, Board of Richmond-On-The-James \nMember, Executive Committee and Board of Richmond Renaissance \nFounder and Honorary Chairman, Richmond Urban Forum \nDirector for Virginia and Past President, Robert E. Lee Memorial Association which administers Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee \nFormer Vestry member and Junior Warden of St. Paul's Episcopal Church \nMember, Board of Theatre Virginia Past President (twice) and honorary board member of Virginia League for Planned Parenthood \nTrustee, Virginia Union University ","Clubs include: ","Cosmopolitan Club, NYC \nHroswitha Club, NYC \nJames River Garden Club, Richmond \nRichmond First Club \nRichmond Kiwanis \nVirginia Writer's Club \nWoman's Club of Richmond ","Awards Mrs. McClenahan has received include: ","Richmond's Christmas Mother (1973) \nAssociation for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities' Mary Maso Williams Award (1977) \nJunior League of Richmond's Barbara Renson Andrews Award for Distinguished Volunteer Service (1982) \nSt Catherine's School's Distinguished Alumni Award (1983) \nVirginia League of Planned Parenthood Distinguished Service Award (1984) \nNational Conference of Christian and Jews' Brotherhood Citation (1985) \nOmicron Delta Kappa's Conspicuous Attainment Award (1986) \nYWCA of Richmond's Outstanding Woman of the Year (1986) \nRichmond First Club's Good Government Award (1987) \nRichmond Urban League's Charlotte T. Washington Community Services Award (1988) \nStyle Magazine's Richmonder of the Year (1991) \nHousing Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.) Fair Housing Award \nH.O.M.E. Sallie Wilson Peake Memorial Award for Outstanding Support of Fair Housing \nNational Multiple Sclerosis Society, Silver Hope Award (1994) ","Honorary Degrees Mrs. McClenahan has received: ","Doctor of Humanities from University of Richmond \nDoctor of Humane Letters from St. Paul's College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Washington and Lee University \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Hollins College \nDoctor of Humane Letters from Virginia Commonwealth University "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan Papers, M 302, Special Collection and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, clippings, various organizational minutes, reports and files, drafts of speeches, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1933 through 1993. The bulk of the collection dates from the late 1970s through the early 1990s and focuses on Mrs. McClenahan's involvement on issues of race, housing, historic preservation, and Richmond revitalization.","The organizational records in the collection include material from many of Richmond's major civic organizations, including Planned Parenthood, the Richmond Better Housing Coalition, Richmond-On-The-James, Richmond Renaissance and the Richmond Urban Forum. The activities of other organizations are also represented to a lesser degree. A number of these organizations are represented in other collections within Special Collections \u0026 Archives. Please ask a staff member for more information.","The collection also contains material documenting Mrs. McClenahan's involvement in education, the arts and politics in Richmond and Virginia, in St. Paul's Episcopal Church, and speeches she has given. Other material in the collection ranges from correspondence of friends and family to material on her daily life, social plans, family holidays and vacations to information on her various interests"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)","McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","St. Paul's Church (Richmond, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["McClanahan, Mary Tyler Cheek","McClenahan, Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2899,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-10T08:11:25.710Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_142_c08_c227"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Williams, Delbert: Bass","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Musicians"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Musicians"],"text":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Musicians","Williams, Delbert: Bass","box 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Williams, Delbert: Bass","title_ssm":["Williams, Delbert: Bass"],"title_tesim":["Williams, Delbert: Bass"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1971-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1971/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Williams, Delbert: Bass"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":121,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"containers_ssim":["box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#118","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_114.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"text":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114","Richmond Symphony records","Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond","Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.","The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.","Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.","The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by The Board of the Richmond Symphony 10 March 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["22 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":770,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c01_c119"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"William S. Thornton awards","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_145"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_145"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"text":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection","William S. Thornton awards","box 2","folder 17"],"title_filing_ssi":"William S. Thornton awards","title_ssm":["William S. Thornton awards"],"title_tesim":["William S. Thornton awards"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1988, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William S. Thornton awards"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":15,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 17"],"_nest_path_":"/components#14","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_145","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_145.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 306","/repositories/5/resources/145"],"text":["M 306","/repositories/5/resources/145","Richmond Crusade for Voters collection","Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Voting -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","African Americans -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Collection is open for use without restrictions.","Materials donated in binders are arranged in their original order. Other materials are arranged by record type.","The Richmond Crusade for Voters was founded in 1956, and grew out of The Council to Save Public Schools, a Richmond organization formed to fight a January 1956 law which allowed cities in Virginia the option of closing public schools rather than integrating them. The three co-founders of the Crusade were Dr. William S. Thornton, Dr. William Ferguson Reid, and John M. Brooks. These three men founded the Richmond Crusade for Voters with the goal of \"increasing effective black participation in Richmond's political process\" (Nov-Dec 1988 edition of Richmond Surroundings). The Crusade's mission is \"...to increase the voting strength of the population of the city of Richmond and to improve the moral, social, economic, educational and general welfare of our people\" (\"Richmond Free Press,\" January 1, 1994).","The collection includes materials collected by Crusade for Voters historian William A. Thornton and William S. Thompson. The date range of the collection, from the early 1950s until 1995, spans the history of the organization. The bulk of the collection was donated in two large binders, the contents of which have been rehoused but maintained in their original order, organized roughly by the terms of Crusade presidents. The binders hold minutes, correspondence, historian's reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, campaign flyers, financial reports, and similar materials, many of which are photocopies. In addition to the binders, the collection also holds a variety of loose material including correspondence, financial records, clippings and newsletters, flyers, awards, photographs, and reports as well as documents pertaining to the organization's history and voting in Richmond, Virginia. Much of this loose material is duplicated in the photocopied contents of the binders.","A video, on the history of the Crusade from the television news program \"Impact,\" originally accompanied the collection and has been cataloged separately.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Crusade for Voters (Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 306","/repositories/5/resources/145"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Crusade for Voters collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"creator_ssim":["Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"creators_ssim":["Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"places_ssim":["Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials in this collection were donated by Dr. William S. Thornton, a founder and the first president of Richmond Crusade for Voters, and William A. Thornton who served as the organization's historian. The donations were made in November 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Voting -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","African Americans -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Voting -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","African Americans -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".83 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".83 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for use without restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for use without restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials donated in binders are arranged in their original order. Other materials are arranged by record type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials donated in binders are arranged in their original order. Other materials are arranged by record type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Crusade for Voters was founded in 1956, and grew out of The Council to Save Public Schools, a Richmond organization formed to fight a January 1956 law which allowed cities in Virginia the option of closing public schools rather than integrating them. The three co-founders of the Crusade were Dr. William S. Thornton, Dr. William Ferguson Reid, and John M. Brooks. These three men founded the Richmond Crusade for Voters with the goal of \"increasing effective black participation in Richmond's political process\" (Nov-Dec 1988 edition of Richmond Surroundings). The Crusade's mission is \"...to increase the voting strength of the population of the city of Richmond and to improve the moral, social, economic, educational and general welfare of our people\" (\"Richmond Free Press,\" January 1, 1994).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Richmond Crusade for Voters was founded in 1956, and grew out of The Council to Save Public Schools, a Richmond organization formed to fight a January 1956 law which allowed cities in Virginia the option of closing public schools rather than integrating them. The three co-founders of the Crusade were Dr. William S. Thornton, Dr. William Ferguson Reid, and John M. Brooks. These three men founded the Richmond Crusade for Voters with the goal of \"increasing effective black participation in Richmond's political process\" (Nov-Dec 1988 edition of Richmond Surroundings). The Crusade's mission is \"...to increase the voting strength of the population of the city of Richmond and to improve the moral, social, economic, educational and general welfare of our people\" (\"Richmond Free Press,\" January 1, 1994)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Richmond Crusade for Voters collection, Collection # M 306, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Richmond Crusade for Voters collection, Collection # M 306, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes materials collected by Crusade for Voters historian William A. Thornton and William S. Thompson. The date range of the collection, from the early 1950s until 1995, spans the history of the organization. The bulk of the collection was donated in two large binders, the contents of which have been rehoused but maintained in their original order, organized roughly by the terms of Crusade presidents. The binders hold minutes, correspondence, historian's reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, campaign flyers, financial reports, and similar materials, many of which are photocopies. In addition to the binders, the collection also holds a variety of loose material including correspondence, financial records, clippings and newsletters, flyers, awards, photographs, and reports as well as documents pertaining to the organization's history and voting in Richmond, Virginia. Much of this loose material is duplicated in the photocopied contents of the binders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes materials collected by Crusade for Voters historian William A. Thornton and William S. Thompson. The date range of the collection, from the early 1950s until 1995, spans the history of the organization. The bulk of the collection was donated in two large binders, the contents of which have been rehoused but maintained in their original order, organized roughly by the terms of Crusade presidents. The binders hold minutes, correspondence, historian's reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, campaign flyers, financial reports, and similar materials, many of which are photocopies. In addition to the binders, the collection also holds a variety of loose material including correspondence, financial records, clippings and newsletters, flyers, awards, photographs, and reports as well as documents pertaining to the organization's history and voting in Richmond, Virginia. Much of this loose material is duplicated in the photocopied contents of the binders."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA video, on the history of the Crusade from the television news program \"Impact,\" originally accompanied the collection and has been cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A video, on the history of the Crusade from the television news program \"Impact,\" originally accompanied the collection and has been cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Crusade for Voters (Richmond, Va.) -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Crusade for Voters (Richmond, Va.) -- Archives","Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Crusade for Voters (Richmond, Va.) -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Thornton, William A.","Thornton, William S."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_145_c15"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William T. Ham, Jr. papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_318#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_318#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_318.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Ham, William T., Jr. papers","title_ssm":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318"],"text":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318","William T. Ham, Jr. papers","Collection is open to research.","This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. ","Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026 Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. ","During World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. ","In 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in  Operation Ranger,  a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for  Project Ichiban,  a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. ","When MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. ","Over his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. ","Ham married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham.","The papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. ","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. ","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the  Atomic Energy Commission  and the  Operation Ranger,  which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and  Congressional Testimony  which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. ","Subseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ","Subseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered  Art and Science  lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. ","Subseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled,  The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled,  Biophysics at MCV, 1948-1968 , and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the estate of William T. Ham, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEfforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. ","Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026amp; Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eOperation Ranger,\u003c/title\u003e a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eProject Ichiban,\u003c/title\u003e a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOver his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHam married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026 Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. ","During World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. ","In 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in  Operation Ranger,  a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for  Project Ichiban,  a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. ","When MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. ","Over his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. ","Ham married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Guide to the Papers of Dr. William T. Ham, Jr., 1933-1996. Accession # 2010/May/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Dr. William T. Ham, Jr., 1933-1996. Accession # 2010/May/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAtomic Energy Commission\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eOperation Ranger,\u003c/title\u003e which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCongressional Testimony\u003c/title\u003e which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eArt and Science\u003c/title\u003e lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBiophysics at MCV, 1948-1968\u003c/title\u003e, and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. ","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. ","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the  Atomic Energy Commission  and the  Operation Ranger,  which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and  Congressional Testimony  which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. ","Subseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ","Subseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered  Art and Science  lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. ","Subseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled,  The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled,  Biophysics at MCV, 1948-1968 , and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_318","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_318.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Ham, William T., Jr. papers","title_ssm":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1996"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318"],"text":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318","William T. Ham, Jr. papers","Collection is open to research.","This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. ","Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026 Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. ","During World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. ","In 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in  Operation Ranger,  a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for  Project Ichiban,  a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. ","When MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. ","Over his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. ","Ham married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham.","The papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. ","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. ","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the  Atomic Energy Commission  and the  Operation Ranger,  which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and  Congressional Testimony  which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. ","Subseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ","Subseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered  Art and Science  lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. ","Subseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled,  The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled,  Biophysics at MCV, 1948-1968 , and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["2010.May.5","/repositories/3/resources/318"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["William T. Ham, Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the estate of William T. Ham, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["7 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEfforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into three series: Series 1, Personal Papers, 1933-1995; Series 2, Professional Papers, 1937-1996; and Series 3, MCV Papers, 1948-1994. ","Efforts have been made to maintain the original organization when possible. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026amp; Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eOperation Ranger,\u003c/title\u003e a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eProject Ichiban,\u003c/title\u003e a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhen MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOver his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHam married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr. (1908-1998) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to William and Lucy Ham. He attended Episcopal High School and then the University of Virginia where he received a B.S. in Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Physics in 1931, 1933, and 1935 respectively. After completing his degrees at Virginia, Ham taught physics at Columbia University from 1936 to 1937. Upon the death of his father in 1937, he worked briefly in the family flour business, W.T. Ham \u0026 Company, Inc. In 1938, he returned to the University of Virginia to assist Dr. Jesse Beams and Dr. Leland B. Snoddy who were developing ultracentrifugation to separate uranium isotopes as part of the Manhattan Project. ","During World War II Ham served in the Pacific with the United States Marine Corp. He was assigned as a radar officer for the 5th AA Battalion on Okinawa at the conclusion of the war. Ham left the Marine Corps in 1946, having attained the rank of Major. He returned to Charlottesville to head the Division of Physics and Electronics at the Institute of Textile Technology. ","In 1948, Ham joined the faculty of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) as an associate professor. He worked with Dr. Everett I. Evans and his team to study the biological effects of thermal and ionizing radiation in nuclear warfare. He also participated in  Operation Ranger,  a series of nuclear tests that provided important data on the time duration of thermal flash from a nuclear fireball, conducted in Nevada in 1951. This data aided studies on thermal flash burns and provided the U.S. military with crucial information for planning strategies. Ham went with a five-man team to Japan in 1956, at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission. The team investigated the feasibility of gathering accurate data on the exact level of radiation exposure for each survivor of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Their findings were the foundation for  Project Ichiban,  a program to document the location of survivors at the instant the bombs detonated. Since many survivors were indoors at the time of detonation, the project recreated traditional wood-frame Japanese houses on a test site in Nevada. These structures were subjected to a simulated nuclear blast to study their shielding properties. ","When MCV created the Department of Biophysics in 1953, Ham became the first chair and was promoted to the rank of full professor. He taught courses on biophysics and radiobiology. In addition he continued his research on retinal burns in rabbits, collaborated with colleagues, and served as a consultant for groups such as the Atomic Energy Commission, Corning Glass Works, Eastman Kodak Co., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Polaroid Corporation, and Xerox, among others. As laser technology developed in the 1960s, Ham began to study the ocular effects of laser radiation and other light sources such as the sun. Ham and his colleagues conducted research that demonstrated the damaging effects of extended exposure to blue light and its role in age-related macular degeneration. He retired as chair of Biophysics in 1976, and was named professor emeritus. Ham continued as an active researcher until 1989. ","Over his career Ham authored 40 published papers, and received numerous recognitions including the Life Achievement Award in Science presented by the Science Museum of Virginia in 1990 and the George M. Wilkening Award in Laser Safety in 1997. Ham has been described as a pioneer and leader in the biomedical application of lasers and as an expert on the effects of radiant energy on the retina. ","Ham married Jean Stratton Anderson (b. 1913) of Aberdeen, Scotland in 1940. They had two children, Christina Duncan Anderson Ham and Elspeth Read Ham."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA Guide to the Papers of Dr. William T. Ham, Jr., 1933-1996. Accession # 2010/May/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["A Guide to the Papers of Dr. William T. Ham, Jr., 1933-1996. Accession # 2010/May/5, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAtomic Energy Commission\u003c/title\u003e and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eOperation Ranger,\u003c/title\u003e which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCongressional Testimony\u003c/title\u003e which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eArt and Science\u003c/title\u003e lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBiophysics at MCV, 1948-1968\u003c/title\u003e, and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. William Taylor Ham, Jr., contain both personal and professional materials, but are primarily composed of items relating to his work as a biophysist and as a professor at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV). The collection includes accounts, correspondence, lecture and conference materials, notebooks, his journal articles, research reports, unpublished works, and papers relating to his tenure as a professor and chair of the Department of Biophysics at MCV. ","Series 1: Personal Papers, 1933-1995. The collection contains the personal papers of Ham including accounts and receipts, correspondence, curriculum vitae and biographies of Ham and his colleagues, educational materials (including his school notebooks, thesis, and transcripts), family genealogy, the papers of his wife Jean Stratton (Anderson) Ham (pertaining mostly to her process of immigration and naturalization), estate papers of his mother Lucy G. Ham, photographs, short stories composed by Ham, United States Marine Corps material, and other personal papers. ","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1937-1996. Consists of papers relating to Ham's professional career. This series is divided into four subseries.","Subseries 2.1: Correspondence and Subject Files. Contains general correspondence relating to Ham's professional life. This series also contains files kept by Ham on specific colleagues and subjects, which include correspondence and related materials. Files of particular note are the  Atomic Energy Commission  and the  Operation Ranger,  which highlight Ham's participation in research on the effects of nuclear warfare and  Congressional Testimony  which includes his presentation before Congress on the hazards of laser radiation. ","Subseries 2.2: Notebooks. This subseries contains notebooks, 1948-1988, which include notes on experiments and research projects, meetings, professional literature, lectures, and some personal reflections. Items of note include a separate volume detailing Ham's work on a grant to study the effects of radiation on rabbit retinas for the Atomic Energy Commission from 1958 to 1963. His notebook dated 1954-1957, contains notes and reflections on his trip to Japan in 1956. Ham traveled to Japan at the behest of the National Research Council and the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study the feasibility of gathering specific data on radiation exposure received by those who survived the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. ","Subseries 2.3: Conferences, Lectures, and Workshops. This subseries is comprised of materials relating to conferences, lectures, symposiums, and workshop in which Ham participated. Of particular interest are the several drafts of his often-delivered  Art and Science  lecture and his talks on nuclear weapons and civil defense that he presented to civic groups and schools. ","Subseries 2.4: Articles, Reports, and Unpublished Works. Contains drafts of scientific papers and reprints of journal publications authored or co-authored by Ham. They pertain mainly to the effects of light and radiation on the eye and flash burns or retinal damage due to nuclear weapons. This series contains Ham's unpublished book manuscript entitled,  The Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation of the Eye.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1948-1994. This series consists of papers relating to Ham's tenure at the Medical College of Virginia. It includes correspondence, course files, materials relating to the Department of Biophysics, and other items associated with his career at MCV. Of interest is the history of the Department of Biophysics written by Ham entitled,  Biophysics at MCV, 1948-1968 , and his course files which contain notebooks with lecture notes and other materials relating to his teaching. This series includes background information compiled by VCU in 1994 to refute allegations that the University conducted unethical radiation studies during the 1950s, in which Ham participated."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:15:57.245Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_318"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Willie Dell papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_580#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Dell, Willie","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_580#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_580#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_580.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dell, Willie, papers","title_ssm":["Willie Dell papers"],"title_tesim":["Willie Dell papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580"],"text":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580","Willie Dell papers","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject.","Willie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. ","\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.","\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.","\nSources: ","Hayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\"  In The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia , Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.","Randolph, Lewis A.  Rights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia . 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. ","The collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written.","The Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.","Correspondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. ","Political campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.","Dell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.","Dell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council","Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willie Dell papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Willie Dell papers"],"collection_ssim":["Willie Dell papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creator_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creators_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated on behalf of Willie Dell by Lewis Randolph in 1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".42 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".42 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\" \u003ctitle\u003eIn The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRandolph, Lewis A. \u003ctitle\u003eRights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Willie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. ","\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.","\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.","\nSources: ","Hayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\"  In The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia , Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.","Randolph, Lewis A.  Rights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia . 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillie Dell papers, 1972-1994, Collection # M 61, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, Collection # M 61, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePolitical campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.","Correspondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. ","Political campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.","Dell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.","Dell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond (Va.). City Council","Randolph, Lewis A."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council","Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council"],"persname_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_580.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Dell, Willie, papers","title_ssm":["Willie Dell papers"],"title_tesim":["Willie Dell papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580"],"text":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580","Willie Dell papers","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject.","Willie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. ","\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.","\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.","\nSources: ","Hayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\"  In The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia , Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.","Randolph, Lewis A.  Rights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia . 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. ","The collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written.","The Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.","Correspondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. ","Political campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.","Dell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.","Dell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council","Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 61","/repositories/5/resources/580"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Willie Dell papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Willie Dell papers"],"collection_ssim":["Willie Dell papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creator_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"creators_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated on behalf of Willie Dell by Lewis Randolph in 1997."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":[".42 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".42 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by alphabetical order by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\" \u003ctitle\u003eIn The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRandolph, Lewis A. \u003ctitle\u003eRights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Willie Jones Dell was the first Black woman to serve on the Richmond City Council. She earned her bachelor's degree from St. Augustine College in Raleigh, North Carolina and earned her master's degree from Richmond Professional Institute in 1960. After graduating, she became a caseworker for the Richmond Department of Public Welfare, and was head of the department's maternal and infant care project in 1969. Dell left public service to become an assistant professor in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Social Work later that year. Her husband was Rev. Nathan Dell, pastor of the East End's Woodville Presbyterian Church. As members of the church, Dell and her husband often engaged in community improvement projects. ","\nDell became directly involved in politics following the attempted annexation of areas of Chesterfield County by the city of Richmond in 1972. The United States Supreme Court ordered the creation of new council districts to combat the racial motivations of the attempted annexation. Dell was appointed to city council in 1973 to the Northside 3rd District after its creation. She would later run for election to the position in 1977. In her role as a council member, Dell advocated for the rights of Richmond's Black citizens. She helped operate the Richmond Crusade for Voters to ensure equal opportunity for Black voters. Her efforts focused primarily on the mobilization of predominantly lower-working-class citizens in her constituency, which garnered her a reputation as a radical within the city council and conservative communities. She served in her council position until 1982, after losing the election to Black conservative candidate, Roy West.","\nIn 1985, Dell began work as a missionary in Haiti, working with St. Joseph's orphanage and the Missionaries of Charity in Port au Prince. She later became an advocate for Richmond's elderly population as executive director of the Richmond Community Senior Center. She currently lives in Richmond, VA.","\nSources: ","Hayter, Julian Maxwell. \"'The Dream Is Lost': Henry Marsh and Black Governance in an Era of White Political Resistance.\"  In The Dream Is Lost: Voting Rights and the Politics of Race in Richmond, Virginia , Chapter 5. University Press of Kentucky, 2017.","Randolph, Lewis A.  Rights for a Season : The Politics of Race, Class, and Gender in Richmond, Virginia . 1st ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWillie Dell papers, 1972-1994, Collection # M 61, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, Collection # M 61, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was originally accessioned in 1997. Susan King and Raven Harris processed the collection in 2002 and wrote a draft finding aid. The collection was rehoused and reprocessed in 2019 and a new DACS-compliant finding aid was written."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePolitical campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Willie Dell papers, 1972-1994, is a collection of material used by and related to former Richmond City Council member, Willie Dell. The collection consists of Dell's correspondence, political campaign files, city council administrative files, news clippings, and other assorted materials related to politics in the Richmond area. The collection provides a look into Black politics in Richmond in the decades following the Civil Rights Movement. The collection additionally provides insight into the increased involvement of women in local politics, as well as the backlash from certain communities as a result.","Correspondence in the collection is primarily from Dell's supporters and constituents, both praising and criticizing Dell's performance as a politician and representative of the Black community. Correspondents include two incarcerated convicts, praising Dell's performance in advocating for the rights of black citizens. Additionally, there are instances of correspondence directed to Dell's husband, Rev. Nathan Dell, including one which comments on Willie Dell's perceived behavior. ","Political campaign literature within the collection consist of posters, pamphlets, sample ballots, endorsements, and statements from Dell regarding her campaigns for city council in 1972 and 1984. Posters and pamphlets provide brief overviews of Dell's political stances as well as voting information. Endorsements of Dell, such as one from WANT-AM Radio, praise her experience and optimistic plan for the black citizens of Richmond.","Dell's City Council administrative materials include copies of resolutions passed during her time as a council member. Supplementing the resolutions is an index of resolutions' subjects passed in City Council from 1975 to 1980. Additional City Council files include a citizen feedback forms used by Dell in 1984 to gauge the performance of the City Council.","Dell's newspaper clipping collection is primarily composed of articles regarding the participation of Black citizens in the Richmond political process. The clippings focus on Dell's political campaigns, the exploits and successes of the Richmond Crusade for Voters, and specific Richmond politicians such as Roy West, Henry Marsh, and Manuel Deese."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond (Va.). City Council","Randolph, Lewis A."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council","Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond (Va.). City Council"],"persname_ssim":["Dell, Willie","Randolph, Lewis A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:11.514Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_580"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists"],"text":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists","Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File","title_ssm":["Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File"],"title_tesim":["Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilson, Nancy: Publicity File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":185,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1979],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#59","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_114.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"text":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114","Richmond Symphony records","Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond","Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.","The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.","Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.","The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by The Board of the Richmond Symphony 10 March 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["22 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":770,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c60"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wilson, Nancy: Vocal","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01","vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists"],"text":["Richmond Symphony records","Personnel","Guest Artists","Wilson, Nancy: Vocal","box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wilson, Nancy: Vocal","title_ssm":["Wilson, Nancy: Vocal"],"title_tesim":["Wilson, Nancy: Vocal"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilson, Nancy: Vocal"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":184,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1979],"containers_ssim":["box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#58","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_114","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_114.xml","title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-1982"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-1982"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"text":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114","Richmond Symphony records","Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond","Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.","The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.","Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.","The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 257","/repositories/5/resources/114"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"collection_ssim":["Richmond Symphony records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by The Board of the Richmond Symphony 10 March 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Symphony orchestras -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["22 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to Series I must by granted in writing by the Executive Director of the Richmond Symphony."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are arranged alphabetically within each series except Correspondence, which is arranged first chronologically and then alphabetically. Series I--Personnel (1969-1981); Subseries: Musicians, Guest Artists, Staff, Applicants for Positions; Series II--Concerts (1973-1981); Series III--Programs/Brochures (1962-1980); Series IV--Planning/Operations (1965-1982); Series V--Correspondence (1973-1982); Series VI--Oversized Materials (1980). Located in oversize area."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia's capitol had its own symphony orchestra for a brief period in the 1930's; but the present Richmond Symphony dates from 1956, when it was founded as a community orchestra. Edgar Schenkman led the orchestra as its music director and conductor from its founding until 1971, when direction was taken over by French conductor Jacques Houtmann. The Symphony expanded greatly during Houtmann's sixteen years of leadership, achieving regional orchestra status and turning its part-time \"Little Symphony\" into a full-time Sinfonia in 1973. The first such professional symphonic ensemble to be established in Virginia, the Richmond Sinfonia proceeded to expand its schedule, particularly in the area of in-school concerts for Virginia's school children. Further performing flexibility was lent by the Symphony's String, Brass, and Woodwind Ensembles. The development of student concerts and the sponsorship of youth orchestras rounded out the Symphony's extensive involvement with music education in the state. In 1987 the orchestra welcomed its third director, the young George Manahan from the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. The Richmond Symphony continues to be the largest performing arts organization in Virginia. Concert series, both classical and popular, are held in the Richmond Mosque and the Virginia Center for the Performing Arts (Carpenter Center). These and other special performances are supported by foundations, private donations, and grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and the Virginia Commission for the Arts. The Symphony's season runs approximately from October to April."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Richmond Symphony Archives, M 257, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, contracts, and publicity materials, chiefly from the 1970's. Most of the material focuses on the artistic and financial arrangements made for each season's performances, though considerable attention is also given to special programs, public relations, and fundraising activities. Individual files detail the association with the Symphony of both members and guest artists. These may include personal data as well as professional details."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Symphony"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Symphony"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":770,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:14:44.484Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_114_c01_c02_c59"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert W. Stewart papers","Architectural Drawings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert W. Stewart papers","Architectural Drawings"],"text":["Robert W. Stewart papers","Architectural Drawings","Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William","Map-case Drawer 61"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William","title_ssm":["Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William"],"title_tesim":["Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. William"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":932,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No restrictions on access."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["No restrictions on use."],"date_range_isim":[1979],"containers_ssim":["Map-case Drawer 61"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#478","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_107.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Stewart, Robert W., papers","title_ssm":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-1994"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 242","/repositories/5/resources/107"],"text":["M 242","/repositories/5/resources/107","Robert W. Stewart papers","Architecture, Domestic -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Architects -- Virginia -- Richmond","No restrictions on access.","Materials are arranged in alphabetical order. The collection is divided into three series. The first section consists of office files and correspondence relating to his architectural commissions. The second section, housed in the scrapbook area of the department, is comprised of slides, negatives and photographs of some of his commissions and of other buildings of interest to Stewart. Many of these slides are of architecturally historic buildings. The last section is made up of architectural drawings and blueprints generated by Stewart's practice. These drawings are located in map case drawers #40-67.","Robert Welton Stewart was an architect based in Richmond, Virginia. Born in 1937 in Kansas, Stewart grew up in Minnesota and North Carolina, where he graduated from Duke University. He then received a master's degree from Yale University's School of Architecture. While working as a designer-draftsman with Baskerville \u0026 Son and during his employment at David Warren Hardwicke \u0026 Partners, Stewart gained the experience he needed to open his own architectural firm, Interplan, in 1972. He died in 1994. Embracing a modern style, Stewart focused on constructing and remodeling residences in Richmond. In 1992, the Historic Richmond Foundation honored Stewart with its Distinguished Preservation Award, which acknowledged his commitment to preserve Richmond's architectural heritage. Stewart's major projects include the Pavilion at Providence Hall for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Virginia Commonwealth University's Conference Center, the Master Plan of Stratford Hall in Westmoreland County, and Historic Christ Church in Lancaster County, and the north and south wings of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","This collection consists of numerous architectural drawings, photographs, slides, correspondence and office files related to projects undertaken by Robert W. Stewart from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. Most of these materials are architectural drawings of Richmond, Va. area residences. Other materials in the collection help document Stewart's involvement with historic preservation.","No restrictions on use.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 242","/repositories/5/resources/107"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert W. Stewart papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"creators_ssim":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"access_terms_ssm":["No restrictions on use."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Robert Welton Stewart donated one box of materials in 1987. Robert J. Hermsen donated the remaining materials in October of 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture, Domestic -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Architects -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture, Domestic -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Architects -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["17 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are arranged in alphabetical order. The collection is divided into three series. The first section consists of office files and correspondence relating to his architectural commissions. The second section, housed in the scrapbook area of the department, is comprised of slides, negatives and photographs of some of his commissions and of other buildings of interest to Stewart. Many of these slides are of architecturally historic buildings. The last section is made up of architectural drawings and blueprints generated by Stewart's practice. These drawings are located in map case drawers #40-67.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials are arranged in alphabetical order. The collection is divided into three series. The first section consists of office files and correspondence relating to his architectural commissions. The second section, housed in the scrapbook area of the department, is comprised of slides, negatives and photographs of some of his commissions and of other buildings of interest to Stewart. Many of these slides are of architecturally historic buildings. The last section is made up of architectural drawings and blueprints generated by Stewart's practice. These drawings are located in map case drawers #40-67."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Welton Stewart was an architect based in Richmond, Virginia. Born in 1937 in Kansas, Stewart grew up in Minnesota and North Carolina, where he graduated from Duke University. He then received a master's degree from Yale University's School of Architecture. While working as a designer-draftsman with Baskerville \u0026amp; Son and during his employment at David Warren Hardwicke \u0026amp; Partners, Stewart gained the experience he needed to open his own architectural firm, Interplan, in 1972. He died in 1994. Embracing a modern style, Stewart focused on constructing and remodeling residences in Richmond. In 1992, the Historic Richmond Foundation honored Stewart with its Distinguished Preservation Award, which acknowledged his commitment to preserve Richmond's architectural heritage. Stewart's major projects include the Pavilion at Providence Hall for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Virginia Commonwealth University's Conference Center, the Master Plan of Stratford Hall in Westmoreland County, and Historic Christ Church in Lancaster County, and the north and south wings of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Welton Stewart was an architect based in Richmond, Virginia. Born in 1937 in Kansas, Stewart grew up in Minnesota and North Carolina, where he graduated from Duke University. He then received a master's degree from Yale University's School of Architecture. While working as a designer-draftsman with Baskerville \u0026 Son and during his employment at David Warren Hardwicke \u0026 Partners, Stewart gained the experience he needed to open his own architectural firm, Interplan, in 1972. He died in 1994. Embracing a modern style, Stewart focused on constructing and remodeling residences in Richmond. In 1992, the Historic Richmond Foundation honored Stewart with its Distinguished Preservation Award, which acknowledged his commitment to preserve Richmond's architectural heritage. Stewart's major projects include the Pavilion at Providence Hall for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Virginia Commonwealth University's Conference Center, the Master Plan of Stratford Hall in Westmoreland County, and Historic Christ Church in Lancaster County, and the north and south wings of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/folder, Robert W. Stewart, M 242, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/folder, Robert W. Stewart, M 242, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of numerous architectural drawings, photographs, slides, correspondence and office files related to projects undertaken by Robert W. Stewart from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. Most of these materials are architectural drawings of Richmond, Va. area residences. Other materials in the collection help document Stewart's involvement with historic preservation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of numerous architectural drawings, photographs, slides, correspondence and office files related to projects undertaken by Robert W. Stewart from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. Most of these materials are architectural drawings of Richmond, Va. area residences. Other materials in the collection help document Stewart's involvement with historic preservation."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo restrictions on use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["No restrictions on use."],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"persname_ssim":["Stewart, Robert W. (Robert Welton), 1937-1994"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":974,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:13:54.451Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_107_c03_c479"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04","vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04","vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","Series 4: Subject Files","Series 4.3: Employment"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","Series 4: Subject Files","Series 4.3: Employment"],"text":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","Series 4: Subject Files","Series 4.3: Employment","Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks","box 12","folder 10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks","title_ssm":["Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks"],"title_tesim":["Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1979"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winn-Dixie Retail Clerks"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":148,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"containers_ssim":["box 12","folder 10"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_78","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_78.xml","title_filing_ssi":"American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-1981"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1981"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 178","/repositories/5/resources/78"],"text":["M 178","/repositories/5/resources/78","American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Women -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Sex discrimination against women -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into five series: Series 1: Administrative Files, 1972-1981, Series 2: Correspondence, 1977-1980, Series 3: State Legislation, 1976-1977, Series 4: Subject Files, 1972-1981, and Series 5: Publications and Periodicals, 1975-1981.","The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in 1920 by Roger Baldwin and his associates in response to the Palmer Raids, which targeted and abused alleged communist sympathizers in the United States. At its founding, the ACLU's primary objective wass to \"defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed\" by the Constitution. The group pursued this objective through the use of lobbying and litigation. It currently consists of more than 1.2 million members, is active in all fifty states, and continues to pursue its original goal.","In 1977, members of the ACLU formed a project within the organization known as the Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP), headquartered in Richmond, VA. This project reported to and shared the goals of the ACLU's existing Women's Rights Project (WRP) founded by Ruth Bader Ginsburg in 1972; however, it primarily focused on states in the American South. Its main objective was to coordinate regional advocacy efforts and programs, and to determine policy expanding women's rights that the ACLU could affect through lobbying and litigation. The SWRP focused heavily on issues related to female employment in fields such as the military, police force, mining, and various forms of manual labor. ","Betsy Brinson, who had previously led the ACLU offices in North Carolina (1970-1974) and Virginia (1974-1977), headed the SWRP from 1977 to 1981. During her tenure, Brinson conducted research and fieldwork to determine areas of focus for the project. She corresponded with various ACLU state offices in southern states to organize collaborative conferences, workshops, and studies. Her work led to partnerships with organizations such as the Women's Coal Employment Project and Southerners for Economic Justice. The SWRP's efforts enabled the ACLU to effectively lobby for laws and assist in litigation related to women's rights issues in the South. Brinson left her position as project lead in 1981 to work for the Young Women's Leadership Alliance (YWCA).","Concurrent with Brinson's departure, the SWRP experienced a reduced budget and a shift in the ACLU administration's priorities. These challenges led to the SWRP's dissolution. The remaining project funds were dispersed to affiliate offices in the South to further support women's issues. The ACLU's Women's Rights Project absorbed the SWRP's regional responsibilities and goals after its dissolution.","The American Civil Liberties Union Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP) collection is composed of the organizational files used by the SWRP while it conducted grassroots efforts in the Southern United States to campaign for women's rights. The bulk of the collection consists of administrative and subject files Betsy Brinson used during her tenure as project coordinator. Other aspects of the collection include ACLU administrative files, correspondence with Southern ACLU offices and partner organizations, and compilations of notable legislation from southern states. This collection provides insight into the ACLU-SWRP's goals during Betsy Brinson's tenure as project coordinator and documents the project's efforts in encouraging the growth of grassroots activism to improve women's rights in the South.","Series 1 is composed primarily of files used to administer the SWRP. These administrative files include quarterly reports, staff council minutes, policy and mission statements, legal permits, conference planning, formal complaints, and litigation paperwork. The bulk of the administrative files are made up of the conference planning documents for various states, regions, and topics. This series supplies insight into the inner workings of the SWRP and its logistical processes and challenges.","Series 2: Correspondence is composed of Betsy Brinson's professional correspondence with individuals and partner organizations in the Southern United States to facilitate grassroots support for the SWRP and its goals. The correspondence is primarily with ACLU offices in the South that Brinson collaborated with to plan events, workshops, canvassing, mailing campaigns, sub-projects, and conferences. ","Brinson corresponded with offices located in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, and Virginia. Accompanying the office correspondence are contact lists and directories used by the SWRP to coordinate mailing campaigns in each state. Also included is correspondence with SWRP sponsor organizations and individual SWRP organizers such as Liz Wheaton.","Additionally, the series includes correspondence from outside organizations and individuals categorized by topic. These topics include complaints levied at the SWRP or ACLU in general, project-specific correspondence such as the Battered Women Project and Prison Death Penalty Project, and legal requests from individuals in southern states. ","The material highlights Brinson's engagement with new contacts in addition to those of the existing ACLU network of affiliates in the Southern United States, and her attempts to use this network to advance the SWRP's goals.","Series 3: State Legislation is composed of pieces of legislation from southern states deemed of note and compiled by the SWRP including published copies of house resolutions, bills, acts, laws, and executive orders. The legislation is from the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina. This series indicates the types of legislation the SWRP targeted for litigation and lobbying at the start of its existence. ","Series 4: Subject Files is the largest series of the collection, comprising nine subseries covering a broad range of issues related to women and their place in Southern society. Topics include abortion, employment, reproductive rights, women in prison, and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), among others. Subject files with content that does not fall within the topical range of other subseries are included in the Subject Files - General subseries. The files contain material relevant to the topics, including promotional literature, studies, articles, previous court cases, handbooks, and correspondence. A notable file in this subseries regards Ruth Bader Ginsberg's visit to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including a letter from Ginsberg advocating for the SWRP's efforts in the region.","These subject files shed light on the SWRP's broader goals and activities. The SWRP sought to establish partnerships with various groups and identified issues significant to women's rights in an effort to form a unified grassroots movement advancing women's rights.","Series 5: Publications and Periodicals is comprised of published material used by the SWRP for research purposes. These include essays, studies, reports, handbooks, newsletters, and periodicals. They cover a breadth of topics related to the state of women's rights in the south including access to health care, homeownership, financial status, and reproductive rights. The material is arranged by type of publication. This series represents the types of publications the SWRP referenced to further its goals. ","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)","Brinson, Betsy","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["M 178","/repositories/5/resources/78"],"normalized_title_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"collection_title_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"collection_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)","Brinson, Betsy","Brinson, Betsy"],"creator_ssim":["Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)","Brinson, Betsy","Brinson, Betsy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Brinson, Betsy","Brinson, Betsy"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)"],"creators_ssim":["Brinson, Betsy","Brinson, Betsy","Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Betsy Brinson on behalf of the ACLU in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Women -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Sex discrimination against women -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women's rights -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Women -- Legal status, laws, etc. -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States","Sex discrimination against women -- History -- 20th century -- Southern States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.96 Linear Feet 38 document cases"],"extent_tesim":["15.96 Linear Feet 38 document cases"],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series: Series 1: Administrative Files, 1972-1981, Series 2: Correspondence, 1977-1980, Series 3: State Legislation, 1976-1977, Series 4: Subject Files, 1972-1981, and Series 5: Publications and Periodicals, 1975-1981.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series: Series 1: Administrative Files, 1972-1981, Series 2: Correspondence, 1977-1980, Series 3: State Legislation, 1976-1977, Series 4: Subject Files, 1972-1981, and Series 5: Publications and Periodicals, 1975-1981."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in 1920 by Roger Baldwin and his associates in response to the Palmer Raids, which targeted and abused alleged communist sympathizers in the United States. At its founding, the ACLU's primary objective wass to \"defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed\" by the Constitution. The group pursued this objective through the use of lobbying and litigation. It currently consists of more than 1.2 million members, is active in all fifty states, and continues to pursue its original goal.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1977, members of the ACLU formed a project within the organization known as the Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP), headquartered in Richmond, VA. This project reported to and shared the goals of the ACLU's existing Women's Rights Project (WRP) founded by Ruth Bader Ginsburg in 1972; however, it primarily focused on states in the American South. Its main objective was to coordinate regional advocacy efforts and programs, and to determine policy expanding women's rights that the ACLU could affect through lobbying and litigation. The SWRP focused heavily on issues related to female employment in fields such as the military, police force, mining, and various forms of manual labor. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBetsy Brinson, who had previously led the ACLU offices in North Carolina (1970-1974) and Virginia (1974-1977), headed the SWRP from 1977 to 1981. During her tenure, Brinson conducted research and fieldwork to determine areas of focus for the project. She corresponded with various ACLU state offices in southern states to organize collaborative conferences, workshops, and studies. Her work led to partnerships with organizations such as the Women's Coal Employment Project and Southerners for Economic Justice. The SWRP's efforts enabled the ACLU to effectively lobby for laws and assist in litigation related to women's rights issues in the South. Brinson left her position as project lead in 1981 to work for the Young Women's Leadership Alliance (YWCA).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eConcurrent with Brinson's departure, the SWRP experienced a reduced budget and a shift in the ACLU administration's priorities. These challenges led to the SWRP's dissolution. The remaining project funds were dispersed to affiliate offices in the South to further support women's issues. The ACLU's Women's Rights Project absorbed the SWRP's regional responsibilities and goals after its dissolution.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was formed in 1920 by Roger Baldwin and his associates in response to the Palmer Raids, which targeted and abused alleged communist sympathizers in the United States. At its founding, the ACLU's primary objective wass to \"defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed\" by the Constitution. The group pursued this objective through the use of lobbying and litigation. It currently consists of more than 1.2 million members, is active in all fifty states, and continues to pursue its original goal.","In 1977, members of the ACLU formed a project within the organization known as the Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP), headquartered in Richmond, VA. This project reported to and shared the goals of the ACLU's existing Women's Rights Project (WRP) founded by Ruth Bader Ginsburg in 1972; however, it primarily focused on states in the American South. Its main objective was to coordinate regional advocacy efforts and programs, and to determine policy expanding women's rights that the ACLU could affect through lobbying and litigation. The SWRP focused heavily on issues related to female employment in fields such as the military, police force, mining, and various forms of manual labor. ","Betsy Brinson, who had previously led the ACLU offices in North Carolina (1970-1974) and Virginia (1974-1977), headed the SWRP from 1977 to 1981. During her tenure, Brinson conducted research and fieldwork to determine areas of focus for the project. She corresponded with various ACLU state offices in southern states to organize collaborative conferences, workshops, and studies. Her work led to partnerships with organizations such as the Women's Coal Employment Project and Southerners for Economic Justice. The SWRP's efforts enabled the ACLU to effectively lobby for laws and assist in litigation related to women's rights issues in the South. Brinson left her position as project lead in 1981 to work for the Young Women's Leadership Alliance (YWCA).","Concurrent with Brinson's departure, the SWRP experienced a reduced budget and a shift in the ACLU administration's priorities. These challenges led to the SWRP's dissolution. The remaining project funds were dispersed to affiliate offices in the South to further support women's issues. The ACLU's Women's Rights Project absorbed the SWRP's regional responsibilities and goals after its dissolution."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records, 1972-1981, Collection # M 178, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records, 1972-1981, Collection # M 178, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Civil Liberties Union Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP) collection is composed of the organizational files used by the SWRP while it conducted grassroots efforts in the Southern United States to campaign for women's rights. The bulk of the collection consists of administrative and subject files Betsy Brinson used during her tenure as project coordinator. Other aspects of the collection include ACLU administrative files, correspondence with Southern ACLU offices and partner organizations, and compilations of notable legislation from southern states. This collection provides insight into the ACLU-SWRP's goals during Betsy Brinson's tenure as project coordinator and documents the project's efforts in encouraging the growth of grassroots activism to improve women's rights in the South.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 is composed primarily of files used to administer the SWRP. These administrative files include quarterly reports, staff council minutes, policy and mission statements, legal permits, conference planning, formal complaints, and litigation paperwork. The bulk of the administrative files are made up of the conference planning documents for various states, regions, and topics. This series supplies insight into the inner workings of the SWRP and its logistical processes and challenges.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence is composed of Betsy Brinson's professional correspondence with individuals and partner organizations in the Southern United States to facilitate grassroots support for the SWRP and its goals. The correspondence is primarily with ACLU offices in the South that Brinson collaborated with to plan events, workshops, canvassing, mailing campaigns, sub-projects, and conferences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBrinson corresponded with offices located in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, and Virginia. Accompanying the office correspondence are contact lists and directories used by the SWRP to coordinate mailing campaigns in each state. Also included is correspondence with SWRP sponsor organizations and individual SWRP organizers such as Liz Wheaton.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, the series includes correspondence from outside organizations and individuals categorized by topic. These topics include complaints levied at the SWRP or ACLU in general, project-specific correspondence such as the Battered Women Project and Prison Death Penalty Project, and legal requests from individuals in southern states. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe material highlights Brinson's engagement with new contacts in addition to those of the existing ACLU network of affiliates in the Southern United States, and her attempts to use this network to advance the SWRP's goals.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: State Legislation is composed of pieces of legislation from southern states deemed of note and compiled by the SWRP including published copies of house resolutions, bills, acts, laws, and executive orders. The legislation is from the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina. This series indicates the types of legislation the SWRP targeted for litigation and lobbying at the start of its existence. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Subject Files is the largest series of the collection, comprising nine subseries covering a broad range of issues related to women and their place in Southern society. Topics include abortion, employment, reproductive rights, women in prison, and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), among others. Subject files with content that does not fall within the topical range of other subseries are included in the Subject Files - General subseries. The files contain material relevant to the topics, including promotional literature, studies, articles, previous court cases, handbooks, and correspondence. A notable file in this subseries regards Ruth Bader Ginsberg's visit to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including a letter from Ginsberg advocating for the SWRP's efforts in the region.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese subject files shed light on the SWRP's broader goals and activities. The SWRP sought to establish partnerships with various groups and identified issues significant to women's rights in an effort to form a unified grassroots movement advancing women's rights.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Publications and Periodicals is comprised of published material used by the SWRP for research purposes. These include essays, studies, reports, handbooks, newsletters, and periodicals. They cover a breadth of topics related to the state of women's rights in the south including access to health care, homeownership, financial status, and reproductive rights. The material is arranged by type of publication. This series represents the types of publications the SWRP referenced to further its goals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The American Civil Liberties Union Southern Women's Rights Project (SWRP) collection is composed of the organizational files used by the SWRP while it conducted grassroots efforts in the Southern United States to campaign for women's rights. The bulk of the collection consists of administrative and subject files Betsy Brinson used during her tenure as project coordinator. Other aspects of the collection include ACLU administrative files, correspondence with Southern ACLU offices and partner organizations, and compilations of notable legislation from southern states. This collection provides insight into the ACLU-SWRP's goals during Betsy Brinson's tenure as project coordinator and documents the project's efforts in encouraging the growth of grassroots activism to improve women's rights in the South.","Series 1 is composed primarily of files used to administer the SWRP. These administrative files include quarterly reports, staff council minutes, policy and mission statements, legal permits, conference planning, formal complaints, and litigation paperwork. The bulk of the administrative files are made up of the conference planning documents for various states, regions, and topics. This series supplies insight into the inner workings of the SWRP and its logistical processes and challenges.","Series 2: Correspondence is composed of Betsy Brinson's professional correspondence with individuals and partner organizations in the Southern United States to facilitate grassroots support for the SWRP and its goals. The correspondence is primarily with ACLU offices in the South that Brinson collaborated with to plan events, workshops, canvassing, mailing campaigns, sub-projects, and conferences. ","Brinson corresponded with offices located in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, and Virginia. Accompanying the office correspondence are contact lists and directories used by the SWRP to coordinate mailing campaigns in each state. Also included is correspondence with SWRP sponsor organizations and individual SWRP organizers such as Liz Wheaton.","Additionally, the series includes correspondence from outside organizations and individuals categorized by topic. These topics include complaints levied at the SWRP or ACLU in general, project-specific correspondence such as the Battered Women Project and Prison Death Penalty Project, and legal requests from individuals in southern states. ","The material highlights Brinson's engagement with new contacts in addition to those of the existing ACLU network of affiliates in the Southern United States, and her attempts to use this network to advance the SWRP's goals.","Series 3: State Legislation is composed of pieces of legislation from southern states deemed of note and compiled by the SWRP including published copies of house resolutions, bills, acts, laws, and executive orders. The legislation is from the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina. This series indicates the types of legislation the SWRP targeted for litigation and lobbying at the start of its existence. ","Series 4: Subject Files is the largest series of the collection, comprising nine subseries covering a broad range of issues related to women and their place in Southern society. Topics include abortion, employment, reproductive rights, women in prison, and the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), among others. Subject files with content that does not fall within the topical range of other subseries are included in the Subject Files - General subseries. The files contain material relevant to the topics, including promotional literature, studies, articles, previous court cases, handbooks, and correspondence. A notable file in this subseries regards Ruth Bader Ginsberg's visit to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including a letter from Ginsberg advocating for the SWRP's efforts in the region.","These subject files shed light on the SWRP's broader goals and activities. The SWRP sought to establish partnerships with various groups and identified issues significant to women's rights in an effort to form a unified grassroots movement advancing women's rights.","Series 5: Publications and Periodicals is comprised of published material used by the SWRP for research purposes. These include essays, studies, reports, handbooks, newsletters, and periodicals. They cover a breadth of topics related to the state of women's rights in the south including access to health care, homeownership, financial status, and reproductive rights. The material is arranged by type of publication. This series represents the types of publications the SWRP referenced to further its goals. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)","Brinson, Betsy"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)","Brinson, Betsy"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Southern Women's Rights Project (American Civil Liberties Union)"],"persname_ssim":["Brinson, Betsy"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":327,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:17:28.221Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_78_c04_c03_c11"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"WOBCA Zoning Issues","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Museum District Association records","West of the Boulevard Civic Association"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Museum District Association records","West of the Boulevard Civic Association"],"text":["Museum District Association records","West of the Boulevard Civic Association","WOBCA Zoning Issues","box 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"WOBCA Zoning Issues","title_ssm":["WOBCA Zoning Issues"],"title_tesim":["WOBCA Zoning Issues"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["WOBCA Zoning Issues"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Museum District Association records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:41.702Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_221.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/221","title_filing_ssi":"Museum District records, 1976-2013","title_ssm":["Museum District Association records"],"title_tesim":["Museum District Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1986-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1986-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221"],"text":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221","Museum District Association records","The collection is open to research.","This collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.","There are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.","SERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009","The Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.","The MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.","The neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district.","The collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Museum District Association records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Museum District Association records"],"collection_ssim":["Museum District Association records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_ssim":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Museum District Association"],"creators_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert","Museum District Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Robert Orlowski, 2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.","There are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.","SERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.","The MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.","The neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuseum District Records, Collection Number M 421, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Museum District Records, Collection Number M 421, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association"],"persname_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:16:41.702Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c01_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","value":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library","hits":2384},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. Patrick L. Prest, Jr. papers","value":"A. Patrick L. Prest, Jr. papers","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Patrick+L.+Prest%2C+Jr.+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings","value":"Adalbert J. Volck Collection of Etchings","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Adalbert+J.+Volck+Collection+of+Etchings\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adele Goodman Clark papers","value":"Adele Goodman Clark papers","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Adele+Goodman+Clark+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Administrative Management Society records","value":"Administrative Management Society records","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Administrative+Management+Society+records\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albert J. Wasserman Papers","value":"Albert J. Wasserman Papers","hits":39},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Albert+J.+Wasserman+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","value":"American Civil Liberties Union - Southern Women's Rights Project records","hits":127},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=American+Civil+Liberties+Union+-+Southern+Women%27s+Rights+Project+records\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Andrew J. Brent papers","value":"Andrew J. Brent papers","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Andrew+J.+Brent+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anna Banana collection","value":"Anna Banana collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Anna+Banana+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Baruj Benacerraf papers","value":"Baruj Benacerraf papers","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Baruj+Benacerraf+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Betsy Brinson collection","value":"Betsy Brinson collection","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Betsy+Brinson+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Billy DeBeck collection","value":"Billy DeBeck collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=Billy+DeBeck+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"1858","value":"1858","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1858\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1859","value":"1859","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1859\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1860","value":"1860","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1860\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1861","value":"1861","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1861\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1862","value":"1862","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1862\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1863","value":"1863","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1863\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1864","value":"1864","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1864\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1865","value":"1865","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1865\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1866","value":"1866","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1866\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1867","value":"1867","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1867\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1868","value":"1868","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1868\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter","value":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Administrative+Management+Society.+Richmond+%28Va.%29+Chapter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999","value":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Sidney%2C+1912-1999\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson Gallery","value":"Anderson Gallery","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Anderson+Gallery\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson, Dice Robins","value":"Anderson, Dice Robins","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Anderson%2C+Dice+Robins\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson, Nannie","value":"Anderson, Nannie","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Anderson%2C+Nannie\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Atwood, Bonnie","value":"Atwood, Bonnie","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Atwood%2C+Bonnie\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Bacon, Evelyn Crary, 1916-1997","value":"Bacon, Evelyn Crary, 1916-1997","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Bacon%2C+Evelyn+Crary%2C+1916-1997\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Banana, Anna, 1940-","value":"Banana, Anna, 1940-","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Banana%2C+Anna%2C+1940-\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Barefoot, Pamela","value":"Barefoot, Pamela","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Barefoot%2C+Pamela\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011","value":"Benacerraf, Baruj, 1920-2011","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Benacerraf%2C+Baruj%2C+1920-2011\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996","value":"Blaine, Nell, 1922-1996","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Blaine%2C+Nell%2C+1922-1996\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Adams family","value":"Adams family","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adams+family\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter","value":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Administrative+Management+Society.+Richmond+%28Va.%29+Chapter\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter -- Archives","value":"Administrative Management Society. Richmond (Va.) Chapter -- Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Administrative+Management+Society.+Richmond+%28Va.%29+Chapter+--+Archives\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adult Education Association of Virginia","value":"Adult Education Association of Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Adult+Education+Association+of+Virginia\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999","value":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Sidney%2C+1912-1999\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999 -- Archives","value":"Alexander, Sidney, 1912-1999 -- Archives","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Alexander%2C+Sidney%2C+1912-1999+--+Archives\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Civil Liberties Union","value":"American Civil Liberties Union","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Civil+Liberties+Union\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"American Dental Association","value":"American Dental Association","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=American+Dental+Association\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson Gallery","value":"Anderson Gallery","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Anderson+Gallery\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson, Dice Robins","value":"Anderson, Dice Robins","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Anderson%2C+Dice+Robins\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949","value":"Anderson, Joseph J. (Joseph James), 1870-1949","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Anderson%2C+Joseph+J.+%28Joseph+James%29%2C+1870-1949\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Chesterfield County (Va.) -- History.","value":"Chesterfield County (Va.) -- History.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Chesterfield+County+%28Va.%29+--+History.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","value":"Chesterfield County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Chesterfield+County+%28Va.%29+--+Politics+and+government.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fan Area Historic District (Richmond, Va.)","value":"Fan Area Historic District (Richmond, Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Fan+Area+Historic+District+%28Richmond%2C+Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Henrico County (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","value":"Henrico County (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Henrico+County+%28Va.%29+--+Politics+and+government+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions.","value":"Oregon Hill (Richmond, Va.) -- Social conditions.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Oregon+Hill+%28Richmond%2C+Va.%29+--+Social+conditions.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Prince Edward County (Va.) -- Race relations -- History.","value":"Prince Edward County (Va.) -- Race relations -- History.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Prince+Edward+County+%28Va.%29+--+Race+relations+--+History.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- Church history.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- Church history.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+Church+history.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- Commerce -- 20th century.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- Commerce -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+Commerce+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- Designs and plans -- Buildings, structures, etc.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+Designs+and+plans+--+Buildings%2C+structures%2C+etc.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 20th century.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+Economic+conditions+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Richmond (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","value":"Richmond (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Richmond+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+20th+century.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Adult education -- Societies, etc. -- Virginia","value":"Adult education -- Societies, etc. -- Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Adult+education+--+Societies%2C+etc.+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adult education teachers -- Societies, etc. -- Virginia","value":"Adult education teachers -- Societies, etc. -- Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Adult+education+teachers+--+Societies%2C+etc.+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American dentists -- Virginia.","value":"African American dentists -- Virginia.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+dentists+--+Virginia.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American nursing schools -- Virginia -- Richmond","value":"African American nursing schools -- Virginia -- Richmond","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+nursing+schools+--+Virginia+--+Richmond\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American nursing students -- Virginia","value":"African American nursing students -- Virginia","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+nursing+students+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American students","value":"African American students","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+American+students\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","value":"African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Politics+and+government+--+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","value":"African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia -- Richmond","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Politics+and+government+--+Virginia+--+Richmond\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond.","value":"African Americans -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Suffrage+--+Virginia+--+Richmond.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","value":"African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Virginia+--+Richmond\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Ambulance service","value":"Ambulance service","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Ambulance+service\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":138},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":1946},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":85},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record Group","value":"Record Group","hits":6},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+Group\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Series","value":"Series","hits":166},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Subseries","value":"Subseries","hits":49},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=all_fields"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=keyword"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=name"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=place"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=subject"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=title"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=container"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026search_field=identifier"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=date_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=date_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=title_sort+asc"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1979\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=234\u0026sort=title_sort+desc"}}]}