{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=12","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=11","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=13","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=598"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":12,"next_page":13,"prev_page":11,"total_pages":598,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":110,"total_count":5980,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"AAUW Treasurers Record Books","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter","Series II: Administrative Documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter","Series II: Administrative Documents"],"text":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter","Series II: Administrative Documents","AAUW Treasurers Record Books","box 2","folder 33"],"title_filing_ssi":"AAUW Treasurers Record Books","title_ssm":["AAUW Treasurers Record Books"],"title_tesim":["AAUW Treasurers Record Books"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-1980","1980-1982"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1972/1980, 1980/1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["AAUW Treasurers Record Books"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":44,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 33"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#32","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:31:17.692Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3080.xml","title_filing_ssi":"American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter Records","title_ssm":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"title_tesim":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.30.05a"],"text":["RG.30.05a","Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","This collection is organized in seven series. ","Series I: Minutes contains meeting minutes from 1930-1992. This series in arranged in reverse chronological order. ","Series II: Administrative Documents includes budgets, bylaws, constitutions, treasury and membership reports, foundation and award materials, and organizational histories dating from about 1930-2000. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by material type. ","Series III: Activities, Groups, and Community Outreach consists of papers and reports documenting community events, sponsored activities, local and national causes, and support for education equality from 1940-2008. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title. ","Series IV: Annual Reports and Publicity Materials contains materials used to create annual reports, annual reports, some correspondence relating to the chapter, information about officers, and some historic clippings from 1937-2007. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title.","Series V: Awards and Community Action includes  materials from committees, award ceremonies, scholarships, education events, and non-AAUW conferences from 1926-2002. This series is arranged alphabetically by event type. ","Series VI: Periodicals consists of programs and publications from local, state, national, and international conventions and conferences, as well as local chapter scrapbooks, from 1941-1987. This series is arranged geographically, from largest region (International) to smallest region (Blacksburg Chapter). ","Series VII: Oversize Materials includes materials relating to the chapter's history and a banner from the 75th anniversary. ","The American Association of University Women (AAUW) was founded in 1881. The AAUW is a non-profit organization that advocates for the advancement of girls and women through empowerment, research, and advancement. The organization has a nationwide network of 150,000 members, 1,500 branches, and 500 college and university partners. The Virginia Tech chapter was formed in 1926.","The guide to the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter was completed in July 2013.","This collection consists of official records and periodicals from both the local AAUW Blacksburg Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, treasurer's records and administrative materials, membership lists, state and national convention programs, yearbooks, certificates, awards and scholarships, reports, and other materials concerning local and statewide community outreach. Current materials date from the chapter's founding in 1926 through 2008.  Series I, folder 17.A contains materials relating to the Mrs. Archie Richmond civil rights controversy.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection consists of official records and periodicals from the AAUW, Virginia Tech Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, administrative records, state and national convention programs, awards and scholarships, publications, and other materials concerning community outreach from 1926-2008.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["RG.30.05a"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in May 1990. Additions were donated in March 1992 and December 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.7 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["8.7 Cubic Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized in seven series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Minutes contains meeting minutes from 1930-1992. This series in arranged in reverse chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Administrative Documents includes budgets, bylaws, constitutions, treasury and membership reports, foundation and award materials, and organizational histories dating from about 1930-2000. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by material type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Activities, Groups, and Community Outreach consists of papers and reports documenting community events, sponsored activities, local and national causes, and support for education equality from 1940-2008. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Annual Reports and Publicity Materials contains materials used to create annual reports, annual reports, some correspondence relating to the chapter, information about officers, and some historic clippings from 1937-2007. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Awards and Community Action includes  materials from committees, award ceremonies, scholarships, education events, and non-AAUW conferences from 1926-2002. This series is arranged alphabetically by event type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Periodicals consists of programs and publications from local, state, national, and international conventions and conferences, as well as local chapter scrapbooks, from 1941-1987. This series is arranged geographically, from largest region (International) to smallest region (Blacksburg Chapter). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Oversize Materials includes materials relating to the chapter's history and a banner from the 75th anniversary. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized in seven series. ","Series I: Minutes contains meeting minutes from 1930-1992. This series in arranged in reverse chronological order. ","Series II: Administrative Documents includes budgets, bylaws, constitutions, treasury and membership reports, foundation and award materials, and organizational histories dating from about 1930-2000. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by material type. ","Series III: Activities, Groups, and Community Outreach consists of papers and reports documenting community events, sponsored activities, local and national causes, and support for education equality from 1940-2008. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title. ","Series IV: Annual Reports and Publicity Materials contains materials used to create annual reports, annual reports, some correspondence relating to the chapter, information about officers, and some historic clippings from 1937-2007. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by folder title.","Series V: Awards and Community Action includes  materials from committees, award ceremonies, scholarships, education events, and non-AAUW conferences from 1926-2002. This series is arranged alphabetically by event type. ","Series VI: Periodicals consists of programs and publications from local, state, national, and international conventions and conferences, as well as local chapter scrapbooks, from 1941-1987. This series is arranged geographically, from largest region (International) to smallest region (Blacksburg Chapter). ","Series VII: Oversize Materials includes materials relating to the chapter's history and a banner from the 75th anniversary. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe American Association of University Women (AAUW) was founded in 1881. The AAUW is a non-profit organization that advocates for the advancement of girls and women through empowerment, research, and advancement. The organization has a nationwide network of 150,000 members, 1,500 branches, and 500 college and university partners. The Virginia Tech chapter was formed in 1926.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The American Association of University Women (AAUW) was founded in 1881. The AAUW is a non-profit organization that advocates for the advancement of girls and women through empowerment, research, and advancement. The organization has a nationwide network of 150,000 members, 1,500 branches, and 500 college and university partners. The Virginia Tech chapter was formed in 1926."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter, RG 30/5a, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter, RG 30/5a, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter was completed in July 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Records of the American Association of University Women (AAUW), Virginia Tech Chapter was completed in July 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of official records and periodicals from both the local AAUW Blacksburg Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, treasurer's records and administrative materials, membership lists, state and national convention programs, yearbooks, certificates, awards and scholarships, reports, and other materials concerning local and statewide community outreach. Current materials date from the chapter's founding in 1926 through 2008.  Series I, folder 17.A contains materials relating to the Mrs. Archie Richmond civil rights controversy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of official records and periodicals from both the local AAUW Blacksburg Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, treasurer's records and administrative materials, membership lists, state and national convention programs, yearbooks, certificates, awards and scholarships, reports, and other materials concerning local and statewide community outreach. Current materials date from the chapter's founding in 1926 through 2008.  Series I, folder 17.A contains materials relating to the Mrs. Archie Richmond civil rights controversy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4d82c2ea3f23b43e473d178754964cb4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of official records and periodicals from the AAUW, Virginia Tech Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, administrative records, state and national convention programs, awards and scholarships, publications, and other materials concerning community outreach from 1926-2008.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of official records and periodicals from the AAUW, Virginia Tech Chapter and the National AAUW including minutes, administrative records, state and national convention programs, awards and scholarships, publications, and other materials concerning community outreach from 1926-2008."],"names_coll_ssim":["American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","American Association of University Women. Blacksburg Branch (Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":171,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:31:17.692Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3080_c02_c33"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"A-B","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection","Project Drawings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection","Project Drawings"],"text":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection","Project Drawings","A-B","English .","box 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"A-B","title_ssm":["A-B"],"title_tesim":["A-B"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1961-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1961/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A-B"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":15,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"language_ssim":["English ."],"containers_ssim":["box 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2173.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Joan Wood Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1953-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1953-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.039"],"text":["Ms.2001.039","Joan Wood Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open for research.","The Joan Wood Architectural Collection is organized into two series: Biographical Information and Project Drawings. Project records are ordered alphabetically by client last name, with a few exceptions ordered by street number/address where no client name is given. Project photographs corresponding to a drawing file are stored separately with the other manuscript material.","The Joan Wood Architectural Accession is organized into the series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. The series are recorded chronologically with a project index. ","Joan Wood, née Klawans, received her Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Chicago and a Bachelor of Architecture degree from M.I.T. in 1960. Following graduation, Wood established her own firm, Joan Wood Architects, in Boston in 1962. Most of the firm's work can be found in New England and is primarily residential, with some commercial and institutional work. Joan Wood Architects is now owned by her son and has since been renamed to \"Rose-Wood Architects.\" Wood's most notable work includes: Lodging House for the Working Homeless in Dorchester, the South End Community Health Center in Boston, and the \"Ice House\" in New Hampshire. Wood was a board member and vice-chair of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Design Selection Board, an alternate on the Boston Zoning Board of Appeals, building committee member and design review committee member for numerous urban projects and institutions, and was featured in the AIA Women in Architecture traveling exhibit and Boston Society for Architecture's (BSA) Women in Architecture exhibits yearly from 1987.","The Guide to the Joan Wood Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joan Wood Architectural Collection began in July 2023 and was completed in October 2023.","See also: Box 16, folder 94, \"Many More: Women in Architecture, 1978-1988,\" Exhibit Files and Panels.  Finding aid  available online.","This collection contains personal papers and biographical materials, professional papers, office records, and project records. Personal papers include student work and thesis work. Professional papers include slides of Wood's exhibits and lectures for the AIA. Office records include color slides and portfolio sheets for Joan Wood Associates. Project records include project notes, photographic materials, paper records, and drawings organized by client name.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains a mix of biographical information, project records, and architectural drawings. Records include drawings for 112 architectural projects from the architect Joan Wood and her Boston-based firm, Joan Wood Architects, along with some notes, correspondence, and project photographs. The later addition contains paper records, photographic materials, and design records for 73 named clients in the Boston area.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wood, Joan","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.039"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Joan Wood Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wood, Joan"],"creator_ssim":["Wood, Joan"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wood, Joan"],"creators_ssim":["Wood, Joan"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Riosaria Piomelli donated one folder of biographical material in 2000. A large additional donation was made in 2011 by Joan Wood's estate."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.92 Cubic Feet 1 half-document box and 15 telescoping boxes.","9.27 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 6 oversized folders"],"extent_tesim":["7.92 Cubic Feet 1 half-document box and 15 telescoping boxes.","9.27 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 6 oversized folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Joan Wood Architectural Collection is organized into two series: Biographical Information and Project Drawings. Project records are ordered alphabetically by client last name, with a few exceptions ordered by street number/address where no client name is given. Project photographs corresponding to a drawing file are stored separately with the other manuscript material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Joan Wood Architectural Accession is organized into the series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. The series are recorded chronologically with a project index. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Joan Wood Architectural Collection is organized into two series: Biographical Information and Project Drawings. Project records are ordered alphabetically by client last name, with a few exceptions ordered by street number/address where no client name is given. Project photographs corresponding to a drawing file are stored separately with the other manuscript material.","The Joan Wood Architectural Accession is organized into the series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. The series are recorded chronologically with a project index. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoan Wood, née Klawans, received her Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Chicago and a Bachelor of Architecture degree from M.I.T. in 1960. Following graduation, Wood established her own firm, Joan Wood Architects, in Boston in 1962. Most of the firm's work can be found in New England and is primarily residential, with some commercial and institutional work. Joan Wood Architects is now owned by her son and has since been renamed to \"Rose-Wood Architects.\" Wood's most notable work includes: Lodging House for the Working Homeless in Dorchester, the South End Community Health Center in Boston, and the \"Ice House\" in New Hampshire. Wood was a board member and vice-chair of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Design Selection Board, an alternate on the Boston Zoning Board of Appeals, building committee member and design review committee member for numerous urban projects and institutions, and was featured in the AIA Women in Architecture traveling exhibit and Boston Society for Architecture's (BSA) Women in Architecture exhibits yearly from 1987.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joan Wood, née Klawans, received her Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Chicago and a Bachelor of Architecture degree from M.I.T. in 1960. Following graduation, Wood established her own firm, Joan Wood Architects, in Boston in 1962. Most of the firm's work can be found in New England and is primarily residential, with some commercial and institutional work. Joan Wood Architects is now owned by her son and has since been renamed to \"Rose-Wood Architects.\" Wood's most notable work includes: Lodging House for the Working Homeless in Dorchester, the South End Community Health Center in Boston, and the \"Ice House\" in New Hampshire. Wood was a board member and vice-chair of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Design Selection Board, an alternate on the Boston Zoning Board of Appeals, building committee member and design review committee member for numerous urban projects and institutions, and was featured in the AIA Women in Architecture traveling exhibit and Boston Society for Architecture's (BSA) Women in Architecture exhibits yearly from 1987."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Guide to the Joan Wood Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The Guide to the Joan Wood Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joan Wood Architectural Collection, Ms2001-039, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Joan Wood Architectural Collection, Ms2001-039, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Joan Wood Architectural Collection began in July 2023 and was completed in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Joan Wood Architectural Collection began in July 2023 and was completed in October 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also: Box 16, folder 94, \"Many More: Women in Architecture, 1978-1988,\" Exhibit Files and Panels. \u003cextref href=\"https://aspace.lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2124\" title=\"Finding aid\"\u003eFinding aid\u003c/extref\u003e available online.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also: Box 16, folder 94, \"Many More: Women in Architecture, 1978-1988,\" Exhibit Files and Panels.  Finding aid  available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains personal papers and biographical materials, professional papers, office records, and project records. Personal papers include student work and thesis work. Professional papers include slides of Wood's exhibits and lectures for the AIA. Office records include color slides and portfolio sheets for Joan Wood Associates. Project records include project notes, photographic materials, paper records, and drawings organized by client name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains personal papers and biographical materials, professional papers, office records, and project records. Personal papers include student work and thesis work. Professional papers include slides of Wood's exhibits and lectures for the AIA. Office records include color slides and portfolio sheets for Joan Wood Associates. Project records include project notes, photographic materials, paper records, and drawings organized by client name."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_71d26fa4571a2777c3259a1a894d1619\"\u003eThis collection contains a mix of biographical information, project records, and architectural drawings. Records include drawings for 112 architectural projects from the architect Joan Wood and her Boston-based firm, Joan Wood Architects, along with some notes, correspondence, and project photographs. The later addition contains paper records, photographic materials, and design records for 73 named clients in the Boston area.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a mix of biographical information, project records, and architectural drawings. Records include drawings for 112 architectural projects from the architect Joan Wood and her Boston-based firm, Joan Wood Architects, along with some notes, correspondence, and project photographs. The later addition contains paper records, photographic materials, and design records for 73 named clients in the Boston area."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wood, Joan"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Wood, Joan"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:37.482Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2173_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gorin, Abbye A.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Abbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2043.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gorin, Abbey A., Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-2006","1995-2006"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1995-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.009"],"text":["Ms.1997.009","Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Abbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.","Sources: ","\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564 , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","The guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011.","Books written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's  catalog .","See also the  Abbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140 , in the Historic New Orleans Collection and  Abbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive , in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. ","The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Abbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","The materials in the colletion are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creator_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creators_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1997, 2002, 2008, and 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.42 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.42 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564\u003c/a\u003e, accessed Feb. 1, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin\u003c/a\u003e, accessed Feb. 1, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.","Sources: ","\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564 , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin , accessed Feb. 1, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's \u003ca href=\"http://www.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"catalog\"\u003ecatalog\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/1/1772\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140\u003c/a\u003e, in the Historic New Orleans Collection and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.tulane.edu/repositories/8/resources/2317\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive\u003c/a\u003e, in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's  catalog .","See also the  Abbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140 , in the Historic New Orleans Collection and  Abbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive , in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb310e438d7821d101f5c82962c241d4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"persname_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the colletion are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:42.746Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2043.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gorin, Abbey A., Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-2006","1995-2006"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1995-2006"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1997.009"],"text":["Ms.1997.009","Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Abbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.","Sources: ","\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564 , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","The guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011.","Books written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's  catalog .","See also the  Abbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140 , in the Historic New Orleans Collection and  Abbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive , in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. ","The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Abbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","The materials in the colletion are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1997.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creator_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"creators_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1997, 2002, 2008, and 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.42 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.42 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAbbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564\u003c/a\u003e, accessed Feb. 1, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin\u003c/a\u003e, accessed Feb. 1, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin was born on August 22, 1927. An architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana, she graduated from the University of Texas at Austin (B.F.A., 1947), University of New Orleans (M.S., Urban Studies, 1985), and Virginia Tech (Ph.D., Environmental Design and Planning, 1989). Gorin died on August 4, 2017, and is buried in the Metaire Cemetery, New Orleans.","Sources: ","\"Abbye Gorin\" obituary, Legacy.com,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/theneworleansadvocate/name/abbye-gorin-obituary?id=10203564 , accessed Feb. 1, 2023.","\"Abbye Alexander Gorin\" entry, Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/242282933/abbye-alexander-gorin , accessed Feb. 1, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Abbey A. Gorin Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection, Ms1997-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection commenced and was completed in July 2010. An addition was integrated in March 2011."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's \u003ca href=\"http://www.lib.vt.edu/\" title=\"catalog\"\u003ecatalog\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://hnoc.minisisinc.com/thnoc/catalog/1/1772\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140\u003c/a\u003e, in the Historic New Orleans Collection and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.tulane.edu/repositories/8/resources/2317\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive\u003c/a\u003e, in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Books written by Abbye Gorin may be found by performing a author search on \"Gorin, Abbye\" in the library's  catalog .","See also the  Abbye A. Gorin Collection, 2004.0140 , in the Historic New Orleans Collection and  Abbye A. Gorin Collection,  Photograph Collection 1, Image Archive , in the the Latin American Library of Tulane University. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection consists of a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The Rivergate was an exhibition center located in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, designed by Nathaniel Curtis, Jr., in the mid-1960s. It was demolished in 1995 to make way for a gambling casino. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. The collection also includes at 42-page \"Catalog of Work\" which has a curriculum vitae of Gorin's career achievements and lists her photographic collections located in the Historical New Orleans Collection and the Latin American Library at Tulane University. Various magazines are included with articles about or written by Gorin. Audio tape of an interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued audiotapes.  In 2011, Gorin submitted a CD entitled \"Remembering Milka, 1927-2010\" a photojournalism remembrance featuring 25 of Gorin's  photographs that have a some connection to Milka Bliznakov as remembered by Gorin."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb310e438d7821d101f5c82962c241d4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAbbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Abbye A. Gorin is an architectural researcher and writer of Metairie, Louisiana. Her collection contains a six-minute film entitled \"The Rivergate, 1968-1995,\" produced by Barbara Coleman and written by Gorin and Betty Moss. The film was created as a tribute to the building and as a protest to its demolition. Also present are a 42-page \"Catalog of Work,\" various magazines with articles about or written by Gorin, an audiocassette interview with the sculptor Angela Gregory, and a DVD containing 19 reissued interviews with Abraham Guillen and Samuel Wilson, Jr."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"persname_ssim":["Gorin, Abbye A.","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the colletion are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:42.746Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2043"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Abelson-Adelman correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"text":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files","Abelson-Adelman correspondence","box 5","folder 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Abelson-Adelman correspondence","title_ssm":["Abelson-Adelman correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Abelson-Adelman correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-1949, 1980-1987, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949/1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abelson-Adelman correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":300,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"containers_ssim":["box 5","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:35.358Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:35.358Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Abortion Clinic","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"text":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records","Abortion Clinic","box 12","folder 55"],"title_filing_ssi":"Abortion Clinic","title_ssm":["Abortion Clinic"],"title_tesim":["Abortion Clinic"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abortion Clinic"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":557,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1975,1976,1977,1978],"containers_ssim":["box 12","folder 55"],"_nest_path_":"/components#556","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:22.495Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3555.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records","title_ssm":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"title_tesim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1874, 1905-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1874, 1905-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.027"],"text":["Ms.2021.027","Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records","Roanoke County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","This collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged in the original order in which it was received.","The Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine was an organization of physicians in the Roanoke Valley, Virginia, area that formed in 1905 out of two other medical societies. It provided educational opportunities, funded educational scholarships and donations to local and regional charities and non-profits, and recognized people in the medical field with awards. It also had a doctor-patient grievance resolution service and advocated for different health and safety initiatives. In 2004, the academy began Project Access to create a network of physicians to treat low-income patients at no cost. The academy ceased operations in 2019.","External sources:","Jeff Sturgeon, \"Doctors have a ball raising cash,\" Roanoke Times, January 21, 2005, p. C7, available online at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F107C7CE84D785F4A , accessed July 15, 2024.","Jeff Sturgeon, \"Filling a painful void in dental care,\" Roanoke Times,  October 11, 2006, p. B1, available online at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F114BCA1D8C151FD8 , accessed July 15, 2024.","The guide to the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records was completed in 2022.","This collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine: meeting minutes, newsletters, administrative history, organizational documents from 1905 to 2016.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine from 1905 to 2016. Records include newsletters, history, and organizational documents. The organization formed in 1905 and dissolved in 2019.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)","The materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"collection_ssim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Roanoke County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Roanoke County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"creator_ssim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"creators_ssim":["Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"places_ssim":["Roanoke County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["26.0 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["26.0 Cubic Feet 18 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in the original order in which it was received.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in the original order in which it was received."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine was an organization of physicians in the Roanoke Valley, Virginia, area that formed in 1905 out of two other medical societies. It provided educational opportunities, funded educational scholarships and donations to local and regional charities and non-profits, and recognized people in the medical field with awards. It also had a doctor-patient grievance resolution service and advocated for different health and safety initiatives. In 2004, the academy began Project Access to create a network of physicians to treat low-income patients at no cost. The academy ceased operations in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJeff Sturgeon, \"Doctors have a ball raising cash,\" Roanoke Times, January 21, 2005, p. C7, available online at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F107C7CE84D785F4A\"\u003ehttps://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F107C7CE84D785F4A\u003c/a\u003e, accessed July 15, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJeff Sturgeon, \"Filling a painful void in dental care,\" Roanoke Times,  October 11, 2006, p. B1, available online at \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F114BCA1D8C151FD8\"\u003ehttps://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026amp;rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026amp;svc_dat=AWNB\u0026amp;req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026amp;rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026amp;rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F114BCA1D8C151FD8\u003c/a\u003e, accessed July 15, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine was an organization of physicians in the Roanoke Valley, Virginia, area that formed in 1905 out of two other medical societies. It provided educational opportunities, funded educational scholarships and donations to local and regional charities and non-profits, and recognized people in the medical field with awards. It also had a doctor-patient grievance resolution service and advocated for different health and safety initiatives. In 2004, the academy began Project Access to create a network of physicians to treat low-income patients at no cost. The academy ceased operations in 2019.","External sources:","Jeff Sturgeon, \"Doctors have a ball raising cash,\" Roanoke Times, January 21, 2005, p. C7, available online at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F107C7CE84D785F4A , accessed July 15, 2024.","Jeff Sturgeon, \"Filling a painful void in dental care,\" Roanoke Times,  October 11, 2006, p. B1, available online at  https://infoweb-newsbank-com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004\u0026rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com\u0026svc_dat=AWNB\u0026req_dat=0D13EB2D702F7E0A\u0026rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx\u0026rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F114BCA1D8C151FD8 , accessed July 15, 2024."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records, 1874, 1905-2016, Ms2021-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records, 1874, 1905-2016, Ms2021-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records was completed in 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine Records was completed in 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine: meeting minutes, newsletters, administrative history, organizational documents from 1905 to 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine: meeting minutes, newsletters, administrative history, organizational documents from 1905 to 2016."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_8ee8592bf15d409ecead2b92ad9b3db8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine from 1905 to 2016. Records include newsletters, history, and organizational documents. The organization formed in 1905 and dissolved in 2019.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records from the Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine from 1905 to 2016. Records include newsletters, history, and organizational documents. The organization formed in 1905 and dissolved in 2019."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_bcebe1d0d1d416d3b83b4148c888eedf\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Roanoke Valley Academy of Medicine (?-2019)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":698,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:44:22.495Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3555_c557"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"text":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files","Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence","box 5","folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence","title_ssm":["Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964, 1982-1987, undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/1987"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Abrashian--Miscellaneous correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":298,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987],"containers_ssim":["box 5","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:35.358Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:35.358Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academic correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank J. Maher Papers","Series II. Academic Research and Instruction"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank J. Maher Papers","Series II. Academic Research and Instruction"],"text":["Frank J. Maher Papers","Series II. Academic Research and Instruction","Academic correspondence","box 2","folder 20"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academic correspondence","title_ssm":["Academic correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Academic correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1964/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":46,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 20"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:59.767Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1430.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Maher, Frank J. Papers","title_ssm":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"title_tesim":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1934-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1934-1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1986.004"],"text":["Ms.1986.004","Frank J. Maher Papers","Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Bridges","Civil engineering","Wind tunnels","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in three series: ","Series I. Testing and Consulting, 1947-1982. This series contains files relating to Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing on a number of building and bridge civil engineering projects, including several for engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, the most significant perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge. Included in the series are notes, reports, project drawings, correspondence, printed materials, and photographs. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of project or design firm. ","Series II. Academic Research and Instruction, 1934-1986. Files relating to Maher's instruction and general academic research may be found in this series. Included are a number of files relating to research on wind loads on various types of structures (domes \nand tall buildings among these), including materials from a few conferences attended by Maher. Also in the series are a few folders relating specifically to Maher's teaching career, including course and lecture background materials. A selection of Maher's articles and unpublished papers completes the series. The series is arranged by material type.","Series III. David B. Steinman, 1941-1986. Included in this series are files relating to Maher's professional relationship with Steinman, a civil engineer and designer. The series contains four letters and two Christmas cards from Steinman, other correspondence relating to him, and printed materials relating to his life and work. The series also contains a collection of published materials written by Steinman, and a folder relating to a plaque on the Virginia Tech campus honoring Steinman.The series is arranged by material type. ","Francis Joseph Maher was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 11, 1915. After obtaining a bachelor's degree in engineering at Manhattan College (1936), he attended graduate school at Virginia Polytehcnic Institute and State University. He earned a master's degree in civil engineering in 1937, and that same year joined the faculty at Virginia Tech, where he specialized in studying aerodynamics and wind loads and provided consultation for many civil engineering projects. In the course of his career, Maher received the Wine Award for teaching (1960), The Western Electric Fund Award of the American Society for Engineering Education (1965), and a place among the Outstanding Educators of America (1973). Maher married Jean Page Howard (1915-2009) in Roanoke, Virginia, on July 11, 1939; the couple had two children. Maher retired from teaching in 1978, and the College of Engineering Science continues (as of 2024) to award a student scholarship in his name.  Francis J. Maher died August 10, 1995, and was buried in Westview Cemetery, Blacksburg, Virginia. That same year, the university esbablished the Frank J. Maher Professorship in Engineering Science and Mechanics.","The guide to the Frank J. Maher Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank J. Maher Papers commenced in September, 2024, and was completed in November, 2024.","This collection contains the papers of Francis (\"Frank\") J. Maher, a professor of engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) from 1937 to 1978. The collection includes Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing files (including notes, drawings, correspondence, and printed materials) on a number of bridge and building design projects, most notable of these perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge, designed by David B. Steinman. Also among Maher's office files are files pertaining to his academic career, including general academic administrative correspondence, and to his academic research on aerodynamics and wind loads. Maher's professional relationship with engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, for whom he frequently provided testing services, is reflected in a collection of correspondence and printed materials by Steinman. The collection includes notes, drawings, correspondence, and photographs.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Papers--including writings, drawings, and correspondence--of Frank J. Maher (1915-1995), an engineer specializing in aerodynamic research and an instructor in Engineering Science and Mechanics at Virginia Tech from 1937 to 1978. Includes consulting files and wind tunnel research on various building and bridge projects; research project files on aerodynamics and wind loads; academic courses; and materials relating to engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1986.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Frank J. Maher Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"creator_ssim":["Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"creators_ssim":["Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Frank J. Maher Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1986."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Bridges","Civil engineering","Wind tunnels"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Science and Technology","University History","Bridges","Civil engineering","Wind tunnels"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in three series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Testing and Consulting, 1947-1982. This series contains files relating to Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing on a number of building and bridge civil engineering projects, including several for engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, the most significant perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge. Included in the series are notes, reports, project drawings, correspondence, printed materials, and photographs. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of project or design firm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Academic Research and Instruction, 1934-1986. Files relating to Maher's instruction and general academic research may be found in this series. Included are a number of files relating to research on wind loads on various types of structures (domes \nand tall buildings among these), including materials from a few conferences attended by Maher. Also in the series are a few folders relating specifically to Maher's teaching career, including course and lecture background materials. A selection of Maher's articles and unpublished papers completes the series. The series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. David B. Steinman, 1941-1986. Included in this series are files relating to Maher's professional relationship with Steinman, a civil engineer and designer. The series contains four letters and two Christmas cards from Steinman, other correspondence relating to him, and printed materials relating to his life and work. The series also contains a collection of published materials written by Steinman, and a folder relating to a plaque on the Virginia Tech campus honoring Steinman.The series is arranged by material type. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in three series: ","Series I. Testing and Consulting, 1947-1982. This series contains files relating to Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing on a number of building and bridge civil engineering projects, including several for engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, the most significant perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge. Included in the series are notes, reports, project drawings, correspondence, printed materials, and photographs. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of project or design firm. ","Series II. Academic Research and Instruction, 1934-1986. Files relating to Maher's instruction and general academic research may be found in this series. Included are a number of files relating to research on wind loads on various types of structures (domes \nand tall buildings among these), including materials from a few conferences attended by Maher. Also in the series are a few folders relating specifically to Maher's teaching career, including course and lecture background materials. A selection of Maher's articles and unpublished papers completes the series. The series is arranged by material type.","Series III. David B. Steinman, 1941-1986. Included in this series are files relating to Maher's professional relationship with Steinman, a civil engineer and designer. The series contains four letters and two Christmas cards from Steinman, other correspondence relating to him, and printed materials relating to his life and work. The series also contains a collection of published materials written by Steinman, and a folder relating to a plaque on the Virginia Tech campus honoring Steinman.The series is arranged by material type. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis Joseph Maher was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 11, 1915. After obtaining a bachelor's degree in engineering at Manhattan College (1936), he attended graduate school at Virginia Polytehcnic Institute and State University. He earned a master's degree in civil engineering in 1937, and that same year joined the faculty at Virginia Tech, where he specialized in studying aerodynamics and wind loads and provided consultation for many civil engineering projects. In the course of his career, Maher received the Wine Award for teaching (1960), The Western Electric Fund Award of the American Society for Engineering Education (1965), and a place among the Outstanding Educators of America (1973). Maher married Jean Page Howard (1915-2009) in Roanoke, Virginia, on July 11, 1939; the couple had two children. Maher retired from teaching in 1978, and the College of Engineering Science continues (as of 2024) to award a student scholarship in his name.  Francis J. Maher died August 10, 1995, and was buried in Westview Cemetery, Blacksburg, Virginia. That same year, the university esbablished the Frank J. Maher Professorship in Engineering Science and Mechanics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Notes"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis Joseph Maher was born in Brooklyn, New York, on June 11, 1915. After obtaining a bachelor's degree in engineering at Manhattan College (1936), he attended graduate school at Virginia Polytehcnic Institute and State University. He earned a master's degree in civil engineering in 1937, and that same year joined the faculty at Virginia Tech, where he specialized in studying aerodynamics and wind loads and provided consultation for many civil engineering projects. In the course of his career, Maher received the Wine Award for teaching (1960), The Western Electric Fund Award of the American Society for Engineering Education (1965), and a place among the Outstanding Educators of America (1973). Maher married Jean Page Howard (1915-2009) in Roanoke, Virginia, on July 11, 1939; the couple had two children. Maher retired from teaching in 1978, and the College of Engineering Science continues (as of 2024) to award a student scholarship in his name.  Francis J. Maher died August 10, 1995, and was buried in Westview Cemetery, Blacksburg, Virginia. That same year, the university esbablished the Frank J. Maher Professorship in Engineering Science and Mechanics."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Frank J. Maher Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Frank J. Maher Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Frank J. Maher Papers, Ms1986-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Frank J. Maher Papers, Ms1986-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank J. Maher Papers commenced in September, 2024, and was completed in November, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank J. Maher Papers commenced in September, 2024, and was completed in November, 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Francis (\"Frank\") J. Maher, a professor of engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) from 1937 to 1978. The collection includes Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing files (including notes, drawings, correspondence, and printed materials) on a number of bridge and building design projects, most notable of these perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge, designed by David B. Steinman. Also among Maher's office files are files pertaining to his academic career, including general academic administrative correspondence, and to his academic research on aerodynamics and wind loads. Maher's professional relationship with engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, for whom he frequently provided testing services, is reflected in a collection of correspondence and printed materials by Steinman. The collection includes notes, drawings, correspondence, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Francis (\"Frank\") J. Maher, a professor of engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) from 1937 to 1978. The collection includes Maher's consulting and wind tunnel testing files (including notes, drawings, correspondence, and printed materials) on a number of bridge and building design projects, most notable of these perhaps being the Mackinac Bridge, designed by David B. Steinman. Also among Maher's office files are files pertaining to his academic career, including general academic administrative correspondence, and to his academic research on aerodynamics and wind loads. Maher's professional relationship with engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman, for whom he frequently provided testing services, is reflected in a collection of correspondence and printed materials by Steinman. The collection includes notes, drawings, correspondence, and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4218c471a7fbba16abe97484cd53b9de\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePapers--including writings, drawings, and correspondence--of Frank J. Maher (1915-1995), an engineer specializing in aerodynamic research and an instructor in Engineering Science and Mechanics at Virginia Tech from 1937 to 1978. Includes consulting files and wind tunnel research on various building and bridge projects; research project files on aerodynamics and wind loads; academic courses; and materials relating to engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Papers--including writings, drawings, and correspondence--of Frank J. Maher (1915-1995), an engineer specializing in aerodynamic research and an instructor in Engineering Science and Mechanics at Virginia Tech from 1937 to 1978. Includes consulting files and wind tunnel research on various building and bridge projects; research project files on aerodynamics and wind loads; academic courses; and materials relating to engineer and bridge designer David B. Steinman."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_199f145f3392ca1987878aa24cdbd53e\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Maher, Frank J. (Francis Joseph), 1915-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":148,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:39:59.767Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1430_c02_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles Burchard Collection","Series IV: Publications \u0026 Reports","Subseries H: Academic Journals"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles Burchard Collection","Series IV: Publications \u0026 Reports","Subseries H: Academic Journals"],"text":["Charles Burchard Collection","Series IV: Publications \u0026 Reports","Subseries H: Academic Journals","Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)","box 14","folder 9-11"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)","title_ssm":["Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)"],"title_tesim":["Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1941-1983"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1941/1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic Journals, Single Issue (3 folders)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":503,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"containers_ssim":["box 14","folder 9-11"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#7/components#2","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:58.200Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1857.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Burchard, Charles, Collection","title_ssm":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1935-1989, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1935-1989, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.048"],"text":["Ms.1991.048","Charles Burchard Collection","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Faculty and staff","University History","Architecture (discipline)","The collection is open for research.","This collection is organized into seven series. Each series contain one or more subseries, with the exception of the artifacts, which are listed at the item level. Wherever possible, Special Collections and University Archives staff retained the folder titles created by Charles Burchard. ","Please note : there is some overlap between series and sub-series, so there may be materials on a topic/subject/person/event/etc. in more than one location in the collection. ","Series I: Professional Papers, 1935-1989, n.d. , contains ten subseries. Subseries A: Undergraduate \u0026 Graduate Work/Professorship at Harvard, 1935-1953, n.d., includes personal and professional papers relating to Burchard's undergraduate and graduate education (at MIT and Harvard University, respectively), including course work, subject/research files, photographs, drafts of his thesis, and travel notes. In addition, this subseries includes lecture notes, student work, committee service, and presentations/talks from his tenure as an instructor at Harvard University. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries B: Burchard Trail, Fulbright Fellowship, \u0026 Legal-Sized Notes, 1950-1981, n.d. (bulk, 1950-1962), primarily contains papers from Burchard's Fulbright Fellowship in London in 1950-1951—travel documents, notes, and materials on the Architectural Association, School of Architecture, London. In addition, there are items on what Burchard called the \"Burchard Trail\" from the early 1960s, some undated notes and legal pads, and readings and project ideas. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.","Subseries C: A. M. Kinney Firm: Architectural Projects, 1960-1979, n.d., consists of papers, correspondence, small drawings, and other documentation on specific project Burchard worked on while with the A. M. Kinney Firm. Most, but not all projects, were completed in Ohio. In addition, this subseries contains materials for a variety of unnamed projects, described in general terms. This subseries is organized in alphabetical order by project title (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name), with the unnamed projects at the end.","Subseries D: A. M. Kinney Firm: Office Documents and Memos, 1954-1964, n.d., includes professional papers created during Burchard's tenure with A. M. Kinney Firm in Ohio. In addition to inter-office notes, there are research and reference materials, project books, and records of his career with the firm. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Professional, 1936-1961, n.d., contains professional correspondence relating to architecture projects, writings by Burchard, and professional colleagues. It also includes materials relating to project files (preliminary studies, sketches, technical drawings, and some of his student work from graduate school. This subseries is arranged in chronological order. ","Subseries F: Papers \u0026 Talks, 1940-1984, n.d., consists of drafts and final copies of published and unpublished talks, papers, and presentations given by Burchard. This subseries is divided into two sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: By Date (if the materials were dated or could be dated based on information about Burchard) and Sub-subseries 2: By Title (if the materials were not clearly dated and dates could not be inferred). Sub-subseries 1: By Date is arranged in chronological order. Sub-subseries 2: By Title is arranged alphabetically by title. ","Subseries G: Articles and Newspaper Clippings, contains four folders of articles and newspaper clippings and articles about Charles Burchard collected from various sources. (See also Series IV, Publications \u0026 Reports, Subseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026 Tear Sheets for similar materials). This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries H: Professional Memberships \u0026 Organizations, 1959-1989, includes Burchard's files relating to professional organizations in which he held membership and leadership roles. This subseries is primarily organized into three sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: Alpha Rho Chi (APX), Sub-subseries 2: the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and Sub-subseries 3: The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). In addition, there are a few folders relating to other organizations outside and within Virginia Tech. This subseries is arranged in chronological order within each sub-subseries.","Subseries I: Architectural Plans \u0026 Drawings, 1940-c.1968, contains drawings, sketches, blueprints, plans, and some photographs and boards relating to professional projects on which Burchard worked. This series primarily represents work done while Burchard was an associate of A. M. Kinney in Ohio, but also includes projects completed later in his career, like his residence in Blacksburg. This subseries is in alphabetical order by project name (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name). ","Subseries J: Certificates, 1938-1960, n.d., includes documentation of architecture and other professional certifications, as well as degrees (BA and MA) and recognitions from Virginia Tech. Items are organized into two sub-groups: architecture-related and degrees \u0026 promotions. Within each sub-group, materials are in chronological order. ","Series II: College of Architecture, Program \u0026 Curriculum, 1959-1987, n.d. , consists of five subseries. Subseries A: Proposals \u0026 Studies, 1961-1980, includes proposals for majors, courses, and departments added to the College of Architecture during Burchard's tenure, as well as materials relating to a new building request in the early 1960s. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries B: VPI College of Architecture Self Studies \u0026 NAAB Accreditation Materials, 1959-1980, consists of materials collected for and using in the course of college self-studies, for long-range college planning, and for accreditation by the National Architectural Accrediting Board. This subseries is in chronological order. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Brochures, Booklets, \u0026 Student Work, 1965-1982, n.d., includes works and project created by students of Burchard (models, negatives, photographs), booklets and pamphlets about the programs in the college (as well as resources used to generate booklets), and items relating to the construction and dedication of Cowgill Hall. ","Subseries D: General Curriculum Materials, 1964-1980, contains notes, statistics about the college, documentation on the early 1970s reorganization, information on degree programs and courses, and programs abroad. This subseries is organized alphabetically by folder title (subject). ","Subseries E: Administrative Materials, 1959-1987, consists of papers and files relating to the day-to-day and managerial aspects of the College of Architecture. This includes administrative correspondence, notes from committee meetings, files and programs from events, newspaper clippings, and recommendation letters. This subseries is organized into sub-groups by type of material. Within each sub-group, folders are in chronological order.","Series III: Studies \u0026 Proposals, 1967-1984, n.d. , includes three subseries. Subseries A: Student \u0026 Faculty Studies \u0026 Proposals, 1977-1982, n.d., includes reports, proposals, and studies with which Burchard was involved as a participant, consultant, or had some oversight as a professor. This subseries is in alphabetical order by folder title. ","Subseries B: Pre-Planning \u0026 Preliminary Reports, 1976-1982, includes material surrounding the general campus planning discussions at VPI at the time, as well as documents relating to specific locations and buildings. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Grant Applications, 1967-1984, consists of papers and files relating to research and applications for grants in which Burchard was involved. This subseries is in chronological order.","Series IV: Publications \u0026 Reports, 1938-1987, n.d. , contains nine subseries. Subseries A: Publications about Schools/School Buildings, 1941-1969, includes materials collected by Burchard as research for designs. Burchard designed several schools while working for the A. M. Kinney during this time. Folders in this subseries are in alphabetical order by title. ","Subseries B: Government Publications, 1969-1980, consists of two folders of United States government publications relating to architecture and design. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Reports \u0026 Design, Education \u0026 the Architecture Profession, 1966-1978, includes several catalogs from learning institutions, as well as multiple folders of reprints, reports, individual articles, and single issues of publications. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries D: Building Design \u0026 City Planning, 1968-1987, includes publications relating to aspects of design, urban planning, city planning, and landscape design. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries E: Virginia Tech Publications, 1964-1980, contains published reports, journals, and other items produced by the College of Architecture and the university at large. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries F: Conferences \u0026 Seminars, consists of programs, conference proceedings, and other materials produced as a result of conferences, seminars, and other professional events. This subseries is in \nchronological order. ","Subseries G: Popular/Commercial Periodicals, 1938-1979, includes single articles, usually removed from popular magazines, relating to aspects of architecture and design. In addition, there are a few full issues of architectural journals and popular magazines. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries H: Academic Journals, 1940-1989, n.d., contains single issues and runs of academic journals in the architecture field. Some include notes, marginalia, or other markings by Burchard. In addition, there are publications that specifically contain articles by Burchard or about him, and there is one folder of award excerpts removed from publications. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. ","Subseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026 Tear Sheets, 1938-1983, has individual articles removed from periodicals, newspaper articles, and collections of clippings on architects (Burchard included) or architecture topics. Some materials contain marginalia and notes by Burchard. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.","Series V: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d. , contains four subseries. Subseries A: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d., consists of subject files, research files, and personal documents. Materials in this subseries are organized into sub-subseries by use/type of document (educational/professional, family/personal, financial, photographs, and travel). Each sub-subseries is arranged in chronological order.","Subseries B: General Correspondence, 1939-1989, includes a group of Burchard's correspondence with family, friends, and professional colleagues (Sub-subseries 1: General Correspondence), as well as a group of correspondence kept by topic (Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic). Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic contains letters to and from organizations, clients, publishers, and other university administrators. Sub-series are arranged in alphabetical order by title. Materials in each sub-subseries are arranged in chronological order. ","Subseries C: Correspondence with Individuals, 1939-1989, consists of letters between Burchard and a specific correspondent OR between Burchard and others about a specific person/project. This subseries often includes materials surrounding well-known architects or firms, especially the work of Walter Gropius. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the correspondent/subject.","Subseries D: Certificates, 19271971, contains baptism and confirmation certificates from Charles Burchard, as well as honorary and fraternity related certificates and awards. This subseries is in chronological order.","Series VI: Multimedia \u0026 Audio/Visual, 1941-1985, n.d. , consists of three subseries. Subseries A: Slides, 1951-1985, n.d., contains personal images from 1973 and 1974; slides used by Burchard in his teaching; images of student and professional projects; extensive slides from professional travel in Europe and Mexico. This subseries also contains three boxes of glass plate negatives and lantern slides which include travel images, professional research, and student projects. This subseries is arranged into sub-subseries based on original use and format. ","Subseries B: Oversize Materials, 1941, c.1950s, includes a painting owned by Burchard and a set of \nboards with photographs from various architecture projects. This series is arranged by material type. ","Subseries C: Videotapes \u0026 Audio Cassettes, 1977, 1980, n.d., consists of a ½\" reel video of a lecture by Burchard, three UCA videocassettes with lectures from the 1980 Burchard Symposium, and several microcassette recordings. This subseries is arranged by material type. ","Series VII: Artifacts, 1971-1985, n.d. , contains a collection of small objects, including medals awarded to Burchard by professional organizations, items from his professional career, and some small artifacts relating to the history of the College of Architecture. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by item title/description.","Charles H. Burchard (1913-1990) was the founding dean of Virginia Tech's College of Architecture and Urban Studies. During Charles Burchard's 14-year tenure as dean from 1965 to 1979, he transformed the Department of Architecture into one of the nation's top colleges. When a new addition was added to the existing architecture building it was called the Charles Burchard Hall.","In 1965, then-President T. Marshall Hahn recruited Burchard to come to Virginia Tech as part of Hahn's sweeping initiative to transform Virginia Tech from a technical institute to a major comprehensive university. As dean of architecture, Burchard enlisted an imaginative and innovative faculty, installed a new five-year undergraduate program and restructured the master of architecture program. He complemented those programs with bachelor's and master's programs in urban affairs and landscape architecture, a doctoral program in environmental design and planning, and a study-abroad program in Switzerland. \n \nFor building what became a model for architectural schools around the country, he was designated a University Distinguished Professor in 1966 and later received the University Distinguished Achievement Award in 1985. Upon his retirement, he was bestowed the honored title of dean emeritus. \n \nAfter gaining national prominence as an innovative leader in architectural education, Burchard was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1970. In 1983, he was presented the Award for Excellence in Architectural Education, the joint award of the AIA and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). \n \nBurchard, a prolific writer, outlined his concepts of architectural education in numerous professional journal articles, monologues, and in papers delivered in many professional conferences throughout the world. \n \nHe became active nationally as a director of the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB), president of the ACSA, and chairman of NAAB evaluation teams visiting various campuses across the country. \n \nBurchard earned his bachelor's in architecture from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. At the Harvard School of Design, he studied under world-renowned architect Walter Gropius and received his master's degree in 1940. \n \nBurchard was 75 when he died in 1990.","This note was written by Julie Kane for the College of Architecture and Urban Studies.","The guide to the Charles Burchard Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Some description of the collection was completed in 1991 and in the early 2000s. The majority of the arrangement and description took place between 2015 and 2017.","See also the  Named/Individual Photograph Collections, Photographs.002 , and  Faculty/Staff Photograph Collection, Photographs.003 , both of which contain several photographs of Charles Burchard and are maintained by VT Special Collections and University Archives.","The Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989. \n \nThe collection is organized into seven series, based on the type and format of materials: Professional Papers; College of Architecture, Program \u0026 Curriculum; Studies \u0026 Proposals; Publications \u0026 Reports; Personal Papers; Multimedia \u0026 Audio/Visual; and Artifacts. Most series contain multiple sub-series and in some cases, there is overlap between series or sub-series, but during processing, Special Collections and University Archives staff attempted to retain the original organization of the creator wherever possible.","The following books were removed and cataloged for the Special Collections and University Archives Rare Book Collection:","Architectural Registration Handbook: A Test Guide for Professional Exam Candidates . Washington, DC: National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, 1973. Bacon, Edmond N.  Design of Cities . Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1976. Le Musee Picasso de Barcelone . Leon, Spain: Editorial Everest, 1975. Patracos, Basil Chr.  Delphi . Athens, Greece: 1971. Prigogine, I.  Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature . Boulder, CO : New Science Library : Distributed by Random House, 1984. Sharp. Thomas.  The Anatomy of the Village . Harmondsworth, Middlesex [Eng.] Penguin Books, 1946. A Tribute to William Emerson . Meriden, CT: Meriden Gravurte Company, 1958?","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990","Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.048"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Burchard Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990"],"creator_ssim":["Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990"],"creators_ssim":["Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The first group of materials in the Charles Burchard Collection were donated in 1991. The bulk of the collection was received in 2002, with additional materials transferred from the Art \u0026 Architecture Library in 2007, 2016, and 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","Faculty and staff","University History","Architecture (discipline)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architecture -- Study and teaching","Faculty and staff","University History","Architecture (discipline)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["36.9 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 9 folders"],"extent_tesim":["36.9 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 9 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architecture (discipline)"],"date_range_isim":[1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is organized into seven series. Each series contain one or more subseries, with the exception of the artifacts, which are listed at the item level. Wherever possible, Special Collections and University Archives staff retained the folder titles created by Charles Burchard. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note\u003c/emph\u003e: there is some overlap between series and sub-series, so there may be materials on a topic/subject/person/event/etc. in more than one location in the collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Professional Papers, 1935-1989, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, contains ten subseries. Subseries A: Undergraduate \u0026amp; Graduate Work/Professorship at Harvard, 1935-1953, n.d., includes personal and professional papers relating to Burchard's undergraduate and graduate education (at MIT and Harvard University, respectively), including course work, subject/research files, photographs, drafts of his thesis, and travel notes. In addition, this subseries includes lecture notes, student work, committee service, and presentations/talks from his tenure as an instructor at Harvard University. This subseries is in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Burchard Trail, Fulbright Fellowship, \u0026amp; Legal-Sized Notes, 1950-1981, n.d. (bulk, 1950-1962), primarily contains papers from Burchard's Fulbright Fellowship in London in 1950-1951—travel documents, notes, and materials on the Architectural Association, School of Architecture, London. In addition, there are items on what Burchard called the \"Burchard Trail\" from the early 1960s, some undated notes and legal pads, and readings and project ideas. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: A. M. Kinney Firm: Architectural Projects, 1960-1979, n.d., consists of papers, correspondence, small drawings, and other documentation on specific project Burchard worked on while with the A. M. Kinney Firm. Most, but not all projects, were completed in Ohio. In addition, this subseries contains materials for a variety of unnamed projects, described in general terms. This subseries is organized in alphabetical order by project title (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name), with the unnamed projects at the end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: A. M. Kinney Firm: Office Documents and Memos, 1954-1964, n.d., includes professional papers created during Burchard's tenure with A. M. Kinney Firm in Ohio. In addition to inter-office notes, there are research and reference materials, project books, and records of his career with the firm. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Miscellaneous Professional, 1936-1961, n.d., contains professional correspondence relating to architecture projects, writings by Burchard, and professional colleagues. It also includes materials relating to project files (preliminary studies, sketches, technical drawings, and some of his student work from graduate school. This subseries is arranged in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Papers \u0026amp; Talks, 1940-1984, n.d., consists of drafts and final copies of published and unpublished talks, papers, and presentations given by Burchard. This subseries is divided into two sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: By Date (if the materials were dated or could be dated based on information about Burchard) and Sub-subseries 2: By Title (if the materials were not clearly dated and dates could not be inferred). Sub-subseries 1: By Date is arranged in chronological order. Sub-subseries 2: By Title is arranged alphabetically by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries G: Articles and Newspaper Clippings, contains four folders of articles and newspaper clippings and articles about Charles Burchard collected from various sources. (See also Series IV, Publications \u0026amp; Reports, Subseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026amp; Tear Sheets for similar materials). This subseries is in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries H: Professional Memberships \u0026amp; Organizations, 1959-1989, includes Burchard's files relating to professional organizations in which he held membership and leadership roles. This subseries is primarily organized into three sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: Alpha Rho Chi (APX), Sub-subseries 2: the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and Sub-subseries 3: The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). In addition, there are a few folders relating to other organizations outside and within Virginia Tech. This subseries is arranged in chronological order within each sub-subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries I: Architectural Plans \u0026amp; Drawings, 1940-c.1968, contains drawings, sketches, blueprints, plans, and some photographs and boards relating to professional projects on which Burchard worked. This series primarily represents work done while Burchard was an associate of A. M. Kinney in Ohio, but also includes projects completed later in his career, like his residence in Blacksburg. This subseries is in alphabetical order by project name (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries J: Certificates, 1938-1960, n.d., includes documentation of architecture and other professional certifications, as well as degrees (BA and MA) and recognitions from Virginia Tech. Items are organized into two sub-groups: architecture-related and degrees \u0026amp; promotions. Within each sub-group, materials are in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: College of Architecture, Program \u0026amp; Curriculum, 1959-1987, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, consists of five subseries. Subseries A: Proposals \u0026amp; Studies, 1961-1980, includes proposals for majors, courses, and departments added to the College of Architecture during Burchard's tenure, as well as materials relating to a new building request in the early 1960s. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: VPI College of Architecture Self Studies \u0026amp; NAAB Accreditation Materials, 1959-1980, consists of materials collected for and using in the course of college self-studies, for long-range college planning, and for accreditation by the National Architectural Accrediting Board. This subseries is in chronological order. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Brochures, Booklets, \u0026amp; Student Work, 1965-1982, n.d., includes works and project created by students of Burchard (models, negatives, photographs), booklets and pamphlets about the programs in the college (as well as resources used to generate booklets), and items relating to the construction and dedication of Cowgill Hall. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: General Curriculum Materials, 1964-1980, contains notes, statistics about the college, documentation on the early 1970s reorganization, information on degree programs and courses, and programs abroad. This subseries is organized alphabetically by folder title (subject). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Administrative Materials, 1959-1987, consists of papers and files relating to the day-to-day and managerial aspects of the College of Architecture. This includes administrative correspondence, notes from committee meetings, files and programs from events, newspaper clippings, and recommendation letters. This subseries is organized into sub-groups by type of material. Within each sub-group, folders are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Studies \u0026amp; Proposals, 1967-1984, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, includes three subseries. Subseries A: Student \u0026amp; Faculty Studies \u0026amp; Proposals, 1977-1982, n.d., includes reports, proposals, and studies with which Burchard was involved as a participant, consultant, or had some oversight as a professor. This subseries is in alphabetical order by folder title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Pre-Planning \u0026amp; Preliminary Reports, 1976-1982, includes material surrounding the general campus planning discussions at VPI at the time, as well as documents relating to specific locations and buildings. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Grant Applications, 1967-1984, consists of papers and files relating to research and applications for grants in which Burchard was involved. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Publications \u0026amp; Reports, 1938-1987, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, contains nine subseries. Subseries A: Publications about Schools/School Buildings, 1941-1969, includes materials collected by Burchard as research for designs. Burchard designed several schools while working for the A. M. Kinney during this time. Folders in this subseries are in alphabetical order by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Government Publications, 1969-1980, consists of two folders of United States government publications relating to architecture and design. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Reports \u0026amp; Design, Education \u0026amp; the Architecture Profession, 1966-1978, includes several catalogs from learning institutions, as well as multiple folders of reprints, reports, individual articles, and single issues of publications. This subseries is in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Building Design \u0026amp; City Planning, 1968-1987, includes publications relating to aspects of design, urban planning, city planning, and landscape design. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries E: Virginia Tech Publications, 1964-1980, contains published reports, journals, and other items produced by the College of Architecture and the university at large. This subseries is in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries F: Conferences \u0026amp; Seminars, consists of programs, conference proceedings, and other materials produced as a result of conferences, seminars, and other professional events. This subseries is in \nchronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries G: Popular/Commercial Periodicals, 1938-1979, includes single articles, usually removed from popular magazines, relating to aspects of architecture and design. In addition, there are a few full issues of architectural journals and popular magazines. This subseries is in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries H: Academic Journals, 1940-1989, n.d., contains single issues and runs of academic journals in the architecture field. Some include notes, marginalia, or other markings by Burchard. In addition, there are publications that specifically contain articles by Burchard or about him, and there is one folder of award excerpts removed from publications. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026amp; Tear Sheets, 1938-1983, has individual articles removed from periodicals, newspaper articles, and collections of clippings on architects (Burchard included) or architecture topics. Some materials contain marginalia and notes by Burchard. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, contains four subseries. Subseries A: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d., consists of subject files, research files, and personal documents. Materials in this subseries are organized into sub-subseries by use/type of document (educational/professional, family/personal, financial, photographs, and travel). Each sub-subseries is arranged in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: General Correspondence, 1939-1989, includes a group of Burchard's correspondence with family, friends, and professional colleagues (Sub-subseries 1: General Correspondence), as well as a group of correspondence kept by topic (Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic). Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic contains letters to and from organizations, clients, publishers, and other university administrators. Sub-series are arranged in alphabetical order by title. Materials in each sub-subseries are arranged in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Correspondence with Individuals, 1939-1989, consists of letters between Burchard and a specific correspondent OR between Burchard and others about a specific person/project. This subseries often includes materials surrounding well-known architects or firms, especially the work of Walter Gropius. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the correspondent/subject.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries D: Certificates, 19271971, contains baptism and confirmation certificates from Charles Burchard, as well as honorary and fraternity related certificates and awards. This subseries is in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VI: Multimedia \u0026amp; Audio/Visual, 1941-1985, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, consists of three subseries. Subseries A: Slides, 1951-1985, n.d., contains personal images from 1973 and 1974; slides used by Burchard in his teaching; images of student and professional projects; extensive slides from professional travel in Europe and Mexico. This subseries also contains three boxes of glass plate negatives and lantern slides which include travel images, professional research, and student projects. This subseries is arranged into sub-subseries based on original use and format. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries B: Oversize Materials, 1941, c.1950s, includes a painting owned by Burchard and a set of \nboards with photographs from various architecture projects. This series is arranged by material type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries C: Videotapes \u0026amp; Audio Cassettes, 1977, 1980, n.d., consists of a ½\" reel video of a lecture by Burchard, three UCA videocassettes with lectures from the 1980 Burchard Symposium, and several microcassette recordings. This subseries is arranged by material type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII: Artifacts, 1971-1985, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e, contains a collection of small objects, including medals awarded to Burchard by professional organizations, items from his professional career, and some small artifacts relating to the history of the College of Architecture. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by item title/description.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is organized into seven series. Each series contain one or more subseries, with the exception of the artifacts, which are listed at the item level. Wherever possible, Special Collections and University Archives staff retained the folder titles created by Charles Burchard. ","Please note : there is some overlap between series and sub-series, so there may be materials on a topic/subject/person/event/etc. in more than one location in the collection. ","Series I: Professional Papers, 1935-1989, n.d. , contains ten subseries. Subseries A: Undergraduate \u0026 Graduate Work/Professorship at Harvard, 1935-1953, n.d., includes personal and professional papers relating to Burchard's undergraduate and graduate education (at MIT and Harvard University, respectively), including course work, subject/research files, photographs, drafts of his thesis, and travel notes. In addition, this subseries includes lecture notes, student work, committee service, and presentations/talks from his tenure as an instructor at Harvard University. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries B: Burchard Trail, Fulbright Fellowship, \u0026 Legal-Sized Notes, 1950-1981, n.d. (bulk, 1950-1962), primarily contains papers from Burchard's Fulbright Fellowship in London in 1950-1951—travel documents, notes, and materials on the Architectural Association, School of Architecture, London. In addition, there are items on what Burchard called the \"Burchard Trail\" from the early 1960s, some undated notes and legal pads, and readings and project ideas. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.","Subseries C: A. M. Kinney Firm: Architectural Projects, 1960-1979, n.d., consists of papers, correspondence, small drawings, and other documentation on specific project Burchard worked on while with the A. M. Kinney Firm. Most, but not all projects, were completed in Ohio. In addition, this subseries contains materials for a variety of unnamed projects, described in general terms. This subseries is organized in alphabetical order by project title (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name), with the unnamed projects at the end.","Subseries D: A. M. Kinney Firm: Office Documents and Memos, 1954-1964, n.d., includes professional papers created during Burchard's tenure with A. M. Kinney Firm in Ohio. In addition to inter-office notes, there are research and reference materials, project books, and records of his career with the firm. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. ","Subseries E: Miscellaneous Professional, 1936-1961, n.d., contains professional correspondence relating to architecture projects, writings by Burchard, and professional colleagues. It also includes materials relating to project files (preliminary studies, sketches, technical drawings, and some of his student work from graduate school. This subseries is arranged in chronological order. ","Subseries F: Papers \u0026 Talks, 1940-1984, n.d., consists of drafts and final copies of published and unpublished talks, papers, and presentations given by Burchard. This subseries is divided into two sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: By Date (if the materials were dated or could be dated based on information about Burchard) and Sub-subseries 2: By Title (if the materials were not clearly dated and dates could not be inferred). Sub-subseries 1: By Date is arranged in chronological order. Sub-subseries 2: By Title is arranged alphabetically by title. ","Subseries G: Articles and Newspaper Clippings, contains four folders of articles and newspaper clippings and articles about Charles Burchard collected from various sources. (See also Series IV, Publications \u0026 Reports, Subseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026 Tear Sheets for similar materials). This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries H: Professional Memberships \u0026 Organizations, 1959-1989, includes Burchard's files relating to professional organizations in which he held membership and leadership roles. This subseries is primarily organized into three sub-subseries: Sub-subseries 1: Alpha Rho Chi (APX), Sub-subseries 2: the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and Sub-subseries 3: The Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). In addition, there are a few folders relating to other organizations outside and within Virginia Tech. This subseries is arranged in chronological order within each sub-subseries.","Subseries I: Architectural Plans \u0026 Drawings, 1940-c.1968, contains drawings, sketches, blueprints, plans, and some photographs and boards relating to professional projects on which Burchard worked. This series primarily represents work done while Burchard was an associate of A. M. Kinney in Ohio, but also includes projects completed later in his career, like his residence in Blacksburg. This subseries is in alphabetical order by project name (for private residences, projects are sorted by last name). ","Subseries J: Certificates, 1938-1960, n.d., includes documentation of architecture and other professional certifications, as well as degrees (BA and MA) and recognitions from Virginia Tech. Items are organized into two sub-groups: architecture-related and degrees \u0026 promotions. Within each sub-group, materials are in chronological order. ","Series II: College of Architecture, Program \u0026 Curriculum, 1959-1987, n.d. , consists of five subseries. Subseries A: Proposals \u0026 Studies, 1961-1980, includes proposals for majors, courses, and departments added to the College of Architecture during Burchard's tenure, as well as materials relating to a new building request in the early 1960s. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries B: VPI College of Architecture Self Studies \u0026 NAAB Accreditation Materials, 1959-1980, consists of materials collected for and using in the course of college self-studies, for long-range college planning, and for accreditation by the National Architectural Accrediting Board. This subseries is in chronological order. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Brochures, Booklets, \u0026 Student Work, 1965-1982, n.d., includes works and project created by students of Burchard (models, negatives, photographs), booklets and pamphlets about the programs in the college (as well as resources used to generate booklets), and items relating to the construction and dedication of Cowgill Hall. ","Subseries D: General Curriculum Materials, 1964-1980, contains notes, statistics about the college, documentation on the early 1970s reorganization, information on degree programs and courses, and programs abroad. This subseries is organized alphabetically by folder title (subject). ","Subseries E: Administrative Materials, 1959-1987, consists of papers and files relating to the day-to-day and managerial aspects of the College of Architecture. This includes administrative correspondence, notes from committee meetings, files and programs from events, newspaper clippings, and recommendation letters. This subseries is organized into sub-groups by type of material. Within each sub-group, folders are in chronological order.","Series III: Studies \u0026 Proposals, 1967-1984, n.d. , includes three subseries. Subseries A: Student \u0026 Faculty Studies \u0026 Proposals, 1977-1982, n.d., includes reports, proposals, and studies with which Burchard was involved as a participant, consultant, or had some oversight as a professor. This subseries is in alphabetical order by folder title. ","Subseries B: Pre-Planning \u0026 Preliminary Reports, 1976-1982, includes material surrounding the general campus planning discussions at VPI at the time, as well as documents relating to specific locations and buildings. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Grant Applications, 1967-1984, consists of papers and files relating to research and applications for grants in which Burchard was involved. This subseries is in chronological order.","Series IV: Publications \u0026 Reports, 1938-1987, n.d. , contains nine subseries. Subseries A: Publications about Schools/School Buildings, 1941-1969, includes materials collected by Burchard as research for designs. Burchard designed several schools while working for the A. M. Kinney during this time. Folders in this subseries are in alphabetical order by title. ","Subseries B: Government Publications, 1969-1980, consists of two folders of United States government publications relating to architecture and design. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries C: Reports \u0026 Design, Education \u0026 the Architecture Profession, 1966-1978, includes several catalogs from learning institutions, as well as multiple folders of reprints, reports, individual articles, and single issues of publications. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries D: Building Design \u0026 City Planning, 1968-1987, includes publications relating to aspects of design, urban planning, city planning, and landscape design. This subseries is in chronological order.","Subseries E: Virginia Tech Publications, 1964-1980, contains published reports, journals, and other items produced by the College of Architecture and the university at large. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries F: Conferences \u0026 Seminars, consists of programs, conference proceedings, and other materials produced as a result of conferences, seminars, and other professional events. This subseries is in \nchronological order. ","Subseries G: Popular/Commercial Periodicals, 1938-1979, includes single articles, usually removed from popular magazines, relating to aspects of architecture and design. In addition, there are a few full issues of architectural journals and popular magazines. This subseries is in chronological order. ","Subseries H: Academic Journals, 1940-1989, n.d., contains single issues and runs of academic journals in the architecture field. Some include notes, marginalia, or other markings by Burchard. In addition, there are publications that specifically contain articles by Burchard or about him, and there is one folder of award excerpts removed from publications. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end. ","Subseries I: Newspapers, Clippings, \u0026 Tear Sheets, 1938-1983, has individual articles removed from periodicals, newspaper articles, and collections of clippings on architects (Burchard included) or architecture topics. Some materials contain marginalia and notes by Burchard. This subseries is in chronological order with undated materials at the end.","Series V: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d. , contains four subseries. Subseries A: Personal Papers, 1935-1989, n.d., consists of subject files, research files, and personal documents. Materials in this subseries are organized into sub-subseries by use/type of document (educational/professional, family/personal, financial, photographs, and travel). Each sub-subseries is arranged in chronological order.","Subseries B: General Correspondence, 1939-1989, includes a group of Burchard's correspondence with family, friends, and professional colleagues (Sub-subseries 1: General Correspondence), as well as a group of correspondence kept by topic (Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic). Sub-subseries 2: Correspondence by Topic contains letters to and from organizations, clients, publishers, and other university administrators. Sub-series are arranged in alphabetical order by title. Materials in each sub-subseries are arranged in chronological order. ","Subseries C: Correspondence with Individuals, 1939-1989, consists of letters between Burchard and a specific correspondent OR between Burchard and others about a specific person/project. This subseries often includes materials surrounding well-known architects or firms, especially the work of Walter Gropius. Materials in this subseries are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the correspondent/subject.","Subseries D: Certificates, 19271971, contains baptism and confirmation certificates from Charles Burchard, as well as honorary and fraternity related certificates and awards. This subseries is in chronological order.","Series VI: Multimedia \u0026 Audio/Visual, 1941-1985, n.d. , consists of three subseries. Subseries A: Slides, 1951-1985, n.d., contains personal images from 1973 and 1974; slides used by Burchard in his teaching; images of student and professional projects; extensive slides from professional travel in Europe and Mexico. This subseries also contains three boxes of glass plate negatives and lantern slides which include travel images, professional research, and student projects. This subseries is arranged into sub-subseries based on original use and format. ","Subseries B: Oversize Materials, 1941, c.1950s, includes a painting owned by Burchard and a set of \nboards with photographs from various architecture projects. This series is arranged by material type. ","Subseries C: Videotapes \u0026 Audio Cassettes, 1977, 1980, n.d., consists of a ½\" reel video of a lecture by Burchard, three UCA videocassettes with lectures from the 1980 Burchard Symposium, and several microcassette recordings. This subseries is arranged by material type. ","Series VII: Artifacts, 1971-1985, n.d. , contains a collection of small objects, including medals awarded to Burchard by professional organizations, items from his professional career, and some small artifacts relating to the history of the College of Architecture. This series is arranged in alphabetical order by item title/description."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles H. Burchard (1913-1990) was the founding dean of Virginia Tech's College of Architecture and Urban Studies. During Charles Burchard's 14-year tenure as dean from 1965 to 1979, he transformed the Department of Architecture into one of the nation's top colleges. When a new addition was added to the existing architecture building it was called the Charles Burchard Hall.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1965, then-President T. Marshall Hahn recruited Burchard to come to Virginia Tech as part of Hahn's sweeping initiative to transform Virginia Tech from a technical institute to a major comprehensive university. As dean of architecture, Burchard enlisted an imaginative and innovative faculty, installed a new five-year undergraduate program and restructured the master of architecture program. He complemented those programs with bachelor's and master's programs in urban affairs and landscape architecture, a doctoral program in environmental design and planning, and a study-abroad program in Switzerland. \n \nFor building what became a model for architectural schools around the country, he was designated a University Distinguished Professor in 1966 and later received the University Distinguished Achievement Award in 1985. Upon his retirement, he was bestowed the honored title of dean emeritus. \n \nAfter gaining national prominence as an innovative leader in architectural education, Burchard was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1970. In 1983, he was presented the Award for Excellence in Architectural Education, the joint award of the AIA and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). \n \nBurchard, a prolific writer, outlined his concepts of architectural education in numerous professional journal articles, monologues, and in papers delivered in many professional conferences throughout the world. \n \nHe became active nationally as a director of the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB), president of the ACSA, and chairman of NAAB evaluation teams visiting various campuses across the country. \n \nBurchard earned his bachelor's in architecture from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. At the Harvard School of Design, he studied under world-renowned architect Walter Gropius and received his master's degree in 1940. \n \nBurchard was 75 when he died in 1990.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis note was written by Julie Kane for the College of Architecture and Urban Studies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles H. Burchard (1913-1990) was the founding dean of Virginia Tech's College of Architecture and Urban Studies. During Charles Burchard's 14-year tenure as dean from 1965 to 1979, he transformed the Department of Architecture into one of the nation's top colleges. When a new addition was added to the existing architecture building it was called the Charles Burchard Hall.","In 1965, then-President T. Marshall Hahn recruited Burchard to come to Virginia Tech as part of Hahn's sweeping initiative to transform Virginia Tech from a technical institute to a major comprehensive university. As dean of architecture, Burchard enlisted an imaginative and innovative faculty, installed a new five-year undergraduate program and restructured the master of architecture program. He complemented those programs with bachelor's and master's programs in urban affairs and landscape architecture, a doctoral program in environmental design and planning, and a study-abroad program in Switzerland. \n \nFor building what became a model for architectural schools around the country, he was designated a University Distinguished Professor in 1966 and later received the University Distinguished Achievement Award in 1985. Upon his retirement, he was bestowed the honored title of dean emeritus. \n \nAfter gaining national prominence as an innovative leader in architectural education, Burchard was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1970. In 1983, he was presented the Award for Excellence in Architectural Education, the joint award of the AIA and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA). \n \nBurchard, a prolific writer, outlined his concepts of architectural education in numerous professional journal articles, monologues, and in papers delivered in many professional conferences throughout the world. \n \nHe became active nationally as a director of the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB), president of the ACSA, and chairman of NAAB evaluation teams visiting various campuses across the country. \n \nBurchard earned his bachelor's in architecture from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. At the Harvard School of Design, he studied under world-renowned architect Walter Gropius and received his master's degree in 1940. \n \nBurchard was 75 when he died in 1990.","This note was written by Julie Kane for the College of Architecture and Urban Studies."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles Burchard Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles Burchard Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Burchard Collection, Ms1991-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Burchard Collection, Ms1991-048, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome description of the collection was completed in 1991 and in the early 2000s. The majority of the arrangement and description took place between 2015 and 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Some description of the collection was completed in 1991 and in the early 2000s. The majority of the arrangement and description took place between 2015 and 2017."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3024.oai_ead.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eNamed/Individual Photograph Collections, Photographs.002\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3025.oai_ead.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eFaculty/Staff Photograph Collection, Photographs.003\u003c/a\u003e, both of which contain several photographs of Charles Burchard and are maintained by VT Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the  Named/Individual Photograph Collections, Photographs.002 , and  Faculty/Staff Photograph Collection, Photographs.003 , both of which contain several photographs of Charles Burchard and are maintained by VT Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989. \n \nThe collection is organized into seven series, based on the type and format of materials: Professional Papers; College of Architecture, Program \u0026amp; Curriculum; Studies \u0026amp; Proposals; Publications \u0026amp; Reports; Personal Papers; Multimedia \u0026amp; Audio/Visual; and Artifacts. Most series contain multiple sub-series and in some cases, there is overlap between series or sub-series, but during processing, Special Collections and University Archives staff attempted to retain the original organization of the creator wherever possible.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989. \n \nThe collection is organized into seven series, based on the type and format of materials: Professional Papers; College of Architecture, Program \u0026 Curriculum; Studies \u0026 Proposals; Publications \u0026 Reports; Personal Papers; Multimedia \u0026 Audio/Visual; and Artifacts. Most series contain multiple sub-series and in some cases, there is overlap between series or sub-series, but during processing, Special Collections and University Archives staff attempted to retain the original organization of the creator wherever possible."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following books were removed and cataloged for the Special Collections and University Archives Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArchitectural Registration Handbook: A Test Guide for Professional Exam Candidates\u003c/title\u003e. Washington, DC: National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, 1973.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBacon, Edmond N. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDesign of Cities\u003c/title\u003e. Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1976.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLe Musee Picasso de Barcelone\u003c/title\u003e. Leon, Spain: Editorial Everest, 1975.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePatracos, Basil Chr. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDelphi\u003c/title\u003e. Athens, Greece: 1971.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrigogine, I. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOrder Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature\u003c/title\u003e. Boulder, CO : New Science Library : Distributed by Random House, 1984.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSharp. Thomas. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Anatomy of the Village\u003c/title\u003e. Harmondsworth, Middlesex [Eng.] Penguin Books, 1946.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Tribute to William Emerson\u003c/title\u003e. Meriden, CT: Meriden Gravurte Company, 1958?\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following books were removed and cataloged for the Special Collections and University Archives Rare Book Collection:","Architectural Registration Handbook: A Test Guide for Professional Exam Candidates . Washington, DC: National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, 1973. Bacon, Edmond N.  Design of Cities . Rev. ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1976. Le Musee Picasso de Barcelone . Leon, Spain: Editorial Everest, 1975. Patracos, Basil Chr.  Delphi . Athens, Greece: 1971. Prigogine, I.  Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature . Boulder, CO : New Science Library : Distributed by Random House, 1984. Sharp. Thomas.  The Anatomy of the Village . Harmondsworth, Middlesex [Eng.] Penguin Books, 1946. A Tribute to William Emerson . Meriden, CT: Meriden Gravurte Company, 1958?"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4687b142ddd9d28784565a3e8c713bc6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Charles Burchard Collection includes personal and professional correspondence, architectural drawings from private practice work, publications, subject files, administrative papers relating to Burchard's teaching at Harvard's Graduate School of Design (1946-1953), as a senior partner at A.M. Kinney and Associates in Cincinnati, Ohio (1953-1963), and from his tenure as dean of the College of Architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (later Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University). Materials in this collection span Burchard's education and career, dating from between about 1935 and 1989."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990","Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990","Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Burchard, Charles, 1913-1990","Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":659,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:35:58.200Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1857_c04_c08_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academic position correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Albert L. Sturm Papers","Series II. Academic Administration and Consulting","Subseries A. Academic Administration"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Albert L. Sturm Papers","Series II. Academic Administration and Consulting","Subseries A. Academic Administration"],"text":["Albert L. Sturm Papers","Series II. Academic Administration and Consulting","Subseries A. Academic Administration","Academic position correspondence","box 2","folder 31"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academic position correspondence","title_ssm":["Academic position correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Academic position correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1977, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1968/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academic position correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":70,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1526.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sturm, Albert L., Papers","title_ssm":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"title_tesim":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1904-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1904-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.019"],"text":["Ms.1988.019","Albert L. Sturm Papers","Constitutions -- United States","Constitutions -- United States -- States","Faculty and staff","Political science","University History","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged in six series: ","Series I. Academic Instruction, 1940-1979. This series contains papers relating to courses taught by Sturm and others and includes background materials, outlines, and exam questions. The series spans Sturm's academic career, and papers from multiple institutions may be found in a single file. The series is arranged alphabetically by topic/class name. ","Series II. Academic Administration and Consultation, 1952-1988. This series includes materials relating to Sturm's academic activities outside the classroom. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries A, Academic Administration, includes papers relating to university and departmental issues and personnel. The subseries contains a signficant amount of material on Virginia Tech's 1977 self-study, of which Sturm served as director. The subseries is arranged by institution (with files relating to Virginia Tech preceding those relating to other universities), then alphabetically. Subseries B, Academic Consulting, includes materials relating to Sturm's consultations with other universities, paricularly in Mississippi. The subseries is arranged alphabetically. ","Series III. Organizations and Conferences, 1904-1987. Sturm's membership and participation in various organizations and conferences, largely devoted to political science, are documented in this series. The series includes several files relating to Phi Beta Kappa national honor society. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of organization/event.","Series IV. Writings, 1938-1987. This series includes files devoted to Sturm's many publications and public addresses. While some of the files include copies of these writings, many contain only preparatory research materials  and correspondence. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of publication/address, with a few general files, relating to multiple articles/addresses, are found at the end of the series. ","Series V. Subject Files, 1959-1987. This series, devoted to Sturm's many political science research projects, includes correspondence, printed materials, reports, and studies. Subseries A, Constitutional Commissions and Conventions, contains materials gathered by Sturm in keeping abreast of constitutional revision in the various states, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s. The subseries is arranged alphabetically, with U. S. territories found at the end ofo the subseries. Subseries B, Subject Files, is a more general grouping of files relating to Sturm's research activities in both state and federal political history and constitutional revision. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject name. ","Series VI. Personal Papers, 1938-1987. A small group of personal papers completes the collection and includes biographical materials and planning calendars. Also included are files relating to Sturm's personal financial investments. Among these are papers relating to Sturm's investment in Adventurland Video of Blacksburg. The series is arranged by subject matter. ","Albert Lee Sturm Jr., son of Albert L. and Pearl Agnes Wingate Sturm, was born in Appalachia (Wise County), Virginia on August 5, 1911. After graduating from Hampden-Sydney College, he earned master's and doctoral degrees in political science from Duke University, the latter in 1942. Sturm married Virginia Frye Butts in 1941. He served as an officer in the U. S. Naval Reserve during World War II and was wounded during his service. ","Sturm served as instructor in political science at the University of Michigan (1941-1942); instructor in political science, naval history, and seasmanship at the U. S. Naval Academy (1942-1943); and associate professor and professor of political science at West Virginia University (1946-1962). During these years, Sturm also held visiting professorships at Duke University (1946 and 1961), Penn State (1949), University of Michigan (1952-1953 and 1962), University of Ankara-Turkey (1957-1959) and University of Nebraska (1968). In 1962, Sturm became director of the Institute of Governmental Research and professor of political science at Florida State University, a position that he held until being named university research professor of political science at Virginia Tech. In addition to classroom instruction, Sturm remained active in academic administration and in 1977 served as director of Virginia Tech's institutional self-study. Sturm maintained research interests in the American presidency and became an expert on the history and development of state constitutions and constitutional revision. He often consulted with individual states on constitutional revision and published several books and numerous articles on the subject. ","Albert Sturm retired from Virginia Tech in 1979, when he became professor emeritus at Virginia Tech's Center for Public Administration and Policy. He died in Loudoun County, Virginia, on March 21, 1988. ","The guide to the Albert L. Sturm Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and descripiton of the Albert L. Sturm Papers commenced in March 2020 and was completed in March 2021.","This collection contains the papers of Albert Lee Sturm Jr., professor emeritus of political science and the Center for Public Administration and Policy at Virginia Tech; expert on state constitutional development and revision; and director of the 1977 Virginia Tech self-study. The papers include correspondence, reports, printed materials, copies of legislation and court documents. (Sturm's original file titles have, for the most part, been retained, though a few have been altered for the sake of consistency and clarification.)","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Albert L. Sturm, professor of political science at Virginia Tech and a noted expert on state constitutions and constitutional revision. Included are correspondence, reports, and printed materials relating to academic instruction, administration, and consultation; Sturm's books, articles, and public addresses; and topical files on politics and constitutionalnoal development and revision.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sturm, Albert L.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Albert L. Sturm Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Sturm, Albert L."],"creator_ssim":["Sturm, Albert L."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sturm, Albert L."],"creators_ssim":["Sturm, Albert L."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Albert L. Sturm Papers were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1988."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Constitutions -- United States","Constitutions -- United States -- States","Faculty and staff","Political science","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Constitutions -- United States","Constitutions -- United States -- States","Faculty and staff","Political science","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["27 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["27 Cubic Feet 19 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in six series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Academic Instruction, 1940-1979. This series contains papers relating to courses taught by Sturm and others and includes background materials, outlines, and exam questions. The series spans Sturm's academic career, and papers from multiple institutions may be found in a single file. The series is arranged alphabetically by topic/class name. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Academic Administration and Consultation, 1952-1988. This series includes materials relating to Sturm's academic activities outside the classroom. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries A, Academic Administration, includes papers relating to university and departmental issues and personnel. The subseries contains a signficant amount of material on Virginia Tech's 1977 self-study, of which Sturm served as director. The subseries is arranged by institution (with files relating to Virginia Tech preceding those relating to other universities), then alphabetically. Subseries B, Academic Consulting, includes materials relating to Sturm's consultations with other universities, paricularly in Mississippi. The subseries is arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Organizations and Conferences, 1904-1987. Sturm's membership and participation in various organizations and conferences, largely devoted to political science, are documented in this series. The series includes several files relating to Phi Beta Kappa national honor society. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of organization/event.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Writings, 1938-1987. This series includes files devoted to Sturm's many publications and public addresses. While some of the files include copies of these writings, many contain only preparatory research materials  and correspondence. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of publication/address, with a few general files, relating to multiple articles/addresses, are found at the end of the series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Subject Files, 1959-1987. This series, devoted to Sturm's many political science research projects, includes correspondence, printed materials, reports, and studies. Subseries A, Constitutional Commissions and Conventions, contains materials gathered by Sturm in keeping abreast of constitutional revision in the various states, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s. The subseries is arranged alphabetically, with U. S. territories found at the end ofo the subseries. Subseries B, Subject Files, is a more general grouping of files relating to Sturm's research activities in both state and federal political history and constitutional revision. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject name. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Personal Papers, 1938-1987. A small group of personal papers completes the collection and includes biographical materials and planning calendars. Also included are files relating to Sturm's personal financial investments. Among these are papers relating to Sturm's investment in Adventurland Video of Blacksburg. The series is arranged by subject matter. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series: ","Series I. Academic Instruction, 1940-1979. This series contains papers relating to courses taught by Sturm and others and includes background materials, outlines, and exam questions. The series spans Sturm's academic career, and papers from multiple institutions may be found in a single file. The series is arranged alphabetically by topic/class name. ","Series II. Academic Administration and Consultation, 1952-1988. This series includes materials relating to Sturm's academic activities outside the classroom. The series is divided into two subseries. Subseries A, Academic Administration, includes papers relating to university and departmental issues and personnel. The subseries contains a signficant amount of material on Virginia Tech's 1977 self-study, of which Sturm served as director. The subseries is arranged by institution (with files relating to Virginia Tech preceding those relating to other universities), then alphabetically. Subseries B, Academic Consulting, includes materials relating to Sturm's consultations with other universities, paricularly in Mississippi. The subseries is arranged alphabetically. ","Series III. Organizations and Conferences, 1904-1987. Sturm's membership and participation in various organizations and conferences, largely devoted to political science, are documented in this series. The series includes several files relating to Phi Beta Kappa national honor society. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of organization/event.","Series IV. Writings, 1938-1987. This series includes files devoted to Sturm's many publications and public addresses. While some of the files include copies of these writings, many contain only preparatory research materials  and correspondence. The series is arranged alphabetically by name of publication/address, with a few general files, relating to multiple articles/addresses, are found at the end of the series. ","Series V. Subject Files, 1959-1987. This series, devoted to Sturm's many political science research projects, includes correspondence, printed materials, reports, and studies. Subseries A, Constitutional Commissions and Conventions, contains materials gathered by Sturm in keeping abreast of constitutional revision in the various states, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s. The subseries is arranged alphabetically, with U. S. territories found at the end ofo the subseries. Subseries B, Subject Files, is a more general grouping of files relating to Sturm's research activities in both state and federal political history and constitutional revision. The subseries is arranged alphabetically by subject name. ","Series VI. Personal Papers, 1938-1987. A small group of personal papers completes the collection and includes biographical materials and planning calendars. Also included are files relating to Sturm's personal financial investments. Among these are papers relating to Sturm's investment in Adventurland Video of Blacksburg. The series is arranged by subject matter. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlbert Lee Sturm Jr., son of Albert L. and Pearl Agnes Wingate Sturm, was born in Appalachia (Wise County), Virginia on August 5, 1911. After graduating from Hampden-Sydney College, he earned master's and doctoral degrees in political science from Duke University, the latter in 1942. Sturm married Virginia Frye Butts in 1941. He served as an officer in the U. S. Naval Reserve during World War II and was wounded during his service. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSturm served as instructor in political science at the University of Michigan (1941-1942); instructor in political science, naval history, and seasmanship at the U. S. Naval Academy (1942-1943); and associate professor and professor of political science at West Virginia University (1946-1962). During these years, Sturm also held visiting professorships at Duke University (1946 and 1961), Penn State (1949), University of Michigan (1952-1953 and 1962), University of Ankara-Turkey (1957-1959) and University of Nebraska (1968). In 1962, Sturm became director of the Institute of Governmental Research and professor of political science at Florida State University, a position that he held until being named university research professor of political science at Virginia Tech. In addition to classroom instruction, Sturm remained active in academic administration and in 1977 served as director of Virginia Tech's institutional self-study. Sturm maintained research interests in the American presidency and became an expert on the history and development of state constitutions and constitutional revision. He often consulted with individual states on constitutional revision and published several books and numerous articles on the subject. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlbert Sturm retired from Virginia Tech in 1979, when he became professor emeritus at Virginia Tech's Center for Public Administration and Policy. He died in Loudoun County, Virginia, on March 21, 1988. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Albert Lee Sturm Jr., son of Albert L. and Pearl Agnes Wingate Sturm, was born in Appalachia (Wise County), Virginia on August 5, 1911. After graduating from Hampden-Sydney College, he earned master's and doctoral degrees in political science from Duke University, the latter in 1942. Sturm married Virginia Frye Butts in 1941. He served as an officer in the U. S. Naval Reserve during World War II and was wounded during his service. ","Sturm served as instructor in political science at the University of Michigan (1941-1942); instructor in political science, naval history, and seasmanship at the U. S. Naval Academy (1942-1943); and associate professor and professor of political science at West Virginia University (1946-1962). During these years, Sturm also held visiting professorships at Duke University (1946 and 1961), Penn State (1949), University of Michigan (1952-1953 and 1962), University of Ankara-Turkey (1957-1959) and University of Nebraska (1968). In 1962, Sturm became director of the Institute of Governmental Research and professor of political science at Florida State University, a position that he held until being named university research professor of political science at Virginia Tech. In addition to classroom instruction, Sturm remained active in academic administration and in 1977 served as director of Virginia Tech's institutional self-study. Sturm maintained research interests in the American presidency and became an expert on the history and development of state constitutions and constitutional revision. He often consulted with individual states on constitutional revision and published several books and numerous articles on the subject. ","Albert Sturm retired from Virginia Tech in 1979, when he became professor emeritus at Virginia Tech's Center for Public Administration and Policy. He died in Loudoun County, Virginia, on March 21, 1988. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Albert L. Sturm Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Albert L. Sturm Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Albert L. Sturm Papers, Ms1988-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Albert L. Sturm Papers, Ms1988-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and descripiton of the Albert L. Sturm Papers commenced in March 2020 and was completed in March 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and descripiton of the Albert L. Sturm Papers commenced in March 2020 and was completed in March 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Albert Lee Sturm Jr., professor emeritus of political science and the Center for Public Administration and Policy at Virginia Tech; expert on state constitutional development and revision; and director of the 1977 Virginia Tech self-study. The papers include correspondence, reports, printed materials, copies of legislation and court documents. (Sturm's original file titles have, for the most part, been retained, though a few have been altered for the sake of consistency and clarification.)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Albert Lee Sturm Jr., professor emeritus of political science and the Center for Public Administration and Policy at Virginia Tech; expert on state constitutional development and revision; and director of the 1977 Virginia Tech self-study. The papers include correspondence, reports, printed materials, copies of legislation and court documents. (Sturm's original file titles have, for the most part, been retained, though a few have been altered for the sake of consistency and clarification.)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_26efd8077067bf8cc51cd11c3b0ef3ff\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Albert L. Sturm, professor of political science at Virginia Tech and a noted expert on state constitutions and constitutional revision. Included are correspondence, reports, and printed materials relating to academic instruction, administration, and consultation; Sturm's books, articles, and public addresses; and topical files on politics and constitutionalnoal development and revision.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Albert L. Sturm, professor of political science at Virginia Tech and a noted expert on state constitutions and constitutional revision. Included are correspondence, reports, and printed materials relating to academic instruction, administration, and consultation; Sturm's books, articles, and public addresses; and topical files on politics and constitutionalnoal development and revision."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_aa5fc40d972bcc33a213ed4531fe9978\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Sturm, Albert L."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Sturm, Albert L."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":592,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:48:35.639Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1526_c02_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records","Administrative Files and Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records","Administrative Files and Correspondence"],"text":["Virginia Academy of Science Records","Administrative Files and Correspondence","Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports"],"title_filing_ssi":"Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports","title_ssm":["Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports"],"title_tesim":["Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Academy Assembly and Academy Conference--Minutes and Reports"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":766,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977],"_nest_path_":"/components#14/components#9","timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:31.650Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1353.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Academy of Science Records","title_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-2005"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1981.096"],"text":["Ms.1981.096","Virginia Academy of Science Records","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology","The collection is open for research.","The records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.","Boxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. ","Boxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. ","Boxes 41-49 are in their original order. ","In 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. ","The VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal  Claytonia  (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The  Journal  often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the  VJS  carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980.","The guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015.","The Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as  Review of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee  (1939),  Announcement and a Challenge  (1946?), and the  Future  (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history.  Claytonia  was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.","The VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers,  History of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927  (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the  Virginia Journal of Science  and in Spring 1973 the  Journal  carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.","The early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the  Proceedings . The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the  Proceedings  through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.","The Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.","Please note:  Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1981.096"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Academy of Science Records deposited in Special Collections are largely the result of the preservation of the records by the individual officers, section heads, and committee chairs. Throughout the Academy's history these records have been stored in various places around the state. Their being brought together in 1981 in one location is largely the work of the VAS Archives Committee under the leadership of Dr. Boyd Harshbarger. Donations have been made continuously since that time by the Academy and individual members. ","Additional donations are expected in the future."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["68.6 Cubic Feet 49 boxes and 2 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["68.6 Cubic Feet 49 boxes and 2 oversize folders"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBoxes 41-49 are in their original order. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Academy of Science have primarily been arranged in chronological order by year, then by the principal officers who maintained large quantities of records, and by the scientific sections and committees whose records have survived.","Boxes 1-20 are arranged chronologically by subject files. Boxes 26 and 28-36 contain VAS papers arranged chronologically by creator/collector. Boxes 37-38 are arranged by material type. ","Boxes 21-25, 27, and 39-40 contain publications arranged chronologically by title. ","Boxes 41-49 are in their original order. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eClaytonia\u003c/title\u003e (1934-1939), followed by the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e (1940-1943) and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science, New Series\u003c/title\u003e (VJS, 1950-present). The \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal\u003c/title\u003e often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVJS\u003c/title\u003e carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJeffersonia\u003c/title\u003e in 1980.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1923, one hundred and thirty-five scientists chartered the Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) and held their first annual VAS meeting in Williamsburg on April 26th. The Academy has continued to meet annually since then (except during World War II), bringing together scientists from every field throughout the state. ","The VAS has also published numerous works and serials, including the first VAS journal  Claytonia  (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The  Journal  often focuses on special topics such as the issue which was devoted to the 1964 Virginia Symposium on Human Resources (held during the annual VAS conference); \"Early Virginia,\" articles on scientific and cultural development in Virginia, was especially reprinted for the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown in 1957; and in 1969 the  VJS  carried a series of articles on Virginia's Dismal Swamp area. The Publications Committee records show that the Dismal Swamp series was the culmination of the work of many Academy members who had originally hoped for a separate work to be published like the James River Basin study. The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Academy of Science Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Academy of Science Records, Ms1981-096, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Academy of Science Records, Ms1981-096, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The collection was reorganized, and recent donations incorporated, from September 1998 to March 1999, by Gina Ellis, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator. Additional donations were processed in 2010, 2013, and 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eReview of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee\u003c/title\u003e (1939), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAnnouncement and a Challenge\u003c/title\u003e (1946?), and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFuture\u003c/title\u003e (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eClaytonia\u003c/title\u003e was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e (1940-1943) and the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science, New Series\u003c/title\u003e (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJeffersonia\u003c/title\u003e in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927\u003c/title\u003e (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Journal of Science\u003c/title\u003e and in Spring 1973 the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJournal\u003c/title\u003e carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings\u003c/title\u003e. The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProceedings\u003c/title\u003e through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Academy of Science Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-present. These include such in-house works as  Review of the First Ten Years of the Research Committee  (1939),  Announcement and a Challenge  (1946?), and the  Future  (1950). The Academy has also published periodicals throughout its history.  Claytonia  was the first VAS journal (1934-1939), followed by the  Virginia Journal of Science  (1940-1943) and the  Virginia Journal of Science, New Series  (VJS, 1950-present). The Flora Committee of the Botany Section also periodically publishes a newsletter which became known as  Jeffersonia  in 1980; the records contain only scattered issues (11) from 1969-1970, 1980. The Academy Records also has copies of directories, brochures, and membership fliers which the VAS has published since about 1946.","The VAS Records also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories; especially interesting are the early versions by Ivey Foreman Lewis (first VAS president) and E. C. L. Miller. The collection contains quite extensive records of the work of Isabel Boggs and George Jeffers to coordinate the efforts of members to record the Academy's past as well as the resulting master's thesis of Harry J. Staggers,  History of the Virginia Academy of Science, 1925-1927  (College of William and Mary, 1966). This history of the VAS appeared in the Winter 1968 issue of the  Virginia Journal of Science  and in Spring 1973 the  Journal  carried the more recent VAS history, 1948-1972, to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Virginia Academy of Science charter.","The early records of the Academy can be attributed largely to the efforts of E. C. L. Miller who was the only officer (secretary and treasurer) to serve continuously, 1924-1949. During these years, he corresponded widely for the entire Academy, maintained committee reports, compiled the yearly programs, and saw that formal records were published annually in the  Proceedings . The strength of the VAS Records lies largely in the historic intuition of such officers, section heads, or committee chairs who maintained the files. Some files are much more complete than others. The early records of the Research Committee, for example, contain applications, papers submitted for consideration for the annual award, and records of the efforts of J. Shelton Horsley to raise an endowment to support these awards, which were later named in his honor. More recent files are limited to minutes and annual reports. The Geology Section has perhaps the most complete set of records of section activities, especially during the leadership of William M. McGill. The activities of other committees and sections are often preserved in the Council's records, however, while the  Proceedings  through 1966 and/or the annual meeting files often contain reports of committees and sections.","The Academy Records also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b6c4ad862c9a7b841ca76f4894efc3c8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Academy of Science (VAS) Records includes VAS publications dating from 1939-2004 and also includes manuscript and published versions of various Academy histories. The Academy Archives also includes correspondence, report, and minutes of section and of ad hoc and standing committees, annual financial statements, photographs and clippings, by-laws, and constitutions, records of special projects such as the visiting scientists program (supported by National Science Foundation grants), the Virginia Institute for Scientific Research and the Virginia Museum of Science."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ef5789dad03977c52c473223bedc8840\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-49 are located in off-site storage and require 2-3 days notices for retrieval.  Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Academy of Science","Virginia Junior Academy of Sciences"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1808,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:42:31.650Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1353_c15_c10"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":5980},"links":{"remove":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","value":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22More+Than+the+Sum+of+Our+Body+Parts%3A+An+Exhibit+by+CARY%2C+1992-1993%22\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A New and Accurate Map of the County of Patrick, Virginia","value":"A New and Accurate Map of the County of Patrick, Virginia","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+New+and+Accurate+Map+of+the+County+of+Patrick%2C+Virginia\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Settlement Map of Franklin County, Virginia, giving the Names and Locations of Many of the Early Settlers from 1786 to 1886","value":"A Settlement Map of Franklin County, Virginia, giving the Names and Locations of Many of the Early Settlers from 1786 to 1886","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Settlement+Map+of+Franklin+County%2C+Virginia%2C+giving+the+Names+and+Locations+of+Many+of+the+Early+Settlers+from+1786+to+1886\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","value":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+J.+Davis+Family+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","value":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Jane+Duncombe+Architectural+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1976\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abbye A. Gorin Architectural Collection","value":"Abbye A. 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