{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=12\u0026view=compact","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=14\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=5878\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":13,"next_page":14,"prev_page":12,"total_pages":5878,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":120,"total_count":58779,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records","Series I: RATC Management","Subseries G: General Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records","Series I: RATC Management","Subseries G: General Files"],"text":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records","Series I: RATC Management","Subseries G: General Files","1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet","box 13","folder 21"],"title_filing_ssi":"1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet","title_ssm":["1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet"],"title_tesim":["1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1975 RATC Hosts Multi-Club Meet"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":406,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except Box 22 which contains restricted materials. Restricted folders are identified within the inventory. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978],"containers_ssim":["box 13","folder 21"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#6/components#20","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:47:09.367Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4262.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records","title_ssm":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"title_tesim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["[ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2025","(bulk 1932-2025)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["[ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2025","(bulk 1932-2025)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.054"],"text":["Ms.2024.054","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records","Appalachian Mountains","Appalachian Trail","Roanoke (Va.)","Virginia, Southwest","Environmental protection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open for research, except Box 22 which contains restricted materials. Restricted folders are identified within the inventory. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Duplicates, blank notepads, empty envelopes, and binders were removed from collection. Some documents with confidential or private information were returned to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club.","The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records are arranged into series and subseries by subject, based primarily on the descriptions by the RATC. Original order of files provided by the RATC is maintained where possible. Folder titles are original, except text within brackets [].","Series I: RATC Management, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2024 (bulk 1932-2016)","This series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It is divided into eight sub-series based on material type or subject, based on original order provided by the RATC. ","\nSubseries A: RATC Meeting Minutes, 1940-1959, 1968-2004, 2022\n \nSubseries B: RATC By-Laws and Rosters, 1955, 1960, 1972-1993\n \nSubseries C: RATC Newsletters and Hike Schedules, 1939-1942, 1954-2010\n \nSubseries D: Monitoring the Appalachian Trail: Land Tract Files, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2010 (bulk 1980s-2010) - Please note, many of these documents are photocopies, and the dates are based on the originals.\n \nSubseries E: Acquisitions and Relocations, 1949, 1955, [ca. 1960s]-1997, 2024\n \nSubseries F: Management Plans and Conservation Issues, 1964-1982, 1991-2003, 2010, 2016, 2024\n \nSubseries G: General Files, 1952, 1958, 1971-2014\n \nSubseries H: RATC Historical Materials, 1932-1962, 1977-2000, 2020-[ca. 2024]\n","Series II: RATC Officers and Members, 1939-2025","This series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members. It is divided into eight sub-series by person and in chronological order. Each subseries is organized based on topic, and original order is maintained where possible.","\nSubseries A: Thomas Campbell, 1939-2024 (bulk 1950s-1970s)\n \nSubseries B: Otey Family, 1949-1953, 2024-2025, undated\n \nSubseries C: Dick Clark, 1953-2006 (bulk 1980s-2000s)\n \nSubseries D: Bill Cochran, 1966-2018\n \nSubseries E: Zetta Campbell, 1972-1976, 1993, 2024\n \nSubseries F: Charles Parry, 1972-2024 (bulk 1970s-1990s)\n \nSubseries G: Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, 1972-1996, 2019, 2024\n \nSubseries H: Andy Layne, 1977-1990, undated\n \nSubseries I: Roger Holnback, 1980-2012 (bulk 1990s-2000s)\n \nSubseries J: Linda Akers, [ca. 1983]-1992, 2000-2015, 2022\n","The Appalachian Trail (AT), a hiking trail along the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, was first proposed by Bernard MacKaye in 1921, and two years later, the first section opened in New York State. In 1925, the Appalachian Trail Conference (ATC) formed to help manage the maintenance and conservation of the AT, and in 2005, the ATC was renamed Appalachian Trail Conservancy. As of 2025, the AT spans almost 2,200 miles in 14 states from Maine to Georgia, with 25% of the trail traversing Virginia and 30 local AT clubs affiliated with the ATC.","Local hiking clubs began organizing to build and maintain the AT and joining the ATC in the 1920s and 1930s. In October 1932, Donald S. Gates, a professor at Roanoke College, gathered several hikers and local groups to discuss forming an AT club in the Roanoke area. At a second meeting in October, Myron H. Avery, the chairman of the ATC, and members from the Potomac and Natural Bridge AT Clubs joined them to explain various aspects of their work. ","On November 13, 1932, the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) was officially established with 17 charter members, including the first officers: president Gates, secretary E. B. Coxwell, treasurer Larry Pownall, and trail supervisor David Dick. Grace Pownall was appointed vice president about two (2) weeks later. The ATC initially assigned the RATC 55 miles of the trail to manage, but by the club's first anniversary, the section had expanded to 68.29 miles.","As of 2025, the RATC covers over 120 miles, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs. The organization continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail; develops and maintains trails, campsites, open shelters, and permanent camps on the AT; collects data about the history, scenery, geology, flora, and fauna of the Appalachian Mountains; prepares maps and guides for hiking, camping, and forest fire prevention; and participates in and advocates for the development of laws and regulations related to the AT and the Appalachian Mountains.","Biographical notes for several RATC members are included in the inventory under Series II.","External Sources: ","Box 13, Folder 48, \"RATC Histories Written in 1980s,\" of this collection","Box 13, Folder 52, \"RATC Histories Written in 1950s,\" of this collection","Box 13, Folder 53, \"RATC History, 1932-1945,\" of this collection","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,  https://www.ratc.org/ , accessed May 1, 2024.","By-Laws of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club, Inc., Rev. March 12, 2016,  https://www.ratc.org/wp-content/uploads/documents/bylaws.pdf , accessed May 1, 2024.","Diana Christopulos, \"How Three Hiking Clubs Became the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,\" RATC.org,  https://www.ratc.org/how-three-hiking-clubs-became-the-roanoke-appalachian-trail-club/ , accessed September 25, 2025.","Appalachian Trail Conservancy,  https://appalachiantrail.org/ , accessed October 3, 2025.","The guide to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records was completed in October 2025. Box 16 was completed in March 2026.","Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the  M. Rupert Cutler Papers,  which covers many of the same and related environmental issues of the Appalachian Mountains, Roanoke, and Southwest Virginia.","The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, National Park Service and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. ","The collection is divided into two series, I: RATC Management and II: RATC Officers and Members. The first series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It contains the meeting minutes, primarily about the activities of the Executive Board from 1940 to 1959 and 1968 to 2004. Some of the meeting minutes also record the activities of committees, affiliate organizations, and the annual all-member banquet during those years. There are also by-laws from the 1980s and 1990s and rosters from the 1950s to 1980s. The club newsletters start with the  RATC Bulletin  from 1939 to 1942 and continue with the  Trail Blazer  from 1954 to 2010. These document the club's recent activities, including work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (later Appalachian Trail Conservancy), local non-profits, and government entitities, hike schedules and detailed accounts of club hikes on the Appalachian Trail (AT), and reminiscences of and memorials to past and current members.","The Land Tract Files contain legal records of lands acquired by NPS after 1978 Congressional funding. Most of these materials are photocopies of legal records documenting land acquisitions, including legal judgments, land ownership histories, foreclosure documents, leases and contracts with gas and electric companies, deeds and trusts, wills and genealogies regarding inheritance rights, land surveys and inspection records, appraisals and environmental assessments, financial documents and insurance certificates, photographs, maps, and correspondence with land owners, attorneys, court clerks, and others. Other documents about acquisitions and relocations also illuminate the RATC's work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (also Conservancy), U.S. National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service to acquire and monitor property and to build and relocate trails.","The first series also contains management and conservation plans, general files, and RATC historical materials. The histories discuss the founding and development of the club as well as large trail relocations and the work of past members and officers. There are also several photo albums from the 1930s-1950s.","The second series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members, about the history and operation of the RATC. These people include club president Thomas Campbell, the Otey family, president Dick Clark, local journalist Bill Cochran, newsletter editor Zetta Campbell, longtime trail supervisor Charles Parry, hike leaders Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, hike leader Andy Layne, president Roger Holnback, and longtime social chair Linda Akers. Documents include correspondence, handwritten notes, additional meeting minutes and newsletters, photographs, newspaper clippings, and more. They also cover land acquisitions, building trails and shelters, group events and conferences, management and land use, and of course hikes on the AT.","\nThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection inventory:\n \nAEP - Appalachian Electric Power Company\n \nAPCO - Appalachian Power Company, a subsidiary of AEP\n \nAT - Appalachian Trail\n \nATC - Appalachian Trail Conference or Appalachian Trail Conservancy\n \nRATC - Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club\n \nNPS - United States National Park Service\n \nUSFS or FS - United States Forest Service\n","This collection contains several issues of the  Trail Blazer , the newsletter of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club. If there were more than two (2) copies of an issue, the extra copy was separated to the Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives' Rare Book Collection.","The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Appalachian Trail Guide to Central Virginia,  First Edition, 1994 (Jack Albright, Field Editor).","Parsons, Shireen, and Wilderness Society.  Virginia's Mountain Treasures : The Unprotected Wildlands of the Jefferson National Forest.  The Wilderness Society, 1999.","Trail Lands: The Newsletter of the ATC Land Trust,  Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 2001.","Audubon Naturalist,  Vol. 20, No. 7, \"What Does Disney's America Mean to Our Region?\", 1994-09.","Daniel D. Chazin, ed.,  Appalachian Trail Data Book 2000,  22nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 1999.","Karen Deans, ed.,  Conservation Options: A Landowner's Guide,  Washington, D. C.: Land Trust Alliance, 1999.","Benton MacKaye,  The New Exploration: A Philosophy of Regional Planning,  Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference and Urbana-Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1990.","Murray Bookchin,  Our Synthetic Environment,  Rev. Ed., New York City: Harper \u0026 Row, 1974.","Leonard M. Adkins (a member of the RATC),  50 Hikes in Northern Virginia: Walks, Hikes, and Backpacks from the Allegheny Mountains to the Chesapeake Bay,  Woodstock, VT: Backcountry Publications, 1994 (1995 printing).","Steve Nash,  Blue Ridge 2020: An Owner's Manual,  Chapel Hill, N. C., and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1999.","William Birchard, Jr., and Robert Proudman,  Appalacian Trail: Design, Construction, and Maintenance,  2nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 2000.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, NPS and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. The RATC continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail (AT), and the club covers over 120 miles of the AT, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.054"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"collection_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Appalachian Mountains","Appalachian Trail","Roanoke (Va.)","Virginia, Southwest"],"geogname_ssim":["Appalachian Mountains","Appalachian Trail","Roanoke (Va.)","Virginia, Southwest"],"creator_ssm":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Appalachian Mountains","Appalachian Trail","Roanoke (Va.)","Virginia, Southwest"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accruals from 2023 to 2025. Future donations are expected."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Environmental protection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Environmental protection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27.5 Cubic Feet 23 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["27.5 Cubic Feet 23 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except Box 22 which contains restricted materials. Restricted folders are identified within the inventory. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except Box 22 which contains restricted materials. Restricted folders are identified within the inventory. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicates, blank notepads, empty envelopes, and binders were removed from collection. Some documents with confidential or private information were returned to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Duplicates, blank notepads, empty envelopes, and binders were removed from collection. Some documents with confidential or private information were returned to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records are arranged into series and subseries by subject, based primarily on the descriptions by the RATC. Original order of files provided by the RATC is maintained where possible. Folder titles are original, except text within brackets [].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: RATC Management, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2024 (bulk 1932-2016)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It is divided into eight sub-series based on material type or subject, based on original order provided by the RATC. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A: RATC Meeting Minutes, 1940-1959, 1968-2004, 2022\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B: RATC By-Laws and Rosters, 1955, 1960, 1972-1993\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C: RATC Newsletters and Hike Schedules, 1939-1942, 1954-2010\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D: Monitoring the Appalachian Trail: Land Tract Files, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2010 (bulk 1980s-2010) - Please note, many of these documents are photocopies, and the dates are based on the originals.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E: Acquisitions and Relocations, 1949, 1955, [ca. 1960s]-1997, 2024\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries F: Management Plans and Conservation Issues, 1964-1982, 1991-2003, 2010, 2016, 2024\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries G: General Files, 1952, 1958, 1971-2014\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries H: RATC Historical Materials, 1932-1962, 1977-2000, 2020-[ca. 2024]\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: RATC Officers and Members, 1939-2025\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members. It is divided into eight sub-series by person and in chronological order. Each subseries is organized based on topic, and original order is maintained where possible.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A: Thomas Campbell, 1939-2024 (bulk 1950s-1970s)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B: Otey Family, 1949-1953, 2024-2025, undated\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C: Dick Clark, 1953-2006 (bulk 1980s-2000s)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D: Bill Cochran, 1966-2018\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E: Zetta Campbell, 1972-1976, 1993, 2024\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries F: Charles Parry, 1972-2024 (bulk 1970s-1990s)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries G: Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, 1972-1996, 2019, 2024\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries H: Andy Layne, 1977-1990, undated\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries I: Roger Holnback, 1980-2012 (bulk 1990s-2000s)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries J: Linda Akers, [ca. 1983]-1992, 2000-2015, 2022\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records are arranged into series and subseries by subject, based primarily on the descriptions by the RATC. Original order of files provided by the RATC is maintained where possible. Folder titles are original, except text within brackets [].","Series I: RATC Management, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2024 (bulk 1932-2016)","This series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It is divided into eight sub-series based on material type or subject, based on original order provided by the RATC. ","\nSubseries A: RATC Meeting Minutes, 1940-1959, 1968-2004, 2022\n \nSubseries B: RATC By-Laws and Rosters, 1955, 1960, 1972-1993\n \nSubseries C: RATC Newsletters and Hike Schedules, 1939-1942, 1954-2010\n \nSubseries D: Monitoring the Appalachian Trail: Land Tract Files, [ca. 1840s?], [ca. 1880s]-2010 (bulk 1980s-2010) - Please note, many of these documents are photocopies, and the dates are based on the originals.\n \nSubseries E: Acquisitions and Relocations, 1949, 1955, [ca. 1960s]-1997, 2024\n \nSubseries F: Management Plans and Conservation Issues, 1964-1982, 1991-2003, 2010, 2016, 2024\n \nSubseries G: General Files, 1952, 1958, 1971-2014\n \nSubseries H: RATC Historical Materials, 1932-1962, 1977-2000, 2020-[ca. 2024]\n","Series II: RATC Officers and Members, 1939-2025","This series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members. It is divided into eight sub-series by person and in chronological order. Each subseries is organized based on topic, and original order is maintained where possible.","\nSubseries A: Thomas Campbell, 1939-2024 (bulk 1950s-1970s)\n \nSubseries B: Otey Family, 1949-1953, 2024-2025, undated\n \nSubseries C: Dick Clark, 1953-2006 (bulk 1980s-2000s)\n \nSubseries D: Bill Cochran, 1966-2018\n \nSubseries E: Zetta Campbell, 1972-1976, 1993, 2024\n \nSubseries F: Charles Parry, 1972-2024 (bulk 1970s-1990s)\n \nSubseries G: Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, 1972-1996, 2019, 2024\n \nSubseries H: Andy Layne, 1977-1990, undated\n \nSubseries I: Roger Holnback, 1980-2012 (bulk 1990s-2000s)\n \nSubseries J: Linda Akers, [ca. 1983]-1992, 2000-2015, 2022\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Appalachian Trail (AT), a hiking trail along the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, was first proposed by Bernard MacKaye in 1921, and two years later, the first section opened in New York State. In 1925, the Appalachian Trail Conference (ATC) formed to help manage the maintenance and conservation of the AT, and in 2005, the ATC was renamed Appalachian Trail Conservancy. As of 2025, the AT spans almost 2,200 miles in 14 states from Maine to Georgia, with 25% of the trail traversing Virginia and 30 local AT clubs affiliated with the ATC.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLocal hiking clubs began organizing to build and maintain the AT and joining the ATC in the 1920s and 1930s. In October 1932, Donald S. Gates, a professor at Roanoke College, gathered several hikers and local groups to discuss forming an AT club in the Roanoke area. At a second meeting in October, Myron H. Avery, the chairman of the ATC, and members from the Potomac and Natural Bridge AT Clubs joined them to explain various aspects of their work. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn November 13, 1932, the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) was officially established with 17 charter members, including the first officers: president Gates, secretary E. B. Coxwell, treasurer Larry Pownall, and trail supervisor David Dick. Grace Pownall was appointed vice president about two (2) weeks later. The ATC initially assigned the RATC 55 miles of the trail to manage, but by the club's first anniversary, the section had expanded to 68.29 miles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2025, the RATC covers over 120 miles, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs. The organization continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail; develops and maintains trails, campsites, open shelters, and permanent camps on the AT; collects data about the history, scenery, geology, flora, and fauna of the Appalachian Mountains; prepares maps and guides for hiking, camping, and forest fire prevention; and participates in and advocates for the development of laws and regulations related to the AT and the Appalachian Mountains.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBiographical notes for several RATC members are included in the inventory under Series II.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 13, Folder 48, \"RATC Histories Written in 1980s,\" of this collection\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 13, Folder 52, \"RATC Histories Written in 1950s,\" of this collection\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBox 13, Folder 53, \"RATC History, 1932-1945,\" of this collection\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRoanoke Appalachian Trail Club, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ratc.org/\"\u003ehttps://www.ratc.org/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed May 1, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy-Laws of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club, Inc., Rev. March 12, 2016, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ratc.org/wp-content/uploads/documents/bylaws.pdf\"\u003ehttps://www.ratc.org/wp-content/uploads/documents/bylaws.pdf\u003c/a\u003e, accessed May 1, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDiana Christopulos, \"How Three Hiking Clubs Became the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,\" RATC.org, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ratc.org/how-three-hiking-clubs-became-the-roanoke-appalachian-trail-club/\"\u003ehttps://www.ratc.org/how-three-hiking-clubs-became-the-roanoke-appalachian-trail-club/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 25, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAppalachian Trail Conservancy, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://appalachiantrail.org/\"\u003ehttps://appalachiantrail.org/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 3, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Appalachian Trail (AT), a hiking trail along the Appalachian Mountains in the United States, was first proposed by Bernard MacKaye in 1921, and two years later, the first section opened in New York State. In 1925, the Appalachian Trail Conference (ATC) formed to help manage the maintenance and conservation of the AT, and in 2005, the ATC was renamed Appalachian Trail Conservancy. As of 2025, the AT spans almost 2,200 miles in 14 states from Maine to Georgia, with 25% of the trail traversing Virginia and 30 local AT clubs affiliated with the ATC.","Local hiking clubs began organizing to build and maintain the AT and joining the ATC in the 1920s and 1930s. In October 1932, Donald S. Gates, a professor at Roanoke College, gathered several hikers and local groups to discuss forming an AT club in the Roanoke area. At a second meeting in October, Myron H. Avery, the chairman of the ATC, and members from the Potomac and Natural Bridge AT Clubs joined them to explain various aspects of their work. ","On November 13, 1932, the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) was officially established with 17 charter members, including the first officers: president Gates, secretary E. B. Coxwell, treasurer Larry Pownall, and trail supervisor David Dick. Grace Pownall was appointed vice president about two (2) weeks later. The ATC initially assigned the RATC 55 miles of the trail to manage, but by the club's first anniversary, the section had expanded to 68.29 miles.","As of 2025, the RATC covers over 120 miles, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs. The organization continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail; develops and maintains trails, campsites, open shelters, and permanent camps on the AT; collects data about the history, scenery, geology, flora, and fauna of the Appalachian Mountains; prepares maps and guides for hiking, camping, and forest fire prevention; and participates in and advocates for the development of laws and regulations related to the AT and the Appalachian Mountains.","Biographical notes for several RATC members are included in the inventory under Series II.","External Sources: ","Box 13, Folder 48, \"RATC Histories Written in 1980s,\" of this collection","Box 13, Folder 52, \"RATC Histories Written in 1950s,\" of this collection","Box 13, Folder 53, \"RATC History, 1932-1945,\" of this collection","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,  https://www.ratc.org/ , accessed May 1, 2024.","By-Laws of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club, Inc., Rev. March 12, 2016,  https://www.ratc.org/wp-content/uploads/documents/bylaws.pdf , accessed May 1, 2024.","Diana Christopulos, \"How Three Hiking Clubs Became the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club,\" RATC.org,  https://www.ratc.org/how-three-hiking-clubs-became-the-roanoke-appalachian-trail-club/ , accessed September 25, 2025.","Appalachian Trail Conservancy,  https://appalachiantrail.org/ , accessed October 3, 2025."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records, Ms2024-054, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records, Ms2024-054, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records was completed in October 2025. Box 16 was completed in March 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club Records was completed in October 2025. Box 16 was completed in March 2026."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3522.xml\"\u003eM. Rupert Cutler Papers,\u003c/a\u003e which covers many of the same and related environmental issues of the Appalachian Mountains, Roanoke, and Southwest Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives also has the  M. Rupert Cutler Papers,  which covers many of the same and related environmental issues of the Appalachian Mountains, Roanoke, and Southwest Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, National Park Service and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series, I: RATC Management and II: RATC Officers and Members. The first series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It contains the meeting minutes, primarily about the activities of the Executive Board from 1940 to 1959 and 1968 to 2004. Some of the meeting minutes also record the activities of committees, affiliate organizations, and the annual all-member banquet during those years. There are also by-laws from the 1980s and 1990s and rosters from the 1950s to 1980s. The club newsletters start with the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRATC Bulletin\u003c/title\u003e from 1939 to 1942 and continue with the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTrail Blazer\u003c/title\u003e from 1954 to 2010. These document the club's recent activities, including work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (later Appalachian Trail Conservancy), local non-profits, and government entitities, hike schedules and detailed accounts of club hikes on the Appalachian Trail (AT), and reminiscences of and memorials to past and current members.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Land Tract Files contain legal records of lands acquired by NPS after 1978 Congressional funding. Most of these materials are photocopies of legal records documenting land acquisitions, including legal judgments, land ownership histories, foreclosure documents, leases and contracts with gas and electric companies, deeds and trusts, wills and genealogies regarding inheritance rights, land surveys and inspection records, appraisals and environmental assessments, financial documents and insurance certificates, photographs, maps, and correspondence with land owners, attorneys, court clerks, and others. Other documents about acquisitions and relocations also illuminate the RATC's work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (also Conservancy), U.S. National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service to acquire and monitor property and to build and relocate trails.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series also contains management and conservation plans, general files, and RATC historical materials. The histories discuss the founding and development of the club as well as large trail relocations and the work of past members and officers. There are also several photo albums from the 1930s-1950s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members, about the history and operation of the RATC. These people include club president Thomas Campbell, the Otey family, president Dick Clark, local journalist Bill Cochran, newsletter editor Zetta Campbell, longtime trail supervisor Charles Parry, hike leaders Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, hike leader Andy Layne, president Roger Holnback, and longtime social chair Linda Akers. Documents include correspondence, handwritten notes, additional meeting minutes and newsletters, photographs, newspaper clippings, and more. They also cover land acquisitions, building trails and shelters, group events and conferences, management and land use, and of course hikes on the AT.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection inventory:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\nAEP - Appalachian Electric Power Company\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAPCO - Appalachian Power Company, a subsidiary of AEP\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nAT - Appalachian Trail\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nATC - Appalachian Trail Conference or Appalachian Trail Conservancy\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nRATC - Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nNPS - United States National Park Service\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nUSFS or FS - United States Forest Service\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, National Park Service and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. ","The collection is divided into two series, I: RATC Management and II: RATC Officers and Members. The first series contains materials created, collected, and maintained by the RATC for its operations. It contains the meeting minutes, primarily about the activities of the Executive Board from 1940 to 1959 and 1968 to 2004. Some of the meeting minutes also record the activities of committees, affiliate organizations, and the annual all-member banquet during those years. There are also by-laws from the 1980s and 1990s and rosters from the 1950s to 1980s. The club newsletters start with the  RATC Bulletin  from 1939 to 1942 and continue with the  Trail Blazer  from 1954 to 2010. These document the club's recent activities, including work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (later Appalachian Trail Conservancy), local non-profits, and government entitities, hike schedules and detailed accounts of club hikes on the Appalachian Trail (AT), and reminiscences of and memorials to past and current members.","The Land Tract Files contain legal records of lands acquired by NPS after 1978 Congressional funding. Most of these materials are photocopies of legal records documenting land acquisitions, including legal judgments, land ownership histories, foreclosure documents, leases and contracts with gas and electric companies, deeds and trusts, wills and genealogies regarding inheritance rights, land surveys and inspection records, appraisals and environmental assessments, financial documents and insurance certificates, photographs, maps, and correspondence with land owners, attorneys, court clerks, and others. Other documents about acquisitions and relocations also illuminate the RATC's work with the Appalachian Trail Conference (also Conservancy), U.S. National Park Service, and U.S. Forest Service to acquire and monitor property and to build and relocate trails.","The first series also contains management and conservation plans, general files, and RATC historical materials. The histories discuss the founding and development of the club as well as large trail relocations and the work of past members and officers. There are also several photo albums from the 1930s-1950s.","The second series contains files created, collected, or maintained by people affiliated with the RATC, both officers and individual members, about the history and operation of the RATC. These people include club president Thomas Campbell, the Otey family, president Dick Clark, local journalist Bill Cochran, newsletter editor Zetta Campbell, longtime trail supervisor Charles Parry, hike leaders Sigfried and Ursula Kolmstetter, hike leader Andy Layne, president Roger Holnback, and longtime social chair Linda Akers. Documents include correspondence, handwritten notes, additional meeting minutes and newsletters, photographs, newspaper clippings, and more. They also cover land acquisitions, building trails and shelters, group events and conferences, management and land use, and of course hikes on the AT.","\nThe following are common abbreviations or acronyms found in the collection inventory:\n \nAEP - Appalachian Electric Power Company\n \nAPCO - Appalachian Power Company, a subsidiary of AEP\n \nAT - Appalachian Trail\n \nATC - Appalachian Trail Conference or Appalachian Trail Conservancy\n \nRATC - Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club\n \nNPS - United States National Park Service\n \nUSFS or FS - United States Forest Service\n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains several issues of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTrail Blazer\u003c/title\u003e, the newsletter of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club. If there were more than two (2) copies of an issue, the extra copy was separated to the Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives' Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Trail Guide to Central Virginia,\u003c/title\u003e First Edition, 1994 (Jack Albright, Field Editor).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eParsons, Shireen, and Wilderness Society. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia's Mountain Treasures : The Unprotected Wildlands of the Jefferson National Forest.\u003c/title\u003e The Wilderness Society, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTrail Lands: The Newsletter of the ATC Land Trust,\u003c/title\u003e Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 2001.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAudubon Naturalist,\u003c/title\u003e Vol. 20, No. 7, \"What Does Disney's America Mean to Our Region?\", 1994-09.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDaniel D. Chazin, ed., \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalachian Trail Data Book 2000,\u003c/title\u003e 22nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKaren Deans, ed., \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConservation Options: A Landowner's Guide,\u003c/title\u003e Washington, D. C.: Land Trust Alliance, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBenton MacKaye, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe New Exploration: A Philosophy of Regional Planning,\u003c/title\u003e Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference and Urbana-Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMurray Bookchin, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Synthetic Environment,\u003c/title\u003e Rev. Ed., New York City: Harper \u0026amp; Row, 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeonard M. Adkins (a member of the RATC), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003e50 Hikes in Northern Virginia: Walks, Hikes, and Backpacks from the Allegheny Mountains to the Chesapeake Bay,\u003c/title\u003e Woodstock, VT: Backcountry Publications, 1994 (1995 printing).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSteve Nash, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBlue Ridge 2020: An Owner's Manual,\u003c/title\u003e Chapel Hill, N. C., and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Birchard, Jr., and Robert Proudman, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAppalacian Trail: Design, Construction, and Maintenance,\u003c/title\u003e 2nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection contains several issues of the  Trail Blazer , the newsletter of the Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club. If there were more than two (2) copies of an issue, the extra copy was separated to the Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives' Rare Book Collection.","The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection:","Appalachian Trail Guide to Central Virginia,  First Edition, 1994 (Jack Albright, Field Editor).","Parsons, Shireen, and Wilderness Society.  Virginia's Mountain Treasures : The Unprotected Wildlands of the Jefferson National Forest.  The Wilderness Society, 1999.","Trail Lands: The Newsletter of the ATC Land Trust,  Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 2001.","Audubon Naturalist,  Vol. 20, No. 7, \"What Does Disney's America Mean to Our Region?\", 1994-09.","Daniel D. Chazin, ed.,  Appalachian Trail Data Book 2000,  22nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 1999.","Karen Deans, ed.,  Conservation Options: A Landowner's Guide,  Washington, D. C.: Land Trust Alliance, 1999.","Benton MacKaye,  The New Exploration: A Philosophy of Regional Planning,  Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference and Urbana-Champaign, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1990.","Murray Bookchin,  Our Synthetic Environment,  Rev. Ed., New York City: Harper \u0026 Row, 1974.","Leonard M. Adkins (a member of the RATC),  50 Hikes in Northern Virginia: Walks, Hikes, and Backpacks from the Allegheny Mountains to the Chesapeake Bay,  Woodstock, VT: Backcountry Publications, 1994 (1995 printing).","Steve Nash,  Blue Ridge 2020: An Owner's Manual,  Chapel Hill, N. C., and London: The University of North Carolina Press, 1999.","William Birchard, Jr., and Robert Proudman,  Appalacian Trail: Design, Construction, and Maintenance,  2nd ed., Harpers Ferry, WV: The Appalachian Trail Conference, 2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a6e4fd39692d03baeae59292f8f5e256\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, NPS and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. The RATC continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail (AT), and the club covers over 120 miles of the AT, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (RATC) Records document the management of the club from its founding in 1932. The collection includes the club newsletters, board minutes, former officers' and members' records, NPS and RATC acquisition information, conservation issues, management plans, histories of the club, scrapbooks, and photographs. The RATC continues its original mission to maintain and protect the Appalachian Trail (AT), and the club covers over 120 miles of the AT, including McAfee Knob, Dragon's Tooth, and Tinker Cliffs."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_79fb534a401c2d4d2312154f7e8ad227\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Appalachian Trail Club (Roanoke, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":740,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:47:09.367Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4262_c01_c07_c21"}},{"id":"vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977,","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41","ref_ssm":["vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41"],"id":"vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41","ead_ssi":"vifgm_arenastage","_root_":"vifgm_arenastage","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03","parent_ssi":"vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03","parent_ssim":["vifgm_arenastage","vifgm_arenastage_c04","vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_arenastage","vifgm_arenastage_c04","vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials,","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks,"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials,","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks,"],"text":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials,","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks,","1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977,","Box 685","Folder 2",""],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977, \n","title_ssm":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977, \n"],"title_tesim":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977, \n"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1977\n"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977,"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":7941,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research.  Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["Box 685","Folder 2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp/\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":[""],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2/components#40","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:52:17.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_arenastage","ead_ssi":"vifgm_arenastage","_root_":"vifgm_arenastage","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_arenastage","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/arenastage.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/arenastage.html","title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0017"],"text":["C0017","Arena Stage records","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Photographic prints.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings.","Collection is open to research.  Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them.","The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196) Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663) Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639) Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720) Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)",""," Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.","","From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, DC's preeminent regional theater.  Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in DC, was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theater Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African-American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic\". Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the USSR. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith is still Arena's artistic director as of 2016.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Weist, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch reel-to-reel film and audio, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections and Archives staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh.  EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016.","Special Collections and Archives holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage Theater Company collection and many other theater collections.","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray.  Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans.  This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi.  Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically.  Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris.  Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play.  Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events.  Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence.  Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically.  Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States.  Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays.  It is divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts.  It is generally organized alphabetically by play.  Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena.  It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays.  It is arranged alphabetically by play title.  Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s.  The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance.  Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play.  Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998.  It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries.  Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours.  Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material.  Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s.  Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater.  Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988.  It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries.  Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title.  Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film.  Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes.  ","There are no restrictions.","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Arena Stage","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","English\n            "],"unitid_tesim":["C0017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Arena Stage"],"creator_ssim":["Arena Stage"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arena Stage"],"creators_ssim":["Arena Stage"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000-2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Photographic prints.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Photographic prints.","Sound recordings.","Video recordings."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["739 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["739 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.  Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.  Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196) Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663) Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639) Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720) Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"'Arena Stage at the Mead Center for American Theater.' Arena Stage. Accessed February 3, 2016.\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.arenastage.org/plan-your-visit/the-mead-center/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n        \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Richards, David. 'For Arena Stage, a Pioneering Selection.' Washington Post. December 5, 1997\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/theater/features/arena51205.htm\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\n      \u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":[""," Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, DC's preeminent regional theater.  Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in DC, was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theater Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African-American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic\". Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the USSR. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith is still Arena's artistic director as of 2016.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMany now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Weist, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, DC's preeminent regional theater.  Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in DC, was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer. Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theater Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African-American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic\". Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like King Lear and The Threepenny Opera, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, Our Town and Inherit the Wind to the USSR. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of Inherit the Wind at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of K2, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of The Crucible at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith is still Arena's artistic director as of 2016.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Weist, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch reel-to-reel film and audio, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch reel-to-reel film and audio, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Arena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections and Archives staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh.  EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections and Archives staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh.  EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage Theater Company collection and many other theater collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage Theater Company collection and many other theater collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray.  Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans.  This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi.  Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically.  Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris.  Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play.  Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events.  Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence.  Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically.  Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States.  Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays.  It is divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts.  It is generally organized alphabetically by play.  Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena.  It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays.  It is arranged alphabetically by play title.  Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s.  The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance.  Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play.  Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998.  It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries.  Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours.  Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material.  Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s.  Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater.  Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988.  It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries.  Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title.  Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film.  Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray.  Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans.  This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi.  Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically.  Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris.  Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play.  Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries.  Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events.  Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence.  Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically.  Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States.  Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays.  It is divided into 6 subseries.  Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts.  It is generally organized alphabetically by play.  Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena.  It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays.  It is arranged alphabetically by play title.  Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s.  The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance.  Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play.  Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998.  It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries.  Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours.  Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material.  Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s.  Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater.  Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988.  It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries.  Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title.  Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film.  Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes.  "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref2\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Arena Stage","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","Arena Stage","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"language_ssim":["English\n            "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8332,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:52:17.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_arenastage_c04_c03_c41"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks"],"text":["Arena Stage records","Series 4: Oversize materials","Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks","1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977","box 685","folder 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977","title_ssm":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977"],"title_tesim":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1977 Part I - August 1976 - January 1977"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":7941,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box 685","folder 2"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#2/components#40","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:23:25.700Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_416.xml","title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949 - 2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"text":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416","Arena Stage records","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints","Collection is open to research. Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them.","Accruals to this collection are expected.","The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196) Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663) Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639) Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720) Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)",""," Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.","","From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's  She Stoops to Conquer.  Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date:  The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope  included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like  King Lear  and  The Threepenny Opera , but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays,  Our Town  and  Inherit the Wind  to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of  Inherit the Wind  at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of  K2 , for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of  The Crucible  at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes. ","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.","\nR 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016","English"],"unitid_tesim":["C0017","/repositories/2/resources/416"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Arena Stage records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Arena Stage records"],"collection_ssim":["Arena Stage records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"creators_ssim":["Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000-2024.","This collection has additional unprocessed accessions 2023.040-C and 2024.088-C, and therefore this finding aid may not be fully up to date. Please contact SCRC for more information."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater","Theater -- United States","Theater programs","Theater -- Production and direction","Performing arts","Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["369.5 Linear Feet 739 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Video recordings","Sound recordings","Photographic prints"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Some personnel records in Series 1 Subseries 3 Sub-subseries 2: Personnel, staff contain Social Security Numbers and must be screened by SCRC staff before researchers can view them."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccruals to this collection are expected.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["Accruals to this collection are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into five series, each of which is further divided into subseries:","Series Series 1: Administrative records, 1949-2007 (Boxes 1-196) Series 2: Production files, 1950-2010 (Boxes 197-588, 654-663) Series 3: Photographs, 1950-1991 (Boxes 589-639) Series 4: Oversize materials, 1949-late 2000s (Boxes 640-720) Series 5: Audiovisual materials, 1970-2007 (Boxes 721-739)"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextptr href=\"http://www.arenastage.org/plan-your-visit/the-mead-center/\" title=\"'Arena Stage at the Mead Center for American Theater.' Arena Stage. Accessed February 3, 2016.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003cextptr href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/theater/features/arena51205.htm\" title=\"Richards, David. 'For Arena Stage, a Pioneering Selection.' Washington Post. December 5, 1997\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":[""," Maslon, Lawrence, editor. \"The Arena Adventure: The First 40 Years.\" Washington, DC: Arena Stage, 1990.",""],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrom its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's \u003citalic\u003eShe Stoops to Conquer.\u003c/italic\u003e Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date: \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope.\u003c/italic\u003e \u003citalic\u003eThe Great White Hope\u003c/italic\u003e included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like \u003citalic\u003eKing Lear\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Threepenny Opera\u003c/italic\u003e, but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays, \u003citalic\u003eOur Town\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of \u003citalic\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/italic\u003e at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of \u003citalic\u003eK2\u003c/italic\u003e, for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of \u003citalic\u003eThe Crucible\u003c/italic\u003e at the Israel Festival.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["From its opening on August 16, 1950, the Arena Stage has dedicated itself to being a space of imagination and innovation, a tool of \"civilization,\" and Washington, D.C.'s preeminent regional theater. Founded by Zelda Fichandler, with assistance from her husband Thomas C. Fichandler and partner Edward Mangum, the Arena Stage began as a for-profit theater under Arena Enterprises, Inc. The original Hippodrome Theatre, located on Ninth and New York N.W. in D.C., was revolutionary amongst regional theatres for its theatre-in-the-round construction and would provide the blueprint for all future Arena locations.","Arena began its long and successful life with Oliver Goldsmith's  She Stoops to Conquer.  Arena owed its early successes in the 1950s to its fluid play schedule organization and its willingness to put on works that were not commercial successes on Broadway. In November of 1956, after a year's hiatus, the company relocated to a temporary home at the Old Heurich Brewery, dubbed the Old Vat by company members. The move was facilitated in part by the commitment and drive of Board members J. Burke Knapp, Albert M. Berkowitz, Israel Convisser, Leslie Amouri, and Henry J. Danilowicz. However, financial issues would continue to trouble Arena Enterprises, Inc., eventually leading to its dissolution in 1959, and the creation of Arena's new, non-profit parent organization, the Washington Drama Society.","During the 1960s, Arena garnered international renown in its new space: the Arena Stage Theatre. The new building, located at Sixth Street and Maine Avenue SW, was the first playhouse built in Washington since 1895. Chicago architect Harry Weese designed the space to be as innovative as possible while still maintaining the theater-in-the-round layout. Now a non-profit theater, Arena drew much of its funding during this time from the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and generous donations from both the Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundations.","The Arena Stage began some of its most ambitious work during the 1960s including forming the Living Stage Theatre Company, further integrating its cast, and staging its most ambitious and acclaimed work to date:  The Great White Hope. The Great White Hope  included twenty five additional guest actors, including James Earl Jones, and was an enormous success, both critically and financially, for Arena. It was the first major resident theater production to be exported to Broadway. Fichandler also began to experiment with casting African American actors in traditionally white roles during the 1968 season after she published the paper \"Towards a Deepening Aesthetic.\" Fichandler experimented with non-traditional casting in plays like  King Lear  and  The Threepenny Opera , but unfortunately these plays were met with critical confusion and disappointing ticket sales. Arena Stage was incredibly successful in the 1970s, garnering awards and critical approval, and international recognition. Not content with the current Arena Stage configuration, Fichandler and others worked diligently to acquire another stage facility that would collaborate, not compete, with the current Stage. Generosity on the part of David Lloyd Kreeger, and others, led to the construction of the new Kreeger Theater which opened on January 15, 1971.","In 1973 Arena would have the opportunity to take two of its plays,  Our Town  and  Inherit the Wind  to the U.S.S.R. This was the first ever trip to the Soviet Union undertaken by a resident theater group. The trip was a wild success with Russian audiences giving the cast a standing ovation following their performance of  Inherit the Wind  at the Moscow Art Theatre. In April 1976 the American Theatre Critics Association bestowed upon the Arena Stage a special Tony Award for resident theaters. The ATCA cited Arena's qualities as a \"trailblazer\" in theatrical arts and representative of other theaters that had followed its lead.","The early 1980s were a difficult time for theater, but, in spite of this, Arena continued to push the limits of conventional residential theater. The 1982 production of  K2 , for example, saw the construction of a sheer glacial face on the Kreeger stage according to the vision of set designer Ming Cho Lee. In 1986 twenty-three actors and a thirteen member production staff traveled to Jerusalem to perform Zelda's production of  The Crucible  at the Israel Festival.","1989 marked the end of an era as Zelda Fichandler announced that she would step down as Arena's producing director at the end of the 1990-1991 fortieth anniversary season. Douglas C. Wager would succeed her as artistic director. Amid financial difficulties and changing times for theaters everywhere, Arena's resident company of actors was disbanded by the late 1990s. Wager remained at the helm until 1998, when Molly Smith took over the position. Under Smith's leadership, Bing Thom architects completed another major renovation of Arena's existing buildings into the Mead Center for American Theater in 2010. Smith served as Arena's artistic director until 2023, when she retired and was succeeded by current Aristic Director, Hana Sharif.","Many now-famous actors took part in Arena Stage productions during the early part of their careers. Some of them include Robert Prosky, Morgan Freeman, Dianne Wiest, James Earl Jones, Kevin Kline, Christopher Guest, Yeardley Smith, Samuel L. Jackson, Ned Beatty, Jane Alexander, and Ron Perlman. Many other set designers, artists, costume designers, and technical workers owe their early success and experience to the Arena Stage."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to film and audio reels, Betacam, or U-matic tapes contained in Series 5.2 and 5.3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Arena Stage records, C0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Harvard Theatre Collection and George Mason University Special Collections Research Center staff. Reprocessed by Greta Suiter, Kerry Mitchell, Elizabeth Beckman, Diane Stancil, and Nick Welsh. EAD markup completed by Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds the personal papers of several individuals involved with Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Living Stage records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from 1949 to 2010, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records pertaining to the theater's finances, publicity, buildings, and programs.","Series 1: Administrative records (1949-2007) documents the creation, operation, and maintenance of Arena Stage and its various programs. It is further divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 1.1: Correspondence includes correspondence arranged alphabetically by the correspondent's last name or by organizational name. Some correspondence is further aggregated and then organized alphabetically, such as \"Play Correspondence\" or \"Audience Response.\" Of particular note are letters from President Bill Clinton, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and King Kong star Fay Wray. Subseries 1.2: Programs, policies, and procedures, includes records of Arena's programs, such as the \"Arena Angels\" volunteer program and fellowship programs, policies, such as bylaws, diversity policies, and handbooks, and planning, including season planning and long-range plans. This subseries is broken up into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.3.1: Financial papers documents Arena's finances and includes stockholder documents from its beginnings as a for-profit theater, grant-related documentation after the theater transitioned to a non-profit in the late 1950s, and records of the theater's development office, some of which were kept by department director Elspeth Udvarhelyi. Sub-subseries 1.3.2: Personnel records includes information on staff at Arena Stage arranged alphabetically. Of particular interest are headshots and/or resumes of a number of well-known actors, including James Earl Jones, Morgan Freeman, Henry Winkler, Edward Hermann, Yeardley Smith, Jane Alexander, Swoosie Kurtz, Victor Garber, Ron Perlman, Annette Benning, Olympia Dukakis, John Lithgow, John Voigt, Sigourney Weaver, and Rosemary Harris. Sub-subseries 1.3.3: Casting information contains notes on casting for productions arranged alphabetically by play. Sub-subseries 1.3.4: Production contracts includes official agreements between Arena and others arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 1.4: Meeting minutes contains meeting minutes from Arena's Board of Trustees, staff, and other subgroups within the organization. Subseries 1.5: Communications and events, is also divided into four sub-subseries. Sub-subseries 1.5.1: Events documents special events held by Arena Stage, including anniversaries, galas, benefits, openings and press events. Sub-subseries 1.5.2: Communications and Marketing includes records produced by the Communications and Marketing departments, including meeting minutes, planning, research, and correspondence. Sub-subseries 1.5.3: Printed Material includes subscriber materials, mailings, brochures, reviews collected and arranged by play title, and programs organized chronologically. Sub-subseries 1.5.4: Theater Communications Group contains correspondence, reports, and other information generated from Arena's association with the Theater Communications Group, an organization of theaters around the United States. Subseries 1.6: Buildings and facilities includes information about and architectural plans for Arena's various buildings over the years, including the Hippodrome, the Old Vat, the 1960 permanent building, and the Kreeger Theater addition.","Series 2: Production Files (1950-2010) is comprised of records related to the artistic development and performance of Arena's plays. It is divided into 6 subseries. Subseries 2.1: Dramaturgical files documents literary, historical and background research done by Arena's literary department for various plays, including articles, research packets, actor's packets, and scripts. It is generally organized alphabetically by play. Subseries 2.2: Playwright subject files contains research on various playwrights, both living and dead, whose work has been performed at Arena. It is organized alphabetically by playwright's last name. Subseries 2.3: Production files includes scripts, blocking information, correspondence, and other material related to the production of Arena's plays. It is arranged alphabetically by play title. Subseries 2.4: Stage manager's reports includes daily reports by the stage manager of productions for the entire runs of many of Arena's plays from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s. The reports include running times, incident reports, and other commentary on the audience and the performance. Subseries 2.5: Wrap files contains documents collected from throughout the runs of various productions, including reviews that reflect the wider response to the play. Subseries 2.6: Producing director's files contains documents from Arena's second Producing director after Zelda Fichandler, Doug Wager, who served from 1991-1998. It includes pre-production speeches given by Wager, as well as planning files.","Series 3: Photographs (1950-1991)is divided into 3 subseries. Subseries 3.1: Production photographs includes photos of scenes from Arena's productions arranged alphabetically by play. Subseries 3.2: Production books includes production photos collected in books, many of which are by professional photographer George de Vincent. Subseries 3.3: Buildings, staff, and events includes photographs of Arena's buildings, staff and cast portraits, and event photographs, such as prints from Arena's 30th anniversary celebration and from Arena's Soviet Union and Israel tours. Subseries 3.4: Negatives and slides includes slides and negatives of Arena's staff and events, as well as some buildings, sets, and production-related images.","Series 4: Oversize (1949-late 2000s) is divided into 3 subseries and contains a variety of oversize material. Subseries 4.1: Braille programs contains programs in Braille for various Arena productions from the 1990s and early 2000s. Subseries 4.2: Miscellaneous artwork and programs includes posters from Arena productions and events, enlarged photos, costume sketches, and other oversized material, such as a large model of the Mead Center for American Theater. Subseries 4.3: Scrapbooks contains scrapbooks created for each of Arena's seasons up until 1988. It also includes scrapbooks for Arena's tour of the Soviet Union and of visitors to Arena.","Series 5: Audiovisual (1970-2007) contains several types of formats and is divided into 3 subseries. Series 5.1: Performances on VHS contains VHS tapes (a few of which have associated DVDs) of performances at Arena arranged alphabetically by play title. Series 5.2: Reel-to-reel contains production and event footage on reel-to-reel film. Series 5.3: Other audiovisual formats and VHS tapes contains footage of events and productions on audiocassette, Betacam, and U-matic tapes. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ec96c412f915842d3012676b73803163\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Arena Stage records consist of material that spans the theater's history from its beginnings in 1950 to the present, including production notebooks, photographs, audiotapes, videotapes, playbills, scrapbooks, scripts, handwritten correspondence, and other production materials, as well as administrative records."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_22f8958322c3fdee6366a384bb686980\"\u003e\nR 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR 5, C 1, S 2 - R 9, C 4, S 7 \n\n\nR29, C1, S2\n\nOS R 3, C 2, S 1 - C 3, S 7\nOS R 4, C 5, S 5 \nOS R 5, C 2, S 3\nOS R 5, C 5, S 4\nOS R 6, C 4, S 6 - S 7\nOS R 7, C 1, S 2\nMap Case 9.1, 11.5"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)","Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Arena Stage (Organization : Washington, D.C.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"persname_ssim":["Fichandler, Thomas C.","Fichandler, Zelda, 1924-2016"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8332,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:23:25.700Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_416_c04_c03_c41"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University Office of the President records","Series 4: Materials from the office of Virgil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University Office of the President records","Series 4: Materials from the office of Virgil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977"],"text":["George Mason University Office of the President records","Series 4: Materials from the office of Virgil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977","1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)","box 1","folder 5"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)","title_ssm":["1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1976"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1978 biennial budget correspondence and documents - House Bill No. 30 document - related newsclippings (part 1 of 2)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":259,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Series 2-7 contain a number of access-restricted materials noted in the contents list. Restricted materials include personally identifiable information as well as confidential or otherwise sensitive personal information and exchanges. To find out more information regarding resticted material, please contact the University Archivist."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions for personal use of authorized materials. Permission to publish material from George Mason University Office of the President records must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 5"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:37:55.284Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_307.xml","title_ssm":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0019","/repositories/2/resources/307"],"text":["R0019","/repositories/2/resources/307","George Mason University Office of the President records","Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History","Universities and colleges -- Administration","Universities and colleges -- History","Universities and colleges","Education -- Virginia","University extension -- United States","Regional planning -- Virginia","School integration","Nineteen fifties","Nineteen sixties","Nineteen seventies","Nineteen eighties","Nineteen nineties","Education, Higher","Educational change","Education -- Political aspects -- United States","School boards","Affirmative action programs in education","Twentieth century","Twenty-first century","Two thousands (Decade)","Cultural pluralism","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Educational reports","Correspondence","Series 2-7 contain a number of access-restricted materials noted in the contents list. Restricted materials include personally identifiable information as well as confidential or otherwise sensitive personal information and exchanges. To find out more information regarding resticted material, please contact the University Archivist.","Digital versions are available of two of the ","The collection is arranged in eight chronologically ordered series. Each individual series is self-contained and is arranged in order of materials acquisition. Prior to reprocessing in 2020, preexisting materials in series 2-7 were arranged in alphabetical order.","Series 1: GMC/GMU Annual Reports, 1961-1980 (Boxes 1-2) Series 2: Materials from the offices of John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid, 1949-1966 (Boxes 1-3) Series 3: Materials from the office of Lorin Thompson, 1965-1975  (Boxes 1-18) Series 4: Materials from the office Vergil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977 (Boxes 1-6) Series 5: Materials from the office of Robert Krug: 1977-1978  (Boxes 1-2) Series 6: Materials from the office of George W. Johnson, 1978-1996 (Boxes 1-83) Series 7: Materials from the office of Alan G. Merten, 1996-2012 (Boxes 1-78) Series 8: Materials from the office of Ángel Cabrera, 2011-2013 (Box 1)","The institution known today as George Mason University (GMU) began as the University of Virginia (UVA) Extension Division's Northern Virginia University Center in 1949. The Center was administered by Director John N. G. Finley (1899-1971). In 1956, UVA established the University College, a two-year branch college, alongside the Northern Virginia University Center, with Finley serving as director of both institutions. In 1960 UVa officials changed the name of the two-year branch college to George Mason College of the University of Virginia","UVA coalesced its presence in Northern Virginia in 1964 by constructing a permanent campus just south of the then-Town of Fairfax. Robert H. Reid (1913-1970) served as director of George Mason College from 1964-1966.","In 1966 Lorin A. Thompson (1902-1999) became the first and only chancellor of George Mason College and it became a four-year degree-granting institution that same year. George Mason was separated from UVA on April 7, 1972 and become an independent university under the name George Mason University. Thompson was named GMU's first president. He retired from the position in 1973.","Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was selected as GMU's second president in 1973 and retired from his role in 1977.","Robert C. Krug (1918-2006) became the third president of GMU in 1977 and departed the position in 1978 to return to his former position as Vice President of Academic Affairs.","George W. Johnson (1928-2017) was chosen as the fourth president of GMU in 1978 and served for 18 years, the longest term of any George Mason president to date. He retired in 1996.","Alan G. Merten (1941-2020) was named the fifth president of GMU in 1996 and, after serving for 16 years, retired in 2012.","Ángel Cabrera (1967- ) became the sixth president of GMU in 2012 and served for seven years, departing from the position in 2019.","The materials which make up this collection were initially acquired by SCRC staff and processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the early-1980s. Additional processing and initial EAD completed by Pushyamethra Kandala in 2001. Reprocessed and EAD completed in 2010 by Greta Kuriger. Reprocessed, inventoried, and finding aid data entry by Lana Mason in 2020. In 2024 University Archivist Robert Vay completed the remaining finding aid data entry and publishing.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  .","For more on the history of George Mason University and its presidents, visit the online exhibit  .","The George Mason University Office of the President records contains a broad spectrum of materials originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University (GMU) Office of the President. These materials include, but are not limited to, correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meetings minutes, scrapbooks, audio-visual media and photographs.","The collection contains materials from the institution's beginning in 1949 as a subsidiary of the University of Virginia through the early 2010s. These materials chart the development, both culturally and physically, of the institution through the lens of its directors', chancellor's and presidents' correspondence, reports, and other administrative documents. ","In addition to providing information about GMU's academic and physical development, the collection provides a view of the sociocultural development of Northern Virginia and, by extension, the United States. Notable moments and cultural shifts in American history, such as the Civil Rights movement, the Vietnam War, diversity awareness, and the September 11 attacks are referenced within collection materials.","Series 1: Annual Reports contains the George Mason annual reports, compiled by the sitting college director or, later, university president. These reports documented the rate of change during George Mason's first twenty years.","Series 2: Early History contains correspondence, reports, campus development plans, and other documentation produced during George Mason's early years under directors John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid.","Series 3: Lorin A. Thompson contains materials such as correspondence, administrative meetings minutes, Civil Rights Act compliance documents, land acquisition and building plans, memoranda, photographs, scrapbooks, and reports dating from the tenure of Lorin A. Thompson.","Series 4: Vergil H. Dykstra contains materials such as budget reports, administrative meetings minutes, and enrollment statistics from the tenure of Vergil H. Dykstra.","Series 5: Robert C. Krug primarily contains correspondence from the tenure of Robert C. Krug.","Series 6: George W. Johnson contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of George W. Johnson.","Series 7: Alan G. Merten contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of Alan G. Merten. ","Series 8: Ángel Cabrera contains 2013 Spring and Winter Commencements planning documents, Colonial Athletic Association meetings minutes and correspondence, and holiday greetings and event invitation cards from the tenure of Ángel Cabrera.","There are no restrictions for personal use of authorized materials. Permission to publish material from George Mason University Office of the President records must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Collection contains a wide range of materials including correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meeting minutes, scrapbooks, and photographs originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University Office of the President.","R81, C1, S1 - R82, C2, S5","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Office of the President","George Mason University","Johnson, George W., 1928-2017","Merten, Alan G.","Thompson, Lorin A., 1902-1999","Reid, Robert H., 1913-1970","Krug, Robert C. , 1918-2006","Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","Cabrera, Angel, 1967-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["R0019","/repositories/2/resources/307"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Office of the President records"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Office of the President"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Office of the President"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Office of the President"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Office of the President"],"places_ssim":["Fairfax County (Va.) -- History","Virginia, Northern","Virginia, Northern -- History"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions for personal use of authorized materials. Permission to publish material from George Mason University Office of the President records must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These materials were and are actively being acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center through the Office of the President."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Universities and colleges -- Administration","Universities and colleges -- History","Universities and colleges","Education -- Virginia","University extension -- United States","Regional planning -- Virginia","School integration","Nineteen fifties","Nineteen sixties","Nineteen seventies","Nineteen eighties","Nineteen nineties","Education, Higher","Educational change","Education -- Political aspects -- United States","School boards","Affirmative action programs in education","Twentieth century","Twenty-first century","Two thousands (Decade)","Cultural pluralism","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Educational reports","Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Universities and colleges -- Administration","Universities and colleges -- History","Universities and colleges","Education -- Virginia","University extension -- United States","Regional planning -- Virginia","School integration","Nineteen fifties","Nineteen sixties","Nineteen seventies","Nineteen eighties","Nineteen nineties","Education, Higher","Educational change","Education -- Political aspects -- United States","School boards","Affirmative action programs in education","Twentieth century","Twenty-first century","Two thousands (Decade)","Cultural pluralism","Speeches, addresses, etc.","Educational reports","Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["96.5 Linear Feet 193 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["96.5 Linear Feet 193 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 2-7 contain a number of access-restricted materials noted in the contents list. Restricted materials include personally identifiable information as well as confidential or otherwise sensitive personal information and exchanges. To find out more information regarding resticted material, please contact the University Archivist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Series 2-7 contain a number of access-restricted materials noted in the contents list. Restricted materials include personally identifiable information as well as confidential or otherwise sensitive personal information and exchanges. To find out more information regarding resticted material, please contact the University Archivist."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital versions are available of two of the \u003cextptr href=\"http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~16~16\" title=\"President Thompson scrapbooks.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Digital versions are available of two of the "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in eight chronologically ordered series. Each individual series is self-contained and is arranged in order of materials acquisition. Prior to reprocessing in 2020, preexisting materials in series 2-7 were arranged in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: GMC/GMU Annual Reports, 1961-1980 (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Materials from the offices of John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid, 1949-1966 (Boxes 1-3)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Materials from the office of Lorin Thompson, 1965-1975  (Boxes 1-18)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Materials from the office Vergil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977 (Boxes 1-6)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Materials from the office of Robert Krug: 1977-1978  (Boxes 1-2)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Materials from the office of George W. Johnson, 1978-1996 (Boxes 1-83)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Materials from the office of Alan G. Merten, 1996-2012 (Boxes 1-78)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Materials from the office of Ángel Cabrera, 2011-2013 (Box 1)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in eight chronologically ordered series. Each individual series is self-contained and is arranged in order of materials acquisition. Prior to reprocessing in 2020, preexisting materials in series 2-7 were arranged in alphabetical order.","Series 1: GMC/GMU Annual Reports, 1961-1980 (Boxes 1-2) Series 2: Materials from the offices of John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid, 1949-1966 (Boxes 1-3) Series 3: Materials from the office of Lorin Thompson, 1965-1975  (Boxes 1-18) Series 4: Materials from the office Vergil H. Dykstra, 1973-1977 (Boxes 1-6) Series 5: Materials from the office of Robert Krug: 1977-1978  (Boxes 1-2) Series 6: Materials from the office of George W. Johnson, 1978-1996 (Boxes 1-83) Series 7: Materials from the office of Alan G. Merten, 1996-2012 (Boxes 1-78) Series 8: Materials from the office of Ángel Cabrera, 2011-2013 (Box 1)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe institution known today as George Mason University (GMU) began as the University of Virginia (UVA) Extension Division's Northern Virginia University Center in 1949. The Center was administered by Director John N. G. Finley (1899-1971). In 1956, UVA established the University College, a two-year branch college, alongside the Northern Virginia University Center, with Finley serving as director of both institutions. In 1960 UVa officials changed the name of the two-year branch college to George Mason College of the University of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUVA coalesced its presence in Northern Virginia in 1964 by constructing a permanent campus just south of the then-Town of Fairfax. Robert H. Reid (1913-1970) served as director of George Mason College from 1964-1966.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1966 Lorin A. Thompson (1902-1999) became the first and only chancellor of George Mason College and it became a four-year degree-granting institution that same year. George Mason was separated from UVA on April 7, 1972 and become an independent university under the name George Mason University. Thompson was named GMU's first president. He retired from the position in 1973.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eVergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was selected as GMU's second president in 1973 and retired from his role in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobert C. Krug (1918-2006) became the third president of GMU in 1977 and departed the position in 1978 to return to his former position as Vice President of Academic Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge W. Johnson (1928-2017) was chosen as the fourth president of GMU in 1978 and served for 18 years, the longest term of any George Mason president to date. He retired in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlan G. Merten (1941-2020) was named the fifth president of GMU in 1996 and, after serving for 16 years, retired in 2012.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eÁngel Cabrera (1967- ) became the sixth president of GMU in 2012 and served for seven years, departing from the position in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The institution known today as George Mason University (GMU) began as the University of Virginia (UVA) Extension Division's Northern Virginia University Center in 1949. The Center was administered by Director John N. G. Finley (1899-1971). In 1956, UVA established the University College, a two-year branch college, alongside the Northern Virginia University Center, with Finley serving as director of both institutions. In 1960 UVa officials changed the name of the two-year branch college to George Mason College of the University of Virginia","UVA coalesced its presence in Northern Virginia in 1964 by constructing a permanent campus just south of the then-Town of Fairfax. Robert H. Reid (1913-1970) served as director of George Mason College from 1964-1966.","In 1966 Lorin A. Thompson (1902-1999) became the first and only chancellor of George Mason College and it became a four-year degree-granting institution that same year. George Mason was separated from UVA on April 7, 1972 and become an independent university under the name George Mason University. Thompson was named GMU's first president. He retired from the position in 1973.","Vergil H. Dykstra (1925-2010) was selected as GMU's second president in 1973 and retired from his role in 1977.","Robert C. Krug (1918-2006) became the third president of GMU in 1977 and departed the position in 1978 to return to his former position as Vice President of Academic Affairs.","George W. Johnson (1928-2017) was chosen as the fourth president of GMU in 1978 and served for 18 years, the longest term of any George Mason president to date. He retired in 1996.","Alan G. Merten (1941-2020) was named the fifth president of GMU in 1996 and, after serving for 16 years, retired in 2012.","Ángel Cabrera (1967- ) became the sixth president of GMU in 2012 and served for seven years, departing from the position in 2019."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Office of the President records, R0019, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Office of the President records, R0019, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials which make up this collection were initially acquired by SCRC staff and processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the early-1980s. Additional processing and initial EAD completed by Pushyamethra Kandala in 2001. Reprocessed and EAD completed in 2010 by Greta Kuriger. Reprocessed, inventoried, and finding aid data entry by Lana Mason in 2020. In 2024 University Archivist Robert Vay completed the remaining finding aid data entry and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The materials which make up this collection were initially acquired by SCRC staff and processed by SCRC Archivist and Records Manager, Barbara Haase and SCRC staff beginning in the early-1980s. Additional processing and initial EAD completed by Pushyamethra Kandala in 2001. Reprocessed and EAD completed in 2010 by Greta Kuriger. Reprocessed, inventoried, and finding aid data entry by Lana Mason in 2020. In 2024 University Archivist Robert Vay completed the remaining finding aid data entry and publishing."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"George Mason University Office of the Registrar records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0026\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"George Mason University Office of the Senior Vice President records\" href=\"https://aspace.gmu.edu/resources/r0024\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more on the history of George Mason University and its presidents, visit the online exhibit \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"George Mason University: A History\" href=\"https://masonlibraries.org/masonhistory\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the   and the  .","For more on the history of George Mason University and its presidents, visit the online exhibit  ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe George Mason University Office of the President records contains a broad spectrum of materials originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University (GMU) Office of the President. These materials include, but are not limited to, correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meetings minutes, scrapbooks, audio-visual media and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains materials from the institution's beginning in 1949 as a subsidiary of the University of Virginia through the early 2010s. These materials chart the development, both culturally and physically, of the institution through the lens of its directors', chancellor's and presidents' correspondence, reports, and other administrative documents. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to providing information about GMU's academic and physical development, the collection provides a view of the sociocultural development of Northern Virginia and, by extension, the United States. Notable moments and cultural shifts in American history, such as the Civil Rights movement, the Vietnam War, diversity awareness, and the September 11 attacks are referenced within collection materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Annual Reports contains the George Mason annual reports, compiled by the sitting college director or, later, university president. These reports documented the rate of change during George Mason's first twenty years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Early History contains correspondence, reports, campus development plans, and other documentation produced during George Mason's early years under directors John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Lorin A. Thompson contains materials such as correspondence, administrative meetings minutes, Civil Rights Act compliance documents, land acquisition and building plans, memoranda, photographs, scrapbooks, and reports dating from the tenure of Lorin A. Thompson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Vergil H. Dykstra contains materials such as budget reports, administrative meetings minutes, and enrollment statistics from the tenure of Vergil H. Dykstra.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Robert C. Krug primarily contains correspondence from the tenure of Robert C. Krug.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: George W. Johnson contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of George W. Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Alan G. Merten contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of Alan G. Merten. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Ángel Cabrera contains 2013 Spring and Winter Commencements planning documents, Colonial Athletic Association meetings minutes and correspondence, and holiday greetings and event invitation cards from the tenure of Ángel Cabrera.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The George Mason University Office of the President records contains a broad spectrum of materials originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University (GMU) Office of the President. These materials include, but are not limited to, correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meetings minutes, scrapbooks, audio-visual media and photographs.","The collection contains materials from the institution's beginning in 1949 as a subsidiary of the University of Virginia through the early 2010s. These materials chart the development, both culturally and physically, of the institution through the lens of its directors', chancellor's and presidents' correspondence, reports, and other administrative documents. ","In addition to providing information about GMU's academic and physical development, the collection provides a view of the sociocultural development of Northern Virginia and, by extension, the United States. Notable moments and cultural shifts in American history, such as the Civil Rights movement, the Vietnam War, diversity awareness, and the September 11 attacks are referenced within collection materials.","Series 1: Annual Reports contains the George Mason annual reports, compiled by the sitting college director or, later, university president. These reports documented the rate of change during George Mason's first twenty years.","Series 2: Early History contains correspondence, reports, campus development plans, and other documentation produced during George Mason's early years under directors John Norville Gibson Finley and Robert Reid.","Series 3: Lorin A. Thompson contains materials such as correspondence, administrative meetings minutes, Civil Rights Act compliance documents, land acquisition and building plans, memoranda, photographs, scrapbooks, and reports dating from the tenure of Lorin A. Thompson.","Series 4: Vergil H. Dykstra contains materials such as budget reports, administrative meetings minutes, and enrollment statistics from the tenure of Vergil H. Dykstra.","Series 5: Robert C. Krug primarily contains correspondence from the tenure of Robert C. Krug.","Series 6: George W. Johnson contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of George W. Johnson.","Series 7: Alan G. Merten contains a wide variety of materials including correspondence, speeches, and reports from the tenure of Alan G. Merten. ","Series 8: Ángel Cabrera contains 2013 Spring and Winter Commencements planning documents, Colonial Athletic Association meetings minutes and correspondence, and holiday greetings and event invitation cards from the tenure of Ángel Cabrera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions for personal use of authorized materials. Permission to publish material from George Mason University Office of the President records must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions for personal use of authorized materials. Permission to publish material from George Mason University Office of the President records must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1fe5f00f5f1196924ca9248e4e7b3524\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection contains a wide range of materials including correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meeting minutes, scrapbooks, and photographs originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University Office of the President.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Collection contains a wide range of materials including correspondence, studies, reports, speeches, meeting minutes, scrapbooks, and photographs originating within, received, or accessed by the George Mason University Office of the President."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ea4c5eee18e65093e3f6f8ba5816dddc\"\u003eR81, C1, S1 - R82, C2, S5\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["R81, C1, S1 - R82, C2, S5"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University","George Mason University. Office of the President","Johnson, George W., 1928-2017","Merten, Alan G.","Thompson, Lorin A., 1902-1999","Reid, Robert H., 1913-1970","Krug, Robert C. , 1918-2006","Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","Cabrera, Angel, 1967-"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Office of the President","George Mason University","Johnson, George W., 1928-2017","Merten, Alan G.","Thompson, Lorin A., 1902-1999","Reid, Robert H., 1913-1970","Krug, Robert C. , 1918-2006","Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","Cabrera, Angel, 1967-"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Office of the President","George Mason University"],"persname_ssim":["Johnson, George W., 1928-2017","Merten, Alan G.","Thompson, Lorin A., 1902-1999","Reid, Robert H., 1913-1970","Krug, Robert C. , 1918-2006","Dykstra, Vergil H., 1925-2010","Cabrera, Angel, 1967-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2384,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:37:55.284Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_307_c04_c05"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"text":["National Youth Science Camp Records","1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports","Box 45"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports","title_ssm":["1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports"],"title_tesim":["1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1982"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1982 NYSC Ham Radio and PA System Reports"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1096,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"containers_ssim":["Box 45"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1095","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:35.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3530.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197375","title_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"title_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1960-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1960-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530"],"text":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530","National Youth Science Camp Records","Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Records of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530"],"normalized_title_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"collection_ssim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creator_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creators_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["62.5 Linear Feet Summary: 62 ft. 6 in. (50 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["62.5 Linear Feet Summary: 62 ft. 6 in. (50 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], National Youth Science Camp Records, A\u0026amp;M 4084, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], National Youth Science Camp Records, A\u0026M 4084, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc104c16d3f855f95686186977e4a8d1\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1141,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:35.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1096"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"text":["National Youth Science Camp Records","1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking","Box 46"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking","title_ssm":["1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking"],"title_tesim":["1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1986 NYSC Program Area Report for Camping/Caving/Climbing/Kayaking"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1112,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"containers_ssim":["Box 46"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1111","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:35.771Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_3530.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/197375","title_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"title_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1960-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1960-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530"],"text":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530","National Youth Science Camp Records","Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.","Records of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4084","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/3530"],"normalized_title_ssm":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"collection_ssim":["National Youth Science Camp Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creator_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"creators_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["62.5 Linear Feet Summary: 62 ft. 6 in. (50 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"extent_tesim":["62.5 Linear Feet Summary: 62 ft. 6 in. (50 record cartons, 15 in. each)"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form, since special access restriction applies.  All or part of this collection is stored offsite. Please make an appointment prior to visiting."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], National Youth Science Camp Records, A\u0026amp;M 4084, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], National Youth Science Camp Records, A\u0026M 4084, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of the National Youth Science Camp, an annual science education camp for recent high school graduates held each summer at Camp Pocahontas near Thornwood, West Virginia.  Includes administrative records, such as minutes, correspondence, reports, financial records, and some facilities and construction records.  There are also student delegate files, yearbooks, press books, press releases, clippings, photographs, and materials regarding a senate luncheon held regularly which includes invited speakers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_dc104c16d3f855f95686186977e4a8d1\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Youth Science Foundation"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","National Youth Science Foundation"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1141,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:05:35.771Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_3530_c1112"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers","Series 2: Correspondence","Subseries 2: Chronological correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers","Series 2: Correspondence","Subseries 2: Chronological correspondence"],"text":["James M. Buchanan papers","Series 2: Correspondence","Subseries 2: Chronological correspondence","1976-1988","box 110","folder 14"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-1988","title_ssm":["1976-1988"],"title_tesim":["1976-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-1988"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1564,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["\nIMPORTANT ACCESS INFORMATION: To schedule an appointment to view materials from the James M. Buchanan papers in the SCRC reading room, please fill out the  You can request up to 12 boxes per appointment (day). Appointments will be scheduled on a first-come, first-served basis. \n","\nPlease note, due to the high demand for this collection, we will be prioritizing on-site requests over remote requests. Virtual reference will be limited to 30 minutes of research per request. If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\n","\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation.\n"],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/) Materials created prior to 1931 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"containers_ssim":["box 110","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:30:39.946Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_367.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"C0246","title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"text":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367","James M. Buchanan papers","Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings","\nIMPORTANT ACCESS INFORMATION: To schedule an appointment to view materials from the James M. Buchanan papers in the SCRC reading room, please fill out the   You can request up to 12 boxes per appointment (day). Appointments will be scheduled on a first-come, first-served basis. \n","\nPlease note, due to the high demand for this collection, we will be prioritizing on-site requests over remote requests. Virtual reference will be limited to 30 minutes of research per request. If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\n","\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation.\n","The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series Series 1: Biographical materials Series 2: Correspondence Series 3: Writings Series 4: Academia Series 5: Professional service Series 6: Betty Tillman papers Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers Series 8: Writings by others Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials","James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. ","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published  Public Principles of Public Debt . In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published  The Calculus of Consent . ","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including  Cost and Choice  (1969),  Academia in Anarchy  with Nicos Devletoglou (1970),  The Limits of Liberty  (1975), and  The Power to Tax  with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). ","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published  The Reason of Rules  (1985),  Better than Plowing  (1992), and  Politics by Principle, Not Interest  with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. ","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. ","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  ","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing  The Collected Works of James Buchanan  and  The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock  for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.","This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. ","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. ","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.","The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. ","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing  The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan  and  The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock  on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. ","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. ","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/) Materials created prior to 1931 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.","The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.","\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"unitid_tesim":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creators_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/) Materials created prior to 1931 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center in September 2016. Additional materials acquired in April 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"extent_tesim":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nIMPORTANT ACCESS INFORMATION: To schedule an appointment to view materials from the James M. Buchanan papers in the SCRC reading room, please fill out the \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Appointment Request Form.\" href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdHUG7aGultbMH3bLgyLWZmAqsdLAYpErUjBiv5Yb968aHkTA/viewform\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e You can request up to 12 boxes per appointment (day). Appointments will be scheduled on a first-come, first-served basis. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nPlease note, due to the high demand for this collection, we will be prioritizing on-site requests over remote requests. Virtual reference will be limited to 30 minutes of research per request. If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["\nIMPORTANT ACCESS INFORMATION: To schedule an appointment to view materials from the James M. Buchanan papers in the SCRC reading room, please fill out the   You can request up to 12 boxes per appointment (day). Appointments will be scheduled on a first-come, first-served basis. \n","\nPlease note, due to the high demand for this collection, we will be prioritizing on-site requests over remote requests. Virtual reference will be limited to 30 minutes of research per request. If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\n","\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in nine series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Academia\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Professional service\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series Series 1: Biographical materials Series 2: Correspondence Series 3: Writings Series 4: Academia Series 5: Professional service Series 6: Betty Tillman papers Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers Series 8: Writings by others Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Principles of Public Debt\u003c/title\u003e. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Calculus of Consent\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including \u003ctitle\u003eCost and Choice\u003c/title\u003e (1969), \u003ctitle\u003eAcademia in Anarchy\u003c/title\u003e with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Limits of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (1975), and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Power to Tax\u003c/title\u003e with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reason of Rules\u003c/title\u003e (1985), \u003ctitle\u003eBetter than Plowing\u003c/title\u003e (1992), and \u003ctitle\u003ePolitics by Principle, Not Interest\u003c/title\u003e with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBorn on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing \u003ctitle\u003eThe Collected Works of James Buchanan\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/title\u003e for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. ","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published  Public Principles of Public Debt . In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published  The Calculus of Consent . ","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including  Cost and Choice  (1969),  Academia in Anarchy  with Nicos Devletoglou (1970),  The Limits of Liberty  (1975), and  The Power to Tax  with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). ","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published  The Reason of Rules  (1985),  Better than Plowing  (1992), and  Politics by Principle, Not Interest  with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. ","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. ","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  ","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing  The Collected Works of James Buchanan  and  The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock  for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. ","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. ","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing \u003citalic\u003eThe Collected Works of James M. Buchanan\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/italic\u003e on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. ","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing  The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan  and  The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock  on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. ","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. ","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/) Materials created prior to 1931 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/) Materials created prior to 1931 are in the Public Domain. These materials have no known restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc2473150c319436276a1da8ef369a9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b0c53c39bdb12bf69a095c3db88292a9\"\u003e\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"language_ssim":["The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8943,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:30:39.946Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c02_c09"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"text":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files","1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection","box RG-19 Box 2","folder 7"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection","title_ssm":["1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection"],"title_tesim":["1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-77 Season: announcement of events, members-list, correspondence; Fall Meeting-memos, attendance; Collector of the Year (Kreeger)-invitation, press release, correspondence, biography, draft of Museum of African Art publication on Kreeger collection"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":33,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box RG-19 Box 2","folder 7"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#31","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_41.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/41","title_filing_ssi":"Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1959-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"text":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41","Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeason Files, 1959-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDealer Files, 1963-1972\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeneral Files, 1959-2002, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c32"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"text":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files","1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms","box RG-19 Box 2","folder 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms","title_ssm":["1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms"],"title_tesim":["1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-77 Season: Collectors' Choice Object Information Forms"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":35,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box RG-19 Box 2","folder 9"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#33","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_41.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/41","title_filing_ssi":"Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1959-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"text":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41","Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeason Files, 1959-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDealer Files, 1963-1972\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeneral Files, 1959-2002, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c34"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01","parent_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files"],"text":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","Series 1: Season Files","1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members","box RG-19 Box 2","folder 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members","title_ssm":["1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members"],"title_tesim":["1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1976-77 Season Continued: Dinner-program, announcement, memos, related correspondence; Collectors' Choice-announcement, press release, works available, some pictures, Slade (judge) correspondence; Spring Meeting-memos, Slade (critic) correspondence, related correspondence; policy-revision memos, letter to members"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":34,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box RG-19 Box 2","folder 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#32","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_41","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_41.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/41","title_filing_ssi":"Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1959-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1959-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"text":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41","Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)","The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).","The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated","The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RG-19","/repositories/2/resources/41"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"extent_tesim":["6.25 Linear Feet 5 boxes; 127 folders and 1 item"],"date_range_isim":[1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. ","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeason Files, 1959-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDealer Files, 1963-1972\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeneral Files, 1959-2002, undated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into three series, and items are arranged chronologically within each series.","Series 1 Season Files, 1959-2007 Series 2 Dealer Files, 1963-1972 Series 3 General Files, 1959-2002, undated"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Collections Department and Foundation through periodic deposits."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Collectors' Circle (RG-19). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":131,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:55:22.590Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_41_c01_c33"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":310},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":9614},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":56},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":1001},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":10523},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":297},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":1820},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":48},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":152},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":5124},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Randolph-Macon College","value":"Randolph-Macon College","hits":63},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Randolph-Macon+College\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Are You a Mountaineer Fan?\" Poster","value":"\"Are You a Mountaineer Fan?\" Poster","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Are+You+a+Mountaineer+Fan%3F%22+Poster\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"Arts in Virginia\" (PB-04)","value":"\"Arts in Virginia\" (PB-04)","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Arts+in+Virginia%22+%28PB-04%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"Colonel John Bowman Treasure Map\" (typescript), a Hand Drawn Map of Western Virginia, and a Map of Marshall County","value":"\"Colonel John Bowman Treasure Map\" (typescript), a Hand Drawn Map of Western Virginia, and a Map of Marshall County","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Colonel+John+Bowman+Treasure+Map%22+%28typescript%29%2C+a+Hand+Drawn+Map+of+Western+Virginia%2C+and+a+Map+of+Marshall+County\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","value":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22More+Than+the+Sum+of+Our+Body+Parts%3A+An+Exhibit+by+CARY%2C+1992-1993%22\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"201st National Guard Regiment Histories","value":"201st National Guard Regiment Histories","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=201st+National+Guard+Regiment+Histories\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"4-H Project, West Virginia Flowers and Trees and Other Records","value":"4-H Project, West Virginia Flowers and Trees and Other Records","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=4-H+Project%2C+West+Virginia+Flowers+and+Trees+and+Other+Records\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"8th Evacuation Hospital collection","value":"8th Evacuation Hospital collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=8th+Evacuation+Hospital+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A New and Accurate Map of the County of Patrick, Virginia","value":"A New and Accurate Map of the County of Patrick, Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+New+and+Accurate+Map+of+the+County+of+Patrick%2C+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Settlement Map of Franklin County, Virginia, giving the Names and Locations of Many of the Early Settlers from 1786 to 1886","value":"A Settlement Map of Franklin County, Virginia, giving the Names and Locations of Many of the Early Settlers from 1786 to 1886","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Settlement+Map+of+Franklin+County%2C+Virginia%2C+giving+the+Names+and+Locations+of+Many+of+the+Early+Settlers+from+1786+to+1886\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Christian Compton Papers","value":"A. Christian Compton Papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Christian+Compton+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","value":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+E.+Dick+Howard+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"0","value":"0","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=0\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"994","value":"994","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=994\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"995","value":"995","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=995\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"996","value":"996","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=996\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"997","value":"997","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=997\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"998","value":"998","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=998\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"999","value":"999","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=999\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1000","value":"1000","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1000\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1001","value":"1001","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1001\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1002","value":"1002","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1002\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1003","value":"1003","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1003\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"201st National Guard Regiment","value":"201st National Guard Regiment","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=201st+National+Guard+Regiment\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"4-H","value":"4-H","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=4-H\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","value":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=4-H+All+Stars.+Virginia+Chapter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. M. \u0026 W. L. Janney","value":"A. M. \u0026 W. L. Janney","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=A.+M.+%26+W.+L.+Janney\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aaron Siskind Foundation","value":"Aaron Siskind Foundation","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Aaron+Siskind+Foundation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aaron, Reid S. (Reid Stanley), 1918-1944","value":"Aaron, Reid S. (Reid Stanley), 1918-1944","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Aaron%2C+Reid+S.+%28Reid+Stanley%29%2C+1918-1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abate, Kathy","value":"Abate, Kathy","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Abate%2C+Kathy\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abbott, Carl (1944-)","value":"Abbott, Carl (1944-)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Abbott%2C+Carl+%281944-%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adagio Press","value":"Adagio Press","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adagio+Press\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adam, William R. (William Robert), 1918-1992","value":"Adam, William R. (William Robert), 1918-1992","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adam%2C+William+R.+%28William+Robert%29%2C+1918-1992\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","value":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Elizabeth+Kent\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\n                     Brockenbrough, Edwin C.","value":"\n                     Brockenbrough, Edwin C.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Brockenbrough%2C+Edwin+C.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                     Phetteplace, Carl H.","value":"\n                     Phetteplace, Carl H.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Phetteplace%2C+Carl+H.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                     Wrzesinski, Conrad J.","value":"\n                     Wrzesinski, Conrad J.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Wrzesinski%2C+Conrad+J.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Dorothy","value":"\n                  Dorothy","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Dorothy\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Honore","value":"\n                  Honore","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Honore\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Melvin","value":"\n                  Melvin","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Melvin\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Rhoda","value":"\n                  Rhoda","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Rhoda\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Sidney","value":"\n                  Sidney","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Sidney\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Terry","value":"\n                  Terry","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Terry\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\nPrince William Symphony Orchestra.","value":"\nPrince William Symphony Orchestra.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0APrince+William+Symphony+Orchestra.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Los Angeles Times (Firm)","value":" Los Angeles Times (Firm)","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=+Los+Angeles+Times+%28Firm%29\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":" United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","value":" United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=+United+States+--+History+--+Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abortion--Law and Legislation--United States","value":"Abortion--Law and Legislation--United States","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Abortion--Law+and+Legislation--United+States\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","value":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Accomack+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Afghanistan","value":"Afghanistan","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Afghanistan\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa","value":"Africa","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Slides","value":"Africa -- Slides","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Slides\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa, East--Maps","value":"Africa, East--Maps","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa%2C+East--Maps\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa--Description and travel","value":"Africa--Description and travel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa--Description+and+travel\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American Women Authors","value":"African American Women Authors","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=African+American+Women+Authors\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","value":"African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=African+American+neighborhoods+--+Virginia+--+Alexandria.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aguaruna indigenous group","value":"Aguaruna indigenous group","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Aguaruna+indigenous+group\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\tUnited States. Army--Artillery","value":"\tUnited States. Army--Artillery","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%09United+States.+Army--Artillery\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n\nPhotographic prints.","value":"\n\nPhotographic prints.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%0A%0APhotographic+prints.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\nSymphony orchestras--United States--Virginia--Prince William County. ","value":"\nSymphony orchestras--United States--Virginia--Prince William County. ","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%0ASymphony+orchestras--United+States--Virginia--Prince+William+County.+\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Arson","value":" Arson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Arson\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" College students, Black","value":" College students, Black","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+College+students%2C+Black\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Elementary schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- History","value":" Elementary schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Elementary+schools+--+Virginia+--+Rockingham+County+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Forest management -- Massanutten National Forest (Va.)","value":" Forest management -- Massanutten National Forest (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Forest+management+--+Massanutten+National+Forest+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" LGBTQ+ activism","value":" LGBTQ+ activism","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+LGBTQ%2B+activism\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" LGBTQ+ drama","value":" LGBTQ+ drama","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+LGBTQ%2B+drama\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Anniversaries","value":" New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Anniversaries","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+New+Market%2C+Battle+of%2C+New+Market%2C+Va.%2C+1864%E2%80%94Anniversaries\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Periodicals","value":" Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Periodicals","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Poultry+industry+--+Virginia+--+Shenandoah+River+Valley+%28Va.+and+W.+Va.%29+--+Periodicals\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Binder","value":"Binder","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Binder\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Box","value":"Box","hits":686},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Box ","value":"Box ","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box+\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Class","value":"Class","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Class\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":3389},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":42241},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Folder","value":"Folder","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Folder\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":6701},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Partial box","value":"Partial box","hits":8},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Partial+box\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record Group","value":"Record Group","hits":51},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+Group\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record group","value":"Record group","hits":14},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+group\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":54},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026page=13\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}}]}