{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Prince+Edward+County+%28Va.%29\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1973\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Prince+Edward+County+%28Va.%29\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":7,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_4","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A.J. Morrison Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_4#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains an unfinished manuscript by A.J. Morrison about Prince Edward County, along with letters, newspaper clippings, and various documents about local history. 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Morrison Collection","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","United States--History","Military history","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","The manuscript was originally divided into paper-clipped sections. Paper clips were removed and each section has been placed in a separate folder in accordance with the original order.","A.J. Morrison (d. 1923) was the grandson of Hampden-Sydney President J. M. P. Atkinson, and a 1895 graduate of the College. After receiving his Pd.D. at Johns Hopkins, he returned to Hampden-Sydney, where he engaged in copious historical research related to Prince Edward County and Hampden-Sydney College.","Processed by: Maryska Connelly-Brown, 2018. 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Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC.000102"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A.J. Morrison Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["A.J. Morrison Collection"],"collection_ssim":["A.J. Morrison Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"repository_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssm":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"places_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_terms_ssm":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.   \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. 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Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to materials: "],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript was originally divided into paper-clipped sections. Paper clips were removed and each section has been placed in a separate folder in accordance with the original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The manuscript was originally divided into paper-clipped sections. 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Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of these materials: "],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.   \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"names_coll_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Morrison Collection","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","United States--History","Military history","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","The manuscript was originally divided into paper-clipped sections. Paper clips were removed and each section has been placed in a separate folder in accordance with the original order.","A.J. Morrison (d. 1923) was the grandson of Hampden-Sydney President J. M. P. Atkinson, and a 1895 graduate of the College. After receiving his Pd.D. at Johns Hopkins, he returned to Hampden-Sydney, where he engaged in copious historical research related to Prince Edward County and Hampden-Sydney College.","Processed by: Maryska Connelly-Brown, 2018. 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Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC.000102"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A.J. Morrison Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["A.J. Morrison Collection"],"collection_ssim":["A.J. 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Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. 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These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. These photographs were also accompanied by materials from The Virginia Department of Forestry, as well as A Logger Guide. Many of the photographs are marked on the back with specific land owners names and outlined on the front are parcels of land and boundaries of woods and ponds.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_3_resources_192.xml","title_ssm":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"title_tesim":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"unitdate_ssm":["1955-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1955-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["HS.002","/repositories/3/resources/192"],"text":["HS.002","/repositories/3/resources/192","Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County.","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Aerial photography.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Since the early 1930s, aerial photographs have been taken by the United States government in order to develop land management practices and help resolve land disputes. During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward.","This collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005.","This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Some of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile","Photos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County","This collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. These photographs were also accompanied by materials from The Virginia Department of Forestry, as well as A Logger Guide. Many of the photographs are marked on the back with specific land owners names and outlined on the front are parcels of land and boundaries of woods and ponds.","Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Virginia. Department of Forestry","National Aerial Photography Program (U.S.)","English \n.    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Department of Forestry"],"places_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Aerial photography."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Aerial photography."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Linear Feet 5 archival flat boxes and 1 oversize archival folder"],"extent_tesim":["6 Linear Feet 5 archival flat boxes and 1 oversize archival folder"],"date_range_isim":[1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":[" Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince the early 1930s, aerial photographs have been taken by the United States government in order to develop land management practices and help resolve land disputes. During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since the early 1930s, aerial photographs have been taken by the United States government in order to develop land management practices and help resolve land disputes. During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note","General Note","General Note"],"odd_tesim":["This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Some of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile","Photos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. These photographs were also accompanied by materials from The Virginia Department of Forestry, as well as A Logger Guide. Many of the photographs are marked on the back with specific land owners names and outlined on the front are parcels of land and boundaries of woods and ponds.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":66,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:38:06.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_3_resources_192.xml","title_ssm":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"title_tesim":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"unitdate_ssm":["1955-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1955-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["HS.002","/repositories/3/resources/192"],"text":["HS.002","/repositories/3/resources/192","Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County.","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Aerial photography.","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Since the early 1930s, aerial photographs have been taken by the United States government in order to develop land management practices and help resolve land disputes. During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward.","This collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005.","This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Some of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile","Photos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County","This collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. These photographs were also accompanied by materials from The Virginia Department of Forestry, as well as A Logger Guide. Many of the photographs are marked on the back with specific land owners names and outlined on the front are parcels of land and boundaries of woods and ponds.","Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives","Virginia. Department of Forestry","National Aerial Photography Program (U.S.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["HS.002","/repositories/3/resources/192"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"collection_title_tesim":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"collection_ssim":["Forestry Service Aerial Photographs Of Prince Edward County."],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"geogname_ssm":["Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Department of Forestry"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Department of Forestry"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Department of Forestry"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia. 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During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since the early 1930s, aerial photographs have been taken by the United States government in order to develop land management practices and help resolve land disputes. During the 1980s, the government created programs including the NAPP (National Aerial Photography Program) and NHAP (National High Altitude Photography), to take these aerial photographs. All of the photos were taken from 20,000 feet to 40,000 feet and every photo has a unique identifier known as a FIPS code. All the photos are linked by the letters DHM, which is the FIPS code for Prince Edward County, as well as the numbers 51147 that also references Prince Edward."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was acquired by the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society from Jimmy Gant in 2005."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note","General Note","General Note"],"odd_tesim":["This collection is part of the Farmville-Prince Edward Historical Society Archives which are housed at the Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Some of the maps in this collection, as well as the 1980 series of aerial photographs, should be handled with extra care, as they are extremely fragile","Photos in this collections are marked using the FIPS code DHM as well as the numbers 51147, both designating the photos as Prince Edward County"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. These photographs were also accompanied by materials from The Virginia Department of Forestry, as well as A Logger Guide. Many of the photographs are marked on the back with specific land owners names and outlined on the front are parcels of land and boundaries of woods and ponds.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection is a series of aerial photographs taken in cooperation between multiple federal agencies. These photos are all of Prince Edward County and are spread out in five distinct time periods: 1955, 1964, 1972, 1980, and 1990. The collection also includes corresponding maps to each of the series of photos, except for 1980. 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"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":66,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T21:38:06.185Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_3_resources_192"}},{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Log Cabin School Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e1. Physical folder of unsorted archival material from Angela Way and Maryska Connolly-Brown (incl. signed Tommy Shomo release form) 2. Born digital oral history recordings shared via Sharepoint app and stored in Digital Archive 3. To be received material donated to museum on 20/21/04/28 3a. Financial Records, including canceled checks and a running balance 3b. a sweatshirt 3c. snapshots of children at Log Cabin 3d. Professionally framed photo of children with ID on back 3e. Miscellaneous teaching materials 4. Business Office Materials in possession of Angela Way at Museum\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","_root_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/HSC/repositories_2_resources_20.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/ark:/45832/10096","title_filing_ssi":"Log Cabin School Collection","title_ssm":["Log Cabin School Collection"],"title_tesim":["Log Cabin School Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966/2022"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966/2022"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.000111"],"text":["SC.000111","Log Cabin School Collection","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","This collection is arranged in the order that materials were received.","The Log Cabin was built on the Hampden-Sydney campus in 1928, to serve as a meeting place for the Ministerial Association. Through the years, the building also served as housing for Hampden-Sydney employees, and an annex to the Kappa Alpha fraternity.\nIn 1966, responding to a lack of early childhood education in Prince Edward county, the wives of several Hampden-Sydney faculty members banded together to create a cooperative pre-school housed in the Log Cabin building. The school educated both white and black children from the community, making it exceptional during a period of significant resistance to racial equality in the county.","The steering committee initially included Mrs. Gerald L. Engel, Mrs. Paul Grier, Mrs. Edward Kiess, Mrs. Taylor Reveley, Mrs. Frances Scott, Mrs. James Simms, and Mrs. H. W. Vassey. Frances Scott eventually took on a more primary role at the school, and remained a fixture at Log Cabin for over thirty years. She continues to live in close proximity to Hampden-Sydney, and is a resident of the Mercy Seat neighborhood. ","This artificial collection consists of digitized records gathered by Maryska Connolly-Brown and Angela Way that pertain to the administration and operation of the Log Cabin School, oral history interviews with participants, and items donated by former volunteers at the school. The project is ongoing. ","Log Cabin Document Scans and Oral History Interviews, Digital Content   Contains digital objects made from the original documents found within SC-000111.  Access copies available http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/41","1. Physical folder of unsorted archival material from Angela Way and Maryska Connolly-Brown (incl. signed Tommy Shomo release form)\n2. Born digital oral history recordings shared via Sharepoint app and stored in Digital Archive\n3. To be received material donated to museum on 20/21/04/28\n3a. Financial Records, including canceled checks and a running balance\n3b. a sweatshirt\n3c. snapshots of children at Log Cabin\n3d. Professionally framed photo of children with ID on back\n3e. Miscellaneous teaching materials\n4. Business Office Materials in possession of Angela Way at Museum","The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","English \n.    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The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"access_subjects_ssim":["School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.21 Gigabytes The preserved digital folder \"Log Cabin Nursery School\" contains 195 files and 29 folders which include oral histories, transcripts, scanned release forms, and scanned copies of all physical documents in the collection.","1 Cubic Feet 1 Legal Hollinger Box; 1 Medium Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["1.21 Gigabytes The preserved digital folder \"Log Cabin Nursery School\" contains 195 files and 29 folders which include oral histories, transcripts, scanned release forms, and scanned copies of all physical documents in the collection.","1 Cubic Feet 1 Legal Hollinger Box; 1 Medium Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to Materials"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged in the order that materials were received.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged in the order that materials were received."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Log Cabin was built on the Hampden-Sydney campus in 1928, to serve as a meeting place for the Ministerial Association. Through the years, the building also served as housing for Hampden-Sydney employees, and an annex to the Kappa Alpha fraternity.\nIn 1966, responding to a lack of early childhood education in Prince Edward county, the wives of several Hampden-Sydney faculty members banded together to create a cooperative pre-school housed in the Log Cabin building. The school educated both white and black children from the community, making it exceptional during a period of significant resistance to racial equality in the county.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe steering committee initially included Mrs. Gerald L. Engel, Mrs. Paul Grier, Mrs. Edward Kiess, Mrs. Taylor Reveley, Mrs. Frances Scott, Mrs. James Simms, and Mrs. H. W. Vassey. Frances Scott eventually took on a more primary role at the school, and remained a fixture at Log Cabin for over thirty years. She continues to live in close proximity to Hampden-Sydney, and is a resident of the Mercy Seat neighborhood. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis artificial collection consists of digitized records gathered by Maryska Connolly-Brown and Angela Way that pertain to the administration and operation of the Log Cabin School, oral history interviews with participants, and items donated by former volunteers at the school. The project is ongoing. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Log Cabin was built on the Hampden-Sydney campus in 1928, to serve as a meeting place for the Ministerial Association. Through the years, the building also served as housing for Hampden-Sydney employees, and an annex to the Kappa Alpha fraternity.\nIn 1966, responding to a lack of early childhood education in Prince Edward county, the wives of several Hampden-Sydney faculty members banded together to create a cooperative pre-school housed in the Log Cabin building. The school educated both white and black children from the community, making it exceptional during a period of significant resistance to racial equality in the county.","The steering committee initially included Mrs. Gerald L. Engel, Mrs. Paul Grier, Mrs. Edward Kiess, Mrs. Taylor Reveley, Mrs. Frances Scott, Mrs. James Simms, and Mrs. H. W. Vassey. Frances Scott eventually took on a more primary role at the school, and remained a fixture at Log Cabin for over thirty years. She continues to live in close proximity to Hampden-Sydney, and is a resident of the Mercy Seat neighborhood. ","This artificial collection consists of digitized records gathered by Maryska Connolly-Brown and Angela Way that pertain to the administration and operation of the Log Cabin School, oral history interviews with participants, and items donated by former volunteers at the school. The project is ongoing. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLog Cabin Document Scans and Oral History Interviews, Digital Content \u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e Contains digital objects made from the original documents found within SC-000111.\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e Access copies available http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/41\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials "],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Log Cabin Document Scans and Oral History Interviews, Digital Content   Contains digital objects made from the original documents found within SC-000111.  Access copies available http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/41"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1. Physical folder of unsorted archival material from Angela Way and Maryska Connolly-Brown (incl. signed Tommy Shomo release form)\n2. Born digital oral history recordings shared via Sharepoint app and stored in Digital Archive\n3. To be received material donated to museum on 20/21/04/28\n3a. Financial Records, including canceled checks and a running balance\n3b. a sweatshirt\n3c. snapshots of children at Log Cabin\n3d. Professionally framed photo of children with ID on back\n3e. Miscellaneous teaching materials\n4. Business Office Materials in possession of Angela Way at Museum\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["1. Physical folder of unsorted archival material from Angela Way and Maryska Connolly-Brown (incl. signed Tommy Shomo release form)\n2. Born digital oral history recordings shared via Sharepoint app and stored in Digital Archive\n3. To be received material donated to museum on 20/21/04/28\n3a. Financial Records, including canceled checks and a running balance\n3b. a sweatshirt\n3c. snapshots of children at Log Cabin\n3d. Professionally framed photo of children with ID on back\n3e. Miscellaneous teaching materials\n4. Business Office Materials in possession of Angela Way at Museum"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of These Materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:27.583Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","_root_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/HSC/repositories_2_resources_20.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/ark:/45832/10096","title_filing_ssi":"Log Cabin School Collection","title_ssm":["Log Cabin School Collection"],"title_tesim":["Log Cabin School Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966/2022"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966/2022"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.000111"],"text":["SC.000111","Log Cabin School Collection","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","This collection is arranged in the order that materials were received.","The Log Cabin was built on the Hampden-Sydney campus in 1928, to serve as a meeting place for the Ministerial Association. Through the years, the building also served as housing for Hampden-Sydney employees, and an annex to the Kappa Alpha fraternity.\nIn 1966, responding to a lack of early childhood education in Prince Edward county, the wives of several Hampden-Sydney faculty members banded together to create a cooperative pre-school housed in the Log Cabin building. The school educated both white and black children from the community, making it exceptional during a period of significant resistance to racial equality in the county.","The steering committee initially included Mrs. Gerald L. 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As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","English \n.    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The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"access_subjects_ssim":["School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["School integration","Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.21 Gigabytes The preserved digital folder \"Log Cabin Nursery School\" contains 195 files and 29 folders which include oral histories, transcripts, scanned release forms, and scanned copies of all physical documents in the collection.","1 Cubic Feet 1 Legal Hollinger Box; 1 Medium Flat Box"],"extent_tesim":["1.21 Gigabytes The preserved digital folder \"Log Cabin Nursery School\" contains 195 files and 29 folders which include oral histories, transcripts, scanned release forms, and scanned copies of all physical documents in the collection.","1 Cubic Feet 1 Legal Hollinger Box; 1 Medium Flat Box"],"genreform_ssim":["Early childhood education","Nursery schools"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. 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"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLog Cabin Document Scans and Oral History Interviews, Digital Content \u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e Contains digital objects made from the original documents found within SC-000111.\u003cb\u003e\u003c/b\u003e Access copies available http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/41\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials "],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Log Cabin Document Scans and Oral History Interviews, Digital Content   Contains digital objects made from the original documents found within SC-000111.  Access copies available http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/41"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1. Physical folder of unsorted archival material from Angela Way and Maryska Connolly-Brown (incl. signed Tommy Shomo release form)\n2. Born digital oral history recordings shared via Sharepoint app and stored in Digital Archive\n3. To be received material donated to museum on 20/21/04/28\n3a. 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Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of These Materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. 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Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.  ","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.  "],"names_coll_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Hampden-Sydney College"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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Some were orginally donated to the alumni relations office, before being transfered to the archives.","Transcriptions of text on sent postcards is included in the \"General Note\"","Postcards of Longwood and Prince Edward","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Longwood University","Rumbough, Constance Hickey","English \n.    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Some were orginally donated to the alumni relations office, before being transfered to the archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This is an artificial collection of postcards that have been organized together over time. 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Keever, the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations and the Citizens Organization for Public Education (COPE). 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Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","The collection is organized chronologically.","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . In 1951, students at  Robert Russa Moton High School , the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"","Rather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. ","Inventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January.","The Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as  The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by  Anthony C. Sherman  entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\" \nThe collection also includes two digital collections:  Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger , and the  College Church Biracial Study Group . The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection.","The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The  Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC.000106"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Prince Edward County Integration Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Prince Edward County Integration Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Prince Edward County Integration Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"repository_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssm":["School integration—Massive resistance movement  ","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssim":["School integration—Massive resistance movement  ","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"places_ssim":["School integration—Massive resistance movement  ","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_terms_ssm":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Richard J. Keever, Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet","27 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger Newspaper","34 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: College Church Biracial Study Group"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet","27 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger Newspaper","34 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: College Church Biracial Study Group"],"genreform_ssim":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to materials"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County \u003c/corpname\u003eIntegration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County Public Schools\u003c/corpname\u003e. In 1951, students at \u003ccorpname\u003eRobert Russa Moton High School\u003c/corpname\u003e, the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . In 1951, students at  Robert Russa Moton High School , the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"","Rather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Prince Edward County Integration Collection, SC 000106, Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026amp; Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Prince Edward County Integration Collection, SC 000106, Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Inventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/10\"\u003eThe Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County\u003c/corpname\u003e Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend \u003cpersname\u003eRichard J. Keever\u003c/persname\u003e, features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as \u003ccorpname\u003eThe Prince Edward Council on Human Relations\u003c/corpname\u003e and the \u003ccorpname\u003eCitizens Organization for Public Education\u003c/corpname\u003e (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by \u003cpersname\u003eAnthony C. Sherman\u003c/persname\u003e entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\"\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\nThe collection also includes two digital collections: \u003cextref href=\"http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/31\"\u003eCivil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger\u003c/extref\u003e, and the \u003cextref href=\"http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/30\"\u003eCollege Church Biracial Study Group\u003c/extref\u003e. The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as  The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by  Anthony C. Sherman  entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\" \nThe collection also includes two digital collections:  Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger , and the  College Church Biracial Study Group . The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of these materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b0e8c396b6f2e1a9cee8a481b6688fb5\"\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County\u003c/corpname\u003e Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County Public Schools\u003c/corpname\u003e. Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend \u003cpersname\u003eRichard J. Keever\u003c/persname\u003e, the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward Council on Human Relations\u003c/corpname\u003e and the \u003ccorpname\u003eCitizens Organization for Public Education\u003c/corpname\u003e (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The  Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters."],"names_coll_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:11:47.081Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_9","ead_ssi":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_9","_root_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_9","_nest_parent_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_9","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/HSC/repositories_2_resources_9.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/ark:/45832/47","title_filing_ssi":"Prince Edward County Integration Collection","title_ssm":["Prince Edward County Integration Collection"],"title_tesim":["Prince Edward County Integration Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1943/1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1943/1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.000106"],"text":["SC.000106","Prince Edward County Integration Collection","School integration—Massive resistance movement  ","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","The collection is organized chronologically.","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . In 1951, students at  Robert Russa Moton High School , the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"","Rather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. ","Inventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January.","The Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as  The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by  Anthony C. Sherman  entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\" \nThe collection also includes two digital collections:  Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger , and the  College Church Biracial Study Group . The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection.","The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The  Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman","English \n.    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As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Richard J. Keever, Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet","27 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger Newspaper","34 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: College Church Biracial Study Group"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet","27 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger Newspaper","34 Digital Image Scans Digital Collection: College Church Biracial Study Group"],"genreform_ssim":["Civil Rights Movements--United States","Segregation in education"],"date_range_isim":[1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to materials"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County \u003c/corpname\u003eIntegration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County Public Schools\u003c/corpname\u003e. In 1951, students at \u003ccorpname\u003eRobert Russa Moton High School\u003c/corpname\u003e, the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . In 1951, students at  Robert Russa Moton High School , the local high school for African-Americans, began a protest of inadequate school facilities that was eventually adopted in as one of the cases in the historic Brown v. Board of Education decision. On May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States of America ruled that schools segregated by race were \"inherently unequal,\" depriving Black students of \"equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment.\" A later Supreme Court decision in May of 1955 ordered that public schools across the nation desegregate \"with all deliberate speed.\"","Rather than comply with these orders, the leaders of Prince Edward County chose to close all public schools, a decision that lasted from 1959 until 1964. The decision was well-publicized at the time, and was a source of tension throughout the county. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Prince Edward County Integration Collection, SC 000106, Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026amp; Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Prince Edward County Integration Collection, SC 000106, Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Inventory by: Shaunna Hunter, 2018. Processed by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January. Machine-readable finding aid created from previous inventories by: Sarah Almond, 2021 January."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref href=\"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/10\"\u003eThe Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Voice of Prince Edward County (SC 000107)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County\u003c/corpname\u003e Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend \u003cpersname\u003eRichard J. Keever\u003c/persname\u003e, features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as \u003ccorpname\u003eThe Prince Edward Council on Human Relations\u003c/corpname\u003e and the \u003ccorpname\u003eCitizens Organization for Public Education\u003c/corpname\u003e (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by \u003cpersname\u003eAnthony C. Sherman\u003c/persname\u003e entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\"\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\nThe collection also includes two digital collections: \u003cextref href=\"http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/31\"\u003eCivil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger\u003c/extref\u003e, and the \u003cextref href=\"http://dams.hsc.edu/collections/show/30\"\u003eCollege Church Biracial Study Group\u003c/extref\u003e. The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection, largely donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as  The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters. \nRev. Keever began researching the repercussions of the school closings in the early 1970s with an eye towards a larger project; featured in this collection are his research notes as well as annotated newspaper clippings, and a 1964 thesis by  Anthony C. Sherman  entitled \"Christian Response and a Protracted Racial Crisis: A Study of Prince Edward County, Virginia.\" \nThe collection also includes two digital collections:  Civil Rights Articles from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger , and the  College Church Biracial Study Group . The latter contains scans of materials already found in the physical collections, but the former contains additional scanned clippings from the Hampden-Sydney Tiger not found in the physical collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of these materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other information about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials. \nThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. \nThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certain information pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b0e8c396b6f2e1a9cee8a481b6688fb5\"\u003eThe \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County\u003c/corpname\u003e Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward County Public Schools\u003c/corpname\u003e. Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend \u003cpersname\u003eRichard J. Keever\u003c/persname\u003e, the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The \u003ccorpname\u003ePrince Edward Council on Human Relations\u003c/corpname\u003e and the \u003ccorpname\u003eCitizens Organization for Public Education\u003c/corpname\u003e (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The  Prince Edward County  Integration Collection documents the viewpoints and efforts of county residents regarding the attempted desegregation of  Prince Edward County Public Schools . Largely comprised of items donated by the Reverend  Richard J. Keever , the collection features contemporaneous newspaper clippings related to the Prince Edward County school closings, as well as the administrative papers of several local human rights groups, such as The  Prince Edward Council on Human Relations  and the  Citizens Organization for Public Education  (COPE). Further materials document the history of a bi-racial study group, which met at College Church in 1964, including related local newsletters."],"names_coll_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Prince Edward County","Prince Edward County Public Schools","Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Citizens Organization for Public Education","The Prince Edward Council on Human Relations","Prince Edward County ","Robert Russa Moton High School","Prince Edward County (Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Richard J. Keever","Anthony C. Sherman"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":16,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:11:47.081Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_9"}},{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/HSC/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/ark:/45832/41","title_filing_ssi":"Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers","title_ssm":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945/2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945/2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.000101"],"text":["SC.000101","Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","United States Army","Military history","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","This collection is divided into 11 Series:  \n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017 \n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career \n03: World War II and Vietnam \n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers \n05: Speeches and writings \n06: Financial papers \n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications \n08: Teaching and course materials \n09: Photographs and scrapbooks \n10: Audiovisual materials \n11: Memorabilia and oversize items","General Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  ","Wilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.","During World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.","After the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.","In the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.","In the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.","Sam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.","After retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  ","In 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.","After retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. ","Sam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military.","Processed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February.","This collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000.","The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC.000101"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"repository_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssm":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"places_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_terms_ssm":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States Army","Military history"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States Army","Military history"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["140 Linear Feet 270 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["140 Linear Feet 270 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Military history"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to Materials"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into 11 Series: \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017\u003cbr\u003e\n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career\u003cbr\u003e\n03: World War II and Vietnam\u003cbr\u003e\n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers\u003cbr\u003e\n05: Speeches and writings\u003cbr\u003e\n06: Financial papers\u003cbr\u003e\n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications\u003cbr\u003e\n08: Teaching and course materials\u003cbr\u003e\n09: Photographs and scrapbooks\u003cbr\u003e\n10: Audiovisual materials\u003cbr\u003e\n11: Memorabilia and oversize items\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into 11 Series:  \n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017 \n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career \n03: World War II and Vietnam \n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers \n05: Speeches and writings \n06: Financial papers \n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications \n08: Teaching and course materials \n09: Photographs and scrapbooks \n10: Audiovisual materials \n11: Memorabilia and oversize items"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeneral Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["General Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  ","Wilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.","During World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.","After the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.","In the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.","In the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.","Sam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.","After retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  ","In 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.","After retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. ","Sam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers, SC 000101, Hampden-Sydney College Archives\nand Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers, SC 000101, Hampden-Sydney College Archives\nand Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of these materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":4080,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:12:27.583Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_ssi":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","_root_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","_nest_parent_":"vihdsc_repositories_2_resources_2","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/HSC/repositories_2_resources_2.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://archivespace.hsc.edu:8081/ark:/45832/41","title_filing_ssi":"Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers","title_ssm":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"title_tesim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1945/2017"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1945/2017"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC.000101"],"text":["SC.000101","Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers","Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College","United States Army","Military history","Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.","This collection is divided into 11 Series:  \n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017 \n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career \n03: World War II and Vietnam \n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers \n05: Speeches and writings \n06: Financial papers \n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications \n08: Teaching and course materials \n09: Photographs and scrapbooks \n10: Audiovisual materials \n11: Memorabilia and oversize items","General Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  ","Wilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.","During World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.","After the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.","In the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.","In the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.","Sam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.","After retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  ","In 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.","After retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. ","Sam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military.","Processed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February.","This collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000.","The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.","Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC.000101"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"repository_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssm":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"geogname_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"places_ssim":["Prince Edward County (Va.)","Hampden-Sydney College"],"access_terms_ssm":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States Army","Military history"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States Army","Military history"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["140 Linear Feet 270 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["140 Linear Feet 270 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Military history"],"date_range_isim":[1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access to Materials"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research; access requires at least 48 hours advance notice. Because of the nature of certain archival formats, including digital and audio-visual materials, access will require additional advanced notice. Copies of digital files will be provided for use upon request."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is divided into 11 Series: \u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017\u003cbr\u003e\n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career\u003cbr\u003e\n03: World War II and Vietnam\u003cbr\u003e\n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers\u003cbr\u003e\n05: Speeches and writings\u003cbr\u003e\n06: Financial papers\u003cbr\u003e\n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications\u003cbr\u003e\n08: Teaching and course materials\u003cbr\u003e\n09: Photographs and scrapbooks\u003cbr\u003e\n10: Audiovisual materials\u003cbr\u003e\n11: Memorabilia and oversize items\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is divided into 11 Series:  \n01: Wilson genealogy, family papers, and biographical material, 1780/2017 \n02: Miscellaneous subjects related to Wilson's life and career \n03: World War II and Vietnam \n04: Wilson correspondence and other papers \n05: Speeches and writings \n06: Financial papers \n07: Miscellaneous writings and publications \n08: Teaching and course materials \n09: Photographs and scrapbooks \n10: Audiovisual materials \n11: Memorabilia and oversize items"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeneral Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["General Samuel Vaughan Wilson was a highly decorated veteran of World War II, Cold War intelligence officer, commander in Vietnam, and president of Hampden-Sydney College for eight years. Wilson spent more than 35 years working for the United States military, eventually rising to the rank of lieutenant general. Over the course of his career, General Wilson worked for the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency and played a prominent role in formulating the army's counter-insurgency (COIN) doctrine.  ","Wilson was born September 23, 1923 in Rice, Virginia. He was the son of Jasper Dennis \"Cap'n Jack\" Wilson (1879-1959) and Helen Wilson (1893-1955). Sam's family had deep roots in rural Virginia and the Prince Edward County area. After graduating from high school in 1940, and inspired by a speech by Winston Churchill, Sam enlisted in the Virginia National Guard, though he lied about his age in order to enter the service (originally as a bugler). He quickly rose through the ranks, becoming a second lieutenant by the age of 18.","During World War II, Sam volunteered for the 5307th Composite Unit (Provisional), better known as \"Merrill's Marauders.\" The Marauders gained fame in what was then Burma. The 3,000 man force fought Japanese troops behind the lines with the help of English, Indian, and Burmese forces. The Marauders suffered more than 95% casualties. Sam was among those who were wounded, killed, or who fell ill in the tropical and mountainous conditions. He served only a few months in the Marauders, but his experiences were formative. He won the respect of his men for his scouting missions, which often found him miles ahead of Japanese forces. For his conduct, Sam was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, but he had to wait years to get it. Later, Sam served as a historical advisor to the 1962 Sam Fuller film Merrill's Marauders and had a speaking role in the movie.","After the war, Sam joined the ranks of U.S. intelligence, tasked with containing communism and maintaining the balance of power in Europe. Sam was a student at Columbia University, where, as an officer in OSS (Office of Strategic Services), he studied Russia and Russian history. He became fluent in Russian and German and later spoke other languages as well. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, Sam never obtained a college degree, though later in life he received various honorary degrees.","In the 1950s, now a major, Wilson worked in Germany as a spy, a job that not only put his life in danger, but placed extraordinary pressure on his family, who traveled with him. Nevertheless, by the 1950s, Sam's career had established a pattern: he would travel across the globe, while also working for long stretches in the United States. Over the course of his career, he served at various military posts, including Fort Bragg, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Benning.","In the early 1960s, Colonel Wilson worked with Ed Lansdale in Washington, D.C., to formulate the United States' counterinsurgeny doctrine. In Vietnam, Sam would help implement this doctrine. Sam believed the war against communism could not be won in Vietnam without the support of the local population. Winning the \"hearts and minds\" of civilians, therefore, was essential to victory. Eventually, Sam was put in charge of pacification efforts in Long An province in 1967. He served in that capacity for several months before returning to the States in late 1967 to teach Special Forces at Fort Bragg. Decades later, Sam served as a commentator for Ken Burns's critically acclaimed documentary on the Vietnam War.","Sam continued to rise in the ranks, earning promotion to major general and then lieutenant general before retiring in 1977. He spent extended periods of time in the 1970s in the Soviet Union as an intelligence officer. He also developed close relationships with men in government such as George H. W. Bush and Donald Rumsfeld. Sam's last post was as director of the Defense Intelligence Agency. His decision to retire was not just for his benefit, but done out of concern for the health of his wife, Brenda.","After retiring from the military, at the behest of his friend Earl \"Frosty\" Lockwood, Sam worked as a consultant for the small, D.C. area intelligence firm Betac. Despite pressure from some admirers, Sam mostly kept out of politics and avoided calls for running for office. He spent most of his time on his farm and taught college courses on politics and government at Longwood University and HSC. A man of faith, he also taught Sunday School in the Farmville area. A warm and outgoing man who liked to tell stories, Sam was an accomplished musician, who liked to play piano and guitar for the many visitors to the farm.  ","In 1992, Sam was chosen to be president of Hampden-Sydney College and served in the position until 2000. As president, one of Sam's first accomplishments was refurbishing campus buildings that had fallen into disrepair. He also was responsible for significantly growing the HSC endowment. In 1996, HSC gained national attention for its decision, after a long and highly publicized debate, the college chose to remain an all-male college. Sam was also responsible for bringing many celebrities to campus for major events. In 1993, HSC held a symposium on the Vietnam War attended by General William Westmoreland, film director Oliver Stone, and journalist Morley Safer, among others. Other celebrities that visited during Sam's tenure included actor James Earl Jones, authors Doris Goodwin and Tom Clancy, and controversial former military officer and aspiring politician Oliver North.","After retiring from the presidency, Sam continued to teach and remain active in the Farmville area. He worked with HSC undergraduate Drew Prehmus to complete the biography \"General Sam.\" Sam died on June 10, 2017 of lung cancer at the age of 93. ","Sam was married twice, the first time to Frances Brenda Downing (1926-1987), whom Sam met while stationed at Fort Benning shortly after the war. They had four children: Sam Jr. (1946-), Susi (1949- ), Jackson (1952-), and David (1957-). After the death of Brenda in 1987, Sam remarried to Susi Wilson (born Virginia Howton), who was herself a native of the South and an officer in the U.S. military."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers, SC 000101, Hampden-Sydney College Archives\nand Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Samuel Vaughan Wilson Papers, SC 000101, Hampden-Sydney College Archives\nand Special Collections, Hampden-Sydney, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by: Colin E. Woodward, 2019/2021; machine-readable finding aid created by: Colin E. Woodward, 2021 July; additions to finding aid by: Sarah Almond, 2021 October-2022 February."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the entirety of General Samuel Vaughan Wilson's personal and professional papers, as donated to Hampden-Sydney College by his widow in 2019. Topics include the Vietnam and Second World Wars, the development of the United States of America's intelligence and counter-intelligence communities, military strategy, and Wilson's role as president of Hampden-Sydney College from 1992 until 2000."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use of these materials"],"userestrict_tesim":["The nature of the Hampden-Sydney College Archives and Special Collections means that copyright or other\ninformation about restrictions may be difficult or even impossible to determine depsite reasonable efforts. As a result, Hampden-Sydney College claims only physical ownership of most Special Collections materials.","The materials from our collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study,\npursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials,\nincluding but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source.","This collection may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under\nfederal or state right to privacy laws and regulations. Researchers are advised that the disclosure of certaininformation pertaining to identifiable living individuals represented in this collection without the consent of those individuals may have legal ramifications (e.g. cause of action under common law for invasion of privacy may arise if facts concerning and individual's private life are published that would be deemed highly offensive to a reasonable person) for which the College assumes no responsibility."],"names_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections","Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"corpname_ssim":["Hampden-Sydney College Archives \u0026 Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Samuel (Samuel Vaughan)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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